WO2021018063A1 - 一种手持式电动工具用电机 - Google Patents
一种手持式电动工具用电机 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021018063A1 WO2021018063A1 PCT/CN2020/104664 CN2020104664W WO2021018063A1 WO 2021018063 A1 WO2021018063 A1 WO 2021018063A1 CN 2020104664 W CN2020104664 W CN 2020104664W WO 2021018063 A1 WO2021018063 A1 WO 2021018063A1
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- stator
- outer diameter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
- H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
- H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
Definitions
- This application relates to a motor, in particular to a motor for a handheld electric tool.
- Hand-held electric tools such as angle grinders, swing machines, etc., require the user to hold the tools to operate the work tools such as cutting, drilling, and polishing on the workpiece.
- split stator motors are mostly used to replace conventional integral motors.
- the stator of the split motor is divided into multiple pieces before winding, and each piece is wound independently, which increases the amount of winding. After the winding is completed, the pieces are spliced or welded together.
- the split stator winds more coils than the integral stator, which increases the output power of the motor.
- the manufacturing and assembly process of the split stator is more complicated than the monolithic stator, and the manufacturing process is more, and the manufacturing cost is also much higher, which limits its wide use in handheld power tools, and the output of this type of motor Low capacity.
- the present application provides a motor for an electric tool, which has a brush motor with low cost, high power, small size, and an integral stator.
- a hand-held electric tool motor characterized in that it contains
- An integral stator on its outer side is provided with a plurality of convex portions protruding outward in the radial direction;
- a rotor which is arranged inside the stator
- An armature shaft which is coaxially connected with the rotor
- a commutator which is matched and connected with the armature shaft
- a brush which is electrically connected to the commutator
- the outer diameter of the stator is between 40mm ⁇ 57mm,
- the ratio of the outer diameter of the rotor to the outer diameter of the stator is between 0.50 and 0.62.
- the ratio of the outer diameter of the rotor to the outer diameter of the stator is between 0.50 and 0.6.
- the outer diameter of the stator is 46 mm or 48 mm or 50 mm or 52 mm or 55 mm or 57 mm, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the rotor to the outer diameter of the stator is between 0.55 and 0.62. Preferably, the ratio of the outer diameter of the rotor to the outer diameter of the stator is between 0.55 and 0.60.
- the ratio of the outer diameter of the rotor to the outer diameter of the stator is 0.60, and the yoke width of the stator is between 4.4 mm and 5.0 mm.
- the integral stator has four convex portions uniformly arranged in the outer circumferential direction, and the convex portions are symmetrical along the first direction axis or the second direction axis.
- the integral stator is provided with at least two convex portions in the outer circumferential direction.
- the convex portion is integrally formed with the stator, and the thickness of the convex portion is between 3.8 mm and 6.0 mm.
- the convex part is sometimes called a stator yoke, and its thickness is thicker than that of the non-protruding part.
- the length of the stator along the axial direction of the armature shaft is between 40 mm and 60 mm.
- the motor further includes a heat dissipating fan, which is coaxially connected to the shaft of the rotor through a connector, and drives the heat dissipating fan to rotate based on the rotation of the shaft; the diameter of the heat dissipating fan is larger than that of the The outer diameter of the rotor, and the ratio of the diameter of the cooling fan to the outer diameter of the rotor is between 1.5-3.
- the ratio of the diameter of the heat dissipation fan to the outer diameter of the stator is between 1.1 and 1.8.
- the ratio of the outer diameter of the rotor to the outer diameter of the stator is 0.58, and the yoke width of the stator is 3.8 mm to 5.0 m.
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a hand-held electric tool motor, which is characterized by including an integral stator, the outer side of which is uniformly arranged with a plurality of convex parts;
- a rotor which is arranged inside the stator
- a heat dissipation fan which is arranged on one side of the motor and connected to the rotor, and drives the heat dissipation fan to rotate based on the rotation of the rotor;
- An armature shaft which is fixedly connected to the rotor
- a commutator which is fixedly connected to the armature shaft; a brush, which is electrically connected to the commutator;
- the outer diameter of the integral stator ranges from 40 mm to 57 mm, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the rotor to the outer diameter of the stator ranges from 0.55 to 0.62.
- the outer diameter of the stator is 46mm or 48mm or 50mm or 52mm or 55mm or 57mm, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the rotor to the outer diameter of the stator is between 0.55 and 0.60.
- the ratio of the outer diameter of the rotor to the outer diameter of the stator is 0.60, and the width of the center yoke of the stator is between 3.6 mm and 4.2 mm.
- the ratio of the outer diameter of the rotor to the outer diameter of the stator is between 0.58 and 0.60, the thickness of the protrusion is 4.8 mm, and the ratio of the output power of the motor to its volume is between 8 and 12. (Unit w/cm3), preferably, the ratio of the output power of the motor to its volume is between 9-11 (unit w/cm3).
- the convex portion is integrally formed with the stator, and the thickness of the convex portion is between 3.8 mm and 5.0 mm.
- the length of the stator along the axial direction of the armature shaft is between 40 mm and 60 mm.
- the diameter of the armature shaft is between 6 mm and 8 mm.
- the motor further includes a heat dissipating fan, which is coaxially connected to the shaft of the rotor through a connector, and drives the heat dissipating fan to rotate based on the rotation of the rotor; the diameter of the heat dissipating fan is larger than that of the The outer diameter of the rotor, and the ratio of the diameter of the cooling fan to the outer diameter of the rotor is between 1.5-3.
- the motor is equipped with a pair of tooth width bridges, which are arranged opposite to each other on the outside of the integral stator, and in the axial direction of the stator, the sides on which the tooth width bridges are respectively arranged are parallel.
- the ratio of the height of the protrusion to the thickness of the protrusion is between 0.1 and 0.5.
- the motor according to the embodiment of the present application has a compact structure, which reduces the overall weight of the motor and improves the heat dissipation effect of the motor while enhancing the effective magnetic flux of the motor under the same size and improving the output capacity.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of a motor according to an embodiment of the application
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stator according to an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stator according to another embodiment of the application.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a motor according to an embodiment of the application.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the B-B cross section of the motor of Fig. 4;
- Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor assembly according to an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotor assembly according to an embodiment of the application.
- Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view at B of the motor of Fig. 7;
- Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotor according to an embodiment of the application.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the area of the convex portion and the groove of the motor according to the embodiment of the application.
- the outer diameter of the stator mentioned in this embodiment includes the height of the protrusion protruding from the surface of the body.
- the height of the protrusion ranges from 0.5mm to 3mm (for example, 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, etc.), depending on the application.
- FIGS. 1 to 9 include schematic diagrams, and the scales and ratios of vertical and horizontal of each part may be different from actual ones.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor stator according to the embodiment of the application.
- the stator 100 includes a main body 101, a convex portion 102 arranged on the outside of the main body 101, and a horn-shaped salient pole 103 opposite to the inside of the main body 101.
- the center yoke 104 is configured with the center yoke 104 approximately perpendicular to the center line of the salient pole 103.
- the ratio of the circumferential length of the center yoke 104 to the thickness of the body 101 at the position is between 0.5-2.
- the circumferential length is slightly equal to the thickness of the body at its location.
- the circumferential length of the horn-shaped salient pole 103 is equal to the axial length of the stator body, and a winding (also called copper wire/enameled wire, not shown) is wound on it according to a certain rule.
- the outer contour of the integral stator is circular or other shapes suitable for being housed in the housing of the hand-held tool.
- the center yoke 104 may be omitted (the body has the same thickness except for the convex portion).
- the stator 100 includes a main body (also called a stator yoke) 101, the outer side of which is symmetrically arranged along the x/y direction center line with convex portions 102, and the inner side of the main body 101 is opposite
- the horn-shaped salient pole 103 is arranged, and the center yoke 104 is arranged opposite to the inner side of the main body 101.
- the center line of the center yoke 104 is substantially perpendicular to the center line of the salient pole 103.
- the salient pole 103 is provided with a pole cut 103a integrally formed therewith.
- the pole cut 103a is symmetrical along the central axis in the y direction.
- the thickness of the pole cut 103a gradually decreases from the connection with the salient pole 103 to the end of the pole cut.
- the angle between the cut ends of the two poles and the center is between 110° and 140°.
- the outer side of the main body 101 opposite to the salient pole 103 is provided with a tooth width bridge (also called a concave portion) 105, and the y-direction center line of the tooth width bridge 105 coincides with the y-direction center line of the salient pole 103.
- the center yoke 104 may be omitted.
- the stator is an integral stator with a circular cross-sectional profile.
- the central yoke 104 protrudes inward, and the ratio (ratio) of the height of the protuberance to the thickness of the stator body in the radial direction is 0.01-0.3.
- the choke width of the stator is between 3.6mm and 4.2mm.
- one side of the convex portion 102 is provided with an inclined surface 102a, and the tangent angle between the inclined surface 102a and the outer surface of the main body 101 with which it contacts is greater than 90°, such as 100, 120°, etc. In this way, after the stator 100 is assembled with the housing (not shown), the convex portion 102 can be used for fixing and preventing the motor from moving (rotating).
- the radial thickness of the stator body is also called the yoke width.
- the inclined surface 202a is arranged on one side of the convex portion 202.
- the tangent angle between the inclined surface 202a and the outer surface of the main body 201 with which it contacts is less than or equal to 90°, such as 90°, 60°, 45°, 30°.
- the stator 200 includes a main body (also called a stator yoke) 201, with convex portions 202 arranged symmetrically along the center line of the x/y direction on the outer side, and horn-shaped salient poles 203 arranged opposite to the inner side of the main body 201.
- the salient poles 203 are integrally formed with it
- the pole cut 203a is symmetrical along the central axis in the y direction.
- the thickness h of the pole cut 203a gradually decreases from the connection with the salient pole 203 to the end of the pole cut.
- the angle between the cut ends of the two poles and the center is between 110° and 140°.
- the outer side of the body 201 opposite to the salient pole 203 is provided with a tooth width bridge (also called a recess) 205, and the y-direction center line of the tooth width bridge 205 coincides with the y-direction center line of the salient pole 203.
- the stator 200 has a circular shape as a whole, with an outer diameter D, a body thickness (yoke width) of t1, and a thickness of the convex portion t.
- the outer diameter of the stator includes the height t2 of the protrusion 203.
- the thickness of the body except for the protrusions may be t1.
- the protruding height t2 is between 0.5mm and 3mm, depending on the application.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of BB of the motor of FIG. 4; the motor 10 includes a stator assembly 11 on which a winding 11b is wound, and the inside is configured There is a rotor assembly 14 (refer to FIG. 6), one end of which is connected to the commutator assembly 12, and the other end is connected to the cooling fan 13, which drives the cooling fan 13 to rotate based on the rotation of the rotor.
- the rotating shaft of the rotor assembly 14 protrudes from the cooling fan 13.
- the outer diameter of the stator is between 40mm and 57mm (preferably, the outer diameter of the stator is between 40mm and 50mm), and the ratio of the outer diameter of the rotor to the outer diameter of the stator ranges from 0.50 to 0.62 (preferably, the rotor
- the ratio of the outer diameter D1 (refer to Figure 9) to the stator outer diameter D ranges from 0.50 to 0.60).
- the ratio of the rotor outer diameter D1 to the stator outer diameter D is 0.58 and 0.60.
- the ratio of the output power to the volume of the motor is more than 10 (W/cm3).
- the ratio of the output power of the motor to its volume is between 8-12 (unit w/cm3).
- the ratio of the output power of the motor to its volume is between 9-11 (unit w/cm3).
- the stator of the motor adopts the structure of an integral stator, which is pressed and welded by a plurality of laminations to form a hollow integral stator. In the stator of this structure, each lamination in the axial direction is a hollow integral.
- the rotor assembly and the armature shaft rotated by the rotor assembly are located inside the stator assembly.
- the hand-held electric tool using the motor preferably has a body approximately cylindrical, extending along the axial direction of the armature shaft, and the axis of the body and the axis of the armature shaft are coaxial.
- V volume of the motor
- D diameter of the stator (including the height of the convex portion)
- L the axial length of the motor, in mm. If converted to the motor volume, V is cm 3 Divide the above calculated value by 1000.
- L is defined by the length of the stator (the length of the stator/rotor is the same).
- the motor of the above-mentioned embodiment has a relatively high rotation speed, such as 40,000 rpm (or higher) when it is running under no load.
- the power during operation P2 Pl-P, Pl is the input power Pl, and P is the loss.
- the motor output power P2 has a positive correlation with the diameter D of the motor, the axial length L of the motor, the speed of the motor, and the slot full rate of the motor.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the rotor assembly and the commutator.
- the rotor assembly 14 includes a rotating shaft 15, one end of which is connected to the commutator assembly 12, and the other end is connected to a cooling fan and a power transmission component (not shown).
- the rotor assembly is usually a stack of metal laminations piled together in the axial direction and welded together.
- the main component is iron, so it can also be called an iron core.
- the rotor assembly 14 contains a rotating shaft 15 inside, one end of which is connected to the commutator assembly 12, and the other end is connected to the heat dissipation fan 13.
- the commutator assembly 12 includes a commutator 12a, is matched with the commutator 12a and connected to an armature shaft, and is electrically connected to the commutator 12a with a brush 12b.
- the number of commutators is 24, and the rotor assembly includes 12 slots. In other embodiments, the number of chips and the number of slots can be other values.
- the rotor assembly 14 has a rotor winding 14a disposed therein. Preferably, the rotor winding 14a partially protrudes from the rotor assembly 14. It is covered with a protective net 14b.
- the protection net 14b is also called a winding protection wire net, and cotton wax tower wire is preferably used.
- the rotor assembly 14 also includes a rotor blank 14c inside.
- FIG. 8 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the direction B projected to the commutator assembly 12 side in FIG. 7.
- the inner surface of the slot wedge 17 is provided with insulating paper 16.
- the inner surface of the slot wedge 17 is coated with an insulating film.
- the rotor assembly 20 includes a rotor core 22 with teeth 21 uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction. Two adjacent teeth constitute a slot of the rotor, and the rotor is wound inside. For the winding (not shown), one end of the tooth 21 is connected to the rotor core 22, and the other end is connected to the tooth buckle 21a.
- the design of the motor increases the effective magnetic flux of the motor and provides its output capacity.
- the angle ⁇ between the ends of the two poles 63a and the center is between 110° and 140°.
- the included angle ⁇ is between 130°.
- the cross-section of the stator is roughly circular, and sometimes the thickness can be described as a radial thickness.
- the outer diameter of the motor of the above embodiment may be 46mm, 48mm, 50mm, 52mm, 55mm, 57mm (including the height of the protrusion).
- the height of the protrusion is 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm.
- the motor of the above embodiment is a brushed motor, which can be used in (hand-held) tools such as angle grinders and swing motors.
- the diameter of the armature shaft is between 7.5 mm and 9 mm, and the length of the armature shaft is between 50 mm and 180 mm.
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Abstract
本申请揭示一种手持式电动工具用电机。该电机包含整体式定子,其外侧配置有复数个沿其径向外突出的凸部;转子,其配置于所述定子的内侧;电枢轴,其与所述转子同轴的连接;换向器,其与所述电枢轴匹配连接;电刷,其与所述换向器电性连接;所述定子的外径介于40mm~57mm,所述转子外径与所述定子外径比值介于0.50~0.62。所述凸部突出的高度与其位置处的定子的厚度比值介于0.1~0.5。采用本申请实施方式的电机其结构紧凑,在降低电机整体重量的同时提高电机的在相同尺寸下的输出能力。
Description
本申请涉及一种电机,具体地涉及一种手持式电动工具用电机。
手持式电动工具,例如角磨、摆动机等要求用户手持工具进行操作在工件上实现切削、钻孔、打磨等工作的作业工具。目前大都采用采用分体式定子电机来替代常规的整体式电机。分体式电机的定子在绕制前是被分为多块,在每一块上独立绕线,这样增加了绕线量,在绕完线之后再将各个块拼接或者焊接为一体。分体式定子比整体式定子绕制更多线圈,这样提升了电机的输出功率。但是,分体式定子的制造和装配工艺比整体式定子的复杂、且制造工序多,另外制造成本也高出很多,这样限制了其在手持式电动工具产品中广泛使用,同时该类型的电机输出能力低。
发明内容
基于上述问题,本申请提供一种电动工具用电机,其具有成本低、功率高、体积小,具有整体式定子的有刷电机。
为此本申请采用如下技术方案。
一种手持式电动工具用电机,其特征在于,包含
整体式定子,其外侧配置有复数个沿其径向外突出的凸部;
转子,其配置于所述定子的内侧;
电枢轴,其与所述转子同轴的连接;
换向器,其与所述电枢轴匹配连接;
电刷,其与所述换向器电性连接;
所述定子的外径介于40mm~57mm,
所述转子外径与所述定子外径比值介于0.50~0.62。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该所述转子外径与所述定子外径比值介于0.50~0.6。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该定子的外径为46mm或48mm或50mm或52mm或55mm或57mm,所述转子外径与所述定子外径的比值介于0.55~0.62。较佳的,所述转子外径与所述定子外径的比值介于0.55~0.60。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该转子外径与所述定子外径的比值为0.60,所述定子的轭宽介于4.4mm~5.0mm。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该整体式定子,其外侧周向上均匀的配置有4个凸部,所述凸起沿第一方向轴线或第二方向轴线对称。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该整体式定子,其外侧周向上至少配置2个凸部。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该凸部与定子一体成型,所述凸部处的厚度介于3.8mm~6.0mm。这时该凸部有时也可称为定子轭部,其厚度较没有突出处的要厚一些。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该定子沿所述电枢轴的轴向的长度介于40mm~60mm。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该电机还包含散热风扇,其通过连接件与转子的转轴同轴连接,基于所述转轴的转动带动所述散热风扇旋转;所述散热风扇的直径大于所述转子的外径,所述散热风扇的直径与所 述转子的外径比值介于1.5~3。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该散热风扇的直径与所述定子的外径的比值介于1.1~1.8。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该转子外径与所述定子外径的比值为0.58,所述定子的轭宽基于为3.8mm至5.0m。
本申请实施例还提供一种手持式电动工具用电机,其特征在于,包含,整体式定子,其外侧均匀的配置有复数个凸部;
转子,其配置于所述定子的内侧;
散热风扇,其配置于所述电机的一侧且与转子连接,基于所述转子的转动带动所述散热风扇旋转;
电枢轴,其与所述转子固定连接;
换向器,其与所述电枢轴固定连接;电刷,其与所述换向器电连接;
所述整体式定子的外径介于40mm~57mm,所述转子外径与所述定子外径比值范围为0.55~0.62。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该定子的外径为46mm或48mm或50mm或52mm或55mm或57mm,所述转子外径与所述定子外径的比值介于0.55~0.60。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该转子外径与所述定子外径的比值为0.60,所述定子的中心轭宽介于3.6mm~4.2mm。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该转子外径与所述定子外径比值介于0.58~0.60,所述凸部的厚度的4.8mm,所述电机的输出功率与其体积比介于8~12(单位w/cm3),较佳的,所述电机的输出功率与其体积 比介于9~11(单位w/cm3)。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该凸部与定子一体成型,所述凸部处的厚度介于3.8mm~5.0mm。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该定子沿所述电枢轴的轴向的长度介于40mm~60mm。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该电枢轴的直径介于6mm~8mm。
在一较佳的实施方式中,该电机还包含散热风扇,其通过连接件与转子的转轴同轴连接,基于所述转子的转动带动所述散热风扇旋转;所述散热风扇的直径大于所述转子的外径,所述散热风扇的直径与所述转子的外径比值介于1.5~3。
在一较佳的实施方式中,电机配置一对齿宽桥,其相向的配置于所述整体式定子的外侧,所述定子的轴向上其分别配置有齿宽桥侧的面平行。
在一较佳的实施方式中,凸部突出的高度与所述凸部的厚度比值介于0.1~0.5。
相对于现有技术中的方案,本申请的优点:
本申请实施方式的电机结构紧凑,在降低电机整体重量的同时提高电机的散热效果同时增强了相同尺寸下电机的有效磁通,并提高输出能力。
为了更清楚地说明本说明书实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本说明书中记载的一些实施 例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图:
图1为本申请实施例的电机的定子结构示意图;
图2为本申请实施例的定子截面示意图;
图3为本申请另一实施例的定子截面示意图;
图4为本申请实施例的电机的结构示意图;
图5为图4电机的B-B截面示意图;
图6为本申请实施例的转子组件结构示意图;
图7为本申请实施例的转子组件截面示意图;
图8为图7电机的B处的截面示意图;
图9为本申请实施例的转子的截面示意图;
图10为本申请实施例的电机的凸部与槽面积的示意图。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请提出的技术方案,下面将结合本说明书实施例中的附图,对本说明书实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本说明书中的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本说明书中的一个或多个实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是,当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件,它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件,它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时 存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。本实施方式中提及的定子的外径,其包含凸部凸出本体表面的高度。凸出的高度介于0.5mm~3mm(如,0.5mm、1.0mm、1.5mm、2.0mm等),具体视应用场合而设定。
实施例:
接下来结合图1-图9来描述本申请实施方式的电机。而且,附图中包括示意图,会有各个部件的缩尺以及纵横的比率等与实际不同的情况。
如图1所示为本申请实施方式的电机定子的结构示意图,定子100,包含本体101、配置于本体101外侧的凸部102、本体101内侧相对的配置喇叭状凸极103,本体101内侧相对的配置中心轭104,该中心轭104的中线与凸极103的中线大致垂直。该中心轭104的周向长度与其位置处本体101的厚度比值介于0.5~2。较佳的,周向长度略等于与其位置处本体的厚度。该喇叭状凸极103周向长度等于定子本体的轴向长度,其上绕有依据一定规则缠绕的绕线(也称铜线/漆包线,图未示)。整体式定子的外轮廓呈圆形或者其他形状适合收容在手持式工具的机壳中的形状。在其它的实施方式中,可省略该中心轭104(这时本体除凸部外厚度相同)。
如图2所示为本申请实施方式的定子的截面示意图,定子100,包含本体(也称定子轭)101、其外侧沿x/y向中线对称的配置有凸部102、本体101内侧相对的配置喇叭状凸极103,本体101内侧相对的配置中心轭104,该中心轭104的中线与凸极103的中线大致垂直。该凸极103配 置有与其一体成型的极削103a.该极削103a沿y方向的中轴线对称。该极削103a的厚度从与凸极103连接处至极削的末端逐渐减小。两极削的端部与中心的夹角介于110°~140°。凸极103相对的本体101外侧配置有齿宽桥(也称凹部)105,齿宽桥105的y向中线与凸极103的y向中线重合。在其它的实施方式中,可省略该中心轭104。该定子为整体式定子,其截面的轮廓呈圆形。
该中心轭104向内凸起,该凸起的高度与该处定子本体径向的厚度比(比值)介于0.01~0.3。该定子的扼宽介于3.6mm~4.2mm。本实施方式中,凸部102的一侧配置有倾斜面102a,该斜面102a与其接触的本体101外侧面的切线夹角大于90°,如100,°120°等。这样该定子100与壳体(图未示)组装后,该凸部102可以起到固定并防止电机移动(转动)。定子本体径向的厚度也称为轭宽。
作为图2实施方式的变形如图3所示,其与图2中的方式区别在于凸部202的一侧配置的倾斜面202a,该斜面202a与其接触的本体201外侧面的切线夹角小于等于90°,如90°、60°、45°、30°。这样的设计,使得电机与壳体后,凸起202可靠的与壳体配合且起到防止电机转动的目的。该实施方式中,可省略中心轭。
定子200,包含本体(也称定子轭)201、其外侧沿x/y向中线对称的配置有凸部202、本体201内侧相对的配置喇叭状凸极203,该凸极203配置有与其一体成型的极削203a.该极削203a沿y方向的中轴线对称。该极削203a的厚度h从与凸极203连接处至极削的末端逐渐减小。两极削的端部与中心的夹角介于110°~140°。凸极203相对的本体201外 侧配置有齿宽桥(也称凹部)205,齿宽桥205的y向中线与凸极203的y向中线重合。定子200整体呈圆形,其外径D,本体厚度(轭宽)为t1、凸部的厚度为t。定子外径包含凸部203凸出的高度t2。在一实施中,对定子本体而言,本体上除凸部外厚度可均为t1。凸出的高度t2介于0.5mm~3mm,具体视应用场合而设定。
接下来结合图4、图5来描述本申请实施方式的电机的结构示意,图5为图4电机的B-B截面示意图;电机10,包含定子组件11,其上绕有绕线11b,其内配置有转子组件14(参考图6),其一端连接换向器组件12,另一端连接散热风扇13,基于转子的转动带动散热风扇13旋转。转子组件14的转轴突出于散热风扇13。该定子的外径介于40mm~57mm(较佳的,该定子的外径介于40mm~50mm),该转子外径与所述定子外径比值范围为0.50~0.62(较佳的,该转子外径D1(参考图9)与定子外径D比值范围为0.50~0.60)。较佳的,所述转子外径D1与所述定子外径D比值为0.58、0.60。这时电机的效率高,电机的输出功率与体积的比值10(W/cm3)以上,相较于目前同类型的电机的输出功率与体积的比值8左右(或不到8),有了较大的提高,增强了相同尺寸下电机的输出能力。本实施方式中,电机的输出功率与其体积比介于8~12(单位w/cm3),较佳的,电机的输出功率与其体积比介于9~11(单位w/cm3)。电机的定子采用整体式定子的结构,其由多个叠片压制焊接在一起,形成中空的整体式定子,该结构的定子在轴向上的每一层叠片都是中空的整体的。转子组件及由转子组件带动旋转的电枢轴位于定子组件的内侧。采用该电机的手持式电动工具,较佳的其机身呈近似圆筒形,沿着电 枢轴的轴向方向延伸,机身的轴线与电枢轴的轴线共轴线。
定义电机的体积V=π(D/2)
2*L,其中D为定子直径(包含凸部的高度),L为电机的轴向长度,单位mm,若换算成电机体积V为cm
3再将上述计算值除以1000。L以定子长度来定义(定子/转子的长度相同)。
上述实施方式的电机,其在当空载时运行时具有较高的转速,如,40000rpm(或更高)。运行过程中的功率P2=Pl-P,Pl为输入功率Pl,P为损耗。电机输出功率P2与电机的直径D、电机的轴向长度L、电机的转速、以及电机的槽满率成具有正相关性。
如图6所示为转子组件与换向器连接的结构示意图,转子组件14,包含转轴15,其一端连接换向器组件12,另一端连接散热风扇及动力传输部件(图未示)。转子组件通常是用适当数量的金属叠片沿轴向堆在一起并焊接而成的叠片堆,主要成分是铁,所以也可称为铁芯。
接下来结合图7,图8来进一步描述图6中实施方式的转子组件机构。
转子组件14,其内部包含转轴15,其一端连接换向器组件12,另一端连接散热风扇13。换向器组件12,包含换向器12a,与换向器12a匹配连接电枢轴,与换向器12a电性连接的电刷12b。本实施方式中,换向器的片数24片,转子组件包含12槽。在其他是实施方式中,片数及槽数可为其他的值。转子组件14其内配置有转子绕组14a。较佳的该转子绕组14a部分突出于转子组件14。其上覆盖有保护网14b。该保护网14b也称绕组保护线网,较佳的采用棉蜡塔线。转子组件14还包含位于其内部的转子毛坯14c。
如图8所示为图7中B处向换向器组件12侧投影的局部截面示意, 槽楔17的内表面配置有绝缘纸16。槽楔17的内表面涂布有绝缘膜。
接下来结合图9来描述本申请实施方式的转子组件结构,转子组件20,包含转子芯体22,其周向上均匀的配置有齿21,相邻两齿构成转子的槽,其内绕有转子绕组(图未示),齿21一端连接转子芯体22,另一端连接齿扣21a。
如图10所示电机定子的凸部厚度与槽面积的示意图,定子本体61上配置凸部62,凸部62处的厚度t与绕线对应的槽61a的槽面积S(见图中阴影部分,即凸部内侧、部分本体内侧、凸极围城的面积)的比值,t/S介于8.5~11%。这样的设计电机的增加了电机的有效磁通,提供其输出能力。两极削63a末端与中心的夹角θ介于110°~140°。较佳的,夹角θ介于130°。定子截面大致呈圆形,有时厚度可描述为径向的厚度。
上述实施方式的电机,其外径可为46mm、48mm、50mm、52mm、55mm、57mm(包含突出的高度)。在一实施方式中,凸出的高度0.5mm、1mm、1.5mm、2mm、2.5mm、3.0mm。
上述实施方式的电机为有刷电机,其可用于角磨机、摆动电动等(手持式)工具中。其电枢轴的直径介于7.5mm~9mm,电枢轴的长度介于50mm~180mm。
上述实施例只为说明本申请的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人是能够了解本申请的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本申请的保护范围。凡根据本申请精神实质所做的等效变换或修饰,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (12)
- 一种手持式电动工具用电机,其特征在于,包含:整体式定子,其外侧配置有复数个沿其径向外突出的凸部;转子,其配置于所述定子的内侧;电枢轴,其与所述转子同轴的连接;换向器,其与所述电枢轴匹配连接;电刷,其与所述换向器电性连接;所述定子的外径介于40mm~57mm,所述转子外径与所述定子外径比值介于0.50~0.62。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,所述定子的外径为46mm或48mm或50mm或52mm或55mm或57mm,所述转子外径与所述定子外径的比值介于0.55~0.60。
- 如权利要求2所述的电机,其特征在于,所述转子外径与所述定子外径的比值为0.60,所述定子的轭宽介于4.4mm~5.0mm。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,所述转子外径与所述定子外径比值介于0.58~0.60,所述定子的轭宽介于3.8mm~5.0mm,所述电机的输出功率与其体积比介于8~12。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,所述整体式定子,其外侧周向上均匀的配置有4个凸部,所述凸部沿第一方向轴线或第二方向轴线对称。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,所述凸部与定子本体一体成型,所述凸部处的厚度介于3.8mm~6.0mm。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,所述定子沿所述电枢轴的轴 向的长度介于40mm~60mm。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,还包含散热风扇,其通过连接件与转子的转轴同轴连接,基于所述转轴的转动带动所述散热风扇旋转;所述散热风扇的直径大于所述转子的外径,所述散热风扇的直径与所述转子的外径比值介于1.5~3。
- 如权利要求8所述的电机,其特征在于,所述散热风扇的直径与所述定子的外径的比值介于1.1~1.8。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,所述转子外径与所述定子外径的比值为0.58,所述定子的轭宽介于3.8mm~5.0mm。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,配置一对齿宽桥,其相向的配置于所述整体式定子的外侧,所述定子的轴向上其分别配置有齿宽桥侧的面平行。
- 如权利要求1所述的电机,其特征在于,所述凸部突出的高度与所述凸部的厚度比值介于0.1~0.5。
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