WO2021060156A1 - Tube wall thickness measuring device and tube wall thickness measuring system - Google Patents

Abstract

A tube wall thickness measuring device includes an ultrasonic probe having a cylindrical part, a fixing part that fixes the cylindrical part, a movable moving part, and at least three expansion/contraction mechanisms connected to the fixing part and the moving part, and an urging member that connects the fixing part and the moving part. An expansion/contraction mechanism includes parallel leg parts on which wheels are arranged, rotatable first links and second links that connect the parallel leg parts and the fixing part, and a rotatable third link that connects the second link and the moving part. Where the urging member extends and the moving part separates from the fixing part, all parallel leg parts approach the cylindrical part. Where the urging member contracts and the moving part approaches the fixing part, all parallel leg parts separate from the cylindrical part.

Description

管肉厚測定装置及び管肉厚測定システムTube wall thickness measuring device and tube wall thickness measuring system

　本発明は、ボイラの伝熱管の肉厚測定を行う管肉厚測定装置、及び、当該装置を用いた管肉厚測定システムに関する。
　本願は、２０１９年９月２６日に日本に出願された特願２０１９－１７５６０５号について優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。 The present invention relates to a pipe wall thickness measuring device for measuring the wall thickness of a heat transfer tube of a boiler, and a pipe wall thickness measuring system using the device.
The present application claims priority with respect to Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-175605 filed in Japan on September 26, 2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

　火力発電所の石炭炊きボイラ、ごみ焼却炉に備えられた発電用の廃熱ボイラなど、ボイラを備えたプラントでは、超音波を用いて、定期的にボイラの伝熱管（ボイラチューブ）の肉厚測定が行われる。すなわち、非破壊検査の一種である超音波検査（ＵＴ：Ultrasonic Testing）が行われる。特に、水を充満した伝熱管の内部に、超音波プローブを挿入する場合は、「水浸ＵＴ」と言われる。 In plants equipped with boilers, such as coal-fired boilers for thermal power plants and waste heat boilers for power generation installed in waste incinerators, the thickness of the heat transfer tube (boiler tube) of the boiler is regularly used using ultrasonic waves. The measurement is made. That is, ultrasonic inspection (UT: Ultrasonic Testing), which is a kind of non-destructive inspection, is performed. In particular, when an ultrasonic probe is inserted inside a heat transfer tube filled with water, it is called "water immersion UT".

　水浸ＵＴで使用される超音波プローブは、伝熱管の管壁に向かって超音波を発振する。そして、超音波プローブは、当該管壁で反射した超音波を受信する。従って、水浸ＵＴでは、伝熱管の中心軸上に超音波プローブが配置されることで、伝熱管の管壁の肉厚を適切に測定することができる。 The ultrasonic probe used in the water immersion UT oscillates ultrasonic waves toward the tube wall of the heat transfer tube. Then, the ultrasonic probe receives the ultrasonic waves reflected by the tube wall. Therefore, in the water immersion UT, the wall thickness of the tube wall of the heat transfer tube can be appropriately measured by arranging the ultrasonic probe on the central axis of the heat transfer tube.

　そこで、特許文献１及び特許文献２に開示があるように、超音波プローブを伝熱管の中心軸上に配置する伸縮機構を備えた管肉厚測定装置、及び、当該装置を用いた管肉厚測定システムが多数開発されてきた。 Therefore, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a tube wall thickness measuring device having a telescopic mechanism for arranging an ultrasonic probe on the central axis of the heat transfer tube, and a tube wall thickness using the device. Many measurement systems have been developed.

特許第６３０６９０４号公報Japanese Patent No. 6306904 特許第４７６８０５２号公報Japanese Patent No. 4768052

　しかしながら、特許文献１の管肉厚測定装置は、各伸縮機構がそれぞれ完全に独立して動作し、他の伸縮機構の動作と関連を持たない。このため、ある伸縮機構の拡がりと他の伸縮機構の拡がりにズレが生じた場合、超音波プローブが伝熱管の中心軸上に配置されない。その結果として、水浸ＵＴを適切に実施できない可能性がある。 However, in the tube wall thickness measuring device of Patent Document 1, each expansion / contraction mechanism operates completely independently, and is not related to the operation of other expansion / contraction mechanisms. Therefore, when the expansion of one expansion / contraction mechanism and the expansion of another expansion / contraction mechanism are deviated, the ultrasonic probe is not arranged on the central axis of the heat transfer tube. As a result, water immersion UT may not be properly performed.

　一方、特許文献２の管肉厚測定装置は、各伸縮機構が互いに接続されている。この装置は、互いに同一の動作をするので、超音波プローブは伝熱管の中心軸上に適切に配置される。
　しかしながら、管肉厚測定装置の寸法を鑑みたとき、各伸縮機構の構成上、伝熱管の中心軸の軸線の長さ方向に小型化するのは困難であった。
　これは、各伸縮機構が、バネが伸びることで拡大し、当該バネが縮むことで縮小する構成であるからである。このため、伝熱管に「曲げ半径」の小さな屈曲箇所がある場合、特許文献２の管肉厚測定装置は当該屈曲箇所を通過することができない。その結果として、水浸ＵＴを実施可能な伝熱管の数が制限される可能性がある。 On the other hand, in the tube wall thickness measuring device of Patent Document 2, each expansion / contraction mechanism is connected to each other. Since the devices operate in the same way as each other, the ultrasonic probe is properly placed on the central axis of the heat transfer tube.
However, considering the dimensions of the tube wall thickness measuring device, it is difficult to reduce the size in the length direction of the axis of the central axis of the heat transfer tube due to the configuration of each expansion / contraction mechanism.
This is because each expansion / contraction mechanism expands when the spring expands and contracts when the spring contracts. Therefore, when the heat transfer tube has a bent portion having a small "bending radius", the tube wall thickness measuring device of Patent Document 2 cannot pass through the bent portion. As a result, the number of heat transfer tubes that can be submerged in water may be limited.

　本発明は、超音波プローブを伝熱管の中心軸上に適切に配置して正確に水浸ＵＴを実施することができ、且つ、伝熱管の中心軸の軸線の長さ方向に小型化を図り、水浸ＵＴを実施可能な伝熱管の数を増加することが可能な管肉厚測定装置及び当該装置を用いた管肉厚測定システムを提供する。 According to the present invention, the ultrasonic probe can be appropriately arranged on the central axis of the heat transfer tube to accurately carry out water immersion UT, and the size can be reduced in the length direction of the axis of the central axis of the heat transfer tube. Provided are a tube wall thickness measuring device capable of increasing the number of heat transfer tubes capable of carrying out water immersion UT, and a tube wall thickness measuring system using the device.

　本発明の管肉厚測定装置は、伝熱管の肉厚を測定する管肉厚測定装置であって、前記伝熱管の管壁に超音波を発振し且つ前記管壁で反射する超音波を受信するセンサ部と、前記センサ部を固定する円筒部とを備えた超音波プローブと、前記円筒部が挿通され、前記円筒部を固定する固定部と、前記円筒部が挿通され、前記固定部に対して移動可能な移動部と、前記円筒部の周方向に等間隔に配置され、前記固定部と前記移動部に接続された少なくとも３つの伸縮機構と、前記周方向で隣り合う２つの前記伸縮機構の間に配置され、前記固定部と前記移動部を接続する付勢部材とを有し、前記伸縮機構は、両端に車輪が配置された棒状の平行脚部と、前記平行脚部と前記固定部とをそれぞれ異なる箇所で接続する棒状かつ回動可能な第一リンク及び第二リンクと、前記第二リンクと前記移動部とを接続する棒状かつ回動可能な第三リンクとを備え、前記付勢部材が伸びて前記移動部が前記固定部から離れることで、全ての前記平行脚部は、前記円筒部の径方向に同じ距離且つ互いに平行に移動して前記円筒部に近づき、前記付勢部材が縮んで前記移動部が前記固定部に近づくことで、全ての前記平行脚部は、前記径方向に同じ距離且つ互いに平行に移動して前記円筒部から離れることを特徴とする。 The tube wall thickness measuring device of the present invention is a tube wall thickness measuring device that measures the wall thickness of a heat transfer tube, and oscillates ultrasonic waves on the tube wall of the heat transfer tube and receives ultrasonic waves reflected by the tube wall. An ultrasonic probe having a sensor portion and a cylindrical portion for fixing the sensor portion, the cylindrical portion is inserted, and a fixing portion for fixing the cylindrical portion and the cylindrical portion are inserted into the fixed portion. On the other hand, a movable portion that is movable, at least three expansion / contraction mechanisms that are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion and are connected to the fixed portion and the moving portion, and two expansion / contraction mechanisms that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. The telescopic mechanism has a rod-shaped parallel leg portion arranged between the mechanisms and having an urging member connecting the fixing portion and the moving portion, and the telescopic mechanism has wheels arranged at both ends, and the parallel leg portion and the above-mentioned parallel leg portion. It is provided with a rod-shaped and rotatable first link and second link for connecting the fixed portion at different locations, and a rod-shaped and rotatable third link for connecting the second link and the moving portion. When the urging member extends and the moving portion separates from the fixed portion, all the parallel leg portions move in the same distance in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion and in parallel with each other to approach the cylindrical portion. As the urging member contracts and the moving portion approaches the fixed portion, all the parallel leg portions move in the same radial direction and in parallel with each other and separate from the cylindrical portion.

　本発明の管肉厚測定装置によれば、少なくとも３つの伸縮機構が、移動部の移動に伴って、径方向に同じ距離で拡がる。従って、超音波プローブを伝熱管の中心軸上に適切に配置して正確に水浸ＵＴを実施することができる。
　また、各伸縮機構は、固定部と移動部を接続する付勢部材が伸びることで縮み、付勢部材が縮むことで拡がる構成である。そのため、管肉厚測定装置を伝熱管の中心軸の軸線の長さ方向に小型化することができる。このため、水浸ＵＴを実施可能な伝熱管の数を増加することが可能となる。
　従って、超音波プローブを伝熱管の中心軸上に適切に配置して正確に水浸ＵＴを実施することができ、且つ、伝熱管の中心軸の軸線の長さ方向に小型化を図り、水浸ＵＴを実施可能な伝熱管の数を増加することが可能な管肉厚測定装置及び当該装置を用いた管肉厚測定システムを提供することができる。 According to the tube wall thickness measuring apparatus of the present invention, at least three expansion / contraction mechanisms expand in the radial direction by the same distance as the moving portion moves. Therefore, the ultrasonic probe can be appropriately arranged on the central axis of the heat transfer tube to accurately carry out the water immersion UT.
Further, each expansion / contraction mechanism has a configuration in which the urging member connecting the fixed portion and the moving portion expands to contract, and the urging member contracts to expand. Therefore, the tube wall thickness measuring device can be miniaturized in the length direction of the axis of the central axis of the heat transfer tube. Therefore, it is possible to increase the number of heat transfer tubes that can carry out water immersion UT.
Therefore, the ultrasonic probe can be appropriately arranged on the central axis of the heat transfer tube to accurately carry out the water immersion UT, and the size of the water can be reduced in the length direction of the axis of the central axis of the heat transfer tube. It is possible to provide a tube wall thickness measuring device capable of increasing the number of heat transfer tubes capable of performing immersion UT, and a tube wall thickness measuring system using the device.

本発明の実施形態の管肉厚測定装置１を用いた管肉厚測定システム１００を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the tube wall thickness measuring system 100 using the tube wall thickness measuring apparatus 1 of embodiment of this invention. 管肉厚測定装置１の伸縮機構１７が拡がった状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state in which the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 of the tube wall thickness measuring apparatus 1 is expanded. 円筒部１４の中心軸に沿う断面図であり、管肉厚測定装置１の伸縮機構１７が拡がる際、拡がる範囲が螺子３１で制限されることを示す図である。It is a cross-sectional view along the central axis of a cylindrical portion 14, and is a figure which shows that when the expansion and contraction mechanism 17 of a pipe wall thickness measuring apparatus 1 expands, the expansion range is limited by a screw 31. 管肉厚測定装置１を円筒部１４の中心軸の軸線方向かつケーブル３側から見た図であり、伸縮機構１７が拡がった状態を示す図である。It is a figure which looked at the tube wall thickness measuring apparatus 1 in the axial direction of the central axis of the cylindrical part 14 and from the side of a cable 3, and is the figure which shows the state in which the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 expanded. 管肉厚測定装置１を図４の軸線方向かつセンサ部１３側から見た図であり、伸縮機構１７が縮んだ状態を示す図である。It is a figure which saw the tube wall thickness measuring apparatus 1 in the axial direction of FIG. 4 and from the sensor part 13 side, and is the figure which shows the state in which the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 is contracted. 管肉厚測定装置１を図４の軸線方向と直交する方向から見た図であり、伸縮機構１７が縮んだ状態を示す図である。It is a figure which looked at the tube wall thickness measuring apparatus 1 from the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of FIG.

　以下、本発明の管肉厚測定装置及び当該装置を用いた管肉厚測定システムの実施形態について、図面を参照して説明する。ここでは、まず、図１を用いて管肉厚測定システム１００につき説明した後、図２～図６を用いて、管肉厚測定装置１につき詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the tube wall thickness measuring device of the present invention and the tube wall thickness measuring system using the device will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, first, the tube wall thickness measuring system 100 will be described with reference to FIG. 1, and then the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6.

　まず、図１を用いて、管肉厚測定システム１００につき説明する。
　管肉厚測定システム１００は、伝熱管２の肉厚を測定するシステムであって、後に詳しく説明する管肉厚測定装置１と、管肉厚測定装置１の円筒部（後述）に一端が接続されたケーブル３と、ケーブル３の他端に接続された分析装置４と、分析装置４が演算した結果を表示する表示装置５とを、少なくとも有する。
　分析装置４は、管肉厚測定装置１のセンサ部（後述）が受信した超音波に基づいて伝熱管２の肉厚に関する演算を行う。分析装置４は、当該演算の結果（伝熱管２の肉厚に関する情報）を表示装置５に表示させる。
　なお、分析装置４は、コンピュータ等の演算装置である。ここでは、分析装置４とモニタ等の表示装置５を分離して説明するが、例えば、分析装置４と表示装置５が一体化したノート型のパソコン（Personal Computer）でもよい。
　また、ケーブル３は、屈曲可能であり、且つ、管肉厚測定装置１のセンサ部（後述）から分析装置４へ電気信号（具体的には、センサ部が受信した超音波に対応する情報）を伝達するケーブルである。
　水浸ＵＴの場合、ケーブル３は、管肉厚測定装置１のセンサ部（後述）に水を供給するための水管を内包する。また、伝熱管２の内部は、水で満たされている。 First, the tube wall thickness measuring system 100 will be described with reference to FIG.
The tube wall thickness measuring system 100 is a system for measuring the wall thickness of the heat transfer tube 2, and one end is connected to the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 which will be described in detail later and the cylindrical portion (described later) of the tube wall thickness measuring device 1. It has at least a cable 3, an analyzer 4 connected to the other end of the cable 3, and a display device 5 for displaying the result of calculation by the analyzer 4.
The analyzer 4 calculates the wall thickness of the heat transfer tube 2 based on the ultrasonic waves received by the sensor unit (described later) of the tube wall thickness measuring device 1. The analyzer 4 causes the display device 5 to display the result of the calculation (information regarding the wall thickness of the heat transfer tube 2).
The analyzer 4 is an arithmetic unit such as a computer. Here, the analyzer 4 and the display device 5 such as a monitor will be described separately, but for example, a notebook computer (Personal Computer) in which the analyzer 4 and the display device 5 are integrated may be used.
Further, the cable 3 is bendable, and an electric signal (specifically, information corresponding to the ultrasonic wave received by the sensor unit) is transmitted from the sensor unit (described later) of the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 to the analyzer 4. It is a cable that transmits.
In the case of a water immersion UT, the cable 3 includes a water pipe for supplying water to the sensor unit (described later) of the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1. Further, the inside of the heat transfer tube 2 is filled with water.

　では、管肉厚測定システム１００が少なくとも有する構成に加え、図１に示すその他の構成について説明する。
　火力発電所の石炭炊きボイラ、ごみ焼却炉に備えられた発電用の廃熱ボイラなど、ボイラを備えたプラントにおいては、ボイラは複数の伝熱管２を備える。ボイラが備える複数の伝熱管２は、水平方向に延びる管寄せ６に直交且つ連通して接続される。
　管寄せ６は、作業者が作業可能な通路である歩廊７に面した端部に、水平方向に突出した管台８を備える。管台８は、管寄せ６の外径より小さな外径の筒形状をしており、管寄せ６と同軸に配置される。管台８の一端は、管寄せ６に連通して接続されている。管台８の他端は、開口のないように、金属板が溶接されて（またはフランジ構造により）塞がれる。当該他端は、管肉厚測定装置１を管寄せ６の内部に挿入する際に、開口される。
　ケーブル巻取装置９は、ケーブル３の自動（または手動）巻取り、また、自動（または手動）引出しが可能である。
　ガイド管１０は、管寄せ６に接続された所定の伝熱管２まで、管肉厚測定装置１を誘導する装置である。歩廊７に配置されたワイヤ操作装置１１とガイド管１０の先端はワイヤで接続されている。そして、作業員がワイヤ操作装置１１を操作することで、当該先端を管寄せ６の中心軸に対しておよそ９０°の向きに曲げることができる。管寄せ６の中心軸と伝熱管２の中心軸は直交しているので、管肉厚測定装置１を所定の伝熱管２に容易に挿入することができる。
　なお、ワイヤ操作装置１１は、適切な高さの作業台１２に配置するとよい。 Then, in addition to the configuration that the tube wall thickness measuring system 100 has at least, other configurations shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
In a plant equipped with a boiler, such as a coal-fired boiler of a thermal power plant and a waste heat boiler for power generation provided in a waste incinerator, the boiler is provided with a plurality of heat transfer tubes 2. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 2 provided in the boiler are connected orthogonally and in communication with the tube gathering 6 extending in the horizontal direction.
The pipe gathering 6 is provided with a pipe base 8 protruding in the horizontal direction at an end facing the corridor 7, which is a passage through which an operator can work. The tube base 8 has a tubular shape having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the tube group 6, and is arranged coaxially with the tube group 6. One end of the pipe base 8 is connected to the pipe gathering 6 in communication with each other. The other end of the tube base 8 is closed by welding (or by a flange structure) a metal plate so that there is no opening. The other end is opened when the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1 is inserted into the pipe gathering 6.
The cable winding device 9 can automatically (or manually) wind the cable 3 and automatically (or manually) pull it out.
The guide tube 10 is a device that guides the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 to a predetermined heat transfer tube 2 connected to the tube gathering 6. The wire operating device 11 arranged in the corridor 7 and the tip of the guide pipe 10 are connected by a wire. Then, when the worker operates the wire operating device 11, the tip can be bent in a direction of about 90 ° with respect to the central axis of the pipe gathering 6. Since the central axis of the tube gathering 6 and the central axis of the heat transfer tube 2 are orthogonal to each other, the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 can be easily inserted into the predetermined heat transfer tube 2.
The wire operating device 11 may be arranged on a workbench 12 having an appropriate height.

　次に、図２～図６を用いて、管肉厚測定装置１につき詳細に説明する。
　まず、管肉厚測定装置１は、次の構成を少なくとも有する。
　すなわち、管肉厚測定装置１は、超音波プローブを有している。超音波プローブは、伝熱管２の管壁に超音波を発振し且つ当該管壁で反射する超音波を受信するセンサ部１３と、センサ部１３を固定する円筒部１４とを備えている。
　また、管肉厚測定装置１は、固定部１５と、移動部１６と、少なくとも３つの伸縮機構１７と、付勢部材１８とを有している。固定部１５は、円筒部１４が挿通されて円筒部１４を固定する。移動部１６は、円筒部１４が挿通されて固定部１５に対して移動可能とされている。伸縮機構１７は、円筒部１４の周方向に等間隔に配置されて固定部１５と移動部１６に接続されている。付勢部材１８は、当該周方向で隣り合う２つの伸縮機構１７の間に配置されて固定部１５と移動部１６を接続している。
　さらに、管肉厚測定装置１において、伸縮機構１７は、両端に車輪１９が配置された棒状の平行脚部２０と、平行脚部２０と固定部１５とをそれぞれ異なる箇所で接続する棒状かつ回動可能な第一リンク２１及び第二リンク２２と、第二リンク２２と移動部１６とを接続する棒状かつ回動可能な第三リンク２３とを備えている。
　そして、管肉厚測定装置１においては、付勢部材１８が伸びて移動部１６が固定部１５から離れることで、全ての平行脚部２０が、円筒部１４の径方向に同じ距離且つ互いに平行に移動して円筒部１４に近づく。また、付勢部材１８が縮んで移動部１６が固定部１５に近づくことで、全ての平行脚部２０が、円筒部１４の径方向に同じ距離且つ互いに平行に移動して円筒部１４から離れる。 Next, the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6.
First, the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 has at least the following configuration.
That is, the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 has an ultrasonic probe. The ultrasonic probe includes a sensor unit 13 that oscillates ultrasonic waves on the tube wall of the heat transfer tube 2 and receives ultrasonic waves reflected by the tube wall, and a cylindrical portion 14 that fixes the sensor unit 13.
Further, the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 includes a fixing portion 15, a moving portion 16, at least three expansion / contraction mechanisms 17, and an urging member 18. The cylindrical portion 14 is inserted into the fixing portion 15 to fix the cylindrical portion 14. The moving portion 16 is made movable with respect to the fixed portion 15 through which the cylindrical portion 14 is inserted. The expansion / contraction mechanism 17 is arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 14 and is connected to the fixed portion 15 and the moving portion 16. The urging member 18 is arranged between two telescopic mechanisms 17 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and connects the fixing portion 15 and the moving portion 16.
Further, in the tube wall thickness measuring device 1, the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 is a rod-shaped and rotating rod-shaped parallel leg portion 20 having wheels 19 arranged at both ends, and a rod-shaped parallel leg portion 20 and a fixing portion 15 are connected at different positions. It includes a movable first link 21 and a second link 22, and a rod-shaped and rotatable third link 23 that connects the second link 22 and the moving portion 16.
Then, in the tube wall thickness measuring device 1, all the parallel leg portions 20 are parallel to each other at the same distance in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 14 by extending the urging member 18 and separating the moving portion 16 from the fixed portion 15. And approaches the cylindrical portion 14. Further, as the urging member 18 contracts and the moving portion 16 approaches the fixed portion 15, all the parallel leg portions 20 move in the same distance in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 14 and in parallel with each other, and separate from the cylindrical portion 14. ..

　では、管肉厚測定装置１が少なくとも有する構成に加え、図２～図６に示すその他の構成について説明する。基本的に、超音波プローブ、固定部１５、移動部１６の順に説明し、最後に、伸縮機構１７について説明する。
　まず、超音波プローブが備える円筒部１４とセンサ部１３を、順に説明する。
　円筒部１４は、金属または樹脂等で成形された円筒形をしている。円筒部１４の一端にはセンサ部１３が固定されている。円筒部１４の他端にはケーブル３が固定される。円筒部１４の中心軸は、ケーブル３の中心軸と同軸である。なお、円筒部１４は、ケーブル３をその周囲から挟み込んで固定する。従って、円筒部１４の当該他端の内径は、ケーブル３の外径と実質的に同一または当該外径よりやや大きく設計される。このため、円筒部１４の外径は、ケーブル３の外径より大きい。
　センサ部１３は、伝熱管２の管壁に向かって、すなわち、伝熱管２の中心軸の軸線方向Ｄａと直交する径方向Ｄｒに超音波を発振する。そして、当該管壁で反射した超音波（反射波）を受信する。センサ部１３の中心軸は、円筒部１４の中心軸と同軸であり、また、伝熱管２の中心軸と同軸である。
　なお、センサ部１３は、超音波を反射する鏡を備えている。当該鏡は、センサ部１３の中心軸から４５°傾いて配置される。そして、ケーブル３が内包する水管から水を噴射し、その水圧で当該鏡に連結した水車を回転させることで、当該鏡がセンサ部１３の中心軸を回転軸として回転する。このため、センサ部１３が当該中心軸上に発信した超音波は、伝熱管２の中心軸周りの全方向の管壁に向かって発振される。また、センサ部１３は当該管壁で反射した超音波を当該鏡で受けて受信する。 Then, in addition to the configuration that the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 has at least, other configurations shown in FIGS. 2 to 6 will be described. Basically, the ultrasonic probe, the fixing portion 15, and the moving portion 16 will be described in this order, and finally, the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 will be described.
First, the cylindrical portion 14 and the sensor portion 13 included in the ultrasonic probe will be described in order.
The cylindrical portion 14 has a cylindrical shape formed of metal, resin, or the like. A sensor portion 13 is fixed to one end of the cylindrical portion 14. The cable 3 is fixed to the other end of the cylindrical portion 14. The central axis of the cylindrical portion 14 is coaxial with the central axis of the cable 3. The cylindrical portion 14 sandwiches and fixes the cable 3 from its periphery. Therefore, the inner diameter of the other end of the cylindrical portion 14 is designed to be substantially the same as or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cable 3. Therefore, the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 14 is larger than the outer diameter of the cable 3.
The sensor unit 13 oscillates ultrasonic waves toward the tube wall of the heat transfer tube 2, that is, in the radial direction Dr orthogonal to the axial direction Da of the central axis of the heat transfer tube 2. Then, the ultrasonic waves (reflected waves) reflected by the tube wall are received. The central axis of the sensor unit 13 is coaxial with the central axis of the cylindrical portion 14 and is coaxial with the central axis of the heat transfer tube 2.
The sensor unit 13 is provided with a mirror that reflects ultrasonic waves. The mirror is arranged at an angle of 45 ° from the central axis of the sensor unit 13. Then, water is injected from the water pipe included in the cable 3 and the water wheel connected to the mirror is rotated by the water pressure, so that the mirror rotates with the central axis of the sensor unit 13 as the rotation axis. Therefore, the ultrasonic waves transmitted by the sensor unit 13 on the central axis are oscillated toward the tube wall in all directions around the central axis of the heat transfer tube 2. Further, the sensor unit 13 receives and receives the ultrasonic waves reflected by the tube wall by the mirror.

　次に、固定部１５と移動部１６を、順に説明する。
　固定部１５は、円筒部１４の中心軸と同軸の中心軸をもつ円柱状の貫通孔２４（２４ａ）を備える（図３参照）。貫通孔２４ａの直径は、円筒部１４の外径と実質的に同一であるため、円筒部１４を貫通孔２４ａに挿入することができる。
　ただし、円筒部１４は、容易に固定部１５から抜けない状態に固定される。図示しないが、例えば、固定部１５の径方向から、貫通孔２４に挿入された円筒部１４に向けて螺子をねじ込み、当該螺子の先端で円筒部１４を押さえて、円筒部１４が固定部１５から抜けないように固定してもよい。もちろん、固定部１５に挿入するだけで円筒部１４が固定部１５から容易に抜けないように設計してもよい。 Next, the fixed portion 15 and the moving portion 16 will be described in order.
The fixing portion 15 includes a columnar through hole 24 (24a) having a central axis coaxial with the central axis of the cylindrical portion 14 (see FIG. 3). Since the diameter of the through hole 24a is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 14, the cylindrical portion 14 can be inserted into the through hole 24a.
However, the cylindrical portion 14 is fixed so as not to be easily removed from the fixing portion 15. Although not shown, for example, a screw is screwed from the radial direction of the fixing portion 15 toward the cylindrical portion 14 inserted into the through hole 24, the cylindrical portion 14 is pressed by the tip of the screw, and the cylindrical portion 14 is the fixing portion 15. You may fix it so that it does not come off. Of course, it may be designed so that the cylindrical portion 14 does not easily come off from the fixed portion 15 simply by inserting it into the fixed portion 15.

　固定部１５は、軸線方向（長さ方向）Ｄａに、２つの異なる形状を備えている。板状の第一固定部１５ａと、角柱状の第二固定部１５ｂの２つである。第一固定部１５ａは、軸線方向Ｄａかつケーブル３側から見て、あるいは軸線方向Ｄａに垂直な径方向（幅方向）Ｄｒで見て、略円形（図４参照）に形成されている。第二固定部１５ｂは、軸線方向Ｄａかつセンサ部１３側から見て、あるいは径方向Ｄｒで見て伸縮機構１７の総数に対応した略正多角形に形成されている。第一固定部１５ａと第二固定部１５ｂは、別々に形成した後に接続してもよいし、「型」で成型し一度に一体形成してもよい。
　第一固定部１５ａの軸線方向Ｄａの寸法、言い換えれば、上記「板状」部分の厚みは、第二固定部１５ｂの約１/３程度である。
　また、ここでは、伸縮機構１７の総数は、一例として、３つとして説明するので、第二固定部１５ｂは略正三角柱の形状（図５参照）となる。３つの伸縮機構１７は、当該略正三角柱の３つの側面にそれぞれ１つずつ配置される。
　ただし、当該略正多角形の各々の角には、バネ（例えば、コイルバネ）またはゴムなどの付勢部材１８を配置するための面取りがなされる。従って、伸縮機構１７の総数が３つの場合、第二固定部１５ｂはおよそ正三角柱の形状であるものの、面取りまで考慮すれば六角柱の形状であるともいえる（図５参照）。なお、面取りされたそれぞれの箇所に付勢部材１８が配置されるので、伸縮機構１７の総数に相当する数の付勢部材１８が配置される。ここでは、伸縮機構１７の総数が３つの例を示すので、付勢部材１８の総数も３つとなる。
　第一固定部１５ａには、上記面取りがなされた箇所に対応して、付勢部材１８の一端が固定される係止部２７（２７ａ）が配置される（図６参照）。 The fixing portion 15 has two different shapes in the axial direction (longitudinal direction) Da. There are two, a plate-shaped first fixing portion 15a and a prismatic second fixing portion 15b. The first fixing portion 15a is formed in a substantially circular shape (see FIG. 4) when viewed from the axial direction Da and the cable 3 side, or when viewed in the radial direction (width direction) Dr perpendicular to the axial direction Da. The second fixing portion 15b is formed in a substantially regular polygon corresponding to the total number of the expansion / contraction mechanisms 17 when viewed from the axial direction Da and the sensor portion 13 side, or when viewed from the radial direction Dr. The first fixing portion 15a and the second fixing portion 15b may be formed separately and then connected, or may be molded by a "mold" and integrally formed at one time.
The dimension of the axial direction Da of the first fixing portion 15a, in other words, the thickness of the "plate-shaped" portion is about 1/3 of that of the second fixing portion 15b.
Further, since the total number of the expansion / contraction mechanisms 17 will be described here as three as an example, the second fixing portion 15b has a substantially regular triangular prism shape (see FIG. 5). One of the three telescopic mechanisms 17 is arranged on each of the three side surfaces of the substantially regular triangular prism.
However, each corner of the substantially regular polygon is chamfered for arranging an urging member 18 such as a spring (for example, a coil spring) or rubber. Therefore, when the total number of the expansion / contraction mechanisms 17 is three, the second fixed portion 15b has a shape of a regular triangular prism, but can be said to have a hexagonal prism shape when chamfering is taken into consideration (see FIG. 5). Since the urging members 18 are arranged at each chamfered portion, the number of urging members 18 corresponding to the total number of the expansion / contraction mechanisms 17 is arranged. Here, since the total number of the expansion / contraction mechanisms 17 shows three examples, the total number of the urging members 18 is also three.
A locking portion 27 (27a) to which one end of the urging member 18 is fixed is arranged in the first fixing portion 15a corresponding to the chamfered portion (see FIG. 6).

　軸線方向Ｄａかつセンサ部１３側から見て、あるいは径方向Ｄｒで見て、第二固定部１５ｂは、第一固定部１５ａの内側に収まる大きさに形成される（図５参照）。
　後述する伸縮機構１７が最も縮んだ場合、すなわち、平行脚部２０に配置された車輪１９が後述する収容溝２５に収容された場合、軸線方向Ｄａかつセンサ部１３側から見て、あるいは径方向Ｄｒで見て、伸縮機構１７の全ての構成（平行脚部２０、第一リンク２１、第二リンク２２、第三リンク２３、車輪１９）、付勢部材１８、並びにセンサ部１３を含む超音波プローブは、第一固定部１５ａの内側に収まる大きさに設計される（図５参照）。
　ケーブル３がケーブル巻取装置９で巻き取られて管肉厚測定装置１を伝熱管２から回収する際、管肉厚測定装置１の進行方向の最も先頭に第一固定部１５ａが位置することになる。この時、第一固定部１５ａが防壁となって、伝熱管２内の浮遊物や伝熱管２の内壁から突出した溶接個所（例えば、裏波）などから、伸縮機構１７、付勢部材１８、及び超音波プローブを保護し、これらの損傷を防止することができる。すなわち、管肉厚測定システム１００は、ケーブル巻取装置９によりケーブル３を巻き取って管肉厚測定装置１を損傷なく回収することができる。 The second fixing portion 15b is formed to have a size that fits inside the first fixing portion 15a when viewed from the axial direction Da and the sensor portion 13 side, or when viewed from the radial direction Dr (see FIG. 5).
When the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 described later is most contracted, that is, when the wheel 19 arranged in the parallel leg portion 20 is accommodated in the accommodating groove 25 described later, it is viewed from the axial direction Da and the sensor unit 13 side, or in the radial direction. Ultrasonic waves including all configurations of the telescopic mechanism 17 (parallel leg portion 20, first link 21, second link 22, third link 23, wheel 19), urging member 18, and sensor portion 13 when viewed from Dr. The probe is designed to fit inside the first fixation portion 15a (see FIG. 5).
When the cable 3 is wound by the cable winding device 9 and the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 is recovered from the heat transfer tube 2, the first fixing portion 15a is located at the very beginning of the traveling direction of the tube wall thickness measuring device 1. become. At this time, the first fixing portion 15a serves as a barrier, and the expansion / contraction mechanism 17, the urging member 18, and the like from the floating matter in the heat transfer tube 2 and the welded portion (for example, back wave) protruding from the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 2. And the ultrasonic probe can be protected and these damages can be prevented. That is, the tube wall thickness measuring system 100 can wind the cable 3 by the cable winding device 9 and collect the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 without damage.

　第一固定部１５ａは、全ての伸縮機構１７の各々の位置、具体的には全ての平行脚部２０の各々の位置に対応して、径方向Ｄｒで見て中心軸に向かって凹み、且つ、軸線方向Ｄａに第二固定部１５ｂの外面に滑らかに接続する複数の収容溝２５を備えている（図２、図５参照）。軸線方向Ｄａにおいて移動部１６が移動可能な範囲のうち、移動部１６が固定部１５から最も離れた際、全ての平行脚部２０の一方の車輪１９が、それぞれ対応する収容溝２５に収容される。 The first fixing portion 15a is recessed toward the central axis when viewed in the radial direction Dr, corresponding to each position of all the expansion / contraction mechanisms 17, specifically, each position of all the parallel leg portions 20. A plurality of accommodating grooves 25 that are smoothly connected to the outer surface of the second fixing portion 15b are provided in the axial direction Da (see FIGS. 2 and 5). When the moving portion 16 is farthest from the fixed portion 15 in the range in which the moving portion 16 can move in the axial direction Da, one wheel 19 of all the parallel leg portions 20 is accommodated in the corresponding accommodating groove 25. Wheel.

　また、第一固定部１５ａは、軸線方向Ｄａにおいて、第二固定部１５ｂと反対側の面の外周かつ角の部分に、面取りが施されて曲面に形成された面取部２６を備えている（図２、図３、図６参照）。面取部２６により、管肉厚測定装置１を伝熱管２から回収する際、管肉厚測定装置１が伝熱管２の内部に突出した裏波などに引っ掛かり、移動困難となることを防止することができる。従って、管肉厚測定システム１００は、ケーブル巻取装置９によりケーブル３を巻き取って管肉厚測定装置１を高速に回収することができる。また回収時に、伝熱管内で管肉厚測定装置1が水から受ける抵抗も低減され安定した移動が可能になる。 Further, the first fixed portion 15a includes a chamfered portion 26 formed into a curved surface by chamfering the outer peripheral portion and the corner portion of the surface opposite to the second fixed portion 15b in the axial direction Da. (See FIGS. 2, 3, and 6). The chamfering section 26 prevents the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1 from being caught by a back wave or the like protruding inside the heat transfer tube 2 and becoming difficult to move when the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1 is recovered from the heat transfer tube 2. be able to. Therefore, the tube wall thickness measuring system 100 can wind the cable 3 by the cable winding device 9 and collect the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 at high speed. In addition, the resistance that the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 receives from water in the heat transfer tube at the time of recovery is reduced, and stable movement is possible.

　さらに、第一固定部１５ａは、軸線方向Ｄａにおいて、第二固定部１５ｂと反対側の面に、第二固定部１５ｂに向かう螺子孔２８（第二の螺子孔）を備えている。螺子孔２８に頭部を持つ雄螺子の螺子２９（第二の螺子）が螺合且つ固定されることで、軸線方向Ｄａから見て、あるいは径方向Ｄｒで見て、螺子２９の頭部の一部が中心軸に向かって貫通孔２４ａにはみ出すよう設計される（図３、図４参照）。
　この構成により、管肉厚測定装置１を伝熱管２から回収する際、仮に固定部１５の貫通孔２４ａから円筒部１４が抜けそうになっても、螺子２９の頭部が円筒部１４の一部に確実に引っ掛かる。従って、固定部１５の貫通孔２４ａから円筒部１４が抜けるのを防止することができる。そのため、管肉厚測定システム１００は、ケーブル巻取装置９によりケーブル３を巻き取って管肉厚測定装置１の全ての構成を確実に回収することができる。 Further, the first fixing portion 15a is provided with a screw hole 28 (second screw hole) facing the second fixing portion 15b on the surface opposite to the second fixing portion 15b in the axial direction Da. By screwing and fixing the male screw screw 29 (second screw) having a head in the screw hole 28, the head of the screw 29 can be seen from the axial direction Da or the radial direction Dr. A part is designed to protrude into the through hole 24a toward the central axis (see FIGS. 3 and 4).
With this configuration, when the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 is recovered from the heat transfer tube 2, even if the cylindrical portion 14 is about to come out from the through hole 24a of the fixing portion 15, the head of the screw 29 is one of the cylindrical portions 14. It will surely get caught in the part. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the cylindrical portion 14 from coming out of the through hole 24a of the fixing portion 15. Therefore, the pipe wall thickness measuring system 100 can surely recover all the configurations of the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1 by winding the cable 3 by the cable winding device 9.

　では、移動部１６について、説明する。
　移動部１６は、第二固定部１５ｂと同様の形状である。移動部１６の軸線方向Ｄａの寸法は、第二固定部１５ｂの約１/３程度である。
　移動部１６は、円筒部１４の中心軸と同軸の中心軸をもつ円柱状の貫通孔２４（２４ｂ）を備える。貫通孔２４ｂの直径は、円筒部１４の外径と実質的に同一であるため、円筒部１４を貫通孔２４ｂに挿入することができる。
　ただし、固定部１５と異なり、移動部１６は、円筒部１４の外周面に接触しながら容易かつ滑らかに移動可能である。すなわち、貫通孔２４の直径は、円筒部１４の外径と実質的に同一であるが、固定部１５の貫通孔２４（２４ａ）と移動部１６の貫通孔２４（２４ｂ）の直径は同一である必要はない。移動部１６の貫通孔２４ｂの直径は、固定部１５の貫通孔２４ａの直径よりもやや大きく（例えば、数マイクロメートル（μｍ）程度大きく）設計してもよい。
　移動部１６には、付勢部材１８の他端が固定される係止部２７（２７ｂ）が、第一固定部１５ａの係止部２７（２７ａ）に対応して複数配置される（図６参照）。
　なお、付勢部材１８は、その一端が第一固定部１５ａの係止部２７ａに接続且つ固定され、その他端が移動部１６の係止部２７ｂに接続且つ固定されて、固定部１５と移動部１６を互いに近づける方向に付勢する。 Then, the moving part 16 will be described.
The moving portion 16 has the same shape as the second fixed portion 15b. The dimension of the moving portion 16 in the axial direction Da is about 1/3 of that of the second fixed portion 15b.
The moving portion 16 includes a columnar through hole 24 (24b) having a central axis coaxial with the central axis of the cylindrical portion 14. Since the diameter of the through hole 24b is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 14, the cylindrical portion 14 can be inserted into the through hole 24b.
However, unlike the fixed portion 15, the moving portion 16 can easily and smoothly move while contacting the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 14. That is, the diameter of the through hole 24 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 14, but the diameter of the through hole 24 (24a) of the fixed portion 15 and the diameter of the through hole 24 (24b) of the moving portion 16 are the same. It doesn't have to be. The diameter of the through hole 24b of the moving portion 16 may be designed to be slightly larger than the diameter of the through hole 24a of the fixing portion 15 (for example, about several micrometers (μm) larger).
A plurality of locking portions 27 (27b) to which the other end of the urging member 18 is fixed are arranged in the moving portion 16 corresponding to the locking portions 27 (27a) of the first fixing portion 15a (FIG. 6). reference).
One end of the urging member 18 is connected to and fixed to the locking portion 27a of the first fixing portion 15a, and the other end is connected to and fixed to the locking portion 27b of the moving portion 16 to move with the fixing portion 15. The portions 16 are urged to approach each other.

　移動部１６は、軸線方向Ｄａに貫通する螺子孔３０（第一の螺子孔）を備えている。軸線方向Ｄａにおいて、第二固定部１５ｂと反対側の面から、螺子孔３０に雄螺子の螺子３１（第一の螺子）が螺合される。螺子孔３０に螺子３１を螺合した際、螺子３１の頭部が円筒部１４に接触しないように、螺子３１が適切に選定される（図３、図５参照）。また、螺子３１は、軸線方向Ｄａにおいて、移動部１６の寸法よりも所定長だけ長いものが選定される（図３参照）。
　この構成により、螺子孔３０に螺子３１を螺合した際、螺子３１の先端を移動部１６から第二固定部１５ｂに向けて突出させることができる。
　後述するように、軸線方向Ｄａに移動部１６が固定部１５に近づくことで、全ての伸縮機構１７が伸びて拡がる。管肉厚測定装置１では、移動部１６が固定部１５に接触する場合に、伸縮機構１７が最も拡がる。
　従って、上述のように、螺子３１の先端を移動部１６から突出させ、当該先端を含んで移動部１６から出ている螺子３１の部分（以下、「先端部」という）の長さを適宜調節することで、当該先端部が、移動部１６と固定部１５が互いに近づくのを防止する「つっかえ棒」または「突っ張り棒」の機能を果たす。その結果として、伸縮機構１７が拡がる範囲を狭めることができる。従って、伝熱管２の内壁直径や伝熱管２の内壁から突出した溶接個所（例えば、裏波）の内側に応じた寸法に、伸縮機構１７の拡がる範囲を制限可能である。そのため、管肉厚測定装置１及びこれを用いた管肉厚測定システム１００は、直径の異なる多数の伝熱管２の肉厚や伝熱管２の内壁から突出した溶接個所（例えば、裏波）を乗り越えた先のより長い距離の肉厚を適切に測定することができる。 The moving portion 16 includes a screw hole 30 (first screw hole) penetrating in the axial direction Da. In the axial direction Da, the male screw screw 31 (first screw) is screwed into the screw hole 30 from the surface opposite to the second fixing portion 15b. When the screw 31 is screwed into the screw hole 30, the screw 31 is appropriately selected so that the head of the screw 31 does not come into contact with the cylindrical portion 14 (see FIGS. 3 and 5). Further, the screw 31 is selected to be longer than the dimension of the moving portion 16 by a predetermined length in the axial direction Da (see FIG. 3).
With this configuration, when the screw 31 is screwed into the screw hole 30, the tip of the screw 31 can be projected from the moving portion 16 toward the second fixing portion 15b.
As will be described later, when the moving portion 16 approaches the fixed portion 15 in the axial direction Da, all the expansion / contraction mechanisms 17 extend and expand. In the tube wall thickness measuring device 1, when the moving portion 16 comes into contact with the fixing portion 15, the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 expands most.
Therefore, as described above, the tip of the screw 31 is projected from the moving portion 16, and the length of the portion of the screw 31 (hereinafter, referred to as “tip portion”) including the tip and protruding from the moving portion 16 is appropriately adjusted. By doing so, the tip portion functions as a "replacement rod" or a "tension rod" that prevents the moving portion 16 and the fixing portion 15 from approaching each other. As a result, the expansion range of the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 can be narrowed. Therefore, it is possible to limit the expanding range of the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 to the size corresponding to the diameter of the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 2 and the inside of the welded portion (for example, the back wave) protruding from the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 2. Therefore, the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1 and the pipe wall thickness measuring system 100 using the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1 have a large number of heat transfer tubes 2 having different diameters and welded points (for example, back waves) protruding from the inner wall of the heat transfer tubes 2. It is possible to appropriately measure the wall thickness of a longer distance after getting over.

　では、最後に、伸縮機構１７について、説明する。ここでは、管肉厚測定装置１が、周方向Ｄｃに等間隔に配置された３つの伸縮機構１７を備える例を示す。しかし、周方向Ｄｃに等間隔に配置されるのであれば、仕様に応じて、管肉厚測定装置１が３つ以上（例えば、４つ、５つ、などの複数）の伸縮機構１７を備えてもよい。
　伸縮機構１７は、両端に車輪１９が配置された棒状の平行脚部２０と、平行脚部２０と固定部１５とを接続する棒状かつ回動可能な第一リンク２１と、第一リンク２１と異なる箇所で平行脚部２０と固定部１５とを接続する棒状かつ回動可能な第二リンク２２と、第二リンク２２と移動部１６とを接続する棒状かつ回動可能な第三リンク２３を備えている。
　平行脚部２０の長さは、可能な範囲で移動部１６を固定部１５から最も離した状態（伸縮機構１７を最も縮めた状態）において、軸線方向Ｄａにおける固定部１５からセンサ部１３までの長さとほぼ同一に設計される。平行脚部２０の両端の形状は、車輪１９を回転可能に挟み込む「コ」の字状の形状である。
　第一リンク２１と第二リンク２２は、第二固定部１５ｂの上記側面に回動可能に固定される。ただし、第一リンク２１と第二リンク２２の固定箇所は、軸線方向Ｄａにおいてそれぞれ異なる箇所である。これら２箇所を比べた場合、第一リンク２１は移動部１６に近く且つ第一固定部１５ａより遠く、第二リンク２２は移動部１６より遠く且つ第一固定部１５ａに近くなるよう配置される。
　また、第一リンク２１と第二リンク２２は、互いに交差しないように、平行脚部２０に回動可能に固定される。
　第三リンク２３は、一対の棒状の部材を備える。これらの一端が上記側面に対応する移動部１６の側面に回動可能に固定される。また、これらの他端は、第二リンク２２が第二固定部１５ｂに固定された箇所から少し離れた箇所（第二リンク２２の中間付近）で第二リンクを挟み、回動可能に第二リンクに固定される。なお、これら一対の棒状の部材は、第一リンク２１の両脇に配置されるが、第一リンク２１に接触しないよう設計される。 Finally, the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 will be described. Here, an example is shown in which the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 includes three expansion / contraction mechanisms 17 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction Dc. However, if they are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction Dc, the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 is provided with three or more (for example, four, five, etc.) expansion / contraction mechanisms 17 according to the specifications. You may.
The expansion / contraction mechanism 17 includes a rod-shaped parallel leg portion 20 having wheels 19 arranged at both ends, a rod-shaped and rotatable first link 21 connecting the parallel leg portion 20 and the fixing portion 15, and the first link 21. A rod-shaped and rotatable second link 22 that connects the parallel leg portion 20 and the fixing portion 15 at different locations, and a rod-shaped and rotatable third link 23 that connects the second link 22 and the moving portion 16. I have.
The length of the parallel leg portion 20 is from the fixed portion 15 to the sensor portion 13 in the axial direction Da in the state where the moving portion 16 is farthest from the fixed portion 15 (the state in which the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 is most contracted) within the possible range. Designed to be about the same length. The shape of both ends of the parallel leg portion 20 is a "U" shape that rotatably sandwiches the wheel 19.
The first link 21 and the second link 22 are rotatably fixed to the side surface of the second fixing portion 15b. However, the fixed locations of the first link 21 and the second link 22 are different locations in the axial direction Da. When comparing these two locations, the first link 21 is arranged so as to be closer to the moving portion 16 and farther than the first fixed portion 15a, and the second link 22 is arranged to be farther than the moving portion 16 and closer to the first fixed portion 15a. ..
Further, the first link 21 and the second link 22 are rotatably fixed to the parallel leg portion 20 so as not to intersect each other.
The third link 23 includes a pair of rod-shaped members. One end of these is rotatably fixed to the side surface of the moving portion 16 corresponding to the side surface. Further, the other ends of these are rotatably second by sandwiching the second link at a position slightly separated from the position where the second link 22 is fixed to the second fixing portion 15b (near the middle of the second link 22). Fixed to the link. Although these pair of rod-shaped members are arranged on both sides of the first link 21, they are designed so as not to come into contact with the first link 21.

　以上のように各伸縮機構１７が構成されており、また、第一固定部１５ａの係止部２７ａと移動部１６の係止部２７ｂに付勢部材１８の両端がそれぞれ接続される。そのため、管肉厚測定装置１を軸線方向Ｄａ（長さ方向）に小型化できた。
　従って、伝熱管に小さい「曲げ半径」の屈曲箇所がある場合でも、管肉厚測定装置１は当該屈曲箇所を通過することができる。このため、管肉厚測定装置１及びこれを用いた管肉厚測定システム１００は、従来の技術では肉厚計測が不可能であった小さな「曲げ半径」で屈曲した伝熱管であっても肉厚測定可能である。そのため、肉厚測定の対象となる伝熱管の数を増加させることができる。
　また、この小型化により、ガイド管１０の先端に管肉厚測定装置１を収納することができる。その結果、管寄せ６内で管肉厚測定装置１を不具合なく測定対象の伝熱管の位置まで移動させることができる。 As described above, each expansion / contraction mechanism 17 is configured, and both ends of the urging member 18 are connected to the locking portion 27a of the first fixing portion 15a and the locking portion 27b of the moving portion 16, respectively. Therefore, the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 can be miniaturized in the axial direction Da (length direction).
Therefore, even if the heat transfer tube has a bent portion having a small “bending radius”, the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1 can pass through the bent portion. Therefore, the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 and the tube wall thickness measuring system 100 using the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 have a wall thickness even if the heat transfer tube is bent with a small "bending radius", which is impossible to measure the wall thickness by the conventional technique. Thickness can be measured. Therefore, the number of heat transfer tubes to be measured for wall thickness can be increased.
Further, due to this miniaturization, the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1 can be housed at the tip of the guide pipe 10. As a result, the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1 can be moved to the position of the heat transfer tube to be measured without any trouble in the pipe gathering 6.

　また、伸縮機構１７は、管肉厚測定装置１または管肉厚測定システム１００が水浸ＵＴを行う際、次のように動作する。
　まず、管肉厚測定システム１００では、付勢部材１８を伸ばし、可能な範囲で移動部１６を固定部１５から離した状態（図６に示す伸縮機構１７を最も縮めた状態）の管肉厚測定装置１が、ガイド管１０の先端に収納される。
　この時、付勢部材１８が伸ばされると、全ての平行脚部２０は、軸線方向Ｄａから見て同じ距離、且つ、互いに平行に同時に移動して円筒部１４に近づき、車輪１９が収容溝２５に収容される。すなわち、ガイド管１０の先端に管肉厚測定装置１が収納された状態が、径方向Ｄｒで見て管肉厚測定装置１が最も小さくなる。言い換えれば、各々の伸縮機構１７が最も縮んだ状態である（図５、図６参照）。
　次に、管肉厚測定システム１００では、管肉厚測定装置１を収納したガイド管１０を管寄せ６から挿入し、ガイド管１０の先端を所定の伝熱管２の位置に合わせる。その後、ガイド管１０の先端に収納した管肉厚測定装置１を放し、管肉厚測定装置１を所定の伝熱管２の内部に投下する。
　この時、ガイド管１０の先端から管肉厚測定装置１が離れると、付勢部材１８は自らの力で縮み、移動部１６が固定部１５に近づく。従って、全ての平行脚部２０が、径方向Ｄｒで見て同じ距離、且つ、互いに平行に同時に移動して、円筒部１４から離れる。付勢部材１８の力で、移動部１６が固定部１５に接触（または、螺子３１の先端部が移動部１６から出ている場合は当該先端部が固定部１５に接触）した状態が、軸線方向Ｄａから見て管肉厚測定装置１が最も大きくなる。すなわち、各々の伸縮機構１７が互いに可能な限り最も伸びて拡がった状態である（図２、図４参照）。伸縮機構１７が互いに可能な限り最も広がった状態で、全ての伸縮機構１７の車輪１９が伝熱管２の内壁に接触するよう設計（または、螺子３１の先端部の長さが調節）される。そのため、管肉厚測定装置１のセンサ部１３は伝熱管２の中心軸上に確実に配置される。 Further, the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 operates as follows when the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1 or the pipe wall thickness measuring system 100 performs water immersion UT.
First, in the tube wall thickness measuring system 100, the tube wall thickness in a state where the urging member 18 is extended and the moving portion 16 is separated from the fixed portion 15 as much as possible (the state in which the expansion / contraction mechanism 17 shown in FIG. 6 is most contracted). The measuring device 1 is housed in the tip of the guide tube 10.
At this time, when the urging member 18 is extended, all the parallel leg portions 20 move at the same distance from the axial direction Da and simultaneously in parallel with each other to approach the cylindrical portion 14, and the wheels 19 move into the accommodating groove 25. Is housed in. That is, when the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 is housed at the tip of the guide tube 10, the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 is the smallest when viewed in the radial direction Dr. In other words, each expansion / contraction mechanism 17 is in the most contracted state (see FIGS. 5 and 6).
Next, in the tube wall thickness measuring system 100, the guide tube 10 containing the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 is inserted from the tube gathering 6, and the tip of the guide tube 10 is aligned with the position of the predetermined heat transfer tube 2. After that, the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 housed at the tip of the guide tube 10 is released, and the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 is dropped into the predetermined heat transfer tube 2.
At this time, when the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1 is separated from the tip of the guide pipe 10, the urging member 18 contracts by its own force, and the moving portion 16 approaches the fixed portion 15. Therefore, all the parallel leg portions 20 move at the same distance in the radial direction Dr and at the same time in parallel with each other, and separate from the cylindrical portion 14. The axis is in a state where the moving portion 16 is in contact with the fixing portion 15 by the force of the urging member 18 (or, when the tip portion of the screw 31 is protruding from the moving portion 16, the tip portion is in contact with the fixing portion 15). The tube wall thickness measuring device 1 is the largest when viewed from the direction Da. That is, each of the expansion / contraction mechanisms 17 is in a state of being extended and expanded as much as possible (see FIGS. 2 and 4). The wheels 19 of all the telescopic mechanisms 17 are designed to come into contact with the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 2 (or the length of the tip of the screw 31 is adjusted) so that the telescopic mechanisms 17 are spread as far as possible from each other. Therefore, the sensor unit 13 of the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 is reliably arranged on the central axis of the heat transfer tube 2.

　その後、管肉厚測定システム１００は、ケーブル巻取装置９からケーブルを引き出して、水で満たされた伝熱管２の奥深くの所定位置まで管肉厚測定装置１を沈降させる。
　その後、管肉厚測定システム１００は、管肉厚測定装置１のセンサ部１３を起動し、ケーブル巻取装置９によりケーブル３を一定速度で巻き取りつつ、伝熱管２の肉厚を測定する。
　管肉厚測定システム１００が伝熱管２の肉厚を測定する際、設計の都合上、管肉厚測定装置１が、伝熱管２の直径が広い箇所からやや狭い箇所に移動する場合がある。この場合においても、管肉厚測定装置１の全ての伸縮機構１７は、互いに連動かつ同期して同じように縮まりながら伝熱管２の内壁に接触する。そのため、センサ部１３は、伝熱管２の中心軸上に正確に配置される。
　以上のように、伝熱管２の肉厚を測定する際、管肉厚測定装置１は、センサ部１３を伝熱管２の中心軸上から逸脱させず、当該中心軸上に適切に配置する。従って、管肉厚測定システム１００は、管肉厚測定装置１によって正確に伝熱管２の肉厚を計測することができる。 After that, the tube wall thickness measuring system 100 pulls out the cable from the cable winding device 9 and setstles the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 to a predetermined position deep inside the heat transfer tube 2 filled with water.
After that, the tube wall thickness measuring system 100 activates the sensor unit 13 of the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 and measures the wall thickness of the heat transfer tube 2 while winding the cable 3 at a constant speed by the cable winding device 9.
When the tube wall thickness measuring system 100 measures the wall thickness of the heat transfer tube 2, the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 may move from a portion having a large diameter to a portion having a slightly narrow diameter of the heat transfer tube 2 for the convenience of design. Even in this case, all the expansion / contraction mechanisms 17 of the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 come into contact with the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 2 while interlocking with each other and synchronizing with each other and contracting in the same manner. Therefore, the sensor unit 13 is accurately arranged on the central axis of the heat transfer tube 2.
As described above, when measuring the wall thickness of the heat transfer tube 2, the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 does not deviate from the central axis of the heat transfer tube 2 and appropriately arranges the sensor unit 13 on the central axis. Therefore, the pipe wall thickness measuring system 100 can accurately measure the wall thickness of the heat transfer tube 2 by the pipe wall thickness measuring device 1.

　また、上述した管肉厚測定装置１の構成によれば、管肉厚測定システム１００がケーブル３を巻き取って管肉厚測定装置１を回収する際、伝熱管２の裏波などに、一部の平行脚部２０が引っ掛かった場合、ケーブル３が巻き取られて引っ張られる力は、当該平行脚部２０が移動困難となったことで、固定部１５、第二リンク２２、第三リンク２３を介して移動部１６に伝達され、移動部１６を固定部１５から遠ざける方向に働く。このため、軸線方向Ｄａから見て、当該引っ掛かった平行脚部２０は伝熱管２の中心軸に向かって移動するので、当該引っ掛かった平行脚部２０は裏波などの障壁を乗り越えることができる。
　従って、管肉厚測定システム１００は、管肉厚測定装置１を確実に回収することができる。 Further, according to the configuration of the tube wall thickness measuring device 1 described above, when the tube wall thickness measuring system 100 winds up the cable 3 and collects the tube wall thickness measuring device 1, the back wave of the heat transfer tube 2 or the like is affected. When the parallel leg portion 20 of the portion is caught, the force by which the cable 3 is wound and pulled is that the parallel leg portion 20 becomes difficult to move, so that the fixed portion 15, the second link 22, and the third link 23 It is transmitted to the moving portion 16 via the above, and works in the direction of moving the moving portion 16 away from the fixed portion 15. Therefore, when viewed from the axial direction Da, the caught parallel leg 20 moves toward the central axis of the heat transfer tube 2, so that the caught parallel leg 20 can overcome a barrier such as a back wave.
Therefore, the tube wall thickness measuring system 100 can reliably collect the tube wall thickness measuring device 1.

　以上、本発明の実施形態について詳述したが、本発明の技術範囲は実施形態に限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計変更等も含まれる。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and includes design changes and the like within a range that does not deviate from the gist of the present invention.

　本発明の管肉厚測定装置によれば、少なくとも３つの伸縮機構が、移動部の移動に伴って、径方向に同じ距離で拡がる。従って、超音波プローブを伝熱管の中心軸上に適切に配置して正確に水浸ＵＴを実施することができる。
　また、各伸縮機構は、固定部と移動部を接続する付勢部材が伸びることで縮み、付勢部材が縮むことで拡がる構成である。そのため、管肉厚測定装置を伝熱管の中心軸の軸線の長さ方向に小型化することができる。このため、水浸ＵＴを実施可能な伝熱管の数を増加することが可能となる。
　従って、超音波プローブを伝熱管の中心軸上に適切に配置して正確に水浸ＵＴを実施することができ、且つ、伝熱管の中心軸の軸線の長さ方向に小型化を図り、水浸ＵＴを実施可能な伝熱管の数を増加することが可能な管肉厚測定装置及び当該装置を用いた管肉厚測定システムを提供することができる。 According to the tube wall thickness measuring apparatus of the present invention, at least three expansion / contraction mechanisms expand in the radial direction by the same distance as the moving portion moves. Therefore, the ultrasonic probe can be appropriately arranged on the central axis of the heat transfer tube to accurately carry out the water immersion UT.
Further, each expansion / contraction mechanism has a configuration in which the urging member connecting the fixed portion and the moving portion expands to contract, and the urging member contracts to expand. Therefore, the tube wall thickness measuring device can be miniaturized in the length direction of the axis of the central axis of the heat transfer tube. Therefore, it is possible to increase the number of heat transfer tubes that can carry out water immersion UT.
Therefore, the ultrasonic probe can be appropriately arranged on the central axis of the heat transfer tube to accurately carry out the water immersion UT, and the size of the water can be reduced in the length direction of the axis of the central axis of the heat transfer tube. It is possible to provide a tube wall thickness measuring device capable of increasing the number of heat transfer tubes capable of performing immersion UT, and a tube wall thickness measuring system using the device.

１…管肉厚測定装置
２…伝熱管
３…ケーブル
４…分析装置
５…表示装置
６…管寄せ
７…歩廊
８…管台
９…ケーブル巻取装置
１０…ガイド管
１１…ワイヤ操作装置
１２…作業台
１３…センサ部
１４…円筒部
１５…固定部（１５ａ…第一固定部、１５ｂ…第二固定部）
１６…移動部
１７…伸縮機構
１８…付勢部材
１９…車輪
２０…平行脚部
２１…第一リンク
２２…第二リンク
２３…第三リンク
２４（２４ａ、２４ｂ）…貫通孔
２５…収容溝
２６…面取部
２７（２７ａ、２７ｂ）…係止部
２８…螺子孔（第二の螺子孔）
２９…螺子（第二の螺子）
３０…螺子孔（第一の螺子孔）
３１…螺子（第一の螺子）
１００…管肉厚測定システム
Ｄａ…軸線方向（伝熱管２の中心軸の方向）
Ｄｃ…周方向（伝熱管２の中心軸に垂直な断面において、中心軸周りの方向）
Ｄｒ…径方向（伝熱管２の中心軸に垂直な方向） 1 ... Tube wall thickness measuring device 2 ... Heat transfer tube 3 ... Cable 4 ... Analytical device 5 ... Display device 6 ... Tube gathering 7 ... Corridor 8 ... Tube stand 9 ... Cable winding device 10 ... Guide tube 11 ... Wire operating device 12 ... Worktable 13 ... Sensor part 14 ... Cylindrical part 15 ... Fixed part (15a ... First fixed part, 15b ... Second fixed part)
16 ... Moving portion 17 ... Telescopic mechanism 18 ... Biasing member 19 ... Wheel 20 ... Parallel leg portion 21 ... First link 22 ... Second link 23 ... Third link 24 (24a, 24b) ... Through hole 25 ... Accommodating groove 26 ... Chamfering portion 27 (27a, 27b) ... Locking portion 28 ... Screw hole (second screw hole)
29 ... Screw (second screw)
30 ... Screw hole (first screw hole)
31 ... Screw (first screw)
100 ... Tube wall thickness measurement system Da ... Axial direction (direction of the central axis of the heat transfer tube 2)
Dc ... Circumferential direction (direction around the central axis in the cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the heat transfer tube 2)
Dr ... Radial direction (direction perpendicular to the central axis of the heat transfer tube 2)

Claims (6)

1. 　伝熱管の肉厚を測定する管肉厚測定装置であって、
   　前記伝熱管の管壁に超音波を発振し且つ前記管壁で反射する超音波を受信するセンサ部と、前記センサ部を固定する円筒部とを備えた超音波プローブと、
   　前記円筒部が挿通され、前記円筒部を固定する固定部と、
   　前記円筒部が挿通され、前記固定部に対して移動可能な移動部と、
   　前記円筒部の周方向に等間隔に配置され、前記固定部と前記移動部に接続された少なくとも３つの伸縮機構と、
   　前記周方向で隣り合う２つの前記伸縮機構の間に配置され、前記固定部と前記移動部を接続する付勢部材と
   　を有し、
   　前記伸縮機構は、
   　　両端に車輪が配置された棒状の平行脚部と、
   　　前記平行脚部と前記固定部とをそれぞれ異なる箇所で接続する棒状かつ回動可能な第一リンク及び第二リンクと、
   　　前記第二リンクと前記移動部とを接続する棒状かつ回動可能な第三リンクと
   　を備え、
   　前記付勢部材が伸びて前記移動部が前記固定部から離れることで、全ての前記平行脚部は、前記円筒部の径方向に同じ距離且つ互いに平行に移動して前記円筒部に近づき、
   　前記付勢部材が縮んで前記移動部が前記固定部に近づくことで、全ての前記平行脚部は、前記径方向に同じ距離且つ互いに平行に移動して前記円筒部から離れること
   　を特徴とする管肉厚測定装置。 A tube wall thickness measuring device that measures the wall thickness of heat transfer tubes.
   An ultrasonic probe including a sensor unit that oscillates ultrasonic waves on the tube wall of the heat transfer tube and receives ultrasonic waves reflected by the tube wall, and a cylindrical portion that fixes the sensor unit.
   A fixing portion through which the cylindrical portion is inserted and fixing the cylindrical portion,
   A moving portion through which the cylindrical portion is inserted and movable with respect to the fixed portion,
   At least three telescopic mechanisms arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion and connected to the fixed portion and the moving portion, and
   It is arranged between the two telescopic mechanisms adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and has an urging member for connecting the fixed portion and the moving portion.
   The expansion and contraction mechanism
   Rod-shaped parallel legs with wheels on both ends,
   Rod-shaped and rotatable first and second links that connect the parallel legs and the fixed parts at different locations,
   A rod-shaped and rotatable third link that connects the second link and the moving portion is provided.
   When the urging member extends and the moving portion separates from the fixed portion, all the parallel legs move in the same distance in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion and in parallel with each other to approach the cylindrical portion.
   When the urging member contracts and the moving portion approaches the fixed portion, all the parallel leg portions move in the same radial direction and in parallel with each other and separate from the cylindrical portion. Tube wall thickness measuring device.
2. 　第一の螺子をさらに有し、
   　前記移動部は、前記円筒部が挿通される方向に貫通し、且つ、前記第一の螺子に螺合する第一の螺子孔を備え、
   　前記第一の螺子の先端を前記第一の螺子孔から前記移動部と前記固定部の間に突出させることで、前記付勢部材が縮んで前記移動部が前記固定部に近づく際、前記移動部は、前記先端で止まり、前記平行脚部が前記円筒部から離れる範囲は狭まること
   　を特徴とする請求項１に記載の管肉厚測定装置。 Has an additional first screw,
   The moving portion includes a first screw hole that penetrates in the direction in which the cylindrical portion is inserted and is screwed into the first screw.
   By projecting the tip of the first screw from the first screw hole between the moving portion and the fixing portion, the urging member contracts and the moving portion approaches the fixing portion. The tube wall thickness measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the portion stops at the tip thereof, and the range in which the parallel leg portion is separated from the cylindrical portion is narrowed.
3. 　第二の螺子をさらに有し、
   　前記固定部は、前記移動部に対向する面と反対側の面から、前記円筒部が挿通される方向に、前記第二の螺子に螺合する第二の螺子孔を備え、
   　前記第二の螺子の頭部が前記円筒部の一部を引掛けること
   　を特徴とする請求項２に記載の管肉厚測定装置。 Has a second screw,
   The fixing portion includes a second screw hole that is screwed into the second screw in a direction in which the cylindrical portion is inserted from a surface opposite to the surface facing the moving portion.
   The tube wall thickness measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the head of the second screw hooks a part of the cylindrical portion.
4. 　前記付勢部材は、バネまたはゴムであって、前記移動部と前記固定部が近づくように付勢すること
   　を特徴とする請求項１から請求項３のいずれか一項に記載の管肉厚測定装置。 The pipe wall thickness according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the urging member is a spring or rubber and urges the moving portion and the fixing portion so as to approach each other. measuring device.
5. 　前記固定部は、全ての前記平行脚部の各々の位置に対応して前記径方向に凹んだ複数の収容溝をさらに備え、
   　前記付勢部材が伸びて前記移動部が前記固定部から離れることで、全ての前記平行脚部が各々に対応する前記収容溝に収容されること
   　を特徴とする請求項４に記載の管肉厚測定装置。 The fixing portion further comprises a plurality of accommodating grooves recessed in the radial direction corresponding to each position of all the parallel legs.
   The tube meat according to claim 4, wherein all the parallel legs are accommodated in the corresponding accommodating grooves by extending the urging member and separating the moving portion from the fixing portion. Thickness measuring device.
6. 　伝熱管の肉厚を測定する管肉厚測定システムであって、
   　請求項１から請求項５のいずれか一項に記載の管肉厚測定装置と、
   　一端が前記円筒部に接続されたケーブルと、
   　前記ケーブルの他端に接続された分析装置と、
   　前記分析装置が演算した結果を表示する表示装置と
   　を有し、
   　前記分析装置は、前記センサ部が受信した超音波に基づいて前記演算を行い、前記結果である前記伝熱管の肉厚に関する情報を前記表示装置に表示させること
   　を特徴とする管肉厚測定システム。
   　 A tube wall thickness measurement system that measures the wall thickness of heat transfer tubes.
   The tube wall thickness measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
   A cable whose one end is connected to the cylindrical portion,
   An analyzer connected to the other end of the cable and
   It has a display device that displays the result of calculation by the analyzer.
   The analyzer is characterized in that the calculation is performed based on the ultrasonic waves received by the sensor unit, and the information regarding the wall thickness of the heat transfer tube, which is the result, is displayed on the display device. ..
   

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