WO2020087283A1 - Monomode optical fiber having surface waveguide, spr biosensor and preparation method - Google Patents

Monomode optical fiber having surface waveguide, spr biosensor and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020087283A1
WO2020087283A1 PCT/CN2018/112720 CN2018112720W WO2020087283A1 WO 2020087283 A1 WO2020087283 A1 WO 2020087283A1 CN 2018112720 W CN2018112720 W CN 2018112720W WO 2020087283 A1 WO2020087283 A1 WO 2020087283A1
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waveguide
optical fiber
mode optical
core
surface waveguide
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PCT/CN2018/112720
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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廖常锐
王义平
张云芳
林初跑
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深圳大学
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/112720 priority Critical patent/WO2020087283A1/en
Publication of WO2020087283A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020087283A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
    • G01N21/552—Attenuated total reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide, an SPR biosensor and a preparation method.
  • SPR surface plasmon resonance
  • the micro-nano fiber-coupled SPR sensor is the multi-mode fiber or single-mode fiber is drawn and thinned, when the waveguide is thin to a certain degree, the surface will produce a strong evanescent field, and a certain thickness is deposited on the surface of the cone In the metal layer, the evanescent field can effectively excite the plasmon to resonate and produce the SPR effect.
  • the disadvantage of this micro-nano fiber-coupled SPR sensor is that the tapered optical fiber destroys its inherent physical structure and reduces the mechanical strength of the sensor.
  • the side-polished fiber-coupled SPR sensor is to process the polishing surface on the side of the cylindrical surface of the fiber, so that the evanescent field of the light wave transmission mode of the fiber core reaches this plane, and then enters the metal layer deposited on the surface of the polishing area to excite The plasmon resonance in the metal layer produces the SPR effect, but there are still shortcomings, namely: the inherent physical structure of the optical fiber is destroyed to varying degrees, the mechanical strength of the sensor is greatly reduced, and it cannot be used in many applications.
  • the cladding mode of each stage of the tilted fiber grating generates total reflection at the interface between the cladding and the external medium, and the evanescent wave generated by the total reflection is used to excite the surface plasmon to resonate and generate SPR effect, but there are still disadvantages: the evanescent wave generated by total reflection is weak, and the efficiency of stimulating the SPR effect is low.
  • the photonic crystal fiber-coupled SPR sensor uses the non-cut-off single-model nature of the photonic crystal fiber and the controllable evanescent field penetration ability to excite plasmon resonance.
  • the refractive index of the liquid is measured by coating a film in the air hole of the photonic crystal fiber and filling the air hole with the liquid.
  • the disadvantage is that it needs to be coated inside the optical fiber, the process is more complicated, and the test solution needs to be accurately injected into the optical fiber during the test, and the operation is more cumbersome.
  • the existing optical fiber SPR sensor has the problems of destroying the physical structure of the optical fiber and reducing the mechanical strength, or the efficiency of exciting the SPR effect is low, or the manufacturing process is complicated.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide, SPR biosensor and preparation method, aiming to solve the physical structure of the optical fiber SPR sensor in the prior art is destroyed, reduce the mechanical strength, and stimulate the efficiency of the SPR effect Low, complex preparation process and other technical issues.
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides a single-mode optical fiber having a surface waveguide.
  • the single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding constituting a total reflection condition, and the cladding covers the core.
  • the cladding contains surface waveguides;
  • the surface waveguide is close to the surface of the cladding, and the surface waveguide is written using femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology, and the surface waveguide is used to generate a strong evanescent field that stimulates the SPR effect.
  • the cladding further includes a beam splitter and a beam combiner, one end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the beam splitter, and the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the beam combiner connection;
  • the other end of the beam splitter and the other end of the beam combiner are both parallel to the core and the distance is less than or equal to a preset distance, or both are written into the core, or form a pre-form with the core Set an angle;
  • Both the beam splitter and the beam combiner are written using femtosecond laser direct write waveguide technology.
  • the beam splitter includes a first linear waveguide and a first S-shaped waveguide
  • the beam combiner includes a second linear waveguide and a second S-shaped waveguide
  • One end of the first linear waveguide is connected to one end of the first S-shaped waveguide, the other end of the first S-shaped waveguide is connected to one end of the surface waveguide, and the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to the One end of the second S-shaped waveguide is connected, and the other end of the second S-shaped waveguide is connected to one end of the second linear waveguide;
  • the first linear waveguide and the second linear waveguide are parallel to the fiber core, and the distance from the fiber core is a preset value.
  • the beam splitter includes a third S-shaped waveguide, and the beam combiner includes a fourth S-shaped waveguide;
  • One end of the third S-shaped waveguide is written into the fiber core, the other end is connected to one end of the surface waveguide, and the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the fourth S-waveguide, the fourth The other end of the S-shaped waveguide is written into the core.
  • the length of the surface waveguide is 4mm ⁇ 8mm;
  • the curvature of the first S-shaped waveguide and the second S-shaped waveguide is 35 mm to 50 mm, or the curvature of the third S-shaped waveguide and the fourth S-shaped waveguide is 35 mm to 50 mm.
  • the beam splitter includes a third linear waveguide having an arc at one end
  • the beam combiner includes a fourth linear waveguide having an arc at one end
  • the third linear waveguide has an arc at one end and the surface waveguide One end is connected, and the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to the end of the fourth linear waveguide having an arc, and the length of the surface waveguide is 4 mm to 8 mm;
  • the third linear waveguide is longer than the fourth linear waveguide, the other end of the third linear waveguide crosses the fiber core to form a predetermined angle, and the other end of the fourth linear waveguide is written into the fiber And form the preset angle, the preset angle is 0.01rad ⁇ 0.05rad.
  • the second aspect of the present invention provides an SPR biosensor, comprising the single-mode optical fiber as described in the first aspect, the single-mode optical fiber is coated with a coating layer, and the coating layer is covered with oxidized dopamine A thin film layer, on which the dopamine thin film layer contains a DNA probe.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an SPR biosensor, including:
  • a single-mode fiber with a surface waveguide is obtained;
  • the SPR biosensor sample is put into a DNA probe molecular solution for oxidation, so that the oxidized dopamine film layer contains a DNA probe.
  • the magnetron sputtering coating method is used to coat the single-mode optical fiber with a coating layer, including:
  • the single-mode optical fiber is placed on an optical fiber rotating device, and the single-mode optical fiber is driven to rotate by the optical fiber rotating device, and during the rotation, a magnetron sputtering coating method is used to uniformly coat the single-mode optical fiber To obtain a coating layer.
  • the material of the coating layer includes a Ti / Ag / Au composite metal film, and the thickness of the coating layer is 45 nm to 60 nm.
  • the self-polymerization method is used to form a dopamine thin film layer with a predetermined thickness on the coating layer to obtain an SPR biosensor sample, including:
  • the single-mode optical fiber with a coating layer is taken out of the buffer solution, and a dopamine solution is put into self-assembly of a biocrosslinking film, so as to form a dopamine thin film layer with a predetermined thickness on the coating layer to obtain an SPR biosensor sample.
  • the single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding constituting a total reflection condition, the cladding covers the core, and the cladding includes a surface waveguide, the surface waveguide is close to the surface of the cladding, and the surface waveguide Written using femtosecond laser direct write waveguide technology, surface waveguide is used to generate a strong evanescent field that stimulates the SPR effect.
  • the surface waveguide in the single-mode optical fiber is written by using the femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology, so that the physical structure of the optical fiber will not be damaged, so that the single-mode optical fiber has strong mechanical strength, and because
  • the single-mode optical fiber contains a surface waveguide, which enables the light wave energy in the optical fiber core to be guided to the surface of the optical fiber, which generates a strong evanescent field, is simple to manufacture, and has high excitation efficiency.
  • the SPR biosensor including the above single-mode optical fiber will also avoid the problems of physical structure being destroyed and low mechanical strength, and also has the advantages of high efficiency to stimulate the SPR effect and simple preparation process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing an SPR biosensor in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an SPR biosensor preparation process in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a single-mode optical fiber having a surface waveguide includes a core and a cladding constituting a total reflection condition, the cladding covers the core, and the cladding includes a surface waveguide ;
  • the surface waveguide is close to the surface of the cladding.
  • the surface waveguide is written using femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology.
  • the surface waveguide is used to generate a strong evanescent field that stimulates the SPR effect.
  • the distance between the surface waveguide and the surface of the cladding is 0-5um.
  • the cladding further includes a beam splitter and a beam combiner, wherein one end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the beam splitter, and the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the beam combiner;
  • the other end of the beam splitter and the other end of the beam combiner are both parallel to the core in the cladding and the distance is less than or equal to the preset distance, or both are written into the core, or form a preset angle with the core; preferably Both the beam splitter and the beam combiner can be written using femtosecond laser direct write waveguide technology.
  • the above beam splitter, surface waveguide and beam combiner constitute a complete waveguide, wherein when one end of the beam splitter and beam combiner is parallel to the core and the distance is less than or equal to the preset distance, the waveguide
  • the splitter may be a directional coupling type waveguide.
  • the waveguide When both the beam splitter and the beam combiner are written into the core, the waveguide may be an S-shaped waveguide.
  • the waveguide When one end of the beam splitter crosses the core, a preset angle is formed, and When one end of the beam combiner is written into the fiber core, the waveguide may be an X-shaped waveguide.
  • the beam splitter is used to couple light from the core to the surface waveguide
  • the beam combiner is used to couple light from the surface waveguide to the core.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide in an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • the single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding constituting a total reflection condition, and the cladding covers the core, and
  • the cladding includes a directional coupling waveguide, which includes a beam splitter, a surface waveguide L3, and a beam combiner, wherein the beam splitter includes: a first linear waveguide L1 and a first S-shaped waveguide S1, a beam combiner It includes a second linear waveguide L2 and a second S-shaped waveguide S2.
  • one end of the first linear waveguide L1 is connected to one end of the first S-shaped waveguide S1
  • the other end of the first S-shaped waveguide S1 is connected to one end of the surface waveguide L3
  • the other end of the surface waveguide L3 is connected to the second S-shaped waveguide
  • One end of S2 is connected, and the other end of the second S-shaped waveguide S2 is connected to one end of the second linear waveguide L2.
  • the first linear waveguide L1 and the second linear waveguide L2 are parallel to the fiber core, and the distance from the fiber core is a preset value, the preset value is greater than 0, and in FIG. 1, the preset value is Take the distance d as an example.
  • the value of d may specifically be 2-10um.
  • the distance between the surface waveguide and the cladding surface is 0 ⁇ 5um.
  • the surface waveguide is written using femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology.
  • the surface waveguide is used to generate a strong evanescent field that stimulates the SPR effect.
  • the single-mode optical fiber is composed of a core and a cladding to form a total reflection condition, so that light can be transmitted in the core for a long distance with low loss.
  • the above-mentioned first linear waveguide L1 and second linear waveguide L2 are used for directional coupling with the fiber core, the first S-shaped waveguide S1 and the second S-shaped waveguide S2 are used to transmit optical energy to the surface waveguide L3, and the surface waveguide L3 guides the optical energy to the surface of the optical fiber, generating a strong evanescent field.
  • the curvature of the first S-shaped waveguide S1 and the second S-shaped waveguide S2 is 35 mm to 50 mm, preferably 50 mm, and the length of the surface waveguide L3 4mm ⁇ 8mm, preferably 5mm.
  • the distance between the first linear waveguide L1 and the second linear waveguide L2 and the core is the same, both are d, and the coupling efficiency of the directional coupling waveguide is the same as that of the first
  • the lengths of the linear waveguide L1 and the second linear waveguide L2 are related to the distance between the first linear waveguide L1 and the second linear waveguide L2 and the fiber core.
  • the coupling efficiency can be determined through a large number of experiments When the preset value (such as 75%) is satisfied, the relationship between the length of the linear waveguide and the above distance is not limited here.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide in another alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • the single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding that constitute a total reflection condition, and the cladding covers the core.
  • the cladding includes an S-shaped waveguide
  • the S-shaped waveguide includes a beam splitter, a surface waveguide L3, and a beam combiner, wherein the beam splitter includes a third S-shaped waveguide S3, and the beam combiner includes a fourth S-shaped waveguide S4.
  • one end of the third S-shaped waveguide S3 is written into the core, the other end is connected to one end of the surface waveguide L3, the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the fourth S-shaped waveguide, and the other end of the fourth S-shaped waveguide is written Core.
  • the length of the above surface waveguide is 4mm ⁇ 8mm
  • the distance between the surface waveguide and the cladding surface is 0 ⁇ 5um
  • the surface waveguide is written using femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology
  • the surface waveguide is used to generate strong SPR effects. Passing away.
  • the curvatures of the third S-shaped waveguide and the fourth S-shaped waveguide are 35 mm to 50 mm.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide in another alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • the single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding that constitute a total reflection condition, and the cladding covers the core , And the cladding contains an X-shaped waveguide, the X-shaped waveguide includes a beam splitter, a surface waveguide L3, and a beam combiner, wherein the beam splitter includes: a third linear waveguide L4 having an arc at one end, and the beam combiner includes : A fourth linear waveguide L5 having an arc at one end; wherein the third linear waveguide L4 having an arc is connected to one end of the surface waveguide L3, and the other end of the surface waveguide L3 is connected to an end having a curvature of the fourth linear waveguide L5, the surface The length of the waveguide is 4mm ⁇ 8mm, and the distance between the surface waveguide and the cladding surface is 0 ⁇ 5um.
  • the surface waveguide L3 is close to the surface of the cladding of the single-mode optical fiber, wherein the third linear waveguide L4 is longer than the fourth linear waveguide L5, and the third linear waveguide L4 crosses the core to form a preset angle, and the fourth linear waveguide L5 One end of the fiber extends to the core and forms a preset angle, as shown in the figure. It can be understood that the preset angle formed is 0.10 rad to 0.05 rad.
  • the arcs at the ends of the third linear waveguide L4 and the fourth linear waveguide L5 may be specifically arc-shaped, so that light can pass smoothly after being connected to the surface waveguide L3.
  • an SRP biosensor is also provided.
  • the SPR biosensor includes a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide in any of the embodiments of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 or 3, and the single-mode optical fiber is coated with a coating
  • the layer is covered with an oxidized dopamine film layer on the coating layer.
  • the dopamine film layer contains a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) probe.
  • the coating layer uses a metal film material
  • the metal film is used to provide a plasma that resonates with the evanescent wave on the surface of the optical fiber
  • the DNA probe is a synthetic fragment that uses a specific fragment of pathogenic microorganism DNA or RNA as a template. Single-stranded DNA fragments labeled with radioactivity or biotin.
  • the DNA molecules in this application are mainly used to specifically identify biomolecules.
  • Dopamine is used as a cross-linking agent for DNA probes and optical fiber surface waveguides. Crosslink, and form a thin film layer with controllable thickness on the surface of the substrate by a simple self-polymerization method.
  • the SPR biosensor in the embodiment of the present invention refers to an optical fiber SPR biosensor.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation method of the SPR biosensor in a feasible embodiment of the present invention, including:
  • Step 401 Use a femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology to write a surface waveguide in an initial single-mode optical fiber to obtain a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide;
  • the preparation process is described by taking the single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide shown in FIG. 1 as an example.
  • both ends of the directional coupling waveguide are parallel to the core of the single-mode optical fiber
  • the first linear waveguide L1 and the second linear waveguide L2, and the distance between the first linear waveguide L1 and the second linear waveguide L2 and the core are both d, the coupling efficiency of the directional coupling waveguide and the first linear waveguide L1 ,
  • the second linear waveguide L2 and the size of the distance d mentioned above, the surface waveguide L3 is the sensing area of the SPR biosensor.
  • the above step 401 specifically includes the following process: taking a section of ordinary single-mode optical fiber as the initial single-mode optical fiber, and stripping the coating layer of the preset length (for example: 2 cm) in the middle of the initial single-mode optical fiber with an optical fiber stripper, using Wipe the bare fiber cladding with alcohol-free dust-free paper; then fix the bare fiber cladding in the middle of the laser displacement platform, keep it in a straight state without stress, and make the fiber axis parallel to the displacement platform surface; Drop a small amount of paraffin oil on the bare cladding part, move the oil immersion objective lens so that the lens is just immersed in paraffin oil.
  • the preset length for example: 2 cm
  • the refractive index of the paraffin oil is similar to or the same as the refractive index of the optical fiber, which is used to reduce the optical aberration caused by the optical fiber cylindrical surface; Focus the focal point of the objective lens in the middle of the fiber core, and set the length of the first linear waveguide L1, the second linear waveguide L2 and the surface waveguide L3, and the first S-shaped waveguide S1 and the second S-shaped waveguide using software that controls the displacement platform S2 curvature; femtosecond laser writes beam splitter, beam combiner and surface waveguide in the bottom cladding of the fiber along the curve of the set parameters, the surface waveguide is located at the bottom of the fiber Surface. Test the spectrum of the surface waveguide in paraffin oil and air separately.
  • the coupling efficiency can be calculated from the optical energy of the surface waveguide in paraffin oil and the optical energy of the surface waveguide in air.
  • the curvatures of the first S-shaped waveguide and the second S-shaped waveguide are 35 mm to 50 mm, the length of the surface waveguide is set to 4 mm to 8 mm, and the laser used in the femtosecond laser direct write waveguide technology has a wavelength of 513 nm and a frequency of 200kHZ, pulse width is 250fs, single pulse energy is 120nJ, the displacement speed of the above displacement platform is 0.2mm / s, and the waveguide transmission loss is 1dB / cm.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the SPR biosensor, where A in FIG. 5 is the prepared single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide.
  • Step 402 Use a magnetron sputtering coating method to coat the single-mode optical fiber with a coating layer
  • step 402 specifically includes: placing the single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide prepared in step 401 on a fiber rotation device,
  • the single-mode optical fiber is driven to rotate by the optical fiber rotating device, and during the rotation, a magnetron sputtering coating method is used to uniformly coat the single-mode optical fiber to obtain a coating layer to achieve uniform coating on the cylindrical surface of the optical fiber .
  • the material used may be a metal film material, and the thickness of the plated metal film may be controlled by controlling the filming time, where the thickness is related to the sensitivity and resolution of the SPR biosensor.
  • the above-mentioned metal film material is optionally a Ti / Ag / Au composite metal film. Compared with the traditional single-layer metal film, this composite film has a wider refractive index detection range and better detection resolution.
  • the thickness of the plating layer is 45 nm to 60 nm, preferably 50 nm.
  • Step 403 Form a dopamine thin film layer with a predetermined thickness on the coating layer by self-polymerization to obtain an SPR biosensor sample;
  • step 403 specifically includes: in order to adapt the single-mode optical fiber with a coating layer obtained in step 402 to the dopamine solution, put it in Store the buffer solution diluted with dopamine solvent for a preset first period of time, then take the single-mode optical fiber with the coating layer out of the buffer solution, put it into the dopamine solution for self-assembly of the biocrosslinked membrane, and the assembly time It is a preset second duration, where the second duration can be set as needed, for example, it can be 1 hour. After assembly, a dopamine thin film layer with a predetermined thickness can be formed on the coating layer of the single-mode optical fiber to obtain the SPR biosensor sample.
  • the senor that has completed the self-assembly of the biocrosslinked membrane needs to be cleaned in ultrapure water, and then placed in a buffer liquid for storage after cleaning.
  • Step 404 Place the SPR biosensor sample in a DNA probe molecular solution for oxidation, so that the oxidized dopamine film layer contains a DNA probe.
  • the SPR biosensor sample obtained in the above step 403 needs to be placed in a DNA probe molecular solution for biodetection membrane modification, that is, oxidation is performed so that the oxidized dopamine film layer contains DNA detection to obtain SPR biological sensor.
  • the duration of oxidation is a preset third duration.
  • the third duration can be set according to specific conditions.
  • the third duration can be 2.5 hours.
  • the obtained SPR The biosensor is placed in ultrapure water for cleaning and then placed in the buffer again.
  • D and E shown in FIG. 5 are schematic diagrams before and after the oxidation reaction of the dopamine crosslinking agent.
  • the prepared SPR biosensor can be used to observe the drift of the SPR resonance peak of the biomolecule.
  • it can be configured with two biomolecules at the same concentration. One of them is a biomolecule that can specifically bind to the DNA probe, and the other is a control group that does not specifically bind to the DNA probe molecule.
  • the above SPR biosensors are put into these two kinds of biomolecules respectively, and the drift of the SPR resonance peak can be observed.
  • F in FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the specific binding between the DNA probe of the SPR biosensor and the biomolecule, and the marker miRNA is obtained after the specific binding.
  • the outstanding advantage of the SPR biosensor in the embodiment of the present invention is to use the femtosecond laser direct write waveguide technology to write a surface waveguide in a single-mode fiber, guiding the light wave in the core to the strong evanescent field of the fiber surface to stimulate the SPR effect It has the advantages of simple and quick production, no structural damage and high SPR excitation efficiency.
  • SPR biosensors can not only be used for antigen and antibody recognition, but also play an important role in the fields of signal transduction, drug screening, antibody characterization, and protein conformation changes by changing the composition of bio-modified membranes.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a monomode optical fiber having a surface waveguide, an SPR biosensor and a preparation method. The monomode optical fiber comprises: a fiber core and a clad, which construct a total-reflection condition. The clad covers the fiber core, and has a surface waveguide abutting the surface of the clad; the surface waveguide is written by adopting the femtosecond laser direct-writing technology, and is used to generate a strong evanescent field that stimulates the SPR effect without damaging the physical structure of the optical fiber, so that the monomode optical fiber has strong mechanical strength. The monomode optical fiber having a surface waveguide enables the light wave energy in the fiber core to be guided to the surface of the optical fiber, so as to generate a strong evanescent field. The preparation process is simple and the excitation efficiency is high. Furthermore, a SPR biosensor containing the monomode optical fiber can solve the problems of damaged physical structure and low mechanical strength, and has the advantages of high efficiency in stimulating SPR effect and simple preparation process.

Description

具有表面波导的单模光纤、SPR生物传感器及制备方法Single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide, SPR biosensor and preparation method 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及传感器技术领域，尤其涉及一种具有表面波导的单模光纤、SPR生物传感器及制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide, an SPR biosensor and a preparation method.
背景技术Background technique
目前，市场上具有多种常见的光纤表面等离子体子共振（Surface Plasmon Resonance，SPR）传感器，例如微纳光纤耦合型SPR传感器，侧边抛磨光纤耦合型SPR传感器、倾斜光纤光栅耦合型SPR传感器及光子晶体光纤耦合型SPR传感器。然而上述SPR传感器存在各种各样的问题。具体如下：At present, there are many common fiber surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors on the market, such as micro-nano fiber coupling SPR sensor, side polishing fiber coupling SPR sensor, inclined fiber grating coupling SPR sensor And photonic crystal fiber coupled SPR sensor. However, the above SPR sensor has various problems. details as follows:
其中，微纳光纤耦合型SPR传感器是将多模光纤或者单模光纤进行拉伸变细，当波导细到一定程度时，表面会产生较强的倏逝场，在锥区表面沉积一定厚度的金属层，倏逝场便能有效激发等离子体元发生共振，产生SPR效应。然而，该微纳光纤耦合型SPR传感器的缺点是：对光纤进行拉锥变细后破坏了其固有的物理结构，降低了传感器的机械强度。Among them, the micro-nano fiber-coupled SPR sensor is the multi-mode fiber or single-mode fiber is drawn and thinned, when the waveguide is thin to a certain degree, the surface will produce a strong evanescent field, and a certain thickness is deposited on the surface of the cone In the metal layer, the evanescent field can effectively excite the plasmon to resonate and produce the SPR effect. However, the disadvantage of this micro-nano fiber-coupled SPR sensor is that the tapered optical fiber destroys its inherent physical structure and reduces the mechanical strength of the sensor.
其中，侧边抛磨光纤耦合型SPR传感器是对光纤圆柱面的一侧加工抛磨平面，使得纤芯传输光波模式的倏逝场到达这个平面，进而进入抛磨区表面沉积的金属层，激发金属层内的等离子体共振，产生SPR效应，但是仍然存在缺点，即：在不同程度上破坏了光纤固有的物理结构，极大地降低了传感器的机械强度，无法在许多应用场合使用。Among them, the side-polished fiber-coupled SPR sensor is to process the polishing surface on the side of the cylindrical surface of the fiber, so that the evanescent field of the light wave transmission mode of the fiber core reaches this plane, and then enters the metal layer deposited on the surface of the polishing area to excite The plasmon resonance in the metal layer produces the SPR effect, but there are still shortcomings, namely: the inherent physical structure of the optical fiber is destroyed to varying degrees, the mechanical strength of the sensor is greatly reduced, and it cannot be used in many applications.
其中，对于倾斜光纤光栅耦合型SPR传感器，倾斜光纤光栅各阶包层模在包层与外部介质的分界面上发生全反射，利用全反射产生的倏逝波来激励表面等离子体发生共振，产生SPR效应，但是仍然存在缺点：全反射产生的倏逝波较弱，激发SPR效应的效率较低。Among them, for the tilted fiber grating coupled SPR sensor, the cladding mode of each stage of the tilted fiber grating generates total reflection at the interface between the cladding and the external medium, and the evanescent wave generated by the total reflection is used to excite the surface plasmon to resonate and generate SPR effect, but there are still disadvantages: the evanescent wave generated by total reflection is weak, and the efficiency of stimulating the SPR effect is low.
其中，光子晶体光纤耦合型SPR传感器，是利用光子晶体光纤的无截止单模特性和可控的倏逝场渗透能力激发等离子体共振。通过在光子晶体光纤的空气孔内镀上膜，将液体填充在该空气孔内来测量液体的折射率。然而，缺点为：需要在光纤内部镀膜，工艺较为复杂，测试时需要将被测溶液精确注入光纤内部，操作较为繁琐。Among them, the photonic crystal fiber-coupled SPR sensor uses the non-cut-off single-model nature of the photonic crystal fiber and the controllable evanescent field penetration ability to excite plasmon resonance. The refractive index of the liquid is measured by coating a film in the air hole of the photonic crystal fiber and filling the air hole with the liquid. However, the disadvantage is that it needs to be coated inside the optical fiber, the process is more complicated, and the test solution needs to be accurately injected into the optical fiber during the test, and the operation is more cumbersome.
综上，现有的光纤SPR传感器存在破坏了光纤的物理结构，降低了机械强度，或者激发SPR效应的效率低，或者制备工艺复杂的问题。In summary, the existing optical fiber SPR sensor has the problems of destroying the physical structure of the optical fiber and reducing the mechanical strength, or the efficiency of exciting the SPR effect is low, or the manufacturing process is complicated.
技术问题technical problem
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种具有表面波导的单模光纤、SPR生物传感器及制备方法，旨在解决现有技术中光纤SPR传感器的物理结构被破坏，降低了机械强度，激发SPR效应的效率低，制备工艺复杂等技术问题。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide, SPR biosensor and preparation method, aiming to solve the physical structure of the optical fiber SPR sensor in the prior art is destroyed, reduce the mechanical strength, and stimulate the efficiency of the SPR effect Low, complex preparation process and other technical issues.
技术解决方案Technical solution
为实现上述目的，本发明第一方面提供一种具有表面波导的单模光纤，所述单模光纤包括构成全反射条件的纤芯和包层，所述包层包覆所述纤芯，所述包层内包含表面波导；In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a single-mode optical fiber having a surface waveguide. The single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding constituting a total reflection condition, and the cladding covers the core. The cladding contains surface waveguides;
所述表面波导贴近所述包层的表面，且所述表面波导是采用飞秒激光直写光波导技术写制，所述表面波导用于产生激发SPR效应的强倏逝场。The surface waveguide is close to the surface of the cladding, and the surface waveguide is written using femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology, and the surface waveguide is used to generate a strong evanescent field that stimulates the SPR effect.
可选的，所述包层内还包含分束器及合束器，所述表面波导的一端与所述分束器的一端连接，所述表面波导的另一端与所述合束器的一端连接；Optionally, the cladding further includes a beam splitter and a beam combiner, one end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the beam splitter, and the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the beam combiner connection;
所述分束器的另一端及所述合束器的另一端均与所述纤芯平行且距离小于或等于预设距离，或者均写入所述纤芯，或者与所述纤芯形成预设夹角；The other end of the beam splitter and the other end of the beam combiner are both parallel to the core and the distance is less than or equal to a preset distance, or both are written into the core, or form a pre-form with the core Set an angle;
所述分束器及所述合束器均采用飞秒激光直写波导技术写制。Both the beam splitter and the beam combiner are written using femtosecond laser direct write waveguide technology.
可选的，则所述分束器包括第一直线波导及第一S型波导，所述合束器包括第二直线波导及第二S型波导；Optionally, the beam splitter includes a first linear waveguide and a first S-shaped waveguide, and the beam combiner includes a second linear waveguide and a second S-shaped waveguide;
所述第一直线波导的一端与所述第一S型波导的一端连接，所述第一S型波导的另一端与所述表面波导的一端连接，所述表面波导的另一端与所述第二S型波导的一端连接，所述第二S型波导的另一端与所述第二直线波导的一端连接；One end of the first linear waveguide is connected to one end of the first S-shaped waveguide, the other end of the first S-shaped waveguide is connected to one end of the surface waveguide, and the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to the One end of the second S-shaped waveguide is connected, and the other end of the second S-shaped waveguide is connected to one end of the second linear waveguide;
所述第一直线波导与所述第二直线波导平行于所述纤芯，且与所述纤芯之间的距离为预设值。The first linear waveguide and the second linear waveguide are parallel to the fiber core, and the distance from the fiber core is a preset value.
可选的，所述分束器包括第三S型波导，所述合束器包括第四S型波导；Optionally, the beam splitter includes a third S-shaped waveguide, and the beam combiner includes a fourth S-shaped waveguide;
所述第三S型波导的一端写入所述纤芯，另一端与所述表面波导的一端连接，所述表面波导的另一端与所述第四S型波导的一端连接，所述第四S型波导的另一端写入所述纤芯。One end of the third S-shaped waveguide is written into the fiber core, the other end is connected to one end of the surface waveguide, and the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the fourth S-waveguide, the fourth The other end of the S-shaped waveguide is written into the core.
可选的，所述表面波导的长度为4mm~8mm；Optionally, the length of the surface waveguide is 4mm ~ 8mm;
所述第一S型波导及第二S型波导的曲率为35mm~50mm，或者所述第三S型波导及所述第四S型波导的曲率为35mm~50mm。The curvature of the first S-shaped waveguide and the second S-shaped waveguide is 35 mm to 50 mm, or the curvature of the third S-shaped waveguide and the fourth S-shaped waveguide is 35 mm to 50 mm.
可选的，所述分束器包括一端具有弧度的第三直线波导、所述合束器包括一端具有弧度的第四直线波导；所述第三直线波导具有弧度的一端与所述表面波导的一端连接，所述表面波导的另一端与所述第四直线波导具有弧度的一端连接，所述表面波导的长度为4mm~8mm；Optionally, the beam splitter includes a third linear waveguide having an arc at one end, and the beam combiner includes a fourth linear waveguide having an arc at one end; the third linear waveguide has an arc at one end and the surface waveguide One end is connected, and the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to the end of the fourth linear waveguide having an arc, and the length of the surface waveguide is 4 mm to 8 mm;
所述第三直线波导长于所述第四直线波导，所述第三直线波导的另一端与所述纤芯交叉，形成预设夹角，所述第四直线波导的另一端写入所述纤芯，且形成所述预设夹角，所述预设夹角为0.01rad~0.05rad。The third linear waveguide is longer than the fourth linear waveguide, the other end of the third linear waveguide crosses the fiber core to form a predetermined angle, and the other end of the fourth linear waveguide is written into the fiber And form the preset angle, the preset angle is 0.01rad ~ 0.05rad.
为实现上述目的，本发明第二方面提供一种SPR生物传感器，包括如第一方面所述的单模光纤，该单模光纤上镀有镀膜层，所述镀膜层上覆盖有氧化后的多巴胺薄膜层，所述多巴胺薄膜层上包含脱氧核糖核酸DNA探针。To achieve the above object, the second aspect of the present invention provides an SPR biosensor, comprising the single-mode optical fiber as described in the first aspect, the single-mode optical fiber is coated with a coating layer, and the coating layer is covered with oxidized dopamine A thin film layer, on which the dopamine thin film layer contains a DNA probe.
为实现上述目的，本发明第三方面提供一种SPR生物传感器的制备方法，包括：To achieve the above objective, a third aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an SPR biosensor, including:
利用飞秒激光直写光波导技术在初始单模光纤内写制表面波导，得到具有表面波导的单模光纤；Using the femtosecond laser direct-write optical waveguide technology to write a surface waveguide in the original single-mode fiber, a single-mode fiber with a surface waveguide is obtained;
采用磁控溅射镀膜方法在所述单模光纤上镀上镀膜层；Applying a coating layer on the single-mode optical fiber by using a magnetron sputtering coating method;
采用自聚合方式在所述镀膜层上形成预设厚度的多巴胺薄膜层，得到SPR生物传感器样品；Forming a dopamine thin film layer with a predetermined thickness on the coating layer by using a self-polymerization method to obtain an SPR biosensor sample;
将所述SPR生物传感器样品放入DNA探针分子溶液中进行氧化，使得氧化后的多巴胺薄膜层上包含脱氧核糖核酸DNA探针。The SPR biosensor sample is put into a DNA probe molecular solution for oxidation, so that the oxidized dopamine film layer contains a DNA probe.
可选的，所述采用磁控溅射镀膜方法在所述单模光纤上镀上镀膜层，包括：Optionally, the magnetron sputtering coating method is used to coat the single-mode optical fiber with a coating layer, including:
将所述单模光纤放置在光纤旋转装置上，由所述光纤旋转装置带动所述单模光纤旋转，且在旋转的过程中，采用磁控溅射镀膜方法在所述单模光纤上均匀镀膜，得到镀膜层。The single-mode optical fiber is placed on an optical fiber rotating device, and the single-mode optical fiber is driven to rotate by the optical fiber rotating device, and during the rotation, a magnetron sputtering coating method is used to uniformly coat the single-mode optical fiber To obtain a coating layer.
可选的，所述镀膜层的材料包括Ti/Ag/Au复合金属膜，所述镀膜层的厚度为45nm~60nm。Optionally, the material of the coating layer includes a Ti / Ag / Au composite metal film, and the thickness of the coating layer is 45 nm to 60 nm.
可选的，所述采用自聚合方式在所述镀膜层上形成预设厚度的多巴胺薄膜层，得到SPR生物传感器样品，包括：Optionally, the self-polymerization method is used to form a dopamine thin film layer with a predetermined thickness on the coating layer to obtain an SPR biosensor sample, including:
将具有镀膜层的单模光纤放入已稀释多巴胺溶剂的缓冲液中存放第一时长；Put the single-mode optical fiber with the coating layer into the buffer solution of diluted dopamine solvent and store it for the first time;
将所述具有镀膜层的单模光纤从所述缓冲液中取出，放入多巴胺溶液进行生物交联膜自组装，以便在所述镀膜层上形成预设厚度的多巴胺薄膜层，得到SPR生物传感器样品。The single-mode optical fiber with a coating layer is taken out of the buffer solution, and a dopamine solution is put into self-assembly of a biocrosslinking film, so as to form a dopamine thin film layer with a predetermined thickness on the coating layer to obtain an SPR biosensor sample.
有益效果Beneficial effect
在本发明实施例中，单模光纤包括构成全反射条件的纤芯和包层，该包层包覆纤芯，且包层内包含表面波导，该表面波导贴近包层的表面，且表面波导采用飞秒激光直写波导技术写制，表面波导用于产生激发SPR效应的强倏逝场。相对于现有技术，由于单模光纤内的表面波导是利用飞秒激光直写光波导技术写制的，使得不会破坏光纤的物理结构，使得单模光纤具有较强的机械强度，且由于单模光纤内包含表面波导，使得能够将光纤纤芯内的光波能量引导至光纤表面，产生强倏逝场，且制作简单，激发效率高。且进一步的，包含上述单模光纤的SPR生物传感器也将避免物理结构被破坏，机械强度低的问题，且还具有激发SPR效应的效率高，制备工艺简单等优点。In the embodiment of the present invention, the single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding constituting a total reflection condition, the cladding covers the core, and the cladding includes a surface waveguide, the surface waveguide is close to the surface of the cladding, and the surface waveguide Written using femtosecond laser direct write waveguide technology, surface waveguide is used to generate a strong evanescent field that stimulates the SPR effect. Compared with the prior art, the surface waveguide in the single-mode optical fiber is written by using the femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology, so that the physical structure of the optical fiber will not be damaged, so that the single-mode optical fiber has strong mechanical strength, and because The single-mode optical fiber contains a surface waveguide, which enables the light wave energy in the optical fiber core to be guided to the surface of the optical fiber, which generates a strong evanescent field, is simple to manufacture, and has high excitation efficiency. Furthermore, the SPR biosensor including the above single-mode optical fiber will also avoid the problems of physical structure being destroyed and low mechanical strength, and also has the advantages of high efficiency to stimulate the SPR effect and simple preparation process.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION
图1为本发明实施例中具有表面波导的单模光纤的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural view of a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例中另一具有表面波导的单模光纤的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural view of another single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例中另一具有表面波导的单模光纤的结构示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例中SPR生物传感器的制备方法的流程示意图；4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing an SPR biosensor in an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例中SPR生物传感器制备流程示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an SPR biosensor preparation process in an embodiment of the present invention.
本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the invention
为使得本发明的发明目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而非全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the description The embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
在本发明实施例中，提供一种具有表面波导的单模光纤，该单模光纤包括构成全反射条件的纤芯和包层，该包层包覆纤芯，且该包层内包含表面波导；In an embodiment of the present invention, a single-mode optical fiber having a surface waveguide is provided. The single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding constituting a total reflection condition, the cladding covers the core, and the cladding includes a surface waveguide ;
其中，表面波导贴近包层的表面，表面波导采用飞秒激光直写光波导技术写制，表面波导用于产生激发SPR效应的强倏逝场。优选的，表面波导与包层表面的距离为0~5um。Among them, the surface waveguide is close to the surface of the cladding. The surface waveguide is written using femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology. The surface waveguide is used to generate a strong evanescent field that stimulates the SPR effect. Preferably, the distance between the surface waveguide and the surface of the cladding is 0-5um.
进一步的，上述包层内还包含分束器及合束器，其中，表面波导的一端与分束器的一端连接，该表面波导的另一端与合束器的一端连接；Further, the cladding further includes a beam splitter and a beam combiner, wherein one end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the beam splitter, and the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the beam combiner;
上述分束器的另一端及合束器的另一端均与包层内的纤芯平行且距离小于或等于预设距离，或者均写入纤芯，或者与纤芯形成预设夹角；优选的，分束器及合束器均可以采用飞秒激光直写波导技术写制。The other end of the beam splitter and the other end of the beam combiner are both parallel to the core in the cladding and the distance is less than or equal to the preset distance, or both are written into the core, or form a preset angle with the core; preferably Both the beam splitter and the beam combiner can be written using femtosecond laser direct write waveguide technology.
可以理解的是，上述分束器、表面波导及合束器构成了完整的波导器，其中，当分束器及合束器的一端与纤芯平行且距离小于或等于预设距离时，该波导器可以是定向耦合型波导器，当分束器及合束器均写入纤芯时，该波导器可以是S型波导器，当分束器的一端与纤芯交叉，形成预设夹角，且合束器的一端写入纤芯时，该波导器可以是X型波导器。It can be understood that the above beam splitter, surface waveguide and beam combiner constitute a complete waveguide, wherein when one end of the beam splitter and beam combiner is parallel to the core and the distance is less than or equal to the preset distance, the waveguide The splitter may be a directional coupling type waveguide. When both the beam splitter and the beam combiner are written into the core, the waveguide may be an S-shaped waveguide. When one end of the beam splitter crosses the core, a preset angle is formed, and When one end of the beam combiner is written into the fiber core, the waveguide may be an X-shaped waveguide.
其中，分束器是用于将光从纤芯中耦合到表面波导，合束器是用于将光从表面波导耦合回纤芯中。Among them, the beam splitter is used to couple light from the core to the surface waveguide, and the beam combiner is used to couple light from the surface waveguide to the core.
为了更好的理解本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将分别进行介绍。In order to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will introduce them separately.
请参阅图1，为本发明一个可选的实施例中具有表面波导的单模光纤的结构示意图，该单模光纤包括构成全反射条件的纤芯和包层，包层包覆纤芯，且包层内包含定向耦合型波导器，该波导器包含分束器、表面波导L3及合束器，其中，分束器包括：第一直线波导L1及第一S型波导S1，合束器包括第二直线波导L2及第二S型波导S2。Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide in an alternative embodiment of the present invention. The single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding constituting a total reflection condition, and the cladding covers the core, and The cladding includes a directional coupling waveguide, which includes a beam splitter, a surface waveguide L3, and a beam combiner, wherein the beam splitter includes: a first linear waveguide L1 and a first S-shaped waveguide S1, a beam combiner It includes a second linear waveguide L2 and a second S-shaped waveguide S2.
其中，第一直线波导L1的一端与第一S型波导S1的一端连接，第一S型波导S1的另一端与表面波导L3的一端连接，表面波导L3的另一端与第二S型波导S2的一端连接，第二S型波导S2的另一端与第二直线波导L2的一端连接。Wherein, one end of the first linear waveguide L1 is connected to one end of the first S-shaped waveguide S1, the other end of the first S-shaped waveguide S1 is connected to one end of the surface waveguide L3, and the other end of the surface waveguide L3 is connected to the second S-shaped waveguide One end of S2 is connected, and the other end of the second S-shaped waveguide S2 is connected to one end of the second linear waveguide L2.
其中，第一直线波导L1和第二直线波导L2平行于纤芯，且与纤芯之间的距离为预设值，该预设值大于0，且在图1中，该预设值以距离为d为例。优选的，该d的值具体可以为2~10um。Wherein, the first linear waveguide L1 and the second linear waveguide L2 are parallel to the fiber core, and the distance from the fiber core is a preset value, the preset value is greater than 0, and in FIG. 1, the preset value is Take the distance d as an example. Preferably, the value of d may specifically be 2-10um.
其中，表面波导与包层表面的距离为0~5um，表面波导采用飞秒激光直写光波导技术写制，表面波导用于产生激发SPR效应的强倏逝场。Among them, the distance between the surface waveguide and the cladding surface is 0 ~ 5um. The surface waveguide is written using femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology. The surface waveguide is used to generate a strong evanescent field that stimulates the SPR effect.
在本发明实施例中，单模光纤由纤芯和包层构成全反射条件，使得光可以低损耗地在纤芯中长距离传输，上述的第一直线波导L1和第二直线波导L2用于与纤芯发生定向耦合，第一S型波导S1和第二S型波导S2用于将光能量传输到表面波导L3，表面波导L3将光能量引导至光纤表面，产生强倏逝场。In the embodiment of the present invention, the single-mode optical fiber is composed of a core and a cladding to form a total reflection condition, so that light can be transmitted in the core for a long distance with low loss. The above-mentioned first linear waveguide L1 and second linear waveguide L2 are used For directional coupling with the fiber core, the first S-shaped waveguide S1 and the second S-shaped waveguide S2 are used to transmit optical energy to the surface waveguide L3, and the surface waveguide L3 guides the optical energy to the surface of the optical fiber, generating a strong evanescent field.
其中，波导器为定向耦合波导器时，在一种可行的实现方式中，上述第一S型波导S1及第二S型波导S2的曲率为35mm~50mm，优选为50mm，表面波导L3的长度为4mm~8mm，优先为5mm。When the waveguide is a directional coupling waveguide, in a feasible implementation manner, the curvature of the first S-shaped waveguide S1 and the second S-shaped waveguide S2 is 35 mm to 50 mm, preferably 50 mm, and the length of the surface waveguide L3 4mm ~ 8mm, preferably 5mm.
需要说明的是，在本发明实施例中，第一直线波导L1和第二直线波导L2与纤芯的距离是相同的，均为d，且该定向耦合型波导器的耦合效率与第一直线波导L1和第二直线波导L2的长度有关，与第一直线波导L1和第二直线波导L2与纤芯之间的距离有关，在实际应用中，可以通过大量实验的方式确定耦合效率满足预设值（如75%）时，直线波导的长度和上述距离之间的关系，此处不做限定。It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the first linear waveguide L1 and the second linear waveguide L2 and the core is the same, both are d, and the coupling efficiency of the directional coupling waveguide is the same as that of the first The lengths of the linear waveguide L1 and the second linear waveguide L2 are related to the distance between the first linear waveguide L1 and the second linear waveguide L2 and the fiber core. In practical applications, the coupling efficiency can be determined through a large number of experiments When the preset value (such as 75%) is satisfied, the relationship between the length of the linear waveguide and the above distance is not limited here.
请参阅图2，为本发明另一个可选的实施例中具有表面波导的单模光纤的结构示意图，该单模光纤包括构成全反射条件的纤芯和包层，包层包覆纤芯，且包层内包含S型波导器，该S型波导器包含分束器、表面波导L3及合束器，其中，分束器包括第三S型波导S3，合束器包括第四S型波导S4。Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide in another alternative embodiment of the present invention. The single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding that constitute a total reflection condition, and the cladding covers the core. And the cladding includes an S-shaped waveguide, the S-shaped waveguide includes a beam splitter, a surface waveguide L3, and a beam combiner, wherein the beam splitter includes a third S-shaped waveguide S3, and the beam combiner includes a fourth S-shaped waveguide S4.
其中，第三S型波导S3的一端写入纤芯，另一端与表面波导L3的一端连接，表面波导的另一端与第四S型波导的一端连接，第四S型波导的另一端写入纤芯。Among them, one end of the third S-shaped waveguide S3 is written into the core, the other end is connected to one end of the surface waveguide L3, the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the fourth S-shaped waveguide, and the other end of the fourth S-shaped waveguide is written Core.
其中，上述表面波导的长度为4mm~8mm，表面波导与包层表面的距离为0~5um，表面波导采用飞秒激光直写光波导技术写制，表面波导用于产生激发SPR效应的强倏逝场。Among them, the length of the above surface waveguide is 4mm ~ 8mm, the distance between the surface waveguide and the cladding surface is 0 ~ 5um, the surface waveguide is written using femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology, and the surface waveguide is used to generate strong SPR effects. Passing away.
上述第三S型波导及第四S型波导的曲率为35mm~50mm。The curvatures of the third S-shaped waveguide and the fourth S-shaped waveguide are 35 mm to 50 mm.
请参阅图3，为本发明另一可选的实施例中具有表面波导的单模光纤的结构示意图，该单模光纤包括构成全反射条件的纤芯和包层，该包层包覆纤芯，且包层内包含X型波导器，该X型波导器包括分束器、表面波导L3及合束器，其中，分束器包括：一端具有弧度的第三直线波导L4，合束器包括：一端具有弧度的第四直线波导L5；其中，第三直线波导L4具有弧度的一端与表面波导L3的一端连接，表面波导L3的另一端与第四直线波导L5具有弧度的一端连接，上述表面波导的长度为4mm~8mm，且表面波导与包层表面的距离为0~5um，表面波导采用飞秒激光直写光波导技术写制，表面波导用于产生激发SPR效应的强倏逝场。Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide in another alternative embodiment of the present invention. The single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding that constitute a total reflection condition, and the cladding covers the core , And the cladding contains an X-shaped waveguide, the X-shaped waveguide includes a beam splitter, a surface waveguide L3, and a beam combiner, wherein the beam splitter includes: a third linear waveguide L4 having an arc at one end, and the beam combiner includes : A fourth linear waveguide L5 having an arc at one end; wherein the third linear waveguide L4 having an arc is connected to one end of the surface waveguide L3, and the other end of the surface waveguide L3 is connected to an end having a curvature of the fourth linear waveguide L5, the surface The length of the waveguide is 4mm ~ 8mm, and the distance between the surface waveguide and the cladding surface is 0 ~ 5um. The surface waveguide is written using femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology. The surface waveguide is used to generate a strong evanescent field that stimulates the SPR effect.
其中，表面波导L3贴近单模光纤的包层的表面，其中，第三直线波导L4长于第四直线波导L5，第三直线波导L4与纤芯交叉，形成预设夹角，第四直线波导L5的一端延伸至纤芯，且形成预设夹角，如图中的夹角θ。可以理解的是，该形成的预设夹角为0.10rad~0.05rad。The surface waveguide L3 is close to the surface of the cladding of the single-mode optical fiber, wherein the third linear waveguide L4 is longer than the fourth linear waveguide L5, and the third linear waveguide L4 crosses the core to form a preset angle, and the fourth linear waveguide L5 One end of the fiber extends to the core and forms a preset angle, as shown in the figure. It can be understood that the preset angle formed is 0.10 rad to 0.05 rad.
需要说明的是，第三直线波导L4与第四直线波导L5的一端具有的弧度具体可以是圆弧状，使得与表面波导L3连接后，光能够顺畅通过。It should be noted that the arcs at the ends of the third linear waveguide L4 and the fourth linear waveguide L5 may be specifically arc-shaped, so that light can pass smoothly after being connected to the surface waveguide L3.
在本发明实施例中，还提供一种SRP生物传感器，该SPR生物传感器包括图1或图2或3任意一个实施例中的具有表面波导的单模光纤，且该单模光纤上镀有镀膜层，在镀膜层上覆盖有氧化后的多巴胺薄膜层，在多巴胺薄膜层上包含DNA（脱氧核苷酸， deoxyribonucleic acid）探针。In an embodiment of the present invention, an SRP biosensor is also provided. The SPR biosensor includes a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide in any of the embodiments of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 or 3, and the single-mode optical fiber is coated with a coating The layer is covered with an oxidized dopamine film layer on the coating layer. The dopamine film layer contains a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) probe.
其中，镀膜层使用的是金属膜材料，金属膜用来提供与光纤表面倏逝波发生共振的等离子体，DNA探针是一种以病原微生物DNA或RNA的特异性片段为模板，人工合成的带有放射性或生物素标记的单链DNA片段，本申请中的DNA分子主要用于特异性识别生物分子，多巴胺用于作为DNA探针与光纤表面波导的交联剂，可将生物分子与基底交联，并且通过简单的自聚合方式在基底表面形成厚度可控的薄膜层。Among them, the coating layer uses a metal film material, the metal film is used to provide a plasma that resonates with the evanescent wave on the surface of the optical fiber, and the DNA probe is a synthetic fragment that uses a specific fragment of pathogenic microorganism DNA or RNA as a template. Single-stranded DNA fragments labeled with radioactivity or biotin. The DNA molecules in this application are mainly used to specifically identify biomolecules. Dopamine is used as a cross-linking agent for DNA probes and optical fiber surface waveguides. Crosslink, and form a thin film layer with controllable thickness on the surface of the substrate by a simple self-polymerization method.
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中的SPR生物传感器是指光纤SPR生物传感器。It should be noted that the SPR biosensor in the embodiment of the present invention refers to an optical fiber SPR biosensor.
为了更好的理解本发明实施例中的SPR生物传感器，请参阅图4，为本发明一个可行的实施例中SPR生物传感器的制备方法的流程示意图，包括：In order to better understand the SPR biosensor in the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic flow chart of the preparation method of the SPR biosensor in a feasible embodiment of the present invention, including:
步骤401、利用飞秒激光直写光波导技术在初始单模光纤内写制表面波导，得到具有表面波导的单模光纤；Step 401: Use a femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology to write a surface waveguide in an initial single-mode optical fiber to obtain a single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide;
在本发明实施例中，以制备图1所示的具有表面波导的单模光纤为例描述制备过程，在图1中，定向耦合型波导器的两端是平行于单模光纤的纤芯的第一直线波导L1和第二直线波导L2，且第一直线波导L1和第二直线波导L2与纤芯的距离均为d，定向耦合型波导器的耦合效率与第一直线波导L1、第二直线波导L2以及上述距离d的大小有关，表面波导L3是SPR生物传感器的感应区域。In the embodiment of the present invention, the preparation process is described by taking the single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide shown in FIG. 1 as an example. In FIG. 1, both ends of the directional coupling waveguide are parallel to the core of the single-mode optical fiber The first linear waveguide L1 and the second linear waveguide L2, and the distance between the first linear waveguide L1 and the second linear waveguide L2 and the core are both d, the coupling efficiency of the directional coupling waveguide and the first linear waveguide L1 , The second linear waveguide L2 and the size of the distance d mentioned above, the surface waveguide L3 is the sensing area of the SPR biosensor.
上述步骤401具体包括以下过程：取一段普通单模光纤作为初始单模光纤，用光纤剥线钳在初始单模光纤的中间部位剥除掉预设长度（例如：2cm）的涂覆层，用蘸有酒精的无尘纸将裸露的光纤包层搽拭干净；然后将裸露光纤包层的部分固定在激光位移平台的中间，保持无应力绷直状态，并且使光纤轴线平行于位移平台面；将少量石蜡油滴在裸露包层部位，移动浸油物镜使镜头刚好浸入石蜡油之中，石蜡油的折射率与光纤折射率近似或相同，用来减少光纤圆柱形曲面引起的光学像差；将物镜聚焦点聚焦在光纤纤芯中间，使用控制位移平台的软件分别设置第一直线波导L1、第二直线波导L2及表面波导L3的长度以及第一S型波导S1和第二S型波导S2的曲率；飞秒激光沿着设定好参数的曲线在光纤底部包层内写制分束器、合束器及表面波导，表面波导位于光纤底部界面。分别测试表面波导在石蜡油和空气中的光谱，当表面波导在空气中的***损耗接近于0 dB，并且在石蜡油的损耗远大于在空气中的损耗时，说明表面波导写制成功，得到具有表面波导的单模光纤。耦合效率可以用表面波导在石蜡油中的光能量与表面波导在空气中的光能量计算得出。The above step 401 specifically includes the following process: taking a section of ordinary single-mode optical fiber as the initial single-mode optical fiber, and stripping the coating layer of the preset length (for example: 2 cm) in the middle of the initial single-mode optical fiber with an optical fiber stripper, using Wipe the bare fiber cladding with alcohol-free dust-free paper; then fix the bare fiber cladding in the middle of the laser displacement platform, keep it in a straight state without stress, and make the fiber axis parallel to the displacement platform surface; Drop a small amount of paraffin oil on the bare cladding part, move the oil immersion objective lens so that the lens is just immersed in paraffin oil. The refractive index of the paraffin oil is similar to or the same as the refractive index of the optical fiber, which is used to reduce the optical aberration caused by the optical fiber cylindrical surface; Focus the focal point of the objective lens in the middle of the fiber core, and set the length of the first linear waveguide L1, the second linear waveguide L2 and the surface waveguide L3, and the first S-shaped waveguide S1 and the second S-shaped waveguide using software that controls the displacement platform S2 curvature; femtosecond laser writes beam splitter, beam combiner and surface waveguide in the bottom cladding of the fiber along the curve of the set parameters, the surface waveguide is located at the bottom of the fiber Surface. Test the spectrum of the surface waveguide in paraffin oil and air separately. When the insertion loss of the surface waveguide in air is close to 0 dB, and the loss in paraffin oil is much greater than the loss in air, it means that the surface waveguide was successfully written and obtained Single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide. The coupling efficiency can be calculated from the optical energy of the surface waveguide in paraffin oil and the optical energy of the surface waveguide in air.
可选的，上述第一S型波导和第二S型波导的曲率为35mm~50mm，表面波导的长度设置为4mm~8mm，飞秒激光直写波导技术使用的激光器的波长为513nm，频率为200kHZ，脉冲宽度为250fs，单脉冲能量为120nJ，上述位移平台的位移速度为0.2mm/s，波导传输损耗为1dB/cm。Optionally, the curvatures of the first S-shaped waveguide and the second S-shaped waveguide are 35 mm to 50 mm, the length of the surface waveguide is set to 4 mm to 8 mm, and the laser used in the femtosecond laser direct write waveguide technology has a wavelength of 513 nm and a frequency of 200kHZ, pulse width is 250fs, single pulse energy is 120nJ, the displacement speed of the above displacement platform is 0.2mm / s, and the waveguide transmission loss is 1dB / cm.
如图5所示，为SPR生物传感器制备流程示意图，其中，图5中的A即为制备得到的具备表面波导的单模光纤。As shown in FIG. 5, it is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the SPR biosensor, where A in FIG. 5 is the prepared single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide.
步骤402、采用磁控溅射镀膜方法在所述单模光纤上镀上镀膜层；Step 402: Use a magnetron sputtering coating method to coat the single-mode optical fiber with a coating layer;
如图5中的B所示，为具有镀膜层的单模光纤的示意图，且步骤402具体包括：将步骤401制备得到的具有表面波导的单模光纤放置在光纤旋转装置上，As shown in B of FIG. 5, it is a schematic diagram of a single-mode optical fiber with a coating layer, and step 402 specifically includes: placing the single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide prepared in step 401 on a fiber rotation device,
由所述光纤旋转装置带动所述单模光纤旋转，且在旋转的过程中，采用磁控溅射镀膜方法在所述单模光纤上均匀镀膜，得到镀膜层，以实现光纤的圆柱面均匀镀膜。且使用到的材料可以为金属膜材料，且镀的金属膜的厚度可以通过控制镀膜时间来控制，其中，厚度的大小与SPR生物传感器的灵敏度和分辨率相关。其中，上述金属膜材料可选的为Ti/Ag/Au复合金属膜，相比于传统单层金属膜，这种复合薄膜具有更宽的折射率检测范围和更好的检测分辨率。The single-mode optical fiber is driven to rotate by the optical fiber rotating device, and during the rotation, a magnetron sputtering coating method is used to uniformly coat the single-mode optical fiber to obtain a coating layer to achieve uniform coating on the cylindrical surface of the optical fiber . The material used may be a metal film material, and the thickness of the plated metal film may be controlled by controlling the filming time, where the thickness is related to the sensitivity and resolution of the SPR biosensor. Among them, the above-mentioned metal film material is optionally a Ti / Ag / Au composite metal film. Compared with the traditional single-layer metal film, this composite film has a wider refractive index detection range and better detection resolution.
其中，镀膜层的厚度为45nm~60nm，优选为50nm。Among them, the thickness of the plating layer is 45 nm to 60 nm, preferably 50 nm.
步骤403、采用自聚合方式在所述镀膜层上形成预设厚度的多巴胺薄膜层，得到SPR生物传感器样品；Step 403: Form a dopamine thin film layer with a predetermined thickness on the coating layer by self-polymerization to obtain an SPR biosensor sample;
如图5中的C所示，即为具有多巴胺薄膜层的SPR生物传感器样品的示意图，步骤403具体包括：为了使得上述步骤402得到的具有镀膜层的单模光纤适应多巴胺溶液，将其放入稀释有多巴胺溶剂的缓冲液中存放预置的第一时长，然后，将具有镀膜层的单模光纤从缓冲液中取出，将其放入多巴胺溶液中进行生物交联膜自组装，且组装时长为预置的第二时长，其中，该第二时长可以根据需要设置，例如可以为1小时。组装后即可在单模光纤的镀膜层上形成预设厚度的多巴胺薄膜层，得到SPR生物传感器样品。As shown in C in FIG. 5, which is a schematic diagram of a SPR biosensor sample with a dopamine thin film layer, step 403 specifically includes: in order to adapt the single-mode optical fiber with a coating layer obtained in step 402 to the dopamine solution, put it in Store the buffer solution diluted with dopamine solvent for a preset first period of time, then take the single-mode optical fiber with the coating layer out of the buffer solution, put it into the dopamine solution for self-assembly of the biocrosslinked membrane, and the assembly time It is a preset second duration, where the second duration can be set as needed, for example, it can be 1 hour. After assembly, a dopamine thin film layer with a predetermined thickness can be formed on the coating layer of the single-mode optical fiber to obtain the SPR biosensor sample.
可以理解的是，在组装之后，还需要将完成生物交联膜自组装的传感器放入超纯水中清洗，且清洗之后再次放入缓存液体中保存。It can be understood that, after assembly, the sensor that has completed the self-assembly of the biocrosslinked membrane needs to be cleaned in ultrapure water, and then placed in a buffer liquid for storage after cleaning.
步骤404、将所述SPR生物传感器样品放入DNA探针分子溶液中进行氧化，使得氧化后的多巴胺薄膜层上包含DNA探针。Step 404: Place the SPR biosensor sample in a DNA probe molecular solution for oxidation, so that the oxidized dopamine film layer contains a DNA probe.
在本发明实施例中，需要将上述步骤403得到的SPR生物传感器样品放入DNA探针分子溶液中进行生物检测膜修饰，即实现氧化，使得氧化后的多巴胺薄膜层上包含DNA探测，得到SPR生物传感器。其中，氧化的时长为预置的第三时长，该第三时长可以依据具体的情况设置，可选的，该第三时长可以为2.5小时，且为了实现对SPR生物传感器的保护，得到的SPR生物传感器放入超纯水中清洗后再次放入缓冲液中。如图5所示的D和E，为多巴胺交联剂发生氧化反应前后的示意图。In the embodiment of the present invention, the SPR biosensor sample obtained in the above step 403 needs to be placed in a DNA probe molecular solution for biodetection membrane modification, that is, oxidation is performed so that the oxidized dopamine film layer contains DNA detection to obtain SPR biological sensor. The duration of oxidation is a preset third duration. The third duration can be set according to specific conditions. Optionally, the third duration can be 2.5 hours. In order to protect the SPR biosensor, the obtained SPR The biosensor is placed in ultrapure water for cleaning and then placed in the buffer again. D and E shown in FIG. 5 are schematic diagrams before and after the oxidation reaction of the dopamine crosslinking agent.
可以理解的是在，在本发明实施例中，可以利用制备得到的SPR生物传感器观察生物分子的SPR共振峰的漂移情况。具体可以是：配置两种相同浓度的生物分子，其中，一种是可以与DNA探针发生特异性结合的生物分子，另一种作为对照组，不与DNA探针分子发生特异性结合，将上述的SPR生物传感器分别放入这两种生物分子中，可以观察到SPR共振峰的漂移情况。请参阅图5，图5中的F即为SPR生物传感器的DNA探针与生物分子发生特异性结合的示意图，且特异性结合后得到标志物miRNA。It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the prepared SPR biosensor can be used to observe the drift of the SPR resonance peak of the biomolecule. Specifically, it can be configured with two biomolecules at the same concentration. One of them is a biomolecule that can specifically bind to the DNA probe, and the other is a control group that does not specifically bind to the DNA probe molecule. The above SPR biosensors are put into these two kinds of biomolecules respectively, and the drift of the SPR resonance peak can be observed. Please refer to FIG. 5, F in FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the specific binding between the DNA probe of the SPR biosensor and the biomolecule, and the marker miRNA is obtained after the specific binding.
在本发明实施例的SPR生物传感器的突出的优势是利用飞秒激光直写波导技术在单模光纤内写制表面波导，将纤芯内的光波引导至光纤表面激发SPR效应的强倏逝场，具有制作简单快捷，无结构破坏及SPR激发效率高的优点。The outstanding advantage of the SPR biosensor in the embodiment of the present invention is to use the femtosecond laser direct write waveguide technology to write a surface waveguide in a single-mode fiber, guiding the light wave in the core to the strong evanescent field of the fiber surface to stimulate the SPR effect It has the advantages of simple and quick production, no structural damage and high SPR excitation efficiency.
可以理解的是，上述的SPR生物传感器不仅可用于抗原抗体识别，还可以通过改变生物修饰膜的成分，在信号传导、药物筛选、抗体定性以及蛋白质构象变化等领域发挥重要作用。It is understandable that the above SPR biosensors can not only be used for antigen and antibody recognition, but also play an important role in the fields of signal transduction, drug screening, antibody characterization, and protein conformation changes by changing the composition of bio-modified membranes.
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其它实施例的相关描述。In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For a part that is not detailed in an embodiment, you can refer to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
以上为对本发明所提供的一种具有表面波导的单模光纤、SPR生物传感器及制备方法的描述，对于本领域的技术人员，依据本发明实施例的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。The above is a description of a single-mode optical fiber with surface waveguide, SPR biosensor and preparation method provided by the present invention. For those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the embodiments of the present invention, the specific implementation and application scope are all There will be changes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种具有表面波导的单模光纤，其特征在于，所述单模光纤包括构成全反射条件的纤芯和包层，所述包层包覆所述纤芯，所述包层内包含表面波导；A single-mode optical fiber with a surface waveguide, characterized in that the single-mode optical fiber includes a core and a cladding constituting a total reflection condition, the cladding covers the core, and the cladding contains a surface waveguide ;
    所述表面波导贴近所述包层的表面，且所述表面波导是采用飞秒激光直写光波导技术写制，所述表面波导用于产生激发表面等离子体共振SPR效应的强倏逝场。The surface waveguide is close to the surface of the cladding, and the surface waveguide is written using femtosecond laser direct write optical waveguide technology. The surface waveguide is used to generate a strong evanescent field that excites the surface plasmon resonance SPR effect.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的单模光纤，其特征在于，所述包层内还包含分束器及合束器，所述表面波导的一端与所述分束器的一端连接，所述表面波导的另一端与所述合束器的一端连接；The single-mode optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the cladding further includes a beam splitter and a beam combiner, one end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the beam splitter, and the surface waveguide The other end of the is connected to one end of the beam combiner;
    所述分束器的另一端及所述合束器的另一端均与所述纤芯平行且距离小于或等于预设距离，或者均写入所述纤芯，或者与所述纤芯形成预设夹角；The other end of the beam splitter and the other end of the beam combiner are both parallel to the core and the distance is less than or equal to a preset distance, or both are written into the core, or form a pre-form with the core Set an angle;
    所述分束器及所述合束器均采用飞秒激光直写波导技术写制。Both the beam splitter and the beam combiner are written using femtosecond laser direct write waveguide technology.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的单模光纤，其特征在于，所述分束器包括第一直线波导及第一S型波导，所述合束器包括第二直线波导及第二S型波导；The single-mode optical fiber according to claim 2, wherein the beam splitter includes a first linear waveguide and a first S-shaped waveguide, and the beam combiner includes a second linear waveguide and a second S-shaped waveguide;
    所述第一直线波导的一端与所述第一S型波导的一端连接，所述第一S型波导的另一端与所述表面波导的一端连接，所述表面波导的另一端与所述第二S型波导的一端连接，所述第二S型波导的另一端与所述第二直线波导的一端连接；One end of the first linear waveguide is connected to one end of the first S-shaped waveguide, the other end of the first S-shaped waveguide is connected to one end of the surface waveguide, and the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to the One end of the second S-shaped waveguide is connected, and the other end of the second S-shaped waveguide is connected to one end of the second linear waveguide;
    所述第一直线波导与所述第二直线波导平行于所述纤芯，且与所述纤芯之间的距离为预设值。The first linear waveguide and the second linear waveguide are parallel to the fiber core, and the distance from the fiber core is a preset value.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的单模光纤，其特征在于，所述分束器包括第三S型波导，所述合束器包括第四S型波导；The single-mode optical fiber according to claim 2, wherein the beam splitter includes a third S-shaped waveguide, and the beam combiner includes a fourth S-shaped waveguide;
    所述第三S型波导的一端写入所述纤芯，另一端与所述表面波导的一端连接，所述表面波导的另一端与所述第四S型波导的一端连接，所述第四S型波导的另一端写入所述纤芯。One end of the third S-shaped waveguide is written into the fiber core, the other end is connected to one end of the surface waveguide, and the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the fourth S-waveguide, the fourth The other end of the S-shaped waveguide is written into the core.
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的单模光纤，其特征在于，所述表面波导的长度为4mm~8mm；The single-mode optical fiber according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the length of the surface waveguide is 4 mm to 8 mm;
    所述第一S型波导及第二S型波导的曲率为35mm~50mm，或者所述第三S型波导及所述第四S型波导的曲率为35mm~50mm。The curvature of the first S-shaped waveguide and the second S-shaped waveguide is 35 mm to 50 mm, or the curvature of the third S-shaped waveguide and the fourth S-shaped waveguide is 35 mm to 50 mm.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的单模光纤，其特征在于，所述分束器包括一端具有弧度的第三直线波导、所述合束器包括一端具有弧度的第四直线波导；所述第三直线波导具有弧度的一端与所述表面波导的一端连接，所述表面波导的另一端与所述第四直线波导具有弧度的一端连接，所述表面波导的长度为4mm~8mm；The single-mode optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the beam splitter includes a third linear waveguide having an arc at one end, and the beam combiner includes a fourth linear waveguide having an arc at one end; the third straight line One end of the waveguide having an arc is connected to one end of the surface waveguide, the other end of the surface waveguide is connected to one end of the fourth linear waveguide having an arc, and the length of the surface waveguide is 4 mm to 8 mm;
    所述第三直线波导长于所述第四直线波导，所述第三直线波导的另一端与所述纤芯交叉，形成预设夹角，所述第四直线波导的另一端写入所述纤芯，且形成所述预设夹角，所述预设夹角为0.01rad~0.05rad。The third linear waveguide is longer than the fourth linear waveguide, the other end of the third linear waveguide crosses the fiber core to form a predetermined angle, and the other end of the fourth linear waveguide is written into the fiber And form the preset angle, the preset angle is 0.01rad ~ 0.05rad.
  7. 一种表面等离子体共振SPR生物传感器，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至6任意一项所述的单模光纤，所述单模光纤上镀有镀膜层，所述镀膜层上覆盖有氧化后的多巴胺薄膜层，所述多巴胺薄膜层上包含脱氧核糖核酸DNA探针。A surface plasmon resonance SPR biosensor, characterized by comprising the single-mode optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the single-mode optical fiber is coated with a coating layer, and the coating layer is covered with oxidation After the dopamine film layer, the dopamine film layer contains a DNA probe.
  8. 一种表面等离子体共振SPR生物传感器的制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：A method for preparing a surface plasmon resonance SPR biosensor, characterized in that the method includes:
    利用飞秒激光直写光波导技术在初始单模光纤内写制表面波导，得到具有表面波导的单模光纤；Using the femtosecond laser direct-write optical waveguide technology to write a surface waveguide in the original single-mode fiber, a single-mode fiber with a surface waveguide is obtained;
    采用磁控溅射镀膜方法在所述单模光纤上镀上镀膜层；Applying a coating layer on the single-mode optical fiber by using a magnetron sputtering coating method;
    采用自聚合方式在所述镀膜层上形成预设厚度的多巴胺薄膜层，得到SPR生物传感器样品；Forming a dopamine thin film layer with a predetermined thickness on the coating layer by using a self-polymerization method to obtain an SPR biosensor sample;
    将所述SPR传感器样品放入DNA探针分子溶液中进行氧化，使得氧化后的多巴胺薄膜层上包含脱氧核糖核酸DNA探针。The SPR sensor sample is put into a DNA probe molecular solution for oxidation, so that the oxidized dopamine film layer contains a DNA probe.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的SPR生物传感器的制备方法，其特征在于，所述采用磁控溅射镀膜方法在所述单模光纤上镀上镀膜层，包括：The method for preparing an SPR biosensor according to claim 8, wherein the magnetron sputtering coating method is used to coat a coating layer on the single-mode optical fiber, including:
    将所述单模光纤放置在光纤旋转装置上，由所述光纤旋转装置带动所述单模光纤旋转，且在旋转的过程中，采用磁控溅射镀膜方法在所述单模光纤上均匀镀膜，得到镀膜层，所述镀膜层的材料包括Ti/Ag/Au复合金属膜，所述镀膜层的厚度为45nm~60nm。The single-mode optical fiber is placed on an optical fiber rotating device, and the single-mode optical fiber is driven to rotate by the optical fiber rotating device, and during the rotation, a magnetron sputtering coating method is used to uniformly coat the single-mode optical fiber To obtain a plating layer, the material of the plating layer includes a Ti / Ag / Au composite metal film, and the thickness of the plating layer is 45 nm to 60 nm.
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的SPR生物传感器的制备方法，其特征在于，所述采用自聚合方式在所述镀膜层上形成预设厚度的多巴胺薄膜层，得到SPR传感器样品，包括：The method for preparing an SPR biosensor according to claim 8, wherein the self-polymerization method is used to form a dopamine thin film layer with a predetermined thickness on the coating layer to obtain an SPR sensor sample, including:
    将具有镀膜层的单模光纤放入已稀释多巴胺溶剂的缓冲液中存放第一时长；Put the single-mode optical fiber with the coating layer into the buffer solution of diluted dopamine solvent and store it for the first time;
    将所述具有镀膜层的单模光纤从所述缓冲液中取出，放入多巴胺溶液进行生物交联膜自组装，以便在所述镀膜层上形成预设厚度的多巴胺薄膜层，得到SPR传感器样品。The single-mode optical fiber with a coating layer is taken out of the buffer solution, and a dopamine solution is put into self-assembly of a biocrosslinking film, so as to form a dopamine thin film layer with a predetermined thickness on the coating layer to obtain an SPR sensor sample .
PCT/CN2018/112720 2018-10-30 2018-10-30 Monomode optical fiber having surface waveguide, spr biosensor and preparation method WO2020087283A1 (en)

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