WO2020175972A1 - 광로 증가가 없는 내부 시선고정용 시표가 마련된 안저카메라 또는 형광안저카메라 - Google Patents

광로 증가가 없는 내부 시선고정용 시표가 마련된 안저카메라 또는 형광안저카메라 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020175972A1
WO2020175972A1 PCT/KR2020/002965 KR2020002965W WO2020175972A1 WO 2020175972 A1 WO2020175972 A1 WO 2020175972A1 KR 2020002965 W KR2020002965 W KR 2020002965W WO 2020175972 A1 WO2020175972 A1 WO 2020175972A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
target
lens
fundus camera
light
fundus
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Application number
PCT/KR2020/002965
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
권한조
박건형
Original Assignee
부산대학교병원
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Publication of WO2020175972A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020175972A1/ko

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/0091—Fixation targets for viewing direction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0071—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by measuring fluorescence emission

Definitions

  • the present invention is a fundus camera provided with a target for fixing the internal vision for aligning the optical axis of the photographing eye and the detector axis of the fundus camera or the fluorescent fundus camera, or
  • a fluorescent fundus camera when taking a fundus photograph or a fluorescent fundus photograph, it allows the macular and fovea to be accurately photographed and the desired peripheral region to be accurately photographed, but does not create an additional optical path and prevents the overall optical system from deteriorating or size change. It relates to a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera with a target for fixing the internal sight without increasing the prepared optical path.
  • Fus cameras or fluorescent fundus cameras used in general ophthalmic examinations mainly use coaxial illumination fundus cameras to illuminate the fundus.
  • coaxial illumination is used for non- mydriatic and mydriatic fundus camera) and a key technology for maximizing the performance of a fluorescent fundus camera, meaning a camera in which the Imaging axis and the Illumination axis coincide (Fig. 1).
  • a target for eye fixation if the camera and the visual axis of the person coincide, the axis of the detector and the axis of illumination and the visual axis of the person coincide, so that the most vivid and evenly contrasted fundus picture can be obtained.
  • a target for fixing the sight of a general fundus camera is mounted on the outside of the camera, and the target is illuminated on the opposite side and adjusted to make the shot coincide with the axis of the detector. Tables are used a lot.
  • the above external sight-fixing targets are inexpensive, but have the disadvantage of having to design the system outside the camera, and this has the disadvantage that the size of the entire system is very large. In general, real name or low vision. In the case of the inner case, considering the reality of focusing on healthier eye examinations, in the case of patients with extremely low visual acuity opposite to the shooting, the use of an external type eye fixation target is not possible because the fixation target cannot be observed. Meaning can be degraded.
  • the target for fixing the eyeball inside the fundus camera or the fluorescent fundus camera there is an optical system corresponding to the target for fixing the eyeball inside the fundus camera or the fluorescent fundus camera, and by making the target look at the target through the camera's objective lens, the human vision axis and the detector axis of the camera are matched.
  • a target for fixing the line of sight is also used.
  • the target for fixing the internal line of sight can be finely adjusted in the X or Y axis, and this allows the surrounding fundus to be contrasted and photographed within the appropriate range as much as the blurring when the shot is moved. It is a device.
  • the above internal sight line fixing target is 2020/175972 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002965
  • an additional optical path is set using a beam splitter on the axis of the camera or the axis of the detector, followed by several illumination lenses and targets. This method is used in this manner. It has been used for a long time and has the disadvantage of generating an additional optical path to design a device corresponding to the target for fixing the line of sight, which increases the weight, size, and cost of the product, and the beam splitter for creating an additional optical path.
  • the signal of the axis e.g., the illumination axis or the detector axis
  • the signal of the axis is reduced, and a brighter illumination source is required for the illumination axis, and the detector axis requires a more sensitive imaging sensor or a brighter detector.
  • the need for an optical system leads to the disadvantage of shortening the operating time and increasing the cost as a result.
  • the present invention includes a standard for fixing the internal sight line that is generally used.
  • Its purpose is to solve the problem of a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera, and to effectively form a target for eye fixation on the retina of a photographed eye to obtain a clear and evenly contrasted fundus picture.
  • the purpose is to provide a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera that does not use an additional beam splitter even when an internal sight line fixing target is used.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to reduce the optical path by using the internal sight line fixing target.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a target for fixing the line of sight inside a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera so that the performance of the entire optical system is not degraded, so that the target for fixing is effectively formed on the retina of the photographing eye, and is clearly and evenly contrasted. It is to acquire a fundus photograph and a fluorescent fundus photograph.
  • the purpose of the present invention is a fundus camera that does not require an optical system of an additional light source or a more sensitive imaging sensor or a brighter detector even if a target for fixing the line of sight is provided inside a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera. Or to provide a fluorescent fundus camera.
  • a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera equipped with an internal sight-fixing target without an increase in the optical path according to the present invention is an optical system for fixing the sight of a person, wherein the target optical system is a human vision.
  • It consists of a target illumination lens (24), arranged side by side and arranged such that the light extracted from the target adjustment lens (25) is located within the focal length of the lens;
  • a beam splitter 50 that is provided on an axis parallel to the illumination lens 30 and divides the light received from the illumination lens 30;
  • a fundus camera that does not use an additional beam splitter or
  • Fluorescent fundus camera can be provided.
  • the present invention can provide a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera that does not increase the optical path even by using the internal sight line fixing target.
  • the eye-fixing target is designed inside a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera so that the performance of the entire optical system is not degraded, so that the target for fixing is effectively formed on the retina in the photographing, and a clear and evenly contrasted fundus You can acquire photos and photos of fluorescent fundus.
  • the present invention provides a fundus camera or fluorescent light that does not require an additional lighting source or a more sensitive imaging sensor or a brighter detector optical system even if a target for fixing the line of sight is provided inside a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera.
  • Fundus camera can be provided.
  • the target for fixing the internal sight of the present invention can be applied to both the bottom camera or the fluorescent fundus camera during Shandong or Musan.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the basic configuration of a coaxial illumination fundus camera.
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera provided with a target for fixing an internal line of sight without an increase in the optical path of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the optical system of a target 23 for fixing the internal line of sight designed in front of the central add-on camera 212 of the masking unit 21.
  • FIG. 4 is a view showing the shape of the fixing unit 22 accommodating the standing and target adjustment lens 25 at one end of the masking unit 21 in the form of an aperture including the central aperture 212.
  • Fig. 5 is a result showing the retinal image (L,) of the target when simulated using the present invention.
  • 6 is a simulation result of a lighting axis generated using the masking unit 21.
  • FIG. 8 is a photograph showing the illumination axis of a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera provided with a target for fixing an internal line of sight without an increase in the optical path of the present invention and the illumination source of the illumination unit 10 being illuminated by the objective lens 60 .
  • 10 is a lighting simulation between the pupil and the illumination lens 30 created by the central aperture 212 of the masking unit 21.
  • Figure 11 shows a target lens (25) and a target illumination lens (24) installed in the masking unit (21).
  • FIG. 12 is a view showing the installation and arrangement of the masking unit 21, the target adjustment lens 25, and the target illumination lens 24.
  • FIG. 13 is a side view of the optical system of the target 23 for fixing the inner line of sight designed in front of the central add-on aperture 212 of the masking unit 21.
  • Fig. 14 is for turning on the fundus camera lighting source of the present invention, and for fixing the internal line of sight
  • Fig. 15 is for turning off the fundus camera illumination source of the present invention, and for fixing the internal line of sight
  • Fig. 17 is another embodiment diagram illustrating a manual or automatic mechanism for adjusting the distance after combining the masking unit 21 and the fixing unit 22.
  • 2020/175972 1 (:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002965
  • Fig. 18 is a photograph showing a problem that occurs when the illumination axis does not match, and Fig. 18 (a photograph showing a problem that occurs when the blood detection axis does not match).
  • FIG. 19 is a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera provided with a target for fixing an internal line of sight without an increase in the optical path of the present invention without a mirror 40.
  • FIG. 20 is a photograph showing an example when using the table (23) of 01 high school 1).
  • FIG. 22 is a flow chart showing a method of photographing a fundus using a fundus camera according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a photograph of the fundus taken when the infrared ray 1) is turned on (0) in FIG. 22.
  • FIG. 24 is a photograph of a fundus taken when 1 in white is turned on (0) in FIG. 22.
  • a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera equipped with a target for fixing the internal vision without increasing the optical path is known for the macula when taking a fundus photo or a fluorescent fundus photo! And the fovea 6 can be accurately photographed or the desired peripheral area can be accurately photographed.
  • the present invention allows the light exiting from the illumination unit 10 to be evenly distributed over the retina. 2020/175972 1» (:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002965) Prevents vignetting ( ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4! Mountain 13 ⁇ 4) from dark outside and corners of the fundus image and color fundus image acquired by doing it.
  • a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera equipped with an internal sight-fixing target without an increase in the optical path of the present invention includes an optical system for fixing the sight of a person, and a lighting part (10), a lighting lens (30), a beam splitter (50) and an objective lens (60) is further included.
  • Fig. 4 shows one end of the masking unit 21 and the fixing unit 22, One end of the masking unit 21 is provided so as to face the lighting part 10, and the other end is combined with the blood fixing unit 22 in FIG. 4.
  • the masking unit 21 is formed in a hollow circle shape. It is spaced apart from the structure 211 and the masking structure 211, and is placed in the center of the hollow inner part of the masking structure 211.
  • a central stopper (212) is provided, and the center of the central stopper (212) is provided in a hollow type, but the target hole (231) and the top to accommodate the target (23)
  • the target illumination lens (241) can be positioned behind the target (23).
  • the target lighting lens hole 241 of the concave shape to accommodate the target lighting lens 24 is provided.
  • the fixing unit 22 and the masking unit 21 are provided on both sides of the masking unit 21.
  • a distance adjustment hole (214 214 rain) is provided to combine.
  • the fixing unit 22 fixes the target adjustment lens 25 so that the target adjustment lens 25 can be arranged side by side behind the target illumination lens 24.
  • a target adjustment lens hole 251 is provided. More specifically, as shown in Fig. 4 (as shown in Bien), the fixing unit 22 is the masking structure 21 received in the center.
  • the target adjustment lens hole 251 is further provided in a concave shape to accommodate a part of the target illumination lens 24, and the target adjustment lens hole 251 is further provided in the center so that the target adjustment lens 25 can be fixed.
  • a fixing unit adjustment hole (224 224 224) is provided so that the 214 214 ratio and the butt distance adjustment screw can be combined.
  • the target illumination lens 24 is coupled to the masking unit 21, the
  • the target (23) above emits light to fix the human visual axis.
  • Point light sources such as 1 general visible light 0 (400 ⁇ 65011111) and 650 ⁇ 95011111 11 1 band) infrared light 1 ⁇ 1) can be generally used.
  • Transistor liquid crystal display (1 -1 ⁇ : 0), anisotropic conduction 2020/175972 1» (:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002965 film (show 7 ), organic light emitting diode (01 ⁇ 1)) and flat displays such as plasma displays can also be used.
  • the corresponding light source can transmit optical signals.
  • Optical fiber can also be used.
  • the target 23 coupled to the target hole 231 can have a small 1 high 1) and a two-dimensional display device such as 1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 01 ⁇ 1) can be placed.
  • the above target hole is The size of (231) can be 500, and if the above table (23) is used as the above 1 ⁇ 1), 50 is preferable. In addition, the above table (23) is the same as the above 1 ⁇ ).
  • the target hole 231 can expand its size up to the size of the masking structure 211.
  • the target 23 is placed near the focal length of the target adjustment lens 25. Then, the light is collected and passed through the target illumination lens 24. After that, an image is formed on the retina through the illumination lens 30 and the objective lens 60. This light is the illumination axis of the fundus camera and the detector. Beam splitter (50) to separate the shaft or
  • Beam splitter (50) and mirror (40) can be passed.
  • the target illumination lens 24 is provided after the target 23 on the same axis as the target 23 and guides the light emitted from the target 23.
  • Myopia or farsightedness Accordingly, the position of the retina may vary from the objective lens 60 to its distance. Therefore, in order to apply the most vivid target (23) to the retina,
  • the target illumination lens 24 can be designed to be adjustable by moving it back and forth in the direction of the illumination axis. As shown in Fig. 11, this adjustment can be implemented by moving the screw thread forward and backward in a linear motor or rotating motor, or manually by an inspector. It can be designed to be adjusted back and forth.
  • the target illumination lens 24 can be tilted around the optical axis. It can also be designed to be adjustable with a rotating motor or manually.
  • the periphery of the retina can be irradiated.
  • the image of the target (23) deviating from the optical axis is formed on the periphery of the retina, and the target illumination lens (24). ) Can be rotated.
  • This method can be achieved by moving the position of the point-point light source to a point on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis. As shown in Fig.
  • the optical axis When the pixel corresponding to is lit, the light of the target 23 can be applied to the central fovea and the macula, and if the pixel corresponding to the peripheral part of the optical axis is lit, the light can be applied to the retina of the peripheral part by rotating the eyeball.
  • the target adjustment lens 25 is the same as the target 23 and the target illumination lens 24, as shown in FIG. 3
  • the target illumination lens 24 is arranged side by side on the axis and is configured so that the light drawn from the target illumination lens 25 is located within the focal length of the lens. That is, the target 23, the target illumination lens 24, and It is positioned side by side with the target adjustment lens 25 so that the target 23 is located between the central stop 212 and the target adjustment lens 25.
  • the focal length of the objective lens 60 is 25_
  • the focal length is 10111111 5111111
  • the target adjustment lens 25 having a diameter of 5111111
  • a spot of 40011111 is formed in the center of the retina (Fig. 5).
  • the target illumination lens 24 and the target adjustment lens are formed.
  • (25) can be composed of a single spherical lens, an aspherical lens and a color eraser lens, and can be composed of a combination of these.
  • the distance between the target illumination lens (24) and the target adjustment lens (25) is adjusted for patients with macular holes, macular degeneration, Stargart disease, and glaucoma patients with reduced central vision, and patients with aberrant color vision.
  • the spot size can be increased to 300011111.
  • the above spot is designed to reflect the whole and the center, which is the visual axis center of the fundus.
  • the fovea is a free vessel with a diameter of 40011111, which receives nutrition from the choroidal capillaries, and is anatomically composed of a concave gynecological fovea of 35011111. Therefore, in the case of the normal eye, the spot size is appropriate at the level of 40011111. If the spot size is too large, a lot of light flows into the fundus, and there is a disadvantage that can cause axis movement in the case of the low camera during scattering, and a disadvantage of inducing photophobia after inspection.
  • the spot of 40011111 is the size of a spot that is sufficient for central attention.
  • the spot size can be increased to 300011111, which corresponds to the range of the macula.
  • Fig. 20 is an example of a sculpture type 01 ⁇ 1), and Fig. 20 (the above target 23 is two-dimensional
  • the masking unit 21 from one side to the central portion of the cornea and lens 2020/175972 1»(:1/10 ⁇ 020/002965
  • the target adjustment lens 25 from the other side of the central stop 212 including a central stop 212 that prevents light from entering the illumination unit 10
  • the masking unit 21 is configured to evenly contrast the retina after being refracted by the human cornea and lens by allowing the light to not enter the central portion of the cornea and the lens, but enter the peripheral portion.
  • the masking unit 21 More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the masking unit 21
  • the masking structure 211 is provided in a hollow cylindrical shape in the form of an aperture, and the central part inside the masking structure 211
  • a shield 212 is provided and consists of a spider part 213 connecting the central part 212 and the masking structure 211.
  • the central stopper (212) is coaxial to minimize corneal reflection.
  • the minimum size of the central aperture 212 varies depending on the focal length of the objective lens 60 to be described below, but in general, it is preferable that the radius is 2.0 to 5.0 mm. If the radius of the central iris 212 is less than 2.0mm, there is a possibility that light may enter the central part of the cornea and lens, and if the radius of the central iris 212 exceeds 5.0mm, the light is evenly distributed to the periphery of the cornea and the lens. Since there is a possibility that the entrance may not be possible, it is advisable to carry out the above conditions.
  • the central additional shutter 212 can be attached to the front or rear surface of the diffusion lens 20 in a sticker manner, and the diffusion lens 20 can be applied with an oil or water pen. It can also be marked in the center.
  • the spider unit 213 can be designed in various ways on that day, and as the number increases, the stability increases, but there is a problem that the amount of light decreases and a diffraction image occurs.
  • Fig. 11 shows As shown, above
  • the present invention is composed of a lighting unit 10, a diffusion lens 20, a lighting lens 30, a beam splitter 50, and an objective lens 60 in the target optical system.
  • the illumination axis of the light extracted from the illumination unit 10 and the time axis of the light drawn from the target 23 and the detector axis of the light returning after imaging the fundus with the light drawn from the beam splitter 50 are the same It is preferred to be provided with a coaxial.
  • the lighting part 10 emits light.
  • the lighting part 10 is based on a xenon lamp or a light-emitting diode.
  • the lighting part 10 is the same as that used for conventional coaxial illumination, thus increasing compatibility. I can do it.
  • the lighting unit 10 may use a light-emitting diode of a visible wide band for photographing a fundus, and a light-emitting diode having an emission spectrum in the range of 700 to 1000 nm for photographing a near-infrared fundus. Also, 450 for photographing a fluorescent fundus. ⁇ 500nm 2020/175972 1»(:1/10 ⁇ 020/002965 All kinds of light-emitting diodes can be used, such as light-emitting diodes with emission lines in a narrow spectrum area of 700 80011111 in width.
  • the diffusion lens 20 diffuses the light received from the illumination unit 10. Since the light emitted from the diffusion lens 20 passes through the masking unit 21, the light can be controlled by the masking unit 21.
  • the illumination lens 30 is the target illumination lens 24 behind the
  • the light received from the lighting unit 10 is irradiated at a constant emission angle.
  • the light received from the diffusion lens 20 is more clearly and consistently extracted by the lighting lens 30.
  • the mirror 40 reflects the light received from the illumination lens 30.
  • the mirror 40 is a structure necessary to position the illumination on the east side of the camera, and has an effect on the optical performance of the fundus camera. Not crazy
  • the mirror 40 is not necessary.
  • the lighting unit 10 is more than one including visible light and near-infrared light
  • one beam splitter 50 and one beam splitter 50 instead of the mirror 40
  • two lights having different properties can be incident on the beam splitter 50.
  • the mirror 40 is the above
  • the direction of the incoming light from the illumination lens 30 is changed and the light is drawn out to the beam splitter 50.
  • the beam splitter 50 is provided on an axis parallel to the illumination lens 30
  • the beam splitter 50 includes the 942581
  • 99 9888841 Set the illumination axis of the light extracted from the illumination unit 10 and the detector axis of the light entering the detector.
  • the beam splitter 50 When the beam splitter 50 is used as a polarization beam splitter, I 5 polarized light is transmitted and 8 polarized light is reflected from the light received from the mirror 40. More specifically, all light sources are I 5 polarized light. A corresponding light source and a light source corresponding to 8 polarized light are mixed, and the light source passes the light corresponding to the I 5 polarized light by the polarization beam splitter 50, and the light corresponding to the 8 polarized light is bent by 90 degrees of the optical axis. On the other hand, a non-polarized beam splitter does not have the same principle as a polarized beam splitter.
  • the beam splitter 50 may be made of a very thin film material or a single square, rectangular or circular glass material, and a cube (0-no) polarizing beam splitter that combines two prisms can also be used. In particular, the two prisms are combined.
  • the objective lens 60 is on the same axis as the beam splitter 50
  • the fundus costume is enlarged after contrasting the fundus with the light received from the beam splitter 50.
  • Retinal image when a near-distance eyepiece is used between the teeth, the near-distance eyepiece reduces the image of the fundus enlarged by the objective lens 60, and the user checks the retinal image (b') of the above target.
  • Fig. 6 is a simulation of a lighting axis generated when the masking unit 21 is used
  • the masking unit 21 in the form of an aperture including the central aperture 212 shown in FIG. 4 forms a dark shade in the central section of the cornea and lens.
  • the ⁇ (: shown in Fig. 6 corresponds to the ⁇ (: graph of Fig. 7, respectively.
  • the dark shade is slightly in front of the cornea (show display portion in Fig. 6 and the red arrow from Fig. 7 to Fig. 6) It is formed to the posterior side of the asteroid.
  • the donut ring-shaped light is incident in front of the cornea and is 7.5111111 away from the lens.
  • Fig. 8 shows the illumination axis and the illumination unit 10 in the virtual objective lens 60 in the actually implemented fundus camera or fluorescent fundus camera. The projected appearance is shown.
  • FIG. 9 is a simulation example of the lighting unit 10 generated by the masking unit 21, and Fig. 9 shows a donut-shaped light generated by the masking unit 21 when there is no human eye. Although it diverges, FIG. 96 shows that when there is a human eye, it is refracted at the periphery of the cornea and the lens, and the light that has passed through the cornea and the lens is gathered to evenly contrast the retina.
  • FIG. 10 An example of a lighting simulation between the lighting lenses 30 is shown, and the figure is a simulation result showing the brightness by the lighting unit 10 between the masking unit 21 and the lighting lens 30 as an axis.
  • a bullet-shaped dark exercise ball is formed by the central aperture 212 of the masking unit 21, which is held up to the back surface of the illumination lens 30.
  • the pupil area is also shown.
  • the target optical system for fixing the inner line of sight can be designed within a yellow square area. In this case,
  • the target (23) can be applied to the fovea and the macula, which is the center of the fundus, without affecting the lighting part (10).
  • the designable size can be designed with a radius smaller than the inner diameter of the masking unit (21), and corresponds to the indication lighting. As the length of the optical path becomes longer, the optical diameter that can be designed is slightly smaller than the diameter of the central part of the masking unit 21 and the aperture 212. 2020/175972 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002965
  • FIG 11 is a photograph showing the masking unit 21, the target adjustment lens 25, and the target illumination lens 24 by implementing the target optical system of the present invention, and the target lighting lens 24 Is disposed in front of the target adjustment lens 25.
  • the target illumination lens 24 can be fixed with screws, as shown in the photo, but the target illumination lens 24 can be designed to move in the front and rear direction of the optical axis corresponding to the illumination axis of the fundus camera.
  • the method is the same as previously described, both manual and mechanical automatic methods are possible.
  • the typical optimal control range is the point at which the spot of the target (23) is formed in the patient's eye, which is the brightest and brightest, but in the fovea and macula.
  • 1) can be used for 1 high school 1 of all visible light bands and 1 ⁇ 1) of infrared rays up to the 85011111 band, which can only be detected by the human retina, and target (23) as a flat lighting source as well as such a point light source.
  • target (23) can be replaced by
  • FIG. 13 illustrates the target adjustment lens 25, target illumination lens 24, and target 23 designed in front of the masking unit 21 and the central blindfold of the masking unit 21, and the target ( 23) is inserted into the illumination axis of the ipsilateral fundus camera.
  • the left is a case where the fundus camera light is turned on (0 and the above target (23) is set to 0, and Figure 15 is a case where only the above target (23) is turned on (0).
  • the above target (23) can be turned off (0 mark), or the above mark (23) is continuously turned on (0 non-off (0 mark) and blinks).
  • the illumination unit 10 is turned on (0) to obtain a fundus photo.
  • the target (23) If it is used as a target (23), it can be lit at any time. On the other hand, if a lighting source other than the band emitting fluorescence is used as the target (23), as described above, the target (23) is turned off (0 Fluorescent fundus photo can be acquired by turning on (0) the illumination part 10 of the fluorescent fundus camera.
  • 16 shows an embodiment of a manual adjustment mechanism capable of adjusting the distance by combining the masking unit 21 and the fixing unit 22, the 2020/175972 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002965 Distance adjustment hole (214 214 non-overpass fixing unit adjustment hole (224 224 ratio) If the coupling screw that is joined together is first connected, the side of the fixing unit 22 is The user adjusts the distance of the fixing unit 22 through the fixing beam 222 coupled to the hole, that is, the fixing beam 222 is coupled to the fixing unit 22 and coupled to the fixing unit 22 The target adjustment lens (25) is moved and moves back and forth.
  • the target (23) illuminates the focal fovea at the optimal focal length, and the spot size is enlarged at the point away from the focal length, resulting in a wider macula than the focal focal length.
  • the fixing beam 222 connected to the fixing unit 22 coupled to the target adjustment lens 25 is pushed forward or inward from the outside of the fundus camera. It can be adjusted by pulling.
  • 17 shows another embodiment of a manual adjustment mechanism capable of adjusting the distance by combining the masking unit 21 and the fixing unit 22, the
  • the fixation beam 222 connected to the fixation unit 22 to which the target adjustment lens 25 is coupled is described above.
  • the distance between the target illumination lens 24 and the target adjustment lens 25 can be adjusted by rotating it outside the fundus camera.
  • the distance adjustment hole (214 214) and the fixing unit adjustment hole (224 224 ratio) As shown in Fig. 17, the masking unit 21 and the fixing unit 22 themselves are provided with female and male thread taps that can be coupled and disassembled by rotation. The distance between the illumination lens 24 and the target adjustment lens 25 can be adjusted.
  • the female and male thread taps can be manually adjusted through the fixing beam 222, but this rotational movement is precisely controlled by the motor. Automatic adjustment by controlling
  • the above function is performed by rotating or reverse rotation of the fixing unit (22) to the point that the size of the target (23) is minimized. This is possible.
  • Figure 18 is, unlike the present invention, when the illumination axis does not coincide, when excessive illumination is applied in one direction and the fundus image data is lost (FIG. 18 (shown in the figure, and the detector axis does not coincide (FIG. 18) (6)) Vignette in the corresponding direction is observed severely, and the image data is lost due to dark shooting.
  • the target mark (23) for fixing targets is prepared,
  • the axis of the detector, the axis of illumination, and the axis of view of the person coincide, so that the most vivid and evenly contrasted fundus picture can be obtained.
  • the illumination unit 10 By reflecting the light of the lighting unit 10, it is arranged to bend in the vertical direction, 2020/175972 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002965 Consists of an inverted type I. That is, the illumination unit 10, the diffusion lens 20, the masking unit 21, the fixing unit 22, the illumination lens ( When 30) is named as a lighting unit, the lighting unit is arranged to be perpendicular to the beam splitter 50.
  • the mirror 40 is present, it is configured in a straight line and the fundus camera
  • the mirror 40 has the advantage of being smaller in size and has the advantage of holding it like a pencil and taking a fundus picture.
  • the mirror 40 can be configured as an I type as shown in 19, and it is convenient to hold the lighting unit with your hand.
  • the target 23 is provided with the masking unit 21 between the diffusion lens 20 and the illumination lens 30.
  • Fig. 21 is an example of a fundus photograph taken using the target (22) as a two-dimensional target, and Fig. 21 (see the center of the seo, 21) is the inner side, and 21 (0 is the trauma side) , 21(1)) looked at the outer and lower sides to obtain a fundus picture.
  • 21(3 ⁇ 4) By combining the fundus photos taken by watching each side above, you can obtain a fundus picture with a very large angle of view, such as 21(3 ⁇ 4).
  • FIG. 1 A method of taking a fundus picture using a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera equipped with a target for fixing the internal sight without increasing the optical path of the present invention is as shown in FIG.
  • the first step 10 turns on (0) the power of the fundus camera.
  • the target (23) or the display unit (display) of the fundus camera flashes and previews Enter the mode.
  • the second step 20) starts shooting.
  • the patient observes the blinking sight-fixing target (23), high school 1 ) , and the examination
  • the chair adjusts the distance between the fundus camera and the patient's eyes, and adjusts the angle of view for adjusting the direction of the fundus camera.
  • the examiner adjusts the focus and controls the exposure.
  • the infrared ray 1 high [) is turned on (0.
  • the infrared fundus photo data of 23 is acquired even when only the infrared ray 1 high 1) is turned on.
  • the infrared fundus photography is preferably desirable to take a maximum of 4 in section taken within at least 1 200, 1 loss.
  • the fourth step 40 all lights are turned off (0, so the pupil of the patient is maximized to maintain the maximum pupillary state.
  • the fourth step 40) is performed with a loss of 2001 to 5001.
  • the white one high [) is turned on (0.
  • the white one high 1) is turned on (0 ⁇ , as shown in Fig. 24, color fundus photo data is obtained). It is desirable to take a minimum of 4 to a maximum of 16 of the above color fundus photos, and it is desirable to take 2001 losses to 5001 ⁇ . 2020/175972 1»(:1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2020/002965
  • the sixth step (S60) all lights are secondarily turned off, the pupil of the patient is re-expanded, and the obtained fundus photo is displayed on the LCD display (display).
  • the third step (S30) an infrared fundus photograph is acquired, and then a color fundus photograph is obtained in the fifth step (S50).
  • a white LED is applied to obtain a fundus picture.
  • the visible light Even in the case of a camera during a mountain, the visible light itself causes discomfort in the glare, so before applying the visible light, check the angle of view and focus of the fundus in advance with infrared rays. Visible light is applied only immediately before the post-shooting.
  • the present invention uses the internal sight line fixing timetable (23).
  • the present invention uses the internal sight line fixing table (23) to determine the light path.
  • the target for fixing the line of sight (23) is designed inside a fundus camera or a fluorescent fundus camera, so that the target for fixing (23) is effectively formed on the retina of the shooting without deteriorating the performance of the entire optical system and is clear. And you can acquire evenly contrasted fundus photos and fluorescent fundus photos.
  • the object of the present invention is a target for fixing the line of sight (23)

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Abstract

본 발명은 촬영안의 시축과 안저카메라 또는 형광안저카메라의 검출기 축을 정렬하기 위한 내부 시선고정용 시표가 마련된 안저카메라 또는 형광안저카메라에 관한 것으로, 안저사진 혹은 형광안저사진 촬영 시 황반부 및 중심와를 정확하게 촬영하고 원하는 주변부위를 정확히 촬영할 수 있도록 하되 추가적인 광경로를 발생시키지 않고 전체 광학계의 성능 저하나 크기 변화가 발생하지 않도록 마련된 광로 증가가 없는 내부 시선고정용 시표가 마련된 안저카메라 또는 형광안저카메라에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 광로 증가가 없는 내부 시선고정용 시표가 마련된 안저카메라 또는 형광안저카메라는 사람의 시선을 고정하기 위한 시선고정용 시표 광학계에 있어서, 상기 시표 광학계는 사람의 시축을 고정하기 위해 광을 방출하는 시표(23); 상기 시표(23)과 동일한 축 선상에서 상기 시표(23) 뒤에 마련되어 상기 시표(23)에서 방출되는 광을 인입하는 시표조명렌즈(24); 상기 시표(23) 및 시표조명렌즈(24)와 동일한 축 선상에서 상기 시표조명렌즈(24) 뒤에 나란히 마련되어 상기 시표조절렌즈(25)로부터 인출되는 광이 렌즈의 초점거리 이내에 위치하도록 마련되는 시표조절렌즈(25);로 구성되고, 상기 시표 광학계에, 광을 방출하는 조명부(10); 상기 시표조명렌즈(24) 뒤에 상기 시표조명렌즈(24)와 동일한 축 선상에 마련되어 상기 시표(23) 및 조명부(10)에서 인입된 광을 일정 출사각으로 조사하는 조명렌즈(30); 상기 조명렌즈(30)와 평행한 축에 마련되어 상기 조명렌즈(30)로부터 인입된 광을 분할하는 빔스플리터(50); 및 상기 빔스플리터(50)와 동일한 축 선상에 마련되어 상기 빔스플리터(50)에서 인입된 광으로 안저를 조영한 후 되돌아오는 안저의 상을 확대하는 대물렌즈(60);를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.

Description

2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965 명세서
발명의명칭:광로증가가없는내부시선고정용시표가마련된 안저카메라또는형광안저카메라 기술분야
[1] 본발명은촬영안의시축과안저카메라또는형광안저카메라의검출기축을 정렬하기 위한내부시선고정용시표가마련된안저카메라또는
형광안저카메라에 관한것으로,안저사진혹은형광안저사진촬영시 황반부및 중심와를정확하게촬영하고원하는주변부위를정확히촬영할수있도록하되 추가적인광경로를발생시키지 않고전체광학계의성능저하나크기 변화가 발생하지 않도록마련된광로증가가없는내부시선고정용시표가마련된 안저카메라또는형광안저카메라에 관한것이다.
배경기술
[2] 일반적인안과검진에서사용하는안저카메라또는형광안저카메라는안저를 조명하기 위해동죽조명 (coaxial illumination)안저카메라를주로사용한다.동즉 조명 (coaxial illumination)은무산동및산동안저카메라 (non-mydriatic and mydriatic fundus camera)및형광안저카메라의성능을극대화하기 위한핵심적인 기술이며,검줄기의죽 (Imaging axis)과조명의죽 (Illumination axis)이 일치하는 카메라를의미한다 (도 1).여기에시선고정용시표의도움으로해당카메라와 사람의시축 (visual axis)이 일치하면검출기의축과조명의축및사람의시축이 일치함으로써 가장선명하고고르게조영된안저사진을획득할수있다.
[3] 사람의시축과카메라검출기의축을일치시키기 위해서 일반적으로
시선고정용시표를사용한다.일반적인안저카메라의시선고정용시표는 카메라외부에장착되어 있으며반대안에시표를조명하고이를조정하여 촬영안이 검출기의축과일치하도록하는외부형시선고정용시표를많이 사용한다.상기 외부형시선고정용시표는가격이 저렴하지만카메라의외부에 시스템을설계해야만하는단점이 있으며 이로인해 전체시스템의크기가매우 커지는단점이 있다.일반적으로실명안이나저시력안의 경우진료에 있어더 건강한눈에 대한검사를중점적으로하는현실을미루어볼때,촬영반대안의 시력이 극히 저하되어 있는환자의 경우고정용시표를바라보지못함으로써 외부형시선고정용시표사용의 의미가저하될수있다.
[4] 또한,안저카메라또는형광안저카메라내부에시선고정용시표에 해당하는 광학계가존재하고카메라의 대물렌즈를통해해당시표를바라보게함으로써 사람의시축과카메라의 검출기의축을일치시키는내부형시선고정용시표도 사용한다.내부형시선고정용시표는해당시표를미세하게 X혹은 Y축으로 조정할수있으며 이로인해촬영안이움직이면그치우침만큼해당하는범위로 주변안저를조영 및촬영할수있는장치이다.상기내부형시선고정용시표는 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965 일반적으로카메라의조명축이나검출기의축에 빔스플리터를사용하여추가 광로를설정한뒤,몇장의조명렌즈와시표로구성된다.이러한방식은 오래전부터사용해오던것으로시선고정용시표에해당하는장치를설계하기 위해추가적인광경로를발생시키고이로인하여제품의무게와크기 및비용이 증가하는단점이 있고,추가광경로를생성하기 위한빔스플리터의투과율로 인하여 빔스플리터가삽입되는광경로에해당하는축 (예를들면조명축또는 검출기축)의신호가감소되어조명축의 경우더 밝은조명원이 필요하게되고 검출기축의경우더민감한이미징센서나더 밝은검출기의 광학계를필요로 하게되어결과적으로작동시간단축및비용이증가하게되는단점을유발한다.
[5] 따라서본발명은일반적으로사용되는내부형시선고정용시표가포함된
안저카메라또는형광안저카메라의문제점을해결하고효과적으로시선고정용 시표를촬영안의 망막에 맺히게하여선명하고고르게조영된안저사진을 획득하는데그목적이 있다.
발명의상세한설명
기술적과제
[6] 본발명은상기의문제점을해결하기위해서 안출된것으로서，본발명의
목적은내부형시선고정용시표를사용하여도추가적인빔스플리터를 사용하지 않는안저카메라또는형광안저카메라를제공하는것이다.
[7] 또한,본발명의목적은내부형시선고정용시표를사용하여도광경로를
증가시키지 않는안저카메라또는형광안저카메라를제공하는것이다.
[8] 또한,본발명의목적은시선고정용시표를안저카메라또는형광안저카메라 내부에 설계하여 전체광학계의성능을저하시키지 않아효과적으로고정용 시표를촬영안의 망막에 맺히게하고선명하고고르게조영된안저사진및형광 안저사진을획득하는것이다.
[9] 또한,본발명의목적은시선고정용시표를안저카메라또는형광안저카메라 내부에마련하여도추가로조명원을설치하거나더민감한이미징센서또는더 밝은검출기의광학계를필요로하지 않는안저카메라또는형광안저카메라를 제공하는것이다.
[10] 발명이해결하고자하는기술적과제들은이상에서 언급한기술적과제들로 제한되지 않으며,언급되지 않은또다른기술적과제들은아래의기재로부터본 발명이속하는기술분야에서통상의지식을가진자에게 명확하게 이해될수 있을것이다.
과제해결수단
[11] 본발명에 따른광로증가가없는내부시선고정용시표가마련된안저카메라 또는형광안저카메라는사람의시선을고정하기 위한시선고정용시표 광학계에 있어서,상기시표광학계는사람의시축을고정하기 위해광을 방출하는시표 (23); 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965
[12] 상기시표 (23)과동일한축선상에서상기시표 (23)뒤에마련되어상기
시표 (23)에서방출되는광을인입하는시표조명렌즈 (24);
[13] 상기시표 (23)및시표조명렌즈 (24)와동일한축선상에서상기
시표조명렌즈 (24)뒤에 나란히마련되어상기시표조절렌즈 (25)로부터 인출되는 광이 렌즈의초점거리 이내에위치하도록마련되는시표조절렌즈 (25);로 구성되고,
[14] 상기시표광학계에 ,
[15] 광을방출하는조명부 (10);
[16] 상기시표조명렌즈 (24)뒤에상기시표조명렌즈 (24)와동일한축선상에
마련되어상기시표 (23)및조명부 (10)에서 인입된광을일정출사각으로 조사하는조명렌즈 (30);
[17] 상기조명렌즈 (30)와평행한축에마련되어상기조명렌즈 (30)로부터 인입된 광을분할하는빔스플리터 (50);및
[18] 상기빔스플리터 (50)와동일한축선상에마련되어상기 빔스플리터 (50)에서 인입된광으로안저를조영한후되돌아오는안저의상을확대하는
대물렌즈 (60);를포함하는것을특징으로한다.
발명의효과
[19] 상기과제의 해결수단에 의해,본발명은내부형시선고정용시표를
사용하여도추가적인빔스플리터를사용하지 않는안저카메라또는
형광안저카메라를제공할수있다.
[2이 또한,본발명은내부형시선고정용시표를사용하여도광경로를증가시키지 않는안저카메라또는형광안저카메라를제공할수있다.
[21] 또한,본발명은시선고정용시표를안저카메라또는형광안저카메라내부에 설계하여 전체광학계의성능을저하시키지 않아효과적으로고정용시표를 촬영안의 망막에 맺히게하고선명하고고르게조영된안저사진및형광 안저사진을획득할수있다.
[22] 또한,본발명은시선고정용시표를안저카메라또는형광안저카메라내부에 마련하여도추가로조명원을설치하거나더 민감한이미징센서또는더 밝은 검출기의 광학계를필요로하지 않는안저카메라또는형광안저카메라를 제공할수있다.
[23] 또한,본발명의 내부시선고정용시표는산동혹은무산동안저카메라또는 형광안저카메라에모두적용할수있다.
[24] 또한,본발명장치를이용하여환자의시력과가장연관된황반부를정확하게 조영할수있으며,매방문마다같은영역의 영상을쉽게획득할수있어 이전 방문과비교하여 병변의 완화및악화유무를효과적으로알수있다.
[25] 또한,본발명장치를이용한형광안저카메라의 경우황반부의 같은위치를 지속적으로조용할수있어시간에 따른형광의 변화모습을유용하게파악할수 2020/175972 1»（：1/10公020/002965 있다.
도면의간단한설명
도 1은동죽조명 (coaxial illumination)안저카메라기본구성을나타낸 구성도이다.
도 2는본발명인광로증가가없는내부시선고정용시표가마련된안저카메라 또는형광안저카메라의구성도이다.
도 3은마스킹유닛 (21)의중앙부가리개 (212)앞에 설계한내부시선고정용 시표 (23)의광학계를나타낸구성도이다.
도 4는중앙부가리개 (212)를포함한조리개 형태의마스킹유닛 (21)의 일단부 (서와시표조절렌즈 (25)를수용하는고정유닛 (22)의 형태를나타낸 도면이다.
30] 도 5는본발명을이용하여시뮬레이션하였을때시표의 망막상 (L，)을나타낸 결과이다.
도 6은마스킹유닛 (21)을이용하여 생성된조명축시뮬레이션결과이다.
[32] 도 7은마스킹유닛 (21)을이용하여 생성된조명축시뮬레이션결과
그래프이다.
[33] 도 8은본발명인광로증가가없는내부시선고정용시표가마련된안저카메라 또는형광안저카메라의조명축과조명부 (10)의조명원이 대물렌즈 (60)에 비춰지는모습을나타낸사진이다.
도 9는마스킹유닛 (21)에 의해생성된각막 (A)과수정체 (피의조명
시뮬레이션을나타낸결과이다.
도 10은마스킹유닛 (21)의중앙부가리개 (212)에의해 생성된동공과 조명렌즈 (30)사이의조명시뮬레이션이다.
] ] ] ] ] ] ] 도 11은마스킹유닛 (21)에시표조절렌즈 (25)및시표조명렌즈 (24)를설치하여 456
222233337968 배치하기 전의구성이다.
[37] 도 12는마스킹유닛 (21)과시표조절렌즈 (25)및시표조명렌즈 (24)를설치하여 배치한모습을나타낸것이다.
[38] 도 13은마스킹유닛 (21)의중앙부가리개 (212)앞에 설계한내부시선고정용 시표 (23)의광학계의측면도이다.
[39] 도 14는본발명인안저카메라조명원을온 (on)하고,내부시선고정용
시표 (23)도온 (on)한경우촬영한정면사진이다.
[4이 도 15는본발명인안저카메라조명원을오프 (off)하고,내부시선고정용
시표 (23)도온 (on)한경우촬영한정면사진이다.
[41] 도 16마스킹유닛 (21)과고정유닛 (22)결합후거리조절을위한수동
메커니즘을설명하는일실시예도면이다.
[42] 도 17마스킹유닛 (21)과고정유닛 (22)결합후거리조절을위한수동또는자동 메커니즘을설명하는또다른일실시예도면이다. 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965
[43] 도 18(서는조명축이일치하지않는경우발생하는문제점을나타낸사진이고, 도 18(피는검출기축이일치되지않는경우발생하는문제점을나타낸 사진이다.
[44] 도 19는미러 (40)가없는본발명인광로증가가없는내부시선고정용시표가 마련된안저카메라또는형광안저카메라이다.
[45] 도 20시표 (23)를 01고1)를사용하였을때예시를나타낸사진이다.
[46] 도 21 2차원시표 (23)를사용하여다양한위치에서주시하여촬영한
안저사진이다.
[47] 도 22는본발명인안저카메라를이용하여안저를촬영하는방법을나타낸 순서도이다.
[48] 도 23은도 22에서적외선내 1)를온 (0 했을때촬영된안저의사진이다.
[49] 도 24는도 22에서백색내 1)를온 (0 했을때촬영된안저의사진이다.
발명의실시를위한최선의형태
[5이 본명세서에서사용되는용어에대해간략히설명하고,본발명에대해
구체적으로설명하기로한다.
[51] 본발명에서사용되는용어는본발명에서의기능을고려하면서가능한현재 널리사용되는일반적인용어들을선택하였으나,이는당분야에종사하는 기술자의의도또는판례,새로운기술의출현등에따라달라질수있다.따라서 본발명에서사용되는용어는단순한용어의명칭이아닌,그용어가가지는 의미와본발명의전반에걸친내용을토대로정의되어야한다.
[52] 명세서전체에서어떤부분이어떤구성요소를“포함”한다고할때,이는
특별히반대되는기재가없는한다른구성요소를제외하는것이아니라다른 구성요소를더포함할수있음을의미한다.
[53] 아래에서는첨부한도면을참고하여본발명의실시예에대하여본발명이 속하는기술분야에서통상의지식을가진자가용이하게실시할수있도록 상세히설명한다.그러나본발명은여러가지상이한형태로구현될수있으며 여기에서설명하는실시예에한정되지않는다.
[54] 본발명에대한해결하고자하는과제 ,과제의해결수단,발명의효과를포함한 구체적인사항들은다음에기재할실시 예및도면들에포함되어 있다.본 발명의이점및특징,그리고그것들을달성하는방법은첨부되는도면과함께 상세하게후술되어있는실시예들을참조하면명확해질것이다.
[55] 이하,첨부된도면을참조하여본발명을보다상세히설명하기로한다.
[56]
[57] 본발명인광로증가가없는내부시선고정용시표가마련된안저카메라또는 형광안저카메라는안저사진혹은형광안저사진촬영시황반부知! 및 중심와 6 를정확하게촬영하거나원하는주변부위를정확히촬영할수 있다.본발명은조명부 (10)에서인출되는광이망막에고르게분산되도록 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965 함으로써획득된안저영상및컬러안저영상의외곽이나모서리가어둡게 나오는비네팅 (\¾! 산1¾)현상을막는다.
[58] 또한,본발명은조명부 (10)에서인출되는광의조명축과시표 (23)에서
인출되는광의시축및상기빔스플리터 (50)에서인입된광으로안저를조영한 후되돌아오는광의검출기축이동일한축으로마련되는동축안저카메라및 컬러안저카메라를제조할수있다.
[59]
[6이 본발명인광로증가가없는내부시선고정용시표가마련된안저카메라또는 형광안저카메라는,도 2에나타난바와같이 ,사람의시선을고정하기위한 시선고정용시표광학계를포함하고,조명부 (10),조명렌즈 (30),빔스플리터 (50) 및대물렌즈 (60)를더포함하여구성되는것을특징으로한다.
[61] 상기시표광학계는,도 3및도 4에나타난바와같이,시표 (23),
시표조명렌즈 (24),시표조절렌즈 (25),마스킹유닛 (21)및고정유닛 (22)으로 구성된다.도 4는상기마스킹유닛 (21)및고정유닛 (22)의일단부를나타낸 것으로,상기마스킹유닛 (21)의일단부는상기조명부 (10)와마주보도록 마련되고,타단부는도 4(피의고정유닛 (22)과결합한다.상기마스킹유닛 (21)은 중공형의원형태로마련된마스킹구조물 (211)과상기마스킹구조물 (211)과 이격되어상기마스킹구조물 (211)의중공내부중앙에상기
중앙부가리개 (212)가마련되고상기중앙부가리개 (212)의중심은중공형으로 마련하되상기시표 (23)를수용할수있는시표홀 (231)과상기
시표조명렌즈 (241)가상기시표 (23)뒤에위치할수있도록상기
시표조명렌즈 (24)를수용하는오목형의시표조명렌즈홀 (241)이마련되는것이 바람직하다.또한,상기마스킹유닛 (21)의양측에는상기고정유닛 (22)과상기 마스킹유닛 (21)을결합할수있는거리조절홀 (214 214비가마련된다.
[62] 상기고정유닛 (22)은상기시표조절렌즈 (25)가상기시표조명렌즈 (24)뒤에 나란하게마련될수있도록상기시표조절렌즈 (25)를고정하는
시표조절렌즈홀 (251)이마련된다.보다구체적으로,도 4(비에나타난바와같이, 상기고정유닛 (22)은상기마스킹구조물 (21)중앙에수용되는상기
시표조명렌즈 (24)의일부를수용할수있도록오목한형태로마련되고중앙에는 상기시표조절렌즈 (25)가고정될수있도록상기시표조절렌즈홀 (251)이더 마련된다.또한,상기거리조절홀 (214 214비와맞대어거리조절용나사가 결합할수있도록고정유닛조절홀 (224 224비이마련된다.
[63] 도 11은상기마스킹유닛 (21)에상기시표조명렌즈 (24)가결합하고,상기
고정유닛 (22)에상기시표조절렌즈 (25)가결하한상태를나타낸사진이다.
[64] 먼저 ,상기시표 (23)은사람의시축을고정하기위해광을방출한다.상기
시표 (23)은다양한조명원이사용될수있다.일반적인가시광 1고0(400~65011111) 및 650~95011111에11 1대역)적외선 1止1)와같은점광원조명이일반적으로사용될 수있다.또한박막트랜지스터액정디스플레이 (1 -1乂：0),이방성도전 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965 필름 (쇼幻7),유기발광다이오드 (01止1))및플라스마디스플레이 와같은 평면디스플레이도사용할수있다.또한해당조명원은광신호전달이가능한 광섬유도사용할수있다.상기시표홀 (231)에결합되는시표 (23)는일반적으로 소형 1고1)가위치할수있으며상기 1乂¾ 01止1)와같은 2차원디스플레이 장치를배치할수있다.상기시표 (23)에서출발한광원은최종적으로망막의 황반부및중심와에도달하여시선고정을위한광원으로사용된다.상기 시표 (23)를광섬유와같은정삼점광원을사용하는경우상기시표홀 (231)의 크기는 500 로마련될수있고,상기시표 (23)를상기 1止1)로사용하는경우 50·가바람직하다.또한,상기시표 (23)를상기 1乂正)와같은 2차원점광원으로 사용하는경우상기시표홀 (231)은상기마스킹구조물 (211)의크기까지그 크기를확장할수있다.상기시표 (23)은상기시표조절렌즈 (25)의초점거리 부근에배치한후,그빛을모아상기시표조명렌즈 (24)를통과하도록한다.이후 상기조명렌즈 (30)와대물렌즈 (60)를거쳐망막에상이맺도록한다.이빛은 안저카메라의조명축과검출기축을분리하는빔스플리터 (50)혹은
빔스플리터 (50)와미러 (40)를지나갈수있다.
[65]
[66] 다음으로,상기시표조명렌즈 (24)는상기시표 (23)과동일한축선상에서상기 시표 (23)뒤에마련되어상기시표 (23)에서방출되는광을인입한다.근시안혹은 원시안에따라망막의위치는상기대물렌즈 (60)에서그거리가달라질수있다. 따라서가장선명한시표 (23)의상을망막에인가하기위해상기
시표조명렌즈 (24)는조명축방향으로앞뒤로움직여조절가능하도록설계할수 있다.도 11에나타난바와같이,이조정은리니어모터,회전하는모터에서 나사산의전진및후진으로의구현혹은검사자의손으로수동으로앞뒤로 조절하도록설계가능하다.
[67] 또한상기시표 (23)의상을망막주변부에인가하면,주시안은이시표 (23)을 중심와에위치시키기위해서안구를회전하게되고,따라서해당회전방향에 해당하는주변부망막을조영할수있다.이러한원리를구현하기위해상기 시표조명렌즈 (24)는광축을중심으로기울어질수있다.이또한회전하는모터 혹은수동으로조절할수있도록설계할수있다.
[68] 또한시표 (23)자체를광축에서벗어나는방향으로이동시킴으로써망막의 주변부를조사할수있다.상기광축에서벗어난시표 (23)의상은망막의 주변부에상이맺히고상기시표조명렌즈 (24)를회전한것과같은효과를얻을 수있다.이러한방식은점상점광원의위치를광축에수직한평면의한점으로 이동시킴으로써가능하다.도 3에나타난바와같이，평면시표 (23)의경우 광축에해당하는픽셀을점등하면중심와및황반부에시표 (23)의조명이인가될 수있고,광축의주변부에해당하는픽셀을점등하면안구를회전시켜주변부의 망막에조명이인가될수있다. 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965 이 다음으로,상기시표조절렌즈 (25)는,도 3에나타난바와같이,상기시표 (23)및 시표조명렌즈 (24)와동일한축선상에서상기시표조명렌즈 (24)뒤에나란히 마련되어상기시표조절렌즈 (25)로부터인출되는광이렌즈의초점거리이내에 위치하도록구성된다.즉,시표 (23),시표조명렌즈 (24),시표조절렌즈 (25)로 나란하게위치하여상기시표 (23)이중앙부가리개 (212)와시표조절렌즈 (25) 사이에위치한다.
1] 또한,상기대물렌즈 (60)의초점거리가 25_인경우초점거리가 10111111인 5111111
Figure imgf000010_0001
5111111직경의상기 시표조절렌즈 (25)를사용하는경우에상기두렌즈가 10_떨어지면정시안은 망막중심에서 40011111의스팟이형성 (도 5)된다.상기시표조명렌즈 (24)와 시표조절렌즈 (25)는단일구면렌즈,비구면렌즈및색지움렌즈로구성될수 있으며,이들의조합으로구성될수있다.
2] 중심와에병변이없는환자의경우 40011111의스팟은중심주시를하기에
충분한스팟크기이지만,황반원공,황반변성,스타가르트병및중심시야가 저하된녹내장환자및선척색각이상환자들을위해상기시표조명렌즈 (24)와 시표조절렌즈 (25)의거리를조절하여스팟크기는 300011111까지증가시킬수 있다.
3] 상기스팟은안저의시축중심인중심와전체를조영하도록설계한다.
중심와는직경 40011111의무혈관대로맥락막모세혈관에서영양공급을받는 부위이며해부학적으로약직격 35011111의함몰부인중심와로구성되어있다. 따라서정상안의경우상기스팟크기는 40011111수준이적절한다.상기스팟의 크기가너무커지면안저로많은빛이유입되어비산동안저카메라의경우 축동을야기시킬수있는단점과검사후광시증을유발하는단점이있다.
중심와에병변이없는환자의경우 40011111의스팟은중심주시를하기에충분한 스팟의크기지만,황반원공,황반변성,스타가르트병및중심시야가저하된 녹내장환자및선척색각이상환자들을위해상기시표조명렌즈 (24)와
시표조절렌즈 (25)의거리를조절하여상기스팟크기는황반의범위에해당하는 300011111까지증가시킬수있다.
[74] 도 20은조소형 01止1)의 예시로,도 20(서와같이상기시표 (23)를 2차원
디스플레이장치인 01止1)를사용하는경우각픽셀을제어함으로써환자의주시 방향을바꿀수있으며 ,이를통해안저의다양한부위를촬영할수있다.다양한 부위를촬영후이를합성하면더넓은화각의안저를조영할수있다.상기도 20(피는상기 01고1)를도시화한사진으로,가장정중앙의쇼픽셀만 ON하면 시축은안저카메라와정렬되며안저의정중앙을촬영할수있다. 3픽셀만 ON 하면안저가가측으로치우치게되고안저의가측을촬영할수있으며， 0픽셀만 ON하면안저의상가측을촬영할수있다.
5]
6] 다음으로,상기마스킹유닛 (21)은일측에서각막과수정체의중앙부로 2020/175972 1»（：1/10公020/002965 조명부 (10)의광이 입사되지 않도록막는중앙부가리개 (212)를포함하고,상기 중앙부가리개 (212)의타측에서상기시표조절렌즈 (25)를중앙에삽입할수 있도록마련된다.상기마스킹유닛 (21)은각막과수정체의중앙부로는광이 입사되지 않지만주변부로는입사되도록하여사람의각막과수정체에의해 굴절된후망막을고르게조영하도록구성된다.
보다구체적으로,도 4에나타난바와같이,상기마스킹유닛 (21)은
마스킹구조물 (211),중앙부가리개 (212)및스파이더부 (213)로구성된다.상기 마스킹구조물 (211)은조리개 형태로중공형의 원기둥형으로마련되어 있으며, 상기마스킹구조물 (211)내부에상기중앙부가리개 (212)가마련되고상기 중앙부가리개 (212)와상기마스킹구조물 (211)을연결하는스파이더부 (213)로 구성된다.
[78] 상기중앙부가리개 (212)는각막반사를최소화하기위해동축의중심으로
입사하는광을줄이기 위한장치이다.상기중앙부가리개 (212)의 최소크기는 아래에 설명할대물렌즈 (60)의초점거리에 따라달라지지만일반적으로는 반지름이 2.0내지 5.0mm인것이 바람직하며,상기중앙부가리개 (212)의 반지름이 2.0mm미만인경우상기각막및수정체중앙부로빛이 입사될우려가 있고상기중앙부가리개 (212)의반지름이 5.0mm를초과할경우상기 각막과 수정체의주변부로빛이고르게 입사되지못할우려가있으므로상기조건으로 실시하는것이바람직하다.또한,상기중앙부가리개 (212)는스티커방식으로 확산렌즈 (20)의 앞면혹은뒷면에붙일수있으며유성혹은수성펜으로상기 확산렌즈 (20)의중심부에마킹할수도있다.
상기스파이더부 (213)는그날이다수개로다양하게설계할수있으며,개수가 많아질수록안정성은증가하나,광량이감소하고회절상이 발생하는문제점이 있다.또한,상기 회절상을줄이기 위해서,도 11에 나타난바와같이,상기
2o11
7 7888791 스파이더부 (213)를곡선형태로구현할수있다. 또한,본발명은,도 2에나타난바와같이,상기시표광학계에조명부 (10), 확산렌즈 (20),조명렌즈 (30),빔스플리터 (50)및대물렌즈 (60)로구성된다.본 발명은상기조명부 (10)에서 인출되는광의조명축과상기시표 (23)에서 인출되는광의시축및상기 빔스플리터 (50)에서 인입된광으로안저를조영한 후되돌아오는광의 검출기축이동일한축인동축 (coaxial)으로마련되는것이 바람직하다.
먼저,상기조명부 (10)는광을방출한다.상기조명부 (10)는제논램프또는 발광다이오드기반으로한다.상기조명부 (10)는기존의동측조명 (coaxial illumination)에사용되는것과동일하므로호환성을증가시킬수있다.
83] 상기조명부 (10)는안저 촬영을위해가시광대역의발광다이오드를사용할 수도있으며,근적외선안저 촬영을위해 700~1000nm범위의 방출스펙트럼을 가지는발광다이오드를사용할수있다.또한형광안저촬영을위해 450~500nm 2020/175972 1»（：1/10公020/002965 폭은 700 80011111의좁은스펙트럼 영역의 방출선을갖는발광다이오드등모든 종류의 발광다이오드를사용할수있다. 다음으로,상기확산렌즈 (20)는상기조명부 (10)에서 인입된광을확산한다. 상기 확산렌즈 (20)에서 방출되는광은상기마스킹유닛 (21)를통과하므로상기 마스킹유닛 (21)에의해광을조절할수있다.
[86]
[87] 다음으로,상기조명렌즈 (30)는상기시표조명렌즈 (24)뒤에상기
시표조명렌즈 (24)와동일한축선상에마련되어상기시표 (23)및
조명부 (10)에서 인입된광을일정출사각으로조사한다.상기조명렌즈 (30)에 의해상기확산렌즈 (20)에서 인입된광이더욱선명하고일정하게 인출되도록 한다. 다음으로,상기미러 (40)는상기조명렌즈 (30)에서 인입된광을반사한다.상기 미러 (40)는카메라와동측에조명을위치하기위해서 필요한구조물로, 안저카메라의 광학적성능에는영향을미치지 않는다.
[9이 카메라와수직으로조명을배치하는경우상기 미러 (40)는필요하지 않다.또한 조명부 (10)가가시광선및근적외선을포함한한개 이상인경우상기 미러 (40) 대신한개의 빔스플리터 (50)와두개의다른조명부 (10)를사용으로성질이다른 두빛을빔스플리터 (50)로입사시킬수있다.상기미러 (40)는상기
조명렌즈 (30)에서 인입된광의방향을바꾸어상기 빔스플리터 (50)로인출한다. 다음으로,상기빔스플리터 (50)는상기조명렌즈 (30)와평행한축에마련되어
]] ]] ]] 상기조명렌즈 (30)로부터 인입된광을분할한다.상기빔스플리터 (50)는상기 942581
99 9888841 조명부 (10)에서 인출된광의조명축과검출기로인입되는광의검출기축을
분리한다.
[93] 상기빔스플리터 (50)를편광빔스플리터로사용하는경우,상기 미러 (40)에서 인입된광에서 I5편광은투과하고 8편광은반사한다.보다구체적으로모든 광원은 I5편광에해당하는광원과 8편광에해당하는광원이섞여 있으며,상기 광원은편광빔스플리터 (50)에 의해상기 I5편광에 해당하는광은통과하고,상기 8편광에 해당하는광은광축의 90도로꺾인부분으로반사된다.한편, 비편광빔스플리터는편광빔스플리터와같은원리가적용되지 않는다.
상기빔스플리터 (50)는매우얇은필름재질혹은단일정사각형,직사각형 혹은원형의유리 재질도가능하며,프리즘두개를결합한정육면체 (0 노) 편광빔스플리터도사용가능하다.특히상기프리즘두개를결합한
정육면체 ((： 노)편광빔스플리터는경계면에서굴절되어다시광축으로 입사되는광이작아깨끗한상을얻을수있는것이장점이다.
[95] 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965
[96] 다음으로,상기대물렌즈 (60)는상기빔스플리터 (50)와동일한축선상에
마련되어상기빔스플리터 (50)에서인입된광으로안저를조영한후되돌아오는 안저의상을확대한다.
[97]
[98] 다음으로,상기대물렌즈 (60)에서인출되는광에서상기검출되는시표의
망막상 (니사이에근거리접안렌즈를사용하는경우,상기근거리접안렌즈는 상기대물렌즈 (60)에의해확대된안저의상을축소하여사용자가상기시표의 망막상 (ᄂ ’)을확인한다.
[99]
[10이 도 6은상기마스킹유닛 (21)을사용한경우생성된조명축의시뮬레이션
예시를나타낸것으로,도 4에제시한중앙부가리개 (212)를포함하는조리개 형태의마스킹유닛 (21)이각막과수정체의중앙부에는어두운음영을형성한다. 도 6에표시한人 (:는각각도 7의人 (:그래프에해당한다.상기어두운 음영은상기각막의약간앞쪽 (도 6에서쇼표시부분및도 7에서서부터도 6에 붉은색화살표로표시한수정체의뒤쪽까지형성된다.
[101] 도 7에나타난바와같이,상기마스킹유닛 (21)을사용한경우도넛링형태의 조명이상기각막앞쪽으로입사되고상기수정체에서 7.5111111떨어진
유리체에서빛이모인후 (도 ),상기망막에서는고르게분산 (도 70된다.도 8은실제로구현한안저카메라또는형광안저카메라에서상기조명축과상기 조명부 (10)가상기대물렌즈 (60)에서비춰지는모습을도시하였다.
[102] 도 9는상기마스킹유닛 (21)에의해생성된조명부 (10)의시뮬레이션예시로, 도 9쇼는사람의눈이없는경우상기마스킹유닛 (21)에의해생성된도넛모양의 조명이발산되나,도 96는사람의눈이있는경우상기각막과수정체의 주변부에서굴절되어상기각막과수정체를통과한조명이모여망막을고르게 조영함을알수있다.
[103] 도 10은상기마스킹유닛 (21)의중앙부가리개 (212)에의해생성된동공과
하기에상기조명렌즈 (30)사이의조명시뮬레이션예시를나타낸것으로,도 쇼는상기마스킹유닛 (21)과조명렌즈 (30)사이의조명부 (10)에의한밝기를 축으로도시한시뮬레이션결과이다.상기마스킹유닛 (21)앞쪽으로상기 마스킹유닛 (21)의중앙부가리개 (212)에의해총알형태의어두운동공이 형성되며,이는조명렌즈 (30)의뒷면까지유지된다.상기동공영역을도
Figure imgf000013_0001
사각형으로표시하였다.상기내부시선고정용시표광학계는 노란사각형영역안에설계할수있다.이러한경우,안저를조영하는
조명부 (10)에영향을주지않으면서안저의중심인중심와및황반부에상기 시표 (23)을인가할수있다.설계가능한크기는상기마스킹유닛 (21)의내경보다 작은반경으로설계할수있으며지시조명에해당하는광로가길어질수록설계 가능한광학직경은상기마스킹유닛 (21)의중앙부가리개 (212)의직경보다약간 줄어들게된다. 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965
[104]
[105] 도 11은본발명의상기시표광학계를구현하여상기마스킹유닛 (21)과상기 시표조절렌즈 (25)및시표조명렌즈 (24)를사진으로나타낸것으로,상기 시표조명렌즈 (24)는상기시표조절렌즈 (25)앞에배치된다.
[106] 상기시표조명렌즈 (24)는사진에나타난바와같이 ,나사로고정할수있지만 상기시표조명렌즈 (24)를안저카메라의조명축에해당하는광축의앞뒤 방향으로이동하도록설계할수있으며조절방법은앞서설명한바와같은 방법으로수동및기계적인자동방법이모두가능하다.일반적인최적조절 범위는환자의눈에서가장선명하고밝게시표 (23)의스팟이형성되는 시점이다.하지만중심와와황반부에병변이있는황반원공,황반부를침범하는 유전성및퇴행성망막질환,황반변성환자의경우상기시표 (23)을오히려크게 하여병변바깥쪽을조영하는것이주시를위해서더도움이될수있어최적 조절범위를벗어난경우도임상적의미가있다.
[107]
[108] 도 12는상기마스킹유닛 (21)시표조절렌즈 (25),시표조명렌즈 (24)를구현한 것으로,상기시표 (23)을 1고1)로사용하는경우이다.상기 1止1)는모든가시광 대역의 1고1),인간의망막에겨우감지될수있는 85011111대역까지의적외선 1止1)도사용가능하며이러한점상조명원뿐만아니라평면조명원으로 시표 (23)을그림이나동영상으로대체할수있다.
[109] 도 13은상기마스킹유닛 (21)과마스킹유닛 (21)의중앙가리개앞에설계된 상기시표조절렌즈 (25),시표조명렌즈 (24)및시표 (23)을시현한것으로,상기 시표 (23)을동측안저카메라의조명축에삽입한모습이다.
[11이
[111] 도 14는상기조명부 (10)와상기시표 (23)을대물렌즈 (60)앞에서촬영한
경우이다.좌측은안저카메라조명을온 (0 하고상기시표 (23)도온 (0 한 경우이며 ,도 15는상기시표 (23)만온 (0 한경우이다.
[112] 상기시표 (23)이안저사진에영향을주는경우안저카메라의상기
조명부 (10)를인가하기바로직전에상기시표 (23)을오프 (0므印할수있다.혹은 상기시표 (23)을지속적으로온 (0비 -오프 (0므印하여점멸하도록한후,상기 오프 (0므印기간에상기조명부 (10)를온 (0 하여안저사진을획득할수있다.
[113] 형광안저카메라의경우형광이방출하는대역이외의조명원을상기
시표 (23)로사용한다면언제든지점등할수있다.반면형광이방출하는대역 이외의조명원을상기시표 (23)로사용한다면앞서설명한방법으로상기 시표 (23)이오프 (0므印되었을경우에형광안저카메라의조명부 (10)를온 (0 하여형광안저사진을획득할수있다.
[114]
[115] 도 16은상기마스킹유닛 (21)과상기고정유닛 (22)이결합되어거리를조절할 수있는수동조절메커니즘의일실시예를나타낸것으로,상기 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965 거리조절홀 (214 214비과상기고정유닛조절홀 (224 224비에함께결합하는 결합나사가먼저결합되면상기고정유닛 (22)의측면에마련된홀에결합된 고정빔 (222)을통해사용자가상기고정유닛 (22)의거리를조절한다.즉,상기 고정빔 (222)이상기고정유닛 (22)에결합되어상기고정유닛 (22)에결합된 시표조절렌즈 (25)를이동하며앞뒤로움직이다.이를통해상기시표 (23)는최적 초점거리에서중심와를조명하고,최적초점거리에서벗어난지점에서는 스팟의크기가커져중심와보다더넓은황반부를조명하게된다.상기수동 조절메커니즘의한예시로,도 16의도시처럼상기시표조절렌즈 (25)에결합된 고정유닛 (22)에연결된고정빔 (222)을안저카메라의바깥에서앞으로밀거나 안으로당기는방법을통하여조절할수있다.
[116]
[117] 도 17은상기마스킹유닛 (21)과상기고정유닛 (22)이결합되어거리를조절할 수있는수동조절메커니즘의또다른일실시예를나타낸것으로,상기
시표조절렌즈 (25)가결합된고정유닛 (22)에연결된고정빔 (222)을상기
안저카메라의바깥에서회전시키는방법을통해상기시표조명렌즈 (24)와 시표조절렌즈 (25)의거리를조절할수있다.이경우상기거리조절홀 (214 214비과상기고정유닛조절홀 (224 224비에함께결합하는결합나사는필요 없으며,도 17에나타난바와같이상기마스킹유닛 (21)과고정유닛 (22)자체가 회전에의해결합및해체가가능한암나사및수나사탭으로마련되어회전을 통해상기시표조명렌즈 (24)와시표조절렌즈 (25)의거리를조절할수있다.또한, 상기암나사및수나사탭은상기고정빔 (222)을통해수동으로조절될수있으나, 이러한회전운동은모터에의해정교하게제어함으로써자동조절
메커니즘으로변환할수있다.상기시표 (23)가맺힌망막상의영상을획득한후 상기시표 (23)의크기가최소로되는지점으로상기상기고정유닛 (22)을회전 혹은역회전시킴으로서상기기능이가능하다.
[118]
[119] 도 18은본발명과는달리조명축이일치하지않은경우한쪽방향으로과도한 조명이인가되어안저영상데이터가소실되는경우 (도 18(서를나타낸것이며, 검출기축이일치되지않은경우 (도 18(6))해당방향으로비네팅이심하게 관찰되어어둡게촬영되어안저영상데이터가소실되는경우가발생한다.
[12이 본발명의경우시표고정용상기시표 (23)가마련되어 있어안저카메라와
시축이일치하면검출기의축과조명의축및사람의시축이일치하게되어가장 선명하고고르게조영된안저사진을획득할수있다.
[121]
[122] 도 19는본발명의또다른실시예에대한것으로,도 2의경우상기미러 (40)가 마련되어 있어도 13의사진과같이일자형으로구성할수있으나,도 19의경우 상기미러 (40)가마련되어있지않아상기빔스플리터 (50)에의해상기
조명부 (10)의광을반사시켜수직방향으로꺾이게마련되면서전체적으로 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965 뒤집힌 I형으로구성된다.즉,상기조명부 (10),확산렌즈 (20),마스킹유닛 (21), 고정유닛 (22),조명렌즈 (30)를조명유닛이라명명할때,상기조명유닛은상기 빔스플리터 (50)와수직되도록마련된다.
[123] 상기미러 (40)가존재하는경우일자형으로구성되어상기안저카메라의
크기가작아지는장점이 있으며연필처럼잡고안저사진을촬영할수있는 장점이 있다.한편,상기미러 (40)가존재하지않는경우도 19와같이 I형으로 구성될수있고상기조명유닛을손으로잡을수있는편리함이있다.상기 미러 (40)의유무에관계없이상기시표 (23)는상기확산렌즈 (20)와조명렌즈 (30) 사이에상기마스킹유닛 (21)과함께마련된다.
[124]
[125] 도 21은상기시표 (22)를 2차원시표로사용하여촬영한안저사진의예시로,도 21(서는정중앙을주시， 21여)는내측을주시， 21(0는외상측을주시， 21(1))는 외하측을주시하여안저사진을획득하였다.상기각측면을주시하여촬영한 안저사진을조합하여 21(¾와같이화각이매우큰안저사진을획득할수있다.
[126]
[127] 본발명인광로증가가없는내부시선고정용시표가마련된안저카메라또는 형광안저카메라를이용하여안저사진을촬영하는방법은도 22에나타난바와 같다.
[128] 먼저,제 1단계 10)는상기안저카메라의전원을온 (0 한다.상기
제 1단계 10)에서상기안저카메라의전원을온 (0 하면상기시표 (23)또는 상기안저카메라의표시부 (디스플레이 )가점멸하고프리뷰
Figure imgf000016_0001
모드로 진입한다.
[129] 다음으로,제 2단계 20)는촬영을시작한다.상기제 2단계 20)에서촬영을 시작하면환자는상기점멸하는시선고정용시표 (23) 1고1)를주시하게되고 검사자는상기안저카메라와상기환자의눈과의거리를조절하고상기 안저카메라의방향을조절하는화각을조절한다.또한,상기검사자는초점을 조절하고노출을조절한다.
[13이 다음으로,제 3단계 30)는적외선 1고[)를온 (0 한다.상기제 3단계 30)는 적외선 1고1)만을온 (0明하여도 23의적외선안저사진데이터를획득한다.상기 적외선안저사진은최소 1장에서최대 4장을촬영하는것이바람직하고 2001패 이내로촬영하는것이바람직하다.
[131] 다음으로,제 4단계 40)는모든조명을 1차오프 (0므印한다.상기
제 4단계 40)에서모든조명을오프 (0므印하여상기환자의동공을최대로하여 최대산동상태를유지한다.상기제 4단계 40)는 2001패내지 5001패로실시한다.
[132] 다음으로,제 5단계 50)는백색 1고[)를온 (0 한다.상기제 5단계 50)에서 백색 1고1)를온 (0明하여도 24와같이칼라안저사진데이터를획득한다.상기 칼라안저사진은최소 4장에서최대 16장을촬영하는것이바람직하고 2001패 내지 5001^동안촬영하는것이바람직하다. 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965
[133] 다음으로,제 6단계 (S60)는모든조명을 2차오프 (OFF)한다.상기
제 6단계 (S60)에서모든조명을 2차오프 (OFF)하여상기환자의동공을 재확장하고,상기획득한안저사진의 LCD표시부 (디스플레이)에표시한다.
[134] 상기제 3단계 (S30)에서적외선을안저사진을획득한후제 5단계 (S50)에서칼라 안저사진을획득하게되는데,이는비산동안저카메라에 있어서적외선은 동공수축이반응하지않으므로최대산동을유발할수있다.따라서이후 가시광인백색 LED를인가하여안저사진을획득한다.산동안저카메라의 경우에도가시광자체가눈부심의불편감을유발하기때문에가시광을 인가하기전적외선으로안저의화각과초점을미리확인후촬영직전에만 가시광을인가한다.따라서상기제 3단계 (S30)에서적외선을안저사진을획득한 후제 5단계 (S50)에서칼라안저사진을각각획득하여비산동또는산동 안저카메라에서발생할수있는각각의문제점을해결한다.다만,상기 형광안저카메라는이러한문제점을유발하지않는다.
[135] 상기제 3단계 (S30)와제 5단계 (S50)에서여러장수로촬영하여여러안저
이미지들에서평균적으로노이즈를줄인다.그러나너무많이촬영하여 합산하는경우더많은가시광이눈에인가되어불편함을유발할수있고그 사이눈이움직이면서평균시해상도가떨어지는단점이있다.시료를 주시하더라도눈이시표를바라보면서정지하는것이아니라 saccadic움직임이 발생하므로여러장을촬영하되바람직하게는 50ms이내로촬영하여눈의고유 운동을극복하고촬영할수있다.
[136]
[137] 상기과제의해결수단에의해,본발명은내부형시선고정용시표 (23)을
사용하여도추가적인빔스플리터 (50)를사용하지않는안저카메라또는 형광안저카메라를제공할수있다.
[138] 또한,본발명은내부형시선고정용시표 (23)을사용하여도광경로를
증가시키지않는안저카메라또는형광안저카메라를제공할수있다.
[139] 또한,본발명은시선고정용시표 (23)을안저카메라또는형광안저카메라 내부에설계하여전체광학계의성능을저하시키지않아효과적으로고정용 시표 (23)을촬영안의망막에맺히게하고선명하고고르게조영된안저사진및 형광안저사진을획득할수있다.
[140] 또한,본발명의목적은시선고정용시표 (23)을안저카메라또는
형광안저카메라내부에마련하여도추가로조명원을설치하거나더민감한 이미징센서또는더밝은검출기의광학계를필요로하지않는안저카메라또는 형광안저카메라를제공할수있다.
[141]
[142] 이와같이 ,상술한본발명의기술적구성은본발명이속하는기술분야의
당업자가본발명의그기술적사상이나필수적특징을변경하지않고서다른 구체적인형태로실시될수있다는것을이해할수있을것이다. 0 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965
[143] 그러므로이상에서 기술한실시예들은모든면에서 예시적인것이며 한정적인 것이 아닌것으로서 이해되어야하고,본발명의 범위는상기상세한설명보다는 후술하는특허청구범위에의하여 나타나며，특허청구범위의의미 및범위 그리고그등가개념으로부터도출되는모든변경또는변형된형태가본발명의 범위에포함되는것으로해석되어야한다.
[144]
[145] [부호의 설명]
[146] 10.조명부
[147] 20.확산렌즈
[148] 21.마스킹유닛
[149] 211.마스킹구조물
[15이 212.중앙부가리개
[151] 213.스파이더부
[152] 21如, 21415.거리조절홀
[153] 22.고정유닛
[154] 221山22比 .조절나사
[155] 222.고정빔
[156] 224 22415.고정유닛조절홀
[157] 23.시표
[158] 앴1.시표홀
[159] 24.시표조명렌즈
[160] 1.시표조명렌즈홀
[161] 25.시표조절렌즈
[162] 251.시표조절렌즈홀
[163] 30.조명렌즈
[164] 40.미러
[165] 50.빔스플리터
[166] 60.대물렌즈
[167] ’.시표의 망막상
[168] 810.안저카메라또는형광안저카메라의 전원을온（0 하는제 1단계
[ 169] 820.촬영을시작하는제 2단계
[17이 830.적외선 1止[）를온（0 하는제 3단계
[171] 840.모든조명을 1차오프（0므印하는제 4단계
[172] 850.백색 1止1）를온（0 하는제 5단계
[173] 860.모든조명을 2차오프（0므印하는제 6단계

Claims

2020/175972 1»（：1/10公020/002965 청구범위
[청구항 1] 사람의시선을고정하기위한시선고정용시표광학계에 있어서,
상기시표광학계는
사람의시축을고정하기위해광을방출하는시표 (23);
상기시표 (23)과동일한축선상에서상기시표 (23)뒤에마련되어상기 시표 (23)에서방출되는광을인입하는시표조명렌즈 (24); 상기시표 (23)및시표조명렌즈 (24)와동일한축선상에서상기 시표조명렌즈 (24)뒤에나란히마련되어상기시표조절렌즈 (25)로부터 인출되는광이렌즈의초점거리이내에위치하도록마련되는
시표조절렌즈 (25);로구성되고,
상기시표광학계에 ,
광을방출하는조명부 (10);
상기시표조명렌즈 (24)뒤에상기시표조명렌즈 (24)와동일한축선상에 마련되어상기시표 (23)및조명부 (10)에서인입된광을일정출사각으로 조사하는조명렌즈 (30);
상기조명렌즈 (30)와평행한축에마련되어상기조명렌즈 (30)로부터 인입된광을분할하는빔스플리터 (50);및
상기빔스플리터 (50)와동일한축선상에마련되어상기 빔스플리터 (50)에서인입된광으로안저를조영한후되돌아오는안저의 상을확대하는대물렌즈 (60);를포함하는것을특징으로하는광로 증가가없는내부시선고정용시표가마련된안저카메라또는
형광안저카메라.
[청구항 2] 제 1항에있어서,
상기시표 (23)는,
점광원조명또는평면디스플레이인것을특징으로하는광로증가가 없는내부시선고정용시표가마련된안저카메라또는형광안저카메라.
[청구항 3] 제 1항에있어서,
상기빔스플리터 (50)는,
상기조명부 (10)에서인출된광의조명축과검출기로인입되는광의 검출기축을분리하는것을특징으로하는광로증가가없는내부 시선고정용시표가마련된안저카메라또는형광안저카메라.
[청구항 4] 제 1항에있어서,
상기조명부 (10)에서인출되는광의조명축과,
상기시표 (23)에서인출되는광의시축과,
상기빔스플리터 (50)에서인입된광으로안저를조영한후되돌아오는 광의검출기축이동일한축인것을특징으로하는광로증가가없는내부 시선고정용시표가마련된안저카메라또는형광안저카메라. 2020/175972 1»（：1^1{2020/002965
[청구항 5] 제 1항에있어서,
일측에서각막과수정체의중앙부로조명부 (10)의광이입사되지않도록 막는중앙부가리개 (212)를포함하고상기중앙부가리개 (212)중앙에상기 시표 (23)와상기시표조명렌즈 (24)를삽입하도록마련된마스킹유닛 (21); 및
상기중앙부가리개 (212)의타측에서상기시표조절렌즈 (25)를중앙에 삽입하도록고정하는고정유닛 (22);을더포함하고,
상기마스킹유닛 (21)과고정유닛 (22)간의거리를조절하여상기 시표조명렌즈 (24)와시표조절렌즈 (25)간의거리를조정하는것을 특징으로하는광로증가가없는내부시선고정용시표가마련된 안저카메라또는형광안저카메라.
PCT/KR2020/002965 2019-02-28 2020-03-02 광로 증가가 없는 내부 시선고정용 시표가 마련된 안저카메라 또는 형광안저카메라 WO2020175972A1 (ko)

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JP6084284B2 (ja) * 2012-03-21 2017-02-22 オプトメッド オサケ ユキチュア 眼球を画像化するための装置及び方法
JP2018051036A (ja) * 2016-09-29 2018-04-05 株式会社ニデック 眼底撮影装置
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US20140002795A1 (en) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-02 Nidek Co., Ltd. Fundus photographing apparatus
JP2013138962A (ja) * 2013-04-18 2013-07-18 Canon Inc 眼科装置
JP2018051036A (ja) * 2016-09-29 2018-04-05 株式会社ニデック 眼底撮影装置
KR20190005485A (ko) * 2017-07-07 2019-01-16 부산대학교병원 내부 반사를 효과적으로 억제하기 위한 편광 빔 스플리터와 선형 편광필터를 사용한 안저카메라

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