WO2021028068A1 - Verfahren und anlage zur verarbeitung eines stickstoff und methan enthaltenden gasgemischs - Google Patents
Verfahren und anlage zur verarbeitung eines stickstoff und methan enthaltenden gasgemischs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021028068A1 WO2021028068A1 PCT/EP2020/025328 EP2020025328W WO2021028068A1 WO 2021028068 A1 WO2021028068 A1 WO 2021028068A1 EP 2020025328 W EP2020025328 W EP 2020025328W WO 2021028068 A1 WO2021028068 A1 WO 2021028068A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- nitrogen
- methane
- gas
- gas mixture
- Prior art date
Links
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007700 distillative separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
- F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/007—Primary atmospheric gases, mixtures thereof
- F25J1/0072—Nitrogen
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
- F25J1/0236—Heat exchange integration providing refrigeration for different processes treating not the same feed stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0291—Refrigerant compression by combined gas compression and liquid pumping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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- F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
- F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0257—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/12—External refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/66—Closed external refrigeration cycle with multi component refrigerant [MCR], e.g. mixture of hydrocarbons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/12—Particular process parameters like pressure, temperature, ratios
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/34—Details about subcooling of liquids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for processing a gas mixture containing nitrogen and methane,
- gas mixture is at least partially liquefied using a mixed refrigerant circuit and expanded into a storage tank
- mixed refrigerants made from different hydrocarbon components and nitrogen are usually used.
- one, two or even three mixed refrigerant circuits are used; mixed refrigerant circuits with propane precooling are also known.
- Natural gas can, in particular, contain more than 70, preferably more than 90 mol% methane and the remainder can contain non-hydrocarbon gases such as water, nitrogen and acid gases. Higher hydrocarbons, in particular ethane, can also be included. Hydrocarbons with three or more carbon atoms such as propane, Butane, pentane etc. are contained in particular to an extent of less than 10 mol%. Natural gas typically also contains noble gases and possibly hydrogen.
- hydrocarbons with at least three carbon atoms are removed from the natural gas in order to avoid condensation or solidification during liquefaction.
- a natural gas processed for liquefaction is therefore typically essentially free of water and / or carbon dioxide and contains predominantly methane and nitrogen and possibly ethane and other non-hydrocarbons that boil below methane, in particular hydrogen and helium.
- methane and nitrogen are predominantly methane and nitrogen and possibly ethane and other non-hydrocarbons that boil below methane, in particular hydrogen and helium.
- the present invention is described below mainly with reference to the liquefaction of natural gas
- the proposed measures are basically also suitable for the liquefaction of other methane and nitrogen-containing gas mixtures, in particular gas mixtures that are essentially free of water, carbon dioxide and low in hydrocarbons with three and are more carbon atoms and poor in other higher boiling point components than methane or ethane. Therefore, if "liquefied petroleum gas” or “liquefied natural gas” or a “gas mixture” or “natural gas” is used below, these terms can be understood synonymously.
- the term “inert components” used below includes in particular nitrogen, hydrogen and helium.
- Low in is understood here to mean a content of typically less than 2 mol% and “essentially free of” a content of less than 1 mol ppm for water and less than 50 mol ppm for carbon dioxide.
- the nitrogen content in a gas mixture treated according to the invention can in particular be more than 1 and up to 10 mol%, the methane content in the remainder being for example more than 80 and up to 95 mol%.
- the liquefied gas is thus depleted in the components with a lower boiling point than methane, in particular in nitrogen. This increases the purity of the liquefied gas in the storage tank.
- Such cleaning can also be carried out in a targeted manner by using suitable feed and storage conditions, for example relaxation or the setting of adapted pressure and / or temperature conditions.
- the extracted vapor phase which in addition to the components with a lower boiling point than methane, in particular nitrogen, also contains a high proportion of methane, can be used as fuel to provide the energy required in the process. Any excess vapor phase can also be removed from the process via a torch. If the liquid gas formed during liquefaction contains a comparatively large amount of nitrogen (for example more than 1%), additional measures may be necessary to reduce the nitrogen content in the liquid gas. The reason for this is that, even in such cases, sufficient purity of the liquid gas can be achieved by evaporation, but the vapor phase cannot be used without further ado in the manner explained or should be used for reasons of efficiency or is simply too large and a lot of methane is lost in this.
- the entire gas mixture processed in the liquefaction or even just the vapor phase from the storage tank can be subjected to fractional distillation in order to separate nitrogen accordingly, as disclosed in US patent application 2015/0308738.
- the remaining methane can be returned to liquefaction or, if it occurs in a liquid state, to the storage tank.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a generic method for processing a gas mixture containing nitrogen and methane, in particular natural gas, which enables a more efficient procedure compared to the method known from US patent application 2015/0308738.
- a partial stream of the bottom liquid withdrawn from the low-temperature rectification is at least partially evaporated against an overhead gas withdrawn from the low-temperature rectification and the at least partially condensed overhead gas is fed to the low-temperature rectification as a return stream, and
- the top fraction withdrawn from the low-temperature rectification contains a nitrogen
- the method according to the invention for processing a gas mixture containing nitrogen and methane now enables optimal temperature control adapted to the respective process conditions in the separate heat exchangers to be provided for liquefying the gas mixture containing nitrogen and methane and partially liquefying the vapor phase. Furthermore, the method according to the invention enables a pure nitrogen fraction to be obtained which has a nitrogen content of at least 99 mol% without the need for an additional one, as is the case with the method according to US patent application 2015/0308738 Compressor needs.
- the gas mixture treated in the method proposed according to the invention can in particular be natural gas or a gas mixture formed using natural gas.
- the formation of the gas mixture from natural gas can, in particular, involve drying, deacidification and removal of hydrocarbons with three or more carbon atoms in the manner explained at the beginning and known from the prior art.
- the at least partial liquefaction of the gas mixture containing nitrogen and methane used takes place in particular at a pressure level of 25 to 90 bar.
- the storage tank is advantageously operated at a pressure level of 1 to 5 bar.
- the low-temperature rectification can in particular be carried out at a pressure level of 15 to 30 bar.
- a mixed refrigerant is advantageously provided in a storage container in the mixed refrigerant circuit and fed to an intermediate cooler via a first compression stage or compression unit of a refrigerant compressor.
- the compressed mixed refrigerant is cooled in the intercooler and fed to a first refrigerant separator.
- a first refrigerant gas phase and a first refrigerant liquid phase are formed in the first refrigerant separator.
- the first refrigerant gas phase is fed to a second compression stage or compression unit of the refrigerant compressor, compressed and, after cooling in an aftercooler, fed to a second refrigerant separator.
- a second refrigerant gas phase and a second refrigerant liquid phase are formed in the second refrigerant separator, the second refrigerant liquid phase being returned to the first refrigerant separator, and a partial flow of the first refrigerant liquid phase in each case in the separate heat exchangers serving at least partial liquefaction of the gas mixture and the vapor phase in each case a partial flow of the second refrigerant gas phase can be subcooled by heat exchange, expanded and used as a refrigerant for the respective heat exchange.
- the mixtures of the first liquid refrigerant phase and the second refrigerant gas phase are returned to the storage tank after the heat exchange in the two heat exchangers.
- the mixed refrigerant can in particular consist of the components nitrogen, methane, ethane and / or ethylene, propane, butane and pentane and their isomers in a proportion of more than 95%.
- Different mixed refrigerant circuits can also be used, for example mixed refrigerant circuits with several mixed refrigerants or mixed refrigerant circuits precooled with pure refrigerants such as propane, as are known from the prior art.
- the gas mixture 1 containing nitrogen and methane to be processed for example natural gas, is cooled and at least partially liquefied by heat exchange in a heat exchanger E3 for the refrigerant of a mixed refrigerant circuit.
- This mixture 2 is then released into a storage tank L via a valve V3.
- This mixed refrigerant has the composition explained above.
- the mixed refrigerant is compressed 20 via a first compressor stage or compressor unit C1.I of a refrigerant compressor to an intermediate pressure and then cooled and partially condensed in an intermediate cooler E1.
- a first refrigerant gas phase 21 and a first refrigerant liquid phase 23 are separated from one another in a refrigerant separator D2 and the first refrigerant gas phase 21 is compressed 22 to the final circuit pressure via a second compressor stage or compressor unit C1 .II of the refrigerant compressor and cooled and partially condensed in an aftercooler E2.
- a second refrigerant gas phase 29 and a second refrigerant liquid phase 28 are separated from one another in a refrigerant separator D3. The second refrigerant liquid phase 28 is expanded into the partially condensed refrigerant insert 20 via the expansion valve V1 upstream of the refrigerant separator D2.
- the first refrigerant liquid phase 23 is pressure increased in a pump P1 to the circuit pressure and a partial flow of it is used together with a first partial flow 30 of the second refrigerant gas phase 29 as refrigerant for the heat exchange with the nitrogen and methane-containing gas mixture 1 in the heat exchanger E3.
- it is first supercooled in the heat exchanger E3, expanded in the expansion valve V2 and passed through the heat exchanger E3 via the line 25 back into the storage tank D1.
- a nearly binary vapor phase 3 consisting of methane and enriched inert components, is formed in the storage tank L, which is compressed by means of a compressor C2, preferably to a pressure between 15 to 30 bar and is cooled in the coolers E4 and E5.
- the cooled vapor phase 4 is then partially liquefied in the downstream sump reboiler E6 of the separating column T1 and the resulting gas fraction 6, after separation in the separator D4, is fed to the heat exchanger E5 for further condensation and subcooling.
- the provision of cold in the heat exchanger E5 also takes place according to the invention by the mixture refrigerant circuit already described, with a partial flow 27 of the first liquid refrigerant phase 23 pumped to the circuit end pressure together with a second partial flow
- the above-mentioned combined partial flows 27 and 31 are first supercooled in the heat exchanger E5, relaxed in the expansion valve V11 and through the heat exchanger E5 via the line
- the partially liquefied stream 4 is separated into a vapor phase 6 and a liquid phase 5 in the separator D4, the liquid phase from the separator being fed directly into the separating column T1, while the vapor phase is further liquefied in the heat exchanger E5 before it is also liquefied via the expansion valve V4 is fed into the separating column T1.
- Bottom liquid 8 which mainly contains methane, is taken from the separating column T1 and evaporated to a first part 8 'via the bottom reboiler E6 and returned to the bottom of the separating column T1, cooled to a second part 10 via the heat exchanger E5 and via the expansion valve V6 into the storage tank L returned, and cooled to a third part 9 via a subcooler E8 and used as a coolant after expansion in valve V 7 in the top condenser E7 of the separating column T1.
- the third part of the bottom liquid is evaporated in the top condenser E7, fed via line 12 to the subcooler E8, in which it acts as a coolant, and then returned to the vapor phase 3 via the expansion valve V9 before the compression C2.
- the nitrogen-rich top gas 7 from the separation column T1 is transferred via the subcooler E8 and the heat exchanger E5, in each of which it acts as a coolant, as a nitrogen product stream which has a content of nitrogen and possibly other inert components of at least 99 mol% the expansion valve V10 discharged from the process.
- the inventive use of the mixed refrigerant circuit for both the at least partial liquefaction of the gas mixture containing nitrogen and methane in the heat exchanger E3 and the distillative separation of the nitrogen and possibly other inert components from the vapor phase formed in the storage tank or the associated at least partial liquefaction of the vapor phase in the Heat exchanger E5 has the advantage that the temperature in heat exchangers E3 and E5 can be set precisely with the mixed refrigerant circuit, thus enabling economical process management.
- the method according to the invention also enables the generation of a methane-rich liquid stream 10 which is fed to the storage tank L via valve V6 as described.
- the pressure-relieved bottom stream is evaporated at an almost constant temperature in the heat exchanger E7.
- This allows the top condenser to be designed as a heat exchanger seated in a liquid bath. This leads to a very robust construction of the heat exchanger and also to stable operating conditions.
- An accumulation of heavier hydrocarbons in the stream to be evaporated in the heat exchanger E7 can also be prevented simply by withdrawing a small amount of liquid stream - preferably less than 5% of the amount of stream 9 - from the upper part of the separating column T1.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US17/597,006 US20220316794A1 (en) | 2019-08-13 | 2020-07-10 | Method and unit for processing a gas mixture containing nitrogen and methane |
EP20743072.9A EP4014001A1 (de) | 2019-08-13 | 2020-07-10 | Verfahren und anlage zur verarbeitung eines stickstoff und methan enthaltenden gasgemischs |
AU2020330316A AU2020330316A1 (en) | 2019-08-13 | 2020-07-10 | Method and unit for processing a gas mixture containing nitrogen and methane |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19020469 | 2019-08-13 | ||
EP19020469.3 | 2019-08-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2021028068A1 true WO2021028068A1 (de) | 2021-02-18 |
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ID=67658921
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2020/025328 WO2021028068A1 (de) | 2019-08-13 | 2020-07-10 | Verfahren und anlage zur verarbeitung eines stickstoff und methan enthaltenden gasgemischs |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20220316794A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4014001A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2020330316A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021028068A1 (de) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2484999A2 (de) * | 2011-02-08 | 2012-08-08 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Abkühlen eines ein-oder mehrkomponentigen Stromes |
US20150308738A1 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2015-10-29 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Integrated Nitrogen Removal in the Production of Liquefied Natural Gas Using Refrigerated Heat Pump |
CN104293404B (zh) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-08-24 | 成都深冷液化设备股份有限公司 | 一种天然气高效脱氮的装置及其方法 |
US9816754B2 (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2017-11-14 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Integrated nitrogen removal in the production of liquefied natural gas using dedicated reinjection circuit |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3559417A (en) * | 1967-10-12 | 1971-02-02 | Mc Donnell Douglas Corp | Separation of low boiling hydrocarbons and nitrogen by fractionation with product stream heat exchange |
DE1915218B2 (de) * | 1969-03-25 | 1973-03-29 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verfluessigen von erdgas |
CH545219A (de) * | 1971-11-17 | 1973-12-15 | Sulzer Ag | Verfahren und Anlage zur Deckung von Stickstoffverlusten und zur Wiederverflüssigung von verdampften Erdgasanteilen in Tankschiffen |
FR2165729B1 (de) * | 1971-12-27 | 1976-02-13 | Technigaz Fr | |
DE102010044646A1 (de) * | 2010-09-07 | 2012-03-08 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Abtrennen von Stickstoff und Wasserstoff aus Erdgas |
KR102312640B1 (ko) * | 2013-03-15 | 2021-10-13 | 차트 에너지 앤드 케미칼즈 인코포레이티드 | 혼합 냉매 시스템 및 방법 |
US20170234611A1 (en) * | 2016-02-11 | 2017-08-17 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Recovery Of Helium From Nitrogen-Rich Streams |
-
2020
- 2020-07-10 US US17/597,006 patent/US20220316794A1/en active Pending
- 2020-07-10 AU AU2020330316A patent/AU2020330316A1/en active Pending
- 2020-07-10 EP EP20743072.9A patent/EP4014001A1/de active Pending
- 2020-07-10 WO PCT/EP2020/025328 patent/WO2021028068A1/de unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2484999A2 (de) * | 2011-02-08 | 2012-08-08 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Abkühlen eines ein-oder mehrkomponentigen Stromes |
US20150308738A1 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2015-10-29 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Integrated Nitrogen Removal in the Production of Liquefied Natural Gas Using Refrigerated Heat Pump |
US9816754B2 (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2017-11-14 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Integrated nitrogen removal in the production of liquefied natural gas using dedicated reinjection circuit |
CN104293404B (zh) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-08-24 | 成都深冷液化设备股份有限公司 | 一种天然气高效脱氮的装置及其方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP4014001A1 (de) | 2022-06-22 |
US20220316794A1 (en) | 2022-10-06 |
AU2020330316A1 (en) | 2022-01-27 |
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