WO2021039377A1 - Electric power converting device - Google Patents

Electric power converting device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021039377A1
WO2021039377A1 PCT/JP2020/030580 JP2020030580W WO2021039377A1 WO 2021039377 A1 WO2021039377 A1 WO 2021039377A1 JP 2020030580 W JP2020030580 W JP 2020030580W WO 2021039377 A1 WO2021039377 A1 WO 2021039377A1
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power conversion
data
control
conversion device
white list
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PCT/JP2020/030580
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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山本　啓
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株式会社日立産機システム
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power conversion device having a fraudulent data detection function.
  • Patent Document 1 describes, "In a plant instrumentation system 100 including a check device 6 installed via an information network 4 connected to a monitoring operation device 5, a data processing device 3, and a control device 1 via a plant network 2 connected to these.
  • the check device 6 creates screen data 11 and output data 10 as prediction data based on the control data 7 output by the monitoring operation device 5, and together with the screen data 11A which is the actual plant data 8 output by the control device 1.
  • the output data 10A is input via the information network 4, and the predicted data is compared with the actual plant data 8 to detect the presence or absence of an abnormality in the data processing device 3. ”
  • Patent Document 1 detects whether or not the control data has been tampered with before and after the data processing device as the relay device, and is the control data input to the data processing device as the relay device and the control result of the control device. Since the plant data and the prediction data from the same control data are compared, if the control data itself before entering the data processing device is invalid data, it cannot be detected.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a power conversion device having a fraudulent data detection function.
  • the present invention is a power conversion device having a network function, and has a configuration including a fraudulent data detection unit that detects fraudulent data coming in via a network.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which showed the connection state of each device in the power conversion system of Example 1.
  • FIG. It is a circuit diagram of the control unit 14 of the first embodiment. It is a flowchart of the power conversion apparatus of Example 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a connection state of each device in the power conversion system in this embodiment.
  • the present invention is not limited to these forms.
  • a general-purpose AC voltage source is rectified to a DC voltage, and the DC voltage is converted into an AC voltage by PWM control performed by a switching circuit composed of a power device and output.
  • the general-purpose power conversion device is referred to as a power conversion device in the following description.
  • an AC voltage is applied from a three-phase output shaft of a main circuit 11 composed of a power device such as an IGBT to the motor 12 by receiving an external power supply (not shown), and the output shaft of the motor 12 A fan 13 is connected to the device as a load, for example.
  • the main circuit 11 of the power conversion device 10 is switched and controlled by a control unit 14 built in the power conversion device 10.
  • the power conversion device 10 includes current sensors 15 and 16 which are current detection units built in the output units of two of the three output phases of the main circuit 11, and the signal outputs of the current sensors 15 and 16 are control units. It is input to 14 and used for controlling the power conversion device 10.
  • the current sensor is set as the output phase, but a method of detecting the current in the DC portion of the main circuit 11 may also be used.
  • the power conversion device 10 is connected to the communication network 17 and has a configuration capable of communicating with the master controller 18 via the communication network.
  • the communication network 17 is, for example, a communication line inside a production factory, and has the technology described in serial communication, Ethernet (registered trademark), or IEC 61158.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the control unit 14.
  • the control unit 14 includes a network function unit NT that communicates with the communication network 17, an fraud detection unit ERD that detects whether the control command received by the network function unit is invalid, and a main circuit transmission unit PT that transmits the control command to the main circuit 11. It has.
  • the fraud detection unit ERD has a white list WL that defines a combination of control data that is considered to be normal control, and a comparison unit CP that detects fraud data when it does not correspond to the white list WL.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the power conversion device of the first embodiment. This flowchart is repeated, and the reception of the control command and the control of the power conversion device are repeated.
  • the network function unit NT receives a control command from the network (step 101).
  • a control command from the network (step 101).
  • the control command is not limited to that. Absent.
  • the fraud detection unit ERD determines the learning period (step 102).
  • a parameter indicating during or outside the learning period is provided as a parameter of the power conversion device, and the user is asked to set the parameter, and this parameter is used for determining the learning period.
  • the user when the user wants to end the learning period, the user resets the parameter outside the learning period, but there is a risk that the user forgets to reset the parameter and always uses it during the learning period. There is sex. Therefore, the user may be able to select two parameters for setting the start of the learning period and the time of the learning period, instead of the parameters indicating during the learning period and outside the learning period. After setting the start of the learning period, it is considered to be during the learning period until the time of the learning period elapses, and outside the learning period after the time of the learning period elapses. As a result, it is possible to prevent the setting from being returned outside the learning period.
  • the fraud detection unit ERD registers the received control command in the white list WL (database) during the learning period (step 103).
  • the data to be registered at this time may be only the control command, but if there are important parameters for the power converter such as acceleration time and deceleration time, these information set in the power converter when the control command is received are also included. You may register it in the database. What is important here is that the user of the power conversion device 10 visually confirms the operation of the power conversion device according to the control command, and processes while confirming whether the control command can be accumulated in the white list. Is the point where
  • the main circuit transmission unit PT receives the control command from the fraud detection unit ERD and transmits the control command to the main circuit 11 (step 104).
  • the comparison unit CP of the fraud detection unit ERD detects fraudulent data by comparing whether or not the received control command has been registered in the white list WL (database) when it is not in the learning period (step 105). If it has already been registered in the white list, the control command is sent to the main circuit transmitter PT.
  • the main circuit transmission unit PT receives the control command from the fraud detection unit ERD and transmits the control command to the main circuit 11 (step 104).
  • the fraud detection unit ERD If the fraud detection unit ERD is not registered in the white list WL, it detects it as fraudulent data and starts fraudulent data countermeasure control (step 106).
  • This fraudulent data countermeasure control is a control set in advance by the user, such as trip, trip after deceleration stop, ignore, free run stop, deceleration stop, and the like. Specifically, the fraud detection unit ERD transmits the fraud data countermeasure control command to the main circuit transmission unit PT.
  • This embodiment relates to the reduction of step 102 and step 103 in the first embodiment.
  • the figure is omitted.
  • the user is asked to register the white list of the control command in advance, and in step 105 in the first embodiment, the attack is detected depending on whether or not the received control command is registered in the white list.
  • the number of steps 102 and 103 can be reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

This electric power converting device for performing electric power conversion on the basis of a control command received via a network is characterized in that: a white list based on combinations of the control commands is provided; the control commands recorded in the white list and the received control command are compared to determine whether the received control command is unauthorized data; and if the same is unauthorized data, unauthorized data countermeasure control is performed.

Description

電力変換装置Power converter
　本発明は、不正データ検知機能を備えた電力変換装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a power conversion device having a fraudulent data detection function.
　Ｓｔｕｘｎｅｔのように制御システムを狙ったコンピュータウイルスが存在する。実際にコントローラがこのようなウイルスに乗っ取られ、乗っ取られたコントローラが周波数変換装置に対してネットワーク経由で不正なデータを送信し、周波数変換装置が不正データで動作したため、周波数変換装置が破壊されるという事例があった。従来は、不正データの侵入を検知する開発がなされてきたが、別のアプローチとして、特許文献１がある。 There is a computer virus that targets the control system, such as Stuxnet. The controller was actually hijacked by such a virus, the hijacked controller sent incorrect data to the frequency converter via the network, and the frequency converter operated with the incorrect data, destroying the frequency converter. There was a case. Conventionally, development has been made to detect the intrusion of illegal data, but as another approach, there is Patent Document 1.
　特許文献１には、「監視操作装置５につながる情報ネットワーク４を介して設置のチェック装置６とデータ処理装置３およびこれらにつながるプラントネットワーク２を介する制御装置１を備えたプラント計装システム１００において、チェック装置６は監視操作装置５の出力する制御データ７に基づき、予測データとしての画面データ１１と出力データ１０を作成し、制御装置１が出力する実際のプラントデータ８である画面データ１１Ａと出力データ１０Ａを情報ネットワーク４を介して入力し、予測データと実際のプラントデータ８とを比較して、データ処理装置３の異常発生の有無を検知する。」と記載されている。 Patent Document 1 describes, "In a plant instrumentation system 100 including a check device 6 installed via an information network 4 connected to a monitoring operation device 5, a data processing device 3, and a control device 1 via a plant network 2 connected to these. , The check device 6 creates screen data 11 and output data 10 as prediction data based on the control data 7 output by the monitoring operation device 5, and together with the screen data 11A which is the actual plant data 8 output by the control device 1. The output data 10A is input via the information network 4, and the predicted data is compared with the actual plant data 8 to detect the presence or absence of an abnormality in the data processing device 3. ”
特開２０１６－２１１６６号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-21166
　特許文献１は、中継機器としてのデータ処理装置の前後で制御データが改ざんされたか否かを検出するものであり、中継機器としてのデータ処理装置に入力した制御データと制御機器の制御結果であるプラントデータと、同じ制御データからの予測データとを比較しているので、データ処理装置に入る前の制御データ自体が不正データだった場合は検出できない。 Patent Document 1 detects whether or not the control data has been tampered with before and after the data processing device as the relay device, and is the control data input to the data processing device as the relay device and the control result of the control device. Since the plant data and the prediction data from the same control data are compared, if the control data itself before entering the data processing device is invalid data, it cannot be detected.
　本発明の目的は、不正データ検知機能を備えた電力変換装置を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a power conversion device having a fraudulent data detection function.
　本発明は、ネットワーク機能を備えた電力変換装置であって、ネットワーク経由で入ってくる不正データを検知する不正データ検知部を備えた構成とする。 The present invention is a power conversion device having a network function, and has a configuration including a fraudulent data detection unit that detects fraudulent data coming in via a network.
　本発明によれば、データ改ざん検知機能を備えた電力変換装置を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a power conversion device having a data falsification detection function.
実施例１の電力変換システムにおける各機器の接続状態を示した構成図である。It is a block diagram which showed the connection state of each device in the power conversion system of Example 1. FIG. 実施例１の制御部１４の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of the control unit 14 of the first embodiment. 実施例１の電力変換装置のフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of the power conversion apparatus of Example 1.
　以下、実施例を図面を用いて説明する。 Hereinafter, examples will be described with reference to drawings.
　図１は、本実施例における電力変換システムにおける各機器の接続状態を示した構成図である。ただし、本発明は、これらの形態に限定されるものではない。 FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a connection state of each device in the power conversion system in this embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to these forms.
　図１においては、電力変換装置の一例として、外部交流電圧源を直流電圧に整流し、その直流電圧を、パワーデバイスで構成するスイッチング回路で実施するPWM制御で交流電圧に変換して出力する汎用電力変換装置を想定し、以下の説明において汎用電力変換装置を電力変換装置と呼称する。 In FIG. 1, as an example of a power conversion device, a general-purpose AC voltage source is rectified to a DC voltage, and the DC voltage is converted into an AC voltage by PWM control performed by a switching circuit composed of a power device and output. Assuming a power conversion device, the general-purpose power conversion device is referred to as a power conversion device in the following description.
　図１における電力変換装置１０は、図示しない外部電源の供給を受けて、IGBT等のパワーデバイスで構成する主回路１１の３相出力軸からモータ１２へ交流電圧が印加され、モータ１２の出力軸には例えば負荷としてファン１３を連結している。電力変換装置１０の主回路１１は、電力変換装置１０に内蔵する制御部１４からスイッチング制御される。さらに、電力変換装置１０は、主回路１１の出力３相の内、２相の出力部に内蔵する電流検出部である電流センサ１５、１６を備え、電流センサ１５、１６の信号出力は制御部１４に入力され電力変換装置１０の制御等に利用される。図１では電流センサを出力相に設定しているが、主回路１１の直流部の電流を検出する方法でもかまわない。 In the power conversion device 10 in FIG. 1, an AC voltage is applied from a three-phase output shaft of a main circuit 11 composed of a power device such as an IGBT to the motor 12 by receiving an external power supply (not shown), and the output shaft of the motor 12 A fan 13 is connected to the device as a load, for example. The main circuit 11 of the power conversion device 10 is switched and controlled by a control unit 14 built in the power conversion device 10. Further, the power conversion device 10 includes current sensors 15 and 16 which are current detection units built in the output units of two of the three output phases of the main circuit 11, and the signal outputs of the current sensors 15 and 16 are control units. It is input to 14 and used for controlling the power conversion device 10. In FIG. 1, the current sensor is set as the output phase, but a method of detecting the current in the DC portion of the main circuit 11 may also be used.
　電力変換装置１０は、通信ネットワーク１７と接続され、通信ネットワークを介してマスタとなるコントローラ１８と通信可能な構成をしている。通信ネットワーク１７は、例えば生産工場内部における通信回線であり、シリアル通信やＥｔｈｅｒｎｅｔ（登録商標）、またはＩＥＣ ６１１５８に記載の技術がある。 The power conversion device 10 is connected to the communication network 17 and has a configuration capable of communicating with the master controller 18 via the communication network. The communication network 17 is, for example, a communication line inside a production factory, and has the technology described in serial communication, Ethernet (registered trademark), or IEC 61158.
　図２は、制御部１４の回路図である。制御部１４は通信ネットワーク１７と通信するネットワーク機能部NTと、ネットワーク機能部で受信した制御指令が不正かどうか検知する不正検知部ERDと、制御指令を主回路１１に送信する主回路送信部PTを備えている。 FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the control unit 14. The control unit 14 includes a network function unit NT that communicates with the communication network 17, an fraud detection unit ERD that detects whether the control command received by the network function unit is invalid, and a main circuit transmission unit PT that transmits the control command to the main circuit 11. It has.
　不正検知部ERDは、正常制御とされる制御データの組み合わせが定義されたホワイトリストWLと、当該ホワイトリストWLに該当しない場合に不正データとして検知する比較部CPとを備えている。 The fraud detection unit ERD has a white list WL that defines a combination of control data that is considered to be normal control, and a comparison unit CP that detects fraud data when it does not correspond to the white list WL.
　図３は、実施例１の電力変換装置のフローチャートである。このフローチャートを繰り返し、制御指令の受信と電力変換装置の制御を繰り返す。 FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the power conversion device of the first embodiment. This flowchart is repeated, and the reception of the control command and the control of the power conversion device are repeated.
　まず、ネットワーク機能部NTは、ネットワークから制御指令を受信する（ステップ１０１）。制御指令は、ＩＥＣ ６１８００－７－２００シリーズに記載の技術では運転停止指令や状態遷移するためのコントロールワードと目標の周波数や速度のデータの２つであることが多いが、それに限定するものではない。 First, the network function unit NT receives a control command from the network (step 101). In the technology described in the IEC61800-7-200 series, there are often two control commands, a control word for an operation stop command and a state transition, and target frequency and speed data, but the control command is not limited to that. Absent.
　次に、不正検知部ERDは、学習期間の判定を行う（ステップ１０２）。電力変換装置のパラメータに学習期間中・期間外を示すパラメータを設け、ユーザに設定してもらい、このパラメータを学習期間の判定に用いる。 Next, the fraud detection unit ERD determines the learning period (step 102). A parameter indicating during or outside the learning period is provided as a parameter of the power conversion device, and the user is asked to set the parameter, and this parameter is used for determining the learning period.
　なお、本実施例では、学習期間を終えたい場合、ユーザがパラメータを学習期間外に再設定するものとしているが、ユーザが再設定を忘れてしまい、常に学習期間中のまま使用してしまう危険性がある。そこで、学習期間中・学習期間外を示すパラメータではなく、学習期間の開始及び学習期間の時間とを設定する２つのパラメータをユーザが選択できるようにしてもよい。学習期間の開始を設定後、学習期間の時間が経過するまでは学習期間中とし、学習期間の時間が経過後は学習期間外とする。これにより学習期間外への設定戻し防止を実現できる。 In this embodiment, when the user wants to end the learning period, the user resets the parameter outside the learning period, but there is a risk that the user forgets to reset the parameter and always uses it during the learning period. There is sex. Therefore, the user may be able to select two parameters for setting the start of the learning period and the time of the learning period, instead of the parameters indicating during the learning period and outside the learning period. After setting the start of the learning period, it is considered to be during the learning period until the time of the learning period elapses, and outside the learning period after the time of the learning period elapses. As a result, it is possible to prevent the setting from being returned outside the learning period.
　次に、不正検知部ERDは、学習期間中である場合、受信した制御指令をホワイトリストWL（データベース）に登録する（ステップ１０３）。この時に登録するデータは制御指令のみでも構わないが、加速時間や減速時間など電力変換装置にとって重要なパラメータがあれば、制御指令を受信した時に電力変換装置に設定されていたこれらの情報も一緒にデータベースに登録しても構わない。ここで大切なことは、電力変換装置１０のユーザがその制御指令による電力変換装置の動作を目視で確認することで、当該制御指令がホワイトリストに蓄積してよいものであったかを確認しながら処理が進められる点である。 Next, the fraud detection unit ERD registers the received control command in the white list WL (database) during the learning period (step 103). The data to be registered at this time may be only the control command, but if there are important parameters for the power converter such as acceleration time and deceleration time, these information set in the power converter when the control command is received are also included. You may register it in the database. What is important here is that the user of the power conversion device 10 visually confirms the operation of the power conversion device according to the control command, and processes while confirming whether the control command can be accumulated in the white list. Is the point where
　次に、主回路送信部PTは、不正検知部ERDから当該制御指令を受け取り、主回路１１に制御指令を送信する（ステップ１０４）。 Next, the main circuit transmission unit PT receives the control command from the fraud detection unit ERD and transmits the control command to the main circuit 11 (step 104).
　次に、不正検知部ERDの比較部CPは、学習期間でない場合、受信した制御指令がホワイトリストWL（データベース）に登録済みかどうかを比較して不正データを検出する（ステップ１０５）。ホワイトリストに登録済みであれば、主回路送信部PTに当該制御指令を送る。主回路送信部PTは、不正検知部ERDから当該制御指令を受け取り、主回路１１に制御指令を送信する（ステップ１０４）。 Next, the comparison unit CP of the fraud detection unit ERD detects fraudulent data by comparing whether or not the received control command has been registered in the white list WL (database) when it is not in the learning period (step 105). If it has already been registered in the white list, the control command is sent to the main circuit transmitter PT. The main circuit transmission unit PT receives the control command from the fraud detection unit ERD and transmits the control command to the main circuit 11 (step 104).
　不正検知部ERDは、ホワイトリストWLに登録されていなければ、不正データとして検知し、不正データ対策制御を開始する（ステップ１０６）。この不正データ対策制御は、あらかじめユーザに設定された、トリップ、減速停止後トリップ、無視する、フリーランストップ、減速停止などの制御である。具体的には、不正検知部ERDは、当該不正データ対策制御指令を主回路送信部PTに送信する。 If the fraud detection unit ERD is not registered in the white list WL, it detects it as fraudulent data and starts fraudulent data countermeasure control (step 106). This fraudulent data countermeasure control is a control set in advance by the user, such as trip, trip after deceleration stop, ignore, free run stop, deceleration stop, and the like. Specifically, the fraud detection unit ERD transmits the fraud data countermeasure control command to the main circuit transmission unit PT.
　本実施例は実施例１におけるステップ１０２、およびステップ１０３を削減に関するものである。図は省略した。制御指令のホワイトリストを事前にユーザに登録してもらい、実施例１におけるステップ１０５では受信した制御指令のホワイトリストへの登録有無により攻撃を検知するようにする。これによりステップ１０２、およびステップ１０３の削減を図ることができる。 This embodiment relates to the reduction of step 102 and step 103 in the first embodiment. The figure is omitted. The user is asked to register the white list of the control command in advance, and in step 105 in the first embodiment, the attack is detected depending on whether or not the received control command is registered in the white list. As a result, the number of steps 102 and 103 can be reduced.
　NT・・・ネットワーク機能部
　ERD・・・不正検知部
　PT・・・主回路送信部
　WL・・・ホワイトリスト
　CP・・・比較部CP NT ・ ・ ・ Network function part ERD ・ ・ ・ Fraud detection part PT ・ ・ ・ Main circuit transmission part WL ・ ・ ・ White list CP ・ ・ ・ Comparison part CP

Claims (5)

  1. 　ネットワークを介して受信した制御指令を基に電力変換を行う電力変換装置において、
    　前記制御指令の組み合わせによるホワイトリストを備え、当該ホワイトリストに記録された制御指令と受信した当該制御指令を比較して不正データであるか判定し、不正データである場合には、不正データ対策制御を行うことを特徴とする電力変換装置。     In a power conversion device that performs power conversion based on control commands received via a network
    A white list based on a combination of the control commands is provided, and the control commands recorded in the white list are compared with the received control commands to determine whether the data is invalid, and if the data is invalid, the control against illegal data is performed. A power converter characterized by performing.
  2. 　請求項１において、
    　前記ホワイトリストは、前記ネットワークを介して受信した前記制御指令を記録する自動学習する機能を備えていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。     In claim 1,
    The white list is a power conversion device including an automatic learning function for recording the control command received via the network.
  3. 　請求項２において、
    　前記自動学習する機能のオンとオフをユーザが選択可能になっていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。     In claim 2,
    A power conversion device characterized in that a user can select on and off of the automatic learning function.
  4. 　請求項３において、
    　前記選択は学習開始の時間と学習期間の時間で設定可能になっていることを特徴とする電力変換装置。     In claim 3,
    The power conversion device is characterized in that the selection can be set by the learning start time and the learning period time.
  5. 　請求項１において、
    　前記不正データである場合、トリップ、減速停止後トリップ、無視する、フリーランストップ、減速停止のいずれかの制御を行うことを特徴とする電力変換装置。     In claim 1,
    When the data is invalid, the power conversion device controls one of trip, trip after deceleration stop, ignore, free run stop, and deceleration stop.
PCT/JP2020/030580 2019-08-30 2020-08-11 Electric power converting device WO2021039377A1 (en)

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Citations (1)

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JP4186193B2 (en) 2005-07-12 2008-11-26 株式会社協和エクシオ Presence information acquisition method and apparatus
GB0703175D0 (en) 2007-02-20 2007-03-28 Ge Healthcare Bio Sciences Ab Polymeric device suitable for ultraviolet detection
JP6889673B2 (en) 2018-02-20 2021-06-18 株式会社日立製作所 Security Countermeasure Planning Equipment and Methods

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JP2013005577A (en) * 2011-06-16 2013-01-07 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Inverter device

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14 May 2019 (2019-05-14), pages 1 - 26, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://shingi.jst.go.jp/var/rev0/0000/8715/2019_uec_3.pdf> [retrieved on 20200914] *
ANONYMOUS: "The guaranteed network 3rd Edition A AX X Series", ALAXALA, 2018, pages 1 - 8, XP055796602, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.alaxala.com/jp/techinfo/archive/guide/pdf/N16R001_WL_I-Guide_V3R0_sample.pdf> [retrieved on 20200914] *

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