WO2020224255A1 - Wheel flat-rotation transmission mechanism - Google Patents

Wheel flat-rotation transmission mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020224255A1
WO2020224255A1 PCT/CN2019/122981 CN2019122981W WO2020224255A1 WO 2020224255 A1 WO2020224255 A1 WO 2020224255A1 CN 2019122981 W CN2019122981 W CN 2019122981W WO 2020224255 A1 WO2020224255 A1 WO 2020224255A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
wheel
elastic
main shaft
slave
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PCT/CN2019/122981
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
强海胜
Original Assignee
强海胜
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Application filed by 强海胜 filed Critical 强海胜
Priority to CN201980004456.6A priority Critical patent/CN111183303A/en
Publication of WO2020224255A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020224255A1/en
Priority to CN202080005210.3A priority patent/CN112867624A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/128687 priority patent/WO2021109838A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B9/00—Wheels of high resiliency, e.g. with conical interacting pressure-surfaces
    • B60B9/26—Wheels of high resiliency, e.g. with conical interacting pressure-surfaces comprising resilient spokes

Definitions

  • the present invention is an applied basic research in the field of automobile power technology, and mainly relates to the power technology field of wheeled motor transportation vehicles such as automobiles and trains.
  • the present invention formally proposes a brand-new automotive dynamics theory—wheel horizontal rotation dynamics theory (invention theory definition) and wheel transmission technology solutions, aiming to fundamentally solve the energy conservation and environmental protection of existing automotive power technology Problems etc.
  • wheel drive and wheel braking are all technical problems in the category of automobile dynamics, and they are all three-body dynamics (there is a periodic solution) about the relative motion and interaction of "body, wheel, and road surface".
  • the "internal force” and “external force” of the car's inertial motion system can be produced simultaneously only through interaction.
  • the engine drives the car to accelerate, the body moves relative to the road surface, the wheels rotate on the axle and roll on the road surface, which has the three-body compound movement characteristics of "translation + rotation + rolling".
  • the present invention designs a wheel coupling transmission mechanism that has both translational and rotational motion; that is, through the transmission mechanism, when the automobile engine drives the wheels to rotate and rubs the road backward, the wheels produce existing positive motion on the axles.
  • the wheels can only produce pure rotational motion (referred to as "pure rotational motion") relative to the axle.
  • the present invention is based on the coupling transmission structure of the PCT invention patent "Wheel Balance Drive Mechanism (PCT/CN/2019/085779)" According to the installation position of the star wheel and the installation method of the elastic cuboid, the following improved design schemes are proposed, and the narrative errors in the principle are corrected:
  • the wheel horizontal rotation transmission mechanism of the present invention includes a columnar main shaft, a cylindrical slave shaft, a slave shaft flange containing a coaxial shaft section, a combined star wheel, an elastic cuboid and a bearing.
  • the slave shaft is mounted on the main shaft through a bearing, and has the function of coaxial relative rotation with the main shaft.
  • One end of the main shaft is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the gearbox of the automobile engine or electric motor; on the circumference of the other end of the main shaft, the main shaft grooves with radial and axial rectangular openings outward are uniformly distributed, and these rectangular grooves
  • a central gear is formed on the main shaft.
  • a plurality of circular grooves of the slave shaft that are open axially outward are uniformly distributed on the annular surface at one end of the slave shaft.
  • the axial cross section of the circular groove of the slave shaft is circular, and the bottom of the circular groove is along the radial direction.
  • a radial rectangular horn opening facing the axis is provided, and the top of the circular groove is provided with a radial rectangular cylindrical groove facing the axis.
  • the combined star wheel composed of one end of the elastic cuboid and two half-cylinders is inserted into the circular groove of the slave shaft and has a relative rotation function; the other end of the elastic cuboid is inserted and installed in the groove of the main shaft respectively to make the elastic
  • the cuboid has the function of simultaneously generating elastic bending moment deformation in the annular elastic cavity formed by the main shaft, the slave shaft, the combined star wheel, the bearing and the slave shaft flange. Uniformly distributed from the round groove of the secondary shaft between the end of the secondary shaft and the secondary shaft flange, through the axial bolts to achieve coaxial fastening connection, the coaxial section of the secondary shaft flange and the rotating shaft of the existing vehicle wheel bearing unit Coaxially connected.
  • the coupling transmission mechanism is composed of the main shaft, the slave shaft, the combined star wheel, the elastic cuboid, the bearing and the slave shaft flange, and the wheel In the state of synchronous static or free rotation, no elastic bending moment is generated for the shaft and wheels of the existing vehicle wheel bearing unit.
  • the output shaft of the gearbox of the automobile engine or motor starts to act on the main shaft, and the two ends of the elastic cuboid are synchronously meshed through the main shaft groove, the combined star wheel and the circular groove of the slave shaft, and the elastic bending is rapidly generated in the annular elastic cavity.
  • the two ends of the elastic cuboid produce synchronous small displacement sliding in the main shaft groove and the combined star wheel.
  • the elastic cuboid synchronously completes the elastic potential energy storage, and then acts on the coaxial shaft section of the slave shaft and the slave shaft flange.
  • the rotating shaft of the wheel bearing unit for the current vehicle makes the wheel start to rotate forward and rub the road backward.
  • the main shaft, the slave shaft and the slave shaft flanges and the wheels start to enter a rapid and periodic flat rotation state on the axle.
  • On the axle it forms a moment balance function and a balance booster driving function.
  • the slave shaft and the combined star wheel and the main shaft produce a relative reverse revolution, and the combined star wheel synchronously generates a relative reverse rotation in the circular groove of the slave shaft; when the relative reverse rotation When the revolution and relative reverse rotation stop, the slave shaft and the combined star wheel and the main shaft immediately produce a relatively positive revolution, and the combined star wheel synchronously generates a relatively positive rotation in the circular groove of the slave shaft; once the said relative positive revolution,
  • the main shaft, the slave shaft, the slave shaft flange and the wheel on the axle will immediately enter a new horizontal rotation movement cycle, cyclically reciprocating, until the end of the transmission mechanism.
  • the main shaft When the transmission mechanism is finished, once the torque of the gearbox output shaft of the automobile engine or electric motor disappears, the main shaft will immediately stop the elastic bending moment of the slave shaft, and the elastic cuboid will simultaneously release the elastic potential energy.
  • the main shaft, the slave shaft and the slave shaft flange The disc and the wheel on the axle immediately end the rapid and periodic translational movement and the balanced force-increasing driving action.
  • the above-mentioned transmission mechanism is installed on the gearbox of the automobile engine or electric motor as the output shaft, or installed on the wheel drive half shaft for use as a coupling;
  • the main shaft is coaxially connected with the gearbox output shaft of the automobile engine or electric motor, and used from
  • the shaft is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of the existing car wheel bearing unit, or the slave shaft is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the car engine or motor gearbox as a driving shaft, and the main shaft is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of the existing car wheel bearing unit.
  • the driven shaft is used.
  • the gearbox output shaft of the automobile engine or electric motor drives the wheels to friction on the road surface in a fast and periodic horizontal rotation motion, compared with the existing automobile power technology, the driving efficiency is doubled and the energy saving is about 40%.
  • the driving efficiency is doubled and the energy saving is about 40%.
  • by greatly improving the passing performance of the car it can also provide the necessary active safety technology protection function for the car.
  • the wheel coupling transmission mechanism of the present invention is also suitable for trains and other wheeled motor vehicles or other mechanical transmission fields.
  • Figure 1 is an axial plan view of the overall assembly structure (without slave shaft flange) of the embodiment of the transmission mechanism
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lateral shaft cross-sectional view of the overall assembly structure of the embodiment of the transmission mechanism (with a slave shaft flange),
  • Figures 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of the axial plane and lateral axis cross-sectional views of the main shaft (including the combined star wheel), respectively.
  • Figures 4a and 4b are schematic cross-sectional views of the axial plane and the lateral axis of the shaft (including the elastic cuboid), respectively,
  • Figures 5a and 5b are respectively a schematic cross-sectional view of the axial plane and lateral axis of the slave shaft flange
  • Figures 6a and 6b are schematic diagrams of the principle of the transmission mechanism embodiment when it is not working and when it is working, respectively.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the friction force analysis between the wheel and the road surface when the transmission mechanism is working.
  • Figures 1 and 2 are schematic views of the axial plane and lateral axis cross-sectional views of the overall assembly structure of the embodiment of the wheel pan-rotation transmission mechanism:
  • 1 is a cylindrical main shaft, which is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the gearbox of an automobile engine or electric motor; 2 is a cylindrical slave shaft, which is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of the wheel bearing unit of the existing vehicle through the slave shaft flange 6; the main shaft and the slave shaft
  • the type of coaxial connection with other rotating shafts, such as flanges, splines, universal joints, etc., can be determined according to the layout of the car chassis.
  • 3 is a combined star wheel, 4 is an elastic cuboid, there are six; the combined star wheel is a complete short cylinder composed of two half cylinders and one end of the elastic cuboid. The number of the combined star wheel and the elastic cuboid can be changed as required.
  • 5 is a rolling bearing
  • the coaxial combination uses two thin-walled deep groove rolling ball bearings with metal seal rings on both sides to realize the coaxial positioning and relative rotation between the main shaft and the slave shaft.
  • 7 is the main shaft groove, used to insert one end of the elastic cuboid
  • the central gear is formed by six main shaft grooves, and the radius of the central gear is equal to the radius of the combined star wheel to ensure that the main shaft can produce the best elastic bending moment when acting on the slave shaft.
  • effect. 8 is the circular groove of the slave shaft, which is used for the self-rotating installation of the combined star wheel on the slave shaft.
  • the annular elastic cavity formed by the main shaft, the slave shaft, the combined star wheel, the rolling bearing and the slave shaft flange should be filled with lubricating grease to reduce the sliding friction and wear of the sun gear, the combined star wheel and the elastic cuboid, and Lubricate the two combined rolling bearings to extend the service life of the transmission mechanism.
  • Figures 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of the axial plane and lateral axis cross-sectional views of the main shaft (including the elastic cuboid) respectively:
  • 1 is the columnar spindle. 4 is an elastic rectangular parallelepiped, used as an elastic potential energy storage and conversion component. 7 is the main shaft groove, the radial and axial rectangular openings are outward. 13 is the installation shaft section of the inner ring of the two rolling bearing. 15 is the fixed retaining ring of the inner ring of the rolling bearing. 16 is the removable retaining ring groove of the inner ring of the rolling bearing.
  • Figures 4a and 4b are schematic diagrams of the axial plane and lateral axis section of the slave shaft (including the combined star wheel):
  • 2 is a cylindrical slave shaft.
  • 3 is a combined star wheel, composed of two half cylinders.
  • 8 is a circular groove from the shaft, the axial cross section of which is circular and axially open to the outside.
  • 9 is a radial rectangular cylindrical groove from the top of the circular groove of the shaft, and 10 is a radial rectangular horn opening from the bottom of the circular groove of the shaft, both of which are part of the structure of the circular groove from the shaft.
  • 11 is the axial threaded hole.
  • 14 is the installation shaft section of the outer ring of the two rolling bearing.
  • 15 is the fixed retaining ring of the outer ring of the rolling bearing.
  • 16 is the removable retaining ring groove of the outer ring of the rolling bearing.
  • Figures 5a and 5b are schematic diagrams of the axial plane and lateral shaft cross-sectional views of the slave shaft flange respectively:
  • 6 is the slave shaft flange with an integrated coaxial shaft section.
  • 12 is the axial circular through hole on the flange of the slave shaft, which is used to fasten the bolts on one end of the cylindrical slave shaft.
  • the main shaft, the slave shaft, the combined star wheel, and the slave shaft flange can be made of steel with suitable labels and processed by turning and other technological methods; the elastic cuboid can be processed by suitable spring steel, such as 50CrVA, etc.; rolling bearings and their available
  • the removable retaining ring can use standard mechanical parts.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can be installed on the gearbox of an automobile engine or electric motor as an output shaft, and can also be installed on a wheel drive half shaft.
  • the transmission output shaft of the engine or electric motor, and the rotating shaft of the wheel bearing unit for the existing vehicle the exchange of the main shaft and the slave shaft is supported.
  • FIGS 6a and 6b are schematic diagrams of the principle when the embodiment of the transmission mechanism is not working and working:
  • Point O is the axial projection of the main axis and the slave axis.
  • Point O' is the axial projection of the rotation axis of the combined star wheel.
  • the closed line area where D represents the axial projection of the central gear.
  • the closed line area where W represents the axial projection of the slave axis. Note: There is no projection for rolling bearings.
  • R is the radius of the circle where the center of the circular groove of the slave shaft is located.
  • r is the radius of the combined star wheel and the central gear;
  • r' is the inner diameter of the circular groove of the slave shaft, and
  • r ⁇ r' is the deformation length of the elastic cuboid under the action of the elastic bending moment.
  • ⁇ 0 is the angular velocity of the slave shaft and the wheel.
  • ⁇ 1 is the angular velocity of the main shaft.
  • ⁇ is the angular velocity at which the combined star wheel generates synchronous relative rotation in the circular groove of the slave shaft.
  • Tp(t) is the linear time function of the elastic acting bending moment generated by each elastic cuboid when the transmission mechanism starts to work; the maximum bending moment acting value generated by the six elastic cuboids when working simultaneously is Tp(t0), set this moment as t0.
  • M is the magnitude of the output torque of the gearbox of the engine or electric motor; T1 and T2 are the magnitude of the reverse torque and the same direction torque of the wheels when the transmission mechanism is working.
  • R, r, L, the length/width/height of the elastic rectangular parallelepiped, and the mechanical performance parameters of the elastic material, etc. are the core design parameters of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the friction force analysis between the wheel and the road surface when the transmission mechanism is working:
  • f and fmax are the static friction between the wheel and the road surface and the maximum value respectively.
  • Fd is the forward driving force of the wheel on the axle;
  • F is the front and rear balance of the wheel on the road.
  • R1 is the radius of the wheel.
  • ⁇ 0 is the angular velocity of the wheels;
  • V is the forward translational linear velocity of the vehicle body.
  • the angle ⁇ corresponds to the angle ⁇ in Figure 6b.
  • the gearbox output shaft of the automobile engine or electric motor starts to output the acting torque M in the clockwise direction at the angular velocity ⁇ 1, and M rapidly increases from 0 to 6Tp(t0), the maximum acting value of M and its increasing rate, It will be determined by the acceleration of the car every time it starts, as shown in Figures 6b and 7.
  • the central gear D of the main shaft Under the action of the central gear D of the main shaft, one end of the six elastic rectangular parallelepipeds is synchronously meshed in the clockwise direction through the groove of the main shaft to quickly generate an elastic bending moment, and the other end of the six elastic rectangular parallelepiped is synchronously meshed to combine the star wheel and the circular groove of the slave shaft.
  • the combined star wheel can simultaneously generate a relatively counterclockwise rotation in the circular groove of the slave shaft.
  • the six elastic cuboids simultaneously produce elastic bending moment deformation in the annular elastic cavity, and produce synchronous small displacement sliding in the combined star wheel and main shaft groove.
  • the angle between the wheel and the road is ⁇ Therefore, the main shaft, the slave shaft, the slave shaft flange and the wheels enter a fast and periodic flat rotation state on the axle, and the wheels form a torque balance and a balanced force driving effect on the axle, as shown in Figures 6b and 7 .
  • the slave shaft and the combined star wheel and the main shaft produce a relative revolution angular velocity ⁇ 1- ⁇ 0 in the counterclockwise direction, and the combined star wheel synchronously generates a relatively counterclockwise rotation in the circular groove of the slave shaft.
  • the elastic bending moment 6Tp(t0) acts on the car body forward through the axle, and the car body immediately starts to actively apply force to the wheels and rubs the road backward to make the road face
  • the present invention Not only will it not affect the smoothness of the car's acceleration, but it will also improve the adaptive matching performance of the car's power system.
  • the main shaft When the mechanism is finished, once the torque of the gearbox output shaft of the automobile engine or electric motor disappears, the main shaft will immediately stop the elastic bending moment of the slave shaft, and the elastic cuboid will simultaneously release the elastic potential energy.
  • the main shaft, the slave shaft, and the slave shaft flange The disc, the combined star wheel and the wheel on the axle immediately end the rapid and periodic translational movement and the balanced force-increasing driving action.
  • the present invention also needs the support of the existing ASR/TCS wheel anti-skid drive electronic active safety control function to ensure that the driving wheels are always in a low slip rate rolling static friction state on the road surface.
  • the best and safe vehicle driving efficiency Fd 3f ⁇ 3fmax, until the transmission mechanism is fully working.
  • the essential principle of automobile drive technology is to convert the mechanical energy output by the engine or electric motor (ie, the “internal energy of the automobile system”) into the work of the automobile by driving the wheels to rotate and rub against the road.
  • the vehicle body can actively apply force to the wheels and the road surface.
  • the wheel produces a balancing force effect on the road surface.
  • the vehicle body produces a 2f balanced force driving effect relative to the road surface.
  • This fast cycle of the wheel The natural energy conversion method can make the mechanical energy output by the engine or electric motor more converted into the forward motion kinetic energy of the car; that is, the conversion efficiency of the "car system internal energy” is very high and can be used efficiently.
  • the mechanical energy output by the engine or electric motor is converted into the translational kinetic energy of the car body.
  • the energy-saving index of the technology of the present invention is that fuel-fuel vehicles save about 40% of fuel and electric vehicles save about 40% of electricity.
  • the coupling transmission mechanism is simple in structure, safe and reliable, and low in cost
  • second the fuel consumption and exhaust emissions of the car are greatly reduced
  • third the power performance, control performance and driving experience of the car are greatly improved And traffic network efficiency
  • fourth is to greatly improve the adaptive matching performance of the automobile power system
  • fifth is to greatly improve the safety of the car, and to reduce the friction load and wear of the wheels and tires
  • the sixth is to greatly improve the endurance of electric vehicles
  • the present invention is also applicable to other wheeled motor vehicles such as trains or other mechanical transmission fields.
  • the present invention proposes a brand-new wheel translation dynamics theory and automobile power technology solutions to promote the development of global wheeled motor vehicle power technology.
  • Progress has opened up the space for technological innovation to solve the long-term sustainable development problems faced by human society.
  • Main shaft-the columnar shaft connected to the output shaft of the gearbox of the automobile engine or electric motor is defined as the "active shaft”, or “main shaft” for short.
  • Slave shaft flange the coaxial shaft segment and flange that are coaxially fastened to one end of the cylindrical slave shaft and coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the existing vehicle wheel bearing unit, which is defined as the "slave shaft method” Blue plate”.
  • star wheel star wheel
  • star wheel radius-a combined short cylinder composed of two half-cylinders and one end of an elastic cuboid, defined as “combined star wheel”, referred to as “star wheel”; this combined short cylinder
  • the outer diameter of the body is called the "star wheel radius”.
  • spindle grooves Spindle grooves
  • the gear transmission mechanism formed on the main shaft is defined as the “center gear”; the outer diameter of the center gear cylinder is called the “center gear radius”; the main shaft groove is used to install one end of the elastic cuboid.
  • Slave shaft circular groove-on the circumference of one end surface of the slave shaft a circular groove with a circular axial cross-section, a radial rectangular horn opening facing the shaft center and axially opening outward, is defined as "Slave shaft circular groove”;
  • the slave shaft circular groove is used to install a self-rotating combined star wheel.
  • the elastic cuboid is installed in an annular cavity formed by the main shaft, the slave shaft, the combined star wheel, the rolling bearing and the flange of the slave shaft.
  • the combined star wheel and the circular groove of the slave axis are synchronously meshed with the two ends of the elastic rectangular parallelepiped to produce elastic bending moment deformation at the same time.
  • the annular cavity is defined as an "annular elastic cavity”.
  • Revolution, rotation, and translational motion-when the wheel transmission mechanism of the present invention is working if the slave shaft and the combined star wheel rotate in the reverse or forward direction relative to the main shaft, it is defined as “revolution", and the combined star wheel is in the circular groove of the slave shaft
  • the relative reverse or forward rotation inside is defined as “rotation”.
  • rotation When the instantaneous angular velocity values of revolution and rotation are equal or approximately equal, the slave shaft and main shaft and wheels produce periodic motions and rotations on the axle. Compound movement is defined as "horizontal rotation”.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a wheel flat-rotation transmission mechanism. the mechanism being composed of a main shaft (1), an auxiliary shaft (2), star wheels (3), elastic cuboids (4), bearings (5), and an auxiliary shaft flange plate (6), wherein the auxiliary shaft (2), which is coaxially connected to the auxiliary shaft flange plate (6), is arranged on the main shaft (1) via the bearings (5) and can rotate in a relative manner; each star wheel (3) formed by one end of an elastic cuboid (4) and two semi-cylinders is arranged in an auxiliary shaft circular groove (8) and can self-rotate, and the other end of each elastic cuboid (4) is arranged in a main shaft groove (7), such that the elastic cuboids (4) can generate deformation under an elastic bending moment effect in an annular elastic cavity defined by the main shaft (1), the auxiliary shaft (2), the star wheels (3), the bearings (5) and the auxiliary shaft flange plate (6); and an engine acts on the main shaft (1), such that the main shaft grooves (7), the star wheels (3) and the auxiliary shaft circular grooves (8) synchronously mesh with two ends of the elastic cuboids (4) to generate the elastic bending moment effect to drive, via the auxiliary shaft flange plate (6), wheels to produce friction with a road surface, such that the wheels form a rapid and cyclic flat-rotation motion and balance reinforcement effect. The transmission mechanism can increase the automobile driving effect, and is energy efficient and environmentally friendly.

Description

车轮平旋传动机构Wheel flat rotation transmission mechanism 技术领域Technical field
本发明是汽车动力技术领域的一项应用基础研究，主要涉及汽车、列车等轮式机动交通运输工具的动力技术领域。The present invention is an applied basic research in the field of automobile power technology, and mainly relates to the power technology field of wheeled motor transportation vehicles such as automobiles and trains.
背景技术Background technique
自从现代汽车发明以来，随着汽车的普及，已造成全球道路交通事故的日益增多、石油资源的逐渐枯竭和汽车尾气的大量排放问题等，使“安全、节能、环保”成为汽车产业领域亟待解决的三大技术难题。而解决汽车动力技术的节能环保问题，全球汽车界一直都是依赖于发动机、变速箱、车轮轮胎、车身造型与轻量化、混合动力、电动化、电机轮毂和制动能量回收等现有传统技术路线；解决汽车动力技术的安全问题，还使用了ASR/TCS车轮防滑驱动等电子主动安全控制技术。但在汽车动力学基础理论无创新突破的前提下，仅依赖于现有传统技术路线，是不可能从根本上解决汽车动力技术节能环保问题的，也不可能解决汽车制动技术的安全问题。Since the invention of modern automobiles, with the popularization of automobiles, it has caused an increasing number of road traffic accidents around the world, the gradual exhaustion of petroleum resources, and a large number of automobile exhaust emissions, making "safety, energy saving, and environmental protection" an urgent need for solutions in the automotive industry. The three major technical problems. To solve the energy-saving and environmental protection problems of automotive power technology, the global automotive industry has always relied on existing traditional technologies such as engines, gearboxes, wheels and tires, body styling and weight reduction, hybrid power, electrification, motor hubs, and braking energy recovery. Route; To solve the safety problem of automobile power technology, it also uses electronic active safety control technology such as ASR/TCS wheel anti-skid drive. However, on the premise that there is no innovative breakthrough in the basic theory of automobile dynamics, it is impossible to fundamentally solve the energy-saving and environmental protection problems of automobile power technology, and it is impossible to solve the safety problem of automobile braking technology only by relying on the existing traditional technical routes.
基于牛顿定律，本发明正式提出了一种全新的汽车动力学理论—车轮平旋动力学理论(发明理论定义)及车轮传动技术解决方案，旨在从根本上解决现有汽车动力技术的节能环保问题等。Based on Newton's law, the present invention formally proposes a brand-new automotive dynamics theory—wheel horizontal rotation dynamics theory (invention theory definition) and wheel transmission technology solutions, aiming to fundamentally solve the energy conservation and environmental protection of existing automotive power technology Problems etc.
根据现有车轮纯旋动力学理论(发明理论定义)，分析汽车驱动问题时，人们都是将“车身、车轮”视为一主体，将“路面”视为一客体，并认为在主、客两体之间，车轮与路面的摩擦附着力(即滚动静摩擦力)就是推动汽车加速前行的主要作用外力，且该外力的作用极值受限于车轮与路面的最大静摩擦力值。在该理论的长期禁锢下，人们一直把发动机作用车轮的力看作是汽车惯性运动***的“内力”，因此，对于“车身、车轮”的相对运动与相互作用，自然不会有人再深究，致使在涉及“车轮、路面”相对运动与相互摩擦作用的汽车动力学基础理论上，也没能取得突破性的研究进展。According to the existing theory of wheel pure rotation dynamics (inventive theory definition), when analyzing the problem of automobile driving, people always regard “body and wheel” as a subject, and “road surface” as an object. Between the two bodies, the frictional adhesion between the wheel and the road (ie, rolling static friction) is the main external force that drives the car to accelerate, and the extreme value of the external force is limited by the maximum static friction value between the wheel and the road. Under the long-term confinement of this theory, people have always regarded the force exerted by the engine on the wheels as the "internal force" of the car's inertial motion system. Therefore, naturally no one will go into the relative motion and interaction of the "body and wheel". As a result, no breakthrough research progress has been made in the basic theory of vehicle dynamics involving the relative motion of "wheels and road surfaces" and mutual friction.
其实，车轮驱动、车轮制动，均属于汽车动力学范畴的技术问题，都是关于“车身、车轮、路面”相对运动与相互作用的三体动力学问题(存在周期性解)。从牛顿力学角度来说，汽车惯性运动***的“内力”与“外力”，只有通过相互作用，才能同时产生。从运动学角度来看，发动机驱动汽车加速运动时，车身相对路面平动、车轮在车轴上转动和在路面上滚动，具有“平动+转动+滚动”的三体复合运动特性。针对此特性，本发明设计了一种既有平动又有旋转的车轮联轴传动机构；即通过该传动机构，汽车发动机驱动车轮转动并向后摩擦路面时，车轮在车轴上产生既有正向转动又有相对逆向转动的周期性平旋运动，使车身主动施力作用车轮和路面，形成车轮力矩平衡作用和平衡增力驱动作用，因此可大幅提升汽车发动机驱动车轮的作用功效。然而，现有汽车发动机经其联轴传动机构驱动车轮向后摩擦路面时，车轮相对于车轴，只能产生纯粹旋转运动(简称“纯旋运动”)，因此车轮所形成的力矩平衡作用，只能通过车轴向前施力作用车身，使车身相对路面始终处 于前向被动受力状态，而形成不了平衡增力驱动作用。这也正是基于现有传统技术路线，一直不能有效解决汽车节能、环保难题的根本原因！In fact, wheel drive and wheel braking are all technical problems in the category of automobile dynamics, and they are all three-body dynamics (there is a periodic solution) about the relative motion and interaction of "body, wheel, and road surface". From the perspective of Newtonian mechanics, the "internal force" and "external force" of the car's inertial motion system can be produced simultaneously only through interaction. From a kinematics point of view, when the engine drives the car to accelerate, the body moves relative to the road surface, the wheels rotate on the axle and roll on the road surface, which has the three-body compound movement characteristics of "translation + rotation + rolling". In view of this feature, the present invention designs a wheel coupling transmission mechanism that has both translational and rotational motion; that is, through the transmission mechanism, when the automobile engine drives the wheels to rotate and rubs the road backward, the wheels produce existing positive motion on the axles. There is a periodical horizontal rotation motion that rotates in the opposite direction and rotates in the opposite direction, so that the body actively exerts force on the wheels and the road surface, forming a wheel torque balance and a balanced force boosting driving effect, so the effect of the automobile engine driving the wheels can be greatly improved. However, when the existing automobile engine drives the wheels to rub the road backward through the coupling transmission mechanism, the wheels can only produce pure rotational motion (referred to as "pure rotational motion") relative to the axle. Therefore, the torque balance formed by the wheels is only The vehicle body can be forced forward by the axle, so that the vehicle body is always in a forward passive force state relative to the road surface, and it cannot form a balanced force boosting driving effect. This is also the fundamental reason why the existing traditional technical route has not been able to effectively solve the problems of automobile energy saving and environmental protection!
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了实现“车轮平旋传动”发明目标、解决汽车动力技术节能环保问题，在PCT发明专利《车轮平衡增力驱动机构(PCT/CN/2019/085779)》的联轴传动结构基础上，本发明针对其星轮的安装位置及弹性长方体的安装方式提出如下改进设计方案，并对其原理上的叙述性错误进行更正：In order to achieve the goal of "wheel horizontal rotation transmission" and solve the energy-saving and environmental protection problems of automobile power technology, the present invention is based on the coupling transmission structure of the PCT invention patent "Wheel Balance Drive Mechanism (PCT/CN/2019/085779)" According to the installation position of the star wheel and the installation method of the elastic cuboid, the following improved design schemes are proposed, and the narrative errors in the principle are corrected:
本发明车轮平旋传动机构，包括一柱状的主轴、一筒状的从轴、一含有同轴轴段的从轴法兰盘、组合星轮、弹性长方体和轴承。从轴通过轴承安装在主轴上，并与主轴有同轴相对转动功能。主轴的一端，与汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴同轴相连；在主轴的另一端面圆周上，均布径向和轴向矩形开口向外的主轴凹槽，并由这些矩形凹槽在主轴上构成一中心齿轮。在从轴一端的圆环面上均布多个轴向向外开放的从轴圆凹槽，所述从轴圆凹槽的轴向横截面为圆形，其沿径向的圆凹槽底部设有正对轴心的径向矩形喇叭开口、圆凹槽顶部设有正对轴心的径向矩形柱面凹槽。由弹性长方体一端与两半圆柱体插接组成的组合星轮，分别设置在从轴圆凹槽内，并有相对自转功能；弹性长方体的另一端分别插接安装在主轴凹槽内，使弹性长方体在由主轴、从轴、组合星轮、轴承和从轴法兰盘共同构成的环状弹力腔内，具有同时产生弹性弯矩作用形变之功能。均布从轴圆凹槽的从轴一端与从轴法兰盘之间，通过轴向螺栓实现同轴紧固连接，从轴法兰盘的同轴轴段与现车用车轮轴承单元的转轴同轴相连。The wheel horizontal rotation transmission mechanism of the present invention includes a columnar main shaft, a cylindrical slave shaft, a slave shaft flange containing a coaxial shaft section, a combined star wheel, an elastic cuboid and a bearing. The slave shaft is mounted on the main shaft through a bearing, and has the function of coaxial relative rotation with the main shaft. One end of the main shaft is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the gearbox of the automobile engine or electric motor; on the circumference of the other end of the main shaft, the main shaft grooves with radial and axial rectangular openings outward are uniformly distributed, and these rectangular grooves A central gear is formed on the main shaft. A plurality of circular grooves of the slave shaft that are open axially outward are uniformly distributed on the annular surface at one end of the slave shaft. The axial cross section of the circular groove of the slave shaft is circular, and the bottom of the circular groove is along the radial direction. A radial rectangular horn opening facing the axis is provided, and the top of the circular groove is provided with a radial rectangular cylindrical groove facing the axis. The combined star wheel composed of one end of the elastic cuboid and two half-cylinders is inserted into the circular groove of the slave shaft and has a relative rotation function; the other end of the elastic cuboid is inserted and installed in the groove of the main shaft respectively to make the elastic The cuboid has the function of simultaneously generating elastic bending moment deformation in the annular elastic cavity formed by the main shaft, the slave shaft, the combined star wheel, the bearing and the slave shaft flange. Uniformly distributed from the round groove of the secondary shaft between the end of the secondary shaft and the secondary shaft flange, through the axial bolts to achieve coaxial fastening connection, the coaxial section of the secondary shaft flange and the rotating shaft of the existing vehicle wheel bearing unit Coaxially connected.
传动机构不工作时，汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴无扭矩作用主轴，由主轴、从轴、组合星轮、弹性长方体、轴承和从轴法兰盘组成的联轴传动机构，与车轮一起处于同步静止或自由转动状态，对于现车用车轮轴承单元的转轴及车轮，不产生弹性弯矩作用。When the transmission mechanism is not working, the output shaft of the gearbox of the automobile engine or motor has no torque acting on the main shaft. The coupling transmission mechanism is composed of the main shaft, the slave shaft, the combined star wheel, the elastic cuboid, the bearing and the slave shaft flange, and the wheel In the state of synchronous static or free rotation, no elastic bending moment is generated for the shaft and wheels of the existing vehicle wheel bearing unit.
传动机构开始工作时，汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴开始作用主轴，通过主轴凹槽、组合星轮及从轴圆凹槽同步啮合弹性长方体两端，在环状弹力腔内迅速产生弹性弯矩作用及作用形变，同时弹性长方体两端在主轴凹槽、组合星轮内产生同步小位移滑动，弹性长方体同步完成弹性势能存储，再由从轴和从轴法兰盘的同轴轴段作用现车用车轮轴承单元的转轴，使车轮开始正向转动并向后摩擦路面，因此主轴、从轴和从轴法兰盘及车轮在车轴上开始进入快速周期性的平旋运动状态，同时车轮在车轴上形成力矩平衡作用和平衡增力驱动作用。在所述平旋运动的每个作用周期内，首先从轴和组合星轮与主轴产生相对逆向公转，同时组合星轮在从轴圆凹槽内同步产生相对逆向自转；当所述的相对逆向公转、相对逆向自转停止时，从轴和组合星轮与主轴立刻产生相对正向公转，同时组合星轮在从轴圆凹槽内同步产生相对正向自转；一旦所述的相对正向公转、相对正向自转停止，则主轴、从轴和从轴法兰盘及车轮在车轴上又将立刻进入新的平旋运动周期、循环往复， 直至传动机构工作结束为止。在所述快速周期性的平旋运动中，由于车身相对于路面的最佳前向驱动力，大于车轮向后作用路面的静摩擦力的二倍，所以，同比现有技术，汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴驱动车轮的功效增加二倍，汽车在路面上向前加速运动。When the transmission mechanism starts to work, the output shaft of the gearbox of the automobile engine or motor starts to act on the main shaft, and the two ends of the elastic cuboid are synchronously meshed through the main shaft groove, the combined star wheel and the circular groove of the slave shaft, and the elastic bending is rapidly generated in the annular elastic cavity. Moment action and deformation. At the same time, the two ends of the elastic cuboid produce synchronous small displacement sliding in the main shaft groove and the combined star wheel. The elastic cuboid synchronously completes the elastic potential energy storage, and then acts on the coaxial shaft section of the slave shaft and the slave shaft flange. The rotating shaft of the wheel bearing unit for the current vehicle makes the wheel start to rotate forward and rub the road backward. Therefore, the main shaft, the slave shaft and the slave shaft flanges and the wheels start to enter a rapid and periodic flat rotation state on the axle. On the axle, it forms a moment balance function and a balance booster driving function. In each action period of the translational motion, first the slave shaft and the combined star wheel and the main shaft produce a relative reverse revolution, and the combined star wheel synchronously generates a relative reverse rotation in the circular groove of the slave shaft; when the relative reverse rotation When the revolution and relative reverse rotation stop, the slave shaft and the combined star wheel and the main shaft immediately produce a relatively positive revolution, and the combined star wheel synchronously generates a relatively positive rotation in the circular groove of the slave shaft; once the said relative positive revolution, When the relative positive rotation stops, the main shaft, the slave shaft, the slave shaft flange and the wheel on the axle will immediately enter a new horizontal rotation movement cycle, cyclically reciprocating, until the end of the transmission mechanism. In the fast and periodic horizontal rotation motion, since the optimal forward driving force of the vehicle body relative to the road surface is greater than twice the static friction force of the wheel acting on the road surface, compared with the prior art, the vehicle engine or electric motor The efficiency of the gearbox output shaft driving the wheels is doubled, and the car accelerates forward on the road.
传动机构工作结束时，一旦汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴作用扭矩消失，主轴将立刻停止对从轴的弹性弯矩作用，同时弹性长方体同步释放弹性势能，主轴、从轴和从轴法兰盘及车轮在车轴上立刻结束快速周期性的平旋运动和平衡增力驱动作用。When the transmission mechanism is finished, once the torque of the gearbox output shaft of the automobile engine or electric motor disappears, the main shaft will immediately stop the elastic bending moment of the slave shaft, and the elastic cuboid will simultaneously release the elastic potential energy. The main shaft, the slave shaft and the slave shaft flange The disc and the wheel on the axle immediately end the rapid and periodic translational movement and the balanced force-increasing driving action.
上述传动机构中，在主轴与从轴的同轴相对转动连接处，同轴组合使用两只滚动轴承，或者使用滑动轴承，以实现主轴、从轴之间的同轴定位及减摩作用；中心齿轮半径与组合星轮半径相等，以确保弹性长方体形成最佳的弹性弯矩作用和平衡增力作用效果；弹性长方体采用弹簧钢加工，以满足弹性弯矩作用强度要求；在环状弹力腔内填满润滑油脂，以实现组合星轮、从轴圆凹槽、弹性长方体、中心齿轮的减摩润滑和轴承润滑。In the above transmission mechanism, at the coaxial relative rotation connection of the main shaft and the slave shaft, two rolling bearings are used in a coaxial combination, or a sliding bearing is used to realize the coaxial positioning and anti-friction effect between the main shaft and the slave shaft; The radius is equal to the radius of the combined star wheel to ensure that the elastic rectangular parallelepiped forms the best elastic bending moment effect and balanced force-increasing effect; the elastic rectangular parallelepiped is made of spring steel to meet the requirements of the elastic bending moment strength; fill in the annular elastic cavity Full of lubricating grease to realize the anti-friction lubrication and bearing lubrication of the combined star wheel, the circular groove of the slave shaft, the elastic cuboid, the central gear
上述传动机构，安装在汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱上作为输出轴使用，或者安装在车轮驱动半轴上作为联轴器使用；主轴与汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴同轴连接使用、从轴与现车用车轮轴承单元的转轴同轴连接使用，或者从轴与汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴同轴连接作为主动轴使用、主轴与现车用车轮轴承单元的转轴同轴连接作为从动轴使用。The above-mentioned transmission mechanism is installed on the gearbox of the automobile engine or electric motor as the output shaft, or installed on the wheel drive half shaft for use as a coupling; the main shaft is coaxially connected with the gearbox output shaft of the automobile engine or electric motor, and used from The shaft is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of the existing car wheel bearing unit, or the slave shaft is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the car engine or motor gearbox as a driving shaft, and the main shaft is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of the existing car wheel bearing unit. The driven shaft is used.
本发明的技术效果是：The technical effects of the present invention are:
通过车轮平旋传动机构，汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴驱动车轮以快速周期性的平旋运动方式摩擦作用路面时，同比现有汽车动力技术，驱动功效提高2倍、节能约40％，大幅提升汽车的动力性能、使用经济性、操控性能和驾驶体验等。此外，通过大幅提高汽车的通过性能，还可为汽车提供必要的主动安全技术保护功能。Through the wheel horizontal rotation transmission mechanism, when the gearbox output shaft of the automobile engine or electric motor drives the wheels to friction on the road surface in a fast and periodic horizontal rotation motion, compared with the existing automobile power technology, the driving efficiency is doubled and the energy saving is about 40%. Significantly improve the vehicle's dynamic performance, use economy, handling performance and driving experience. In addition, by greatly improving the passing performance of the car, it can also provide the necessary active safety technology protection function for the car.
除了汽车应用外，本发明的车轮联轴传动机构亦适用于列车等其它轮式机动交通运输工具或其它机械传动领域。In addition to automobile applications, the wheel coupling transmission mechanism of the present invention is also suitable for trains and other wheeled motor vehicles or other mechanical transmission fields.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为传动机构实施例总体装配结构(无从轴法兰盘)的轴向平面示意图，Figure 1 is an axial plan view of the overall assembly structure (without slave shaft flange) of the embodiment of the transmission mechanism,
图2为传动机构构实施例总体装配结构(有从轴法兰盘)的侧向轴剖视示意图，Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lateral shaft cross-sectional view of the overall assembly structure of the embodiment of the transmission mechanism (with a slave shaft flange),
图3a、3b分别为主轴(含组合星轮)的轴向平面及侧向轴剖视示意图，Figures 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of the axial plane and lateral axis cross-sectional views of the main shaft (including the combined star wheel), respectively.
图4a、4b分别为从轴(含弹性长方体)的轴向平面及侧向轴剖视示意图，Figures 4a and 4b are schematic cross-sectional views of the axial plane and the lateral axis of the shaft (including the elastic cuboid), respectively,
图5a、5b分别为从轴法兰盘的轴向平面及侧向轴剖视示意图，Figures 5a and 5b are respectively a schematic cross-sectional view of the axial plane and lateral axis of the slave shaft flange,
图6a、6b分别为传动机构实施例不工作和工作时的原理示意图，Figures 6a and 6b are schematic diagrams of the principle of the transmission mechanism embodiment when it is not working and when it is working, respectively.
图7为传动机构工作时车轮与路面的摩擦受力分析示意图，Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the friction force analysis between the wheel and the road surface when the transmission mechanism is working.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
在此，以车轮平旋传动机构采用六个组合星轮、六个弹性长方体的设计方案作为本发明的具体实施例，将其结构组成和工作原理进行简要说明：Here, the design scheme of the wheel horizontal rotation transmission mechanism adopting six combined star wheels and six elastic cuboids is taken as a specific embodiment of the present invention, and its structural composition and working principle are briefly described:
一、结构组成1. Structure
图1、2分别为车轮平旋传动机构实施例的总体装配结构的轴向平面、侧向轴剖视示意图：Figures 1 and 2 are schematic views of the axial plane and lateral axis cross-sectional views of the overall assembly structure of the embodiment of the wheel pan-rotation transmission mechanism:
1为柱状主轴，与汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴同轴相连；2为筒状从轴，通过从轴法兰盘6与现车用车轮轴承单元的转轴同轴相连；主轴、从轴与其它转轴间采用何种同轴连接方式，如法兰盘、花键、万向节等，可根据汽车底盘的布局空间决定。3为组合星轮，4为弹性长方体，均设六个；组合星轮是由两半圆柱体与弹性长方体一端组成完整的短圆柱体，组合星轮和弹性长方体的数量可根据需要改变，以满足各种发动机或电动机最大输出作用扭矩的使用设计要求。5为滚动轴承，同轴组合使用两只自带双侧金属密封圈的薄壁深沟滚动球轴承，以实现主轴、从轴之间的同轴定位与相对转动功能。7为主轴凹槽，用于插装弹性长方体一端，由六个主轴凹槽构成中心齿轮，且中心齿轮半径与组合星轮半径相等，以确保主轴作用从轴时可以产生最佳的弹性弯矩作用。8为从轴圆凹槽，用于组合星轮在从轴上的可自转安装。9为从轴圆凹槽顶部的径向矩形柱面凹槽，用于弹性长方体一端的径向外延安装；10为从轴圆凹槽径向底部的径向矩形喇叭开口，为安装弹性长方体一端而开设。11为轴向螺纹孔，用于从轴与从轴法兰盘之间的同轴螺栓紧固连接。15、16分别为滚动轴承内外圈的固定式、可拆卸式挡圈。17为轴向紧固螺栓。在由主轴、从轴、组合星轮、滚动轴承和从轴法兰盘共同构成的环状弹力腔内，应填满润滑油脂，降低中心齿轮、组合星轮、弹性长方体的滑动摩擦和磨损，并对两只组合滚动轴承施加润滑，以延长传动机构的使用寿命。1 is a cylindrical main shaft, which is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the gearbox of an automobile engine or electric motor; 2 is a cylindrical slave shaft, which is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of the wheel bearing unit of the existing vehicle through the slave shaft flange 6; the main shaft and the slave shaft The type of coaxial connection with other rotating shafts, such as flanges, splines, universal joints, etc., can be determined according to the layout of the car chassis. 3 is a combined star wheel, 4 is an elastic cuboid, there are six; the combined star wheel is a complete short cylinder composed of two half cylinders and one end of the elastic cuboid. The number of the combined star wheel and the elastic cuboid can be changed as required. It meets the design requirements for the maximum output torque of various engines or motors. 5 is a rolling bearing, the coaxial combination uses two thin-walled deep groove rolling ball bearings with metal seal rings on both sides to realize the coaxial positioning and relative rotation between the main shaft and the slave shaft. 7 is the main shaft groove, used to insert one end of the elastic cuboid, the central gear is formed by six main shaft grooves, and the radius of the central gear is equal to the radius of the combined star wheel to ensure that the main shaft can produce the best elastic bending moment when acting on the slave shaft. effect. 8 is the circular groove of the slave shaft, which is used for the self-rotating installation of the combined star wheel on the slave shaft. 9 is the radial rectangular cylindrical groove from the top of the shaft circular groove, used for the radial extension of one end of the elastic cuboid; 10 is the radial rectangular horn opening from the radial bottom of the shaft circular groove, is the end of the elastic cuboid And opened. 11 is the axial threaded hole, used for the coaxial bolt connection between the slave shaft and the slave shaft flange. 15 and 16 are the fixed and detachable retaining rings for the inner and outer rings of the rolling bearing. 17 is the axial fastening bolt. The annular elastic cavity formed by the main shaft, the slave shaft, the combined star wheel, the rolling bearing and the slave shaft flange should be filled with lubricating grease to reduce the sliding friction and wear of the sun gear, the combined star wheel and the elastic cuboid, and Lubricate the two combined rolling bearings to extend the service life of the transmission mechanism.
注：从轴法兰盘，在图1中并没有表示，在图2中用虚线表示。Note: The flange of the slave shaft is not shown in Figure 1, but is represented by a dashed line in Figure 2.
图3a、3b分别为主轴(含弹性长方体)的轴向平面及侧向轴剖视示意图：Figures 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of the axial plane and lateral axis cross-sectional views of the main shaft (including the elastic cuboid) respectively:
1为柱状主轴。4为弹性长方体，作为弹性势能存储与转换部件。7为主轴凹槽，其径向、轴向矩形开口向外。13为两滚动轴承内圈的安装轴段。15为滚动轴承内圈的固定式挡圈。16为滚动轴承内圈的可拆卸式挡圈槽。1 is the columnar spindle. 4 is an elastic rectangular parallelepiped, used as an elastic potential energy storage and conversion component. 7 is the main shaft groove, the radial and axial rectangular openings are outward. 13 is the installation shaft section of the inner ring of the two rolling bearing. 15 is the fixed retaining ring of the inner ring of the rolling bearing. 16 is the removable retaining ring groove of the inner ring of the rolling bearing.
图4a、4b分别为从轴(含组合星轮)的轴向平面及侧向轴剖视示意图：Figures 4a and 4b are schematic diagrams of the axial plane and lateral axis section of the slave shaft (including the combined star wheel):
2为筒状从轴。3为组合星轮，由两半圆柱体组成。8为从轴圆凹槽，其轴向横截面为圆形、轴向向外开放。9为从轴圆凹槽顶部的径向矩形柱面凹槽，10为从轴圆凹槽底部的径向矩形喇叭开口，均为从轴圆凹槽的部分结构。11为轴向螺纹孔。14为两滚动轴承外圈的安装轴段。15为滚动轴承外圈的固定式挡圈。16为滚动轴承外圈的可拆卸式挡圈槽。2 is a cylindrical slave shaft. 3 is a combined star wheel, composed of two half cylinders. 8 is a circular groove from the shaft, the axial cross section of which is circular and axially open to the outside. 9 is a radial rectangular cylindrical groove from the top of the circular groove of the shaft, and 10 is a radial rectangular horn opening from the bottom of the circular groove of the shaft, both of which are part of the structure of the circular groove from the shaft. 11 is the axial threaded hole. 14 is the installation shaft section of the outer ring of the two rolling bearing. 15 is the fixed retaining ring of the outer ring of the rolling bearing. 16 is the removable retaining ring groove of the outer ring of the rolling bearing.
图5a、5b分别为从轴法兰盘的轴向平面及侧向轴剖视示意图：Figures 5a and 5b are schematic diagrams of the axial plane and lateral shaft cross-sectional views of the slave shaft flange respectively:
6为从轴法兰盘，上设有一体化的同轴轴段。12为从轴法兰盘上的轴向圆通孔，用于与筒状从轴一端面的螺栓紧固连接。6 is the slave shaft flange with an integrated coaxial shaft section. 12 is the axial circular through hole on the flange of the slave shaft, which is used to fasten the bolts on one end of the cylindrical slave shaft.
其中，主轴、从轴、组合星轮和从轴法兰盘，均可选用合适标号的钢材， 通过车削等工艺方法加工；弹性长方体可选用合适的弹簧钢加工，如50CrVA等；滚动轴承及其可拆卸式挡圈，可使用标准机械零部件。Among them, the main shaft, the slave shaft, the combined star wheel, and the slave shaft flange can be made of steel with suitable labels and processed by turning and other technological methods; the elastic cuboid can be processed by suitable spring steel, such as 50CrVA, etc.; rolling bearings and their available The removable retaining ring can use standard mechanical parts.
总之，本发明实施例作为一种车用联轴器，既可安装在汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱上作为输出轴使用，又可安装在车轮驱动半轴上使用。另外，在主轴、从轴分别与发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴、现车用车轮轴承单元转轴之间的对应连接关系上，支持主轴与从轴的互换使用。In short, as a vehicle coupling, the embodiment of the present invention can be installed on the gearbox of an automobile engine or electric motor as an output shaft, and can also be installed on a wheel drive half shaft. In addition, in the corresponding connection relationship between the main shaft and the slave shaft, the transmission output shaft of the engine or electric motor, and the rotating shaft of the wheel bearing unit for the existing vehicle, the exchange of the main shaft and the slave shaft is supported.
二、工作原理2. Working principle
图6a、6b为传动机构实施例不工作和工作时的原理示意图：Figures 6a and 6b are schematic diagrams of the principle when the embodiment of the transmission mechanism is not working and working:
O点为主轴和从轴轴线的轴向投影。O′点为组合星轮自转轴线的轴向投影。D所在封闭线区域表示中心齿轮的轴向投影。W所在封闭线区域表示从轴的轴向投影。注：滚动轴承无投影表示。Point O is the axial projection of the main axis and the slave axis. Point O'is the axial projection of the rotation axis of the combined star wheel. The closed line area where D represents the axial projection of the central gear. The closed line area where W represents the axial projection of the slave axis. Note: There is no projection for rolling bearings.
R为从轴圆凹槽圆心所在圆周的半径。r为组合星轮和中心齿轮的半径；r′为从轴圆凹槽的内径，且r<r′。L为弹性长方体的弹性弯矩作用形变长度。R is the radius of the circle where the center of the circular groove of the slave shaft is located. r is the radius of the combined star wheel and the central gear; r'is the inner diameter of the circular groove of the slave shaft, and r<r'. L is the deformation length of the elastic cuboid under the action of the elastic bending moment.
ω0为从轴和车轮的角速度。ω1为主轴的角速度。Ω为组合星轮在从轴圆凹槽内产生同步相对自转的角速度。ω0 is the angular velocity of the slave shaft and the wheel. ω1 is the angular velocity of the main shaft. Ω is the angular velocity at which the combined star wheel generates synchronous relative rotation in the circular groove of the slave shaft.
Tp(t)为传动机构开始工作时每个弹性长方体产生的弹性作用弯矩的线性时间函数；六个弹性长方体同步工作时产生的最大弯矩作用数值均为Tp(t0)，设此时刻为t0。M为发动机或电动机的变速箱输出扭矩作用大小；T1、T2分别为传动机构工作时车轮反向力矩、同向转矩的作用大小。Tp(t) is the linear time function of the elastic acting bending moment generated by each elastic cuboid when the transmission mechanism starts to work; the maximum bending moment acting value generated by the six elastic cuboids when working simultaneously is Tp(t0), set this moment as t0. M is the magnitude of the output torque of the gearbox of the engine or electric motor; T1 and T2 are the magnitude of the reverse torque and the same direction torque of the wheels when the transmission mechanism is working.
其中，R、r、L和弹性长方体的长/宽/高及弹性材料力学性能参数等，都是本发明的核心设计参数。通过这些参数的优化设计，只要确保传动机构工作时，主轴相对于从轴的公转角、组合星轮在从轴圆凹槽内的同步相对自转角均等于或近似等于θ，即绝对值∣ω1-ω0∣＝Ω(建立运动学方程)，就能确保本发明传动机构在最大作用扭矩工作范围内，产生最佳实时线性可控的车轮平旋运动和平衡增力驱动作用效果。Among them, R, r, L, the length/width/height of the elastic rectangular parallelepiped, and the mechanical performance parameters of the elastic material, etc., are the core design parameters of the present invention. Through the optimization design of these parameters, as long as the transmission mechanism is working, the revolution angle of the main shaft relative to the slave shaft and the synchronous relative rotation angle of the combined star wheel in the circular groove of the slave shaft are equal to or approximately equal to θ, that is, the absolute value ∣ω1 -ω0∣=Ω (establishing the kinematics equation) can ensure that the transmission mechanism of the present invention can produce the best real-time linear controllable wheel translational motion and balanced force-increasing driving effect within the working range of the maximum torque.
图7为传动机构工作时车轮与路面的摩擦受力分析示意图：Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the friction force analysis between the wheel and the road surface when the transmission mechanism is working:
f、fmax分别为车轮与路面的静摩擦力及最大值。Fd为车轮在车轴上的前向驱动力作用大小；F为车轮在路面上形成的前后平衡力作用大小。R1为车轮的半径。ω0为车轮的角速度；V为车身的前向平动线速度。θ角与图6b中的θ角相对应。f and fmax are the static friction between the wheel and the road surface and the maximum value respectively. Fd is the forward driving force of the wheel on the axle; F is the front and rear balance of the wheel on the road. R1 is the radius of the wheel. ω0 is the angular velocity of the wheels; V is the forward translational linear velocity of the vehicle body. The angle θ corresponds to the angle θ in Figure 6b.
机构不工作时，汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴无扭矩作用主轴，即M＝0，由主轴、从轴、组合星轮、从轴法兰盘、弹性长方体和轴承组成的联轴传动机构，对于车轮轴承单元转轴不会产生弹性弯矩作用；即汽车在路面上处于静止(ω0＝ω1＝0、V＝0)或匀速行驶状态(ω0＝ω1≠0、V≠0)时，M＝T1＝T2＝6Tp(t)＝0，参考图6a、7理解。When the mechanism is not working, the output shaft of the gearbox of the automobile engine or electric motor has no torque acting on the main shaft, that is, M=0. The coupling transmission mechanism is composed of the main shaft, the slave shaft, the combined star wheel, the slave shaft flange, the elastic cuboid and the bearing. , There will be no elastic bending moment effect on the shaft of the wheel bearing unit; that is, when the car is stationary on the road (ω0=ω1=0, V=0) or at a constant speed (ω0=ω1≠0, V≠0), M =T1=T2=6Tp(t)=0, please refer to Figures 6a and 7 for understanding.
为便于分析说明和理解，下面仅阐述汽车静止(ω0＝ω1＝0)时的起动加速原理。但对于汽车行驶途中加速原理，不再赘述。For the convenience of analysis, description and understanding, only the starting acceleration principle when the car is stationary (ω0=ω1=0) is described below. However, the principle of acceleration during the driving of the car will not be repeated.
机构开始工作时，汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴开始以角速度ω1 在顺时针方向上输出作用扭矩M，且M从0迅速增至6Tp(t0)，M的最大作用数值及其增加速率，将由汽车每次起动时的加速度大小决定，如图6b、7所示。在主轴中心齿轮D作用下，通过主轴凹槽在顺时针方向上同步啮合六个弹性长方体一端迅速产生弹性弯矩作用，同时通过六个弹性长方体另一端同步啮合组合星轮和从轴圆凹槽，再由从轴和从轴法兰盘输出弹性弯矩6Tp(t)作用车轮轴承单元的转轴，使车轮开始迅速以ω0大小的角速度、T2＝M＝6Tp(t0)大小的弹性作用弯矩向后摩擦路面；与此同时，当路面对车轮迅速产生0至f大小的前向静摩擦力作用，并产生反向作用力矩T1＝fR1时，由于六个弹性长方体一端与六个组合星轮和从轴圆凹槽的弹性结构支撑力矩小于T1＝fR1，所以，主轴在相对于O点产生顺时针转角θ的同时，组合星轮在从轴圆凹槽内又可同步产生相对逆时针自转角θ，同时六个弹性长方体在环状弹力腔内同步产生弹性弯矩作用形变，并在组合星轮、主轴凹槽内产生同步小位移滑动，加之，车轮与路面之间的作用夹角θ，因此，主轴、从轴、从轴法兰盘及车轮在车轴上进入快速周期性的平旋运动状态，车轮在车轴上形成力矩平衡作用和平衡增力驱动作用，如图6b、7所示。When the mechanism starts to work, the gearbox output shaft of the automobile engine or electric motor starts to output the acting torque M in the clockwise direction at the angular velocity ω1, and M rapidly increases from 0 to 6Tp(t0), the maximum acting value of M and its increasing rate, It will be determined by the acceleration of the car every time it starts, as shown in Figures 6b and 7. Under the action of the central gear D of the main shaft, one end of the six elastic rectangular parallelepipeds is synchronously meshed in the clockwise direction through the groove of the main shaft to quickly generate an elastic bending moment, and the other end of the six elastic rectangular parallelepiped is synchronously meshed to combine the star wheel and the circular groove of the slave shaft. , And then the output elastic bending moment 6Tp(t) from the slave shaft and the slave shaft flange acts on the rotating shaft of the wheel bearing unit, so that the wheels begin to rapidly act at an angular velocity of ω0, and T2=M=6Tp(t0). Rub the road backward; at the same time, when the road quickly produces a forward static friction force of 0 to f on the wheels, and produces a reverse torque T1 = fR1, because one end of the six elastic rectangular parallelepiped and six combined star wheels And the support moment of the elastic structure of the circular groove of the slave shaft is less than T1=fR1. Therefore, while the main shaft produces a clockwise rotation angle θ relative to point O, the combined star wheel can simultaneously generate a relatively counterclockwise rotation in the circular groove of the slave shaft. At the same time, the six elastic cuboids simultaneously produce elastic bending moment deformation in the annular elastic cavity, and produce synchronous small displacement sliding in the combined star wheel and main shaft groove. In addition, the angle between the wheel and the road is θ Therefore, the main shaft, the slave shaft, the slave shaft flange and the wheels enter a fast and periodic flat rotation state on the axle, and the wheels form a torque balance and a balanced force driving effect on the axle, as shown in Figures 6b and 7 .
在上述每个平旋运动周期内，首先从轴和组合星轮与主轴在逆时针方向上产生相对公转角速度ω1-ω0，同时组合星轮在从轴圆凹槽内同步产生相对逆时针的自转角速度Ω，且Ω＝ω1-ω0；当Ω＝ω1-ω0＝0时，六个弹性长方体同步完成弹性势能存储，并产生6Tp(t0)大小的弹性作用弯矩，从轴和组合星轮与主轴立刻产生相对正时针的公转角速度ω0-ω1，同时组合星轮在从轴圆凹槽内同步产生相对正时针的自转角速度Ω，且Ω＝ω0-ω1；一旦Ω＝ω0-ω1＝0时，则主轴、从轴和从轴法兰盘及车轮在车轴上又将会立刻进入新的平旋运动周期、循环往复，直至传动机构工作结束为止，如图6b、7所示。In each of the above-mentioned translational motion cycles, first the slave shaft and the combined star wheel and the main shaft produce a relative revolution angular velocity ω1-ω0 in the counterclockwise direction, and the combined star wheel synchronously generates a relatively counterclockwise rotation in the circular groove of the slave shaft. Angular velocity Ω, and Ω=ω1-ω0; when Ω=ω1-ω0=0, the six elastic cuboids simultaneously complete the elastic potential energy storage, and generate 6Tp(t0) elastic acting bending moment, from the shaft and the combined star wheel and The main shaft immediately generates a relatively clockwise revolution angular velocity ω0-ω1, and the combined star wheel synchronously generates a relatively clockwise rotation angular velocity Ω in the circular groove of the slave shaft, and Ω=ω0-ω1; once Ω=ω0-ω1=0 , The main shaft, the slave shaft, the flanges of the slave shaft and the wheels on the axle will immediately enter a new horizontal rotation motion cycle, cyclically reciprocating, until the end of the transmission mechanism, as shown in Figure 6b, 7.
一旦形成上述车轮力矩平衡作用和平衡增力驱动作用，弹性作用弯矩6Tp(t0)通过车轴向前作用车身，车身立刻开始主动施力向后作用车轮并向后摩擦路面，使路面对车轮形成一对大小为F＝f、前后方向相反的平衡力作用，同时路面对车轮的前向作用合力为(f+F)-F＝f≤fmax，仍是路面的前向静摩擦作用力f，而作用在车轮转轴和车身上的前向作用力是Fd＝(f+F)+F≤3fmax，因此车轮相对于路面形成平衡增力驱动作用。经过传动机构快速周期性的平旋运动作用，因为从轴角速度ω0将会随主轴角速度ω1的迅速增加而增加，所以，车身相对路面向前加速平动，车轮在路面上向前加速滚动。此时，车轮的等效力矩作用平衡方程为T1+FR1＝T2+FR1(建立动力学方程)，式中T1＝fR1、T2＝M＝6Tp(t0)、FR1＝6Tp(t0)。Once the above-mentioned wheel torque balance and balanced force driving effects are formed, the elastic bending moment 6Tp(t0) acts on the car body forward through the axle, and the car body immediately starts to actively apply force to the wheels and rubs the road backward to make the road face The wheels form a pair of counterbalance forces of F=f and front and rear directions. At the same time, the forward force of the road on the wheels is (f+F)-F=f≤fmax, which is still the forward static friction force of the road. f, and the forward force acting on the wheel shaft and the vehicle body is Fd=(f+F)+F≤3fmax, so the wheel forms a balanced boosting drive with respect to the road surface. After the rapid and periodic translational motion of the transmission mechanism, since the angular velocity of the secondary shaft ω0 will increase with the rapid increase of the angular velocity of the main shaft ω1, the vehicle body accelerates and moves forward relative to the road surface, and the wheels roll forward on the road surface. At this time, the equilibrium equation of equal moment action of the wheel is T1+FR1=T2+FR1 (establish the dynamic equation), where T1=fR1, T2=M=6Tp(t0), FR1=6Tp(t0).
根据牛顿第三定律，由于车身相对路面主动向后施力作用等于车身前向受力，所以，汽车发动机或电动机输出扭矩M＝Tp(t0)＝fR1并经传动机构作用车轮时，通过车身在车轮转轴上主动施力作用，除了车轮可向后摩擦路面外，还可使路面对车轮形成前后平衡增力作用，因此车轴上会形成大小为Fd＝f+2F＝3f≤3fmax的前向驱动作用力。According to Newton's third law, since the active backward force of the vehicle body relative to the road surface is equal to the forward force of the vehicle body, the output torque of the car engine or electric motor M=Tp(t0)=fR1 and acts on the wheels through the transmission mechanism. The active force exerted on the wheel shaft, in addition to the wheel can rub the road backward, can also make the road surface to form a front and rear balance boosting effect on the wheel, so a forward direction of Fd=f+2F=3f≤3fmax will be formed on the axle Driving force.
在上述快速周期性的车轮平旋运动和平衡增力作用中，因为弹性作用弯矩Tp(t)为线性时间函数，并支持发动机或电动机变速箱输出扭矩的实时线性作用变化，所以，本发明不仅不会影响汽车加速运动的平顺性，而且，还会提升汽车动力***的自适应匹配性能。In the fast and periodic wheel flat rotation and balance boosting action, because the elastic bending moment Tp(t) is a linear time function and supports the real-time linear action change of the output torque of the engine or electric motor gearbox, the present invention Not only will it not affect the smoothness of the car's acceleration, but it will also improve the adaptive matching performance of the car's power system.
机构工作结束时，一旦汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴作用扭矩消失，主轴将会立刻停止对从轴的弹性弯矩作用，同时弹性长方体同步释放弹性势能，主轴、从轴、从轴法兰盘、组合星轮及车轮在车轴上立刻结束快速周期性的平旋运动和平衡增力驱动作用。When the mechanism is finished, once the torque of the gearbox output shaft of the automobile engine or electric motor disappears, the main shaft will immediately stop the elastic bending moment of the slave shaft, and the elastic cuboid will simultaneously release the elastic potential energy. The main shaft, the slave shaft, and the slave shaft flange The disc, the combined star wheel and the wheel on the axle immediately end the rapid and periodic translational movement and the balanced force-increasing driving action.
机构全力工作时，一旦发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴作用扭矩大于路面最大静摩擦力作用车轮所产生的反向力矩作用，即M>fmaxR1，因为汽车驱动车轮在路面上打滑时，车身会出现跑偏或甩尾等危险工况，所以，本发明也需要现有ASR/TCS车轮防滑驱动电子主动安全控制功能的支持，以确保驱动车轮在路面上始终处于低滑移率的滚动静摩擦状态、产生最佳和安全的汽车驱动功效Fd＝3f≤3fmax，直至传动机构全力工作结束为止。When the mechanism is working at full capacity, once the torque of the gearbox output shaft of the engine or the motor is greater than the reverse torque generated by the maximum static friction force on the road surface, that is, M>fmaxR1, because when the car drives the wheels to slip on the road, the body will run. The present invention also needs the support of the existing ASR/TCS wheel anti-skid drive electronic active safety control function to ensure that the driving wheels are always in a low slip rate rolling static friction state on the road surface. The best and safe vehicle driving efficiency Fd=3f≤3fmax, until the transmission mechanism is fully working.
从能量守恒原理角度来说，汽车驱动技术的本质性原理，就是把发动机或电动机输出的机械能(即“汽车***内能”)，通过驱动车轮转动向后摩擦路面的做功方式，转化成汽车的前向运动动能。在本发明技术中，发动机或电动机输出M＝6Tp(t0)＝fR1大小的作用扭矩，通过传动机构以快速周期性的平旋运动方式驱动车轮以及弹性势能的快速存储与释放方式并以f大小的作用力向后摩擦路面做功时，可使车身主动施力作用车轮和路面，车轮在路面上产生平衡力作用、车身相对于路面产生2f大小的平衡增力驱动作用，而车轮这种快速周期性的能量转化方式，可使发动机或电动机输出的机械能更多地转化成汽车的前向运动动能；即“汽车***内能”转化效率很高，可得到高效利用。而在现有技术中，发动机或电动机输出的机械能转化成车身的平动动能，只有驱动车轮转动并以f大小的作用力向后摩擦路面做功这一种能量转化方式，因此“汽车***内能”转化效率很低，能量浪费十分严重。通过上述简单定量、定性的同比分析可知，通过本发明传动机构驱动车轮时，由于发动机或电动机变速箱的输出轴功被转化成汽车运动动能的功率提高2倍，所以，汽车起动加速性能提高2倍、加速时间缩短2/3。From the perspective of the principle of conservation of energy, the essential principle of automobile drive technology is to convert the mechanical energy output by the engine or electric motor (ie, the “internal energy of the automobile system”) into the work of the automobile by driving the wheels to rotate and rub against the road. Kinetic energy of forward movement. In the technology of the present invention, the engine or electric motor outputs an acting torque of M=6Tp(t0)=fR1, the wheels are driven in a fast and periodic translational motion through the transmission mechanism, and the elastic potential energy is quickly stored and released with the magnitude of f When the force of the vehicle rubs the road backward to do work, the vehicle body can actively apply force to the wheels and the road surface. The wheel produces a balancing force effect on the road surface. The vehicle body produces a 2f balanced force driving effect relative to the road surface. This fast cycle of the wheel The natural energy conversion method can make the mechanical energy output by the engine or electric motor more converted into the forward motion kinetic energy of the car; that is, the conversion efficiency of the "car system internal energy" is very high and can be used efficiently. In the prior art, the mechanical energy output by the engine or electric motor is converted into the translational kinetic energy of the car body. There is only one energy conversion method that drives the wheels to rotate and rubs the road backward with a force of f. "The conversion efficiency is very low and energy waste is very serious. Through the above-mentioned simple quantitative and qualitative year-on-year analysis, it can be seen that when the wheels are driven by the transmission mechanism of the present invention, the power of the output shaft power of the engine or motor gearbox converted into the kinetic energy of the car is increased by 2 times, so the start and acceleration performance of the car is increased by 2 The acceleration time is shortened by 2/3.
综合考虑车轮快速周期性的平旋运动作用、汽车燃油发动机“低转速/高扭矩/低功率、高转速/低扭矩/高功率”和电动机“启动扭矩低”功效特性以及动力匹配性能等因素，本发明技术的节能指标是，燃油汽车节油约40％、电动汽车省电约40％。Taking into account the rapid and periodic horizontal rotation of the wheels, the “low speed/high torque/low power, high speed/low torque/high power” of the automobile fuel engine, the “low starting torque” function characteristics of the electric motor and the power matching performance, etc., The energy-saving index of the technology of the present invention is that fuel-fuel vehicles save about 40% of fuel and electric vehicles save about 40% of electricity.
总之，本发明的主要技术优势是：一是联轴传动机构结构简单、安全可靠、成本低；二是大幅降低汽车的油耗和尾气排放；三是大幅提高汽车的动力性能、操控性能和驾驶体验及交通路网效能；四是大幅提升汽车动力***的自适应匹配性能；五是大幅提高汽车行驶的安全性、降低车轮轮胎的摩擦负荷及磨损；六是大幅提升电动汽车的续航能力；七是大幅提高汽车的加速通过性能，提供必要的汽车主动安全技术保护等。In short, the main technical advantages of the present invention are: first, the coupling transmission mechanism is simple in structure, safe and reliable, and low in cost; second, the fuel consumption and exhaust emissions of the car are greatly reduced; third, the power performance, control performance and driving experience of the car are greatly improved And traffic network efficiency; fourth is to greatly improve the adaptive matching performance of the automobile power system; fifth is to greatly improve the safety of the car, and to reduce the friction load and wear of the wheels and tires; the sixth is to greatly improve the endurance of electric vehicles; Significantly improve the acceleration and passing performance of cars, and provide necessary car active safety technology protection.
因此有理由说，本发明若能得到产业化实施，则将很可能引发一场令人期待的汽车动力技术革命！Therefore, it is reasonable to say that if the present invention can be implemented industrially, it will likely trigger an anticipated revolution in automotive power technology!
除了汽车应用外，本发明亦适用于列车等其它轮式机动交通运输工具或其它机械传动领域。In addition to automobile applications, the present invention is also applicable to other wheeled motor vehicles such as trains or other mechanical transmission fields.
结束语Concluding remarks
本发明，为解决汽车节能、环保、安全三大技术历史遗留问题，提出了一种全新的车轮平旋动力学理论及汽车动力技术解决方案，以推动全球轮式机动交通运输工具动力技术的长足进步，为解决人类社会面临的长期可持续发展问题，打开了技术创新空间。In order to solve the historical problems left over by the three major technologies of automobile energy saving, environmental protection and safety, the present invention proposes a brand-new wheel translation dynamics theory and automobile power technology solutions to promote the development of global wheeled motor vehicle power technology. Progress has opened up the space for technological innovation to solve the long-term sustainable development problems faced by human society.
本发明的名词定义：Definition of terms of the present invention:
主轴——与汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴相连的柱状转轴，被定义为“主动轴”，简称“主轴”。Main shaft-the columnar shaft connected to the output shaft of the gearbox of the automobile engine or electric motor is defined as the "active shaft", or "main shaft" for short.
从轴——与现车用车轮轴承单元的转轴同轴相连的筒状转轴，被定义为“从动轴”，简称“从轴”。Slave shaft-a cylindrical shaft that is coaxially connected with the shaft of the wheel bearing unit for existing vehicles, and is defined as a "driven shaft", or "slave shaft" for short.
从轴法兰盘——与筒状从轴一端面同轴紧固连接、并与现车用车轮轴承单元的转轴同轴相连的同轴轴段及法兰盘，被定义为“从轴法兰盘”。Slave shaft flange—the coaxial shaft segment and flange that are coaxially fastened to one end of the cylindrical slave shaft and coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the existing vehicle wheel bearing unit, which is defined as the "slave shaft method" Blue plate".
组合星轮(星轮)、星轮半径——由两半圆柱体与弹性长方体一端构成的组合式短圆柱体，被定义为“组合星轮”，简称“星轮”；该组合式短圆柱体的外径，被称为“星轮半径”。Combined star wheel (star wheel), star wheel radius-a combined short cylinder composed of two half-cylinders and one end of an elastic cuboid, defined as "combined star wheel", referred to as "star wheel"; this combined short cylinder The outer diameter of the body is called the "star wheel radius".
主轴凹槽、中心齿轮、中心齿轮半径——在主轴的一端面圆周上，均布径向、轴向矩形开口向外的凹槽，被定义为“主轴凹槽”；由这些矩形凹槽在主轴上构成的齿轮传动机构，被定义为“中心齿轮”；中心齿轮圆柱体的外径，被称为“中心齿轮半径”；主轴凹槽用于安装弹性长方体一端。Spindle groove, central gear, central gear radius-on the circumference of one end of the spindle, the grooves with radial and axial rectangular openings are uniformly distributed, which are defined as "spindle grooves"; these rectangular grooves The gear transmission mechanism formed on the main shaft is defined as the "center gear"; the outer diameter of the center gear cylinder is called the "center gear radius"; the main shaft groove is used to install one end of the elastic cuboid.
从轴圆凹槽——在从轴的一端面圆周上，均布轴向横截面为圆形、径向矩形喇叭开口正对轴心、轴向向外开放的圆形凹槽，被定义为“从轴圆凹槽”；从轴圆凹槽用于安装可自转的组合星轮。Slave shaft circular groove-on the circumference of one end surface of the slave shaft, a circular groove with a circular axial cross-section, a radial rectangular horn opening facing the shaft center and axially opening outward, is defined as "Slave shaft circular groove"; The slave shaft circular groove is used to install a self-rotating combined star wheel.
环状弹力腔——本发明车轮传动机构工作时，因弹性长方体安装在由主轴、从轴、组合星轮、滚动轴承和从轴法兰盘多面共同构成的环状腔体内，经主轴凹槽、组合星轮及从轴圆凹槽同步啮合弹性长方体两端可同时产生弹性弯矩作用形变，将该环状腔体定义为“环状弹力腔”。Annular elastic cavity-When the wheel transmission mechanism of the present invention is working, the elastic cuboid is installed in an annular cavity formed by the main shaft, the slave shaft, the combined star wheel, the rolling bearing and the flange of the slave shaft. The combined star wheel and the circular groove of the slave axis are synchronously meshed with the two ends of the elastic rectangular parallelepiped to produce elastic bending moment deformation at the same time. The annular cavity is defined as an "annular elastic cavity".
公转、自转、平旋运动——本发明车轮传动机构工作时，若从轴和组合星轮相对于主轴的逆向或正向转动被定义为“公转”，同时组合星轮在从轴圆凹槽内的相对逆向或正向转动被定义为“自转”，当公转、自转的即时角速度数值相等或近似相等时，从轴和主轴及车轮在车轴上产生既有平动、又有旋转的周期性复合运动，则被定义为“平旋运动”。Revolution, rotation, and translational motion-when the wheel transmission mechanism of the present invention is working, if the slave shaft and the combined star wheel rotate in the reverse or forward direction relative to the main shaft, it is defined as "revolution", and the combined star wheel is in the circular groove of the slave shaft The relative reverse or forward rotation inside is defined as "rotation". When the instantaneous angular velocity values of revolution and rotation are equal or approximately equal, the slave shaft and main shaft and wheels produce periodic motions and rotations on the axle. Compound movement is defined as "horizontal rotation".

Claims (8)

  1. 一种车轮平旋传动机构，其特征在于，包括一柱状的主轴、一筒状的从轴、一含有同轴轴段的从轴法兰盘、组合星轮、弹性长方体和轴承；从轴通过轴承安装在主轴上，并与主轴有同轴相对转动功能；主轴的一端，与汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴同轴相连；在主轴的另一端面圆周上，均布径向和轴向矩形开口向外的主轴凹槽，并由这些矩形凹槽在主轴上构成一中心齿轮；在从轴一端的圆环面上均布多个轴向向外开放的从轴圆凹槽，所述从轴圆凹槽的轴向横截面为圆形，其沿径向的圆凹槽底部设有正对轴心的径向矩形喇叭开口、圆凹槽顶部设有正对轴心的径向矩形柱面凹槽；由弹性长方体一端与两半圆柱体插接组成的组合星轮，分别设置在从轴圆凹槽内，并有相对自转功能；弹性长方体的另一端分别插接安装在主轴凹槽内，使弹性长方体在由主轴、从轴、组合星轮、轴承和从轴法兰盘共同构成的环状弹力腔内，具有同时产生弹性弯矩作用形变之功能；均布从轴圆凹槽的从轴一端与从轴法兰盘之间，通过轴向螺栓实现同轴紧固连接，从轴法兰盘的同轴轴段与现车用车轮轴承单元的转轴同轴相连。A wheel horizontal rotation transmission mechanism, which is characterized in that it comprises a columnar main shaft, a cylindrical slave shaft, a slave shaft flange containing a coaxial shaft section, a combined star wheel, an elastic cuboid and a bearing; the slave shaft passes The bearing is installed on the main shaft and has the function of coaxial relative rotation with the main shaft; one end of the main shaft is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the gearbox of the automobile engine or electric motor; on the circumference of the other end of the main shaft, the radial and axial directions are evenly distributed The main shaft grooves with rectangular openings to the outside, and these rectangular grooves form a central gear on the main shaft; a plurality of circular grooves on the secondary shaft opening axially outward are evenly distributed on the annular surface at one end of the secondary shaft. The axial cross section of the circular groove from the shaft is circular, and the bottom of the circular groove along the radial direction is provided with a radial rectangular horn opening facing the shaft center, and the top of the circular groove is provided with a radial rectangle facing the shaft center. Cylindrical groove; a combined star wheel composed of one end of an elastic rectangular parallelepiped and two half-cylinders inserted, respectively set in the circular groove of the slave shaft, and has a relative rotation function; the other end of the elastic rectangular parallelepiped is inserted and installed in the main shaft groove respectively In the groove, the elastic cuboid is in the annular elastic cavity formed by the main shaft, the slave shaft, the combined star wheel, the bearing and the slave shaft flange, and has the function of simultaneously generating elastic bending moment deformation; uniformly distributed on the slave shaft. Between the slave shaft end of the groove and the slave shaft flange, a coaxial fastening connection is realized by an axial bolt, and the coaxial shaft section of the slave shaft flange is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of the existing vehicle wheel bearing unit.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车轮平旋传动机构，其特征在于，机构开始工作时，汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴开始作用主轴，通过主轴凹槽、组合星轮及从轴圆凹槽同步啮合弹性长方体两端，在环状弹力腔内迅速产生弹性弯矩作用及作用形变，同时弹性长方体两端在主轴凹槽、组合星轮内产生同步小位移滑动，弹性长方体同步完成弹性势能存储，再由从轴和从轴法兰盘的同轴轴段作用现车用车轮轴承单元的转轴，使车轮开始正向转动并向后摩擦路面，因此主轴、从轴和从轴法兰盘及车轮在车轴上开始进入快速周期性的平旋运动状态，同时车轮在车轴上形成力矩平衡作用和平衡增力驱动作用；在所述平旋运动的每个作用周期内，首先从轴和组合星轮与主轴产生相对逆向公转，同时组合星轮在从轴圆凹槽内同步产生相对逆向自转；当所述的相对逆向公转、相对逆向自转停止时，从轴和组合星轮与主轴立刻产生相对正向公转，同时组合星轮在从轴圆凹槽内同步产生相对正向自转；一旦所述的相对正向公转、相对正向自转停止，则主轴、从轴和从轴法兰盘及车轮在车轴上又将立刻进入新的平旋运动周期、循环往复，直至传动机构工作结束为止；在所述快速周期性的平旋运动中，由于车身相对于路面的最佳前向驱动力，大于车轮向后作用路面的静摩擦力的二倍，所以，同比现有技术，汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴驱动车轮的功效增加二倍，汽车在路面上向前加速运动。The wheel horizontal rotation transmission mechanism according to claim 1, wherein when the mechanism starts to work, the output shaft of the gearbox of the automobile engine or electric motor starts to act on the main shaft, and the main shaft groove, the combined star wheel and the circular groove of the slave shaft are synchronized Engaging the two ends of the elastic cuboid quickly produces elastic bending moment and deformation in the annular elastic cavity. At the same time, the two ends of the elastic cuboid produce synchronous small displacement sliding in the main shaft groove and the combined star wheel. The elastic cuboid synchronously completes the elastic potential energy storage. Then the coaxial shaft section of the slave shaft and the slave shaft flange acts on the rotating shaft of the existing vehicle wheel bearing unit, so that the wheel starts to rotate forward and rubs the road backward, so the main shaft, the slave shaft and the slave shaft flange and the wheel On the axle, it starts to enter a state of rapid and periodic translational motion, and at the same time, the wheels form a torque balancing effect and a balanced force-increasing driving effect on the axle; in each action period of the translational motion, first from the shaft and the combined star wheel Produces a relative reverse revolution with the main shaft, and at the same time, the combined star wheel synchronously generates a relative reverse rotation in the circular groove of the slave shaft; when the said relative reverse revolution and relative reverse rotation stop, the slave shaft and the combined star wheel and the main shaft immediately produce a relative positive At the same time, the combined star wheel synchronously generates a relatively positive rotation in the circular groove of the slave shaft; once the said relatively positive revolution and relatively positive rotation stop, the main shaft, the slave shaft and the slave shaft flange and the wheel The axle will immediately enter a new horizontal rotation cycle, cyclically reciprocating until the end of the transmission mechanism; in the fast and periodic horizontal rotation motion, due to the best forward driving force of the vehicle body relative to the road surface, it is greater than the wheel The static friction force acting backward is twice that of the road surface. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the efficiency of the gearbox output shaft of a car engine or electric motor to drive the wheels is doubled, and the car accelerates forward on the road.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的车轮平旋传动机构，其特征在于，在主轴与从轴的同轴相对转动连接处，同轴组合使用两只滚动轴承，或者使用滑动轴承，以实现主轴、从轴之间的同轴定位及减摩作用。The wheel horizontal rotation transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, at the coaxial relative rotation connection of the main shaft and the slave shaft, two rolling bearings are used in a coaxial combination, or a sliding bearing is used to realize the connection between the main shaft and the slave shaft. Coaxial positioning and anti-friction effect.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的车轮平旋传动机构，其特征在于，中心齿轮半径与组合星轮半径相等，以确保弹性长方体形成最佳的弹性弯矩作用和平衡增力作用效果。The wheel horizontal rotation transmission mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the radius of the central gear is equal to the radius of the combined star wheel, so as to ensure that the elastic cuboid forms the best elastic bending moment and balance boosting effect.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的车轮平旋传动机构，其特征在于，弹性长方体采用弹簧钢加工，以满足弹性弯矩作用强度要求。The wheel horizontal rotation transmission mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the elastic rectangular parallelepiped is processed by spring steel to meet the requirements of the strength of the elastic bending moment.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的车轮平旋传动机构，其特征在于，在环状弹力腔内填满润滑油脂，以实现组合星轮、从轴圆凹槽、弹性长方体、中心齿轮的减摩润滑和轴承润滑。The wheel horizontal rotation transmission mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the annular elastic cavity is filled with lubricating grease to realize the anti-friction lubrication of the combined star wheel, the circular groove of the slave shaft, the elastic cuboid, and the central gear Bearing lubrication.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的车轮平旋传动机构，其特征在于，安装在汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱上作为输出轴使用，或者安装在车轮驱动半轴上作为联轴器使用。The wheel horizontal rotation transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that it is installed on the gearbox of an automobile engine or electric motor as an output shaft, or installed on a wheel drive half shaft and used as a coupling.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的车轮平旋传动机构，其特征在于，主轴与汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴同轴连接使用、从轴与现车用车轮轴承单元的转轴同轴连接使用，或者从轴与汽车发动机或电动机的变速箱输出轴同轴连接作为主动轴使用、主轴与现车用车轮轴承单元的转轴同轴连接作为从动轴使用。The wheel flat-rotation transmission mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the main shaft is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the gearbox of the automobile engine or electric motor, and the slave shaft is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the existing vehicle wheel bearing unit, or The slave shaft is coaxially connected with the gearbox output shaft of the automobile engine or electric motor as a driving shaft, and the main shaft is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of an existing vehicle wheel bearing unit as a driven shaft.
PCT/CN2019/122981 2019-05-07 2019-12-04 Wheel flat-rotation transmission mechanism WO2020224255A1 (en)

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CN201980004456.6A CN111183303A (en) 2019-05-07 2019-12-04 Wheel flat rotation transmission mechanism
CN202080005210.3A CN112867624A (en) 2019-12-04 2020-11-13 Wheel translation transmission mechanism
PCT/CN2020/128687 WO2021109838A1 (en) 2019-05-07 2020-11-13 Wheel translational transmission mechanism

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