WO2020241704A1 - 画像表示装置の製造方法及び偏光子転写用積層体 - Google Patents
画像表示装置の製造方法及び偏光子転写用積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020241704A1 WO2020241704A1 PCT/JP2020/020959 JP2020020959W WO2020241704A1 WO 2020241704 A1 WO2020241704 A1 WO 2020241704A1 JP 2020020959 W JP2020020959 W JP 2020020959W WO 2020241704 A1 WO2020241704 A1 WO 2020241704A1
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- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinnamic acid group Chemical group C(C=CC1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000332 coumarinyl group Chemical group O1C(=O)C(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001934 cyclohexanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940105990 diglycerin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICIDZHMCYAIUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinaphthalen-1-yldiazene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(N=NC=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=CC=CC2=C1 ICIDZHMCYAIUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RJLZSKYNYLYCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl carbamate;isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O.CCOC(N)=O RJLZSKYNYLYCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000015220 hamburgers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical class I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000555 isopropenyl group Chemical group [H]\C([H])=C(\*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000005453 ketone based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005439 maleimidyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC(N1*)=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NYGZLYXAPMMJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M metanil yellow Chemical group [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(N=NC=2C=CC(NC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 NYGZLYXAPMMJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N n'-amino-n-iminomethanimidamide Chemical group N\N=C\N=N VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002990 phenothiazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011907 photodimerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003055 poly(ester-imide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006260 polyaryletherketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004291 polyenes Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000013518 transcription Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035897 transcription Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007964 xanthones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
- G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/023—Optical properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/16—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements having an anti-static effect, e.g. electrically conducting coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
Definitions
- the coat layer of LP1 is composed of a single layer or multiple layers, and may be of any kind as long as the constituent layers (in the case of multiple layers, each layer) is formed by a coating.
- the coat layer is preferably provided on the release surface of the release film.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the coat layer is preferably 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 30 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 20 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the coat layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 1 ⁇ m.
- the coat layer is composed of a plurality of layers, it is preferable that the total thickness of the plurality of layers satisfies the above. By reducing the thickness of the coat layer, the image display device can be made even thinner.
- the coat layer may be made of resin.
- the resin include, but are not limited to, polyester resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, polyvinyl alcohol, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate and the like. Only one type of resin may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the resin may be crosslinked.
- the cross-linking agent include isocyanate compounds, epoxy resins, melamine resins, oxazoline compounds, and carbodiimide compounds. Only one type of cross-linking agent may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the coat layer may be a cured (thermosetting, photocuring) acrylic monomer and / or oligomer.
- the coat layer examples include a reflection reduction layer, a hard coat layer, and an antistatic layer.
- the coat layer may have a protector protection function separately from or in addition to the reflection reduction function, the hard coat function, and the antistatic function.
- the protector function includes, for example, a function of protecting the polarizer from scratches and damage until it is assembled in the image display device, and polarization from scratches and damage caused by contact with other members or the outside when the image display device is used.
- the function of protecting the child and the function of protecting the polarizer from harmful substances (liquids such as water, detergent and alcohol, harmful gases such as SOx and NOx) exposed in the environment in which the image display device is used can be mentioned.
- the reflection reducing layer may be of any kind as long as it can reduce the reflectance at the interface with air.
- the reflection reduction layer suppresses reflection from external light and makes the image easier to see.
- the sample from which the releasable film has been peeled off is used, and the 5 degree reflectance at a wavelength of 550 nm is measured using a spectrophotometer (UV-3150, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
- the 5 degree reflectance is the reflectance when the incident angle is 5 degrees with respect to the transmission axis direction of the polarizer of the sample.
- antireflection layer examples include various types of layers such as a low reflection layer, an antireflection layer, and an antiglare layer.
- the low-reflection layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a layer capable of reducing the difference in refractive index from air, and examples thereof include a low-refractive index layer.
- the upper limit of the reflectance is preferably 5%, more preferably 4%, and even more preferably 3%.
- the lower limit of the reflectance is preferably 0.8%, more preferably 1%.
- the antireflection layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a layer capable of preventing reflection by interfering the reflected light at the visual recognition side interface with the reflected light at the image display cell side interface.
- Examples of the antireflection layer include a low refractive index layer having a thickness of about the wavelength of visible light (400 to 700 mn) / (refractive index of the low refractive index layer ⁇ 4).
- the antireflection layer may be a combination of a low refractive index layer and a high refractive index layer, and in such a combination, the low refractive index layer is preferably arranged on the visible side (or the releasable film side).
- the antireflection layer may have two or more low refractive index layers and / or high refractive index layers. Such an antireflection layer can further enhance the antireflection effect by multiple interference.
- the upper limit of the reflectance is preferably 2%, more preferably 1.5%, further preferably 1.2%, and particularly preferably 1%.
- the lower limit of the reflectance is preferably 0.01%, more preferably 0.1%.
- the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is preferably 1.45 or less, more preferably 1.42 or less.
- the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is preferably 1.20 or higher, more preferably 1.25 or higher.
- the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is a value measured under the condition of a wavelength of 589 nm.
- the thickness of the low refractive index layer is not limited, but usually it may be appropriately set from the range of about 30 nm to 1 ⁇ m. Further, if the purpose is to cancel the reflection of the interface on the visual side of the low refractive index layer and the reflection of the interface on the image display cell side of the low refractive index layer to further reduce the reflectance, the thickness of the low refractive index layer is 70. It is preferably from to 120 nm, more preferably from 75 to 110 nm.
- polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, polycarbonate, acrylic and the like can be used without particular limitation.
- acrylic is preferable, and it is preferably obtained by polymerizing (crosslinking) a photopolymerizable compound by light irradiation.
- the photopolymerizable compound examples include a photopolymerizable monomer, a photopolymerizable oligomer, and a photopolymerizable polymer, and these can be appropriately adjusted and used.
- a photopolymerizable compound a combination of a photopolymerizable monomer and a photopolymerizable oligomer or a photopolymerizable polymer is preferable.
- the photopolymerizable monomer preferably has a molecular weight of less than 1000. Further, as the photopolymerizable monomer, a polyfunctional monomer having two or more photopolymerizable functional groups (that is, bifunctional) is preferable.
- Examples of the low refractive index particles contained in the resin composition of (1) include silica particles (for example, hollow silica particles) and magnesium fluoride particles, and among them, hollow silica particles are preferable.
- Such hollow silica particles can be produced, for example, by the production method described in Examples of JP-A-2005-0997778.
- the average particle size of the primary particles of the low refractive index particles is preferably 5 to 200 nm, more preferably 5 to 100 nm, and even more preferably 10 to 80 nm.
- the low refractive index particles are more preferably surface-treated with a silane coupling agent, and more preferably surface-treated with a silane coupling agent having a (meth) acryloyl group. Only one type of low refractive index particles may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the resin composition of (1) may contain a polymerization initiator, a catalyst for a cross-linking agent, a polymerization inhibitor, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a leveling agent, a surfactant and the like. ..
- the content of the low refractive index particles in the low refractive index layer is preferably 10 to 250 parts by mass, more preferably 50 to 200 parts by mass, and 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. To 180 parts by mass is more preferable.
- a polymerizable compound containing a fluorine atom in at least a molecule or a polymer thereof can be used.
- the polymerizable compound is not particularly limited, but for example, a compound having a curing reactive group such as a photopolymerizable functional group or a thermocurable polar group is preferable, and a compound having a plurality of these curing reactive groups at the same time may be used. ..
- a fluorine-containing monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated bond can be widely used.
- the fluorine-based antifouling agent preferably has a substituent that contributes to the formation of a low refractive index layer or compatibility with the low refractive index layer.
- the substituents may be one or more, and the plurality of substituents may be the same or different from each other. Examples of preferred substituents include acryloyl group, methacryloyl group, vinyl group, aryl group, cinnamoyl group, epoxy group, oxetanyl group, hydroxyl group, polyoxyalkylene group, carboxyl group, amino group and the like.
- the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is preferably 1.55 to 1.85, more preferably 1.56 to 1.70.
- the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is a value measured under the condition of a wavelength of 589 nm.
- the thickness of the high refractive index layer is preferably 30 to 200 nm, more preferably 50 to 180 nm.
- the high refractive index layer may be a plurality of layers, but two or less layers are preferable, and a single layer is more preferable.
- the total thickness of the plurality of layers is preferably within the above range.
- the high refractive index layer is preferably composed of a resin composition containing high refractive index particles and a resin.
- High-refractive-index particles include antimony pentoxide particles (1.79), zinc oxide particles (1.90), titanium oxide particles (2.3 to 2.7), cerium oxide particles (1.95), and tin-doped oxidation. Indium particles (1.95 to 2.00), antimony-doped tin oxide particles (1.75 to 1.85), yttrium oxide particles (1.87), zirconium oxide particles (2.10) and the like are preferable.
- the numbers in parentheses indicate the refractive index of the material of each particle. Among these, titanium oxide particles and / or zirconium oxide particles are preferable.
- high refractive index particles Only one type of high refractive index particles may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the high refractive index particles are surface-treated from the viewpoint of dispersibility.
- the content of the high refractive index particles is preferably 30 to 400 parts by mass, more preferably 50 to 200 parts by mass, and further preferably 80 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin. preferable.
- Examples of the resin used for the high refractive index layer include the same resins as those mentioned for the low refractive index layer except for the fluorine-based resin.
- a resin composition containing a photopolymerizable compound is applied to a releasable film, dried, and then light such as ultraviolet rays is applied to the coating-like resin composition. It can be formed by irradiating and polymerizing (crosslinking) a photopolymerizable compound.
- the releasable film is provided with the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer, it is preferable that the releasable film side is the low refractive index layer.
- thermoplastic resin e.g., polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer
- solvent e.g., polyethylene glycol
- polymerization initiator e.g., polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer
- dispersant e.g., polyethylene glycol
- surfactant e.g., sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium
- the antiglare layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a layer capable of diffuse reflection due to surface irregularities.
- the antiglare layer can prevent reflection of the shape of the light source when external light is reflected on the surface, and can reduce glare.
- the inclination angle (surface angle) of the antiglare surface is 0.05 ° or more, preferably 50% or more, more preferably 55% or more, and 60%.
- the above is more preferable.
- the upper limit of the ratio of the region where the surface angle is 0.05 ° or more is preferably 95%, more preferably 90%.
- the root mean square slope (R ⁇ q) of the surface of the antiglare layer is preferably 0.004 or less.
- the Kurtosis (Rku) on the surface of the antiglare layer is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 4 or less, and further preferably 3 or less. Rku is preferably 2 or more.
- the skewness (RSk) of the surface of the antiglare layer is preferably -1.0 to 1.0, more preferably -0.5 to 0.5, and further preferably -0.3 to 0.3. Is.
- the average inclination angle ( ⁇ a) of the unevenness on the surface of the antiglare layer is preferably 0.01 to 1.5 °, more preferably 0.04 to 1.2 °, and further preferably 0.1 to 0.1 to 1. It is 0.5 °.
- Examples of the method (1) include sandblasting; chemical etching; contacting the releasable film with a mold having an uneven structure; and adding particles to the releasable film.
- the content of the antistatic agent is preferably 1 to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of the total solid content of the antistatic layer (or the hard coat layer when the hard coat layer has an antistatic function).
- polarizer examples include a uniaxially stretched polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in which iodine or an organic dichroic dye is adsorbed (PVA polarizer).
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- a composition composed of a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye, which is coated and oriented (liquid crystal polarizer), a wire grid polarizer, or the like can be used.
- the methods (a) and (b) can be mentioned in the case of the PVA polarizer.
- A A method of laminating a single PVA polarizer.
- B A method for transferring a PVA polarizer on a releasable substrate.
- Examples of the method (a) include a method of adhering a single PVA polarizer using an adhesive or an adhesive, and the PVA polarizer is attached to a coat layer on a release film using an adhesive or an adhesive.
- the method of matching is preferable.
- the thickness of this type of polarizer is preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 30 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 12 to 25 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the adhesive or the pressure-sensitive adhesive is preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 5 ⁇ m.
- examples of the releasable substrate include those listed as releasable films, and unstretched or uniaxially stretched films such as PET or polypropylene are preferable.
- a method of laminating a PVA polarizer on a releasable base material PVA is applied to the releasable base material, stretched together with the releasable base material, and iodine or an organic dichroic dye is applied to the PVA. After adsorbing, there is a method of fixing the orientation with a boron compound.
- a laminate of a releasable base material and a PVA polarizer may be referred to as a "laminate for PVA polarizer transfer".
- an adhesive is used between the polarizer surface of the PVA polarizer transfer laminate (the surface on which the releasable substrate is not laminated) and the coat layer surface of the releasable film-coat layer laminate.
- a method of sticking with an adhesive and peeling off the releasable base material as necessary can be mentioned.
- the thickness of this type of polarizer is preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 8 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 3 to 6 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the adhesive or the pressure-sensitive adhesive is preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 5 ⁇ m.
- a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive an ultraviolet curable adhesive such as acrylic and epoxy, and a thermosetting adhesive such as epoxy and isocyanate (urethane) are preferably used.
- the adhesive may be a hot melt adhesive. Examples of the adhesive include acrylic, urethane, and rubber.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive it is also preferable to use an acrylic-based transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet for optics without a base material.
- Examples of the method of providing the polarizer on the coat layer include the methods (c) and (d) in the case of the liquid crystal polarizer.
- Examples of the method (c) include a method of applying a liquid crystal polarizer coating material containing a liquid crystal compound on a coat layer to orient and fix the liquid crystal compound.
- a method of aligning and fixing the liquid crystal compound a coating layer is rubbed, a coating material for a liquid crystal polarizer is applied thereto, the liquid crystal compound is heated and oriented, and then cured by ultraviolet rays to be fixed; Examples thereof include a method of irradiating polarized ultraviolet rays after coating the child paint to align and fix the liquid crystal compound. It is also a preferable method to provide an orientation control layer on the coat layer before applying the liquid crystal polarizer paint, that is, to laminate the liquid crystal polarizer on the coat layer via the orientation control layer.
- a liquid crystal polarizer is laminated on a releasable substrate according to the above method (c), and a coat layer is bonded to the liquid crystal polarizer surface using an adhesive or an adhesive. If necessary, a method of peeling off the releasable substrate can be mentioned. Examples of the adhesive and the adhesive for bonding include the above-mentioned ones.
- the releasable base material those listed as the releasable base material of the laminate for PVA polarizer transfer, a metal belt, and the like can be used.
- a laminate of a releasable base material and a liquid crystal polarizer may be referred to as a "laminate for transfer of a liquid crystal polarizer".
- the thickness of the liquid crystal polarizer is preferably 0.1 to 7 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.3 to 5 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the adhesive or the pressure-sensitive adhesive is preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the method for forming the rubbing treatment orientation control layer is to rub the surface of the coating film obtained by applying the coating material for the rubbing treatment orientation control layer containing the above polymer and solvent onto the coat layer or the release surface of the releasable substrate. It is preferable to include a step of processing.
- the coating material for the rubbing treatment orientation control layer may contain a cross-linking agent.
- the concentration of the polymer in the coating for the rubbing treatment orientation control layer can be appropriately adjusted depending on the type of polymer and the thickness of the orientation control layer to be manufactured, but it should be 0.2 to 20% by mass in terms of solid content concentration. Is preferable, and the range of 0.3 to 10% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the drying temperature depends on the material of the release film, but in the case of PET, it is preferably 30 ° C. to 170 ° C., more preferably 50 to 150 ° C., and further preferably 70 to 130 ° C. If the drying temperature is within such a range, it is not necessary to take a long drying time and the productivity is excellent, the optical function as designed can be achieved without heat elongation and heat shrinkage of the alignment film for transfer, and the flatness is also excellent. ..
- the drying time is, for example, 0.5 to 30 minutes, more preferably 1 to 20 minutes, still more preferably 2 to 10 minutes.
- the thickness of the rubbing treatment orientation control layer is preferably 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05 to 5 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m.
- the rubbing treatment can generally be carried out by rubbing the surface with paper or cloth in a certain direction.
- the rubbing treatment is preferably a method using a rubbing roller of a brushed cloth made of fibers such as nylon, polyester and acrylic.
- the orientation control layer is provided so as to be oriented in a predetermined direction diagonally with respect to the longitudinal direction of the long film
- the rubbing direction is preferably set to an angle suitable for the direction. The angle can be adjusted by adjusting the angle between the rubbing roller and the film, adjusting the transport speed of the film and the rotation speed of the roller, and the like.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1, 2, 3, or 4.
- orientation control layer examples include JP-A-2006-285197, JP-A-2007-76839, JP-A-2007-138138, JP-A-2007-94071, and JP-A-2007-121721.
- JP-A-2007-140465, JP-A-2007-156439, JP-A-2007-133184, JP-A-2009-109831, JP-A-2002-229039, JP-A-2002-265541 Orientation described in Kai 2002-317013, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-520878, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-522220, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-33248, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-7702, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-129210.
- a control layer can be mentioned.
- Polarized light is obtained, for example, by passing light from the light source through a polarizer.
- the direction of polarization can be adjusted by adjusting the polarization angle of the polarizer.
- the polarizer include a polarizing filter, a polarizing prism such as a Gran Thomson and a Granter, and a wire grid type polarizer.
- the polarized light is preferably substantially parallel light.
- the irradiation intensity is different in kind and amount of a polymerization initiator or a resin (monomer), for example, preferably 10 ⁇ 10000mJ / cm 2 at 365nm reference, and more preferably 20 ⁇ 5000mJ / cm 2.
- the liquid crystal polarizer has a function as a polarizer that allows light to pass through in only one direction, and preferably contains a dichroic dye.
- the dichroic dye is preferably an organic dye having a property that the absorbance in the major axis direction and the absorbance in the minor axis direction of the molecule are different.
- the dichroic dye may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but it is preferable to combine two or more in order to adjust the color tone (achromatic color). In particular, it is preferable to combine three or more types. In particular, it is preferable to combine three or more kinds of azo compounds.
- the dichroic dye is a dichroic dye polymer introduced into the side chain of a polymer such as acrylic.
- examples of the dichroic dye polymer include polymers listed in JP-A-2016-4055 and polymers obtained by polymerizing compounds [Chemical formula 6] to [Chemical formula 12] in JP-A-2014-206682.
- the liquid crystal polarizer further contains a polymerizable liquid crystal compound in order to improve the film strength, the degree of polarization, and the film homogeneity.
- the polymerizable liquid crystal compound also includes a film after polymerization.
- the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is preferably a compound having a polymerizable group and exhibiting liquid crystallinity.
- the polymerizable group means a group involved in the polymerization reaction, and is preferably a photopolymerizable group.
- the photopolymerizable group refers to a group that can undergo a polymerization reaction with an active radical, an acid, or the like generated from a photopolymerization initiator described later.
- Examples of the polymerizable group include a vinyl group, a vinyloxy group, a 1-chlorovinyl group, an isopropenyl group, a 4-vinylphenyl group, an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group, an oxylanyl group, an oxetanyl group and the like.
- an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group, a vinyloxy group, an oxylanyl group, and an oxetanyl group are preferable, and an acryloyloxy group is more preferable.
- the liquid crystal compound may be a thermotropic liquid crystal or a riotropic liquid crystal. Further, the thermotropic liquid crystal may be a nematic liquid crystal or a smectic liquid crystal.
- a smectic liquid crystal compound is preferable in that higher polarization characteristics can be obtained, and a higher-order smectic liquid crystal compound is more preferable.
- the liquid crystal phase formed by the polymerizable liquid crystal compound is a higher-order smectic phase, a liquid crystal polarizer having a higher degree of orientation order can be produced.
- Specific preferred polymerizable liquid crystal compounds include, for example, JP-A-2002-308832, JP-A-2007-16207, JP-A-2015-163596, JP-A-2007-510946, JP-A-2013-114131. No., WO2005 / 045485, Lub et al. Recl.Trav.Chim.Pays-Bas, 115, 321-328 (1996) and the like.
- the content ratio of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal polarizer is preferably 70 to 99.5% by mass, more preferably 75 to 99% by mass in the liquid crystal polarizer from the viewpoint of increasing the orientation of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound. It is more preferably 80 to 97% by mass, and particularly preferably 83 to 95% by mass.
- the liquid crystal polarizer can be provided by applying a paint for the liquid crystal polarizer.
- the paint for a liquid crystal polarizer may contain additives such as a solvent, a polymerization initiator, a sensitizer, a polymerization inhibitor, a leveling agent, a polymerizable non-liquid crystal compound, and a cross-linking agent. Only one type of additive may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- solvent those listed as the solvent for the paint for the orientation control layer are preferably used.
- the polymerization initiator is not limited as long as it polymerizes a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, but a photopolymerization initiator that generates active radicals by light is preferable.
- the polymerization initiator include benzoin compounds, benzophenone compounds, alkylphenone compounds, acylphosphine oxide compounds, triazine compounds, iodonium salts, sulfonium salts and the like.
- a photosensitizer is preferable, and examples thereof include xanthone compounds, anthracene compounds, phenothiazines, and rubrenes.
- polymerization inhibitor examples include hydroquinones, catechols, and thiophenols.
- the polymerizable non-liquid crystal compound is preferably one that copolymerizes with the polymerizable liquid crystal compound, and examples thereof include (meth) acrylates when the polymerizable liquid crystal compound has a (meth) acryloyloxy group.
- the (meth) acrylates may be monofunctional or polyfunctional. By using polyfunctional (meth) acrylates, the strength of the polarizer can be improved.
- the content thereof is preferably 1 to 15% by mass, more preferably 2 to 10% by mass, and particularly 3 in the liquid crystal polarizer in order to suppress a decrease in the degree of polarization. It is preferably about 7% by mass.
- cross-linking agent examples include compounds capable of reacting with functional groups of polymerizable liquid crystal compounds and polymerizable non-liquid crystal compounds, and examples thereof include isocyanate compounds, melamines, epoxy resins, and oxazoline compounds.
- a liquid crystal polarizer can be produced by applying a coating material for a liquid crystal polarizer on a coat layer, a releasable substrate, or an orientation control layer, and then drying, heating, and curing as necessary.
- the coating method a known method such as a gravure coating method, a die coating method, a bar coating method, an applicator method, or a printing method such as a flexographic method can be adopted.
- Drying is preferably performed in a dryer (warm air dryer, infrared dryer, etc.) at a temperature of 30 to 170 ° C.
- the drying temperature is more preferably 50 to 150 ° C., further preferably 70 to 130 ° C.
- the drying time is preferably 0.5 to 30 minutes, more preferably 1 to 20 minutes, still more preferably 2 to 10 minutes. preferable.
- Heating can be performed to more strongly orient the dichroic dye and the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal polarizer.
- the heating temperature is preferably in the temperature range in which the polymerizable liquid crystal compound forms a liquid crystal phase.
- the dye is oriented along the orientation direction of the alignment layer and has a polarization transmission axis in a predetermined direction. If the above is not provided, the liquid crystal polarizer can be oriented by irradiating polarized light to cure the liquid crystal polarizer paint.
- any method may be used for providing the polarizer, but the methods (b), (c), and (d) are particularly preferable.
- the LP1 has a retardation layer on the side opposite to the coat layer of the polarizer.
- the retardation layer is provided between the polarizer and the image display cell for optical compensation in the case of a liquid crystal display device, and is provided for antireflection in the case of an organic EL display device, a micro LED display device, or the like.
- ⁇ / 4 retardation layer, ⁇ / 2 retardation layer, etc. are typical examples.
- the liquid crystal compound is preferably a polymerizable liquid crystal compound having a polymerizable group such as a double bond in terms of being able to fix the orientation state. Further, as the liquid crystal compound, a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound, a discotic liquid crystal compound, or the like can be used.
- rod-shaped liquid crystal compound examples include JP-A-2002-030042, JP-A-2004-204190, JP-A-2005-263789, JP-A-2007-119415, JP-A-2007-186430, and special publications. Examples thereof include rod-shaped liquid crystal compounds having a polymerizable group described in Kaihei 11-513360.
- NPh is a 2,6-naphthylene group
- a plurality of types of these rod-shaped liquid crystal compounds may be used in combination at any ratio.
- discotic liquid crystal compound examples include benzene derivatives, tolucene derivatives, cyclohexane derivatives, azacrowne-based macrocycles, and phenylacetylene-based macrocycles.
- Various discotic liquid crystal compounds are described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-155866, and these are preferably used.
- R 1 to R 6 are independently represented by hydrogen, halogen, alkyl group, or —X (where X is an alkyl group, an acyl group, an alkoxybenzyl group, or an epoxy-modified alkoxybenzyl group. Group, acryloyloxy-modified alkoxybenzyl group, acryloyloxy-modified alkyl group).
- R 1 to R 6 are preferably acryloyloxy-modified alkoxybenzyl groups (m is an integer of 4 to 10) represented by the following general formula (2).
- the degree of phase difference is appropriately set depending on the type of the liquid crystal cell and the properties of the liquid crystal compound used in the liquid crystal cell.
- a tilt orientation in which a discotic liquid crystal is used to change the tilt angle in the thickness direction is preferably used.
- a C plate layer or an A plate layer using a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound or a discotic liquid crystal compound is preferably used.
- a rod-like compound it is preferable to use a rod-like compound to form an A plate layer.
- the method of forming the retardation layer may be a method of applying a retardation layer coating material on a polarizer, and the retardation layer (laminate for transfer of the retardation layer) on the releasable substrate is polarized. It may be a method of transferring to a child. Further, the polarizer (for example, PVA polarizer, liquid crystal polarizer) and the retardation layer (polarizer and the laminate for transferring the retardation layer) on the releasable substrate may be transferred to the coat layer. As the releasable base material of the retardation layer transfer laminate and the polarizer and the retardation layer transfer laminate, those listed in the releasable substrate of the PVA polarizer transfer laminate may be used. it can.
- the retardation layer coating material may contain a solvent, a polymerization initiator, a sensitizer, a polymerization inhibitor, a leveling agent, a polymerizable non-liquid crystal compound, a cross-linking agent, and the like. As these, those described in the orientation control layer or the liquid crystal polarizer can be used.
- the same method as the above-mentioned orientation of the liquid layer polarizer can be adopted. That is, a method of directly applying a paint for a retardation layer to a polarizer or a releasable base material to irradiate polarized ultraviolet rays, a method of rubbing a polarizer or a releasable base material, a polarizer and a releasable base material. A method of providing an orientation control layer between the two is mentioned. As for these conditions, the conditions described in the orientation control layer or the liquid crystal polarizer are used as preferable conditions.
- the retardation layer can be appropriately selected depending on the type of image display cell.
- the retardation layer used in a typical liquid crystal cell will be described.
- the retardation layer is preferably a layer formed of a discotic liquid crystal compound, and the disk surface of the discotic structural unit of the discotic liquid crystal compound gradually changes the inclination angle in the thickness direction of the retardation layer.
- the layer is oriented.
- the lower limit of the angle formed by the disk surface of the discotic structural unit of the discotic liquid crystal compound and the plane of the retardation layer is preferably 5 degrees, more preferably 10 degrees.
- the upper limit of this angle is preferably 85 degrees, more preferably 80 degrees.
- the lower limit of the difference between the minimum value and the maximum value of the angle formed by the disk surface of the discotic structural unit of the discotic liquid crystal compound and the plane of the retardation layer is preferably 10 degrees, more preferably 15 degrees.
- the upper limit of this difference is preferably 60 degrees, more preferably 55 degrees.
- the lower limit of the retardation Rth (((nx + ny) / 2-nz) ⁇ d) in the thickness direction of the retardation layer is preferably 20 nm, more preferably 50 nm, and further preferably 100 nm.
- the upper limit of Rth is preferably 400 nm, more preferably 380 nm, and even more preferably 350 nm.
- the retardation layer does not have a specific optical axis and has the minimum absolute value of retardation in the direction inclined from the normal direction.
- the lower limit of the angle between the direction in which the absolute value of retardation is minimized and the normal direction is preferably 5 degrees, more preferably 10 degrees.
- the upper limit of this angle is preferably 50 degrees, more preferably 40 degrees.
- the polarizer used in the TN type liquid crystal cell has an absorption axis at 45 degrees with respect to the side of the liquid crystal cell.
- the direction of the absorption axis of the polarizing element is set in a roll shape for transfer of the polarizer in terms of convenience of bonding to the liquid crystal cell.
- the temperature is 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of the laminate (for example, the film flow direction or the roll winding direction).
- the retardation layer is laminated on the roll-shaped laminate for polarizing element transfer in the direction of the absorption axis of the polarizer.
- the polarizer is preferably a liquid crystal polarizer because of ease of manufacture.
- the absorption axis of the polarizer is set to be parallel or perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the roll-shaped polarizer transfer laminate is cut out diagonally with respect to the longitudinal direction. It may be used to transfer to a liquid crystal cell.
- the viewing side retardation layer and the light source side retardation layer are not particularly limited as long as they are optically compensated as a whole, and the retardation layers on the viewing side and the light source side. Does not have to be the same.
- the viewing side retardation layer is a gradient alignment layer of a discotic liquid crystal
- the light source side retardation layer is not provided, or the light source side retardation layer is an A plate layer or a C plate layer, or a composite layer thereof. Is also a preferred form. It is also a preferable form that the visible side retardation layer and the light source side retardation layer are the same retardation layer.
- the refractive index ellipsoid of the retardation layer is preferably a thick disk shape (for example, anpan shape) to an ellipsoidal plate shape (for example, hamburger shape).
- the in-plane retardation (Re) of the retardation layer is preferably 0 to 200 nm, the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction is preferably 70 to 400 nm, and Re ⁇ Rth is preferably satisfied.
- the lower limit of Rth is more preferably 100 nm, and even more preferably 120 nm.
- the upper limit of Rth is more preferably 350 nm, further preferably 300 nm, and particularly preferably 250 nm.
- the lower limit of Rth-Re is preferably 20 nm, more preferably 40 nm, and even more preferably 50 nm.
- the upper limit is preferably 300 nm, more preferably 250 nm, and even more preferably 200 nm.
- the retardation layer is preferably a retardation layer formed of a discotic liquid crystal compound or a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound. Further, as a preferable example of the retardation layer, specifically, only the C plate layer (for example, a negative C plate layer), only the A plate layer (for example, a positive A plate layer), the C plate layer and the A plate layer. , Orthogonal combination of A plate layers, and the like.
- the viewing side retardation layer and the light source side retardation layer are not particularly limited as long as they are optically compensated as a whole, and the retardation layers on the viewing side and the light source side. Does not have to be the same.
- the light source side retardation layer is not provided by using the viewing side retardation layer as a combination of the A plate layer and the C plate layer, or the viewing side retardation layer is used.
- the A plate is used and the light source side retardation layer is a C plate layer, or the viewing side retardation layer is a C plate and the light source side retardation layer is an A plate layer. It is also a preferable form that the visible side retardation layer and the light source side retardation layer are the same retardation layer.
- the absorption axis of the polarizer in the case of a composite polarizer, for example, an absorption type polarizer
- the absorption axis of the polarizer is parallel or perpendicular to the side of the liquid crystal cell. It is preferable that the absorption axis of the polarizer (for example, roll film) is parallel or perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (for example, the film flow direction or the roll winding direction).
- Phase difference layer for IPS type liquid crystal cell In the case of an IPS type liquid crystal cell, it is preferable not to provide a retardation layer, but a retardation layer may be provided. In the IPS type liquid crystal cell, the influence of the liquid crystal compound of the liquid crystal cell is small, but when the display is viewed from an oblique direction, the absorption axis of the light source side polarizing element and the absorption axis of the visible side polarizing element deviate from 90 degrees and light leakage occurs. When a retardation layer is used, it is preferable to correct the deviation of this angle.
- Re of the retardation layer is appropriately selected from the absolute value range of 0 to 360 nm, and Rth of the retardation layer is appropriately selected from the absolute value range of 0 to 360 nm according to the design concept.
- the retardation layer is preferably a combination of a positive C plate and a positive A plate such that a plurality of refractive index ellipsoids (for example, hamburger-shaped ones) are arranged in the horizontal direction. In each plate, it is preferable that nx> nz ⁇ ny or nz> nx> ny.
- the positive C plate layer is preferably combined with the positive A plate layer.
- the Re of the positive A plate layer is preferably 50 to 230 nm, more preferably 80 to 220 nm.
- the Rth of the positive A plate layer is preferably 30 to 150 nm, more preferably 60 to 130 nm.
- the nz ((nx-nz) / (nx-ny)) of the positive A plate layer is preferably 0.8 to 1.2, more preferably 0.9 to 1.1.
- the positive A plate layer is preferably a horizontally oriented rod-shaped liquid crystal compound, and the orientation direction (slow phase axis direction) is preferably parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer.
- the stacking order of the positive C plate layer and the positive A plate layer is not limited, but it is preferable that the positive C plate layer is on the liquid crystal cell side. Further, it is preferable to use a combination of a positive C plate layer and a positive A plate layer as a retardation layer on the visible side of the liquid crystal cell and not provide a retardation layer on the light source side of the liquid crystal cell, but a separate retardation layer. May be provided. Further, the positive C plate layer may be used on either the light source side or the visual recognition side, and the positive A plate layer may be used on the other side. In this case, the optical characteristics can be adjusted as appropriate.
- the absorption axis of the polarizer (for example, the roll film) is parallel or perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (for example, the film flow direction or the roll winding direction) as in the case of the VA type liquid crystal cell. It is preferable that the film is oriented so as to be.
- the organic EL display device preferably has a circularly polarizing plate on the visible side of the organic EL cell for the purpose of preventing reflection.
- the retardation layer in the circular polarizing plate is preferably a ⁇ / 4 retardation layer.
- the ⁇ / 4 retardation layer will be described in detail.
- the ⁇ / 4 retardation layer converts the linearly polarized light that has passed through the polarizer into circularly polarized light, and the circularly polarized light reflected by the wiring in the organic EL cell, the glass substrate, etc. is a straight line that is 90 degrees out of alignment with the incident linearly polarized light. It can be converted to polarized light.
- the ⁇ / 4 retardation layer may be a single ⁇ / 4 retardation layer, or may be a composite ⁇ / 4 retardation layer of a ⁇ / 4 retardation layer and a ⁇ / 2 retardation layer.
- a C plate layer or the like may be provided on the ⁇ / 4 retardation layer.
- the single-layer retardation layer and the composite ⁇ / 4 retardation layer may be collectively referred to as a ⁇ / 4 retardation layer.
- the in-plane retardation of the ⁇ / 4 retardation layer is preferably 100 to 180 nm, more preferably 120 to 150 nm.
- the in-plane retardation of the ⁇ / 2 retardation layer is preferably 200 to 360 nm, more preferably 240 to 300 nm.
- the orientation axis (slow phase axis) of each retardation layer is ⁇ / 4 phase difference between the two layers. It is preferable that they are arranged at such an angle.
- the angle ( ⁇ ) formed by the orientation axis (slow phase axis) of the ⁇ / 2 retardation layer and the transmission axis of the polarizer is preferably 5 to 20 degrees, more preferably 7 to 17 degrees.
- the angle formed by the orientation axis (slow phase axis) of the ⁇ / 2 retardation layer and the orientation axis (slow phase axis) of the ⁇ / 4 retardation layer is preferably in the range of 2 ⁇ + 45 degrees ⁇ 10 degrees, more preferably 2 ⁇ + 45 degrees ⁇ . It is in the range of 5 degrees, more preferably in the range of 2 ⁇ + 45 degrees ⁇ 3 degrees.
- Examples of the ⁇ / 4 retardation layer include JP-A-2008-149757, JP-A-2002-303722, WO2006 / 100830, JP-A-2015-64418, JP-A-2018-10086, and the like. It can be used as a reference.
- a C plate layer on the ⁇ / 4 retardation layer.
- a positive or negative C plate layer is selected according to the characteristics of the ⁇ / 4 retardation layer and the ⁇ / 2 retardation layer.
- the composite ⁇ / 4 retardation layer as a method of laminating the ⁇ / 4 retardation layer and the ⁇ / 2 retardation layer, for example, -A method in which a ⁇ / 2 retardation layer is provided on the polarizer by transfer and a ⁇ / 4 retardation layer is provided on the polarizing element by transfer.
- a method of providing a / 4 retardation layer by coating ⁇ A method of providing a ⁇ / 2 retardation layer on a polarizer by coating and a ⁇ / 4 retardation layer on it by transfer ⁇ ⁇ / 2 on a polarizer
- Method of providing a retardation layer and a ⁇ / 4 retardation layer by coating ⁇ A ⁇ / 4 retardation layer and a ⁇ / 2 retardation layer are provided in this order on a releasable substrate, and these are transferred onto a polarizer. The method can be mentioned.
- an automatic birefringence meter (KOBRA series, Oji Measurement Co., Ltd., etc.) is used to measure the surface of the retardation layer from a position of 0 degrees with respect to the normal direction.
- An example is a method in which the measurement is performed at an angle of up to 50 degrees every 10 degrees in the in-plane optical axis direction, and the film thickness and the average refractive index na are input to the attached software for calculation.
- the polarizer is provided with a retardation layer directly or via an interlayer protection layer. It should be noted that the fact that the polarizer is provided with the retardation layer means that not only the polarizer and the retardation layer are in contact with each other, but also the polarizer and the retardation layer are bonded with an adhesive or an adhesive. Also includes. Examples of the adhesive or adhesive for bonding include the above-mentioned ones.
- LP2 preferably has a polarizer on a releasable film. Further, LP2 preferably has a retardation layer on the side opposite to the release film of the polarizer, and preferably has a coat layer between the release film and the polarizer.
- the releasable film used for LP2 is the same as that described for LP1.
- the releasable film used in LP2 may be the same as or different from the releasable film used in LP1.
- the "coat layer” is referred to as "releasable film” in the description of the method of providing the polarizer and the orientation control layer described in LP1.
- "The coat layer surface of the laminate of the releasable film and the coat layer” can be read as "the releasable surface of the releasable film”.
- the retardation layer used for LP2 is the same as that described for LP1.
- the retardation layer used in LP2 may be the same as or different from the retardation layer used in LP1.
- the LP1 and LP2 may have a masking film bonded to the surface.
- a masking film a base material such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyester provided with an adhesive layer such as acrylic, rubber, or polyolefin is preferably used.
- the releasable substrate used for transferring the polarizer, the retardation layer, or the like may remain.
- the masking film and the releasable substrate are preferably peeled off immediately before being attached to the image display cell or immediately before the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or the adhesive layer is provided.
- LP1 and LP2 may be provided with an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer for adhering an image display cell on a polarizer surface or a retardation layer surface or the like, and further, these adhesive layers or adhesives.
- a separator may be laminated on the layer. As the separator, those listed in the releasable base material of the laminate for PVA polarizer transfer can be used.
- LP1 and LP2 do not have a self-supporting film as a constituent layer other than the film for the manufacturing process.
- the self-supporting film is independently manufactured as a film.
- the self-supporting film include a polarizer protective film.
- the film for the manufacturing process is a member that is used for manufacturing a laminate for polarizer transfer but is finally removed in an image display device.
- each layer constituting LP1 and LP2 is provided by coating or by transfer. This makes it possible to further reduce the thickness and weight.
- a liquid crystal display device or the like in which a liquid crystal compound is sealed in a glass plate or the like having an electrode is a liquid crystal cell, or an organic EL display device or the like in which an organic illuminant is sealed in a glass plate or the like having an electrode. Is called an organic EL cell.
- the image display cell is in a state before the polarizing plate is provided.
- a polarizing plate is provided in an image display cell so that an image can be displayed by inputting a signal, and a state in which a member such as a touch panel is laminated on the polarizing plate is called an image display panel.
- An image display device in which an image display panel is incorporated in a housing or the like together with a signal controller for displaying the image is sometimes called an image display device.
- the image display device of the present invention preferably includes an image display panel, that is, a device in which an image can be displayed by inputting a signal.
- the liquid crystal display device preferably has polarizers on both sides of the liquid crystal cell.
- the polarizer of at least one side of the liquid crystal display panel is preferably the polarizer, and the polarizers on both sides are preferably the polarizer.
- the order in which the polarizing elements are provided in the liquid crystal cell may be the visual side first, the light source side first, or the same.
- an adhesive When an adhesive is used for bonding, it is preferable to cure the adhesive by irradiating it with heating or radiation depending on the type of adhesive.
- LP1 may be a single leaf cut out to a required length.
- the LP1 may be unwound and cut out to a required length immediately before or while being bonded to the liquid crystal cell.
- the release layer of the transparent optical adhesive sheet is peeled off while winding LP1 to form a liquid crystal from the end. It may be pasted on a cell, cut to the required length and then pasted on the entire surface, or pasted on the entire surface and then cut to the required length.
- a knife or a laser can be used for cutting.
- the liquid crystal display device is a stationary VA type or IPA type, it is preferable to bond LP1 so that the absorption axis of the polarizer is in the horizontal direction.
- the releasable film may be peeled off.
- the releasable film may be peeled off immediately after the bonding, or may be peeled off immediately before assembling to the final form or after assembling to the final form in order to prevent damage in the next step or thereafter. Also, after the image display device has passed to the final consumer, the final consumer may peel off.
- the laminate for polarization transfer of LP1 may be used as LP2.
- the absorption axis direction of the polarizing element on the viewing side and the absorption axis direction of the polarizer on the light source side are provided so as to be orthogonal to each other. Therefore, in LP1 and LP2, the size of the liquid crystal display cell is adjusted. , It is preferable to change the width and length.
- the liquid crystal display device preferably has a reflective polarizing plate between the light source side polarizing element and the light source unit.
- the reflective polarizing plate include the brightness improving film DBEF series sold by 3M Ltd.
- the reflective polarizing plate may be attached to the polarizer surface or the coated surface with an adhesive or an adhesive after the release film is peeled off.
- the organic EL display device preferably has LP1 on the visual side of the organic EL cell.
- the thickness was determined by embedding the film in epoxy resin, cutting out a cross-sectional section, and observing with a polarizing microscope.
- the average refractive index was 1.60 in the case of the retardation layer using the retardation layer coating materials B and C, and 1.66 in the case of the retardation layer using the retardation layer coating material A.
- the obtained laminate was treated with a 4% boric acid aqueous solution for 30 seconds, then immersed in a mixed aqueous solution of iodine (0.2%) and potassium iodide (1%) for 60 seconds for staining, followed by It was treated with a mixed aqueous solution of potassium iodide (3%) and boric acid (3%) for 30 seconds. Further, this laminate was uniaxially stretched in the longitudinal direction in a mixed aqueous solution of boric acid (4%) and potassium iodide (5%) at 72 ° C., subsequently washed with a 4% potassium iodide aqueous solution, and the aqueous solution was prepared with an air knife.
- an acrylic ultraviolet curable adhesive is applied to the hard coat layer surface, superposed on the polarizing element surface (PVA surface) of the laminate for PVA polarizer transfer, and the adhesive is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the releasable film surface.
- PVA surface polarizing element surface
- LPFVA0 laminate for polarizer transfer
- Example 2 The laminate for polarizing element transfer (LPPVA0) obtained in Example 1 was cut out to a length of 70 cm, the thermoplastic resin base material was peeled off, a paint for an orientation control layer was applied to this surface, and the mixture was dried at 100 ° C. An orientation control layer having a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m was provided. Further, the orientation control layer was treated with a rubbing roll wrapped with a nylon blanket. The rubbing direction was the film flow direction. Subsequently, after applying the retardation layer coating material A to the surface subjected to the rubbing treatment, the solvent was evaporated by heating at 125 ° C. for 3 minutes, and the discotic liquid crystal compound was oriented. Subsequently, ultraviolet rays were subsequently irradiated for 30 seconds in an environment of 80 ° C. to obtain a laminate for polarizer transfer (LPPVA1).
- LPPVA1 laminate for polarizing element transfer
- Example 4 A laminate for polarizer transfer (LPPVA3) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the rubbing direction with respect to the orientation control layer was set to 45 degrees with respect to the flow direction of the film.
- Example 5 Preparation of laminate for retardation layer transfer
- a polyester film (Cosmo Shine (TM) A4100 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) having a width of 50 cm and a thickness of 38 ⁇ m was used as the releasable base material.
- a paint for an orientation control layer was applied to the non-easy-adhesive layer surface of the releasable substrate and dried at 100 ° C. to provide an orientation control layer having a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m. Further, the orientation control layer was treated with a rubbing roll wrapped with a brushed nylon cloth.
- the film was hung diagonally on the rubbing roll, and the direction of the rubbing roll, the running speed of the film, and the number of rotations of the rubbing roll were adjusted so that the rubbing direction was 45 degrees with respect to the flow direction of the film.
- the solvent was evaporated by heating at 110 ° C. for 3 minutes, and the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound was oriented. Further, it was irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 30 seconds in an environment of 110 ° C. to obtain a laminate for transfer of a retardation layer having a length of 200 m.
- the polarizing element transfer laminate (LPPVA0) obtained in Example 1 and the above-mentioned retardation layer transfer laminate are unwound, and the polarizing element surface of LPPVA0 and the retardation layer surface of the retardation layer transfer laminate are formed. After bonding using a UV curable adhesive, the laminate was wound up to obtain a laminate for polarizer transfer (LPPVA4) having a length of 200 m.
- LPPVA4 laminate for polarizer transfer
- Example 6 A paint for a low refractive index layer is applied to the corona-treated surface of the releasable film, dried in an oven at 90 ° C. to evaporate the solvent, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays to form a low refractive index layer having a thickness of 86 nm. did. Further, a paint for a high refractive index layer was applied on the low refractive index layer, dried at 90 ° C. in an oven to evaporate the solvent, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays to form a high refractive index layer having a thickness of 130 nm. .. The thickness was measured using an ellipsometer (HORIBA, Ltd., automatic thin film measuring device Smart SE).
- Example 2 a hard coat layer and a polarizer were provided in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a laminate for polarizer transfer. Further, a retardation layer was provided in the same manner as in Example 4, and a laminate for polarizer transfer (LPPVA5) was obtained.
- LPFVA5 laminate for polarizer transfer
- a low refractive index layer, a hard coat layer, and a polarizer are provided on the surface of the cured film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film having the obtained cured film is used as a releasable film, and laminated for polarizer transfer.
- a body (LPPVA6) was obtained.
- Example 8 After applying and drying the paint for the interlayer protection coat layer on the retardation layer of the polarizing element transfer laminate (LPPVA2) obtained in Example 3, the interlayer protection coat layer having a dry film thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m is irradiated with ultraviolet rays. Was provided. Subsequently, after the paint C for the retardation layer was applied and dried, ultraviolet rays were irradiated at 38 ° C. for 80 seconds to obtain a retardation layer in which the liquid crystal compound was vertically oriented.
- LPFVA2 polarizing element transfer laminate
- Example 9 The film prepared in Example 1 in which the low refraction layer and the hard coat layer were laminated was cut out to a length of 70 cm, the hard coat layer surface was rubbed in the long side direction, and the liquid crystal polarizing film paint was applied to the rubbed surface. .. Further, it was dried at 110 ° C. for 3 minutes to form a film having a thickness of 2 ⁇ m, which was subsequently irradiated with ultraviolet rays to obtain a laminate for polarizer transfer (LPLC0).
- LPLC0 laminate for polarizer transfer
- Example 10 The polarizing element transfer laminate (LPLC0) obtained in Example 9 was used instead of the polarizer transfer laminate (LPPVA0), and the rubbing direction of the orientation control layer was 45 degrees with respect to the film flow direction.
- a laminate for polarizer transfer (LPLC1) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except for the above.
- Example 11 An orientation control layer was provided in the same manner as in Example 10, a coating liquid D for a liquid crystal retardation layer was applied onto the rubbing-treated orientation control layer, dried at 120 ° C., and then heated for another 3 minutes to mature the liquid crystal. And the discotic compound was oriented. Subsequently, the coating layer was cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays to prepare a retardation layer having a thickness of 1.8 ⁇ m, whereby a laminate for polarizer transfer (LPLC2) was obtained.
- LPLC2 laminate for polarizer transfer
- Example 12 instead of the film in which the low refractive index layer and the hard coat layer prepared in Example 1 are laminated, the film in which the low refractive index layer, the high refractive index layer, and the hard coat layer prepared in Example 6 are laminated is used.
- a laminate for polarizer transfer (LPLC3) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the film was present.
- the reflection state of the fluorescent lamp was observed from an oblique direction (with the fluorescent lamp in the room reflected at an angle of about 45 degrees from the normal direction) of the liquid crystal display device.
- a polyester film with a thickness of 50 ⁇ m (Cosmo Shine (TM) A4100 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) is placed on the liquid crystal display device with the non-easy adhesive layer surface facing up, and all the reflections are compared with the reflection on this polyester film surface.
- TM Cosmo Shine
- the reflection state of the fluorescent lamp was observed from an oblique direction (in a state where the fluorescent lamp in the room was reflected at an angle of about 45 degrees from the normal direction) of the organic EL display device.
- a 50 ⁇ m-thick polyester film (Cosmo Shine (TM) A4100 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) is placed on the organic EL display device with the non-easy adhesive layer surface facing up, and all are reflected in comparison with the reflection on this polyester film surface. It was less crowded.
- Table 3 shows a summary of the evaluation results of the organic EL display device.
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Abstract
Description
項1.
画像表示セルの少なくとも片面に、離型性フィルム上にコート層及び偏光子がこの順で積層された偏光子転写用積層体LP1の偏光子が画像表示セル側に配置されるように、偏光子転写用積層体LP1を積層する工程を含む、画像表示装置の製造方法。
項2.
(A)画像表示セルの一方の面に、離型性フィルム上にコート層及び偏光子がこの順で積層された偏光子転写用積層体LP1の偏光子が画像表示セル側に配置されるように、偏光子転写用積層体LP1を積層する工程、及び
(B)画像表示セルの他方の面に、離型性フィルム上に偏光子が積層された偏光子転写用積層体LP2の偏光子が画像表示セル側に配置されるように、偏光子転写用積層体LP2を積層する工程
を含む、画像表示装置の製造方法。
項3.
偏光子転写用積層体LP1が、偏光子のコート層とは反対側に位相差層を有する、項1又は2に記載の画像表示装置の製造方法。
項4.
偏光子転写用積層体LP2が、偏光子の離型性フィルムとは反対側に位相差層を有する、項2又は3に記載の画像表示装置の製造方法。
項5.
偏光子転写用積層体LP2が、離型性フィルムと偏光子との間にコート層を有する、項2~4のいずれかに記載の画像表示装置の製造方法。
項6.
コート層が、ハードコート層、反射低減層、及び帯電防止層のいずれかを含む、項1~5のいずれかに記載の画像表示装置の製造方法。
項7.
画像表示セルが液晶表示セルである項1~6のいずれかに記載の画像表示装置の製造方法。
項8.
画像表示セルが有機EL表示セルである請求項1、3、及び6のいずれかに記載の画像表示装置の製造方法。
項9.
離型性フィルム上にコート層及び偏光子がこの順で積層された偏光子転写用積層体。
項10.
偏光子のコート層とは反対側に位相差層を更に有する、項9に記載の偏光子転写用積層体。
(A)画像表示セルの一方の面に、離型性フィルム上にコート層及び偏光子がこの順で積層された偏光子転写用積層体LP1の偏光子が画像表示セル側に配置されるように、偏光子転写用積層体LP1を積層する工程、及び
(B)画像表示セルの他方の面に、離型性フィルム上に偏光子が積層された偏光子転写用積層体LP2の偏光子が画像表示セル側に配置されるように、偏光子転写用積層体LP2を積層する工程
を含むことが好ましい。
LP1は、離型性フィルム上にコート層及び偏光子をこの順で有することが好ましい。
LP1の離型性フィルムとしては広く離型性フィルムとして用いられているものを適宜用いることができる。離型性フィルムは、単層又は多層からなり、少なくとも基材フィルムを含む。基材フィルムは樹脂フィルムであることが好ましい。樹脂フィルムの樹脂としては特に限定はなく、ポリエステル、ポリカーボネート、ポリアミド、ポリイミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリスチレン、トリアセチルセルロース、ポリプロピレン、環状ポリオレフィンなど、樹脂フィルムとなるものであれば制限なく使用できる。これらの中でも、機械的強度、耐熱性、供給安定性などの面からポリエステルが好ましく、さらにはポリエチレンテレフタレートが好ましい。また、基材フィルムは未延伸フィルムであっても延伸フィルムであってもよい。延伸フィルムである場合は一軸延伸フィルムであっても二軸延伸フィルムであってもよい。中でも二軸延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムが好ましい。
LP1のコート層は、単層又は多層からなり、構成層(多層の場合は各層)がコーティングで形成されている限り、如何なる種類のものであってもよい。コート層は、離型性フィルムの離型面に設けられることが好ましい。コート層の厚みの上限は50μmが好ましく、30μmがより好ましく、20μmがさらに好ましい。コート層の厚みの下限は特に限定されないが、0.1μmが好ましく、0.5μmがより好ましく、1μmがさらに好ましい。コート層が複数の層で構成される場合は、複数の層の厚みの合計が、上記を満たすことが好ましい。コート層の厚みを低減することにより、画像表示装置をより一層薄型にすることができる。
反射低減層は、空気との界面における反射率を低減できるものであれば、如何なる種類のものであってもよい。反射低減層により外光からの反射を抑制して画像を見やすくすることができる。
黒色のアクリル板に、HCP高透明粘着剤転写シート9483PLを用いて、偏光子転写用積層体を貼り合わせる。貼り合わせる面は、偏光子転写用積層体の離型性フィルムとは反対側の面(偏光子面、又は偏光子上に他の層が積層されている場合は他の層の表面)及び黒色のアクリル板の表面である。貼り合わせ後、離型性フィルムを剥離したサンプルを用い、分光光度計(株式会社島津製作所製、UV-3150)を使用して、波長550nmにおける5度反射率を測定する。なお、5度反射率は、入射角をサンプルの偏光子の透過軸方向に対して5度としたときの反射率である。
低反射層は、空気との屈折率差を低減できる層である限り特に制限されず、例えば、低屈折率層が挙げられる。低反射層の場合、反射率の上限は好ましくは5%であり、より好ましくは4%であり、さらに好ましくは3%である。反射率の下限は好ましくは0.8%であり、より好ましくは1%である。
反射防止層は、視認側界面における反射光と画像表示セル側界面における反射光とを干渉させて反射を防止できる層である限り特に制限されない。反射防止層としては、例えば、厚みが可視光の波長(400~700mn)/(低屈折率層の屈折率×4)程度である低屈折率層が挙げられる。
低屈折率層の屈折率は、1.45以下が好ましく、1.42以下がより好ましい。また、低屈折率層の屈折率は、1.20以上が好ましく、1.25以上がより好ましい。なお、低屈折率層の屈折率は、波長589nmの条件で測定される値である。
光重合性モノマーは、分子量が1000未満のものであることが好ましい。また、光重合性モノマーとしては、光重合性官能基を2つ(すなわち、2官能)以上有する多官能モノマーが好ましい。
光重合性オリゴマーは、重量平均分子量が1000以上10000未満のものであることが好ましい。本明細書において、「重量平均分子量」は、THF等の溶媒に溶解して、従来公知のゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)法によるポリスチレン換算により得られる値である。光重合性オリゴマーとしては、2官能以上の多官能オリゴマーが好ましい。多官能オリゴマーとしては、ポリエステル(メタ)アクリレート、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエステル-ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエーテル(メタ)アクリレート、ポリオール(メタ)アクリレート、メラミン(メタ)アクリレート、イソシアヌレート(メタ)アクリレート、エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。光重合性オリゴマーは1種類のみを用いてもよく、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
光重合性ポリマーは、重量平均分子量が10000以上のものが好ましく、塗工適性及び得られる層の外観の点から、10000以上80000以下のものがより好ましく、10000以上40000以下のものがさらに好ましい。光重合性ポリマーとしては、2官能以上の多官能ポリマーが好ましい。多官能ポリマーとしては、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート、イソシアヌレート(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエステル-ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート、エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。光重合性ポリマーは1種類のみを用いてもよく、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
高屈折率層の屈折率は1.55~1.85とすることが好ましく、1.56~1.70とすることがより好ましい。なお、高屈折率層の屈折率は、波長589nmの条件で測定される値である。
防眩層は表面の凹凸により乱反射させることが可能な層である限り特に制限されない。防眩層により、外光が表面で反射する場合の光源の形の映り込みを防止したり、眩しさを低減したりすることができる。
ハードコート(HC)層は、広くハードコート層として用いられているものを適宜用いることができる。ハードコート層の鉛筆硬度はH以上が好ましく、2H以上がより好ましい。ハードコート層は、例えば、熱硬化性樹脂又は放射線硬化性樹脂を含有する組成物(ハードコート層用塗料)を塗布、硬化させて設けることができる。
帯電防止層は、帯電防止剤を含む層である限り特に制限されない。帯電防止剤としては、4級アンモニウム塩などのカチオン性帯電防止剤;ポリアニリン、ポリチオフェンなどの導電性高分子;針状金属フィラー;スズドープ酸化インジウム微粒子、アンチモンドープ酸化スズ微粒子などの導電性高屈折率微粒子が挙げられる。帯電防止剤は1種類のみを用いてもよく、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
偏光子(偏光板、偏光膜、偏光層等とも称する)としては、例えば、一軸延伸されたポリビニルアルコール(PVA)にヨウ素又は有機系の二色性色素を吸着させたもの(PVA偏光子)、液晶化合物と二色性色素からなる組成物を塗工し配向させたもの(液晶偏光子)、ワイヤーグリッド偏光子などを用いることができる。
(a)PVA偏光子単体を貼り合わせる方法。
(b)離型性基材上のPVA偏光子を転写する方法。
(c)液晶偏光子用塗料を塗工する方法。
(d)離型性基材上の液晶偏光子を転写する方法。
(配向制御層)
液晶偏光子用塗料はコート層又は離型性基材に直接塗工してもよいが、予め配向制御層を設け、この配向制御層上に塗工する方法も好ましい。なお、本明細書において、配向制御層と液晶偏光子をあわせて1つの部材とみなし、その部材を液晶偏光子と呼ぶことがある。配向制御層と組み合わせる液晶偏光子は、総称としての液晶偏光子と明確に区別するため、液晶偏光層と呼ぶことがある。
ラビング処理配向制御層の材料には、通常、ポリマーが用いられる。ポリマーとしては、ポリビニルアルコール及びその誘導体、ポリイミド及びその誘導体、アクリル樹脂、ポリシロキサン誘導体などが好ましく用いられる。ポリマーは1種類のみを用いてもよく、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
光配向制御層は、光反応性基を有するポリマー及び/又はモノマーと溶剤とを含む光配向制御層用塗料をコート層又は離型性基材に塗布し、偏光、好ましくは偏光紫外線を照射することによって配向規制力を付与した配向膜であることが好ましい。光反応性基は、光照射により液晶配向能を生じる基であることが好ましく、具体的には、光を照射することで生じる分子の配向誘起又は異性化反応、二量化反応、光架橋反応、あるいは光分解反応のような、液晶配向能の起源となる光反応を生じる基であることが好ましい。当該光反応性基の中でも、二量化反応又は光架橋反応を起こすものが、配向性に優れ、スメクチック液晶状態を保持する点で好ましい。以上のような反応を生じうる光反応性基としては、不飽和結合、特に二重結合であると好ましく、C=C結合、C=N結合、N=N結合、C=O結合からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つを有する基が特に好ましい。
液晶偏光子は一方向のみの光を通過させる偏光子としての機能を有し、二色性色素を含むことが好ましい。
二色性色素は、分子の長軸方向における吸光度と、短軸方向における吸光度とが異なる性質を有する有機色素であることが好ましい。
重合性液晶化合物は、重合性基を有し、かつ、液晶性を示す化合物であることが好ましい。重合性基は、重合反応に関与する基を意味し、光重合性基であることが好ましい。ここで、光重合性基とは、後述する光重合開始剤から発生した活性ラジカル、酸などによって重合反応し得る基をいう。重合性基としては、ビニル基、ビニルオキシ基、1-クロロビニル基、イソプロペニル基、4-ビニルフェニル基、アクリロイルオキシ基、メタクリロイルオキシ基、オキシラニル基、オキセタニル基等が挙げられる。中でも、アクリロイルオキシ基、メタクリロイルオキシ基、ビニルオキシ基、オキシラニル基、オキセタニル基が好ましく、アクリロイルオキシ基がより好ましい。液晶性を示す化合物は、サーモトロピック液晶でもリオトロピック液晶でもよい。また、サーモトロピック液晶は、ネマチック液晶でもスメクチック液晶でもよい。
LP1が、偏光子のコート層とは反対側に位相差層を有することも好ましい形態である。位相差層としては、液晶表示装置の場合に偏光子と画像表示セルの間に光学補償のために設けられるもの、有機EL表示装置、マイクロLED表示装置などの場合に反射防止のために設けられるもの(λ/4位相差層、λ/2位相差層等)が代表的なものとして挙げられる。
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2)m-O-Ph1-COO-Ph2-OCO-Ph1-O-(CH2)n-OCO-CH=CH2
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2)m-O-Ph1-COO-NPh-OCO-Ph1-O-(CH2)n-OCO-CH=CH2
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2)m-O-Ph1-COO-Ph2-OCH3
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2)m-O-Ph1-COO-Ph1-Ph1-CH2CH(CH3)C2H5
(式中、
m及びnは2~6の整数であり、
Ph1及びPh2は1,4-フェニレン基(Ph2は2位にメチル基が置換されていてもよい)であり、
NPhは2,6-ナフチレン基である)
が挙げられる。
TNタイプ液晶セルにおいて、位相差層としては、ディスコティック液晶化合物で形成された層が好ましく、ディスコティック液晶化合物のディスコティック構造単位の円盤面が位相差層の厚み方向で徐々に傾斜角を変えながら配向された層であることが特に好ましい。
VAタイプ液晶セルにおいて、位相差層の屈折率楕円体は、厚みを持った円盤状(例えばアンパン状)~楕円板状(例えばハンバーグ状)であることが好ましい。
IPSタイプ液晶セルの場合、位相差層を設けないことが好ましいが、位相差層を設けてもよい。IPSタイプ液晶セルでは、液晶セルの液晶化合物の影響は少ないが、ディスプレイを斜め方向から見た場合に光源側偏光子の吸収軸と視認側偏光子の吸収軸が90度からずれて光漏れが発生するため、位相差層を用いる場合はこの角度のずれを修正するものであることが好ましい。
有機EL表示装置は、反射防止の目的で、有機ELセルの視認側に円偏光板を有することが好ましい。円偏光板における位相差層はλ/4位相差層であることが好ましい。以下、λ/4位相差層について詳しく説明する。
λ/4位相差層は、偏光子を通過した直線偏光を円偏光に変換し、有機ELセル内の配線、ガラス基板などで反射された円偏光を入射した直線偏光とは90度ずれた直線偏光に変換することができる。λ/4位相差層は単層のλ/4位相差層であってもよく、λ/4位相差層とλ/2位相差層との複合λ/4位相差層であってもよい。λ/4位相差層には、Cプレート層などが設けられていてもよい。本明細書において、単層の位相差層と複合λ/4位相差層をあわせてλ/4位相差層と称する場合がある。
単層のλ/4位相差層の場合、λ/4位相差層の配向軸(遅相軸)と偏光子の透過軸がなす角度は35~55度が好ましく、より好ましくは40度~50度、さらに好ましくは42~48度である。
・偏光子上にλ/2位相差層を転写により設け、その上にλ/4位相差層を転写により設ける方法
・偏光子上にλ/2位相差層を転写により設け、その上にλ/4位相差層を塗工により設ける方法
・偏光子上にλ/2位相差層を塗工により設け、その上にλ/4位相差層を転写により設ける方法
・偏光子上にλ/2位相差層及びλ/4位相差層を塗工により設ける方法
・離型性基材上にλ/4位相差層及びλ/2位相差層をこの順に設け、これらを偏光子上に転写する方法
が挙げられる。
Rth=[(nx+ny)/2-nz]×d (1)
R0=(nx-ny)×d (2)
R40=(nx-ny')×d/cos(φ) (3)
(nx+ny+nz)/3=na (4)
なお、
φ=sin-1〔sin(40°)/na〕
ny’=ny×nz/〔ny2×sin2(φ)+nz2×cos2(φ)〕1/2
・位相差層用塗料の溶媒を除去した後、非晶状態で紫外線を照射して得た薄膜切片を用い、アッベ屈折率計で測定した値
・類似の組成物からなる位相差層の値又はそれらの平均的な数値
・面内に光学軸を持つように配向させてReを測定し、膜厚からnxとnyを算出し、nzはnx(負のAプレート)又はny(正のAプレート)と同じ値とした場合に計算される値
LP1は、任意の2つの層の間(例えば、偏光子と位相差層の間、位相差層の偏光子が積層されていない面、複数の位相差層の間、接着剤又は粘着剤と偏光子又は位相差層との間)に、層間保護層を有していてもよい。層間保護層は、各層の成分又は使用溶剤が隣接する他の層に移行し、偏光度の低下又は位相差の変化が起こることを防ぐことができる。層間保護層は、位相差層及び/又は偏光子と共に離型性基材上に設けて対象物に転写してもよい。
LP2は、離型性フィルム上に偏光子を有することが好ましい。また、LP2は、偏光子の離型性フィルムとは反対側に位相差層を有することが好ましく、離型性フィルムと偏光子との間にコート層を有することが好ましい。
マスキングフィルム及び離型性基材は、画像表示セルに貼り合わせる直前、又は、粘着剤層又は接着剤層を設ける直前に剥離されることが好ましい。
また、LP1及びLP2は、偏光子面又は位相差層面等に画像表示セルを貼り合わせるための接着剤層又は粘着剤層を設けたものであってもよく、さらにはこれら接着剤層又は粘着剤層の上にセパレータを積層したものであってもよい。セパレータは、PVA偏光子転写用積層体の離型性基材で挙げたもの等を用いることができる。
一般的に、液晶表示装置などで電極を有するガラス板などに液晶化合物を封止した状態ものが液晶セル、有機EL表示装置などで電極を有するガラス板などに有機発光体を封止した状態ものが有機ELセルと呼ばれている。本発明では、このように偏光板を設ける前の状態のものを画像表示セルとする。
液晶表示装置は液晶セルの両側に偏光子が設けられることが好ましい。液晶表示パネルの少なくとも片面の偏光子は前記偏光子であることが好ましく、両面の偏光子が前記偏光子であることが好ましい。液晶セルに偏光子を設ける順番は視認側が先であっても光源側が先であってもよく、同時であってもよい。
液晶表示装置は、液晶セルの視認側にLP1を有することが好ましい。液晶セルの視認側にLP1を貼り合わせる方法としては、液晶セルの視認側面と、LP1の離型性フィルムとは反対側の面(偏光子面、又は偏光子上に他の層が積層されている場合は他の層の表面)とを接着剤又は粘着剤を用いて貼り合わせる方法が挙げられる。接着剤又は粘着剤としては、LP1の各層を貼り合わせる接着剤又は粘着剤が好ましく用いられる。接着剤又は粘着剤は、予めLP1に設けておいてもよく、貼り合わせる直前にLP1又は液晶セルに塗工してもよい。
液晶表示装置は、液晶セルの光源側にLP2を有することが好ましい。LP2の貼り合わせの方法は、LP1の貼り合わせ方法と同じであっても異なっていてもよい。但し、液晶表示装置が据え置き型のVAタイプ又はIPAタイプの場合、LP2は偏光子の吸収軸が垂直方向になるように貼り合わせることが好ましい。
有機EL表示装置は、有機ELセルの視認側にLP1を有することが好ましい。
有機EL表示装置はフォルダブル型(折り畳み型)又はローラブル型(巻き取り型)のものであってもよい。本発明の有機EL表示装置は薄型化が可能であり、折り畳み性や巻取り性が良好である。
厚さ50μmのポリエステルフィルム(東洋紡株式会社製コスモシャイン(TM)A4100)の非易接着層面に、後述の実施例と同じ条件で、配向制御層及び位相差層を設け、これをガラス板(35mm×35mm)に転写して測定用サンプルとした。転写には、紫外線硬化型接着剤を用いた。
サンプルを自動複屈折計(KOBRA―WR、王子計測(株))を用い、使用波長を590nmとした場合に垂直方向から測定したレタデーション値(Re)を測定し、さらに、位相差層用塗料Bを用いた位相差層の場合はフィルム面内の遅相軸を傾斜軸(回転軸)として、位相差層用塗料A及びCを用いた位相差層の場合はフィルム面内の任意の方向を傾斜軸として、フィルム法線方向に対して0度から10度おきに50度まで傾けて同様にレタデーション値を測定し、この値、厚み、及び平均屈折率からRthを求めた。
厚みは、フィルムをエポキシ樹脂に包埋し、断面切片を切り出し、偏光顕微鏡で観察して求めた。
平均屈折率は、位相差層用塗料B及びCを用いた位相差層の場合は1.60、位相差層用塗料Aを用いた位相差層の場合は1.66を用いた。
離型性フィルムは厚さ50μmのポリエステルフィルム(東洋紡株式会社製コスモシャイン(TM)A4100)を用い、非易接着層面を離型面とした。なお、非離型面には予めコロナ処理を行い、剥離力を調整した。
(1)PVA偏光子転写用積層体
熱可塑性樹脂基材として、極限粘度0.62dl/dのポリエチレンテレフタレートを押出機で溶融・混練後、冷却ロール上にシート状に押出し、厚さ100μmの未延伸フィルムを作製した。この未延伸フィルムの片面に、重合度2400、ケン化度99.9モル%のポリビニルアルコールの水溶液を塗布し乾燥して、PVA層を形成した。
得られた積層体を、120℃で周速の異なるロール間で長手方向に2倍に延伸して巻き取った。次に、得られた積層体を4%のホウ酸水溶液で30秒間処理した後、ヨウ素(0.2%)とヨウ化カリウム(1%)の混合水溶液で60秒間浸漬し染色し、引き続き、ヨウ化カリウム(3%)とホウ酸(3%)の混合水溶液で30秒間処理した。
さらに、この積層体を72℃のホウ酸(4%)とヨウ化カリウム(5%)混合水溶液中で長手方向に一軸延伸し、引き続き、4%ヨウ化カリウム水溶液で洗浄し、エアナイフで水溶液を除去した後に80℃のオーブンで乾燥し、両端部をスリットして巻き取り、幅50cm、長さ1000mのPVA偏光子転写用積層体を得た。合計の延伸倍率は6.5倍で、PVA偏光子の厚みは5μmであった。なお、厚みはPVA偏光子転写用積層体をエポキシ樹脂に包埋して切片を切り出し、光学顕微鏡で観察して読み取った。このPVA偏光子は表1ではPVA(転写)と標記した。
特表2007-510946号公報の[0134]段落の記載及びLub et al.Recl.Trav.Chim.Pays-Bas,115,321-328(1996)に準じて下記化合物(d)及び(e)を合成した。
幅50cmの離型性フィルムのコロナ処理面に低屈折率層用塗料を塗布し、オーブン中で90℃で乾燥させて溶剤を蒸発させた後に紫外線を照射し、厚さ0.5μmの低屈折率層を形成した。さらに低屈折率層の上にハードコート層用塗料を塗布し、オーブン中で90℃で乾燥させて溶剤を蒸発させた後に紫外線を照射し、厚み3μmのハードコート層を形成した。引き続き、ハードコート層面にアクリル系の紫外線硬化型接着剤を塗布し、PVA偏光子転写用積層体の偏光子面(PVA面)と重ね合わせ、離型性フィルム面から紫外線を照射して接着剤を硬化させて、偏光子転写用積層体(LPPVA0)を得た。長さ1000mのロールフィルムとして巻き取った。
実施例1で得られた偏光子転写用積層体(LPPVA0)を長さ70cmに切り出し、熱可塑性樹脂基材を剥離し、この面に配向制御層用塗料を塗布し、100℃で乾燥させ、厚さ0.5μmの配向制御層を設けた。さらに配向制御層をナイロン製の起毛布が巻かれたラビングロールで処理した。ラビング方向はフィルムの流れ方向に行った。引き続き、ラビング処理を施した面に位相差層用塗料Aを塗布後、125℃で3分間加熱して溶剤を蒸発させると共に、ディスコティック液晶性化合物を配向させた。引き続き、80℃の環境下で紫外線を30秒間照射し、偏光子転写用積層体(LPPVA1)を得た。
実施例2と同様にして配向制御層を設け、配向制御層をナイロン製の起毛布が巻かれたラビングロールで処理した。ラビング方向はフィルムの流れ方向に対して直交方向に行った。引き続き、位相差層用塗料Bを塗布後、110℃で3分間加熱して溶剤を蒸発させると共に、棒状液晶性化合物を配向させた。さらに、110℃の環境下で紫外線を30秒間照射し、偏光子転写用積層体(LPPVA2)を得た。
配向制御層に対するラビング方向をフィルムの流れ方向に対して45度にした以外は、実施例3と同様にして偏光子転写用積層体(LPPVA3)を得た。
(位相差層転写用積層体の作製)
離型性基材として、幅50cm及び厚み38μmのポリエステルフィルム(東洋紡株式会社製コスモシャイン(TM)A4100)を使用した。離型性基材の非易接着層面に配向制御層用塗料を塗布し、100℃で乾燥させ、厚さ0.5μmの配向制御層を設けた。さらに配向制御層をナイロン製の起毛布が巻かれたラビングロールで処理した。ラビングはフィルムをラビングロールに斜めに掛け、ラビングロールの方向とフィルムの走行速度、ラビングロールの回転数を調整して、ラビング方向がフィルムの流れ方向に対して45度となるよう行った。引き続き、位相差層用塗料Bを塗布後、110℃で3分間加熱して溶剤を蒸発させると共に、棒状液晶性化合物を配向させた。さらに110℃の環境下で紫外線を30秒間照射し、長さ200mの位相差層転写用積層体を得た。
離型性フィルムのコロナ処理面に低屈折率層用塗料を塗布し、オーブン中で90℃で乾燥させて溶剤を蒸発させた後に紫外線を照射して、厚さ86nmの低屈折率層を形成した。さらに低屈折率層の上に高屈折率層用塗料を塗布し、オーブン中で90℃で乾燥させて溶剤を蒸発させた後に紫外線を照射して、厚さ130nmの高屈折率層を形成した。なお、厚みはエリプソメーター(堀場製作所製、自動薄膜計測装置 Smart SE)を用いて測定した。引き続き、実施例1と同様にしてハードコート層及び偏光子を設けて、偏光子転写用積層体を得た。さらに、実施例4と同様に位相差層を設け、偏光子転写用積層体(LPPVA5)を得た。
幅50cmのポリエステルフィルム(東洋紡株式会社製コスモシャイン(TM)A4300)の片面に凹凸転写用塗料を塗工し、160℃で3分加熱硬化させ塗工量1.0g/m2の硬化膜を設けた。硬化膜は表面に粒子に由来する凹凸構造(Ra0.7μm)を有していた。
実施例3で得られた偏光子転写用積層体(LPPVA2)の位相差層上に層間保護コート層用塗料を塗布・乾燥後、紫外線を照射して乾燥膜厚0.5μmの層間保護コート層を設けた。引き続き、位相差層用塗料Cを塗布・乾燥後、38℃で紫外線を80秒照射して液晶化合物が垂直配向された位相差層を得た。
実施例1で作製した低屈折層及びハードコート層が積層されたフィルムを長さ70cmに切り出し、ハードコート層面を長辺方向にラビング処理し、このラビング処理面に液晶偏光膜用塗料を塗布した。さらに、110℃で3分間乾燥し、厚み2μmの膜を形成し、引き続き紫外線を照射して、偏光子転写用積層体(LPLC0)を得た。
偏光子転写用積層体(LPPVA0)の代わりに実施例9で得られた偏光子転写用積層体(LPLC0)を用いたこと、及び配向制御層のラビング方向をフィルムの流れ方向に対して45度にしたこと以外は、実施例3と同様にして偏光子転写用積層体(LPLC1)を得た。
実施例10と同様にして配向制御層を設け、ラビング処理を行った配向制御層上に液晶位相差層用塗布液Dを塗布し、120℃で乾燥の後さらに3分間加熱、液晶の熟成を行ってディスコティック化合物を配向させた。引き続き、紫外線を照射して塗布層を硬化させ、厚さ1.8μmの位相差層を作製することにより、偏光子転写用積層体(LPLC2)を得た。
実施例1で作製した低屈折率層及びハードコート層が積層されたフィルムの代わりに、実施例6で作製した低屈折率層、高屈折率層、及びハードコート層が積層されたフィルムを用いた以外は実施例10と同様にして、偏光子転写用積層体(LPLC3)を得た。
市販の各タイプ(IPS、VA、TN)の液晶表示セルの視認側偏光板及び光源側偏光板を剥がし、代わりに偏光子転写用積層体を液晶表示セルの大きさに切り取り、光学用粘着剤を用いて貼り合わせ、その後偏光子転写用積層体の離型性フィルムを剥離した。貼り合わせは元の液晶表示装置の偏光板の吸収軸と偏光子転写用積層体の吸収軸が同じ方向になるようにした。なお、LPPVA4は液晶セルと貼り合わせる直前に位相差層転写用積層体の離型性基材を剥離した。
液晶表示装置に風景画を表示させ、正面から画像の表示状態を観察したところ、すべて元の表示装置と同等の画質の画像が表示された。
画像を上下、左右、右上、右下方向に向けて、正面から各方向に動いて観察した。IPS及びVAタイプの液晶セルでは、視認側、光源側の両方にLPPVA0を用いたもの、TNタイプの液晶セルでは視認側、光源側の両方にLPPVA0を用いたものと比較して視野角の改善効果がある場合を○、変わらない場合は×とした。
液晶表示装置を斜め方向から(法線方向から約45度傾けて室内の蛍光灯が映り込む状態で)蛍光灯の映り込み状態を観察した。液晶表示装置の上に厚さ50μmのポリエステルフィルム(東洋紡株式会社製コスモシャイン(TM)A4100)の非易接着層面を上にして置き、このポリエステルフィルム面の映り込みと比較して、すべて映り込みが少なかった。
液晶表示画面をスチールウールで50往復こすった後、偏光子の剥がれを観察したが、偏光子の剥がれは観察されず、傷付き性にも優れていた。
市販の有機EL表示装置の円偏光板を剥がし、代わりに偏光子転写用積層体を液晶表示セルの大きさに切り取り、光学用粘着剤を用いて貼り合わせ、その後偏光子転写用積層体の離型性フィルムを剥離した。貼り合わせは元の表示装置の円偏光板の吸収軸と偏光子転写用積層体の吸収軸が同じ方向になるようにした。
室内で背後に蛍光灯が来るようにして画面を観察し、反射防止効果を確認したところ、すべて元の有機EL表示装置と同等の反射防止効果が認められた。
有機EL表示装置を斜め方向から(法線方向から約45度傾けて室内の蛍光灯が映り込む状態で)蛍光灯の映り込み状態を観察した。有機EL表示装置の上に厚さ50μmのポリエステルフィルム(東洋紡株式会社製コスモシャイン(TM)A4100)の非易接着層面を上にして置き、このポリエステルフィルム面の映り込みと比較して、すべて映り込みが少なかった。
有機EL表示画面をスチールウールで50往復こすった後、偏光子の剥がれを観察したが、偏光子の剥がれは観察されず、傷付き性にも優れていた。
Claims (10)
- 画像表示セルの少なくとも片面に、離型性フィルム上にコート層及び偏光子がこの順で積層された偏光子転写用積層体LP1の偏光子が画像表示セル側に配置されるように、偏光子転写用積層体LP1を積層する工程を含む、画像表示装置の製造方法。
- (A)画像表示セルの一方の面に、離型性フィルム上にコート層及び偏光子がこの順で積層された偏光子転写用積層体LP1の偏光子が画像表示セル側に配置されるように、偏光子転写用積層体LP1を積層する工程、及び
(B)画像表示セルの他方の面に、離型性フィルム上に偏光子が積層された偏光子転写用積層体LP2の偏光子が画像表示セル側に配置されるように、偏光子転写用積層体LP2を積層する工程
を含む、画像表示装置の製造方法。 - 偏光子転写用積層体LP1が、偏光子のコート層とは反対側に位相差層を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の画像表示装置の製造方法。
- 偏光子転写用積層体LP2が、偏光子の離型性フィルムとは反対側に位相差層を有する、請求項2又は3に記載の画像表示装置の製造方法。
- 偏光子転写用積層体LP2が、離型性フィルムと偏光子との間にコート層を有する、請求項2~4のいずれかに記載の画像表示装置の製造方法。
- コート層が、ハードコート層、反射低減層、及び帯電防止層のいずれかを含む、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の画像表示装置の製造方法。
- 画像表示セルが液晶表示セルである請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の画像表示装置の製造方法。
- 画像表示セルが有機EL表示セルである請求項1、3、及び6のいずれかに記載の画像表示装置の製造方法。
- 離型性フィルム上にコート層及び偏光子がこの順で積層された偏光子転写用積層体。
- 偏光子のコート層とは反対側に位相差層を更に有する、請求項9に記載の偏光子転写用積層体。
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