WO2021000564A1 - 一种太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃及其制造方法 Download PDF

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WO2021000564A1
WO2021000564A1 PCT/CN2020/071369 CN2020071369W WO2021000564A1 WO 2021000564 A1 WO2021000564 A1 WO 2021000564A1 CN 2020071369 W CN2020071369 W CN 2020071369W WO 2021000564 A1 WO2021000564 A1 WO 2021000564A1
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coating
reflection
solution
coated glass
layer
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PCT/CN2020/071369
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English (en)
French (fr)
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阮洪良
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福莱特玻璃集团股份有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/3405—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of organic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
    • C03C17/3417—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials all coatings being oxide coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
    • C03C2217/73—Anti-reflective coatings with specific characteristics
    • C03C2217/734—Anti-reflective coatings with specific characteristics comprising an alternation of high and low refractive indexes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
    • C03C2218/11—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
    • C03C2218/11—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions
    • C03C2218/118—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions by roller-coating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of glass for solar module packaging, in particular to an anti-reflection coated glass for solar module packaging and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a multi-layer anti-reflection coated glass with high light transmittance and high weather resistance for solar module packaging and ⁇ Its manufacturing method.
  • the current mainstream technical solution is to coat the surface of photovoltaic glass with an anti-reflection film, that is, use the sol-gel method to coat a layer of porous silica material on the surface of photovoltaic glass.
  • the methods of coating the glass surface include roller coating, spraying, surface etching and aerosol methods, among which the roller coating method is easy to implement The most widely used application.
  • major photovoltaic glass manufacturers strive to improve the level of AR coating technology, strive to obtain higher light transmittance, and effectively increase the power generation of photovoltaic modules;
  • the Chinese patent discloses a photovoltaic glass coated with a toughened anti-reflection coating and a manufacturing method thereof; it includes a low-iron ultra-white embossed glass substrate and an anti-reflection coating.
  • the iron ultra-white embossed glass substrate has a suede surface on one side and an embossed surface on the other side.
  • the anti-reflection coating is plated on the suede surface of the low-iron ultra-white embossed glass substrate.
  • the anti-reflection coating is anti-reflection
  • the coating solution is applied to the suede surface of the low-iron ultra-white embossed glass substrate, and then the surface is dried, heated and pre-cured, and tempered to form nano-level dioxide on the suede surface of the low-iron ultra-white embossed glass substrate.
  • Silicon film layer The photovoltaic glass plated with a toughened anti-reflection film layer produced by this method has the characteristics of high power generation increment, high film hardness, good acid and alkali resistance, good weather resistance, and high film adhesion.
  • Patent No.: CN200910098519.7 discloses a method for preparing an anti-reflection film on the surface of photovoltaic glass, which is characterized by including the following steps: 1preparation of inorganic-organic hybrid silica sol; 2coating film; 3hydrophobic treatment; 4 Curing treatment:
  • the advantages of the present invention are: the film base bonding force between the anti-reflection film and the substrate photovoltaic glass is stronger, and the anti-wiping performance of the anti-reflection film on the surface of the coated photovoltaic glass is improved; A layer of hydrophobic groups with low surface energy is formed on the surface of the anti-reflection film, thereby reducing the corrosion of the film's microstructure by moisture, and ensuring the long service life of the coated photovoltaic glass; the overall process cost of the present invention is low, the technical route is simple, and it is suitable for industrialization. Scale application.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an anti-reflective photovoltaic coated glass product with high light transmittance and high weather resistance prepared by a multilayer coating process in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.
  • the anti-reflective photovoltaic coated glass The product has the characteristics of high light transmittance, and can realize wide-wavelength antireflection, especially in the infrared and ultraviolet bands.
  • the transmittance is significantly improved, and the high weather resistance can pass more demanding weather resistance tests.
  • an anti-reflective coating glass for solar module encapsulation characterized in that: a first anti-reflective coating layer is plated on the textured surface of the glass substrate for solar module encapsulation, The first anti-reflection coating layer is coated with a second anti-reflection coating layer..., the n-1th anti-reflection coating layer is coated with an nth anti-reflection coating layer; The refractive index of the coating material of one anti-reflection coating layer is greater than the refractive index of the coating material of the second anti-reflection coating layer..., the refractive index of the coating material of the n-1th anti-reflection coating layer is greater than The refractive index of the coating material of the nth anti-reflection coating layer;
  • n is 2 or greater than 2;
  • the preparation process of the coating material includes the following steps: Step 1, the mixture of methyl orthosilicate and methyldiethoxysilane is diluted 2 times with absolute ethanol; then the volume ratio is 1:1: Add 0.1 of anhydrous ethanol, pure water, and acetic acid mixture slowly.
  • Step 2 After stirring for 2-3h at room temperature, let it stand for 1 day to obtain solution A;
  • Step 2 use silica sol with a particle size of less than 20nm and a solid content of 40% to coat the nano Acrylic emulsion, wherein the mass ratio of silica sol and nano acrylic emulsion is 3:1 to obtain B;
  • step 3 add X1% of B to solution A to obtain AB-1, and the corresponding film layer of this solution is the first layer Anti-reflection coating layer; add X2% of B to solution A to obtain AB-2, and the corresponding coating layer of this solution is the second anti-reflection coating layer;
  • ... add Xn% of B to solution A,
  • Obtain AB-n the corresponding film layer of the solution is the nth anti-reflection coating layer; where X1 ⁇ X2... ⁇ Xn;
  • Step 4 use AB-1 solution for the first coating, and then cure at 100°C After 1 minute, cool to below 40°C to obtain the first layer of anti-ref
  • the mass ratio of methyl orthosilicate and methyldiethoxysilane in step 1 is 2:1;
  • the volume of the mixture of methyl orthosilicate and methyldiethoxysilane is X
  • the volume of the mixture of absolute ethanol, pure water, and acetic acid is Y
  • X:Y is 2-4:1 ;
  • the analytical purity of acetic acid described in step 1 is AR grade, and the purity is above 99.95%;
  • a method for preparing anti-reflection coated glass for solar module encapsulation which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1 edging, 2 cleaning, 3 first coating, 4 curing, 5 cooling..., 6 nth Sub-coating, 7 toughened;
  • the coating process of the coating material can be one or a combination of roll coating, spray coating or aerosol coating process;
  • each layer of coating process needs to be heated in a curing oven at 50°C-250°C for 30s-120s, and then through a cooling process of water cooling or air cooling or a combination of the two before the next layer of coating is performed.
  • the present invention has the following advantages: 1High light transmittance, 380-1100nm The light transmittance can reach more than 94.30%; 2Wide-wavelength anti-reflection can be realized, especially in the infrared and ultraviolet bands, the transmittance is obviously improved, and the visible transmittance curve is compared; 3High weather resistance, can pass more harsh weather resistance In the test, the transmittance of the HF40 test does not decrease by more than 1%.
  • the present invention can also perfectly combine the aerosol coating process, further reducing the process difficulty of producing multilayer coating.
  • solidification and cooling processes are required after the coating before the last layer of coating, which effectively guarantees the adhesion of the coating and better guarantees the weather resistance of the coated glass product.
  • the anti-reflective coated glass product for solar module encapsulation described in the present invention has distinct characteristics and obvious application advantages, can effectively promote the improvement of the technical level of the industry, and can also make important contributions to the "cost reduction and efficiency increase" of photovoltaic modules.
  • the manufacturing method described is simple and practical, has strong operability, and effectively guarantees the mass production of the product of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is a product structure diagram of the anti-reflective photovoltaic coated glass in the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a manufacturing process flow chart of the anti-reflective photovoltaic coated glass in the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a comparison diagram of light transmittance curves of anti-reflection photovoltaic coated glass in the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a light transmittance curve of an implementation example of the anti-reflection photovoltaic coated glass in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is an SEM image of the film in the present invention. where image (a) is an SEM image of a cross section of the film, and image (b) is an SEM image of the surface of the film;
  • Fig. 6 is a graph of HF40 test results of the anti-reflection photovoltaic coated glass in the present invention.
  • the manufacturing method of the anti-reflection coated glass for solar module encapsulation in this application is as follows:
  • Step 1 Dilute the mixture of methyl orthosilicate and methyldiethoxysilane twice with absolute ethanol; then slowly add a mixture of absolute ethanol, pure water and acetic acid with a volume ratio of 1:1:0.1. After stirring for 2-3 hours at room temperature, let it stand for 1 day to obtain solution A; the mass ratio of the methyl orthosilicate and methyl diethoxysilane is 2:1; the methyl orthosilicate and methyl The volume of the mixture of diethoxysilane is X, the volume of the mixture of absolute ethanol, pure water, and acetic acid is Y, and X:Y is 2:1; the analytical purity of acetic acid is AR grade, with a purity of 99.95% the above;
  • Step 2 Coating the nano acrylic emulsion with silica sol with a particle size of less than 20 nm and a solid content of 40%, wherein the mass ratio of the silica sol to the nano acrylic emulsion is 3:1 to obtain B;
  • Step 3 Add 1% of B to solution A to obtain AB-1.
  • the refractive index of this solution is 1.50;
  • Step 4 Add 5% of B to solution A to obtain AB-2.
  • the refractive index of the corresponding film of this solution is 1.45;
  • Step 5 Add 10% of B to solution A to obtain AB-3, the refractive index of the corresponding film of this solution is 1.39;
  • Step 6 adding 50% of B to solution A to obtain AB-4, the refractive index of the corresponding film of this solution is 1.30;
  • Step 7 Add 50% of B to solution A to obtain AB-5.
  • the refractive index of the film corresponding to this solution is 1.24;
  • Step 8 According to the above production method, use AB-1 solution for the first coating, then solidify at 100°C for 1 min, and then cool to below 40°C;
  • Step 9 According to the above production method, use the AB-2 solution for the second coating, then solidify at 100°C for 1 min, and cool to below 40°C;
  • Step 10 According to the above production method, use the AB-3 solution for the third coating, then solidify at 100°C for 1 min, and cool to below 40°C;
  • Step 11 According to the above manufacturing method, use AB-4 solution for the fourth coating, then cure at 100°C for 1 min, and cool to below 40°C;
  • Step 12 According to the above production method, use AB-5 solution for the fifth coating, and then cure at 100°C for 1 min;
  • Step 13 normal tempering, to obtain a double-layer high-transmittance coating product.
  • Figure 1 is the product structure diagram of the anti-reflective photovoltaic coated glass obtained in the above embodiment
  • Figure 2 is the manufacturing process flow chart of the anti-reflective photovoltaic coated glass in the above embodiment
  • Figure 3 is the reduction in the above embodiment
  • Figure 4 is the implementation of the anti-reflective photovoltaic coated glass in the above embodiment
  • the light transmittance curve of the example is compared with the light transmittance curve of the original glass
  • Figure 5 is the SEM image of the film layer of the anti-reflective photovoltaic coated glass in the above embodiment, where Figure (a) is the film cross section
  • Figure (b) is the SEM image of the surface of the film
  • Figure 6 is the HF40 test result of the anti-reflective photovoltaic coated glass in the above embodiment.
  • the present invention has the following advantages: 1High light transmittance, 380-1100nm The light transmittance can reach more than 94.30%; 2Wide-wavelength anti-reflection can be realized, especially in the infrared and ultraviolet bands, the transmittance is obviously improved, and the visible transmittance curve is compared; 3High weather resistance, can pass more harsh weather resistance In the test, the transmittance of the HF40 test does not decrease by more than 1%.
  • the present invention can also perfectly combine the aerosol coating process, further reducing the process difficulty of producing multilayer coating.
  • solidification and cooling processes are required after the coating before the last layer of coating, which effectively guarantees the adhesion of the coating and better guarantees the weather resistance of the coated glass product.
  • the anti-reflective coated glass product for solar module encapsulation described in the present invention has distinct characteristics and obvious application advantages, can effectively promote the improvement of the technical level of the industry, and can also make important contributions to the "cost reduction and efficiency increase" of photovoltaic modules.
  • the manufacturing method described is simple and practical, has strong operability, and effectively guarantees the mass production of the product of the present invention.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract

一种太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃及其制造方法，按比例将硅源加入到一定量的无水乙醇中，然后加入一定比例的无水乙醇、纯水、酸催化剂的混合物，室温下搅拌后静置，得到溶液A；制备一定量的纳米粒子B；往溶液A中添加不同比例的B，得到不同折射率的镀膜材料，用于制作镀膜；将不同折射率的镀膜材料按从里到外折射率逐步下降的方式镀在太阳能组件封装用玻璃表面，形成太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃。减反射镀膜玻璃具有透光率高的特点，同时可实现宽波长的增透。

Description

一种太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能组件封装用玻璃技术领域，尤其涉及一种太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃及其制造方法，特别是一种太阳能组件封装用多层高透光率高耐候性减反射镀膜玻璃及其制造方法。
背景技术
为了应对能源危机和环境污染，新能源已是全球关注的焦点，太阳能因其清洁环保尤其备受关注，因而太阳能电池产业发展速度飞快，而摆在人们面前的课题是如何进一步提高太阳能的转换效率、降低太阳能设备的成本，使太阳能电池的成本降低到与常规能源发电相当的水平。
而在我国，太阳能光伏产业以倍增速度快速发展，早已成为全球最大的太阳能电池生产国，目前，我国的太阳能应用市场也发展迅速，已经成为了全球最大的光伏应用市场，但是，分布式光伏应用的发展仍然依靠着政府补贴，也因此受到了很多的制约，而影响太阳能电池推广应用除了政策的原因外，主要是因为它的成本太高，因此，进一步降低制造成本是太阳能电池得以大规模应用的关键，业内人士表示，提高太阳能电池转换效率是降低成本的有效途径之一，据了解，转换效率提高1％，成本会降低7％。
为提高太阳能光伏产品的竞争力，最有效的途径之一是提高太阳电池的转换效率；除了通过各种技术手段提高电池片本身的转换效率外，还应该在提高其封装材料——光伏玻璃的透光率和耐候性等方面提供更好的方案，目前主流的技术方案是在光伏玻璃表面镀减反射膜，即采用溶胶凝胶法，在光伏玻璃表面涂覆一层多孔二氧化硅材料，以降低在特定波段光谱的反射，从而提高光伏玻璃的透光率；在玻璃表面实施镀膜的方式包括辊涂法、喷涂法和表面刻蚀法和气溶胶法等，其中辊涂法因实施方便得到最广泛的应用，目前各大光伏玻璃厂商为了配合光伏组件厂家的发展需求，努力提高AR镀膜技术水平，力争获得更高的透光率，有效的提高光伏组件发电功率；
在上述需求下，人们相继开发出了多种光伏玻璃镀膜技术。如中国专利(专利号：CN201010226020.2)公开了涉及一种镀有可钢化减反射膜层的光伏玻璃及其制作方法；它包括低铁超白压花玻璃基片和减反射膜层，低铁超白压花玻璃基片，其一面为绒面，另一面为压花面，减反射膜层镀制在低铁超白压花玻璃基片的绒面，减反射膜层是将减反射镀膜液涂布到低铁超白压花玻璃基片的绒面，再依次经过表干、加热预固化、钢化，在低铁超白压花玻 璃基片的绒面上形成的纳米级二氧化硅膜层；该方法生产的镀有可钢化减反射膜层的光伏玻璃，具有发电增量高、膜层硬度高、耐酸碱性好、耐候性好、膜层附着力高等特点。
再如中国专利(专利号：CN200910098519.7)，公开了光伏玻璃表面减反射膜的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：①制备无机-有机杂化硅溶胶；②涂膜；③疏水处理；④固化处理；与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：减反射膜与衬底光伏玻璃之间的膜基结合力较强，而提高了镀膜光伏玻璃表面减反膜的耐擦拭性能；在减反射薄膜表面形成一层低表面能的疏水基团，从而减少水分对薄膜微观结构的腐蚀，保证了镀膜光伏玻璃的长使用寿命；本发明整体工艺成本低廉，技术路线简单，适合工业化大规模的应用。
然而，现有的普通AR镀膜技术发展已经遇到了瓶颈，主要存在的问题：①透光率提升遇到瓶颈；②无法实现宽波长增透，尤其是紫外波长段透光率偏低，无法更好地匹配高效太阳能电池发展需求；③耐候性能仍然存在不足，海边等特殊环境应用仍然存在问题。要解决以上问题，需要有更大的创新技术，来提升光伏玻璃生产技术。为此，我们开发了太阳能组件封装用两层或多层高透光率高耐候性减反射镀膜玻璃，并且掌握了其独特的制造方法。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术中的不足，提供一种通过多层镀膜工艺制备的高透光性能、高耐候性能的减反射光伏镀膜玻璃产品，所述减反射光伏镀膜玻璃产品具有透光率高的特点、同时可实现宽波长的增透，尤其在红外和紫外波段透光率提升明显，以及能通过更为苛刻的耐候性能测试的高耐候性能。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案：一种太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃，其特征在于：太阳能组件封装用玻璃基板的绒面上镀制有第一层减反射镀膜层，所述第一层减反射镀膜层上镀制有第二层减反射镀膜层...，所述第n-1层减反射镀膜层上镀制有第n层减反射镀膜层；所述第一层减反射镀膜层的镀膜材料的折射率大于所述第二层减反射镀膜层的镀膜材料的折射率...，所述第n-1层减反射镀膜层的镀膜材料的折射率大于所述第n层减反射镀膜层的镀膜材料的折射率；
作为优选，n为2或大于2；
作为优选，所述镀膜材料的制备工艺包括以下步骤：步骤1，将正硅酸甲酯和甲基二乙氧基硅烷的混合物用无水乙醇稀释2倍；然后将体积比为1:1:0.1的无水乙醇、纯水、醋酸混合物缓慢添加，室温下搅拌2-3h后，静置1天，得到溶液A；步骤2，用粒径小于20nm、固含量40％的硅溶胶包覆纳米丙烯酸乳液，其中硅溶胶和纳米丙烯酸乳液的质量比为3:1，得到B；步骤3，往溶液A中添加X1％的B，得到AB-1，该溶液对应膜层为所述第一层减反射镀 膜层；往溶液A中添加X2％的B，得到AB-2，该溶液对应膜层为所述第二层减反射镀膜层；...，往溶液A中添加Xn％的B，得到AB-n，该溶液对应膜层为所述第n层减反射镀膜层；其中，X1<X2...<Xn；步骤4，第一次镀膜使用AB-1溶液，然后经100℃固化1min后，冷却至40℃以下，得到所述第一层减反射镀膜层；第二次镀膜使用AB-2溶液，然后经100℃固化1min后，冷却至40℃以下，得到所述第一层减反射镀膜层；...，使用AB-n溶液进行第n次镀膜，然后经100℃固化1min；正常钢化，得到多层的减反射镀膜玻璃；
作为优选，步骤1中所述正硅酸甲酯和甲基二乙氧基硅烷的质量比为2：1；
作为优选，所述正硅酸甲酯和甲基二乙氧基硅烷的混合物的体积为X，所述无水乙醇、纯水、醋酸混合物的体积为Y，X:Y为2-4：1；
作为优选，步骤1中所述的醋酸分析纯为AR级别，纯度在99.95％以上；
一种制备太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃的方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：①磨边，②清洗，③第1次镀膜，④固化，⑤冷却......，⑥第n次镀膜，⑦钢化；
作为优选，所述镀膜材料的镀膜工艺可选择辊涂、喷涂或者气溶胶镀膜工艺中的一种或多种相结合；
作为优选，每层镀膜工艺后均需经过50℃-250℃的固化炉加热30s-120s，然后再经过水冷或风冷或两者相结合的冷却工艺后，再进行下一层镀膜。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点：本发明中的太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃产品，相比目前常规光伏镀膜玻璃产品，具有以下优点：①透光率高的特点，380-1100nm透光率可达94.30％以上；②可实现宽波长的增透，尤其在红外和紫外波段透光率提升明显，可见透光率曲线对比；③高耐候性能，能通过更为苛刻的耐候性能测试，在HF40试验透光率下降不超过1％。
太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃的制造方法具有以下特点：
本发明除了采用常规镀膜工艺(如辊涂镀膜)外，更可以完美结合气溶胶镀膜工艺，进一步降低生产多层镀膜的工艺难度。
本发明中，在最后一层镀膜前的镀膜后均需经过固化和冷却工艺，有效保证膜层的附着力，也更好的保证了镀膜玻璃产品的耐候性能。
本发明所阐述的太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃产品，具有鲜明的特点，应用优势明显，能有效推动行业技术水平提升，也能为光伏组件“降本增效”做出重要贡献，本发明阐述的制造方法简洁实用，可操作性强，并有效保障本发明产品的批量化生产。
附图说明
图1为本发明中的减反射光伏镀膜玻璃的产品结构图；
图2为本发明中的减反射光伏镀膜玻璃的制造工艺流程图；
图3为本发明中的减反射光伏镀膜玻璃的透光率曲线对比图；
图4为本发明中的减反射光伏镀膜玻璃的实施实例透光率曲线；
图5为本发明中的膜层SEM图；其中图(a)为膜层截面的SEM图，图(b)为膜层表面的SEM图；
图6为本发明中的减反射光伏镀膜玻璃的HF40试验结果图；
具体实施方式
下面结合图1-6与具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的说明。
本申请中的太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃的制造方法如下：
步骤1，将正硅酸甲酯和甲基二乙氧基硅烷的混合物用无水乙醇稀释2倍；然后将体积比为1:1:0.1的无水乙醇、纯水、醋酸混合物缓慢添加，室温下搅拌2-3h后，静置1天，得到溶液A；所述正硅酸甲酯和甲基二乙氧基硅烷的质量比为2：1；所述正硅酸甲酯和甲基二乙氧基硅烷的混合物的体积为X，所述无水乙醇、纯水、醋酸混合物的体积为Y，X:Y为2：1；所述的醋酸分析纯为AR级别，纯度在99.95％以上；
步骤2，用粒径小于20nm、固含量40％的硅溶胶包覆纳米丙烯酸乳液，其中硅溶胶和纳米丙烯酸乳液的质量比为3:1，得到B；
步骤3，往溶液A中添加1％的B，得到AB-1，该溶液对应膜层折射率为1.50；
步骤4，往溶液A中添加5％的B，得到AB-2，该溶液对应膜层折射率为1.45；
步骤5，往溶液A中添加10％的B，得到AB-3，该溶液对应膜层折射率为1.39；
步骤6，往溶液A中添加50％的B，得到AB-4，该溶液对应膜层折射率为1.30；
步骤7，往溶液A中添加50％的B，得到AB-5，该溶液对应膜层折射率为1.24；
步骤8，按照上述制作方法，第一次镀膜使用AB-1溶液，然后经100℃固化1min后，冷却至40℃以下；
步骤9，按照上述制作方法，使用AB-2溶液进行第二次镀膜，然后经100℃固化1min，冷却至40℃以下；
步骤10，按照上述制作方法，使用AB-3溶液进行第三次镀膜，然后经100℃固化1min，冷却至40℃以下；
步骤11，按照上述制作方法，使用AB-4溶液进行第四次镀膜，然后经100℃固化1min，冷 却至40℃以下；
步骤12，按照上述制作方法，使用AB-5溶液进行第五次镀膜，然后经100℃固化1min；
步骤13，正常钢化，得到双层的高透镀膜产品。
其中图1即为上述实施例所得的减反射光伏镀膜玻璃的产品结构图；图2即为上述实施例中的减反射光伏镀膜玻璃的制造工艺流程图；图3即为上述实施例中的减反射光伏镀膜玻璃的透光率曲线对比图，与其作为对比的是原片和单层镀膜工艺所得的镀膜玻璃的透光率曲线；图4即为上述实施例中的减反射光伏镀膜玻璃的实施实例透光率曲线，与其作为对比的是原片玻璃的透光率曲线；图5即为上述实施例中的减反射光伏镀膜玻璃的膜层SEM图，其中，图(a)为膜层截面的SEM图，图(b)为膜层表面的SEM图；图6即为上述实施例中的减反射光伏镀膜玻璃的HF40试验结果图。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点：本发明中的太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃产品，相比目前常规光伏镀膜玻璃产品，具有以下优点：①透光率高的特点，380-1100nm透光率可达94.30％以上；②可实现宽波长的增透，尤其在红外和紫外波段透光率提升明显，可见透光率曲线对比；③高耐候性能，能通过更为苛刻的耐候性能测试，在HF40试验透光率下降不超过1％。
太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃的制造方法具有以下特点：
本发明除了采用常规镀膜工艺(如辊涂镀膜)外，更可以完美结合气溶胶镀膜工艺，进一步降低生产多层镀膜的工艺难度。
本发明中，在最后一层镀膜前的镀膜后均需经过固化和冷却工艺，有效保证膜层的附着力，也更好的保证了镀膜玻璃产品的耐候性能。
本发明所阐述的太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃产品，具有鲜明的特点，应用优势明显，能有效推动行业技术水平提升，也能为光伏组件“降本增效”做出重要贡献，本发明阐述的制造方法简洁实用，可操作性强，并有效保障本发明产品的批量化生产。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。
综上所述仅体现了本发明的优选技术方案，本领域的技术人员对其中某些部分所可能做出的一些变动均体现了本发明的原理，都应为本发明的技术范畴。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃，其特征在于：太阳能组件封装用玻璃基板的绒面上镀制有第一层减反射镀膜层，所述第一层减反射镀膜层上镀制有第二层减反射镀膜层...，所述第n-1层减反射镀膜层上镀制有第n层减反射镀膜层；所述第一层减反射镀膜层的镀膜材料的折射率大于所述第二层减反射镀膜层的镀膜材料的折射率...，所述第n-1层减反射镀膜层的镀膜材料的折射率大于所述第n层减反射镀膜层的镀膜材料的折射率。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃，其特征在于：n为2或大于2。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的一种太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃，其特征在于：所述镀膜材料的制备工艺包括以下步骤：
    步骤1，将正硅酸甲酯和甲基二乙氧基硅烷的混合物用无水乙醇稀释2倍；然后将体积比为1:1:0.1的无水乙醇、纯水、醋酸混合物缓慢添加，室温下搅拌2-3h后，静置1天，得到溶液A；
    步骤2，用粒径小于20nm、固含量40％的硅溶胶包覆纳米丙烯酸乳液，其中硅溶胶和纳米丙烯酸乳液的质量比为3:1，得到B；
    步骤3，往溶液A中添加X1％的B，得到AB-1，该溶液对应膜层为所述第一层减反射镀膜层；
    往溶液A中添加X2％的B，得到AB-2，该溶液对应膜层为所述第二层减反射镀膜层；
    ...，往溶液A中添加Xn％的B，得到AB-n，该溶液对应膜层为所述第n层减反射镀膜层；
    其中，X1<X2...<Xn；
    步骤4，第一次镀膜使用AB-1溶液，然后经100℃固化1min后，冷却至40℃以下，得到所述第一层减反射镀膜层；
    第二次镀膜使用AB-2溶液，然后经100℃固化1min后，冷却至40℃以下，得到所述第一层减反射镀膜层；
    ...，使用AB-n溶液进行第n次镀膜，然后经100℃固化1min；正常钢化，得到多层的减反射镀膜玻璃。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃，其特征在于：步骤1中所述正硅酸甲酯和甲基二乙氧基硅烷的质量比为2：1。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃，其特征在于：所述正硅酸甲酯和甲基二乙氧基硅烷的混合物的体积为X，所述无水乙醇、纯水、醋酸混合物的体积为Y，X:Y为2-4：1。
  6. 如权利要求3或4所述的一种太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃，其特征在于：步骤1 中所述的醋酸为AR级别，纯度在99.95％以上。
  7. 一种制备如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的太阳能组件封装用减反射镀膜玻璃的方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    ①磨边
    ②清洗
    ③第1次镀膜
    ④固化
    ⑤冷却
    ......
    ⑥第n次镀膜
    ⑦钢化。
  8. 一种制备如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于：所述镀膜材料的镀膜工艺可选择辊涂、喷涂或者气溶胶镀膜工艺中的一种或多种相结合。
  9. 一种制备如权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于：每层镀膜工艺后均需经过50℃-250℃的固化炉加热30s-120s，然后再经过水冷或风冷或两者相结合的冷却工艺后，再进行下一层镀膜。
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