WO2020115778A1 - Bogie ferroviaire à deux essieux - Google Patents

Bogie ferroviaire à deux essieux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020115778A1
WO2020115778A1 PCT/IT2019/050240 IT2019050240W WO2020115778A1 WO 2020115778 A1 WO2020115778 A1 WO 2020115778A1 IT 2019050240 W IT2019050240 W IT 2019050240W WO 2020115778 A1 WO2020115778 A1 WO 2020115778A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bogie
bearers
frame
previous
pitch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2019/050240
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andrea Bracciali
Original Assignee
Ab Consulting S.A.S. Di Andrea Bracciali & C.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ab Consulting S.A.S. Di Andrea Bracciali & C. filed Critical Ab Consulting S.A.S. Di Andrea Bracciali & C.
Publication of WO2020115778A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020115778A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/301—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating metal springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/14—Side bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/16—Centre bearings or other swivel connections between underframes and bolsters or bogies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/32—Guides, e.g. plates, for axle-boxes
    • B61F5/325—The guiding device including swinging arms or the like to ensure the parallelism of the axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • B61F5/52—Bogie frames

Definitions

  • This invention belongs to the sector of railway vehicles and, in particular, to the sector of railway bogies .
  • the invention is particularly favourable for those vehicles with a high ratio between the laden mass and the tare mass, i.e. freight wagons, but can be implemented on any rail vehicle, such as passenger cars, trams and so on.
  • Each bogie includes car body supporting elements that allow the mutual rotation around a vertical axis and that allow the car body to rotate, with some limitations, around the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • Said supporting elements are usually located on the upper part of the bogie and include a spherical centre bowl and two lateral supports, located near the longitudinal beams of the bogie frame, usually called "side bearers”.
  • Said side bearers are pushed up by preload springs and are designed to contrast lateral unbalance of the car body that mainly happens when a train runs through curves.
  • Relative car body - bogie movements are possible through the interposition of special friction elements.
  • friction materials covering side bearers also ensure damping of yaw motions.
  • the majority of freight bogies has supporting elements of the car body with the same shape that match with the bearing elements present in the lower part of the car body.
  • Widely adopted supporting elements include a coupling with a centre bowl, with a convex half-sphere that extends downwards from the lower part of the car body towards a corresponding concave half-sphere, the latter firmly connected to the upper part of the bogie frame. Suitable friction materials are put between the two half-spheres, of which periodic replacement is scheduled, because of friction that wears them progressively.
  • the most diffuse bogie for freight wagons includes an outer frame, external to the wheels, that rests on the journals of two wheelsets through rolling bearings of different kind and a single suspension stage with two stiffness levels.
  • Each axle includes two wheels, while the suspension arrangement on each side includes two pairs of coaxial helical spring, the outer springs offer the first level of stiffness, i.e. the softer one, while the inner springs offer the second level of stiffness, i.e. the stiffer one. In tare condition the latter do not work and the vertical force given by the payload is needed, at least partially, to make them touching the frame.
  • railway bogies are very robust devices, without rubber elements and hydraulic dampers, damping of the only vertical suspension stage is demanded to a mechanism based on friction, called “Lenoir link", in which the upper part of the outer spring is linked to a pin, with axis normal to the axle, which holds at the other end a disc that pushes against the lateral surface of the axlebox through a suitable friction material.
  • the clearance of the axlebox is such that, during the pushing action of the pin, also the other surface of the axlebox pushes the bogie frame, thus doubling the number of sliding surfaces.
  • Increasing the load acting on the spring implies a greater lowering of the upper part of the spring, thus generating an increase in the normal load acting on friction surfaces.
  • bogies currently in use are made of numerous metallic components and therefore are expensive to build and to maintain.
  • said configuration makes bogies very heavy, with the consequence that they are not very stable at high speeds due to high mass and high moment of inertia around the vertical axis.
  • Another disadvantage of the heavy mass of the bogie is the corresponding decrease in the payload of the vehicle.
  • suspension with coaxial springs requires a high number of springs.
  • a four-wheeled bogie requires eight pairs of springs that work in two different phases, with a highly uncertain dynamic behaviour when the vehicle is only partially loaded.
  • the first object of the present invention is therefore to both design a two-axle bogie for railway vehicles that is lightweight and stable at higher speeds and to increase the payload of a railway vehicle.
  • a second object of the invention is to design a bogie with a limited number of components in order to make both manufacturing and maintenance easier and less expensive, as the bogie can be assembled by welding semifinished steel profiles and/or casted elements.
  • Another object of the invention is to improve the behaviour of the suspensions, making them more progressive and reducing the number of springs.
  • Experts in the reference sector know that a progressive suspension makes the vertical bouncing frequency constant for any load, with great advantage on running dynamics .
  • Not least object is to build a railway bogie that has the same interface to the car body and that is therefore interchangeable with bogies currently in use.
  • the pyramidal frame has a rectangular base. Cylindrical hinges are present at lower vertices to connect it to axlebox arms .
  • Inclined members of the pyramidal frame favourably converge to the upper part towards the centre of the sphere of the centre bowl. Under the effect of the vertical load of the car body, they are only subjected to compressive loads. Members connecting the hinges act therefore simply as tie- rods, with bending and torsion effects limited to the load cases of lateral forces and/or track twists. The resulting structure is therefore simple and lightweight. Its structural strength was verified according European standards in force under all combinations of normal and exceptional loads for freight wagons.
  • the bogie frame is completed by two side frames that transmit the load acting on the side bearers towards the lower vertices of the frame. Said side frames are at the same time simple, robust and flexible.
  • the side bearers are preloaded with elastic components to contrast car body roll. They also dampen yaw movements of the bogie frame.
  • Brake units are connected to the pyramidal frame through the side frames. They can either act on web-mounted brake discs or carry brake blocks in case of the conventional tread braking is used.
  • the fact that the bogie described in this invention can be used either with web-mounted disc brakes or with tread brakes makes it easily adaptable to each specific vehicle .
  • Axlebox arms are rotationally connected to lower vertices of the pyramidal frame through cylindrical hinges that house elements made of highly wear-resistant materials responsible for friction damping of the vertical motion of the wheelsets. Favourably, this bogie does not use rubber components and/or hydraulic dampers as it uses only wear elements of low cost and easy replacement .
  • Axlebox arms are not horizontal as described in EP1767430A1 instead, this implies that, when the bogie runs through a curve, the outer wheelbase increases while the inner wheelbase decreases, generating for ordinary speeds a self steering effect that is highly appreciated in the reference sector .
  • the suspension system of the bogie described in this invention comprises only two helical springs of the progressive type, that lie in a vertical longitudinal plane with their axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bogie .
  • Each spring is connected, through pivoting axlebox arms, to the journal of both the wheelsets on one side of the bogie.
  • Known bogies suspensions elements are usually connected on one end at the axlebox body and on the other end to the bogie frame, while in the bogie subject of this invention both the ends of the spring are connected to the journals of the wheelsets trough pivoting axlebox arms.
  • the bogie comprises a supporting plate, is reversibly connected to the lower surface of the vehicle, from which the convex half-sphere protrudes towards the concave half sphere of the centre bowl located on the bogie frame.
  • Wheelsets are functionally interconnected on each side of the bogie being rotationally connected to a respective axlebox arm which in turn is rotationally connected to a respective end of the horizontal cylindrical spring.
  • said two horizontal springs are of the continuously progressive stiffness kind, with relevant advantages in terms of operation and of quality of the dynamic behaviour of the suspension.
  • bogie frame can house conventional inboard bearings wheelsets as well as innovative wheelsets, with or without torque limiters, with fixed (non-rotating) axlebridge, further increasing both safety and maintenance easiness.
  • a first embodiment there are four side bearers, two per side, such that the forces they provide to the lower part of the car body generate stabilizing torques in presence of rotations around both a transversal and a longitudinal axis.
  • the configuration of said system is completed by two anti-pitch bearers, aligned along the longitudinal axis of the bogie and located respectively before and after the centre bowl, which contrast the pitch of the car body around the transversal axis of the centre bowl .
  • Figure 1 shows the views of the bogie. The drawing does not include the wheels of one of the two wheelsets and the brake units .
  • each axlebox arm has centrally a rotational coupling with the cylindrical hinges (3); each axlebox arm (6) is rotationally connected at one end at the end of the horizontal helical springs (8) and at the other end with a wheelset (7) .
  • anti-pitch bearers (9) are independent from side bearers and are located between the centre bowl (2) and the supporting plate (10), the latter being connected to the lower part of the car body.
  • anti-pitch bearers (9) are aligned along a longitudinal axis passing through the vertical axis of the centre bowl (2) and are located one in front and one on the rear of the centre bowl (2) .
  • Figure 2 shows an axonometric projection of the same design solution shown in Fig. 1.
  • FIG 3 shows a different embodiment, in which there are four side bearers (5) , two per side of the bogie, located at the corners of a horizontal rectangle whose barycentre is on the vertical axis of the centre bowl.
  • each side bearer (5) is preloaded with only one spring and there are no anti-pitch bearers (9) .
  • Figure 4 shows an axonometric projection of the same embodiment shown in Fig. 3.
  • the bogie object of this invention comprises a truss frame (1) with the shape of a pyramid with rectangular base.
  • the top of the pyramid houses the spherical centre bowl (2), i.e. a concave half sphere that mates with a corresponding convex half-sphere that protrudes downwards from a supporting plate (10) connected to the lower part of the car body.
  • connection of the supporting plate (10) to the lower surface of the car body can be reversible. Typically, it is fixed to the car body through four M24 screws.
  • the half spheres are made of metal, such that the interpositions of a suitable friction material is required to avoid metal-to- metal sliding.
  • a cylindrical hinge (3) is located, whose horizontal axis is transversal to the longitudinal axis of the bogie.
  • Each hinge (3) is rotationally connected to the central part of a respective axlebox arm (6) .
  • the ends of each axlebox arm are respectively rotationally connected to the end of a progressive spring (8) and to a wheelset (7) .
  • the bogie comprises therefore two progressive springs (8), one per side; according to a particularly favourable embodiment, said springs (8) have their axis horizontal, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bogie.
  • the pyramidal frame is completed by two side frames (4), which develops transversally, on whose ends side bearers (5) are located. Said side bearers (5) are preloaded by springs such that their upper surface, made of suitable friction material, permanently touches the lower part of the car body. Side bearers (5) contrast car body roll movements and the action of friction elements dampens bogie yaw movements with respect to the car body.
  • progressive helical springs (8) have both variable wire pitch and wire section.
  • anti-pitch bearers (9) covered with suitable friction material are interposed between the lower face of the supporting plate (10) and the upper part of the truss frame (1) to suppress car body / bogie frame relative pitch.
  • anti-pitch bearers (9) are aligned with the centre bowl (1) along the longitudinal axis of the bogie.
  • side bearers (5) are split and are located at the corners of a horizontal rectangle whose barycentre is located on the vertical axis of the centre bowl (2) .
  • each side-bearer (5) is preloaded by one spring only.
  • the fact that side bearers (5) are far from both the transversal axis and the longitudinal axis of the bogie make them capable to prevent both roll and pitch, with the further advantage that during braking the relative forces are reacted by the side bearers (5) and the bogie frame (1) is less subjected to both bending and torsion as the braking torque is no more reacted in the centre bowl (2) area.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Steering Devices For Bicycles And Motorcycles (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un bogie ferroviaire à deux essieux comprenant un cadre d'armature interne relié à des trains de roues par des bras pivotants, qui sont reliés à des ressorts progressifs.
PCT/IT2019/050240 2018-12-06 2019-11-12 Bogie ferroviaire à deux essieux WO2020115778A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT202018000003890 2018-12-06
IT202018000003890U IT201800003890U1 (it) 2018-12-06 2018-12-06 Carrello a due assi per veicoli su rotaie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020115778A1 true WO2020115778A1 (fr) 2020-06-11

Family

ID=68771736

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT2019/050240 WO2020115778A1 (fr) 2018-12-06 2019-11-12 Bogie ferroviaire à deux essieux

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) IT201800003890U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020115778A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111994118A (zh) * 2020-08-14 2020-11-27 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 轨道车辆

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE883292C (de) * 1951-10-16 1953-07-16 Wegmann & Co Abfederung eines zweiachsigen Drehgestells fuer Schienenfahrzeuge mit durch Achslenker abgestuetzten Achslagern
US2957433A (en) * 1957-05-22 1960-10-25 Transit Res Corp Railway truck
US2981207A (en) * 1957-06-18 1961-04-25 Luxembourg Brev Participations Railway trucks and similar carriages
US4356775A (en) * 1978-01-18 1982-11-02 H. Neil Paton Damped railway car suspension
WO2007036234A1 (fr) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Thule Sweden Ab Disposition d'une suspension a plusieurs roues
EP3299247A1 (fr) * 2016-09-27 2018-03-28 VÚKV a.s. Bogie pour véhicule ferroviaire

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE883292C (de) * 1951-10-16 1953-07-16 Wegmann & Co Abfederung eines zweiachsigen Drehgestells fuer Schienenfahrzeuge mit durch Achslenker abgestuetzten Achslagern
US2957433A (en) * 1957-05-22 1960-10-25 Transit Res Corp Railway truck
US2981207A (en) * 1957-06-18 1961-04-25 Luxembourg Brev Participations Railway trucks and similar carriages
US4356775A (en) * 1978-01-18 1982-11-02 H. Neil Paton Damped railway car suspension
WO2007036234A1 (fr) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Thule Sweden Ab Disposition d'une suspension a plusieurs roues
EP3299247A1 (fr) * 2016-09-27 2018-03-28 VÚKV a.s. Bogie pour véhicule ferroviaire

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111994118A (zh) * 2020-08-14 2020-11-27 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 轨道车辆
CN111994118B (zh) * 2020-08-14 2022-02-01 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 轨道车辆

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT201800003890U1 (it) 2020-06-06

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