WO2020133802A1 - 扬声组件以及扬声器 - Google Patents

扬声组件以及扬声器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020133802A1
WO2020133802A1 PCT/CN2019/082278 CN2019082278W WO2020133802A1 WO 2020133802 A1 WO2020133802 A1 WO 2020133802A1 CN 2019082278 W CN2019082278 W CN 2019082278W WO 2020133802 A1 WO2020133802 A1 WO 2020133802A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
wall
voice coil
diaphragm
ring magnet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/082278
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
廖昀
董波
Original Assignee
安克创新科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 安克创新科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 安克创新科技股份有限公司
Priority to JP2021536258A priority Critical patent/JP7238137B2/ja
Priority to EP19903387.9A priority patent/EP3905713A4/en
Publication of WO2020133802A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020133802A1/zh
Priority to US17/339,466 priority patent/US11470423B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/24—Structural combinations of separate transducers or of two parts of the same transducer and responsive respectively to two or more frequency ranges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R11/00—Transducers of moving-armature or moving-core type
    • H04R11/02—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of speakers, in particular to a speaker assembly and a speaker.
  • Dynamic coil is a transducing mode of the speaker.
  • the driving mode of the moving coil earphone is that the voice coil in the permanent magnetic field drives the vibration of the diaphragm connected thereto, thereby realizing the sound of the earphone.
  • the voice coil inside the moving iron earphone is wound around a balanced armature located in the center of the permanent magnetic field. The balanced armature drives the diaphragm to sound under the action of the magnetic force.
  • the technical problem mainly solved by the present application is to provide a speaker assembly and a speaker, which can improve the sound quality of the speaker.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present application is to provide a speaker assembly, the speaker assembly includes a cavity, a diaphragm and a moving iron piece, the periphery of the diaphragm is connected to the inner wall of the cavity, and the diaphragm A voice coil is provided on one side, and the voice coil is used to drive the diaphragm to vibrate.
  • the moving iron piece is disposed relative to the cavity, and is located on the side of the diaphragm where the voice coil is disposed.
  • the direction of the automatic iron piece away from the diaphragm is the sound output direction of the speaker assembly.
  • the speaker assembly further includes a magnet and a receiving cavity, both of which are located on the side of the diaphragm where the voice coil is provided and fixed in the cavity; the magnet is disposed on the side of the voice coil, An opening is provided on one side of the accommodating cavity, and the direction of the opening is the same as the direction of sound emission, and the moving iron piece is at least partially located in the accommodating cavity.
  • the magnet is a ring magnet
  • the outer side of the ring magnet is adjacent to the inner wall of the cavity
  • the receiving cavity is located at the center of the ring magnet
  • the speaker assembly is provided with a voice coil cavity, the voice coil cavity is used to accommodate at least part of the voice coil, voice
  • the ring cavity is located between the ring magnet and the receiving cavity, or between the ring magnet and the inner wall of the cavity, or in the ring magnet.
  • the voice coil cavity has a ring shape surrounding the receiving cavity, and at least the end of the voice coil is embedded in the voice coil cavity.
  • the outer wall of the ring magnet is in contact with the inner wall of the cavity, the space between the inner wall of the ring magnet and the outer wall corresponding to the receiving cavity forms a voice coil cavity; or the inner wall of the ring magnet is in contact with the outer wall of the receiving cavity, The space between the outer wall of the ring magnet and the inner wall of the cavity forms a voice coil cavity; or the ring magnet includes a nested outer ring magnet and an inner ring magnet, the inner wall of the inner ring magnet abuts the outer wall of the receiving cavity, and the outer wall of the outer ring magnet and the cavity The inner wall abuts, and the space between the inner wall of the outer ring magnet and the outer wall of the inner ring magnet forms a voice coil cavity.
  • a second through hole is opened at the bottom of the cavity of the receiving cavity, and the second through hole communicates with the space in the receiving cavity and the opening of the receiving cavity to form a second sound hole.
  • the opening edge of the accommodating cavity extends radially outward to form an extension portion, the extension portion abuts the inner wall of the cavity, and the side of the magnet facing the sound output direction abuts the inner surface of the extension portion;
  • a through hole, the first through hole communicates with the voice coil cavity to form a first sound output channel.
  • At least part of the accommodating cavity is composed of a magnetizer, and the magnetic permeability of the accommodating cavity is greater than the magnetic permeability of the atmosphere in the environment where the accommodating cavity is located.
  • the diaphragm includes a first flap corresponding to the receiving cavity, the side of the first flap adjacent to the receiving cavity is concave, and the receiving cavity is at least partially received in the concave first flap.
  • the cavity includes an axially connected first cavity and a second cavity, the radial cross-sectional area of the first cavity is greater than the radial cross-sectional area of the second cavity, the first cavity
  • the connecting part of the body and the second cavity forms a stepped connection part; the periphery of the diaphragm is connected to the inner wall of the first cavity or the inner wall of the stepped connection part, the moving iron piece is arranged in the second cavity; the stepped connection part is provided with a third sound hole And the third sound hole is located on the cavity extending from the connection position of the diaphragm to the inner wall of the cavity toward the second cavity.
  • a speaker including a speaker assembly
  • the speaker assembly includes a cavity, a diaphragm and a moving iron member, and the periphery of the diaphragm is connected to the cavity
  • the voice coil is provided on one side of the diaphragm, and the voice coil is used to drive the diaphragm to vibrate.
  • the moving iron piece is disposed relative to the cavity, and is located on the side of the diaphragm where the voice coil is disposed.
  • the direction of the automatic iron piece away from the diaphragm is the sound output direction of the speaker assembly.
  • the speaker assembly further includes a magnet and a receiving cavity, both of which are located on the side of the diaphragm where the voice coil is provided and fixed in the cavity; the magnet is disposed on the side of the voice coil, An opening is provided on one side of the accommodating cavity, and the direction of the opening is the same as the direction of sound emission, and the moving iron piece is at least partially located in the accommodating cavity.
  • the magnet is a ring magnet
  • the outer side of the ring magnet is adjacent to the inner wall of the cavity
  • the receiving cavity is located at the center of the ring magnet
  • the speaker assembly is provided with a voice coil cavity, the voice coil cavity is used to accommodate at least part of the voice coil, voice
  • the ring cavity is located between the ring magnet and the receiving cavity, or between the ring magnet and the inner wall of the cavity, or in the ring magnet.
  • the voice coil cavity has a ring shape surrounding the receiving cavity, and at least the end of the voice coil is embedded in the voice coil cavity.
  • the outer wall of the ring magnet is in contact with the inner wall of the cavity, the space between the inner wall of the ring magnet and the outer wall corresponding to the receiving cavity forms a voice coil cavity; or the inner wall of the ring magnet is in contact with the outer wall of the receiving cavity, The space between the outer wall of the ring magnet and the inner wall of the cavity forms a voice coil cavity; or the ring magnet includes a nested outer ring magnet and an inner ring magnet, the inner wall of the inner ring magnet abuts the outer wall of the receiving cavity, and the outer wall of the outer ring magnet and the cavity The inner wall abuts, and the space between the inner wall of the outer ring magnet and the outer wall of the inner ring magnet forms a voice coil cavity.
  • a second through hole is opened at the bottom of the cavity of the receiving cavity, and the second through hole communicates with the space in the receiving cavity and the opening of the receiving cavity to form a second sound hole.
  • the opening edge of the accommodating cavity extends radially outward to form an extension portion, the extension portion abuts the inner wall of the cavity, and the side of the magnet facing the sound output direction abuts the inner surface of the extension portion;
  • a through hole, the first through hole communicates with the voice coil cavity to form a first sound output channel.
  • At least part of the accommodating cavity is composed of a magnetizer, and the magnetic permeability of the accommodating cavity is greater than the magnetic permeability of the atmosphere in the environment where the accommodating cavity is located.
  • the diaphragm includes a first flap corresponding to the receiving cavity, the side of the first flap adjacent to the receiving cavity is concave, and the receiving cavity is at least partially received in the concave first flap.
  • the cavity includes an axially connected first cavity and a second cavity, the radial cross-sectional area of the first cavity is greater than the radial cross-sectional area of the second cavity, the first cavity
  • the connecting part of the body and the second cavity forms a stepped connection part; the periphery of the diaphragm is connected to the inner wall of the first cavity or the inner wall of the stepped connection part, the moving iron piece is arranged in the second cavity; the stepped connection part is provided with a third sound hole And the third sound hole is located on the cavity extending from the connection position of the diaphragm to the inner wall of the cavity toward the second cavity.
  • the beneficial effect of the present application is that, different from the prior art, the present application sets the moving iron piece relative to the cavity and is located on the side of the diaphragm where the voice coil is provided. That is, the voice coil of the diaphragm and the moving iron are arranged on the same side, which can allow the moving iron to be placed near the sound output position of the diaphragm to reduce the phase difference of the sound waves output by the moving iron and the diaphragm, thereby improving the moving iron
  • the separation of the sound output from the two components and the diaphragm improves the sound quality of the speaker.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the first embodiment of the speaker assembly of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the speaker assembly shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a second embodiment of a speaker assembly of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a third embodiment of a speaker assembly of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a fourth embodiment of a speaker assembly of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a fifth embodiment of the speaker assembly of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a speaker of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a speaker assembly including a cavity, a diaphragm, and a moving iron member, and the periphery of the diaphragm is connected
  • a voice coil is arranged on the inner wall of the cavity and on one side of the diaphragm.
  • the voice coil is used to drive the vibration of the diaphragm.
  • the moving iron is arranged relative to the cavity and is located on the side of the diaphragm where the voice coil is arranged. This is explained in detail below.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the first embodiment of the speaker assembly of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the speaker assembly shown in FIG.
  • the speaker assembly includes a cavity 1 and a diaphragm 2.
  • the diaphragm 2 may adopt the structure of a moving coil diaphragm in a conventional moving coil earphone.
  • the periphery of the diaphragm 2 is connected to the inner wall of the cavity 1, and a voice coil 21 is provided on one side of the diaphragm 2.
  • the voice coil 21 is placed in a magnetic field, and by supplying alternating current to the voice coil 21, the voice coil 21 is driven to move under the interaction of the magnetic field and the voice coil 21, thereby driving the diaphragm 2 to vibrate and make sound.
  • the speaker assembly further includes a moving iron piece 3.
  • the moving iron piece 3 is disposed relative to the cavity 1, and the moving iron piece 3 is located on the side of the diaphragm 2 where the voice coil 21 is provided.
  • the moving iron piece 3 can adopt the moving iron unit of the traditional moving iron earphone, and the sound output principle of the moving iron unit of the traditional moving iron earphone can also be adopted.
  • the diaphragm 2 and the moving iron piece 3 in this embodiment correspond to the conventional moving coil unit and moving iron unit, that is, the speaker assembly described in this embodiment is a coil iron speaker assembly.
  • the diaphragm 2 and the moving iron piece 3 can be respectively responsible for outputting sounds of different frequencies, for example, the diaphragm 2 is responsible for outputting low-frequency sounds, and the moving iron piece 3 is responsible for outputting high-frequency sounds, etc., which is not limited herein. .
  • the moving iron 3 and the voice coil 21 of the diaphragm 2 are arranged on the same side, which can allow the moving iron 3 to be placed near the sound output position of the diaphragm 2 to reduce both the moving iron 3 and the diaphragm 2
  • the phase difference of the output sound waves further improves the separation of the sounds of different frequencies output by both the moving iron 3 and the diaphragm 2 and improves the sound quality of the speaker.
  • the direction of the automatic iron piece 3 away from the diaphragm 2 is the sound output direction of the speaker assembly. That is to say, the direction in which the diaphragm 2 is provided with the voice coil 21 is its sound output direction. This is different from the diaphragm of the conventional moving coil unit, and the sound output direction is generally the direction of the side of the diaphragm where the voice coil is not provided, and the side of the diaphragm where the voice coil is provided is used to drive the vibration of the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm 2 described in this embodiment adopts the inverted method, and the diaphragm 2 is provided with the side (or back) of the voice coil 21 as the sound output position, because the moving iron 3 is the same as the voice coil 21 of the diaphragm 2 If it is installed on the side, the sound output direction of the moving iron 3 and the diaphragm 2 are consistent, and the diaphragm 2 itself will not block the sound of the moving iron 3.
  • the front side of the moving coil diaphragm faces the moving iron unit, and the sound output position of the moving iron unit can only be set away from the output position of the moving coil unit's diaphragm, causing The phase difference of the sound waves output by the coil unit and the moving iron unit is large.
  • a hole is formed in the center ball of the moving coil diaphragm and the moving iron unit is placed in the hole, so that although the moving iron unit has the sound output conditions, the moving coil vibrates
  • the hole in the center of the membrane makes the sound waves on both sides of the moving coil diaphragm interfere, which affects the sound performance of the moving coil diaphragm, and the form of the opening in the center of the moving coil diaphragm and the moving iron unit cannot be used in small-sized speakers.
  • the diaphragm 2 described in the embodiments of the present application uses the side (or back) where the voice coil 21 is provided as the sound output position (or back sound) )
  • the output of both the moving iron 3 and the diaphragm 2 can be reduced The phase difference of the sound wave, thereby improving the sound quality of the speaker component.
  • the diaphragm 2 does not need to be opened, and the radiation surface of the diaphragm 2 can be kept intact, thereby avoiding the sealing problem and the sound wave interference caused by the opening of the diaphragm 2.
  • the moving iron piece 3 is arranged close to the sound output position of the diaphragm 2, so that the structure of the sound path from the moving iron piece 3 and the diaphragm 2 to the eardrum of the human ear is highly similar (that is, the structure experienced during the sound wave transmission is highly similar), which is effectively avoided
  • the mutual interference between the sound wave resonance peak of the moving iron piece 3 and the diaphragm 2 caused by the different sound path structure is beneficial to obtain a better combination effect of the moving iron piece 3 and the diaphragm 2 double unit, and improve the sound The overall sound quality of the component.
  • the speaker assembly further includes a magnet 19 and a receiving cavity 11.
  • the magnet 19 and the accommodating cavity 11 are both located on the side of the diaphragm 2 where the voice coil 21 is provided, and are fixed in the cavity 1.
  • the magnet 19 is provided on one side of the voice coil 21.
  • An opening 111 is provided on one side of the accommodating cavity 11, and the direction of the opening 111 is the same as the sound output direction of the speaker assembly. In the middle, the sound direction of the moving iron 3 is the same as the sound direction of the speaker assembly.
  • the magnet 19 is used to generate a magnetic field, and the voice coil 21 of the diaphragm 2 is placed in the magnetic field generated by the magnet 19, and the interaction of the magnetic force and the voice coil 21 drives the voice coil 21 to move, thereby driving the diaphragm 2 to vibrate and make sound.
  • the magnetic field generated by the magnet 19 is a permanent magnetic field, and alternating current is supplied to the voice coil 21, so that the voice coil 21 can move back and forth, thereby driving the diaphragm 2 to vibrate.
  • direct current can also be applied to the voice coil 21, and the direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnet 19 can be changed. The magnetic field changed in direction can drive the voice coil 21 to move back and forth, which is not limited herein.
  • the magnet 19 may be a ring magnet 12.
  • the outer side of the ring magnet 12 is disposed adjacent to the inner wall of the cavity 1.
  • the receiving cavity 11 is located in the center of the ring magnet 12.
  • the voice coil 21 may also have a ring shape, so that the area of the acting surface of the voice coil 21 and the magnet 19 is maximized to improve the efficiency of the magnetic force to drive the voice coil 21 to move.
  • the speaker assembly is provided with a voice coil cavity 131, and the voice coil cavity 131 is used to receive at least part of the voice coil 21.
  • the voice coil cavity 131 is located between the ring magnet 12 and the receiving cavity 11 (as shown in FIG. 2), or between the ring magnet 12 and the inner wall of the cavity 1 (as shown in FIG. 4), or is located in the ring magnet 12 (as ( Figure 5). It can be seen that at least one side wall of the voice coil cavity 131 is the ring magnet 12.
  • the voice coil cavity 131 has a ring shape surrounding the receiving cavity 11.
  • the voice coil 21 is embedded in the voice coil cavity 131 at least at the end. Since the side wall of at least one side of the voice coil cavity 131 is the ring magnet 12, it can ensure that the voice coil 21 and the ring magnet 12 have a relatively strong interaction. At the same time, the voice coil cavity 131 is used to provide space for the voice coil 21 to move, and the voice coil 21 moves axially back and forth in the voice coil cavity 131, thereby driving the diaphragm 2 to vibrate and make sound.
  • the outer wall of the ring magnet 12 is in contact with the inner wall of the cavity 1, and the space between the inner wall of the ring magnet 12 and the outer wall corresponding to the receiving cavity 11 forms a voice coil cavity 131, that is, the magnet 19 of the speaker assembly is the outer Magnetic structure.
  • the speaker assembly shown in FIG. 2 is a rotationally symmetric structure.
  • the direction defined by the axis of rotation symmetry is the axial direction X of the speaker assembly, and the direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation symmetry is the radial direction Y of the speaker assembly.
  • the space between the side wall extending along the axial direction X of the speaker assembly on the accommodating cavity 11 and the inner wall of the ring magnet 12 forms a voice coil cavity 131.
  • the edge 111 of the opening 111 of the accommodating cavity 11 extends radially outward to form an extension portion 112 that abuts the inner wall of the cavity 1.
  • the side of the magnet 19 (ie, the ring magnet 12) facing the sound output direction of the speaker assembly abuts the inner surface 1121 of the extension 112.
  • the extending portion 112 is provided with a first through hole 1122.
  • the first through hole 1122 communicates with the voice coil cavity 131 to form the first sound output channel 13.
  • the voice coil cavity 131 is not only used to provide a space for the voice coil 21 to move, but also serves as a sound output channel to participate in transmitting sound waves generated by the vibration of the diaphragm 2.
  • the portion of the voice coil 21 in the voice coil cavity 131 does not extend to the first through hole 1122 on the extension 112.
  • the voice coil cavity 131 has a ring shape surrounding the accommodating cavity 11, and a plurality of first through holes 1122 are provided on the extension portion 112, and the plurality of first through holes 1122 are circumferentially spaced around the extension portion 112 as a first sound output End of channel 13.
  • the first through hole 1122 may also be ring-shaped corresponding to the voice coil cavity 131 and form a complete channel structure with the voice coil cavity 131 to participate in the sound channel constituting the diaphragm 2.
  • the accommodating cavity 11 of this embodiment is composed of a magnetizer, and the magnetic permeability of the accommodating cavity 11 is greater than the magnetic permeability of the atmosphere in the environment where the accommodating cavity 11 is located, so as to shield the magnetic field of the ring magnet 12 against the moving iron Piece 3 interference.
  • the accommodating cavity 11 is entirely composed of magnetizers.
  • the magnetic permeability of the accommodating cavity 11 is greater than the magnetic permeability of the atmosphere in the environment where the accommodating cavity 11 is located.
  • the magnetic field generated by the ring magnet 12 is located in the atmosphere, and the magnetic induction lines of the ring magnet 12 pass through the cavity wall of the accommodation cavity 11 at the interface between the atmosphere and the accommodation cavity 11, and the magnetic induction lines inside the accommodation cavity 11 are less, So as to achieve the role of magnetic shielding.
  • the magnetic permeability of the accommodating cavity 11 may be much greater than the magnetic permeability of the atmosphere in the environment where the accommodating cavity 11 is located, so as to further improve the magnetic shielding effect of the accommodating cavity 11.
  • the bottom of the cavity 11 is provided with a second through hole 113.
  • the second through hole 113 communicates with the space in the cavity 11 and the opening 111 of the cavity 11 to form a second sound hole 14.
  • the second sound hole 14 is added to increase the number of sound holes on the speaker assembly, thereby improving the sound quality of the speaker assembly.
  • the cavity 1 includes a first cavity 15 and a second cavity 16 that are axially connected.
  • the radial cross-sectional area of the first cavity 15 is larger than the radial cross-sectional area of the second cavity 16, and the connecting portion of the first cavity 15 and the second cavity 16 forms a stepped connection 17.
  • the periphery of the diaphragm 2 is connected to the inner wall of the first cavity 15 or the inner wall of the stepped connection 17.
  • FIG. 2 shows the periphery of the diaphragm 2 connected to the inner wall of the first cavity 15.
  • the moving iron piece 3 is disposed in the second cavity 16.
  • the periphery of the diaphragm 2 is connected to the inner wall of the first cavity 15.
  • the step connecting portion 17 is provided with a third sound hole 18, and the third sound hole 18 is located on the cavity 1 extending toward the second cavity 16 from the connection position of the diaphragm 2 and the inner wall of the cavity 1.
  • the third sound hole 18 is provided corresponding to a portion of the periphery of the diaphragm 2 to further increase the number of sound holes on the speaker assembly, thereby improving the sound quality of the speaker assembly.
  • first sound output channel 13, the second sound output hole 14, and the third sound output hole 18 serves as a sound output hole of the speaker assembly.
  • the first sound output channel 13, the second sound output hole 14, and the third sound output hole 18 may all serve as the sound output holes of the speaker assembly; or the first sound output channel 13, the second sound output hole 14, and the third output
  • the sound holes 18 are combined in pairs to serve as the sound holes of the speaker components; or any one of the first sound channel 13, the second sound holes 14, and the third sound holes 18 can be used as the sound holes of the speaker components .
  • the speaker assembly described in this embodiment is mainly applied to a small-sized speaker, which can overcome the undesirable degree of combination of the moving coil unit and the moving iron unit in the small-sized speaker. It can be applied to speakers such as wired headphones or wireless headphones. It can be understood that the speaker assembly described in this embodiment can also be applied to the field of medical devices, such as hearing aids, which is not limited herein.
  • the speaker assembly provided in this application, the voice coil of the diaphragm and the moving iron are arranged on the same side, which can allow the moving iron to be placed near the sound output position of the diaphragm to reduce the moving iron and vibration The phase difference of the sound waves output by the two membranes, thereby improving the separation of the sound output by the moving iron and the diaphragm, and improving the sound quality of the speaker.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a third embodiment of a speaker assembly of the present application.
  • the speaker assembly includes a cavity 1 and a diaphragm 2.
  • the periphery of the diaphragm 2 is connected to the inner wall of the cavity 1, and a voice coil 21 is provided on one side of the diaphragm 2 for driving the diaphragm 2 to vibrate and make sound.
  • the speaker assembly also includes a moving iron piece 3. The moving iron piece 3 is disposed relative to the cavity 1, and the moving iron piece 3 is located on the side of the diaphragm 2 where the voice coil 21 is provided.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the inner wall of the ring magnet 12 is in contact with the outer wall of the accommodating cavity 11, and the space between the outer wall of the ring magnet 12 and the inner wall of the cavity 1 forms a voice coil cavity 131, that is, a speaker assembly
  • the magnet 19 has an internal magnetic structure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the speaker assembly of the present application.
  • the speaker assembly includes a cavity 1 and a diaphragm 2.
  • the periphery of the diaphragm 2 is connected to the inner wall of the cavity 1, and a voice coil 21 is provided on one side of the diaphragm 2 for driving the diaphragm 2 to vibrate and make sound.
  • the speaker assembly also includes a moving iron piece 3. The moving iron piece 3 is disposed relative to the cavity 1, and the moving iron piece 3 is located on the side of the diaphragm 2 where the voice coil 21 is provided.
  • the ring magnet 12 includes an outer ring magnet 121 and an inner ring magnet 122 that are nested.
  • the inner wall of the inner ring magnet 122 is in contact with the outer wall of the accommodating cavity 11, and the outer wall of the outer ring magnet 121 is in contact with the inner wall of the cavity 1.
  • the space between the inner wall of the outer ring magnet 121 and the outer wall of the inner ring magnet 122 forms a voice coil cavity 131, that is, the magnet 19 of the speaker assembly has an inner and outer magnetic structure.
  • magnets 19 are provided on both sides corresponding to the portion of the voice coil 21 in the voice coil cavity 131.
  • the magnets using the internal and external magnetic structure have a higher magnetic drive efficiency for the voice coil 21, which can ensure that the voice coil 21 can drive the diaphragm 2 to vibrate efficiently enough to satisfy Demand during actual use.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a fifth embodiment of the speaker assembly of the present application.
  • the speaker assembly includes a cavity 1 and a diaphragm 2.
  • the periphery of the diaphragm 2 is connected to the inner wall of the cavity 1, and a voice coil 21 is provided on one side of the diaphragm 2 for driving the diaphragm 2 to vibrate and make sound.
  • the speaker assembly also includes a moving iron piece 3. The moving iron piece 3 is disposed relative to the cavity 1, and the moving iron piece 3 is located on the side of the diaphragm 2 where the voice coil 21 is provided.
  • the diaphragm 2 includes a first flap 22 and a second flap 23, the second flap 23 is ring-shaped, the first flap 22 is located at the center of the annulus of the second flap 23, and is in contact with the second flap 23 connects the complete radiator constituting the diaphragm 2, and the voice coil 21 drives the first flap 22 and the second flap 23 to vibrate, so that the diaphragm 2 vibrates and makes sound.
  • the first diaphragm 22 corresponds to the accommodating cavity 11, that is, the accommodating cavity 11 is disposed corresponding to the central portion of the diaphragm 2, so that the moving iron piece 3 in the accommodating cavity 11 corresponds to the central portion of the diaphragm 2, which is beneficial to ensure the moving iron piece
  • the acoustic path of 3 and diaphragm 2 is highly similar.
  • the first flap 22 has a large curvature and a curved surface area.
  • the side of the first flap 22 adjacent to the receiving cavity 11 is concave and has an edge 221. At least part of the accommodating cavity 11 is accommodated in the concave first flap 22, so that the moving iron piece 3 is located in the space enclosed by the first flap 22. Specifically, the end of the moving iron piece 3 away from the diaphragm 2 is flush with the edge 221 of the first flap 22, thereby minimizing the difference in the sound output positions of the moving iron piece 3 and the diaphragm 2, thereby reducing the moving iron The difference between the phases of the sound waves output by the component 3 and the diaphragm 2.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a speaker of the present application.
  • the speaker 4 includes a speaker assembly 41.
  • the loudspeaker component 41 works to make sound, so that the speaker 4 outputs corresponding audio information to the user.
  • the speaker 4 may be in the form of a wired earphone or a wireless earphone, or an in-ear earphone or an external earphone, or a medical device such as a hearing aid equipped with a headphone, which is not limited herein.
  • the specific structural form and working principle of the speaker assembly 41 have been described in detail in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

本申请涉及扬声器技术领域，公开了一种扬声组件以及扬声器。该扬声组件包括腔体、振膜以及动铁件，振膜周缘连接于腔体内壁，且振膜的一侧设置有音圈，音圈用于带动振膜振动。动铁件相对腔体设置，且位于振膜设置有音圈的一侧。通过上述方式，本申请能够改善扬声器的音质。

Description

扬声组件以及扬声器 【技术领域】
本申请涉及扬声器技术领域，特别是涉及一种扬声组件以及扬声器。
【背景技术】
动圈(Dynamic)是扬声器的一种换能模式。动圈式耳机的驱动模式为由处于永磁场中的音圈驱动与之相连的振膜振动，从而实现耳机出声。动铁式耳机内部的音圈绕在一个位于永磁场的中央的平衡衔铁上，平衡衔铁在磁力的作用下带动振膜发声。
目前，为结合动圈式耳机和动铁式耳机各自的优势，市面上已经有动圈和动铁相结合的圈铁式耳机。然而传统的圈铁式耳机多采用动铁单元和动圈单元分离的形式，导致动铁单元和动圈单元所输出声波的相位差异较大，对耳机的音质造成不良影响。
【发明内容】
有鉴于此，本申请主要解决的技术问题是提供一种扬声组件以及扬声器，能够改善扬声器的音质。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种扬声组件，该扬声组件包括腔体、振膜以及动铁件，振膜周缘连接于腔体内壁，且振膜的一侧设置有音圈，音圈用于带动振膜振动。动铁件相对腔体设置，且位于振膜设置有音圈的一侧。
在本申请的一实施例中，自动铁件往远离振膜的方向为扬声组件的出声方向。
在本申请的一实施例中，扬声组件还包括磁体和容纳腔，磁体和容纳腔均位于振膜设置有音圈的一侧，且固定于腔体中；磁体设置于音圈一侧，容纳腔一侧设有开口，开口的朝向与出声方向相同，动铁件至少部分位于容纳腔中。
在本申请的一实施例中，磁体是环形磁体，环形磁体外侧邻近腔体内壁，容纳腔位于环形磁体中心；扬声组件设置有音圈腔，音圈腔用于收容至少部分音圈，音圈腔位于环形磁体与容纳腔之间、或位于环形磁体与腔体内壁之间、或位于环形磁体中。
在本申请的一实施例中，音圈腔呈围绕容纳腔的环状，音圈至少末端嵌入于音圈腔中。
在本申请的一实施例中，环形磁体外壁与腔体内壁抵接，环形磁体的内壁与容纳腔对应的外壁之间的空间形成音圈腔；或环形磁体的内壁与容纳腔外壁抵接，环形磁体的外壁与腔体内壁之间的空间形成音圈腔；或环形磁体包括嵌套设置的外环形磁体和内环形磁体，内环形磁体内壁与容纳腔外壁抵接，外环形磁体外壁与腔体内壁抵接，外环形磁体内壁和内环形磁体外壁之间的空间形成音圈腔。
在本申请的一实施例中，容纳腔的腔底开设有第二通孔，第二通孔与容纳腔内的空间、容纳腔的开口相通，以形成第二出声孔。
在本申请的一实施例中，容纳腔开口边缘径向向外延伸形成延伸部，延伸部抵接腔体内壁，磁体朝向出声方向的一侧抵接延伸部的内表面；延伸部设有第一通孔，第一通孔连通音圈腔，以形成第一出声通道。
在本申请的一实施例中，容纳腔的至少部分由导磁体构成，并且容纳腔的导磁率大于容纳腔所处环境中的大气的导磁率。
在本申请的一实施例中，振膜包括对应容纳腔的第一膜瓣，第一膜瓣邻近容纳腔的一侧呈内凹状，容纳腔至少部分收容于内凹的第一膜瓣中。
在本申请的一实施例中，腔体包括轴向相连接的第一腔体和第二腔体，第一腔体的径向截面面积大于第二腔体的径向截面面积，第一腔体和第二腔体连接部分形成阶梯连接部；振膜周缘连接于第一腔体内壁或阶梯连接部内壁，动铁件设置于第二腔体中；阶梯连接部设有第三出声孔，且第三出声孔位于自振膜与腔体内壁连接位置往靠近第二腔体方向延伸的腔体上。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的又一个技术方案是：提供一种扬声器，该扬声器包括扬声组件，该扬声组件包括腔体、振膜以及动铁件，振膜周缘连接于腔体内壁，且振膜的一侧设置有音圈，音圈用于带动振膜振动。动铁件相对腔体设置，且位于振膜设置有音圈的一侧。
在本申请的一实施例中，自动铁件往远离振膜的方向为扬声组件的出声方 向。
在本申请的一实施例中，扬声组件还包括磁体和容纳腔，磁体和容纳腔均位于振膜设置有音圈的一侧，且固定于腔体中；磁体设置于音圈一侧，容纳腔一侧设有开口，开口的朝向与出声方向相同，动铁件至少部分位于容纳腔中。
在本申请的一实施例中，磁体是环形磁体，环形磁体外侧邻近腔体内壁，容纳腔位于环形磁体中心；扬声组件设置有音圈腔，音圈腔用于收容至少部分音圈，音圈腔位于环形磁体与容纳腔之间、或位于环形磁体与腔体内壁之间、或位于环形磁体中。
在本申请的一实施例中，音圈腔呈围绕容纳腔的环状，音圈至少末端嵌入于音圈腔中。
在本申请的一实施例中，环形磁体外壁与腔体内壁抵接，环形磁体的内壁与容纳腔对应的外壁之间的空间形成音圈腔；或环形磁体的内壁与容纳腔外壁抵接，环形磁体的外壁与腔体内壁之间的空间形成音圈腔；或环形磁体包括嵌套设置的外环形磁体和内环形磁体，内环形磁体内壁与容纳腔外壁抵接，外环形磁体外壁与腔体内壁抵接，外环形磁体内壁和内环形磁体外壁之间的空间形成音圈腔。
在本申请的一实施例中，容纳腔的腔底开设有第二通孔，第二通孔与容纳腔内的空间、容纳腔的开口相通，以形成第二出声孔。
在本申请的一实施例中，容纳腔开口边缘径向向外延伸形成延伸部，延伸部抵接腔体内壁，磁体朝向出声方向的一侧抵接延伸部的内表面；延伸部设有第一通孔，第一通孔连通音圈腔，以形成第一出声通道。
在本申请的一实施例中，容纳腔的至少部分由导磁体构成，并且容纳腔的导磁率大于容纳腔所处环境中的大气的导磁率。
在本申请的一实施例中，振膜包括对应容纳腔的第一膜瓣，第一膜瓣邻近容纳腔的一侧呈内凹状，容纳腔至少部分收容于内凹的第一膜瓣中。
在本申请的一实施例中，腔体包括轴向相连接的第一腔体和第二腔体，第一腔体的径向截面面积大于第二腔体的径向截面面积，第一腔体和第二腔体连接部分形成阶梯连接部；振膜周缘连接于第一腔体内壁或阶梯连接部内壁，动铁件设置于第二腔体中；阶梯连接部设有第三出声孔，且第三出声孔位于自振膜与腔体内壁连接位置往靠近第二腔体方向延伸的腔体上。
本申请的有益效果是：区别于现有技术，本申请将动铁件相对腔体设置且 位于振膜设置有音圈的一侧。即振膜的音圈与动铁件同侧设置，能够允许动铁件靠近振膜的出声位置设置，以减小动铁件和振膜二者所输出声波的相位差异，进而改善动铁件和振膜二者所输出声音分离的情况，改善扬声器的音质。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。其中：
图1是本申请扬声组件第一实施例的***结构示意图；
图2是图1所示扬声组件的剖面结构示意图；
图3是本申请扬声组件第二实施例的剖面结构示意图；
图4是本申请扬声组件第三实施例的剖面结构示意图；
图5是本申请扬声组件第四实施例的剖面结构示意图；
图6是本申请扬声组件第五实施例的剖面结构示意图；
图7是本申请扬声器一实施例的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能够更为明显易懂，下面结合附图，对本申请的具体实施方式做详细的说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本申请，而非对本申请的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本申请相关的部分而非全部结构。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、***、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单 元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
为解决现有技术中圈铁式耳机的音质较差的技术问题，本申请的一实施例提供一种扬声组件，该扬声组件包括腔体、振膜以及动铁件，振膜周缘连接于腔体内壁，且振膜的一侧设置有音圈，音圈用于带动振膜振动，动铁件相对腔体设置，且位于振膜设置有音圈的一侧。以下进行详细阐述。
请参阅图1-2，图1是本申请扬声组件第一实施例的***结构示意图，图2是图1所示扬声组件的剖面结构示意图。
如图1和图2所示，在一实施例中，扬声组件包括腔体1和振膜2。振膜2可以采用传统动圈式耳机中动圈振膜的结构，振膜2的周缘连接于腔体1内壁，并且振膜2的一侧设置有音圈21。音圈21置于一磁场中，通过给音圈21通入交流电，从而在磁场和音圈21的相互作用下驱动音圈21运动，进而带动振膜2振动出声。
如图1和图2所示，扬声组件还包括动铁件3。动铁件3相对腔体1设置，并且动铁件3位于振膜2设置有音圈21的一侧。动铁件3可以采用传统动铁式耳机的动铁单元，其出声原理也可以采用传统动铁式耳机的动铁单元的出声原理。本实施例中的振膜2和动铁件3对应传统的动圈单元和动铁单元，即本实施例所阐述的扬声组件为圈铁式的扬声组件。其中，振膜2和动铁件3可以分别负责输出不同频率的声音，例如由振膜2负责输出中低频的声音，而由动铁件3负责输出高频的声音等，在此不做限定。
以上可以看出，动铁件3与振膜2的音圈21同侧设置，能够允许动铁件3靠近振膜2的出声位置设置，以减小动铁件3和振膜2二者所输出声波的相位差异，进而改善动铁件3和振膜2二者所输出不同频率的声音分离的情况，改善扬声器的音质。
如图1和图2所示，在一实施例中，自动铁件3往远离振膜2的方向为扬声组件的出声方向。也就是说，振膜2设置有音圈21的方向为其出声方向。这不同于传统动圈单元的振膜，其出声方向通常为振膜未设置有音圈一侧的方向， 而振膜设置有音圈的一侧用于带动振膜振动。本实施例中所阐述的振膜2采用倒置的方式，振膜2设置有音圈21的一侧(或称背面)作为出声位置，因为动铁件3与振膜2的音圈21同侧设置，也就使得动铁件3与振膜2的出声方向一致，且振膜2本身不会阻挡动铁件3出声。
在传统的圈铁式耳机中，动圈振膜背对动铁单元的一侧的正面出声，动铁单元的出声位置只能远离动圈单元的振膜的出声位置设置，致使动圈单元和动铁单元所输出声波的相位差异较大。如果仿照大尺寸音箱的同轴单元的结构形式，在动圈振膜的中心球顶开孔而将动铁单元置于该孔中，这样虽然使得动铁单元具备出声条件，然而动圈振膜中心的孔洞使得动圈振膜正背面两侧的声波形成干涉，影响动圈振膜的出声性能，并且动圈振膜中心开孔与动铁单元配合的形式在小尺寸的扬声器中无法实现。
鉴于传统的圈铁式耳机所存在上述诸多的技术问题，本申请的实施例所阐述的振膜2采用设置有音圈21的一侧(或称背面)作为出声位置(或称背面出声)，以允许动铁件3靠近振膜2的出声位置设置，在保证振膜2和动铁件3各自声通路通畅的同时，能够减小动铁件3和振膜2二者所输出声波的相位差异，进而改善扬声组件的音质。并且，振膜2无需开孔，能够保持振膜2辐射面完整，避免了振膜2开孔带来的密封性问题以及声波干涉的问题。动铁件3靠近振膜2的出声位置设置，使得从动铁件3和振膜2至人耳耳膜的声通路结构高度相似(即声波传输过程中所经历的结构高度相似)，有效避免了因声通路结构不同所引起的动铁件3和振膜2输出的声波共振峰之间的相互干扰，有利于获得更好的动铁件3和振膜2双单元结合的效果，提高扬声组件的整体音质。
如图1和图2所示，在一实施例中，扬声组件还包括磁体19和容纳腔11。磁体19和容纳腔11均位于振膜2设置有音圈21的一侧，且固定于腔体1中。磁体19设置于音圈21的一侧。容纳腔11一侧设有开口111，开口111的朝向与扬声组件的出声方向相同，动铁件3至少部分位于容纳腔11中，即动铁件3至少部分通过开口111嵌入容纳腔11中，使得动铁件3的出声方向与扬声组件的出声方向相同。
磁体19用于产生磁场，振膜2的音圈21置于磁体19所产生的磁场中，通过磁力和音圈21的相互作用，驱使音圈21运动，进而带动振膜2振动出声。在本实施例中，磁体19所产生的磁场为永磁场，而音圈21中通入交流电，使得音圈21能够来回运动，进而带动振膜2振动。当然，音圈21中也可以通入 直流电，而磁体19所产生的磁场方向可变，通过方向变化的磁场，驱使音圈21来回运动，在此不做限定。
进一步地，磁体19可以是环形磁体12。环形磁体12外侧邻近腔体1内壁设置。容纳腔11位于环形磁体12中心。对应地，音圈21也可以呈环形，使得音圈21与磁体19的作用面的面积最大化，以提高磁力驱动音圈21运动的效率。
在一实施例中，扬声组件设置有音圈腔131，音圈腔131用于收容至少部分音圈21。音圈腔131位于环形磁体12与容纳腔11之间(如图2所示)、或位于环形磁体12与腔体1内壁之间(如图4所示)、或位于环形磁体12中(如图5所示)。可见，音圈腔131至少一侧侧壁为环形磁体12。
音圈腔131呈围绕容纳腔11的环状。音圈21至少末端嵌入于音圈腔131中。由于音圈腔131至少一侧的侧壁为环形磁体12，能够保证音圈21与环形磁体12之间具备比较强的相互作用。同时，音圈腔131用于提供音圈21运动的空间，音圈21在音圈腔131中来回轴向运动，从而带动振膜2振动出声。
在一实施例中，环形磁体12的外壁与腔体1内壁抵接，环形磁体12的内壁与容纳腔11对应的外壁之间的空间形成音圈腔131，即扬声组件的磁体19为外磁式结构。图2所展示的扬声组件为旋转对称结构，其旋转对称轴所定义的方向为扬声组件的轴向X，垂直于其旋转对称轴的方向为扬声组件的径向Y。容纳腔11上沿扬声组件的轴向X延伸的侧壁与环形磁体12的内壁之间的空间形成音圈腔131。
进一步地，容纳腔11开口111边缘径向Y向外延伸形成延伸部112，延伸部112抵接腔体1内壁。磁体19(即环形磁体12)朝向扬声组件的出声方向的一侧抵接延伸部112的内表面1121。延伸部112设有第一通孔1122。第一通孔1122连通音圈腔131，以形成第一出声通道13。也就是说，音圈腔131不仅用于提供音圈21运动的空间，还可作为出声通道，参与传输振膜2振动所产生的声波。
如图2所示，在一实施例中，处于音圈腔131中的音圈21部分未延伸至延伸部112上的第一通孔1122处。音圈腔131呈围绕容纳腔11的环状，并且延伸部112上设置有多个第一通孔1122，该多个第一通孔1122绕延伸部112周向间隔设置，作为第一出声通道13的末端。
在替代实施例中，第一通孔1122也可对应音圈腔131呈环状，与音圈腔131组成完整通路结构，以参与组成振膜2的声通路。
在一实施例中，由于动铁件3内部用于出声的元件容易受外部磁场干扰，传统圈铁式耳机内部较难实现有效的磁屏蔽。有鉴于此，本实施例的容纳腔11的至少部分由导磁体构成，并且容纳腔11的导磁率大于容纳腔11所处环境中的大气的导磁率，以屏蔽环形磁体12的磁场对动铁件3的干扰。
进一步地，为改善容纳腔11的磁屏蔽效果，容纳腔11全部由导磁体构成。容纳腔11的导磁率大于容纳腔11所处环境中的大气的导磁率。环形磁体12所产生的磁场位于大气中，环形磁体12的磁感线在大气与容纳腔11的交界面上均通过容纳腔11的腔体壁，而容纳腔11内部的磁感线较少，从而达到磁屏蔽的作用。容纳腔11的导磁率可以远大于容纳腔11所处环境中的大气的导磁率，以进一步改善容纳腔11的磁屏蔽效果。同时也为动铁件3与振膜2邻近设计提供可能，克服了传统圈铁式耳机中由于动圈单元的磁场影响使得动圈单元与动铁单元相互远离设置，导致动圈单元与动铁单元所输出声波相位差异较大的问题。
请参阅图3。在一实施例中，容纳腔11的腔底开设有第二通孔113，第二通孔113与容纳腔11内的空间、容纳腔11的开口111相通，形成第二出声孔14。本实施例通过增设第二出声孔14，以增加扬声组件上出声孔的数量，进而改善扬声组件的音质。
请继续参阅图2。在一实施例中，腔体1包括轴向相连接的第一腔体15和第二腔体16。第一腔体15的径向截面面积大于第二腔体16的径向截面面积，并且第一腔体15和第二腔体16连接部分形成阶梯连接部17。振膜2周缘连接于第一腔体15内壁或阶梯连接部17内壁。图2展示了振膜2周缘连接于第一腔体15内壁的情况。动铁件3设置于第二腔体16中。
在图2所展示的扬声组件中，振膜2周缘连接于第一腔体15内壁。阶梯连接部17设有第三出声孔18，且第三出声孔18位于自振膜2与腔体1内壁连接位置往靠近第二腔体16方向延伸的腔体1上。第三出声孔18对应振膜2周缘的部分设置，以进一步增加扬声组件上出声孔的数量，进而改善扬声组件的音质。
需要说明的是，第一出声通道13、第二出声孔14以及第三出声孔18中至少一者作为扬声组件的出声孔。可以是第一出声通道13、第二出声孔14以及第三出声孔18均作为扬声组件的出声孔；或第一出声通道13、第二出声孔14以及第三出声孔18两两组合作为扬声组件的出声孔；亦或是第一出声通道13、第 二出声孔14以及第三出声孔18中任意一者作为扬声组件的出声孔。
还需要说明的是，本实施例所阐述的扬声组件主要应用于小尺寸的扬声器中，能够克服小尺寸的扬声器中动圈单元和动铁单元结合程度不理想的情况。其可以应用于诸如有线耳机或无线耳机等形式的扬声器中。可以理解的是，本实施例所阐述的扬声组件还可以应用于医疗器械领域，例如助听器等，在此不做限定。
综上所述，本申请所提供的扬声组件，其振膜的音圈与动铁件同侧设置，能够允许动铁件靠近振膜的出声位置设置，以减小动铁件和振膜二者所输出声波的相位差异，进而改善动铁件和振膜二者所输出声音分离的情况，改善扬声器的音质。
请参阅图4，图4是本申请扬声组件第三实施例的剖面结构示意图。
在一实施例中，扬声组件包括腔体1和振膜2。振膜2周缘连接于腔体1内壁，并且振膜2的一侧设置有音圈21，用于带动振膜2振动出声。扬声组件还包括动铁件3。动铁件3相对腔体1设置，并且动铁件3位于振膜2设置有音圈21的一侧。
本实施例与上述实施例的不同之处在于，环形磁体12的内壁与容纳腔11外壁抵接，环形磁体12的外壁与腔体1内壁之间的空间形成音圈腔131，即扬声组件的磁体19为内磁式结构。
请参阅图5，图5是本申请扬声组件第四实施例的剖面结构示意图。
在一实施例中，扬声组件包括腔体1和振膜2。振膜2周缘连接于腔体1内壁，并且振膜2的一侧设置有音圈21，用于带动振膜2振动出声。扬声组件还包括动铁件3。动铁件3相对腔体1设置，并且动铁件3位于振膜2设置有音圈21的一侧。
本实施例与上述实施例的不同之处在于，环形磁体12包括嵌套设置的外环形磁体121和内环形磁体122。内环形磁体122的内壁与容纳腔11的外壁抵接，外环形磁体121的外壁与腔体1的内壁抵接。其中，外环形磁体121的内壁和内环形磁体122的外壁之间的空间形成音圈腔131，即扬声组件的磁体19为内外磁式结构。
如此一来，位于音圈腔131中的音圈21部分对应的两侧均有磁体19。相较于上述实施例中内磁式或外磁式的磁体结构，采用内外磁式结构的磁体对音圈21的磁力驱动效率更高，能够保证音圈21带动振膜2振动的效率足以满足实际 使用过程中的需求。
请参阅图6，图6是本申请扬声组件第五实施例的剖面结构示意图。
在一实施例中，扬声组件包括腔体1和振膜2。振膜2周缘连接于腔体1内壁，并且振膜2的一侧设置有音圈21，用于带动振膜2振动出声。扬声组件还包括动铁件3。动铁件3相对腔体1设置，并且动铁件3位于振膜2设置有音圈21的一侧。
进一步地，振膜2包括第一膜瓣22和第二膜瓣23，第二膜瓣23呈环状，第一膜瓣22位于第二膜瓣23的环体中心，并与第二膜瓣23连接组成振膜2的完整辐射体，音圈21带动第一膜瓣22和第二膜瓣23振动，从而实现振膜2振动出声。其中，第一膜瓣22对应容纳腔11，即容纳腔11对应振膜2的中心部位设置，使得容纳腔11内的动铁件3对应振膜2的中心部位，其有利于保证动铁件3和振膜2的声通路高度相似。
本实施例与上述实施例的不同之处在于，第一膜瓣22具有较大的弧度和弧面面积，第一膜瓣22邻近容纳腔11的一侧呈内凹状，其具有边缘221。容纳腔11的至少部分收容于内凹的第一膜瓣22中，进而使得动铁件3位于第一膜瓣22所笼罩的空间中。具体地，动铁件3远离振膜2的一端与第一膜瓣22的边缘221平齐，从而最大限度地减小动铁件3与振膜2出声位置的差异，进而减小动铁件3与振膜2所输出声波相位的差异。
请参阅图7，图7是本申请扬声器一实施例的结构示意图。
在一实施例中，扬声器4包括扬声组件41。扬声组件41工作出声，从而实现扬声器4输出相应音频信息至用户。扬声器4可以为有线耳机或无线耳机等形式，或是入耳式耳机或外戴式耳机等形式，亦或是具备耳机形态的助听器等医疗设备，在此不做限定。其中，扬声组件41的具体结构形式以及工作原理已在上述实施例中详细阐述，在此就不再赘述。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施方式，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种扬声组件，其特征在于，所述扬声组件包括：
    腔体；
    振膜，所述振膜周缘连接于所述腔体内壁，且所述振膜的一侧设置有音圈，所述音圈用于带动所述振膜振动；
    动铁件，所述动铁件相对所述腔体设置，且位于所述振膜设置有所述音圈的一侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声组件，其特征在于，自所述动铁件往远离所述振膜的方向为所述扬声组件的出声方向。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的扬声组件，其特征在于，所述扬声组件还包括磁体和容纳腔，所述磁体和所述容纳腔均位于所述振膜设置有所述音圈的一侧，且固定于所述腔体中；
    所述磁体设置于所述音圈一侧，所述容纳腔一侧设有开口，所述开口的朝向与所述出声方向相同，所述动铁件至少部分位于所述容纳腔中。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的扬声组件，其特征在于，所述磁体是环形磁体，所述环形磁体外侧邻近所述腔体内壁，所述容纳腔位于所述环形磁体中心；
    所述扬声组件设置有音圈腔，所述音圈腔用于收容至少部分所述音圈，所述音圈腔位于所述环形磁体与所述容纳腔之间、或位于所述环形磁体与所述腔体内壁之间、或位于所述环形磁体中；
    所述音圈腔呈围绕所述容纳腔的环状，所述音圈至少末端嵌入于所述音圈腔中。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的扬声组件，其特征在于，所述环形磁体外壁与所述腔体内壁抵接，所述环形磁体的内壁与所述容纳腔对应的外壁之间的空间形成所述音圈腔；或
    所述环形磁体的内壁与所述容纳腔外壁抵接，所述环形磁体的外壁与所述腔体内壁之间的空间形成所述音圈腔；或
    所述环形磁体包括嵌套设置的外环形磁体和内环形磁体，所述内环形磁体内壁与所述容纳腔外壁抵接，所述外环形磁体外壁与所述腔体内壁抵接，所述外环形磁体内壁和所述内环形磁体外壁之间的空间形成所述音圈腔。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的扬声组件，其特征在于，所述容纳腔开口边缘径 向向外延伸形成延伸部，所述延伸部抵接所述腔体内壁，所述磁体朝向所述出声方向的一侧抵接所述延伸部的内表面；
    所述延伸部设有第一通孔，所述第一通孔连通所述音圈腔，以形成第一出声通道。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的扬声组件，其特征在于，所述容纳腔的腔底开设有第二通孔，所述第二通孔与所述容纳腔内的空间、所述容纳腔的开口相通，以形成第二出声孔。
  8. 根据权利要求3至7任一项所述的扬声组件，其特征在于，所述容纳腔的至少部分由导磁体构成，并且所述容纳腔的导磁率大于所述容纳腔所处环境中的大气的导磁率。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的扬声组件，其特征在于，所述振膜包括对应所述容纳腔的第一膜瓣，所述第一膜瓣邻近所述容纳腔的一侧呈内凹状，所述容纳腔至少部分收容于内凹的所述第一膜瓣中。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声组件，其特征在于，所述腔体包括轴向相连接的第一腔体和第二腔体，所述第一腔体的径向截面面积大于所述第二腔体的径向截面面积，所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体连接部分形成阶梯连接部；
    所述振膜周缘连接于所述第一腔体内壁或所述阶梯连接部内壁，所述动铁件设置于所述第二腔体中；
    所述阶梯连接部设有第三出声孔，且所述第三出声孔位于自所述振膜与所述腔体内壁连接位置往靠近所述第二腔体方向延伸的所述腔体上。
  11. 一种扬声器，其特征在于，所述扬声器包括扬声组件；
    所述扬声组件包括：
    腔体；
    振膜，所述振膜周缘连接于所述腔体内壁，且所述振膜的一侧设置有音圈，所述音圈用于带动所述振膜振动；
    动铁件，所述动铁件相对所述腔体设置，且位于所述振膜设置有所述音圈的一侧。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的扬声器，其特征在于，自所述动铁件往远离所述振膜的方向为所述扬声组件的出声方向。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述扬声组件还包括磁体和容纳腔，所述磁体和所述容纳腔均位于所述振膜设置有所述音圈的一侧， 且固定于所述腔体中；
    所述磁体设置于所述音圈一侧，所述容纳腔一侧设有开口，所述开口的朝向与所述出声方向相同，所述动铁件至少部分位于所述容纳腔中。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述磁体是环形磁体，所述环形磁体外侧邻近所述腔体内壁，所述容纳腔位于所述环形磁体中心；
    所述扬声组件设置有音圈腔，所述音圈腔用于收容至少部分所述音圈，所述音圈腔位于所述环形磁体与所述容纳腔之间、或位于所述环形磁体与所述腔体内壁之间、或位于所述环形磁体中；
    所述音圈腔呈围绕所述容纳腔的环状，所述音圈至少末端嵌入于所述音圈腔中。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述环形磁体外壁与所述腔体内壁抵接，所述环形磁体的内壁与所述容纳腔对应的外壁之间的空间形成所述音圈腔；或
    所述环形磁体的内壁与所述容纳腔外壁抵接，所述环形磁体的外壁与所述腔体内壁之间的空间形成所述音圈腔；或
    所述环形磁体包括嵌套设置的外环形磁体和内环形磁体，所述内环形磁体内壁与所述容纳腔外壁抵接，所述外环形磁体外壁与所述腔体内壁抵接，所述外环形磁体内壁和所述内环形磁体外壁之间的空间形成所述音圈腔。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述容纳腔开口边缘径向向外延伸形成延伸部，所述延伸部抵接所述腔体内壁，所述磁体朝向所述出声方向的一侧抵接所述延伸部的内表面；
    所述延伸部设有第一通孔，所述第一通孔连通所述音圈腔，以形成第一出声通道。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述容纳腔的腔底开设有第二通孔，所述第二通孔与所述容纳腔内的空间、所述容纳腔的开口相通，以形成第二出声孔。
  18. 根据权利要求13至17任一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述容纳腔的至少部分由导磁体构成，并且所述容纳腔的导磁率大于所述容纳腔所处环境中的大气的导磁率。
  19. 根据权利要求13所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述振膜包括对应所述容纳腔的第一膜瓣，所述第一膜瓣邻近所述容纳腔的一侧呈内凹状，所述容纳 腔至少部分收容于内凹的所述第一膜瓣中。
  20. 根据权利要求11所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述腔体包括轴向相连接的第一腔体和第二腔体，所述第一腔体的径向截面面积大于所述第二腔体的径向截面面积，所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体连接部分形成阶梯连接部；
    所述振膜周缘连接于所述第一腔体内壁或所述阶梯连接部内壁，所述动铁件设置于所述第二腔体中；
    所述阶梯连接部设有第三出声孔，且所述第三出声孔位于自所述振膜与所述腔体内壁连接位置往靠近所述第二腔体方向延伸的所述腔体上。
PCT/CN2019/082278 2018-12-29 2019-04-11 扬声组件以及扬声器 WO2020133802A1 (zh)

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