WO2020113798A1 - 一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻及其生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻及其生产工艺 Download PDF

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WO2020113798A1
WO2020113798A1 PCT/CN2019/072509 CN2019072509W WO2020113798A1 WO 2020113798 A1 WO2020113798 A1 WO 2020113798A1 CN 2019072509 W CN2019072509 W CN 2019072509W WO 2020113798 A1 WO2020113798 A1 WO 2020113798A1
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diamond
long
hole drill
parts
life
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PCT/CN2019/072509
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English (en)
French (fr)
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庄政伟
庄敏伟
杭海滨
郑雷
董香龙
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江苏锋菱超硬工具有限公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B23B51/04—Drills for trepanning
    • B23B51/0413—Drills for trepanning with core-cutting-off devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
    • B23B2200/04—Overall shape
    • B23B2200/0423—Irregular

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill for drilling military armor Kevlar layer.
  • Kevlar layer used in military armor has a dense structure and high hardness. Using the current mainstream high-end diamond hole drill to open holes in this material is generally difficult to work for the following reasons:
  • the electroplated and brazed diamond hole drill has a high diamond concentration in the working part of about 200%.
  • the carcass has a strong grip on diamond; but it is generally a single-layer structure, so the initial use is sharp. Once the diamond is slightly worn , There is no diamond supplement in the follow-up, which leads to the waste of cutting halfway;
  • the sintered diamond hole drill belongs to the multi-layer diamond structure, but due to the limitation of the production process, the concentration of the working part generally does not exceed 100% (international concentration standard for diamond products).
  • the concentration of the working part generally does not exceed 100% (international concentration standard for diamond products).
  • the sharpness is insufficient, and the carcass is too hard, which will cause the subsequent diamonds to be out of use in time; the carcass is too soft, because the work object is too hard, the reaction force received by the working part will cause the carcass to wear quickly, and cannot continue working.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above shortcomings and provide a long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill for military armor Kevlar layer drilling.
  • a long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill for military armor Kevlar layer drilling characterized in that it includes an upper working section and a lower mounting section, wherein the working section includes an upper working section and a lower connecting section,
  • the long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill for military armor Kevlar layer drilling is provided with through holes penetrating from top to bottom.
  • the top of the working section is provided with a diamond layer.
  • the diamond layer is located on the outer side and top of the top of the working section On the end face, the diamond layer on the top of the working section has a wavy tooth structure.
  • the wave-shaped tooth structure includes spaced outer arc segments and inner arc segments, and adjacent outer arc segments and inner arc segments are connected by a transition arc segment.
  • the diamond in the diamond layer adopts the following mixed diamond method: #70/80+#80/100+#100/120 three diamond mixing methods, the three particle size models are MBD10, three diamonds The number of particles floating up and down shall not exceed 20%.
  • the carcass formulation of the working section is formulated according to parts by weight as follows: Co32-38 parts, Ni18-21 parts, CuSn20 alloy powder 13-15 parts, Cu14-17 parts, and NiCrP alloy powder 14-18 parts.
  • Step 1 Set the weight of each material in the working part according to the volume of the working part and referring to the bulk density of the metal powder and the density after melting;
  • Step 2 Determine the diamond concentration to be 150%
  • Step 3 Mix the weighed metal powder and diamond in a sealed three-dimensional mixing cylinder
  • Step 4 Put the mixed diamond and metal powder and matrix into the graphite mold
  • Step 5 Cold press molding the product installed in the graphite mold, and then pressurizing and sintering it together with this mold in a medium frequency sintering furnace at a temperature of 680°C-720°C;
  • Step 6 Move the mold to a vacuum brazing furnace: braze at a temperature of 900°C-920°C in an atmosphere with a vacuum degree higher than 3 ⁇ 10 -3 Pa to cause NiCrP alloy powder and diamond in the carcass Chemical metallurgical combination; then naturally cool to room temperature, take out the graphite mold, and remove the product from the mold;
  • Step 7 According to the requirements of the product drawings, the working department will carry out the sharpening process
  • Step 8 The entire product surface is nickel plated to prevent rust
  • Step 9 Packing after acceptance.
  • the invention provides a long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill for military armor Kevlar layer drilling and its production process has the advantages of long service life and strong cutting ability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of a long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill for military armor Kevlar layer drilling.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of a long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill for military armor Kevlar layer drilling.
  • FIG. 4 is a top plan view of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of a long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill for military armor Kevlar layer drilling.
  • FIG. 6 is a top plan view of FIG. 5.
  • Embodiment 7 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 of a long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill for military armor Kevlar layer drilling.
  • FIG. 8 is a top plan view of FIG. 7.
  • the present invention relates to a long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill for military armor Kevlar layer drilling, which includes an upper working part 100 and a lower mounting part 200, military armor Kev
  • the total length of the long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill for pulling layer drilling is 64.75mm, of which the working part 100 has a length of 34.25mm, the outer surface is matte, and the installation part 200 has a length of 30.5mm, the outer surface is bright, and the working part 100 includes an upper working section 101 and a lower connecting section 102, and a long-life ultra-thin sintered brazing hole drill for military armor Kevlar layer drilling is provided with through holes penetrating from top to bottom.
  • the top of the working section 101 is provided with a diamond layer 103 with a height of 4.5 mm-5.5 mm.
  • the thickness of the diamond layer 103 is 0.05 mm-0.08 mm.
  • the diamond layer 103 is located on the top outer side and top end surface of the working section 101.
  • the diamond layer 103 on the top of the working section 101 has a wavy tooth structure.
  • the wavy tooth structure includes spaced outer arc sections 103.1 and inner arc sections 103.2, and the adjacent outer arc sections and inner arc sections pass through the transition arc section 103.3 Connection.
  • a specific structure of a long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill for military armor Kevlar layer drilling uses the following four examples:
  • the outer diameter of the working part 100 is 5.86mm, the wall thickness is 0.5mm, the outer diameter of the mounting part 200 is 11.5mm, the lower part of the through hole is a 6mm inner diameter through hole with a height of 27.1mm, the height of the diamond layer 103 is 4.5mm, and the top surface of the diamond layer 103 includes Five sets of uniformly distributed outer arc segments and inner arc segments, the corresponding diameter of the outer arc segment is 6mm, the corresponding diameter of the inner arc segment is 4.75mm, the outer side of the transition arc segment has a transition radius of R0.2mm and R0.3mm, The inner side of the transition arc has a transition radius of R0.1mm and R0.5mm.
  • Figure 2 For other parameters, see Figure 2.
  • the outer diameter of the working part 100 is 7.9mm, the wall thickness is 0.5mm, the outer diameter of the mounting part 200 is 11.5mm, the lower part of the through hole is a 6mm inner diameter through hole with a height of 41mm, the height of the diamond layer 103 is 5.5mm, and the top surface of the diamond layer 103 includes seven
  • the outer arc segment and inner arc segment of the group are evenly distributed.
  • the diameter of the outer arc segment is 8.05mm
  • the diameter of the inner arc segment is 6.8mm
  • the outer side of the transition arc segment has a transition radius of R0.1mm and R0.4mm.
  • the inner side of the transition arc has a transition radius of R0.1mm and R0.5mm.
  • the outer diameter of the working part 100 is 9.86mm, the wall thickness is 0.5mm, the outer diameter of the mounting part 200 is 11.5mm, the lower part of the through hole is a 5.8mm inner diameter through hole with a height of 40.7mm, the height of the diamond layer 103 is 5.5mm, and the top surface of the diamond layer 103 Including nine sets of uniformly distributed outer arc segments and inner arc segments, the corresponding diameter of the outer arc segment is 10.05mm, the corresponding diameter of the inner arc segment is 8.8mm, the outer side of the transition arc segment has R0.1mm and R0.5mm transition Radius, the inner side of the transition arc has a transition radius of R0.1mm and R0.3mm. For other parameters, see Figure 6.
  • the outer diameter of the working part 100 is 11.9mm, the wall thickness is 0.5mm, the outer diameter of the mounting part 200 is 11.5mm, the lower part of the through hole is a 6mm inner diameter through hole with a height of 40.25mm, the height of the diamond layer 103 is 4.5mm, and the top surface of the diamond layer 103 includes Ten sets of uniformly distributed outer arc segments and inner arc segments, the corresponding diameter of the outer arc segment is 12.1mm, the corresponding diameter of the inner arc segment is 10.85mm, the outer side of the transition arc segment has a transition radius of R0.3mm, the transition arc segment The inner side of has a transition radius of R0.1mm and R0.4mm. For other parameters, see Figure 8.
  • a long-life ultra-thin sintered brazed hole drill production process for military armor Kevlar layer drilling is aimed at the problems in use of the current mainstream diamond hole drills in the above background technology, considering the following two aspects: on the one hand The drill must have a high concentration of electroplated and brazed hole drills. On the other hand, it must have a multi-layer structure of sintered hole drills. At the same time, the hardness and wear resistance of the carcass should be matched with the diamond layer: try to reach the diamond layer during use.
  • the metal powder (parts by weight) with high cobalt formula is selected for the reason of the workpiece material: Co32-38 parts, Ni18-21 parts, CuSn20 alloy powder 13-15 parts, Cu14-17 parts, NiCrP 14-18 parts of alloy powder;
  • the cooling of the hole drill is particularly important, so the high and low staggered wave tooth shape is designed in the working part of the hole drill, on the one hand, it is convenient for the coolant to be timely It enters the working part for cooling.
  • this design helps to eliminate the debris, and it is not easy to produce the bad situation of burning the cutter head or using slip; at the same time, the substrate is made of 40Cr material: this material has good toughness and has a certain shock absorption function. ;
  • Mold design because the workpiece is dense and hard, in order to improve the working efficiency of drilling, on the premise of ensuring the bonding strength of the working part of the product, the thinner the wall thickness of the working part, the better.
  • the wall thickness of the working part designed for this is 0.4 +/-0.1mm, such ultra-thin structure and wavy tooth shape design can maximize the drilling speed.
  • Step 1 Set the weight of each material in the working part according to the volume of the working part and referring to the bulk density of the metal powder and the density after melting;
  • Step 2 Determine the diamond concentration to be 150%. In the case where the three diamond particles are basically the same, determine the weight of the three diamonds according to the particle size of the diamond;
  • Step 3 Mix the weighed metal powder and diamond in a sealed three-dimensional mixing cylinder for more than 6 hours;
  • Step 4 Put the mixed diamond and metal powder and the substrate of 40Cr material into a graphite mold (the mold inner wall is coated with a release agent; to ensure the accuracy of use, this substrate of 40Cr material is produced by a CNC machining center);
  • Step 5 Cold-press molding the product loaded into the graphite mold, and then sinter it together with this mold in an intermediate frequency sintering furnace at a temperature of 680°C-720°C for 10-20 minutes, preferably 15 minutes; (traditional simple sintering The sintering temperature of the process is above 800 °C, this process reduces the sintering temperature.)
  • Step 6 Move the mold to a vacuum brazing furnace: braze at a temperature of 900°C-920°C in an atmosphere with a vacuum degree higher than 3 ⁇ 10 -3 Pa, preferably 920°C, and keep it warm for 10 minutes, (
  • the traditional simple brazing process has a brazing temperature of 1000°C-1100°C, which reduces the brazing temperature.)
  • the NiCrP alloy powder in the carcass is chemically metallurgically combined with diamond, which greatly improves the bonding force between diamond and carcass ; Then naturally cool to room temperature, take out the graphite mold, and remove the product from the mold;
  • Step 7 the working department carries out "sharpening" treatment, and at the same time, the 40Cr base body is precision trimmed, and the concentricity of the product is not required to exceed 0.05mm;
  • Step 8 The entire product surface is nickel plated to prevent rust
  • Step 9 Packing after acceptance.
  • Example 1 For example, Example 1.
  • Step 1 Set the proportion and weight of each metal powder in the working part according to the volume of the working part 0.043CM 3 , and referring to the concentration of diamond and the bulk density and density of the metal powder required: Co35 parts 0.079 g , Ni20 parts 0.045 g, CuSn20 alloy powder 15 parts 0.034 g, Cu15 parts 0.034 g, NiCrP alloy powder 15 parts 0.034 g; (minimum production quantity 1000);
  • Step 2 Determine the diamond concentration to be 150%.
  • #70/80 is 58 parts 0.033 grams
  • #80/ 100 is 30 servings 0.017 grams
  • #100/120 is 12 servings 0.007 grams
  • Step 3 Mix the weighed metal powder and diamond in a sealed three-dimensional mixing cylinder for more than 6 hours;
  • Step 4 Put the mixed diamond and metal powder and 40Cr matrix into the graphite mold
  • Step 5 Cold press molding the product installed in the graphite mold, and then pressurizing and sintering with the mold at a temperature of 700°C for 15 minutes in an intermediate frequency sintering furnace
  • Step 6 Move the mold to a vacuum brazing furnace: braze at a temperature of 910°C in an atmosphere with a vacuum higher than 3 ⁇ 10 -3 Pa, and keep it warm for 10 minutes, so that the NiCrP alloy powder in the carcass and The diamond is chemically metallurgically combined, which greatly improves the bonding force between the diamond and the carcass; then it is naturally cooled to room temperature, the graphite mold is taken out, and the product is demolded and removed;
  • Step 7 the working department carries out "sharpening" treatment, and at the same time, the 40Cr base body is precision trimmed, and the concentricity of the product is not required to exceed 0.05mm;
  • Step 8 The entire product surface is nickel plated to prevent rust
  • Step 9 Packing after acceptance.
  • Step 1 Set the proportion and weight of each metal powder in the working part according to the volume of the working part 0.043CM 3 , and referring to the concentration of diamond and the bulk density and density of the metal powder required: Co32 parts 0.072 g , Ni18 parts 0.041 g, CuSn20 alloy powder 15 parts 0.034 g, Cu17 parts 0.038 g, NiCrP alloy powder 18 parts 0.041 g; (minimum production quantity 1000);
  • Step 2 Determine the diamond concentration to be 150%.
  • #70/80 is 58 parts 0.033 grams
  • #80/ 100 is 30 servings 0.017 grams
  • #100/120 is 12 servings 0.007 grams
  • Step 3 Mix the weighed metal powder and diamond in a sealed three-dimensional mixing cylinder for more than 6 hours;
  • Step 4 Put the mixed diamond and metal powder and 40Cr matrix into the graphite mold
  • Step 5 Cold press molding the product installed in the graphite mold, and then pressurize and sinter it together with this mold in a medium frequency sintering furnace at a temperature of 680°C for 15 minutes;
  • Step 6 Move the mold to a vacuum brazing furnace: braze at 900°C in an atmosphere with a vacuum degree higher than 3 ⁇ 10 -3 Pa, and keep it warm for 10 minutes, so that the NiCrP alloy powder in the carcass is The diamond is chemically metallurgically combined, which greatly improves the bonding force between the diamond and the carcass; then it is naturally cooled to room temperature, the graphite mold is taken out, and the product is demolded and removed;
  • Step 7 the work department performs "sharpening" treatment, and at the same time, the 40Cr base body is precision trimmed, which requires the product's concentricity to not exceed 0.05mm;
  • Step 8 The entire product surface is nickel plated to prevent rust
  • Step 9 Packing after acceptance.
  • Step 1 Set the proportion and weight of each metal powder in the working part according to the volume of the working part 0.043CM 3 , and referring to the concentration of diamond and the bulk density and density of the metal powder required: Co38 parts 0.086 g , Ni21 parts 0.047 g, CuSn20 alloy powder 13 parts 0.029 g, Cu14 parts 0.032 g, NiCrP alloy powder 14 parts 0.032 g; (minimum production quantity 1000);
  • Step 2 Determine the diamond concentration to be 150%.
  • #70/80 is 58 parts 0.033 grams
  • #80/ 100 is 30 servings 0.017 grams
  • #100/120 is 12 servings 0.007 grams
  • Step 3 Mix the weighed metal powder and diamond in a sealed three-dimensional mixing cylinder for more than 6 hours;
  • Step 4 Put the mixed diamond and metal powder and 40Cr matrix into the graphite mold
  • Step 5 Cold press molding the product installed in the graphite mold, and then pressurizing and sintering together with this mold in an intermediate frequency sintering furnace at a temperature of 720°C for 15 minutes;
  • Step 6 Move the mold to a vacuum brazing furnace: braze at a temperature of 920°C in a vacuum with a degree of vacuum higher than 3 ⁇ 10 -3 Pa, and keep it warm for 10 minutes to make the NiCrP alloy powder in the carcass and
  • the diamond is chemically metallurgically combined, which greatly improves the bonding force between the diamond and the carcass; then it is naturally cooled to room temperature, the graphite mold is taken out, and the product is demolded and removed;
  • Step 7 the working department carries out "sharpening" treatment, and at the same time, the 40Cr base body is precision trimmed, and the concentricity of the product is not required to exceed 0.05mm;
  • Step 8 The entire product surface is nickel plated to prevent rust
  • Step 9 Packing after acceptance.
  • Tool life of the first embodiment 120-150 holes
  • Tool life of the second embodiment 105-120 holes
  • Tool life of the third embodiment 110-125 holes
  • Tool life of sintered diamond hole drill (8MM diameter, #70/80 grain size): 2-4 holes (the difference is that the recommended feed rate is 6-8mm/min).

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Abstract

一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻，包括上段的工作部（100）以及下段的安装部（200），其中工作部包括上段的工作段（101）以及下段的连接段（102），孔钻内设置有从上至下贯通的通孔，工作段的顶部设置有金刚石层（103），金刚石层位于工作段的顶部外侧面以及顶部端面，其中工作段顶部的金刚石层呈一个波浪齿形结构。该军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻使用寿命长、切削能力强。还涉及一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻的生产工艺。

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻及其生产工艺 技术领域
本发明涉及一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻。
背景技术
用于军工装甲的凯夫拉层结构致密、硬度高。采用目前主流的高档金刚石孔钻在此材料上面开孔，一般难以奏效，原因如下：
1、电镀与钎焊的金刚石孔钻，其工作部金刚石浓度高，达到200％左右，同时胎体对于金刚石的把持力也强；但一般为单层结构，所以初始使用锋利，一旦金刚石稍有磨损，后续没有金刚石补充，导致切削半途而废；
2、烧结金刚石孔钻，属于多层金刚石结构，但因为生产工艺的限制，工作部的浓度一般均不超过100％(金刚石制品国际浓度标准)。使用时，锋利度不足，同时胎体过硬会导致后续的金刚石无法及时出刃使用；胎体过软，因为工作的对象过于坚硬，工作部使用时受到的反作用力会使胎体很快磨损，不能持续工作。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述不足，提供一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻，其特征在于它包括上段的工作部以及下段的安装部，其中工作部包括上段的工作段以 及下段的连接段，军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻内设置有从上至下贯通的通孔，工作段的顶部设置有金刚石层，金刚石层位于工作段的顶部外侧面以及顶部端面，其中工作段顶部的金刚石层呈一个波浪齿形结构。
作为一种优选，波浪齿形结构包括间隔布置的外弧段以及内弧段，相邻的外弧段以及内弧段之间通过过渡弧段连接。
作为一种优选，金刚石层中的金刚石采用以下混合金刚石的方式：#70/80+#80/100+#100/120三种金刚石混合的方式，三种粒度的型号均为MBD10，三种金刚石的颗粒数上下浮动不得超过20％。
作为一种优选，工作段的胎体配方按照重量份数如下配比：Co32-38份，Ni18-21份，CuSn20合金粉13-15份，Cu14-17份，NiCrP合金粉14-18份。
一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻的生产工艺如下：
步骤一、根据工作部的体积，以及参照金属粉末的散装密度与熔化后的密度设定工作部每种材料的重量；
步骤二、确定金刚石浓度为150％；
步骤三、将称量好的金属粉末与金刚石在密封的三维混合筒中混合；
步骤四、将混合好的金刚石和金属粉末与基体装入石墨模具；
步骤五、将装入石墨模具的产品冷压成型，然后连同此模具在中频烧结炉中以680℃-720℃的温度加压烧结；
步骤六、将模具移到真空钎焊炉中：在真空度高于3×10 -3Pa的氛围中， 以900℃-920℃的温度钎焊，使胎体中的NiCrP合金粉与金刚石发生化学冶金结合；然后自然冷却到室温，取出石墨模具，将产品脱模去除；
步骤七、根据产品图纸要求，工作部进行修刃处理；
步骤八、整个产品表面进行镀镍防锈处理；
步骤九、验收合格后进行包装。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻及其生产工艺具有使用寿命长、切削能力强等优点。
附图说明
图1为一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻实施例1示意图。
图2为图1的顶部俯视图。
图3为一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻实施例2示意图。
图4为图3的顶部俯视图。
图5为一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻实施例3示意图。
图6为图5的顶部俯视图。
图7为一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻实施例4示意图。
图8为图7的顶部俯视图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
参见图1-图8，本发明涉及的一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻，它包括上段的工作部100以及下段的安装部200，军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻的总长度为64.75mm，其中工作部100长度为34.25mm，外表面亚光，安装部200长度为30.5mm，外表面光亮，其中工作部100包括上段的工作段101以及下段的连接段102，军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻内设置有从上至下贯通的通孔。
其中工作段101的顶部设置有4.5mm-5.5mm高度的金刚石层103，金刚石层103厚度为0.05mm-0.08mm，金刚石层103位于工作段101的顶部外侧面以及顶部端面。其中工作段101顶部的金刚石层103呈一个波浪齿形结构，波浪齿形结构包括间隔布置的外弧段103.1以及内弧段103.2，相邻的外弧段以及内弧段之间通过过渡弧段103.3连接。
具体的一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻的结构举出一下四组实施例：
实施例1、
工作部100外径5.86mm，壁厚0.5mm，安装部200外径11.5mm，通孔下段为27.1mm高度的6mm内径的通孔，金刚石层103高度为4.5mm， 金刚石层103的顶面包括五组均布的外弧段以及内弧段，外弧段对应的直径为6mm，内弧段对应的直径为4.75mm，过渡弧段的外侧面具有R0.2mm以及R0.3mm的过渡半径，过渡弧段的内侧面具有R0.1mm以及R0.5mm的过渡半径，其他一些参数见附图2。
实施例2、
工作部100外径7.9mm，壁厚0.5mm，安装部200外径11.5mm，通孔下段为41mm高度的6mm内径的通孔，金刚石层103高度为5.5mm，金刚石层103的顶面包括七组均布的外弧段以及内弧段，外弧段对应的直径为8.05mm，内弧段对应的直径为6.8mm，过渡弧段的外侧面具有R0.1mm以及R0.4mm的过渡半径，过渡弧段的内侧面具有R0.1mm以及R0.5mm的过渡半径，其他一些参数见附图4。
实施例3、
工作部100外径9.86mm，壁厚0.5mm，安装部200外径11.5mm，通孔下段为40.7mm高度的5.8mm内径的通孔，金刚石层103高度为5.5mm，金刚石层103的顶面包括九组均布的外弧段以及内弧段，外弧段对应的直径为10.05mm，内弧段对应的直径为8.8mm，过渡弧段的外侧面具有R0.1mm以及R0.5mm的过渡半径，过渡弧段的内侧面具有R0.1mm以及R0.3mm的过渡半径，其他一些参数见附图6。
实施例4、
工作部100外径11.9mm，壁厚0.5mm，安装部200外径11.5mm，通孔下段为40.25mm高度的6mm内径的通孔，金刚石层103高度为4.5mm，金刚石层103的顶面包括十组均布的外弧段以及内弧段，外弧段对应的直 径为12.1mm，内弧段对应的直径为10.85mm，过渡弧段的外侧面具有R0.3mm的过渡半径，过渡弧段的内侧面具有R0.1mm以及R0.4mm的过渡半径，其他一些参数见附图8。
一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻生产工艺来针对以上背景技术中目前主流的金刚石孔钻在使用中存在的问题，考虑以下两个方面：一方面孔钻要有电镀与钎焊孔钻的高浓度，另一方面又要有烧结孔钻的多层结构，同时胎体的硬度与耐磨性要与金刚石层匹配：使用过程中尽量达到与金刚石层同时磨损并保证持续出刃使用，因此设计为采用烧结孔钻来成型和固结工作部，再采用钎焊的方式使金刚石与胎体中的金属成分产生化学冶金结合，提高金刚石与胎体的结合力。
针对以上的思路进行下面的方案设计：
1、金刚石的选择，考虑到钻出的孔需要光洁，同时使用要锋利且寿命要长，采用混合金刚石的方式：#70/80+#80/100+#100/120三种金刚石混合的方式(河南中南钻石有限公司生产的金刚石，三种粒度的型号均为MBD10)，工作层中要求此三种金刚石的颗粒数基本一致，颗粒数上下浮动不得超过20％，同样浓度的金刚石，混合粒度使用锋利；
2、金刚石浓度的选择，因为此工艺涉及到烧结，如果金刚石浓度过高，则胎体无法有效地将金刚石把持住，因为工艺中加入了钎焊这个工序，根据试验，可以采用烧结金刚石制品的极限浓度150％(金刚石制品国际浓度标准)，针对寿命不足的问题，采用提高工作部金刚石含量也就是提高金刚石浓度来弥补；
3、胎体配方，因为工件材质的原因，选用高钴配方如下的金属粉末(重 量份数)：Co32-38份，Ni18-21份，CuSn20合金粉13-15份，Cu14-17份，NiCrP合金粉14-18份；
4、产品设计，考虑到使用时的工况，特别是材料过于致密、坚硬，孔钻的冷却尤为重要，所以在孔钻的工作部设计了高低错落的波浪齿形，一方面便于冷却液及时进入工作部冷却，另一方面此设计有助于碎屑的排除，不容易产生烧刀头或使用打滑的不良情况；同时基体采用40Cr材质生产：此材料韧性好，同时有一定的减震功能；
5、模具设计，因为工件致密和坚硬，为了提高钻孔的工作效率，在保证产品工作部结合强度的前提下，工作部的壁厚越薄越好，为此设计的工作部壁厚为0.4+/-0.1mm，如此超薄的结构加上波浪齿形的设计，能够最大限度地提高钻孔的速度。
一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻的生产工艺如下：
步骤一、根据工作部的体积，以及参照金属粉末的散装密度与熔化后的密度设定工作部每种材料的重量；
步骤二、确定金刚石浓度为150％，在三种金刚石颗粒基本一致的情况下，根据金刚石的粒径确定三种金刚石的重量；
步骤三、将称量好的金属粉末与金刚石在密封的三维混合筒中混合6小时以上；
步骤四、将混合好的金刚石和金属粉末与40Cr材质的基体装入石墨模具(此模具内壁涂有脱模剂；为保证使用精度，此40Cr材质的基体采用数控加工中心生产)；
步骤五、将装入石墨模具的产品冷压成型，然后连同此模具在中频烧结炉中以680℃-720℃的温度加压烧结10-20分钟，优选为15分钟；(传统的单纯的烧结工艺烧结温度为800℃以上，本工艺降低了烧结温度。)
步骤六、将模具移到真空钎焊炉中：在真空度高于3×10 -3Pa的氛围中，以900℃-920℃的温度钎焊，优选为920℃，并保温10分钟，(传统的单纯的钎焊工艺钎焊温度为1000℃-1100℃，本工艺降低了钎焊温度。)使胎体中的NiCrP合金粉与金刚石发生化学冶金结合，大大提高金刚石与胎体的结合力；然后自然冷却到室温，取出石墨模具，将产品脱模去除；
步骤七、根据产品图纸要求，工作部进行“修刃”处理，同时40Cr基体部分进行精密修整加工，要求产品的同心度不超过0.05mm；
步骤八、整个产品表面进行镀镍防锈处理；
步骤九、验收合格后进行包装。
举例，实施例一、
步骤一、根据工作部的体积0.043CM 3，以及参照金刚石的浓度和所需金属粉末的散装密度与熔化后的密度设定工作部每种金属粉料的配比和重量为:Co35份0.079克，Ni20份0.045克，CuSn20合金粉15份0.034克，Cu15份0.034克，NiCrP合金粉15份0.034克；(最少生产数量1000个)；
步骤二、确定金刚石浓度为150％，在三种金刚石颗粒基本一致的情况下，根据金刚石的粒径确定三种金刚石的配比和重量为；#70/80是58份0.033克，#80/100是30份0.017克，#100/120是12份0.007克；(最少生产数量1000个)；
步骤三、将称量好的金属粉末与金刚石在密封的三维混合筒中混合6 小时以上；
步骤四、将混合好的金刚石和金属粉末与40Cr材质的基体装入石墨模具；
步骤五、将装入石墨模具的产品冷压成型，然后连同此模具在中频烧结炉中以700℃的温度加压烧结15分钟；
步骤六、将模具移到真空钎焊炉中：在真空度高于3×10 -3Pa的氛围中，以910℃的温度钎焊，并保温10分钟，使胎体中的NiCrP合金粉与金刚石发生化学冶金结合，大大提高金刚石与胎体的结合力；然后自然冷却到室温，取出石墨模具，将产品脱模去除；
步骤七、根据产品图纸要求，工作部进行“修刃”处理，同时40Cr基体部分进行精密修整加工，要求产品的同心度不超过0.05mm；
步骤八、整个产品表面进行镀镍防锈处理；
步骤九、验收合格后进行包装。
实施例二、
步骤一、根据工作部的体积0.043CM 3，以及参照金刚石的浓度和所需金属粉末的散装密度与熔化后的密度设定工作部每种金属粉料的配比和重量为:Co32份0.072克，Ni18份0.041克，CuSn20合金粉15份0.034克，Cu17份0.038克，NiCrP合金粉18份0.041克；(最少生产数量1000个)；
步骤二、确定金刚石浓度为150％，在三种金刚石颗粒基本一致的情况下，根据金刚石的粒径确定三种金刚石的配比和重量为；#70/80是58份0.033克，#80/100是30份0.017克，#100/120是12份0.007克；(最少生产数量1000个)；
步骤三、将称量好的金属粉末与金刚石在密封的三维混合筒中混合6小时以上；
步骤四、将混合好的金刚石和金属粉末与40Cr材质的基体装入石墨模具；
步骤五、将装入石墨模具的产品冷压成型，然后连同此模具在中频烧结炉中以680℃的温度加压烧结15分钟；
步骤六、将模具移到真空钎焊炉中：在真空度高于3×10 -3Pa的氛围中，以900℃的温度钎焊，并保温10分钟，使胎体中的NiCrP合金粉与金刚石发生化学冶金结合，大大提高金刚石与胎体的结合力；然后自然冷却到室温，取出石墨模具，将产品脱模去除；
步骤七、根据产品图纸要求，工作部进行“修刃”处理，同时40Cr基体部分进行精密修整加工，要求产品的同心度不超过0.05mm；
步骤八、整个产品表面进行镀镍防锈处理；
步骤九、验收合格后进行包装。
实施例三、
步骤一、根据工作部的体积0.043CM 3，以及参照金刚石的浓度和所需金属粉末的散装密度与熔化后的密度设定工作部每种金属粉料的配比和重量为:Co38份0.086克，Ni21份0.047克，CuSn20合金粉13份0.029克，Cu14份0.032克，NiCrP合金粉14份0.032克；(最少生产数量1000个)；
步骤二、确定金刚石浓度为150％，在三种金刚石颗粒基本一致的情况下，根据金刚石的粒径确定三种金刚石的配比和重量为；#70/80是58份0.033克，#80/100是30份0.017克，#100/120是12份0.007克；(最少生 产数量1000个)；
步骤三、将称量好的金属粉末与金刚石在密封的三维混合筒中混合6小时以上；
步骤四、将混合好的金刚石和金属粉末与40Cr材质的基体装入石墨模具；
步骤五、将装入石墨模具的产品冷压成型，然后连同此模具在中频烧结炉中以720℃的温度加压烧结15分钟；
步骤六、将模具移到真空钎焊炉中：在真空度高于3×10 -3Pa的氛围中，以920℃的温度钎焊，并保温10分钟，使胎体中的NiCrP合金粉与金刚石发生化学冶金结合，大大提高金刚石与胎体的结合力；然后自然冷却到室温，取出石墨模具，将产品脱模去除；
步骤七、根据产品图纸要求，工作部进行“修刃”处理，同时40Cr基体部分进行精密修整加工，要求产品的同心度不超过0.05mm；
步骤八、整个产品表面进行镀镍防锈处理；
步骤九、验收合格后进行包装。
针对以上三组实施例以及市场上最佳性能的钎焊金刚石孔钻和烧结金刚石孔钻进行实验对比：
试验条件：
实验设备：XH715D立式加工中心，主轴电机功率：7.5/11KW，主轴输出扭矩：35.8/70.3Nm，主轴转速：60～8000rpm。
冷却：乳化液；
实验参数范围(孔径8mm)：
材料：6mm厚SiC超高硬度陶瓷；
推荐进给速度(mm/min)：10-14；
推荐主轴转速(r/min)：6000-6500。
试验结果：
实施例一的刀具寿命：120-150个孔；
实施例二的刀具寿命：105-120个孔；
实施例三的刀具寿命：110-125个孔；
钎焊金刚石孔钻(8MM直径，#70/80粒度)的刀具寿命：3-6个孔；
烧结金刚石孔钻(8MM直径，#70/80粒度)的刀具寿命：2-4个孔(区别点在于推荐进给速度为6-8mm/min)。
从以上对比试验结果可以看出，烧结加钎焊的复合型工艺以及上述配方的组合使得制作成的金刚石孔钻的性能远远大于传统的市场上最佳性能的钎焊金刚石孔钻和烧结金刚石孔钻的性能。
以上仅是本发明的具体应用范例，对本发明的保护范围不构成任何限制。凡采用等同变换或者等效替换而形成的技术方案，均落在本发明权利保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻，其特征在于它包括上段的工作部以及下段的安装部，其中工作部包括上段的工作段以及下段的连接段，军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻内设置有从上至下贯通的通孔，工作段的顶部设置有金刚石层，金刚石层位于工作段的顶部外侧面以及顶部端面，其中工作段顶部的金刚石层呈一个波浪齿形结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻，其特征在于波浪齿形结构包括间隔布置的外弧段以及内弧段，相邻的外弧段以及内弧段之间通过过渡弧段连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻，其特征在于金刚石层中的金刚石采用以下混合金刚石的方式：#70/80+#80/100+#100/120三种金刚石混合的方式，三种粒度的型号均为MBD10，三种金刚石的颗粒数上下浮动不得超过20％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻，其特征在于工作段的胎体配方按照重量份数如下配比：Co32-38份，Ni18-21份，CuSn20合金粉13-15份，Cu14-17份，NiCrP合金粉14-18份。
  5. 一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻的生产工艺，其特征在于先进行烧结工艺再进行钎焊工艺。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧 结钎焊孔钻的生产工艺：其特征在于烧结温度为680℃-720℃，钎焊温度为900℃-920℃。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻的生产工艺如下：
    步骤一、根据工作部的体积，以及参照金属粉末的散装密度与熔化后的密度设定工作部每种材料的重量；
    步骤二、确定金刚石浓度为150％；
    步骤三、将称量好的金属粉末与金刚石在密封的三维混合筒中混合；
    步骤四、将混合好的金刚石和金属粉末与基体装入石墨模具；
    步骤五、将装入石墨模具的产品冷压成型，然后连同此模具在中频烧结炉中以680℃-720℃的温度加压烧结；
    步骤六、将模具移到真空钎焊炉中：在真空度高于3×10 -3Pa的氛围中，以900℃-920℃的温度钎焊，使胎体中的NiCrP合金粉与金刚石发生化学冶金结合；然后自然冷却到室温，取出石墨模具，将产品脱模去除；
    步骤七、根据产品图纸要求，工作部进行修刃处理；
    步骤八、整个产品表面进行镀镍防锈处理；
    步骤九、验收合格后进行包装。
  8. 根据权利要求8所述的一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻的生产工艺，其特征在于金刚石采用以下混合金刚石的方式：#70/80+#80/100+#100/120三种金刚石混合的方式，三种粒度的型号均为MBD10，三种金刚石的颗粒数上下浮动不得超过20％。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧 结钎焊孔钻的生产工艺，其特征在于胎体配方按照重量份数如下配比：Co32-38份，Ni18-21份，CuSn20合金粉13-15份，Cu14-17份，NiCrP合金粉14-18份。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻的生产工艺，其特征在于基体为40Cr材质。
PCT/CN2019/072509 2018-12-05 2019-01-21 一种军工装甲凯夫拉层钻孔用长寿命超薄烧结钎焊孔钻及其生产工艺 WO2020113798A1 (zh)

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