Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
  • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
  • B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
  • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
  • B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
  • B25B11/02—Assembly jigs

Definitions

• the invention relates to a mounting device according to the preamble of claim 1, a mounting device system and uses of the mounting device.
• a mounting device is known from WO 2019/016155 A1, which is used as a substrate unit in a method for additive manufacturing.
• a plurality of pin-shaped elements are fixed in the holding device by means of a fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism comprising a plate-shaped locking unit which fixes the pin-shaped elements by means of a form-fitting engagement.
• the positive engagement takes place for all pin-shaped elements within the same plane.
• appropriate engagement options are to be provided on the pin-shaped elements for a form-fitting engagement.
• EP 0857544 B1 discloses a mounting device in which the multiplicity of pin-shaped elements aligned parallel to one another, called dowel pins there, bear against one another laterally and are individually displaceable in their main direction of extent.
• the pin-shaped elements are arranged in a frame and are pressed against one another and against the encompassing frame for fixing via a movable wall which transmits a fixing force.
• DE 102012224280 A1 discloses a clamping device that clamps a workpiece with the aid of a suction device.
• the suction device is supported by a support device which has several positioning pins.
• the positioning pins run through a housing and are each surrounded by a clamping sleeve which has a conical outer circumference and is used to fix the positioning pins.
• a piston In a housing, a piston is air-pressure-driven, which can be viewed as a clamping element and, with a frustoconical section, acts on each of the clamping sleeves when it is lowered, and thus the respective clamping sleeve together with the associated positioning pin presses radially outwards, whereby a non-positive clamping of the pin-shaped elements on the housing wall is achieved.
• the piston thus only acts indirectly on the positioning pins via the clamping sleeves.
• the clamping sleeve itself does not fix the pin-shaped element, but merely ensures a radial displacement of the pin-shaped element outwards.
• the clamping sleeves are thus not opened or closed by the movement of the piston, but rather shifted.
• DE 102007020898 A1 discloses a holding device of the type mentioned at the outset, in which, as in the prior art mentioned last, a workpiece is also to be held by negative pressure, suction cups arranged on rams fixing the workpiece.
• the pin-shaped plungers are fixed by clamping elements when they are in the desired position.
• the tappets are fixed by the clamping elements, which have semicircular recesses surrounding the tappet.
• the clamping elements are brought into a closed position by a translational force acting perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the plunger. With an element not expressly mentioned in the description but shown in the drawing, the force for closing the clamping elements is applied.
• a clamping device for workpieces is known from DE 102017 119 193 A1, which has a contour piece that adapts to the contours of the workpiece.
• the contour piece has densely packed pin-shaped elements, the tips of which lie against a workpiece and are then fixed.
• a clamping element in the form of a receiving sleeve is displaced parallel to the alignment of the pins and relative to a surrounding housing. Due to a wedge shape in the area of contact between the receiving sleeve and the housing, the receiving sleeve is pressed inward directly onto the pins, which are thus clamped against one another. Additional fixing elements are therefore not available.
• the present invention is based on the technical problem of providing a mounting device of the type mentioned at the outset with an alternative structure that also has a simple structure in pin-shaped elements reliable fixation and preferably an adjustment of the position in which the pin-shaped elements are fixed in their axial direction, allows. Furthermore, a mounting device system and uses of the mounting device are to be made available.
• a holding device comprising a fixing mechanism for the detachable fixing of pin-shaped elements
• the fixing mechanism having a plurality of fixing elements and a clamping element acting simultaneously on at least a partial number of the fixing elements.
• the fixing elements are aligned with their longitudinal axes parallel to one another and the clamping element is mounted in such a way that the clamping element with translational movement between a closed position, in which the fixing elements involved are forced into a gripping position, and a release position, which allows the fixing elements involved to open, can change, proposed that the clamping element is arranged such that the translational movement of the clamping element takes place parallel to the longitudinal direction of the fixing elements.
• the action of the clamping element on a fixing element occurs when the locking position is assumed by a direct or indirect force action of the clamping element, e.g. with a wall area of an opening in the clamping element surrounding the fixing element, on the fixing element, e.g. on the outer circumference of the fixing element. If the clamping element is brought into the release position, an opening movement of the fixing element is achieved, for example due to an inherent elasticity of the fixing element or by an active force effect caused by the movement of the clamping element.
• the fixing elements are aligned with their longitudinal axes parallel to one another, and the translational movement of the clamping element takes place parallel to the longitudinal axes of the fixing elements, a particularly effective and easy-to-use fixing of numerous, spaced-apart pin-shaped elements is possible.
• the clamping element is designed in the form of a plate.
• the pin-shaped elements are inserted into one of the fixing elements either manually or automatically.
• the fixing elements which are preferably collets or other clamping elements, such as. B. wedge clamps or three-jaw chucks can be, the fixation of the pin-shaped elements can be done non-positively so that the pin-shaped elements no longer have to be prepared for a form fit. Standard components can thus be used as pin-shaped elements, which means that special manufacturing costs for this can be avoided.
• a frictional connection allows the position of the respective pin-shaped element to be corrected in its axial direction within the fixing element. Since several pin-shaped elements, each plugged into a fixing element, are to be fixed at the same time, it is advantageous to design the fixing elements in such a way that tolerance deviations of the pin-shaped elements are compensated for by means of an interference fit.
• a force-fit fixation of the pin-shaped elements can - depending on the use of the holding device - bring further advantages.
• the strength of the frictional connection can be set in such a way that the respective pin-shaped element is reliably fixed for the intended use, but at the same time a displacement of the pin-shaped element in the associated fixing element is possible when a limit force is exceeded.
• This can be advantageous, for example, when a body held by the holding device via the pin-shaped elements is subject to deformation, for example due to thermally induced internal stresses.
• the pin-shaped elements can follow the deformation or a distortion, so that the body held in the holding device can relieve the internal stresses.
• the body freed from the residual stresses for example an additively manufactured workpiece, can then be processed further, For example, to correct inaccuracies in the geometry of the body caused by warpage.
• the holding device according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that the fixing elements are fixed in an adjustable manner parallel to their longitudinal direction. In this way, there is a further possibility for adapting the position of the pin-shaped elements in their axial direction.
• the position of the pin-shaped elements can be adjusted in their axial direction, for example, in response to manufacturing tolerances in the length of the pin-shaped elements.
• it can also be the case that, due to the structure of the fixing mechanism, it acts on the respective fixing element at different axial positions, in particular when there is a large number of pin-shaped elements.
• the mechanical engagement on the fixing elements is effected by means of a plate-shaped clamping element, this can sag due to its weight in certain areas that are spaced from the support points of the clamping element, depending on the extent. If, in this regard, the position of the fixing elements is adjusted parallel to their axial longitudinal direction, the location of the action of the clamping element and thus the force acting by the clamping element on the respective fixing element can be adjusted so that the clamping element acts on all participating fixing elements with largely the same force.
• the fixing elements can be fixed within the holding device, for example, by means of a thread attached to the respective fixing element and a mating thread in a base element of the holding device, so that the position of the fixing elements in their longitudinal axial direction is determined by the amount of screwing the fixing element into the mating thread.
• the folding device according to the invention can have at least one resilient element which acts on the clamping element for the translational movement with a resilient force.
• the resilient force can, for example, support the translational movement into the closed position, while it is directed against the translational movement into the release position.
• the folding device according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that the clamping element is operated by a motor for its movement between the closed position and the release position. Alternatively, manual operation can be provided.
• the folding device according to the invention can be designed in such a way that a clamping device is provided which is set up to clamp the folding device in a clamping unit that does not belong to the folding device.
• the folding device can be set up for clamping in a conventional clamping system for an automated clamping solution in a process chain. If the folding device is used for additive manufacturing, the folding device with an additively manufactured workpiece located thereon can be fed to further process steps in the process chain via the clamping unit.
• a mounting device system according to the invention comprises a mounting device according to the invention and pin-shaped elements suitable for fixing by means of the fixing elements.
• the holding device system is designed in such a way that the holding device has an application surface suitable for additive manufacturing with openings for the pin-shaped elements.
• the application surface is formed by an application surface material which does not form a material bond with a starting material for additive manufacturing under the manufacturing conditions, with at least one of the pin-shaped Elements each forms a connecting element or is part of a connecting element and wherein at least one process surface of the at least one connecting element is suitable for a material connection with the starting material provided for additive manufacturing. If a connecting element is formed by a pin-shaped element, the additive manufacturing takes place on a surface of the pin-shaped element itself Pen shape deviates.
• the application surface can for example consist of a ceramic, while the at least one connecting element can consist of the same material as the molded part to be manufactured or at least has a surface suitable for the desired material connection.
• the at least one connecting element can, at least in some areas, also consist of a material that is less expensive than the starting material. For example, steel can be used for the at least one connecting element, while the starting material is a nickel-based alloy.
• the application surface can be formed by a coating on a substrate element of the folding device or by a solid material of the substrate element.
• Additive manufacturing of the type described above using a folding device with a different fixing mechanism for the pin-shaped elements is known from WO 2019/016155 A1, the disclosure content of which is fully incorporated.
• the fixing mechanism of the folding device system according to the invention can be set up in such a way that at least one of the process surfaces is flush or essentially flush with the application surface. This is particularly advantageous if the connecting element is formed from one of the pin-shaped elements itself
• the folding device When the folding device is used according to the invention for folding a workpiece for a manufacturing or machining process, the workpiece is fixed to at least a partial number of the fixing elements by means of pin-shaped elements belonging to the workpiece or fixed to the workpiece.
• the workpiece can be machined, for example.
• a starting material is applied to an application surface of the folding device and at least a part of the starting material is solidified to form a workpiece.
• an application surface material is used for the application surface which does not form a material bond with the starting material during the solidification of the workpiece.
• the workpiece stops on the folding device because a material connection between the workpiece and at least one connecting element is created during the solidification of the starting material to the workpiece.
• the at least one connecting element is formed by a pin-shaped element fixed in one of the fixing elements or has at least one pin-shaped element fixed in this way.
• workpiece includes a body to be machined that is not yet fully formed, in particular also a shaped body that is manufactured by applying material, in particular additively.
• the workpiece is detached from the folding device. This is done in a simple manner by bringing the clamping element into the release position and thus opening the fixing elements. The workpiece can then be removed from the folding device together with the pin-shaped elements.
• the pin-shaped elements can be used in a further folding device or a clamping system for further process steps or separated from the workpiece. After removing the workpiece, the holding device can, if necessary, be equipped with further pin-shaped elements and used for further use.
• the holding device is subject to almost no wear due to the lack of material connection between the starting material of the workpiece and the application surface.
• a plurality of workpieces can be produced additively on the mounting device according to the invention at the same time or one after the other.
• the use according to the invention can also provide that a fixing force is selected for the fixation of the pin-shaped elements, which allows a movement of the pin-shaped elements connected to the workpiece or fixed to the workpiece relative to the fixing fixing element as a result of a deformation of the workpiece caused by internal stress.
• the pin-shaped element in question can follow the deformation of the workpiece, for example an advance due to a thermally induced internal stress, as a result of which the internal stress can be reduced.
• An undesired geometry of the workpiece caused by the deformation can be corrected by subsequent machining processes, for example machining processes or processes that add material, such as a further additive manufacturing step.
• the use according to the invention can, however, also provide that after completion of at least one sub-step of additive manufacturing, the clamping element is brought into the release position and then back into the closed position and then the additive manufacturing is continued or the workpiece is fed to another processing.
• the clamping element With the clamping element in the release position, the fixing elements open and release the pin-shaped elements previously fixed therein, so that any residual stresses that may be present in the workpiece can be relieved.
• the temporary release of the pin-shaped elements can be done several times in order to reduce the internal stresses.
• the holding device can be used to clamp a workpiece, the workpiece being held non-positively and / or positively by pin-shaped elements fixed in at least a partial number of the fixing elements.
• the workpiece is pressed against the not yet fixed pin-shaped elements protruding from the holding device.
• the pin-shaped elements that come to rest on the workpiece are pressed a certain distance into the associated fixing elements depending on the contour of the workpiece.
• the clamping element is then brought into the closed position so that the pin-shaped elements are fixed on the holding device and at least some of them are in contact with the workpiece at the same time. In this way, irregularly shaped bodies in particular can be clamped.
• the use according to the invention means a further development of the prior art known from EP 0857544 B1 with a modified way of fixing the pin-shaped elements.
• the workpiece is clamped between at least two holding devices, so that the workpiece can be reliably clamped for machining by the action of, for example, two, ideally opposite, directions.
• Fig. 1 a mounting device with a clamping plate
• Fig. 2 the mounting device according to Fig. 1 without a clamping plate
• FIG. 3 a section of the clamping plate with four collets and a pin-shaped element
• FIG. 4 the holding device with clamping plate according to FIG. 1 and a substrate plate in cross section.
• FIG. 1 shows a mounting device 1 with a lower base plate 2, an upper base plate 3 and a clamping plate 4.
• a single base plate can also be provided.
• Fig. 2 shows the holding device 1 without a clamping plate 4.
• a plurality of clamping chucks 5 serving as exemplary fixing elements are fixed, of which only the upper end faces can be seen in FIG. 1, which are preferably with the upper surface of the clamping plate 4 are flush.
• the clamping plate 4 serves as a clamping element in the sense of the claims for clamping the collets 5.
• the collets 5 are guided through suitable openings through the clamping plate 4, the openings being dimensioned so that by a movement of the clamping plate parallel to the longitudinal axis of the collets 5 and away from the upper base plate 3, the collets 5 are forced into a closed position or gripping position with the force of the walls of the openings on the outer circumference of the collets 5, while the collets are opened by their inherent elasticity when the clamping plate 4 moves towards the upper base plate 3 is brought into a release position.
• FIG. 3 shows, in a greatly enlarged section, the upper surface of the clamping plate 4 with four collets 5, one of which is equipped with a pin-shaped element 6.
• Figs. 1 and 2 only a pin-shaped element 6 is shown.
• all or many of the collets 5 are equipped with pin-shaped elements 6.
• FIG. 4 shows the holding device 1 in cross section, a substrate plate 7, which is typically used in connection with additive manufacturing, being arranged above the clamping plate 4.
• the substrate plate 7 has numerous openings 8, which are provided for the pin-shaped elements 6, not shown in FIG.
• the clamping plate 4 is mounted on the upper base plate 3 with resilient elements 9, for example disc springs.
• Control buttons 10 act on the clamping plate 4 and are guided over vertical bulges 11 of the upper base plate 3 for a vertical movement in FIG.
• pin-shaped elements 6 are to be fixed in the collets 5.
• the clamping plate 4 is pressed via the operating buttons 10 in the direction of the upper base plate 3, so that the clamping plate 4 is in a release position which allows the collets 5 arranged in the openings 8 to open.
• a pin-shaped element 6 is inserted into each of the opened collets 5, or - as required - into a partial number of the opened collets 5.
• the clamping plate 4 is brought into an upper position, the closed position, by means of the resilient elements 9, in which the collets 5 are forced into a gripping position.
• the inserted pin-shaped elements 6 are thus fixed.
• the collets 5 are fixed in the upper base plate 3 in such a way that their position can be changed in the direction of their longitudinal axis.
• the collets 5 are preferably fixed by means of a thread 12 in each case. In this way, it is possible to react to manufacturing tolerances in the outer radius of the collets 5 or in the inner radius of the openings in the clamping plate 4. In particular, this makes it possible to adapt the position of the collets 5 in the direction of their longitudinal axis to possible deviations of the upper surface of the clamping plate 4 from a plane, ie the surface of the clamping plate 4 facing away from the base plates 2 or 3.
• the substrate plate 7 is provided above the clamping plate 4.
• the substrate plate 7 has an application surface 13, the surface material of which is selected in such a way that it does not form a material bond during the manufacturing process with a starting material (not shown here) by means of which a workpiece is to be additively manufactured.
• the workpiece is built up in layers using computer-controlled systems from the liquid or solid starting material using physical or chemical hardening or melting processes. For example, an energy beam, preferably a laser beam, can be used for this.
• the pin-shaped elements 6 have a surface material on at least one process surface 14 (see FIG. 3) that forms a material bond with the starting material during the additive manufacturing process .
• the pin-shaped elements 6 can be made entirely of a material suitable for the integral connection.
• the workpiece being formed is thus held by the holding device 1 via the pin-shaped elements 6 fixed in the collets 5.
• the pin-shaped elements 6 each form a connecting element within the meaning of the claims for the workpiece to be produced.
• a pin-shaped element 6 or a plurality of pin-shaped elements 6 can be part (s) of a connecting element which has the process surface 14 and which is then arranged above the substrate plate 7.
• the pin-shaped elements 6 form the connecting elements, these are preferably placed in the openings 8 in such a way that their process surface 14 is flush with the application surface 13 of the substrate plate 7.
• the workpiece After the workpiece has been manufactured, it can be released from the holding device 1 in a simple manner together with the pin-shaped elements 6 connected to it with a material fit by bringing the clamping plate 4 into the release position by means of the operating buttons 10.
• the pin-shaped elements 6 can be used to clamp the workpiece in another clamping fixture for further process steps. As far as the pin-shaped elements 6 are no longer needed, can they are separated from the workpiece in a conventional manner, for example by a sawing process or by means of spark erosion.
• the workpiece produced on the holding device 1 can, however, also be fed to further process steps together with the holding device 1.
• an optional clamping device 15 can be provided on the holding device.
• the substrate plate is not subject to any wear caused by a material bond with the starting material and can be reused.
• Different substrate plates 7 can be used for one and the same holding device 1.
• Collet chucks 5 that are not required for the respective production process can be covered by the substrate plate 7, so that, as far as possible, no starting material can get into the holding device 1.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
• Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

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Citations (12)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 2019
  • 2019-11-13 DE DE102019130676.0A patent/DE102019130676B4/de active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-11-13 EP EP20817225.4A patent/EP4058242A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-11-13 JP JP2022527675A patent/JP2023502912A/ja active Pending
  • 2020-11-13 WO PCT/EP2020/082149 patent/WO2021094592A1/de unknown

Patent Citations (12)

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