WO2020252881A1 - Axle counting system - Google Patents

Axle counting system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020252881A1
WO2020252881A1 PCT/CN2019/101372 CN2019101372W WO2020252881A1 WO 2020252881 A1 WO2020252881 A1 WO 2020252881A1 CN 2019101372 W CN2019101372 W CN 2019101372W WO 2020252881 A1 WO2020252881 A1 WO 2020252881A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
output
pulse
module
shaping
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2019/101372
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郭丰明
Original Assignee
深圳科安达电子科技股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201910523635.2A external-priority patent/CN110304108B/en
Priority claimed from CN201910522982.3A external-priority patent/CN110293997B/en
Priority claimed from CN201910522967.9A external-priority patent/CN110281976B/en
Application filed by 深圳科安达电子科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳科安达电子科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2020252881A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020252881A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
    • B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
    • B61L1/163—Detection devices
    • B61L1/165—Electrical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
    • B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
    • B61L1/162—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles characterised by the error correction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of railway signals, in particular to an axle counting system.
  • the principle of the axle counting system is to set up two axle counting points in the interval, and set a wheel sensor on the track of each axle counting point.
  • the sensor signal of the wheel sensor is used to sense whether there is a car passing by, and then the number of wheels in the interval is counted.
  • Judge the occupancy of the section when the train is occupied, the train moves in, and when the section is free, the running train leaves.
  • a new axle counting system is provided to analyze the waveform difference formed by the induction plate and the charging blade by processing the shaft pulse signal and interference signal, and then filter the charging blade And other similar interference signals, correctly identify shaft pulses and interference pulses.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an axle counting system in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.
  • the present invention provides an axle counting system, which includes:
  • the shaping module connected to the wheel sensor is configured to generate shaping signals according to the sensing signals of the wheel sensors, and the shaping signals include a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal;
  • the waveform detection module is used to generate waveform characteristic data according to the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal of the shaping signal;
  • a judging module judging whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet a preset condition according to the waveform characteristic data
  • the interference signal filtering module when the judgment result is yes, extract the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal as effective shaping signals and output to the processing module; otherwise, the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal Filter as an interference signal.
  • the waveform characteristic data includes the pulse widths of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal;
  • the preset condition is that the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the pulse width of the second pulse signal are both greater than the fourth preset threshold ;
  • the waveform characteristic data includes the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; the preset condition is that the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal is greater than the second time threshold;
  • the waveform characteristic data includes the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal, and the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; the preset condition is the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal
  • the overlap range of is greater than the second time threshold, and the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the pulse width of the second pulse signal are both greater than the fourth preset threshold.
  • the shaping module includes: a shaping unit, a first output port, and a second output port that are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the sensing unit of the wheel sensor, one end of the shaping unit is connected to the sensing unit, and the other end Are respectively connected to the first output port and the second output port, the shaping unit is used to generate a shaping signal or a fault signal according to the sensing signal of the wheel sensor, the shaping signal is output from the first output port, and the The fault signal is output from the second output port;
  • the axle counting system further includes: a processing module connected to the shaping module, the processing module includes: two processing units, each processing unit is connected to the first output port, and the two processing units are connected in communication
  • the processing unit is configured to detect the waveform of the shaping signal, and when the two processing units detect that the shaping signal conforms to the shaft pulse rule, output the shaping signal as the shaft pulse signal; when the two processing units When it is detected that the pulse width of the shaping signal is greater than the second preset threshold, outputting the first occupation signal; and
  • An isolated output module respectively connected to the second output port of the processing module and the shaping module, and the isolated output module is used to output the fault signal to the axle counter and output the axle pulse signal to the axle counter Board, and output the first occupancy signal to the output board;
  • the first output port of the shaping module is connected to the waveform detection module, and each processing unit of the processing module is connected to the interference signal filtering module.
  • each shaping unit includes: four voltage comparison circuits, each of the voltage comparison circuits is provided with a voltage threshold, each of the voltage comparison circuits includes a first output terminal and a second output terminal, and the four voltage comparison circuits The voltage comparison circuit is sequentially connected through the first output terminal, and the second output terminals are all connected to the processing module,
  • the first voltage comparison circuit receives the sensing signal, and when the voltage of the sensing signal is higher than the first threshold voltage, it outputs a fault signal and the isolation output module; otherwise, it outputs the sensing signal Voltage to the second voltage comparison circuit; when the voltage of the sensing signal is lower than the second threshold voltage, output the fault signal to the isolation output module, otherwise, output the voltage of the sensing signal to the third voltage Comparing circuit; when the voltage of the sensing signal is lower than the third threshold voltage, the output is idle to the processing module, otherwise, the voltage of the sensing signal is output to the fourth voltage comparing circuit; when the sensing signal is The voltage is higher than the fourth threshold voltage, and the occupied pulse is output to the processing module,
  • the first threshold voltage is higher than the fourth threshold voltage
  • the fourth threshold voltage is higher than the third threshold voltage
  • the third threshold voltage is higher than the second threshold voltage
  • the first voltage comparison circuit is provided with the first threshold voltage 9.95V for detecting the disconnection state of the sensing unit
  • the second voltage comparison circuit is provided with the second threshold voltage 5.04V, which is used to detect the off-rail state of the sensing unit;
  • the third voltage comparison circuit is provided with the third threshold voltage 8.25V, which is used to detect the idle state of the sensing unit;
  • the fourth voltage comparison circuit is provided with the fourth threshold voltage 8.45V for detecting the occupancy state of the sensing unit.
  • the axle counting system further includes: a compensation device arranged between the wheel sensor and the shaping module for detecting the first moment when the first wheel induction signal has a pulse and the second wheel induction signal has a pulse At the second time, the time difference between the first time and the second time is determined; according to the time difference, a compensation value is determined according to a preset first compensation strategy to compensate for the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal.
  • the first compensation strategy is: when the time difference is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the compensation value is 2 ⁇ the time difference; when the time difference is greater than the first time threshold, the compensation value is the second time value.
  • the compensation device is also used to obtain the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal; when the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal is less than or equal to a third preset threshold, the compensation of the second wheel induction signal The pulse width is compensated; when the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal is greater than the third preset threshold, the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal is not compensated.
  • the isolated output module includes a first photocoupler, a second photocoupler, and a third photocoupler, and the first photocoupler is connected to the axle counter board for isolating and outputting the axle pulse Signal; the second photocoupler is connected to the axle counter board for isolating and outputting the fault signal; the third photocoupler is connected to the output board for isolating and outputting the occupancy signal.
  • the axle counting system further includes:
  • the axle counter is used to identify the running direction of the train and calculate the number of wheels according to the axle counting signals of the wheel sensors, and to judge whether the section is occupied or free according to the number of wheels of the two wheel sensors.
  • the second occupancy signal is output
  • the judgment result is idle, output an idle signal, where the axle counting signal of the wheel sensor includes the axle pulse signals corresponding to the two sensing units;
  • the output board is used to control the closing or opening of the section according to the first occupation signal, the second occupation signal or the idle signal;
  • an internal power supply module connected to the four sensing units for providing a constant current source for the sensing units
  • a zero reset board which is connected to the axle counter board and the output board;
  • a power supply board including a first power supply module and a second power supply module
  • the first power supply module provides 12V direct current for the amplifying board, the axle counter board, the zero reset board and the output board
  • the second power supply module provides 24V direct current for the axle counter board, the zero reset board and the output board.
  • a shaping module connected to the induction unit of the wheel sensor is arranged to shape the sensing signal to generate a shaping signal, extract the waveform characteristic data according to the two pulse signals of the shaping signal, and then judge according to the waveform characteristic data Whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet the characteristics of axle counting signals to identify abnormal interference pulse signals and improve axle counting accuracy.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an axle counting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnifying plate in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnifying plate shaping module in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shaping unit of the shaping module in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the isolated output module of the amplifying board in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal power module structure of the amplifier board in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axle counter plate in the axle counter system of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the output plate in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the formation of the sensor signal of the wheel sensor in the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a waveform acquisition diagram of the sensor signal of the wheel sensor in the present invention when the axle is lost.
  • Fig. 11 is a pulse diagram when the sensor signal of the wheel sensor loses axle in the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an axle counting system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a structural block diagram of a compensation device in an axle counting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the signal pulse width compensation of the wheel sensor in the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a structural block diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the compensation device in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the axle pulse formed when the wheel passes the wheel sensor and then reverses in the present invention.
  • Fig. 17 is a structural block diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the compensation device in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 18 is a waveform acquisition diagram when the signal of the wheel sensor in the present invention has interference.
  • Fig. 19 is a structural block diagram of a filter device in an axle counting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 20 is a waveform diagram of the interference signal of the wheel sensor in the present invention.
  • Fig. 21 is a waveform diagram of a signal of a wheel sensor.
  • Fig. 1 shows a structural diagram of an axle counting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the axle counting system includes outdoor equipment and indoor equipment.
  • the outdoor equipment includes wheel sensors 11 and 12 on the two axle counting track rails of the section, which are used to detect train wheels.
  • the wheel sensors 11 and 12 include two sensing units, the sensing units 111, 112, 121, 122 respectively generate a sensor signal.
  • the indoor equipment includes an amplifier board 2 connected with the wheel sensors 11 and 12; an axle counter board 3 connected with the amplifier board 2; an output board 4 connected with the axle counter board 3 and the amplifier board 2 respectively; and the axle counter board 3 and the output board 4
  • the sensor unit of the wheel sensor can generate a sensor signal according to the passing of the wheel.
  • the sensor signal includes the first wheel sensor signal and the second wheel sensor signal respectively generated by the two sensor units.
  • the shaping module in the amplifying board 2 senses The signal is reshaped to generate a reshaped signal or obstacle signal, and the fault signal is output to the axle counter board.
  • the waveform of the reshaped signal is detected by the detection module to generate the first occupancy signal and the shaft pulse signal.
  • the first occupancy signal is directly output to the output board.
  • Eliminate the abnormal occupation of the induction unit except for the occupation caused by the train entering the station), input the axis pulse signal generated by the normal occupation of the induction unit to the axle counter for axle counting, judge the train running direction and the section occupied or idle, and output the first Second, the occupied signal and the idle signal are sent to the output board, and the output board closes the section for use according to the second occupied signal, prohibits the train from entering the station, and opens the section for use according to the idle signal, allowing the train to enter the station.
  • the axle counting system of the present invention can react sensitively to the faults of the wheel sensor (including short circuit, open circuit and derailment), and can effectively eliminate the abnormal occupation of the induction unit (for example, the induction unit has sundries close to it).
  • the normal occupancy is calculated to determine the occupancy and vacancy of the interval.
  • Fig. 2 both show the structure diagram of the enlarged board of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the amplifying board 2 includes a shaping module 22, as shown in FIG. 3, which is a structural diagram of the shaping module of the amplifying board according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the shaping module 22 includes shaping units 221-224 connected to the sensing units 111, 112, 121, 122 in one-to-one correspondence, a first output port 225 and a second output port 226, a processing module 23 connected to the first output port 225, and The isolated output module 25 connected to the second output port 226 and the processing module 23, an internal power module 24 for supplying power to the sensing units 111, 112, 121, 122; and a prompt module 21 for detecting whether the working state of the amplifier board is normal .
  • each shaping unit includes a voltage comparison circuit 2201-2204
  • the first, second, and third voltage comparison circuits include a first output terminal A and a second output terminal B
  • the fourth voltage comparison circuit includes a first output terminal A.
  • Fig. 4 shows a structural diagram of an enlarged plate shaping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the shaping unit includes a first voltage comparison circuit 2201, a second voltage comparison circuit 2202, a third voltage comparison circuit 2203, and a fourth voltage comparison circuit 2204 that are sequentially connected through a second output terminal B.
  • the first output terminal A is used to output the Fault signal and shaping signal.
  • the first voltage comparison circuit 2201 is used to detect the disconnection status of the sensing units 111, 112, 121 and 122, and is provided with a first threshold voltage of 9.95V. When the voltage of the sensing signal is higher than the first threshold voltage of 9.95V, the An output terminal A outputs a fault signal to the isolation output module, otherwise the voltage of the sensing signal is output to the second voltage comparison circuit 2202 through the second output terminal B;
  • the second voltage comparison circuit 2202 is used to detect the off-rail state of the sensing units 111, 112, 121 and 122, and is provided with a second threshold voltage of 5.04V. When the voltage of the sensing signal is lower than the second threshold voltage of 5.04V, the first The output terminal A outputs the fault signal to the isolated output module, otherwise the voltage of the sensing signal is output to the third voltage comparison circuit through the second output terminal B;
  • the third voltage comparison circuit 2203 is used to detect the occupancy status of the sensing units 111, 112, 121, and 122, and is provided with a third threshold voltage of 8.25V. When the voltage of the sensing signal is lower than the third threshold voltage, it passes through the first output terminal A The output is idle to the detection module, otherwise the sensing signal is output to the fourth voltage comparison circuit 2204 through the second output terminal B.
  • the fourth voltage comparison circuit 2204 is used to detect the occupancy status of the sensing units 111, 112, 121, and 122, and is provided with a fourth threshold voltage of 8.45V. When the voltage of the sensing signal is higher than the fourth threshold voltage, it passes through the first output terminal A , Output the occupied pulse to the detection module.
  • the state of the sensing signal is determined according to the change trend of the sensing signal voltage.
  • the voltage of the sensing signal is between 8.25V-8.45V, indicating that the sensing units 111, 112, 121, and 122 are in the state transition process.
  • the voltage of the sensing signal is in an upward trend, it indicates that the sensing units 111, 112, 121, and 122 are in the process of transitioning from idle to occupied state.
  • the voltage of the sensing signal is in a downward trend, it indicates that the sensing unit is in an occupied state. Idle state transition process.
  • the present invention includes 4 voltage comparison circuits in the shaping unit, and each voltage comparison circuit is provided with a threshold voltage corresponding to the threshold voltage values of 9.95V, 5.04V, 8.25V and 8.45V respectively.
  • the sensing unit When the sensing unit is in a short circuit/disconnection state, the sensing signal voltage detected by the shaping unit is higher than 9.95V, and the shaping unit outputs a fault signal; when the sensing unit is off rail, the sensing signal voltage detected by the shaping unit is low At 5.04V, the shaping unit outputs a fault signal; when the sensing unit is in an idle state, the shaping unit detects that the voltage of the sensing signal is between 5.04V and 8.25V, and the shaping unit outputs idle; when the sensing unit is in an occupied state, it detects When the voltage of the sensing signal is between 8.45V and 9.95V, the shaping unit outputs a single pulse with a certain pulse width, which is an occupied pulse.
  • the axis pulses of can output the shaping signal through the first output port 225 to the processing module 23 for waveform detection.
  • the output is a fault signal. If a fault occurs, the signal can be directly output to the axle counter through the second output port 226.
  • the shaping module of the present invention can directly output the fault signals generated by the short circuit, open circuit and derailment of the induction unit during the axle counting process, and quickly respond to the fault, thereby ensuring the safety of the train during running.
  • the processing module 23 includes a processing unit 231 and a processing unit 232.
  • the processing unit 231 and the processing unit 232 can respectively receive four groups of shaped signals, detect and identify the waveforms of the shaped signals, and generate corresponding pulse signals according to the detection results.
  • the processing unit 231 and the processing unit 232 may both be CPUs.
  • the processing unit 231 and the processing unit 232 both detect that the shaping signal is a complete pulse waveform and the pulse width is less than the first preset threshold, it indicates that the induction unit is normally occupied by the train, and the shaping signal is output as an axle pulse signal (AZ signal),
  • the axis pulse signal is a regular pulse; when the processing unit 231 and the processing unit 232 both detect that the pulse width formed by the shaping signal waveform exceeds the second preset threshold (for example, 500ms), it indicates that the sensing unit has been disturbed.
  • the second preset threshold for example, 500ms
  • the processing module 23 in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a two-out-of-two architecture. Through two CPUs, each CPU independently detects the waveforms of the 4 shaping signals output by the shaping unit, and independently generates 4 sets of pulse signals, and compares the two sets. Whether the CPU detection results are consistent (that is, whether they are all AZ signals or all AK signals), if so, the CPU detection results are redundantly output.
  • the two out of two architecture can ensure the accuracy of the waveform detection process.
  • Fig. 5 shows the structure diagram of the isolated output module of the amplifier board according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the isolated output module 25 includes photocouplers 251-253. Both the photocoupler 251 and the photocoupler 252 are connected to the axle counter board 3, the photocoupler 253 is connected to the output board 4, and the axle counter board 3 is connected to the output board 4.
  • the photocoupler 251 can output the axle pulse signal to the axle counter board 3, the photocoupler 252 can output the fault signal to the axle counter board 3, and the photocoupler 253 can output the first occupation signal to the output board 4.
  • Fig. 6 shows the structure diagram of the internal power module of the amplifier board according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the internal power supply module 24 includes an overcurrent protection fuse 240 for accessing 12VDC and a power converter 241 connected to the fuse 240; it is used to convert one 12V DC voltage into four relatively independent 12V DC voltages to ensure the generation of power supply and External 12V power supply isolation; the voltage regulator 242 ⁇ 245 connected to the power converter 241, model LP2951, is used to generate a 10VDC 5mA constant current source from a 12V DC voltage, and the internal power module 24 generates four independent constant current sources 246- 249: One-to-one correspondence supplies power to the sensing units 111, 112, 121, and 122.
  • the internal power module of the amplifying board of the present invention can provide four independent constant current sources to respectively supply the corresponding four sensing units, without being interfered by external power sources, and can reflect the impedance change of the sensing unit as a voltage change.
  • the amplifying board also includes a prompt module 21, which includes an LED display board, including a RUN indicator, which is always on to indicate that the amplifying board is working normally, and off to indicate that the amplifying board is not working; FUA indicator, which is always on to indicate that the amplifying board is running incorrectly, and is off.
  • a prompt module 21 which includes an LED display board, including a RUN indicator, which is always on to indicate that the amplifying board is working normally, and off to indicate that the amplifying board is not working; FUA indicator, which is always on to indicate that the amplifying board is running incorrectly, and is off.
  • the amplifier board is fault-free; the CAN indicator light connected to the CAN bus of the amplifier board flashes to indicate that the CAN bus has data exchange, and goes out to indicate that the CAN bus function is not used; the ER indicator connected to the wheel sensor includes four one-to-one corresponding induction units 111 , 112, 121 and 122 red LED lights, always on to indicate the corresponding sensor unit, may detect: connection cable open circuit, connection cable short circuit and wheel sensor installation loose; corresponding to the sensor units 111, 112, 121 and 122 one-to-one S1.1, S1.2, S2.1, S2.2 buttons.
  • the S button Press the S button to simulate the occupancy of the corresponding sensor unit, and release the S button to restore the idle state of the sensor unit; and the OC indicator light connected to the sensor units 111, 112, 121, and 122.
  • the steady light indicates that the corresponding sensor unit is occupied (sensor If sensing object, sensor open circuit, sensor short circuit, sensor looseness are detected on the upper part, the light off indicates that the corresponding sensor unit is idle.
  • the prompt module the operating status of the axle counting system can be observed intuitively. If there is an error status, it can be checked and repaired in time to avoid potential safety hazards.
  • Fig. 7 shows the structure diagram of the axle counter plate according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the axle counter 3 includes a first judgment module 31 and a second judgment module 32.
  • the first judgment module 31 and the second judgment module 32 are connected through the output terminal C of the first judgment module 31, and the output terminal of the second judgment module 32 D Connect output board 4.
  • the first judgment module 31 is used to identify the running direction of the train and calculate the number of wheels according to the axle counting signal of the wheel sensor, wherein the axle counting signal of the wheel sensor includes the axle pulse signals of the two sensing units of the wheel sensor; the second judgment module 32 According to the number of wheels, determine the occupancy/idle state of the section.
  • the axle counting board 3 axle counting process When the first judgment module 31 receives the axle pulse signal, it compares the time sequence of the axle pulse signals (AZ signals) generated by the two sensing units of the wheel sensor to judge the direction of train movement, and The number of wheels is calculated according to the number of axle pulse signals of the wheel sensor, and then the number of wheels is output to the second judgment module 32 through the output terminal C.
  • AZ signals the time sequence of the axle pulse signals
  • the second judgment module 32 judges the occupied/idle state of the section according to the number of wheels. For example, when the number of wheels meets the preset number, the section is in the occupied state, and the output terminal D outputs the second occupancy signal to the output board 4; otherwise, the section is in the idle state and outputs the idle signal to the output board 4.
  • the output board 4 is connected with the amplifier board 2 and the axle counter board 3, as shown in FIG. 8, which shows the structure diagram of the output board in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the output board 4 can receive the first occupancy signal generated by the abnormal occupancy of the amplifying board 2, and can also receive the second occupancy signal/idle signal output by the axle counter board 3 according to the axle counter signal to determine the interval occupancy/idle state.
  • the judgment and selection module 41 of the output board 4 can trigger the first drive 42 to close the use of the section according to the first and second occupancy signals, prohibit other trains from entering the station, or can trigger the second drive 43 to open the section according to the idle signal Normal use, allowing trains to enter the station.
  • the axle counting system also includes a zero-resetting board 5, which is connected to the axle-counting board 3 and the output board 4, and the data of the axle-counting board 3 and the output board 4 can be cleared through the zero-resetting board 5.
  • the zero reset board 5 automatically clears the data on the axle counter 3 and the output board 4, or you can manually control the reset board 5 to control the axle counter 3 and output
  • the data of board 4 can be cleared. For example, after the axle counting system has eliminated the fault, it can be cleared manually.
  • the axle counting system also includes a power supply board 6.
  • the power supply board 6 is a two-in-one power supply, including two power supplies of 12VDC and 24VDC. It provides 12V DC for the amplifier board 2, the axle counting board 3, the output board 4 and the zeroing board 5, and also Provide 24V direct current for axle counter 3, output board 4 and zero reset board 5.
  • the two sensing units SI and SII respectively induce and form pulse signals. Since the train wheels pass through the two magnetic heads of the wheel sensor one after another, the two pulse signals must meet the characteristics of overlap in order to be considered as a valid sensor signal of the wheel sensor. As shown in Figure 9, the two pulse signals The phase relationship of represents the direction of wheel movement, and the system uses this to identify the direction of wheel movement.
  • the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention further includes a compensation device 70 arranged between the wheel sensors 11, 12 and the shaping module 22.
  • the compensation device 70 It includes: a signal acquisition module 71, a detection calculation module 72, and a compensation module 73.
  • the signal acquisition module 71 is used to acquire the first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal of the two sensing units of the wheel sensor; the detection calculation module 72 uses When detecting the first moment when the pulse of the first wheel induction signal appears and the second moment when the pulse of the second wheel induction signal appears, the time difference between the first moment and the second moment is determined; the compensation module 73 is used for For the time difference, a compensation value is determined according to a preset first compensation strategy to compensate the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal.
  • the first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal are both pulse signals, and the two partially overlap.
  • the pulse widths of the first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal are T 1 and T 2 , respectively, and the detection calculation module 72 is used to detect pulses of the first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal.
  • the compensation module 73 is used for substituting the time difference T 3 into the first compensation strategy to calculate the compensation value T 5 , and to compensate the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal.
  • the compensated pulse width is T 2 +T 5 to avoid being affected by the first wheel
  • the induction signal is completely covered, and after compensation, it complies with the superposition rule of two pulse signals in the axle counting signal of the wheel sensor to avoid the phenomenon of axle loss.
  • the first compensation strategy is: when the time difference T 3 is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the compensation value T 5 is 2 ⁇ the time difference T 3 ; when the time difference T 3 is greater than the first time threshold, The compensation value T 5 is the second time value.
  • the first time threshold value is 50 milliseconds
  • the second time value is 100 milliseconds.
  • the compensation device 70 includes: a signal acquisition module 71, a detection calculation module 72, a compensation module 73, and a pulse width detection module 74, where the signal acquisition module 71 is used for Obtain the first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal of the two sensing units of the wheel sensor; the detection calculation module 72 is used to detect the first moment when the pulse of the first wheel sensing signal appears and the second wheel sensing signal appearing The second moment of the pulse is used to determine the time difference between the first moment and the second moment; the pulse width detection module 74 is used to obtain the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal; the compensation module 73 is used to detect the second wheel induction signal When the pulse width is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, according to the time difference, the compensation value is determined according to the preset first compensation strategy to compensate the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal; when the second wheel induction signal When the pulse width of is greater than the third preset threshold, the pulse width of the second wheel
  • a pulse width detection module 40 is further provided in the compensation device 70 to obtain the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal before performing the pulse width compensation on the second wheel induction signal.
  • the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal can be compensated; when the second wheel induction signal pulse When the width is greater than the third preset threshold, it is determined that the train is decelerating, stopping, or going backwards, and the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal is not compensated.
  • the third preset threshold value is 600 milliseconds.
  • the speed of the train is about 2 km/h.
  • the compensation device 70 includes: a strategy formulation module 75, a signal acquisition module 71, a detection calculation module 72, and a compensation module 73, wherein the strategy formulation module 75 is used to respond When the operating state of the wheel sensor changes, the first compensation strategy is detected and determined according to the operating data of the wheel sensor; the signal acquisition module 71 is used to acquire the first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal of the two sensing units of the wheel sensor Wheel induction signal; the detection calculation module 72 is used to detect the first time when the first wheel induction signal has a pulse and the second time when the second wheel induction signal has a pulse, and determine the difference between the first time and the second time Time difference; the compensation module 73 is configured to determine a compensation value according to the time difference according to a preset first compensation strategy, so as to compensate the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal.
  • the strategy formulation module 75 is used to respond When the operating state of the wheel sensor changes, the first compensation strategy is detected and determined according to the operating data of the wheel sensor; the signal acquisition module
  • the strategy formulation module 75 includes: an acquisition unit 7501, a first detection calculation unit 7502, a second detection calculation unit 7503, and a statistics and formulation unit 7504.
  • the monitoring unit 7501 is configured to respond to changes in the operating state of the wheel sensors, The first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal of the two sensing units of the wheel sensor are acquired through the signal acquisition module 71;
  • the first detection calculation unit 7502 is used to detect the pulse width of the first wheel sensing signal and the second The pulse width of the wheel induction signal determines the pulse width difference between the first wheel induction signal and the second wheel induction signal;
  • the second detection and calculation unit 7503 is used to detect the first moment when the first wheel induction signal appears pulse and the first time The second moment when the pulse of the two-wheel induction signal appears to determine the time difference between the first moment and the second moment;
  • the statistics and formulation unit 7504 is used to perform statistical analysis on the pulse width difference and the time difference, and determine according to the statistical analysis result The first compensation strategy.
  • the applicant found that the axle counting signals of all wheel sensors The pulse width difference of the two pulse signals is less than 2 ⁇ time difference.
  • the first compensation strategy is determined as follows: when the time difference T 3 is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the compensation value T 5 is 2 ⁇ the time difference T 3 ; when the time difference T 3 is greater than the first time threshold, the compensation value T 5 is the second time value. Further, the first time threshold value is 50 milliseconds, and the second time value is 100 milliseconds.
  • the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention further includes a first output port 225 provided in the shaping module 22 and processing units 231, 232 of the processing module 23.
  • the filtering device 80 includes a waveform detection module 82, a judgment module 83 and an interference signal filtering module 84, wherein the shaping signal output by the shaping module 22 includes the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; the waveform detection module 82 is used to generate waveform characteristic data according to the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; the judgment module 83 is used to judge whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet preset conditions according to the waveform characteristic data;
  • the signal filtering module 84 is used to extract the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal as valid shaping signals and output to the processing module 23 when the judgment result is yes; otherwise, the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal The pulse signal is filtered as an interference signal.
  • the induction plate or the charging blade When the induction plate or the charging blade approaches the magnetic head of the wheel sensor, it causes the magnetic field of the magnetic head to change.
  • the induction circuit connected to the magnetic head generates an induction signal corresponding to the magnetic field change.
  • the shaping module 22 generates a pulse signal according to the induction signal. Specifically, the shaping module 22 At least one threshold voltage is set inside. When the voltage value of the sensing signal is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage, a pulse is generated; when the voltage value of the sensing signal is less than the threshold voltage, no pulse is generated. Therefore, the corresponding voltage value of the pulse part is greater than or equal to The sensing signal of the threshold voltage.
  • the two pulse signals Since the train wheels pass the two magnetic heads of the wheel sensor one after another, the two pulse signals must meet the characteristics of overlap in order to be considered as an effective shaping signal of the wheel sensor. As shown in Figure 9, the two pulse signals The phase relationship represents the direction of movement of the wheel, and the system uses this to identify the direction of the wheel.
  • the interference pulse signals generated by the charging blades approaching the two magnetic heads in turn are shown in Fig. 20, and there is no overlap range of the two interference pulses.
  • the interference pulse signal generally has a very short duration. Therefore, in the first preferred embodiment, the waveform characteristic data includes: the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.
  • the waveform detection module 82 is used to obtain the pulse width t 12 -t 11 of the first pulse signal and obtain the pulse width t 22 -t 21 of the second pulse signal.
  • the preset condition is that the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the pulse width of the second pulse signal are both greater than the fourth preset threshold. Therefore, the judging module 83 is used to obtain the first pulse signal from the waveform detection module 83.
  • the pulse width t 12- t 11 of the pulse signal and the pulse width t 22- t 21 of the second pulse signal determine whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet a preset condition.
  • the waveform characteristic data is the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.
  • the waveform detection module 82 is used to obtain the appearance time t 11 and disappearance time t 12 of the pulse edge of the first pulse signal, and obtain the appearance time t of the pulse edge of the second pulse signal. 21 and the disappearing time t 22 ; the overlapping range t 12 -t 21 of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal is determined according to the disappearing time t 12 of the first pulse signal and the appearance time t 21 of the second pulse signal.
  • the preset condition is that the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal is greater than the second time threshold.
  • the judgment module 83 is used to determine the overlap range t 12 -t 21 obtained by the waveform detection module 82 It is determined whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet a preset condition.
  • the second time threshold is 2 ms.
  • the waveform characteristic data includes: (i) the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal, and (ii) the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.
  • the waveform detection module 82 is used to obtain the appearance time t 11 and disappearance time t 12 of the pulse edge of the first pulse signal, and obtain the appearance time t 21 and disappearance time of the pulse edge of the second pulse signal.
  • Time t 22 then, obtain the pulse width t 12- t 11 of the first pulse signal, and obtain the pulse width t 22- t 21 of the second pulse signal; then, according to the disappearance time t 12 of the first pulse signal and the The occurrence time t 21 of the second pulse signal determines the overlap range t 12 -t 21 of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.
  • the preset condition is that the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal is greater than the second time threshold, and the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the pulse width of the second pulse signal are both greater than the fourth preset threshold . Then, the judging module 83 is used for the overlap range t 12 -t 21 obtained by the waveform detection module 82, the pulse width of the first pulse signal t 12- t 11 , and the pulse width of the second pulse signal t 22- t 21 It is determined whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet a preset condition.
  • the waveform detection module 82 may further include a waveform diagram generation unit and a feature extraction unit, and the waveform diagram generation unit is configured to perform the processing on the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal respectively. Waveform detection to obtain a first waveform diagram and a second waveform diagram respectively; the feature extraction unit is used for extracting waveform feature data according to the first waveform diagram and the second waveform diagram.
  • the interference signal filtering module 84 extracts the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal as effective shaping signals and outputs them to the processing module 23 when the preset conditions are met; when the preset conditions are not met, the first The pulse signal and the second pulse signal are filtered as interference signals.

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Abstract

An axle counting system, comprising: a shaping module (22); a waveform detection module (82); a determining module (83); and an interference signal filtering module (84). The shaping module (22) which is connected to sensing units (111, 112, 121, 122) of wheel sensors (11, 12) is configured to shape sensing signals to generate shaping signals, waveform characteristic data is extracted according to two pulse signals of the shaping signals, and whether a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal satisfy an axle counting signal feature is determined according to the waveform characteristic data to identify an abnormal interference pulse signal. The axle counting accuracy is improved.

Description

一种计轴***Axle counting system 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及铁路信号技术领域，具体涉及一种计轴***。The invention relates to the technical field of railway signals, in particular to an axle counting system.
背景技术Background technique
铁路运输已经成为我们现在最主要的远距离交通工具，因此，铁路运输过程需要精准监控。在铁路运输***中，区间段的使用状况必须要做到实时准确监控，区间段在检测到占用状态时，可以关闭该区间段，防止其他列车进入该行驶区间，区间段空闲怎正常开始该区间段的使用。为了检查轨道区段占用/空闲状态，引入了计轴***，通过检查区间段计轴点之间的轴数情况，判断区段内是否有车占用。Railway transportation has become our main long-distance transportation tool. Therefore, the railway transportation process requires precise monitoring. In the railway transportation system, the use status of the section must be monitored accurately in real time. When the occupancy status of the section is detected, the section can be closed to prevent other trains from entering the running section. How can the section start the section when it is idle? Use of segments. In order to check the occupancy/vacancy status of the track section, an axle counting system is introduced. By checking the number of axles between the axle counting points in the section, it is judged whether there is car occupancy in the section.
计轴***原理是在区间段设置两个计轴点，在每个计轴点的轨道上设置车轮传感器，通过车轮传感器的传感信号来感应是否有车经过，然后统计区间段的车轮数量来判断区间段占用情况，占用的时候紧张列车驶进，区间段空闲后，运行列车驶出。The principle of the axle counting system is to set up two axle counting points in the interval, and set a wheel sensor on the track of each axle counting point. The sensor signal of the wheel sensor is used to sense whether there is a car passing by, and then the number of wheels in the interval is counted. Judge the occupancy of the section, when the train is occupied, the train moves in, and when the section is free, the running train leaves.
计轴***在运营过程中，因外部干扰，常常产生异常脉冲，列车经过传感器形成的连续波形如图18所示，图18中位于两端的波形为感应板产生的，位于中间的两个波形为充电刀片的干扰波形，上述情形导致计轴设备输出异常占用，特别是运用在有轨电车的信号控制***中，列车采用蓄电池供电，列车停留在车站时，给蓄电池充电，充电刀片干扰计轴传感器，形成异常脉冲的概率非常大。During the operation of the axle counting system, due to external interference, abnormal pulses are often generated. The continuous waveform formed by the train passing through the sensor is shown in Figure 18. The waveforms at the two ends in Figure 18 are generated by the induction plate, and the two waveforms in the middle are The interference waveform of the charging blade. The above situation causes the output of the axle counting equipment to be abnormally occupied, especially in the signal control system of the tram. The train is powered by the battery. When the train stays at the station, the battery is charged, and the charging blade interferes with the axle counting sensor , The probability of forming an abnormal pulse is very high.
鉴于此，克服以上现有技术中的缺陷，提供一种新的计轴***，以通过处理轴脉冲信号和干扰信号，针对感应板和充电刀片感应所形成的波形差异进行分析，然后过滤充电刀片等类似的干扰信号，正确识别轴脉冲和干扰脉冲。In view of this, to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, a new axle counting system is provided to analyze the waveform difference formed by the induction plate and the charging blade by processing the shaft pulse signal and interference signal, and then filter the charging blade And other similar interference signals, correctly identify shaft pulses and interference pulses.
鉴于此，克服以上现有技术中的缺陷，提供一种新的计轴***成为本领域 亟待解决的技术问题。In view of this, overcoming the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art and providing a new axle counting system has become an urgent technical problem in this field.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的上述缺陷，提供一种计轴***。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an axle counting system in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.
本发明的目的可通过以下的技术措施来实现：The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical measures:
本发明提供了一种计轴***，所述计轴***包括：The present invention provides an axle counting system, which includes:
与车轮传感器相连的整形模块，用于分别根据所述车轮传感器的传感信号产生整形信号，所述整形信号包括第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号；The shaping module connected to the wheel sensor is configured to generate shaping signals according to the sensing signals of the wheel sensors, and the shaping signals include a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal;
波形检测模块，用于根据整形信号的第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号生成波形特征数据；The waveform detection module is used to generate waveform characteristic data according to the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal of the shaping signal;
判断模块，根据所述波形特征数据判断第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号是否满足预设条件；A judging module, judging whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet a preset condition according to the waveform characteristic data;
干扰信号过滤模块，当判断结果为是时，提取所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号作为有效的整形信号输出至所述处理模块；否则，将第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号作为干扰信号进行过滤。The interference signal filtering module, when the judgment result is yes, extract the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal as effective shaping signals and output to the processing module; otherwise, the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal Filter as an interference signal.
优选地，所述波形特征数据包括第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度；所述预设条件为第一脉冲信号的脉冲宽度和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度均大于第四预设阈值；Preferably, the waveform characteristic data includes the pulse widths of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; the preset condition is that the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the pulse width of the second pulse signal are both greater than the fourth preset threshold ；
或，所述波形特征数据包括第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围；所述预设条件为第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围大于第二时间阈值；Or, the waveform characteristic data includes the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; the preset condition is that the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal is greater than the second time threshold;
或，所述波形特征数据包括第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围，和第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度；所述预设条件为第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围大于第二时间阈值且第一脉冲信号的脉冲宽度和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度均大于第四预设阈值。Or, the waveform characteristic data includes the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal, and the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; the preset condition is the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal The overlap range of is greater than the second time threshold, and the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the pulse width of the second pulse signal are both greater than the fourth preset threshold.
优选地，所述整形模块包括：与所述车轮传感器的感应单元一一对应设置 的整形单元、第一输出端口和第二输出端口，所述整形单元的一端与所述感应单元相连，另一端分别与第一输出端口和第二输出端口相连，所述整形单元用于根据所述车轮传感器的传感信号产生整形信号或者故障信号，所述整形信号从所述第一输出端口输出，所述故障信号从所述第二输出端口输出；Preferably, the shaping module includes: a shaping unit, a first output port, and a second output port that are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the sensing unit of the wheel sensor, one end of the shaping unit is connected to the sensing unit, and the other end Are respectively connected to the first output port and the second output port, the shaping unit is used to generate a shaping signal or a fault signal according to the sensing signal of the wheel sensor, the shaping signal is output from the first output port, and the The fault signal is output from the second output port;
所述计轴***还包括：与所述整形模块连接的处理模块，所述处理模块包括：两个处理单元，每个处理单元与所述第一输出端口相连，两个处理单元之间通信连接，所述处理单元用于检测所述整形信号的波形，当所述两个处理单元检测到整形信号符合轴脉冲规则时，将所述整形信号作为轴脉冲信号输出；当所述两个处理单元检测到整形信号的脉冲宽度均大于所述第二预设阈值时，输出第一占用信号；以及The axle counting system further includes: a processing module connected to the shaping module, the processing module includes: two processing units, each processing unit is connected to the first output port, and the two processing units are connected in communication The processing unit is configured to detect the waveform of the shaping signal, and when the two processing units detect that the shaping signal conforms to the shaft pulse rule, output the shaping signal as the shaft pulse signal; when the two processing units When it is detected that the pulse width of the shaping signal is greater than the second preset threshold, outputting the first occupation signal; and
与所述处理模块和所述整形模块的所述第二输出端口分别相连的隔离输出模块，所述隔离输出模块用于输出所述故障信号至计轴板、输出所述轴脉冲信号至计轴板、以及输出所述第一占用信号至输出板；An isolated output module respectively connected to the second output port of the processing module and the shaping module, and the isolated output module is used to output the fault signal to the axle counter and output the axle pulse signal to the axle counter Board, and output the first occupancy signal to the output board;
所述整形模块的第一输出端口与所述波形检测模块连接，所述处理模块的各处理单元与所述干扰信号过滤模块连接。The first output port of the shaping module is connected to the waveform detection module, and each processing unit of the processing module is connected to the interference signal filtering module.
优选地，每个整形单元包括：四个电压比较电路，每个所述电压比较电路设有一个电压门限，每个所述电压比较电路包括第一输出端和第二输出端，四个所述电压比较电路通过所述第一输出端依次相连，所述第二输出端均与所述处理模块相连，Preferably, each shaping unit includes: four voltage comparison circuits, each of the voltage comparison circuits is provided with a voltage threshold, each of the voltage comparison circuits includes a first output terminal and a second output terminal, and the four voltage comparison circuits The voltage comparison circuit is sequentially connected through the first output terminal, and the second output terminals are all connected to the processing module,
所述第一电压比较电路接收所述传感信号，当所述传感信号的电压高于第一门限电压时，输出故障信号和至所述隔离输出模块，否则，输出所述传感信号的电压至第二电压比较电路；当所述传感信号的电压低于第二门限电压时，输出所述故障信号至所述隔离输出模块，否则，输出所述传感信号的电压至第三电压比较电路；当所述传感信号的电压低于第三门限电压，输出空闲至所述 处理模块，否则，输出所述传感信号的电压至第四电压比较电路；当所述传感信号的电压高于第四门限电压，输出占用脉冲至所述处理模块，The first voltage comparison circuit receives the sensing signal, and when the voltage of the sensing signal is higher than the first threshold voltage, it outputs a fault signal and the isolation output module; otherwise, it outputs the sensing signal Voltage to the second voltage comparison circuit; when the voltage of the sensing signal is lower than the second threshold voltage, output the fault signal to the isolation output module, otherwise, output the voltage of the sensing signal to the third voltage Comparing circuit; when the voltage of the sensing signal is lower than the third threshold voltage, the output is idle to the processing module, otherwise, the voltage of the sensing signal is output to the fourth voltage comparing circuit; when the sensing signal is The voltage is higher than the fourth threshold voltage, and the occupied pulse is output to the processing module,
其中，所述第一门限电压高于所述第四门限电压，所述第四门限电压高于所述第三门限电压，所述第三门限电压高于所述第二门限电压。Wherein, the first threshold voltage is higher than the fourth threshold voltage, the fourth threshold voltage is higher than the third threshold voltage, and the third threshold voltage is higher than the second threshold voltage.
优选地，所述第一电压比较电路，设有所述第一门限电压9.95V，用于检测所述感应单元断线状态；Preferably, the first voltage comparison circuit is provided with the first threshold voltage 9.95V for detecting the disconnection state of the sensing unit;
所述第二电压比较电路，设有所述第二门限电压5.04V，用于检测所述感应单元离轨状态；The second voltage comparison circuit is provided with the second threshold voltage 5.04V, which is used to detect the off-rail state of the sensing unit;
所述第三电压比较电路，设有所述第三门限电压8.25V，用于检测所述感应单元空闲状态；The third voltage comparison circuit is provided with the third threshold voltage 8.25V, which is used to detect the idle state of the sensing unit;
所述第四电压比较电路，设有所述第四门限电压8.45V，用于检测所述感应单元占用状态。The fourth voltage comparison circuit is provided with the fourth threshold voltage 8.45V for detecting the occupancy state of the sensing unit.
优选地，所述计轴***还包括：设于所述车轮传感器和所述整形模块之间的补偿装置，用于检测第一车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第一时刻和第二车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第二时刻，确定第一时刻和第二时刻之间的时间差；根据所述时间差，按照预设的第一补偿策略确定补偿值，以对所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度进行补偿。Preferably, the axle counting system further includes: a compensation device arranged between the wheel sensor and the shaping module for detecting the first moment when the first wheel induction signal has a pulse and the second wheel induction signal has a pulse At the second time, the time difference between the first time and the second time is determined; according to the time difference, a compensation value is determined according to a preset first compensation strategy to compensate for the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal.
优选地，所述第一补偿策略为：当所述时间差小于或等于第一时间阈值时，补偿值为2×时间差；当所述时间差大于第一时间阈值时，补偿值为第二时间值。Preferably, the first compensation strategy is: when the time difference is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the compensation value is 2×the time difference; when the time difference is greater than the first time threshold, the compensation value is the second time value.
优选地，所述补偿装置还用于获取所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度；当第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度小于或等于第三预设阈值时，对所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度进行补偿；当第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度大于第三预设阈值时，不对所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度进行补偿。Preferably, the compensation device is also used to obtain the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal; when the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal is less than or equal to a third preset threshold, the compensation of the second wheel induction signal The pulse width is compensated; when the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal is greater than the third preset threshold, the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal is not compensated.
优选地，所述隔离输出模块包括第一光电耦合器、第二光电耦合器和第三 光电耦合器，所述第一光电耦合器与所述计轴板相连，用于隔离输出所述轴脉冲信号；所述第二光电耦合器与所述计轴板相连，用于隔离输出所述故障信号；所述第三光电耦合器与所述输出板相连，用于隔离输出所述占用信号。Preferably, the isolated output module includes a first photocoupler, a second photocoupler, and a third photocoupler, and the first photocoupler is connected to the axle counter board for isolating and outputting the axle pulse Signal; the second photocoupler is connected to the axle counter board for isolating and outputting the fault signal; the third photocoupler is connected to the output board for isolating and outputting the occupancy signal.
优选地，所述计轴***还包括：Preferably, the axle counting system further includes:
计轴板，用于根据车轮传感器的计轴信号识别列车运行方向并计算车轮数量，以及根据两个车轮传感器的车轮数量判断区间段占用或空闲，当判断结果为占用时，输出第二占用信号，当判断结果为空闲时，输出空闲信号，其中，车轮传感器的计轴信号包括对应两个感应单元的轴脉冲信号；The axle counter is used to identify the running direction of the train and calculate the number of wheels according to the axle counting signals of the wheel sensors, and to judge whether the section is occupied or free according to the number of wheels of the two wheel sensors. When the judgment result is occupied, the second occupancy signal is output , When the judgment result is idle, output an idle signal, where the axle counting signal of the wheel sensor includes the axle pulse signals corresponding to the two sensing units;
输出板，用于根据所述第一占用信号、第二占用信号或空闲信号控制区间段关闭或开启；The output board is used to control the closing or opening of the section according to the first occupation signal, the second occupation signal or the idle signal;
和/或，与四个感应单元相连的内部电源模块，用于给所述感应单元提供恒流源；And/or, an internal power supply module connected to the four sensing units for providing a constant current source for the sensing units;
和/或，复零板，所述复零板与所述计轴板和所述输出板相连；And/or, a zero reset board, which is connected to the axle counter board and the output board;
和/或，电源板，包括第一电源模块和第二电源模块，所述第一电源模块为所述放大板、所述计轴板、所述复零板和所述输出板提供12V直流电，所述第二电源模块为所述计轴板、所述复零板和所述输出板提供24V直流电。And/or, a power supply board, including a first power supply module and a second power supply module, the first power supply module provides 12V direct current for the amplifying board, the axle counter board, the zero reset board and the output board, The second power supply module provides 24V direct current for the axle counter board, the zero reset board and the output board.
本发明的计轴***，通过设置与车轮传感器的感应单元连接的整形模块对该传感信号进行整形，产生整形信号，根据整形信号的两个脉冲信号提取波形特征数据，再根据波形特征数据判断第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号是否满足计轴信号特征，以识别异常的干扰脉冲信号，提高计轴准确性。In the axle counting system of the present invention, a shaping module connected to the induction unit of the wheel sensor is arranged to shape the sensing signal to generate a shaping signal, extract the waveform characteristic data according to the two pulse signals of the shaping signal, and then judge according to the waveform characteristic data Whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet the characteristics of axle counting signals to identify abnormal interference pulse signals and improve axle counting accuracy.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是本发明实施例的计轴***结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an axle counting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图2是本发明实施例的计轴***中放大板结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnifying plate in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
图3是本发明实施例的计轴***中放大板整形模块的结构示意图。3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnifying plate shaping module in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
图4是本发明实施例的计轴***中整形模块的整形单元的结构示意图。4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shaping unit of the shaping module in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
图5是本发明实施例的计轴***中放大板的隔离输出模块的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the isolated output module of the amplifying board in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
图6是本发明实施例的计轴***中放大板的内电源模块结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal power module structure of the amplifier board in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
图7是本发明实施例的计轴***中计轴板的结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axle counter plate in the axle counter system of the embodiment of the present invention.
图8是本发明实施例的计轴***中输出板的结构示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the output plate in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
图9是本发明中车轮传感器的传感信号形成的原理图。Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the formation of the sensor signal of the wheel sensor in the present invention.
图10是本发明中车轮传感器的传感信号丢轴时的波形采集图。Fig. 10 is a waveform acquisition diagram of the sensor signal of the wheel sensor in the present invention when the axle is lost.
图11是本发明中车轮传感器的传感信号丢轴时的脉冲图。Fig. 11 is a pulse diagram when the sensor signal of the wheel sensor loses axle in the present invention.
图12是本发明优选实施例的计轴***的结构示意图。Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an axle counting system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图13是本发明实施例的计轴***中补偿装置的结构框图。Fig. 13 is a structural block diagram of a compensation device in an axle counting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图14是本发明中车轮传感器的信号脉冲宽度补偿的原理图。Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the signal pulse width compensation of the wheel sensor in the present invention.
图15是本发明实施例的计轴***中补偿装置的第一优选实施方式结构框图。Fig. 15 is a structural block diagram of the first preferred embodiment of the compensation device in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
图16是本发明中车轮经过车轮传感器后倒退时形成的轴脉冲示意图。Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the axle pulse formed when the wheel passes the wheel sensor and then reverses in the present invention.
图17是本发明实施例的计轴***中补偿装置的第二优选实施方式结构框图。Fig. 17 is a structural block diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the compensation device in the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention.
图18是本发明中车轮传感器的信号有干扰时的波形采集图。Fig. 18 is a waveform acquisition diagram when the signal of the wheel sensor in the present invention has interference.
图19是本本发明实施例的计轴***中过滤装置的结构框图。Fig. 19 is a structural block diagram of a filter device in an axle counting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图20是本发明中车轮传感器的干扰信号的波形图。Fig. 20 is a waveform diagram of the interference signal of the wheel sensor in the present invention.
图21是车轮传感器的信号的波形图。Fig. 21 is a waveform diagram of a signal of a wheel sensor.
[根据细则91更正 17.10.2019]　
[Corrected according to Rule 91 on 17.10.2019]
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
为了使本揭示内容的叙述更加详尽与完备，下文针对本发明的实施方式与 具体实施例提出了说明性的描述；但这并非实施或运用本发明具体实施例的唯一形式。实施方式中涵盖了多个具体实施例的特征以及用以建构与操作这些具体实施例的方法步骤与其顺序。然而，亦可利用其它具体实施例来达成相同或均等的功能与步骤顺序。In order to make the description of the present disclosure more detailed and complete, the following provides an illustrative description of the embodiments and specific embodiments of the present invention; this is not the only way to implement or use the specific embodiments of the present invention. The implementation manners cover the characteristics of a number of specific embodiments and the method steps and sequences used to construct and operate these specific embodiments. However, other specific embodiments can also be used to achieve the same or equal functions and sequence of steps.
如图1所示，图1展示了本发明实施例的计轴***结构图。计轴***包括室外设备和室内设备。室外设备包括设于区间段的两个计轴点车轨上的车轮传感器11和车轮传感器12，用于检测列车车轮，车轮传感器11、12包括两个感应单元，感应单元111、112、121、122分别对应产生一个传感信号。室内设备包括与车轮传感器11、12相连的放大板2；与放大板2连接的计轴板3；分别与计轴板3和放大板2相连的输出板4；与计轴板3和输出板4相连的复零板5；用于放大板2、计轴板3、输出板4和复零板5供电的电源板6。As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 1 shows a structural diagram of an axle counting system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The axle counting system includes outdoor equipment and indoor equipment. The outdoor equipment includes wheel sensors 11 and 12 on the two axle counting track rails of the section, which are used to detect train wheels. The wheel sensors 11 and 12 include two sensing units, the sensing units 111, 112, 121, 122 respectively generate a sensor signal. The indoor equipment includes an amplifier board 2 connected with the wheel sensors 11 and 12; an axle counter board 3 connected with the amplifier board 2; an output board 4 connected with the axle counter board 3 and the amplifier board 2 respectively; and the axle counter board 3 and the output board 4 The connected zero reset board 5; the power supply board 6 used for the amplifier board 2, the axle counter board 3, the output board 4 and the zero reset board 5.
车轮传感器的感应单元能够根据车轮驶过产生传感信号，该传感信号包括分别由两个感应单元产生的第一车轮感应信号和第二车轮感应信号，放大板2中的整形模块对传感信号进行整形产生整形信号或障碍信号，将故障信号输出至计轴板将整形信号的波形通过检测模块进行检测，产生第一占用信号和轴脉冲信号，其中第一占用信号直接输出到输出板，剔除感应单元的非正常占用(除了列车进站造成的占用)，将感应单元的正常占用产生的轴脉冲信号输入到计轴板进行计轴，判断列车运行方向和区间段占用或空闲，输出第二占用信号和空闲信号到输出板，输出板则根据第二占用信号关闭区间段使用，禁止列车进站，根据空闲信号，开启区间段使用，允许列车进站。本发明的计轴***能够对车轮传感器的故障(包括短路、断路和离轨)做出灵敏反应，还能有效剔除感应单元的非正常占用(例如：感应单元有杂物贴近)，对感应单元的正常占用进行计算，判断区间段的占用和空闲。The sensor unit of the wheel sensor can generate a sensor signal according to the passing of the wheel. The sensor signal includes the first wheel sensor signal and the second wheel sensor signal respectively generated by the two sensor units. The shaping module in the amplifying board 2 senses The signal is reshaped to generate a reshaped signal or obstacle signal, and the fault signal is output to the axle counter board. The waveform of the reshaped signal is detected by the detection module to generate the first occupancy signal and the shaft pulse signal. The first occupancy signal is directly output to the output board. Eliminate the abnormal occupation of the induction unit (except for the occupation caused by the train entering the station), input the axis pulse signal generated by the normal occupation of the induction unit to the axle counter for axle counting, judge the train running direction and the section occupied or idle, and output the first Second, the occupied signal and the idle signal are sent to the output board, and the output board closes the section for use according to the second occupied signal, prohibits the train from entering the station, and opens the section for use according to the idle signal, allowing the train to enter the station. The axle counting system of the present invention can react sensitively to the faults of the wheel sensor (including short circuit, open circuit and derailment), and can effectively eliminate the abnormal occupation of the induction unit (for example, the induction unit has sundries close to it). The normal occupancy is calculated to determine the occupancy and vacancy of the interval.
图2所示，图2都展示了本发明实施例的放大板结构图。该放大板2包括 整形模块22，如图3，图3是本发明实施例放大板的整形模块结构图。整形模块22包括与感应单元111、112、121、122一一对应相连的整形单元221-224、第一输出端口225和第二输出端口226，与第一输出端口225相连的处理模块23，与第二输出端口226和处理模块23都相连的隔离输出模块25，用于给感应单元111、112、121、122供电的内电源模块24；以及用于检测放大板工作状态是否正常的提示模块21。As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 both show the structure diagram of the enlarged board of the embodiment of the present invention. The amplifying board 2 includes a shaping module 22, as shown in FIG. 3, which is a structural diagram of the shaping module of the amplifying board according to the embodiment of the present invention. The shaping module 22 includes shaping units 221-224 connected to the sensing units 111, 112, 121, 122 in one-to-one correspondence, a first output port 225 and a second output port 226, a processing module 23 connected to the first output port 225, and The isolated output module 25 connected to the second output port 226 and the processing module 23, an internal power module 24 for supplying power to the sensing units 111, 112, 121, 122; and a prompt module 21 for detecting whether the working state of the amplifier board is normal .
其中，每个整形单元都包括电压比较电路2201-2204，第一、第二和第三电压比较电路包括第一输出端A和第二输出端B，第四压比较电路包括第一输出端A。如图4，图4展示了本发明实施例放大板整形单元的结构图。整形单元包括通过第二输出端B依次相连的第一电压比较电路2201、第二电压比较电路2202、第三电压比较电路2203和第四电压比较电路2204，第一输出端A用于输出产生的故障信号和整形信号。Among them, each shaping unit includes a voltage comparison circuit 2201-2204, the first, second, and third voltage comparison circuits include a first output terminal A and a second output terminal B, and the fourth voltage comparison circuit includes a first output terminal A. . As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 4 shows a structural diagram of an enlarged plate shaping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. The shaping unit includes a first voltage comparison circuit 2201, a second voltage comparison circuit 2202, a third voltage comparison circuit 2203, and a fourth voltage comparison circuit 2204 that are sequentially connected through a second output terminal B. The first output terminal A is used to output the Fault signal and shaping signal.
第一电压比较电路2201，用于检测感应单元111、112、121和122断线状态，设有第一门限电压9.95V，当传感信号的电压高于第一门限电压9.95V时，通过第一输出端A输出故障信号至隔离输出模块，否则通过第二输出端B输出传感信号的电压至第二电压比较电路2202；The first voltage comparison circuit 2201 is used to detect the disconnection status of the sensing units 111, 112, 121 and 122, and is provided with a first threshold voltage of 9.95V. When the voltage of the sensing signal is higher than the first threshold voltage of 9.95V, the An output terminal A outputs a fault signal to the isolation output module, otherwise the voltage of the sensing signal is output to the second voltage comparison circuit 2202 through the second output terminal B;
第二电压比较电路2202，用于检测感应单元111、112、121和122离轨状态，设有第二门限电压5.04V，当传感信号的电压低于第二门限电压5.04V，通过第一输出端A输出故障信号至隔离输出模块，否则通过第二输出端B输出传感信号的电压至第三电压比较电路；The second voltage comparison circuit 2202 is used to detect the off-rail state of the sensing units 111, 112, 121 and 122, and is provided with a second threshold voltage of 5.04V. When the voltage of the sensing signal is lower than the second threshold voltage of 5.04V, the first The output terminal A outputs the fault signal to the isolated output module, otherwise the voltage of the sensing signal is output to the third voltage comparison circuit through the second output terminal B;
第三电压比较电路2203，用于检测感应单元111、112、121和122占用状态，设有第三门限电压8.25V，当传感信号的电压低于第三门限电压，通过第一输出端A输出空闲至检测模块，否则通过第二输出端B输出传感信号至第四电压比较电路2204。The third voltage comparison circuit 2203 is used to detect the occupancy status of the sensing units 111, 112, 121, and 122, and is provided with a third threshold voltage of 8.25V. When the voltage of the sensing signal is lower than the third threshold voltage, it passes through the first output terminal A The output is idle to the detection module, otherwise the sensing signal is output to the fourth voltage comparison circuit 2204 through the second output terminal B.
第四电压比较电路2204，用于检测感应单元111、112、121和122占用状态，设有第四门限电压8.45V，当传感信号的电压高于第四门限电压，通过第一输出端A，输出占用脉冲至检测模块。The fourth voltage comparison circuit 2204 is used to detect the occupancy status of the sensing units 111, 112, 121, and 122, and is provided with a fourth threshold voltage of 8.45V. When the voltage of the sensing signal is higher than the fourth threshold voltage, it passes through the first output terminal A , Output the occupied pulse to the detection module.
为了进一步的确定车轮传感器处于占用还是空闲的状态，根据传感信号电压的变化趋势来判断传感信号处于的状态。传感信号的电压在8.25V-8.45V之间的，表明感应单元111、112、121和122处于状态转换过程。当传感信号的电压处于上升的趋势情况下，表明感应单元111、112、121和122处于空闲至占用状态转换过程，当传感信号的电压处于下降趋势的情况下，表明感应单元处于占用至空闲状态转换过程。In order to further determine whether the wheel sensor is in an occupied or idle state, the state of the sensing signal is determined according to the change trend of the sensing signal voltage. The voltage of the sensing signal is between 8.25V-8.45V, indicating that the sensing units 111, 112, 121, and 122 are in the state transition process. When the voltage of the sensing signal is in an upward trend, it indicates that the sensing units 111, 112, 121, and 122 are in the process of transitioning from idle to occupied state. When the voltage of the sensing signal is in a downward trend, it indicates that the sensing unit is in an occupied state. Idle state transition process.
本发明在整形单元中包括4个电压比较电路，每个电压比较电路设有一个门限电压，分别对应门限电压值9.95V、5.04V、8.25V和8.45V。当感应单元处于短路/断线状态时，整形单元检测到的传感信号电压高于9.95V，整形单元输出故障信号；当感应单元处于离轨状态时，整形单元检测到的传感信号电压低于5.04V，整形单元输出故障信号；当感应单元处于空闲状态时，整形单元检测到传感信号的电压在5.04V～8.25V之间，整形单元输出空闲；当感应单元处于占用状态时，检测到传感信号的电压在8.45V～9.95V之间，整形单元输出一个有一定的脉宽的单脉冲，即为占用脉冲。The present invention includes 4 voltage comparison circuits in the shaping unit, and each voltage comparison circuit is provided with a threshold voltage corresponding to the threshold voltage values of 9.95V, 5.04V, 8.25V and 8.45V respectively. When the sensing unit is in a short circuit/disconnection state, the sensing signal voltage detected by the shaping unit is higher than 9.95V, and the shaping unit outputs a fault signal; when the sensing unit is off rail, the sensing signal voltage detected by the shaping unit is low At 5.04V, the shaping unit outputs a fault signal; when the sensing unit is in an idle state, the shaping unit detects that the voltage of the sensing signal is between 5.04V and 8.25V, and the shaping unit outputs idle; when the sensing unit is in an occupied state, it detects When the voltage of the sensing signal is between 8.45V and 9.95V, the shaping unit outputs a single pulse with a certain pulse width, which is an occupied pulse.
在没有出现故障(短路、断路和离轨)的情况下，如果区间段内没有车，则会一直输出空闲，如果区间段内有车，则输出的是空闲—占用—空闲，这为一个完整的轴脉冲，则能够通过第一输出端口225输出整形信号到处理模块23中，进行波形检测。In the absence of faults (short circuit, open circuit and derailment), if there is no car in the interval, it will always output idle. If there is a car in the interval, the output will be idle-occupied-idle, which is a complete The axis pulses of, can output the shaping signal through the first output port 225 to the processing module 23 for waveform detection.
在出现故障(短路、断路和离轨)的情况下，输出是一个故障信号。若出现故障信号可以通过第二输出端口226直接输出到计轴板。In the event of a fault (short circuit, open circuit and off-rail), the output is a fault signal. If a fault occurs, the signal can be directly output to the axle counter through the second output port 226.
本发明的整形模块能够将计轴过程中感应单元的短路、断路和离轨产生的 故障信号，直接输出对故障迅速做出反应，保证列车行驶过程中的安全。The shaping module of the present invention can directly output the fault signals generated by the short circuit, open circuit and derailment of the induction unit during the axle counting process, and quickly respond to the fault, thereby ensuring the safety of the train during running.
处理模块23包括处理单元231和处理单元232，处理单元231和处理单元232能够分别接收四组整形信号，并对整形信号的波形进行检测识别，根据检测结果产生相应的脉冲信号。处理单元231和处理单元232可以均为CPU。当处理单元231和处理单元232都检测到整形信号为完整脉冲波形且脉冲宽度小于第一预设阈值时，表明感应单元被列车正常占用，将该整形信号作为轴脉冲信号(AZ信号)输出，该轴脉冲信号即为符合规则的在脉冲；当处理单元231和处理单元232都检测到整形信号波形形成的脉冲宽度超过了第二预设阈值(例如，为500ms)时，表明感应单元被非正常占用(即感应单元被除列车外的占用)，输出第一占用信号(AK信号)。处理单元231和处理单元232之间通信连接，只有两个处理单元检测结果一致时才冗余输出AZ信号或AK信号。The processing module 23 includes a processing unit 231 and a processing unit 232. The processing unit 231 and the processing unit 232 can respectively receive four groups of shaped signals, detect and identify the waveforms of the shaped signals, and generate corresponding pulse signals according to the detection results. The processing unit 231 and the processing unit 232 may both be CPUs. When the processing unit 231 and the processing unit 232 both detect that the shaping signal is a complete pulse waveform and the pulse width is less than the first preset threshold, it indicates that the induction unit is normally occupied by the train, and the shaping signal is output as an axle pulse signal (AZ signal), The axis pulse signal is a regular pulse; when the processing unit 231 and the processing unit 232 both detect that the pulse width formed by the shaping signal waveform exceeds the second preset threshold (for example, 500ms), it indicates that the sensing unit has been disturbed. Normally occupied (that is, the sensing unit is occupied by other than the train), output the first occupied signal (AK signal). There is a communication connection between the processing unit 231 and the processing unit 232, and the AZ signal or the AK signal is redundantly output only when the detection results of the two processing units are consistent.
本发明实施例中的处理模块23采用二取二的架构，通过两个CPU，每个CPU进行独立的检测整形单元输出的4个整形信号的波形，并独立产生4组脉冲信号，比较两组CPU检测结果是否一致(即是否都是AZ信号或者都是AK信号)，若是，则冗余输出CPU的检测结果。二取二架构能够保证波形检测过程的准确性。The processing module 23 in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a two-out-of-two architecture. Through two CPUs, each CPU independently detects the waveforms of the 4 shaping signals output by the shaping unit, and independently generates 4 sets of pulse signals, and compares the two sets. Whether the CPU detection results are consistent (that is, whether they are all AZ signals or all AK signals), if so, the CPU detection results are redundantly output. The two out of two architecture can ensure the accuracy of the waveform detection process.
如图5，图5展示了本发明实施例放大板的隔离输出模块结构图。隔离输出模块25包括光电耦合器251-253，光电耦合器251和光电耦合器252都与计轴板3相连，光电耦合器253和输出板4相连，且计轴板3和输出板4相连。光电耦合器251可以将轴脉冲信号输出至计轴板3，光电耦合器252可以将故障信号输出至计轴板3，光电耦合器253可以将第一占用信号输出至输出板4。As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 5 shows the structure diagram of the isolated output module of the amplifier board according to the embodiment of the present invention. The isolated output module 25 includes photocouplers 251-253. Both the photocoupler 251 and the photocoupler 252 are connected to the axle counter board 3, the photocoupler 253 is connected to the output board 4, and the axle counter board 3 is connected to the output board 4. The photocoupler 251 can output the axle pulse signal to the axle counter board 3, the photocoupler 252 can output the fault signal to the axle counter board 3, and the photocoupler 253 can output the first occupation signal to the output board 4.
如图6，图6展示了本发明实施例放大板的内电源模块结构图。内电源模块24包括用于接入12VDC的过流保护保险丝240，与保险丝240相连的电源转换器241；用于将一路12V直流电压转换为4路相对独立的12V直流电压，保证 产生供电电源与外接12V电源隔离；电源转换器241相连的电压调节器242～245，型号为LP2951，用于将12V直流电压电压产生10VDC 5mA的恒流源，内电源模块24产生四路独立恒流源246-249，一一对应为感应单元111、112、121和122供电。As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 6 shows the structure diagram of the internal power module of the amplifier board according to the embodiment of the present invention. The internal power supply module 24 includes an overcurrent protection fuse 240 for accessing 12VDC and a power converter 241 connected to the fuse 240; it is used to convert one 12V DC voltage into four relatively independent 12V DC voltages to ensure the generation of power supply and External 12V power supply isolation; the voltage regulator 242～245 connected to the power converter 241, model LP2951, is used to generate a 10VDC 5mA constant current source from a 12V DC voltage, and the internal power module 24 generates four independent constant current sources 246- 249: One-to-one correspondence supplies power to the sensing units 111, 112, 121, and 122.
本发明的放大板的内电源模块能够提供四路独立的恒流源分别供给对应的四个感应单元，不受外界电源的干扰，能够将感应单元的阻抗变化体现为电压变化。The internal power module of the amplifying board of the present invention can provide four independent constant current sources to respectively supply the corresponding four sensing units, without being interfered by external power sources, and can reflect the impedance change of the sensing unit as a voltage change.
放大板还包括提示模块21，提示模块21包括LED显示板，包括RUN指示灯，常亮指示放大板正常工作，熄灭指示放大板不工作；FUA指示灯，常亮指示放大板运行错误，熄灭指示放大板无故障；与放大板CAN总线相连的CAN指示灯，闪烁指示CAN总线有数据交换，熄灭指示未使用CAN总线功能；与车轮传感器相连的ER指示灯，包括四个一一对应感应单元111、112、121和122的红色LED灯，常亮指示对应的感应单元，可能检测到：连接电缆开路、连接电缆短路和车轮传感器安装松动；与感应单元111、112、121和122一一对应的S1.1、S1.2、S2.1、S2.2按钮。按下S按钮用于模拟对应的感应单元的占用，释放S按钮对应传感器单元恢复空闲状态；以及与感应单元111、112、121和122相连的OC指示灯，常亮指示对应传感器单元占用(传感器上探测到感应物、传感器开路、传感器短路、传感器松动)，熄灭指示对应传感器单元空闲。通过提示模块可以直观的观察计轴***运行状态，如果出现错误状态可以及时进行检查修复，避免造成安全隐患。The amplifying board also includes a prompt module 21, which includes an LED display board, including a RUN indicator, which is always on to indicate that the amplifying board is working normally, and off to indicate that the amplifying board is not working; FUA indicator, which is always on to indicate that the amplifying board is running incorrectly, and is off. The amplifier board is fault-free; the CAN indicator light connected to the CAN bus of the amplifier board flashes to indicate that the CAN bus has data exchange, and goes out to indicate that the CAN bus function is not used; the ER indicator connected to the wheel sensor includes four one-to-one corresponding induction units 111 , 112, 121 and 122 red LED lights, always on to indicate the corresponding sensor unit, may detect: connection cable open circuit, connection cable short circuit and wheel sensor installation loose; corresponding to the sensor units 111, 112, 121 and 122 one-to-one S1.1, S1.2, S2.1, S2.2 buttons. Press the S button to simulate the occupancy of the corresponding sensor unit, and release the S button to restore the idle state of the sensor unit; and the OC indicator light connected to the sensor units 111, 112, 121, and 122. The steady light indicates that the corresponding sensor unit is occupied (sensor If sensing object, sensor open circuit, sensor short circuit, sensor looseness are detected on the upper part, the light off indicates that the corresponding sensor unit is idle. Through the prompt module, the operating status of the axle counting system can be observed intuitively. If there is an error status, it can be checked and repaired in time to avoid potential safety hazards.
如图7所示，图7展示了本发明实施例计轴板的结构图。计轴板3包括第一判断模块31和第二判断模块32，第一判断模块31和第二判断模块32之间通过第一判断模块31的输出端C相连，第二判断模块32的输出端D连接输出板4。第一判断模块31用于根据车轮传感器的计轴信号识别列车运行方向并计算 车轮数量，其中，车轮传感器的计轴信号包括该车轮传感器的两个感应单元的轴脉冲信号；第二判断模块32根据车轮数量，判断区间段占用/空闲状态。As shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 7 shows the structure diagram of the axle counter plate according to the embodiment of the present invention. The axle counter 3 includes a first judgment module 31 and a second judgment module 32. The first judgment module 31 and the second judgment module 32 are connected through the output terminal C of the first judgment module 31, and the output terminal of the second judgment module 32 D Connect output board 4. The first judgment module 31 is used to identify the running direction of the train and calculate the number of wheels according to the axle counting signal of the wheel sensor, wherein the axle counting signal of the wheel sensor includes the axle pulse signals of the two sensing units of the wheel sensor; the second judgment module 32 According to the number of wheels, determine the occupancy/idle state of the section.
计轴板3计轴过程：当第一判断模块31接收到轴脉冲信号时，比较车轮传感器的两个感应单元的轴脉冲信号(AZ信号)产生的时间先后，来判断列车运行的方向，并对根据车轮传感器的轴脉冲信号数量来计算车轮数量，然后通过输出端C输出车轮数量至第二判断模块32。The axle counting board 3 axle counting process: When the first judgment module 31 receives the axle pulse signal, it compares the time sequence of the axle pulse signals (AZ signals) generated by the two sensing units of the wheel sensor to judge the direction of train movement, and The number of wheels is calculated according to the number of axle pulse signals of the wheel sensor, and then the number of wheels is output to the second judgment module 32 through the output terminal C.
第二判断模块32，根据车轮数量来判断区间段的占用/空闲状态。例如，当车轮数量符合预设数量时，该区间段处于占用状态，输出端D输出第二占用信号至输出板4；否则，该区间段处于空闲状态，输出空闲信号至输出板4。The second judgment module 32 judges the occupied/idle state of the section according to the number of wheels. For example, when the number of wheels meets the preset number, the section is in the occupied state, and the output terminal D outputs the second occupancy signal to the output board 4; otherwise, the section is in the idle state and outputs the idle signal to the output board 4.
输出板4与放大板2和计轴板3均相连，如图8，图8展示了本发明实施例输出板的结构图。输出板4可以接收放大板2中非正常占用产生的第一占用信号，也可以接收计轴板3根据计轴信号判断区间段占用/空闲状态输出的第二占用信号/空闲信号。输出板4的判断选择模块41可以根据第一、第二占用信号触发第一驱动42关闭该区间段的使用，禁止其他列车进站，或者可以根据空闲信号触发第二驱动43开启该区间段的正常使用，允许列车进站。The output board 4 is connected with the amplifier board 2 and the axle counter board 3, as shown in FIG. 8, which shows the structure diagram of the output board in the embodiment of the present invention. The output board 4 can receive the first occupancy signal generated by the abnormal occupancy of the amplifying board 2, and can also receive the second occupancy signal/idle signal output by the axle counter board 3 according to the axle counter signal to determine the interval occupancy/idle state. The judgment and selection module 41 of the output board 4 can trigger the first drive 42 to close the use of the section according to the first and second occupancy signals, prohibit other trains from entering the station, or can trigger the second drive 43 to open the section according to the idle signal Normal use, allowing trains to enter the station.
另外，计轴***还包括复零板5，复零板5与计轴板3和输出板4相连，可以通过复零板5对计轴板3和输出板4的数据进行清零。例如，当计轴输出板的车轮数量变化满足条件，复零板5自动对计轴板3和输出板4的数据进行清零，也可以通过人工控制复零板5对计轴板3和输出板4的数据进行清零，比如计轴***排除故障后，可以进行人工操作清零。In addition, the axle counting system also includes a zero-resetting board 5, which is connected to the axle-counting board 3 and the output board 4, and the data of the axle-counting board 3 and the output board 4 can be cleared through the zero-resetting board 5. For example, when the number of wheels on the axle counter output board changes to meet the conditions, the zero reset board 5 automatically clears the data on the axle counter 3 and the output board 4, or you can manually control the reset board 5 to control the axle counter 3 and output The data of board 4 can be cleared. For example, after the axle counting system has eliminated the fault, it can be cleared manually.
计轴***还包括电源板6，电源板6为二合一电源，包括12VDC和24VDC两种电源，为放大板2、计轴板3、输出板4和复零板5提供12V直流电，同时也为计轴板3、输出板4和复零板5提供24V直流电。The axle counting system also includes a power supply board 6. The power supply board 6 is a two-in-one power supply, including two power supplies of 12VDC and 24VDC. It provides 12V DC for the amplifier board 2, the axle counting board 3, the output board 4 and the zeroing board 5, and also Provide 24V direct current for axle counter 3, output board 4 and zero reset board 5.
车轮跨越车轮传感器时，两个感应单元SⅠ和SⅡ分别感应形成脉冲信号。 由于列车车轮先后经过车轮传感器的两个磁头，于是，两路脉冲信号必须满足有先后有重叠的特征，才被认为是有效的车轮传感器的传感信号，如图9所示，两路脉冲信号的相位关系代表车轮的运动方向，***以此来识别车轮运行方向。When the wheel crosses the wheel sensor, the two sensing units SI and SII respectively induce and form pulse signals. Since the train wheels pass through the two magnetic heads of the wheel sensor one after another, the two pulse signals must meet the characteristics of overlap in order to be considered as a valid sensor signal of the wheel sensor. As shown in Figure 9, the two pulse signals The phase relationship of represents the direction of wheel movement, and the system uses this to identify the direction of wheel movement.
在列出运营过程中发现车轮传感器计轴存在丢轴的现象，测量到丢轴时车轮传感器形成的波形如下图10和图11所示，形成的传感信号波形中SI脉冲上升沿和下降沿完全覆盖SII脉冲，不符合图9车轮传感器的传感信号中两路脉冲信号的叠加规则，则出现丢轴情况。In the process of listing and operation, it was found that the wheel sensor shaft was lost. The waveform formed by the wheel sensor when the axle was measured is shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11. The rising edge and falling edge of the SI pulse in the formed sensing signal waveform The SII pulse is completely covered. If the superposition rule of the two pulse signals in the sensor signal of the wheel sensor in Figure 9 is not met, the axle will be lost.
为了防止上述丢轴的发生，请参阅图12和图13所示，本发明实施例的计轴***进一步包括设于车轮传感器11,12和整形模块22之间的补偿装置70，该补偿装置70包括：信号采集模块71、检测计算模块72和补偿模块73，其中，信号采集模块71用于获取车轮传感器的两个感应单元的第一车轮感应信号和第二车轮感应信号；检测计算模块72用于检测所述第一车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第一时刻和所述第二车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第二时刻，确定第一时刻和第二时刻之间的时间差；补偿模块73用于根据所述时间差，按照预设的第一补偿策略确定补偿值，以对所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度进行补偿。In order to prevent the occurrence of the aforementioned axle loss, please refer to FIGS. 12 and 13, the axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention further includes a compensation device 70 arranged between the wheel sensors 11, 12 and the shaping module 22. The compensation device 70 It includes: a signal acquisition module 71, a detection calculation module 72, and a compensation module 73. The signal acquisition module 71 is used to acquire the first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal of the two sensing units of the wheel sensor; the detection calculation module 72 uses When detecting the first moment when the pulse of the first wheel induction signal appears and the second moment when the pulse of the second wheel induction signal appears, the time difference between the first moment and the second moment is determined; the compensation module 73 is used for For the time difference, a compensation value is determined according to a preset first compensation strategy to compensate the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal.
在本实施例中，第一车轮感应信号和第二车轮感应信号均为脉冲信号，二者部分重叠。In this embodiment, the first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal are both pulse signals, and the two partially overlap.
请参阅图14所示，第一车轮感应信号和第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度分别为T 1和T 2，检测计算模块72用于分别检测第一车轮感应信号和第二车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第一时刻t 1和第二时刻t 2，计算时间差T 3＝t 2-t 1。 Please refer to FIG. 14, the pulse widths of the first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal are T 1 and T 2 , respectively, and the detection calculation module 72 is used to detect pulses of the first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal. At the first time t 1 and the second time t 2 , the time difference T 3 =t 2 -t 1 is calculated.
补偿模块73用于将时间差T 3代入第一补偿策略中计算补偿值T 5，对第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度进行补偿，补偿后的脉冲宽度为T 2+T 5，避免被第一车轮感应信号完全覆盖，补偿后符合车轮传感器的计轴信号中两路脉冲信号的叠加规则，避免丢轴现象出现。 The compensation module 73 is used for substituting the time difference T 3 into the first compensation strategy to calculate the compensation value T 5 , and to compensate the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal. The compensated pulse width is T 2 +T 5 to avoid being affected by the first wheel The induction signal is completely covered, and after compensation, it complies with the superposition rule of two pulse signals in the axle counting signal of the wheel sensor to avoid the phenomenon of axle loss.
具体地，所述第一补偿策略为：当所述时间差T 3小于或等于第一时间阈值时，补偿值T 5为2×时间差T 3；当所述时间差T 3大于第一时间阈值时，补偿值T 5为第二时间值。 Specifically, the first compensation strategy is: when the time difference T 3 is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the compensation value T 5 is 2×the time difference T 3 ; when the time difference T 3 is greater than the first time threshold, The compensation value T 5 is the second time value.
进一步地，所述第一时间阈值为50毫秒，所述第二时间值为100毫秒。Further, the first time threshold value is 50 milliseconds, and the second time value is 100 milliseconds.
在以上实施例的基础上，请参阅图15所示，所述补偿装置70包括：信号采集模块71、检测计算模块72、补偿模块73和脉冲宽度检测模块74，其中，信号采集模块71用于获取车轮传感器的两个感应单元的第一车轮感应信号和第二车轮感应信号；检测计算模块72用于检测所述第一车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第一时刻和所述第二车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第二时刻，确定第一时刻和第二时刻之间的时间差；脉冲宽度检测模块74用于获取所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度；补偿模块73用于当第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度小于或等于第三预设阈值时，根据所述时间差，按照预设的第一补偿策略确定补偿值，以对所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度进行补偿；当第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度大于第三预设阈值时，不对所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度进行补偿。On the basis of the above embodiments, please refer to FIG. 15, the compensation device 70 includes: a signal acquisition module 71, a detection calculation module 72, a compensation module 73, and a pulse width detection module 74, where the signal acquisition module 71 is used for Obtain the first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal of the two sensing units of the wheel sensor; the detection calculation module 72 is used to detect the first moment when the pulse of the first wheel sensing signal appears and the second wheel sensing signal appearing The second moment of the pulse is used to determine the time difference between the first moment and the second moment; the pulse width detection module 74 is used to obtain the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal; the compensation module 73 is used to detect the second wheel induction signal When the pulse width is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, according to the time difference, the compensation value is determined according to the preset first compensation strategy to compensate the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal; when the second wheel induction signal When the pulse width of is greater than the third preset threshold, the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal is not compensated.
请参阅图16所示，考虑到列车碾压车轮未过、列车倒退情况的出现，当上述情况出现时还对后出现的第二车轮感应信号进行脉冲宽度补偿，容易出现误判。因此，在补偿装置70中进一步设置了脉冲宽度检测模块40，在对第二车轮感应信号进行脉冲宽度补偿之前，获取所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度，当第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度小于或等于第三预设阈值时，判断列车行驶速度为正常速度，未出现列车减速、停车、倒退的情况，可以对第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度进行补偿；当第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度大于第三预设阈值时，判断列车出现减速、停车、倒退的情况，不对第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度进行补偿。Please refer to Figure 16. Considering that the train has not rolled over the wheels and the train reverses, when the above situation occurs, the second wheel induction signal that appears later is also subjected to pulse width compensation, which is prone to misjudgment. Therefore, a pulse width detection module 40 is further provided in the compensation device 70 to obtain the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal before performing the pulse width compensation on the second wheel induction signal. When it is less than or equal to the third preset threshold value, it is judged that the train speed is normal, and the train decelerates, stops, or reverses. The pulse width of the second wheel induction signal can be compensated; when the second wheel induction signal pulse When the width is greater than the third preset threshold, it is determined that the train is decelerating, stopping, or going backwards, and the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal is not compensated.
进一步地，所述第三预设阈值为600毫秒，当车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度为 600毫秒时，列车的速度约为2km/h。Further, the third preset threshold value is 600 milliseconds. When the pulse width of the wheel sensing signal is 600 milliseconds, the speed of the train is about 2 km/h.
在以上实施例的基础上，请参阅图17所示，所述补偿装置70包括：策略制定模块75、信号采集模块71、检测计算模块72和补偿模块73，其中，策略制定模块75用于响应于所述车轮传感器运行状态变化，检测并根据所述车轮传感器的运行数据确定所述第一补偿策略；信号采集模块71用于获取车轮传感器的两个感应单元的第一车轮感应信号和第二车轮感应信号；检测计算模块72用于检测所述第一车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第一时刻和所述第二车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第二时刻，确定第一时刻和第二时刻之间的时间差；补偿模块73用于根据所述时间差，按照预设的第一补偿策略确定补偿值，以对所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度进行补偿。On the basis of the above embodiments, please refer to FIG. 17, the compensation device 70 includes: a strategy formulation module 75, a signal acquisition module 71, a detection calculation module 72, and a compensation module 73, wherein the strategy formulation module 75 is used to respond When the operating state of the wheel sensor changes, the first compensation strategy is detected and determined according to the operating data of the wheel sensor; the signal acquisition module 71 is used to acquire the first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal of the two sensing units of the wheel sensor Wheel induction signal; the detection calculation module 72 is used to detect the first time when the first wheel induction signal has a pulse and the second time when the second wheel induction signal has a pulse, and determine the difference between the first time and the second time Time difference; the compensation module 73 is configured to determine a compensation value according to the time difference according to a preset first compensation strategy, so as to compensate the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal.
具体地，策略制定模块75包括：获取单元7501、第一检测计算单元7502和第二检测计算单元7503和统计及制定单元7504，其中，监测单元7501用于响应于所述车轮传感器运行状态变化，通过信号采集模块71获取车轮传感器的两个感应单元的第一车轮感应信号和第二车轮感应信号；第一检测计算单元7502用于检测所述第一车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度和所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度，确定第一车轮感应信号和第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度差；第二检测计算单元7503用于检测所述第一车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第一时刻和所述第二车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第二时刻，确定第一时刻和第二时刻之间的时间差；统计及制定单元7504用于对所述脉冲宽度差和所述时间差进行统计分析，根据统计分析结果确定所述第一补偿策略。Specifically, the strategy formulation module 75 includes: an acquisition unit 7501, a first detection calculation unit 7502, a second detection calculation unit 7503, and a statistics and formulation unit 7504. The monitoring unit 7501 is configured to respond to changes in the operating state of the wheel sensors, The first wheel sensing signal and the second wheel sensing signal of the two sensing units of the wheel sensor are acquired through the signal acquisition module 71; the first detection calculation unit 7502 is used to detect the pulse width of the first wheel sensing signal and the second The pulse width of the wheel induction signal determines the pulse width difference between the first wheel induction signal and the second wheel induction signal; the second detection and calculation unit 7503 is used to detect the first moment when the first wheel induction signal appears pulse and the first time The second moment when the pulse of the two-wheel induction signal appears to determine the time difference between the first moment and the second moment; the statistics and formulation unit 7504 is used to perform statistical analysis on the pulse width difference and the time difference, and determine according to the statistical analysis result The first compensation strategy.
通过采集每一个车轮传感器的计轴信号中两个脉冲信号，计算两个脉冲信号的时间差和脉冲宽度差，对时间差和脉冲宽度差进行统计分析，申请人发现，所有车轮传感器的计轴信号中两个脉冲信号的脉冲宽度差均满足小于2×时间差。By collecting two pulse signals in the axle counting signal of each wheel sensor, calculating the time difference and pulse width difference of the two pulse signals, and performing statistical analysis on the time difference and pulse width difference, the applicant found that the axle counting signals of all wheel sensors The pulse width difference of the two pulse signals is less than 2×time difference.
因此，确定第一补偿策略为：当所述时间差T 3小于或等于第一时间阈值时，补偿值T 5为2×时间差T 3；当所述时间差T 3大于第一时间阈值时，补偿值T 5为第二时间值。进一步地，所述第一时间阈值为50毫秒，所述第二时间值为100毫秒。 Therefore, the first compensation strategy is determined as follows: when the time difference T 3 is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the compensation value T 5 is 2 × the time difference T 3 ; when the time difference T 3 is greater than the first time threshold, the compensation value T 5 is the second time value. Further, the first time threshold value is 50 milliseconds, and the second time value is 100 milliseconds.
在运营过程中，因外部干扰，常常产生异常脉冲，列车经过车轮传感器形成的连续波形如图18所示，图18中位于两端的波形为感应板产生的，位于中间的两个波形为充电刀片的干扰波形，上述情形导致计轴***输出异常占用，特别是运用在有轨电车的信号控制***中，列车采用蓄电池供电，列车停留在车站时，给蓄电池充电，充电刀片干扰计轴传感器，形成异常脉冲的概率非常大。During operation, abnormal pulses are often generated due to external interference. The continuous waveforms formed by the train passing the wheel sensors are shown in Figure 18. The waveforms at the two ends in Figure 18 are generated by the induction plate, and the two waveforms in the middle are the charging blades. The above situation causes the output of the axle counting system to be abnormally occupied, especially in the signal control system of the tram. The train is powered by the battery. When the train stays at the station, the battery is charged, and the charging blade interferes with the axle counting sensor. The probability of abnormal pulses is very high.
为了防止上述干扰的出现，请参阅图12和图19所示，本发明实施例的计轴***进一步包括设于所述整形模块22的第一输出端口225和所述处理模块23的处理单元231,232之间的过滤装置80，该过滤装置80包括波形检测模块82、判断模块83和干扰信号过滤模块84，其中，整形模块22输出的整形信号包括第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号；波形检测模块82用于根据所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号生成波形特征数据；判断模块83用于根据所述波形特征数据判断第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号是否满足预设条件；干扰信号过滤模块84用于当判断结果为是时，提取所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号作为有效的整形信号输出至所述处理模块23；否则，将第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号作为干扰信号进行过滤。In order to prevent the occurrence of the above interference, please refer to FIG. 12 and FIG. 19. The axle counting system of the embodiment of the present invention further includes a first output port 225 provided in the shaping module 22 and processing units 231, 232 of the processing module 23. Between the filtering device 80, the filtering device 80 includes a waveform detection module 82, a judgment module 83 and an interference signal filtering module 84, wherein the shaping signal output by the shaping module 22 includes the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; the waveform detection module 82 is used to generate waveform characteristic data according to the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; the judgment module 83 is used to judge whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet preset conditions according to the waveform characteristic data; The signal filtering module 84 is used to extract the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal as valid shaping signals and output to the processing module 23 when the judgment result is yes; otherwise, the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal The pulse signal is filtered as an interference signal.
感应板或充电刀片靠近车轮传感器的磁头时，引起磁头的磁场变化，与磁头连接的感应电路产生与磁场变化对应的感应信号，整形模块22根据该感应信号生成脉冲信号，具体地，整形模块22内设置至少一门限电压，当感应信号的电压值大于或等于该门限电压时，产生脉冲；当感应信号的电压值小于该门限 电压时，不产生脉冲，因此，脉冲部分对应电压值大于或等于门限电压的感应信号。When the induction plate or the charging blade approaches the magnetic head of the wheel sensor, it causes the magnetic field of the magnetic head to change. The induction circuit connected to the magnetic head generates an induction signal corresponding to the magnetic field change. The shaping module 22 generates a pulse signal according to the induction signal. Specifically, the shaping module 22 At least one threshold voltage is set inside. When the voltage value of the sensing signal is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage, a pulse is generated; when the voltage value of the sensing signal is less than the threshold voltage, no pulse is generated. Therefore, the corresponding voltage value of the pulse part is greater than or equal to The sensing signal of the threshold voltage.
由于列车车轮先后经过车轮传感器的两个磁头，于是，两路脉冲信号必须满足有先后有重叠的特征，才被认为是有效的车轮传感器的整形信号，如图9所示，两路脉冲信号的相位关系代表车轮的运动方向，***以此来识别车轮运行方向。而充电刀片依次靠近两个磁头产生的干扰脉冲信号如图20所示，两个干扰脉冲不存在重叠范围。Since the train wheels pass the two magnetic heads of the wheel sensor one after another, the two pulse signals must meet the characteristics of overlap in order to be considered as an effective shaping signal of the wheel sensor. As shown in Figure 9, the two pulse signals The phase relationship represents the direction of movement of the wheel, and the system uses this to identify the direction of the wheel. The interference pulse signals generated by the charging blades approaching the two magnetic heads in turn are shown in Fig. 20, and there is no overlap range of the two interference pulses.
请参阅图20所示，干扰脉冲信号一般持续时间极短，因此，在第一个优选实施方式中，波形特征数据包括：第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度。请参阅图21所示，该波形检测模块82用于获取第一脉冲信号的脉冲宽度t 12-t 11，获取第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度t 22-t 21。该判断模块83中，预设条件为第一脉冲信号的脉冲宽度和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度均大于第四预设阈值，于是，该判断模块83用于根据该波形检测模块83所得第一脉冲信号的脉冲宽度t 12-t 11、和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度t 22-t 21判断第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号是否满足预设条件。 As shown in FIG. 20, the interference pulse signal generally has a very short duration. Therefore, in the first preferred embodiment, the waveform characteristic data includes: the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal. Please refer to FIG. 21, the waveform detection module 82 is used to obtain the pulse width t 12 -t 11 of the first pulse signal and obtain the pulse width t 22 -t 21 of the second pulse signal. In the judging module 83, the preset condition is that the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the pulse width of the second pulse signal are both greater than the fourth preset threshold. Therefore, the judging module 83 is used to obtain the first pulse signal from the waveform detection module 83. The pulse width t 12- t 11 of the pulse signal and the pulse width t 22- t 21 of the second pulse signal determine whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet a preset condition.
在第二个优选实施方式中，波形特征数据为第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围。具体地，请参阅图21所示，该波形检测模块82用于获取所述第一脉冲信号的脉冲边沿的出现时刻t 11和消失时刻t 12，获取第二脉冲信号的脉冲边沿的出现时刻t 21和消失时刻t 22；根据所述第一脉冲信号的消失时刻t 12和所述第二脉冲信号的出现时刻t 21确定第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围t 12-t 21。该判断模块83中，预设条件为第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围大于第二时间阈值，于是，该判断模块83用于根据该波形检测模块82所得重叠范围t 12-t 21判断第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号是否满足预设条件。优选地，该第二时间阈值为2ms。 In the second preferred embodiment, the waveform characteristic data is the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal. Specifically, referring to FIG. 21, the waveform detection module 82 is used to obtain the appearance time t 11 and disappearance time t 12 of the pulse edge of the first pulse signal, and obtain the appearance time t of the pulse edge of the second pulse signal. 21 and the disappearing time t 22 ; the overlapping range t 12 -t 21 of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal is determined according to the disappearing time t 12 of the first pulse signal and the appearance time t 21 of the second pulse signal. In the judgment module 83, the preset condition is that the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal is greater than the second time threshold. Therefore, the judgment module 83 is used to determine the overlap range t 12 -t 21 obtained by the waveform detection module 82 It is determined whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet a preset condition. Preferably, the second time threshold is 2 ms.
进一步地，在第三个优选实施方式中，波形特征数据包括：(i)第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围，和(ii)第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度。请参阅图21所示，该波形检测模块82用于获取所述第一脉冲信号的脉冲边沿的出现时刻t 11和消失时刻t 12，获取第二脉冲信号的脉冲边沿的出现时刻t 21和消失时刻t 22；然后，获取第一脉冲信号的脉冲宽度t 12-t 11，获取第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度t 22-t 21；然后，根据所述第一脉冲信号的消失时刻t 12和所述第二脉冲信号的出现时刻t 21确定第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围t 12-t 21。该判断模块83中，预设条件为第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围大于第二时间阈值且第一脉冲信号的脉冲宽度和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度均大于第四预设阈值，于是，该判断模块83用于根据该波形检测模块82所得重叠范围t 12-t 21、第一脉冲信号的脉冲宽度t 12-t 11、和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度t 22-t 21判断第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号是否满足预设条件。 Further, in the third preferred embodiment, the waveform characteristic data includes: (i) the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal, and (ii) the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal. Please refer to FIG. 21, the waveform detection module 82 is used to obtain the appearance time t 11 and disappearance time t 12 of the pulse edge of the first pulse signal, and obtain the appearance time t 21 and disappearance time of the pulse edge of the second pulse signal. Time t 22 ; then, obtain the pulse width t 12- t 11 of the first pulse signal, and obtain the pulse width t 22- t 21 of the second pulse signal; then, according to the disappearance time t 12 of the first pulse signal and the The occurrence time t 21 of the second pulse signal determines the overlap range t 12 -t 21 of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal. In the judgment module 83, the preset condition is that the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal is greater than the second time threshold, and the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the pulse width of the second pulse signal are both greater than the fourth preset threshold , Then, the judging module 83 is used for the overlap range t 12 -t 21 obtained by the waveform detection module 82, the pulse width of the first pulse signal t 12- t 11 , and the pulse width of the second pulse signal t 22- t 21 It is determined whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet a preset condition.
在第四个优选实施方式中，具体地，波形检测模块82可以进一步包括波形图生成单元和特征提取单元，波形图生成单元用于分别对所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号进行波形检测，以分别得到第一波形图和第二波形图；特征提取单元用于根据所述第一波形图和所述第二波形图提取波形特征数据。In the fourth preferred embodiment, specifically, the waveform detection module 82 may further include a waveform diagram generation unit and a feature extraction unit, and the waveform diagram generation unit is configured to perform the processing on the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal respectively. Waveform detection to obtain a first waveform diagram and a second waveform diagram respectively; the feature extraction unit is used for extracting waveform feature data according to the first waveform diagram and the second waveform diagram.
该干扰信号过滤模块84在满足预设条件时，提取所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号作为有效的整形信号输出至所述处理模块23；不满足预设条件时，将第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号作为干扰信号进行过滤。The interference signal filtering module 84 extracts the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal as effective shaping signals and outputs them to the processing module 23 when the preset conditions are met; when the preset conditions are not met, the first The pulse signal and the second pulse signal are filtered as interference signals.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. Within range.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种计轴***，其特征在于，所述计轴***包括：An axle counting system, characterized in that the axle counting system includes:
    与车轮传感器相连的整形模块，用于分别根据所述车轮传感器的传感信号产生整形信号，所述整形信号包括第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号；The shaping module connected to the wheel sensor is configured to generate shaping signals according to the sensing signals of the wheel sensors, and the shaping signals include a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal;
    波形检测模块，用于根据整形信号的第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号生成波形特征数据；The waveform detection module is used to generate waveform characteristic data according to the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal of the shaping signal;
    判断模块，根据所述波形特征数据判断第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号是否满足预设条件；A judging module, judging whether the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal meet a preset condition according to the waveform characteristic data;
    干扰信号过滤模块，当判断结果为是时，提取所述第一脉冲信号和所述第二脉冲信号作为有效的整形信号输出至所述处理模块；否则，将第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号作为干扰信号进行过滤。The interference signal filtering module, when the judgment result is yes, extract the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal as effective shaping signals and output to the processing module; otherwise, the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal Filter as an interference signal.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的计轴***，其特征在于，所述波形特征数据包括第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度；所述预设条件为第一脉冲信号的脉冲宽度和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度均大于第四预设阈值；The axle counting system according to claim 1, wherein the waveform characteristic data includes the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; the preset condition is the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal. The pulse width of the pulse signal is greater than the fourth preset threshold;
    或，所述波形特征数据包括第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围；所述预设条件为第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围大于第二时间阈值；Or, the waveform characteristic data includes the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; the preset condition is that the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal is greater than the second time threshold;
    或，所述波形特征数据包括第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围，和第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度；所述预设条件为第一脉冲信号和第二脉冲信号的重叠范围大于第二时间阈值且第一脉冲信号的脉冲宽度和第二脉冲信号的脉冲宽度均大于第四预设阈值。Or, the waveform characteristic data includes the overlap range of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal, and the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal; the preset condition is the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal The overlap range of is greater than the second time threshold, and the pulse width of the first pulse signal and the pulse width of the second pulse signal are both greater than the fourth preset threshold.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的计轴***，其特征在于，所述整形模块包括：与所述车轮传感器的感应单元一一对应设置的整形单元、第一输出端口和第二输出端口，所述整形单元的一端与所述感应单元相连，另一端分别与第一输出端口和第二输出端口相连，所述整形单元用于根据所述车轮传感器的传感信号产 生整形信号或者故障信号，所述整形信号从所述第一输出端口输出，所述故障信号从所述第二输出端口输出；The axle counting system according to claim 1, wherein the shaping module comprises: a shaping unit, a first output port, and a second output port arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the sensing unit of the wheel sensor, and the shaping module One end of the unit is connected to the sensing unit, and the other end is respectively connected to the first output port and the second output port. The shaping unit is used to generate a shaping signal or a fault signal according to the sensing signal of the wheel sensor. The signal is output from the first output port, and the fault signal is output from the second output port;
    所述计轴***还包括：与所述整形模块连接的处理模块，所述处理模块包括：两个处理单元，每个处理单元与所述第一输出端口相连，两个处理单元之间通信连接，所述处理单元用于检测所述整形信号的波形，当所述两个处理单元检测到整形信号符合轴脉冲规则时，将所述整形信号作为轴脉冲信号输出；当所述两个处理单元检测到整形信号的脉冲宽度均大于所述第二预设阈值时，输出第一占用信号；以及The axle counting system further includes: a processing module connected to the shaping module, the processing module includes: two processing units, each processing unit is connected to the first output port, and the two processing units are connected in communication The processing unit is configured to detect the waveform of the shaping signal, and when the two processing units detect that the shaping signal conforms to the shaft pulse rule, output the shaping signal as the shaft pulse signal; when the two processing units When it is detected that the pulse width of the shaping signal is greater than the second preset threshold, outputting the first occupation signal; and
    与所述处理模块和所述整形模块的所述第二输出端口分别相连的隔离输出模块，所述隔离输出模块用于输出所述故障信号至计轴板、输出所述轴脉冲信号至计轴板、以及输出所述第一占用信号至输出板；An isolated output module respectively connected to the second output port of the processing module and the shaping module, and the isolated output module is used to output the fault signal to the axle counter and output the axle pulse signal to the axle counter Board, and output the first occupancy signal to the output board;
    所述整形模块的第一输出端口与所述波形检测模块连接，所述处理模块的各处理单元与所述干扰信号过滤模块连接。The first output port of the shaping module is connected to the waveform detection module, and each processing unit of the processing module is connected to the interference signal filtering module.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的计轴***，其特征在于，每个整形单元包括：四个电压比较电路，每个所述电压比较电路设有一个电压门限，每个所述电压比较电路包括第一输出端和第二输出端，四个所述电压比较电路通过所述第一输出端依次相连，所述第二输出端均与所述处理模块相连，The axle counting system according to claim 3, wherein each shaping unit comprises: four voltage comparison circuits, each of the voltage comparison circuits is provided with a voltage threshold, and each of the voltage comparison circuits includes a first An output terminal and a second output terminal, the four voltage comparison circuits are connected in sequence through the first output terminal, and the second output terminals are all connected to the processing module,
    所述第一电压比较电路接收所述传感信号，当所述传感信号的电压高于第一门限电压时，输出故障信号和至所述隔离输出模块，否则，输出所述传感信号的电压至第二电压比较电路；当所述传感信号的电压低于第二门限电压时，输出所述故障信号至所述隔离输出模块，否则，输出所述传感信号的电压至第三电压比较电路；当所述传感信号的电压低于第三门限电压，输出空闲至所述处理模块，否则，输出所述传感信号的电压至第四电压比较电路；当所述传感 信号的电压高于第四门限电压，输出占用脉冲至所述处理模块，The first voltage comparison circuit receives the sensing signal, and when the voltage of the sensing signal is higher than the first threshold voltage, it outputs a fault signal and the isolation output module; otherwise, it outputs the sensing signal Voltage to the second voltage comparison circuit; when the voltage of the sensing signal is lower than the second threshold voltage, output the fault signal to the isolation output module, otherwise, output the voltage of the sensing signal to the third voltage Comparing circuit; when the voltage of the sensing signal is lower than the third threshold voltage, the output is idle to the processing module, otherwise, the voltage of the sensing signal is output to the fourth voltage comparing circuit; when the sensing signal is The voltage is higher than the fourth threshold voltage, and the occupied pulse is output to the processing module,
    其中，所述第一门限电压高于所述第四门限电压，所述第四门限电压高于所述第三门限电压，所述第三门限电压高于所述第二门限电压。Wherein, the first threshold voltage is higher than the fourth threshold voltage, the fourth threshold voltage is higher than the third threshold voltage, and the third threshold voltage is higher than the second threshold voltage.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的计轴***，其特征在于，所述第一电压比较电路，设有所述第一门限电压9.95V，用于检测所述感应单元断线状态；The axle counting system according to claim 4, wherein the first voltage comparison circuit is provided with the first threshold voltage 9.95V for detecting the disconnection state of the sensing unit;
    所述第二电压比较电路，设有所述第二门限电压5.04V，用于检测所述感应单元离轨状态；The second voltage comparison circuit is provided with the second threshold voltage 5.04V, which is used to detect the off-rail state of the sensing unit;
    所述第三电压比较电路，设有所述第三门限电压8.25V，用于检测所述感应单元空闲状态；The third voltage comparison circuit is provided with the third threshold voltage 8.25V, which is used to detect the idle state of the sensing unit;
    所述第四电压比较电路，设有所述第四门限电压8.45V，用于检测所述感应单元占用状态。The fourth voltage comparison circuit is provided with the fourth threshold voltage 8.45V for detecting the occupancy state of the sensing unit.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的计轴***，其特征在于，所述计轴***还包括：设于所述车轮传感器和所述整形模块之间的补偿装置，用于检测第一车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第一时刻和第二车轮感应信号出现脉冲的第二时刻，确定第一时刻和第二时刻之间的时间差；根据所述时间差，按照预设的第一补偿策略确定补偿值，以对所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度进行补偿。The axle counting system according to claim 1, wherein the axle counting system further comprises: a compensation device arranged between the wheel sensor and the shaping module for detecting the presence of pulses in the first wheel sensor signal Determine the time difference between the first time and the second time when the pulse of the second wheel induction signal appears; according to the time difference, determine the compensation value according to the preset first compensation strategy to The pulse width of the second wheel induction signal is compensated.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的计轴***，其特征在于，所述第一补偿策略为：当所述时间差小于或等于第一时间阈值时，补偿值为2×时间差；当所述时间差大于第一时间阈值时，补偿值为第二时间值。The axle counting system according to claim 6, wherein the first compensation strategy is: when the time difference is less than or equal to the first time threshold, the compensation value is 2×the time difference; when the time difference is greater than the first time At the time threshold, the compensation value is the second time value.
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的计轴***，其特征在于，所述补偿装置还用于获取所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度；当第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度小于或等于第三预设阈值时，对所述第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度进行补偿；当第二车轮感应信号的脉冲宽度大于第三预设阈值时，不对所述第二车轮感应信号的 脉冲宽度进行补偿。The axle counting system according to claim 6, wherein the compensation device is also used to obtain the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal; when the pulse width of the second wheel induction signal is less than or equal to a third preset When the threshold is set, the pulse width of the second wheel sensing signal is compensated; when the pulse width of the second wheel sensing signal is greater than the third preset threshold, the pulse width of the second wheel sensing signal is not compensated.
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的计轴***，其特征在于，所述隔离输出模块包括第一光电耦合器、第二光电耦合器和第三光电耦合器，所述第一光电耦合器与所述计轴板相连，用于隔离输出所述轴脉冲信号；所述第二光电耦合器与所述计轴板相连，用于隔离输出所述故障信号；所述第三光电耦合器与所述输出板相连，用于隔离输出所述占用信号。The axle counting system according to claim 3, wherein the isolated output module includes a first photocoupler, a second photocoupler, and a third photocoupler, the first photocoupler and the counter The shaft plate is connected to output the shaft pulse signal; the second photocoupler is connected to the shaft counter plate to output the fault signal; the third photocoupler is connected to the output plate Connected to output the occupied signal in isolation.
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的计轴***，其特征在于，所述计轴***还包括：The axle counting system according to claim 3, wherein the axle counting system further comprises:
    计轴板，用于根据车轮传感器的计轴信号识别列车运行方向并计算车轮数量，以及根据两个车轮传感器的车轮数量判断区间段占用或空闲，当判断结果为占用时，输出第二占用信号，当判断结果为空闲时，输出空闲信号，其中，车轮传感器的计轴信号包括对应两个感应单元的轴脉冲信号；The axle counter is used to identify the running direction of the train and calculate the number of wheels according to the axle counting signals of the wheel sensors, and to judge whether the section is occupied or free according to the number of wheels of the two wheel sensors. When the judgment result is occupied, the second occupancy signal is output , When the judgment result is idle, output an idle signal, where the axle counting signal of the wheel sensor includes the axle pulse signals corresponding to the two sensing units;
    输出板，用于根据所述第一占用信号、第二占用信号或空闲信号控制区间段关闭或开启；The output board is used to control the closing or opening of the section according to the first occupation signal, the second occupation signal or the idle signal;
    和/或，与四个感应单元相连的内部电源模块，用于给所述感应单元提供恒流源；And/or, an internal power supply module connected to the four sensing units for providing a constant current source for the sensing units;
    和/或，复零板，所述复零板与所述计轴板和所述输出板相连；And/or, a zero reset board, which is connected to the axle counter board and the output board;
    和/或，电源板，包括第一电源模块和第二电源模块，所述第一电源模块为所述放大板、所述计轴板、所述复零板和所述输出板提供12V直流电，所述第二电源模块为所述计轴板、所述复零板和所述输出板提供24V直流电。And/or, a power supply board, including a first power supply module and a second power supply module, the first power supply module provides 12V direct current for the amplifying board, the axle counter board, the zero reset board and the output board, The second power supply module provides 24V direct current for the axle counter board, the zero reset board and the output board.
PCT/CN2019/101372 2019-06-17 2019-08-19 Axle counting system WO2020252881A1 (en)

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CN201910523635.2A CN110304108B (en) 2019-06-17 2019-06-17 Axle counting system capable of preventing axle from being lost and axle counting equipment
CN201910522982.3 2019-06-17
CN201910523635.2 2019-06-17
CN201910522982.3A CN110293997B (en) 2019-06-17 2019-06-17 Tramcar anti-interference signal control system and axle counting equipment
CN201910522967.9 2019-06-17
CN201910522967.9A CN110281976B (en) 2019-06-17 2019-06-17 Axle counting system

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