WO2020077789A1 - Electric motor and compressor - Google Patents

Electric motor and compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020077789A1
WO2020077789A1 PCT/CN2018/121192 CN2018121192W WO2020077789A1 WO 2020077789 A1 WO2020077789 A1 WO 2020077789A1 CN 2018121192 W CN2018121192 W CN 2018121192W WO 2020077789 A1 WO2020077789 A1 WO 2020077789A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
housing
channel
motor
stator
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PCT/CN2018/121192
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘华
张治平
李宏波
钟瑞兴
蒋彩云
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珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020077789A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020077789A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of compressors, and in particular, to a motor and a compressor.
  • Permanent magnet synchronous motor has the characteristics of small size, high overall operating efficiency and high power factor. It is widely used in centrifugal compressors, screw compressors, blowers and other similar models to drive as power. Compared with asynchronous starter motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors use permanent magnets in the rotor of the motor to prevent excitation current from generating magnetic fields and causing excitation losses, thereby generating a lot of heat. If the internal temperature of the motor is high, parts such as wire packs are prone to aging, which affects the insulation performance; especially the permanent magnets inside the rotor will cause demagnetization due to long-term working in a high-temperature working environment.
  • the cooling methods used in permanent magnet synchronous motors can be divided into two types according to the type of motor: 1) Open-type motors often use air-cooled cooling methods, using fans to drive the air around the motor to dissipate heat for the motor, but this structure will increase the The temperature of the environment requires additional equipment to dissipate heat from the outside environment, and this structure is open and the working environment of the motor is poor, which has certain limitations; 2) The closed motor is in a closed housing, and the working environment is relatively good. Use Freon and other easy to evaporate, non-conductive liquid cooling medium to cool. Most compressors use the second structure and cooling method.
  • the closed motor uses liquid cooling medium to cool, and there are many common cooling methods. Such as: spraying cooling medium on the windings at both ends of the stator; or adding spiral flow channels on the outer surface of the stator to cool the temperature of the outer surface of the winding, etc. Because these measures are relatively simple and the cooling effect is limited, it is inevitable that the local temperature will be high.
  • One of the objectives of the present disclosure is to propose a motor and a compressor for alleviating the problem of uneven cooling of the motor.
  • the motor includes: a housing; a rotor provided in the housing; a refrigerant introduction channel provided in the housing for introducing refrigerant outside the housing, and Directing the refrigerant in the direction from the first end to the second end inside the casing to lead to the second end inside the casing; and a refrigerant outlet channel provided in the casing for guiding the casing
  • the refrigerant at the second end inside the body leads to the first end inside the casing, and leads the refrigerant to the outside of the casing; one of the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant outlet channel includes The channel of the rotor; the other of the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant extraction channel includes a channel provided in the housing.
  • the rotor includes a shaft, and an iron core surrounded on the shaft; the refrigerant introduction channel includes a first channel provided in the shaft.
  • the end of the shaft near the first end inside the housing is provided with a refrigerant introduction port.
  • the rotor includes a shaft, and an iron core surrounded on the shaft; the refrigerant outlet channel includes a first channel provided in the shaft.
  • the first channel is provided along the central axis of the shaft.
  • the rotor includes a shaft, and an iron core surrounded on the shaft; the refrigerant outlet channel includes a second channel provided in the iron core.
  • the refrigerant introduction channel includes a third channel provided in the housing.
  • the housing is provided with a refrigerant inlet, and the liquid inlet end of the third channel communicates with the refrigerant inlet.
  • the motor includes a stator, which is provided in the housing and has an interference fit with the inner wall of the housing; the liquid inlet of the third channel is located between the stator and the housing.
  • the motor includes a stator, which is provided in the housing and has an interference fit with the inner wall of the housing; at least a partial area of the discharge end of the third channel exceeds the end of the stator.
  • the refrigerant outlet channel includes a third channel provided in the housing.
  • the motor includes a stator, which is provided in the housing and has an interference fit with the inner wall of the housing; at least a portion of the liquid inlet end of the third channel exceeds the first end of the stator; and / Or, at least a partial area of the outlet end of the third channel exceeds the second end of the stator.
  • the motor includes a stator, which is provided between the housing and the rotor; the refrigerant outlet channel includes a fourth channel, which is provided between the stator and the rotor.
  • the motor further includes a liquid spraying member, which is provided at the first end of the housing and used for spraying the refrigerant into the refrigerant introduction channel.
  • the channel provided in the housing spirally extends along the inner wall of the housing.
  • Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a compressor including the motor described above.
  • the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant extraction channel cooperate to plan a cooling path, and the refrigerant flows along the cooling path to ensure that every place can be cooled to and improve the cooling uniformity; and the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant One of the extraction channels includes the channel provided in the rotor; the other of the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant extraction channel includes the channel provided in the casing, which can effectively cool the center and the outer edge of the motor, eliminating local high temperature on the motor Performance impact.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of a motor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of a motor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • some embodiments provide a motor including a housing 1.
  • the housing 1 has a cylindrical shape.
  • the electric machine includes a rotor 2 that is disposed in the housing 1.
  • the axial direction of the rotor 2 coincides with the axial direction of the housing 1.
  • the axial direction of the housing 1 coincides with the axial direction of the motor.
  • the first end of the housing 1 refers to the first axial end of the housing 1; the second end of the housing 1 refers to the second axial end of the housing 1.
  • the first end and the second end of the housing 1 are opposite to each other, and are opposite ends.
  • the first end of the housing 1 may correspond to the tail end of the motor, and the second end of the housing 1 may correspond to the head end of the motor.
  • the first end of the housing 1 may correspond to the head end of the motor, and the second end of the housing 1 may correspond to the tail end of the motor.
  • the rotor 2 includes a shaft 21 and an iron core 22 surrounded on the shaft 21.
  • the iron core 22 includes several silicon steel sheets sleeved on the shaft 21.
  • the electric machine includes a stator 7 that is provided in the housing 1.
  • the stator 7 has an interference fit with the inner wall of the housing 1. Not only is there no gap between the stator 7 and the housing 1, there is also a negative gap.
  • hot assembly is required, that is, the housing 1 is heated to expand, and the housing 1 has a space to be inserted into the stator 7 and then is inserted into the stator 7. After the housing 1 is cooled, the housing 1 and the stator 7 are fixedly connected due to the interference between the two.
  • the stator 7 is provided between the housing 1 and the rotor 2.
  • the rotor 2 passes through the middle of the stator 7 and is installed inside the stator 7, and both ends of the rotor 2 are supported on front and rear bearings. There is a gap between the rotor 2 and the stator 7, called an air gap.
  • the motor further includes a refrigerant introduction channel.
  • the refrigerant introduction channel is provided in the casing 1 to introduce the refrigerant outside the casing 1 and to direct the refrigerant in the direction from the first end to the second end inside the casing 1 to the second inside the casing 1 end.
  • the motor further includes a refrigerant extraction channel.
  • the refrigerant extraction channel is provided in the casing 1 for guiding the refrigerant at the second end inside the casing 1 to the first end inside the casing 1 and the refrigerant to the outside of the casing 1.
  • the refrigerant inlet channel and the refrigerant outlet channel cooperate to plan the cooling path of the motor.
  • the refrigerant flows along the cooling path to ensure that every place in the motor can be cooled to a good cooling uniformity.
  • One of the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant introduction channel includes a channel provided in the rotor 2; the other of the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant introduction channel includes a channel provided in the housing 1. It is used to cool the center and edge of the motor to prevent the local temperature of the motor from being too high; improve the problem of uneven cooling of the motor, eliminate the damage caused by local high temperature, ensure the safe and normal operation of the motor, and avoid the motor rotor because of long-term operation at Damage caused by demagnetization of permanent magnet in high temperature environment.
  • the direction of the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant introduction channel are opposite, the direction of refrigerant introduction and extraction is determined, and the refrigerant flows in sequence along the channel, which can ensure that every place can be cooled to improve the uniformity of cooling.
  • the refrigerant introduction channel includes a first channel 3 provided in the shaft 21.
  • the end of the shaft 21 near the first end of the housing 1 is provided with a refrigerant introduction port.
  • the housing 1 may not be provided with a refrigerant inlet.
  • the first channel 3 is arranged along the central axis of the shaft 21.
  • a through hole is opened in the center of the shaft 21 of the rotor 2 in the axial direction, which is a first passage 3, which can pass a refrigerant and cool the center of the rotor 2.
  • the size of the first channel 3 is premised on ensuring the strength of the shaft 21, and is increased as much as possible to facilitate processing and improve the cooling effect.
  • a number of holes are opened radially, which are lead holes.
  • the lead hole penetrates the first passage 3 to lead the refrigerant out of the shaft 21, that is, toward the second end inside the housing 1.
  • the small number of pilot holes at the discharge end of the shaft 21 will affect the refrigerant flow rate; the large number of pilot holes will affect the strength of the shaft 21. Therefore, the number of the pilot holes is generally 2 to 7, preferably 3 to 5.
  • the refrigerant outlet channel includes a third channel 5 provided in the housing 1.
  • At least part of the area of the liquid inlet end of the third channel 5 exceeds the first end of the stator 7 to facilitate the introduction of refrigerant into the third channel 5.
  • At least part of the area of the liquid outlet end of the third channel 5 exceeds the second end of the stator 7, so that the refrigerant can be led out of the third channel 5.
  • first end of the stator 7 is located at the first end of the housing 1 and the second end of the stator 7 is located at the second end of the housing 1.
  • the third channel 5 provided in the housing 1 spirally extends along the inner wall of the housing 1.
  • the third channel 5 is a spiral groove.
  • the third channel 5 is located at the end of the spiral groove at the front of the motor and at the end of the spiral groove at the rear of the motor, the local groove widths are increased, so that after the stator 7 is installed, both ends of the spiral groove are beyond the stator 7, that is, there is a gap
  • the refrigerant can be introduced into / exited from the spiral groove.
  • the refrigerant outlet channel includes a fourth channel 6 provided between the stator 7 and the rotor 2.
  • the refrigerant outlet channel includes the second channel 4 provided in the iron core 22 of the rotor 2.
  • a through hole is formed in the side wall of the rear end of the casing 1 as a refrigerant outlet, which is used to guide the refrigerant that completes the cooling task to the outside of the casing 1.
  • the motor further includes a liquid ejecting member 8, which is provided at the first end of the housing 1 and used to spray the refrigerant into the refrigerant introduction channel.
  • a liquid ejecting member 8 is fixedly installed at the rear of the motor.
  • the liquid ejecting member 8 communicates with the refrigerant outside the casing 1 through a pipeline, and introduces the liquid refrigerant into the liquid ejecting member 8.
  • the liquid ejecting member 8 has a nozzle. The nozzle faces the first channel 3 on the rotor shaft, so that the discharged refrigerant directly enters the first channel 3 on the rotor shaft.
  • the liquid refrigerant When the motor is running, the liquid refrigerant is ejected from the nozzle of the liquid ejecting member 8, enters the first passage 3 of the rotor shaft, and reaches the front end of the motor along the first passage 3. During this process, the inside of the motor rotor shaft is cooled.
  • the refrigerant reaches the terminal of the first channel 3 and is thrown out of the guide hole by the rotation of the shaft.
  • the pressure increases, and the refrigerant is pressed into the third passage 5 of the casing 1, the fourth passage 6 between the stator 7 and the rotor 2, and / or is provided in the iron core
  • the second channel 4 of 22 goes from the front of the motor to the rear of the motor. Where the refrigerant passes, the outside and inside of the stator 7 and the inside and outside of the rotor 2 are cooled, and the cooling is uniform.
  • the refrigerant gradually changes from liquid to gas after absorbing heat.
  • the refrigerant gas reaching the rear end of the motor may be led out from the refrigerant outlet 12 of the housing 1 to complete the cooling process of the motor.
  • the refrigerant introduction channel includes a third channel 5 provided in the housing 1.
  • the housing 1 is provided with a refrigerant inlet 12, and the liquid inlet of the third channel 5 communicates with the refrigerant inlet 11.
  • the liquid inlet end of the third channel 5 is located between the stator 7 and the housing 1.
  • At least part of the area of the discharge end of the third channel 5 exceeds the end of the stator 7; so that the refrigerant can pass through the outer surface of the stator as much as possible along the third channel 5, and the refrigerant cannot leak out.
  • the third channel 5 provided in the housing 1 spirally extends along the inner wall of the housing 1.
  • the third channel 5 is a spiral groove.
  • the third channel 5 is located in the spiral groove at the second end (front end) of the motor, and the groove width is partially increased so that after the stator 7 is installed, the spiral groove exceeds the stator 7, that is, there is a notch that can lead the refrigerant out of the spiral groove.
  • the refrigerant outlet channel includes a plurality of second channels 4 arranged on the iron core 22 of the rotor 2 along the axial direction, and the second channels 4 are used for refrigerant to pass through.
  • the second channels 4 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor 2.
  • the iron core 22 includes several silicon steel sheets surrounding the shaft 21, and the second channel 4 may be provided on the silicon steel sheets.
  • the number of the second channel 4 can be determined according to the size of the motor power and the size of the silicon steel sheet. The larger the motor power and the larger the size of the silicon steel sheet, the more heat is generated, and the greater the number of second channels 4, the better the cooling effect.
  • the number of the second channels 4 is 3-12, preferably 4-8.
  • the size of the second channel 4 is too small, which affects the passage of refrigerant; if the size is too large, it affects the performance of the motor.
  • the aperture of the second channel 4 is 4-20 mm, preferably 5-10 mm.
  • the refrigerant outlet channel includes a fourth channel 6 provided between the stator 7 and the rotor 2.
  • the refrigerant outlet channel includes a first channel 3 provided in the shaft 21 of the rotor 2.
  • a through hole is formed in the first end side wall of the casing 1 as a refrigerant outlet 12 for guiding the refrigerant that completes the cooling task to the outside of the casing 1.
  • the refrigerant enters the third channel 5 provided on the casing 1 through the refrigerant inlet 11 on the casing 1, and reaches the second end from the first end inside the casing 1, and the refrigerant accumulates on the second end inside the casing 1 after the pressure Increase, the refrigerant is pressed into the second channel 4 on the iron core 22, the fourth channel 6 between the stator 7 and the rotor 2, and / or the first channel 3 in the shaft 21 of the rotor 2, from the motor The second end (front) reaches the first end (tail) of the motor. Where the refrigerant passes, the inside and outside of the stator 7 and the outside and inside of the rotor 2 are cooled.
  • the refrigerant gradually changes from liquid to gas after absorbing heat.
  • the refrigerant gas reaching the rear end of the motor (the first end inside the housing 1) can be led out from the refrigerant outlet 12 of the housing 1 to complete the cooling process of the motor.
  • the third channel 5 provided on the inner wall of the housing 1 is in the form of a spiral groove.
  • the direction of rotation of the spiral groove can be left or right.
  • the spiral grooves are evenly spaced.
  • the size and spacing of the spiral groove can be determined according to the power and heat of the motor.
  • the contact surface between the stator 7 and the housing 1 generates frictional force due to interference fit, and the frictional force generates a frictional torque opposite to the rotational torque.
  • the friction torque T2 is proportional to the length of the stator 7 and the housing 1.
  • the mating length here refers to the contact length between the stator 7 and the housing 1. There is no contact between the two in the spiral groove, so they should be excluded. That is, the L value is the length of the stator minus the total width of the spiral slots.
  • the width of the spiral groove increases and the spacing decreases, and the cooling uniformity is good.
  • the actual length of the interference fit will decrease. Since the friction torque must be greater than the rotating torque, the size of the spiral groove should be determined according to the actual situation, provided that the contact fit length between the stator 7 and the housing 1 is ensured, so that the friction torque is greater than the rotating torque to ensure the normal operation of the motor.
  • the refrigerant at the second end inside the casing 1 enters the spiral groove, along the spiral groove from the second end (front end) of the motor to the first end (tail) of the motor. Get cool.
  • liquid refrigerant is introduced into the housing 1 from the refrigerant inlet, and along the spiral groove inside the housing 1 from the first end (tail) of the motor to the second end (front) of the motor.
  • the outside of the stator 7 is cooled.
  • the refrigerant enters the front end of the motor from the spiral groove gap.
  • a hole is formed on the rotor 2 to increase the passage of refrigerant through the rotor 2, so that the refrigerant effectively cools the center, the outer edge of the motor, and the area between the center and the outer edge to improve the uneven cooling of the motor Problems, to prevent damage caused by local high temperature, ensure the safe and normal operation of the motor, and avoid the damage caused by the permanent magnet demagnetization caused by the permanent rotation of the motor rotor 2 in a high temperature environment.
  • Some embodiments provide a compressor including the motor described above.
  • the rotor 2 of the motor is the core of the core. If the temperature is too high, it will damage the motor and even the permanent magnets in the rotor Demagnetization will directly degrade the performance of the motor and even fail to operate normally, which will bring hidden dangers to the reliability of the compressor.
  • the structure of the motor provided by the present disclosure is uniformly cooled, which can eliminate the local high temperature portion and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the compressor.
  • the motors of the present disclosure include permanent magnet synchronous motors, permanent magnet synchronous frequency conversion motors, and the like.
  • the disclosure can uniformly cool the motor to solve the problem of uniformity of cooling of the high-power closed-type motor and avoid the problem of motor damage caused by permanent magnet demagnetization caused by the motor rotor running for a long time in a high-temperature environment.
  • the compressor of the present disclosure includes centrifugal compressors, screw compressors, and the like.
  • the motor provided by the present disclosure can also be used in blowers and similar models as a source of power.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an electric motor and a compressor. The electric motor comprises: a housing; a rotor arranged inside the housing; a refrigerant leading-in passage arranged inside the housing and used for leading a refrigerant into the housing from the outside and leading the flow of the refrigerant in a direction from a first end to a second end inside the housing so as to lead the refrigerant to the second end inside the housing; and a refrigerant leading-out passage arranged inside the housing and used for leading the refrigerant from the second end inside the housing to the first end inside the housing and leading the refrigerant to the outside of the housing. One of the refrigerant leading-in passage and the refrigerant leading-out passage comprises a passage arranged inside the rotor, and the other one of the refrigerant leading-in passage and the refrigerant leading-out passage comprises a passage arranged inside the housing. The present disclosure plans a refrigerant cooling path, so as to ensure that each place can be cooled, thereby improving the uniformity of cooling; and both the inner center and outer edge of the electric motor can be effectively cooled, thereby eliminating the impact of localized high temperatures on the performance of the electric motor.

Description

电机及压缩机Motor and compressor
本申请是以CN申请号为201811208176.0，申请日为2018年10月17日的申请为This application is based on the CN application number 201811208176.0 and the application date is October 17, 2018. 基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。Basis, and claim its priority, the disclosure content of the CN application is hereby incorporated into this application as a whole.
技术领域Technical field
本公开涉及压缩机领域，尤其涉及一种电机及压缩机。The present disclosure relates to the field of compressors, and in particular, to a motor and a compressor.
背景技术Background technique
永磁同步电机具有体积小、整体运行效率高、功率因素高等特点，广泛用于离心压缩机、螺杆压缩机、鼓风机等多种类似机型，作为动力来进行驱动。与异步启动电机相比，永磁同步电机采用电机转子中的永磁体励磁，可避免励磁电流产生磁场的同时引起励磁损耗，从而产生大量热量。如果电机内部温度较高，线包等部分容易老化，影响绝缘性能；特别是转子内部的永磁体，因长期在高温工作环境下工作，会引起退磁现象。所以需要采取相应的散热降温措施，带走电机内部的热量，降低电机的温度。对于大功率电机，绕组电流较大，发热量更多，有效的散热降温尤其必要。Permanent magnet synchronous motor has the characteristics of small size, high overall operating efficiency and high power factor. It is widely used in centrifugal compressors, screw compressors, blowers and other similar models to drive as power. Compared with asynchronous starter motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors use permanent magnets in the rotor of the motor to prevent excitation current from generating magnetic fields and causing excitation losses, thereby generating a lot of heat. If the internal temperature of the motor is high, parts such as wire packs are prone to aging, which affects the insulation performance; especially the permanent magnets inside the rotor will cause demagnetization due to long-term working in a high-temperature working environment. Therefore, it is necessary to take corresponding heat dissipation and cooling measures to take away the heat inside the motor and reduce the temperature of the motor. For high-power motors, the winding current is larger and the heat is more, and effective heat dissipation and cooling are especially necessary.
永磁同步电机采用的冷却方式根据电机类型可分为两种：1)开式电机常采用风冷的冷却方式，利用风扇带动电机周围空气流动，从而为电机散热，但是该种结构会增加整个环境的温度，需额外增加设备对外界环境进行散热，并且这种结构开放，电机工作环境差，有一定的局限性；2)闭式电机在一个封闭的壳体里面，工作环境相对较好，采用氟利昂等易蒸发、不导电液态冷却介质来冷却。大部分压缩机采用第二种结构及冷却方式。The cooling methods used in permanent magnet synchronous motors can be divided into two types according to the type of motor: 1) Open-type motors often use air-cooled cooling methods, using fans to drive the air around the motor to dissipate heat for the motor, but this structure will increase the The temperature of the environment requires additional equipment to dissipate heat from the outside environment, and this structure is open and the working environment of the motor is poor, which has certain limitations; 2) The closed motor is in a closed housing, and the working environment is relatively good. Use Freon and other easy to evaporate, non-conductive liquid cooling medium to cool. Most compressors use the second structure and cooling method.
闭式电机采用液态冷却介质来冷却，常用的冷却方法亦有多种。如：在定子两端的绕组处喷洒冷却介质；或者是在定子外表面增设螺旋流道来冷却绕组外表面的温度等。由于这些措施均比较单一，冷却效果有限，难免有局部温度偏高的情况。The closed motor uses liquid cooling medium to cool, and there are many common cooling methods. Such as: spraying cooling medium on the windings at both ends of the stator; or adding spiral flow channels on the outer surface of the stator to cool the temperature of the outer surface of the winding, etc. Because these measures are relatively simple and the cooling effect is limited, it is inevitable that the local temperature will be high.
当电机功率比较大时，产生热量就会增多。同时，电机长度、直径也会增加，冷却的不均匀性就会提高。特别是电机功率大于500KW，直径达到500mm以上时，这种单一冷却方式仅能冷却转子两端或者定子外表面，很难冷却到转子中间部位，而对于永磁电机，转子上面的铁芯内部发热较多，容易使局部由于冷却不到引起温度偏高，不能达到较好的降温效果。若仅靠增加冷媒供应来消除局部高温，对于冷媒达不到的 铁芯部分的降温效果有限，给电机可靠性运行带来隐患的同时，还带来冷量损失，造成压缩机性能下降。When the motor power is relatively large, the heat generated will increase. At the same time, the length and diameter of the motor will increase, and the unevenness of cooling will increase. Especially when the motor power is greater than 500KW and the diameter is more than 500mm, this single cooling method can only cool the rotor ends or the outer surface of the stator, and it is difficult to cool to the middle of the rotor. For permanent magnet motors, the iron core above the rotor generates heat Many, it is easy to make the local temperature higher due to insufficient cooling, and it is impossible to achieve a good cooling effect. If we only increase the supply of refrigerant to eliminate the local high temperature, the cooling effect of the iron core part that the refrigerant cannot reach is limited, which brings hidden dangers to the reliable operation of the motor, as well as the loss of cooling capacity and the performance of the compressor.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本公开的其中一个目的是提出一种电机及压缩机，用于缓解电机冷却不均匀的问题。One of the objectives of the present disclosure is to propose a motor and a compressor for alleviating the problem of uneven cooling of the motor.
依据本公开的一些实施例的一个方面，电机包括：壳体；转子，设于所述壳体内；冷媒引入通道，设于所述壳体内，用于将所述壳体外部的冷媒引入，且将冷媒沿所述壳体内部的第一端至第二端的方向引流，以引至所述壳体内部的第二端；以及冷媒引出通道，设于所述壳体内，用于将所述壳体内部的第二端的冷媒引向所述壳体内部的第一端，并将冷媒引向所述壳体的外部；所述冷媒引入通道和所述冷媒引出通道的其中之一包括设于所述转子的通道；所述冷媒引入通道和所述冷媒引出通道的其中另一包括设于所述壳体的通道。According to an aspect of some embodiments of the present disclosure, the motor includes: a housing; a rotor provided in the housing; a refrigerant introduction channel provided in the housing for introducing refrigerant outside the housing, and Directing the refrigerant in the direction from the first end to the second end inside the casing to lead to the second end inside the casing; and a refrigerant outlet channel provided in the casing for guiding the casing The refrigerant at the second end inside the body leads to the first end inside the casing, and leads the refrigerant to the outside of the casing; one of the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant outlet channel includes The channel of the rotor; the other of the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant extraction channel includes a channel provided in the housing.
在一些实施例中，所述转子包括轴，以及所述轴上包围的铁芯；所述冷媒引入通道包括设于所述轴内的第一通道。In some embodiments, the rotor includes a shaft, and an iron core surrounded on the shaft; the refrigerant introduction channel includes a first channel provided in the shaft.
在一些实施例中，所述轴靠近所述壳体内部的第一端的端部设有冷媒引入口。In some embodiments, the end of the shaft near the first end inside the housing is provided with a refrigerant introduction port.
在一些实施例中，所述转子包括轴，以及所述轴上包围的铁芯；所述冷媒引出通道包括设于所述轴内的第一通道。In some embodiments, the rotor includes a shaft, and an iron core surrounded on the shaft; the refrigerant outlet channel includes a first channel provided in the shaft.
在一些实施例中，所述第一通道沿所述轴的中轴线设置。In some embodiments, the first channel is provided along the central axis of the shaft.
在一些实施例中，所述转子包括轴，以及所述轴上包围的铁芯；所述冷媒引出通道包括设于所述铁芯的第二通道。In some embodiments, the rotor includes a shaft, and an iron core surrounded on the shaft; the refrigerant outlet channel includes a second channel provided in the iron core.
在一些实施例中，所述冷媒引入通道包括设于所述壳体的第三通道。In some embodiments, the refrigerant introduction channel includes a third channel provided in the housing.
在一些实施例中，所述壳体设有冷媒入口，所述第三通道的进液端与所述冷媒入口连通。In some embodiments, the housing is provided with a refrigerant inlet, and the liquid inlet end of the third channel communicates with the refrigerant inlet.
在一些实施例中，电机包括定子，设于所述壳体内，与所述壳体的内壁过盈配合；所述第三通道的进液端位于所述定子与所述壳体之间。In some embodiments, the motor includes a stator, which is provided in the housing and has an interference fit with the inner wall of the housing; the liquid inlet of the third channel is located between the stator and the housing.
在一些实施例中，电机包括定子，设于所述壳体内，与所述壳体的内壁过盈配合；所述第三通道的出液端的至少部分区域超出所述定子的端部。In some embodiments, the motor includes a stator, which is provided in the housing and has an interference fit with the inner wall of the housing; at least a partial area of the discharge end of the third channel exceeds the end of the stator.
在一些实施例中，所述冷媒引出通道包括设于所述壳体的第三通道。In some embodiments, the refrigerant outlet channel includes a third channel provided in the housing.
在一些实施例中，电机包括定子，设于所述壳体内，与所述壳体的内壁过盈配合； 所述第三通道的进液端的至少部分区域超出所述定子的第一端；和/或，所述第三通道的出液端的至少部分区域超出所述定子的第二端。In some embodiments, the motor includes a stator, which is provided in the housing and has an interference fit with the inner wall of the housing; at least a portion of the liquid inlet end of the third channel exceeds the first end of the stator; and / Or, at least a partial area of the outlet end of the third channel exceeds the second end of the stator.
在一些实施例中，电机包括定子，设于所述壳体与所述转子之间；所述冷媒引出通道包括设于所述定子与所述转子之间的第四通道。In some embodiments, the motor includes a stator, which is provided between the housing and the rotor; the refrigerant outlet channel includes a fourth channel, which is provided between the stator and the rotor.
在一些实施例中，电机还包括喷液件，设于所述壳体的第一端，用于向所述冷媒引入通道内喷入冷媒。In some embodiments, the motor further includes a liquid spraying member, which is provided at the first end of the housing and used for spraying the refrigerant into the refrigerant introduction channel.
在一些实施例中，所述设于所述壳体的通道沿所述壳体的内壁螺旋延伸。In some embodiments, the channel provided in the housing spirally extends along the inner wall of the housing.
本公开的一些实施例提供了一种压缩机，其包括上述的电机。Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a compressor including the motor described above.
根据本公开的实施例的电机，冷媒引入通道和冷媒引出通道配合，规划了冷却路径，冷媒沿冷却路径流动，以确保每个地方均能冷却到，提高冷却均匀性；且冷媒引入通道和冷媒引出通道的其中之一包括设于转子的通道；冷媒引入通道和冷媒引出通道的其中另一包括设于壳体的通道，能够对电机内部的中心和外缘均有效冷却，消除局部高温对电机性能的影响。According to the motor of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant extraction channel cooperate to plan a cooling path, and the refrigerant flows along the cooling path to ensure that every place can be cooled to and improve the cooling uniformity; and the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant One of the extraction channels includes the channel provided in the rotor; the other of the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant extraction channel includes the channel provided in the casing, which can effectively cool the center and the outer edge of the motor, eliminating local high temperature on the motor Performance impact.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION
图1是示出根据本公开一些实施例的电机的第一实施例的示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of a motor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
图2是示出根据本公开一些实施例的电机的第二实施例的示意图。2 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of a motor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
附图中标号说明：Explanation of symbols in the drawings:
1-壳体；11-冷媒入口；12-冷媒出口；1- shell; 11- refrigerant inlet; 12- refrigerant outlet;
2-转子；21-轴；22-铁芯；2-rotor; 21-shaft; 22-iron core;
3-第一通道；3- the first channel;
4-第二通道；4- the second channel;
5-第三通道；5- Third channel;
6-第四通道；6- The fourth channel;
7-定子；7- stator
8-喷液件。8- Liquid spraying parts.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基 于本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制。In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "portrait", "landscape", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, not to indicate or imply The device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
如图1、图2所示，一些实施例提供了一种电机，其包括壳体1。在一些实施例中，壳体1为圆筒形状。As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, some embodiments provide a motor including a housing 1. In some embodiments, the housing 1 has a cylindrical shape.
在一些实施例中，电机包括转子2，转子2设于壳体1内。转子2的轴向与壳体1的轴向一致。壳体1的轴向与电机的轴向一致。In some embodiments, the electric machine includes a rotor 2 that is disposed in the housing 1. The axial direction of the rotor 2 coincides with the axial direction of the housing 1. The axial direction of the housing 1 coincides with the axial direction of the motor.
其中，壳体1的第一端指的是壳体1的轴向的第一端；壳体1的第二端指的是壳体1的轴向的第二端。壳体1的第一端与第二端相对设置，为相反的两端。The first end of the housing 1 refers to the first axial end of the housing 1; the second end of the housing 1 refers to the second axial end of the housing 1. The first end and the second end of the housing 1 are opposite to each other, and are opposite ends.
壳体1的第一端可以对应于电机的尾端，壳体1的第二端可以对应于电机的头端。或者，壳体1的第一端可以对应于电机的头端，壳体1的第二端可以对应于电机的尾端。The first end of the housing 1 may correspond to the tail end of the motor, and the second end of the housing 1 may correspond to the head end of the motor. Alternatively, the first end of the housing 1 may correspond to the head end of the motor, and the second end of the housing 1 may correspond to the tail end of the motor.
在一些实施例中，转子2包括轴21，以及轴21上包围的铁芯22。铁芯22包括数个套在轴21上的硅钢片。In some embodiments, the rotor 2 includes a shaft 21 and an iron core 22 surrounded on the shaft 21. The iron core 22 includes several silicon steel sheets sleeved on the shaft 21.
在一些实施例中，电机包括定子7，定子7设于壳体1内。In some embodiments, the electric machine includes a stator 7 that is provided in the housing 1.
在一些实施例中，定子7与壳体1的内壁过盈配合。定子7与壳体1之间不但没有间隙，还有负间隙。装配时需要热装，即加热壳体1使之膨胀，壳体1具有装入定子7的空间后，装入定子7。待壳体1冷却后，由于两者之间的过盈量，壳体1与定子7固定连接。In some embodiments, the stator 7 has an interference fit with the inner wall of the housing 1. Not only is there no gap between the stator 7 and the housing 1, there is also a negative gap. During assembly, hot assembly is required, that is, the housing 1 is heated to expand, and the housing 1 has a space to be inserted into the stator 7 and then is inserted into the stator 7. After the housing 1 is cooled, the housing 1 and the stator 7 are fixedly connected due to the interference between the two.
在一些实施例中，定子7设于壳体1与转子2之间。转子2从定子7中间穿过，安装在定子7内部，转子2的两端支撑在前后轴承上。转子2与定子7之间有间隙，称为气隙。In some embodiments, the stator 7 is provided between the housing 1 and the rotor 2. The rotor 2 passes through the middle of the stator 7 and is installed inside the stator 7, and both ends of the rotor 2 are supported on front and rear bearings. There is a gap between the rotor 2 and the stator 7, called an air gap.
在一些实施例中，电机还包括冷媒引入通道。冷媒引入通道设于壳体1内，用于将壳体1外部的冷媒引入，且将冷媒沿壳体1内部的第一端至第二端的方向引流，以引至壳体1内部的第二端。In some embodiments, the motor further includes a refrigerant introduction channel. The refrigerant introduction channel is provided in the casing 1 to introduce the refrigerant outside the casing 1 and to direct the refrigerant in the direction from the first end to the second end inside the casing 1 to the second inside the casing 1 end.
在一些实施例中，电机还包括冷媒引出通道。冷媒引出通道设于壳体1内，用于 将壳体1内部的第二端的冷媒引向壳体1内部的第一端，并将冷媒引向壳体1的外部。In some embodiments, the motor further includes a refrigerant extraction channel. The refrigerant extraction channel is provided in the casing 1 for guiding the refrigerant at the second end inside the casing 1 to the first end inside the casing 1 and the refrigerant to the outside of the casing 1.
冷媒引入通道和冷媒引出通道配合，规划了电机的冷却路径，冷媒沿冷却路径流动，以确保电机内的每个地方都能冷却到，冷却均匀性好。The refrigerant inlet channel and the refrigerant outlet channel cooperate to plan the cooling path of the motor. The refrigerant flows along the cooling path to ensure that every place in the motor can be cooled to a good cooling uniformity.
冷媒引入通道和冷媒引出通道的其中之一包括设于转子2的通道；冷媒引入通道和冷媒引出通道的其中另一包括设于壳体1的通道。以用于对电机内部的中心和边缘均实现冷却，防止电机局部温度过高；改善电机冷却不均匀的问题，杜绝局部高温带来的损害，确保电机安全正常运转，避免电机转子因为长期运行在高温环境中造成永磁体退磁而造成的损坏。One of the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant introduction channel includes a channel provided in the rotor 2; the other of the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant introduction channel includes a channel provided in the housing 1. It is used to cool the center and edge of the motor to prevent the local temperature of the motor from being too high; improve the problem of uneven cooling of the motor, eliminate the damage caused by local high temperature, ensure the safe and normal operation of the motor, and avoid the motor rotor because of long-term operation at Damage caused by demagnetization of permanent magnet in high temperature environment.
冷媒引入通道和冷媒引出通道的方向相反，冷媒引入和引出的方向确定，冷媒沿通道顺序流通，可以保证每个地方都能冷却到，提高冷却均匀性。The direction of the refrigerant introduction channel and the refrigerant introduction channel are opposite, the direction of refrigerant introduction and extraction is determined, and the refrigerant flows in sequence along the channel, which can ensure that every place can be cooled to improve the uniformity of cooling.
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，冷媒引入通道包括设于轴21内的第一通道3。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the refrigerant introduction channel includes a first channel 3 provided in the shaft 21.
在一些实施例中，轴21靠近壳体1的第一端的端部设有冷媒引入口。壳体1上可以不设置冷媒引入口。In some embodiments, the end of the shaft 21 near the first end of the housing 1 is provided with a refrigerant introduction port. The housing 1 may not be provided with a refrigerant inlet.
在一些实施例中，第一通道3沿轴21的中轴线设置。In some embodiments, the first channel 3 is arranged along the central axis of the shaft 21.
在转子2的轴21的中心沿轴向开一个通孔，为第一通道3，可以使冷媒通过，冷却转子2的中心。第一通道3的尺寸以保证轴21的强度为前提，尽量加大，以利于加工，提高冷却效果。A through hole is opened in the center of the shaft 21 of the rotor 2 in the axial direction, which is a first passage 3, which can pass a refrigerant and cool the center of the rotor 2. The size of the first channel 3 is premised on ensuring the strength of the shaft 21, and is increased as much as possible to facilitate processing and improve the cooling effect.
在轴21的第一通道3的排出端位置(位于壳体1内部的第二端)，径向开若干孔，为引孔。引孔与第一通道3贯通，将冷媒引出轴21外，即引向壳体1的内部的第二端。At the position of the discharge end of the first passage 3 of the shaft 21 (located at the second end inside the housing 1), a number of holes are opened radially, which are lead holes. The lead hole penetrates the first passage 3 to lead the refrigerant out of the shaft 21, that is, toward the second end inside the housing 1.
上述实施例中，轴21的排出端的引孔的数量少，会影响冷媒流量；引孔的数量多，会影响轴21的强度。因此，引孔的数量一般设置2～7个，优选3～5个。In the above embodiment, the small number of pilot holes at the discharge end of the shaft 21 will affect the refrigerant flow rate; the large number of pilot holes will affect the strength of the shaft 21. Therefore, the number of the pilot holes is generally 2 to 7, preferably 3 to 5.
在一些实施例中，冷媒引出通道包括设于壳体1的第三通道5。In some embodiments, the refrigerant outlet channel includes a third channel 5 provided in the housing 1.
第三通道5的进液端的至少部分区域超出定子7的第一端，便于将冷媒引入第三通道5。At least part of the area of the liquid inlet end of the third channel 5 exceeds the first end of the stator 7 to facilitate the introduction of refrigerant into the third channel 5.
第三通道5的出液端的至少部分区域超出定子7的第二端，便于将冷媒引出第三通道5。At least part of the area of the liquid outlet end of the third channel 5 exceeds the second end of the stator 7, so that the refrigerant can be led out of the third channel 5.
其中，定子7的第一端位于壳体1的第一端，定子7的第二端位于壳体1的第二端。Wherein, the first end of the stator 7 is located at the first end of the housing 1 and the second end of the stator 7 is located at the second end of the housing 1.
在一些实施例中，设于壳体1的第三通道5沿壳体1的内壁螺旋延伸。In some embodiments, the third channel 5 provided in the housing 1 spirally extends along the inner wall of the housing 1.
在一些实施例中，第三通道5为螺旋槽。第三通道5位于电机前端的螺旋槽端部以及位于电机后端的螺旋槽端部，其局部槽宽均增加，使安装定子7后，螺旋槽的两端均超出定子7，即有一个豁口，可以把冷媒引入/引出螺旋槽。In some embodiments, the third channel 5 is a spiral groove. The third channel 5 is located at the end of the spiral groove at the front of the motor and at the end of the spiral groove at the rear of the motor, the local groove widths are increased, so that after the stator 7 is installed, both ends of the spiral groove are beyond the stator 7, that is, there is a gap The refrigerant can be introduced into / exited from the spiral groove.
在一些实施例中，冷媒引出通道包括设于定子7与转子2之间的第四通道6。In some embodiments, the refrigerant outlet channel includes a fourth channel 6 provided between the stator 7 and the rotor 2.
在一些实施例中，冷媒引出通道包括设于转子2的铁芯22的第二通道4。In some embodiments, the refrigerant outlet channel includes the second channel 4 provided in the iron core 22 of the rotor 2.
在一些实施例中，壳体1的尾端侧壁上开一个通孔，为冷媒引出口，用于将完成冷却任务的冷媒引向壳体1的外部。In some embodiments, a through hole is formed in the side wall of the rear end of the casing 1 as a refrigerant outlet, which is used to guide the refrigerant that completes the cooling task to the outside of the casing 1.
在一些实施例中，电机还包括喷液件8，喷液件8设于壳体1的第一端，用于向冷媒引入通道内喷入冷媒。In some embodiments, the motor further includes a liquid ejecting member 8, which is provided at the first end of the housing 1 and used to spray the refrigerant into the refrigerant introduction channel.
在一些实施例中，电机尾部固定安装一个喷液件8。喷液件8通过管路与壳体1外部的冷媒相通，将液体冷媒引入喷液件8。喷液件8上有一个喷嘴。喷嘴正对转子轴上的第一通道3，使喷出的冷媒直接进入转子轴上的第一通道3内。In some embodiments, a liquid ejecting member 8 is fixedly installed at the rear of the motor. The liquid ejecting member 8 communicates with the refrigerant outside the casing 1 through a pipeline, and introduces the liquid refrigerant into the liquid ejecting member 8. The liquid ejecting member 8 has a nozzle. The nozzle faces the first channel 3 on the rotor shaft, so that the discharged refrigerant directly enters the first channel 3 on the rotor shaft.
电机运转时，液态冷媒从喷液件8的喷嘴喷出，进入转子轴的第一通道3，并且沿第一通道3到达电机前端。这个过程中，电机转子轴内部得到冷却。When the motor is running, the liquid refrigerant is ejected from the nozzle of the liquid ejecting member 8, enters the first passage 3 of the rotor shaft, and reaches the front end of the motor along the first passage 3. During this process, the inside of the motor rotor shaft is cooled.
冷媒到达第一通道3终端，被轴旋转甩出引孔。The refrigerant reaches the terminal of the first channel 3 and is thrown out of the guide hole by the rotation of the shaft.
冷媒聚集在壳体1内部的第二端后压力增大，冷媒分别被压入壳体1的第三通道5、定子7与转子2之间的第四通道6，和/或设于铁芯22的第二通道4，从电机前部到达电机尾部。冷媒所经之处，定子7的外侧和内侧、转子2的内部和外侧均得到冷却，冷却均匀。After the refrigerant accumulates at the second end inside the casing 1, the pressure increases, and the refrigerant is pressed into the third passage 5 of the casing 1, the fourth passage 6 between the stator 7 and the rotor 2, and / or is provided in the iron core The second channel 4 of 22 goes from the front of the motor to the rear of the motor. Where the refrigerant passes, the outside and inside of the stator 7 and the inside and outside of the rotor 2 are cooled, and the cooling is uniform.
冷媒在冷却过程中，吸热后由液态逐渐变为气态。During the cooling process, the refrigerant gradually changes from liquid to gas after absorbing heat.
在一些实施例中，到达电机后端(壳体1内部的第一端)的冷媒气体可从壳体1的冷媒引出口12引出，完成电机的冷却过程。In some embodiments, the refrigerant gas reaching the rear end of the motor (the first end inside the housing 1) may be led out from the refrigerant outlet 12 of the housing 1 to complete the cooling process of the motor.
在另一些实施例中，如图2所示，冷媒引入通道包括设于壳体1的第三通道5。In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerant introduction channel includes a third channel 5 provided in the housing 1.
在一些实施例中，壳体1设有冷媒入口12，第三通道5的进液端与冷媒入口11连通。In some embodiments, the housing 1 is provided with a refrigerant inlet 12, and the liquid inlet of the third channel 5 communicates with the refrigerant inlet 11.
在一些实施例中，第三通道5的进液端位于定子7与壳体1之间。In some embodiments, the liquid inlet end of the third channel 5 is located between the stator 7 and the housing 1.
第三通道5的出液端的至少部分区域超出定子7的端部；以使冷媒能够沿第三通道5经过定子尽量多的外表面，且冷媒不能漏出。At least part of the area of the discharge end of the third channel 5 exceeds the end of the stator 7; so that the refrigerant can pass through the outer surface of the stator as much as possible along the third channel 5, and the refrigerant cannot leak out.
在一些实施例中，设于壳体1的第三通道5沿壳体1的内壁螺旋延伸。In some embodiments, the third channel 5 provided in the housing 1 spirally extends along the inner wall of the housing 1.
在一些实施例中，第三通道5为螺旋槽。第三通道5位于电机第二端(前端)的 螺旋槽，局部增加槽宽，使安装定子7后，螺旋槽超出定子7，即有一个豁口，可以把冷媒引出螺旋槽。In some embodiments, the third channel 5 is a spiral groove. The third channel 5 is located in the spiral groove at the second end (front end) of the motor, and the groove width is partially increased so that after the stator 7 is installed, the spiral groove exceeds the stator 7, that is, there is a notch that can lead the refrigerant out of the spiral groove.
在一些实施例中，冷媒引出通道包括在转子2的铁芯22上，沿轴向设置的若干个第二通道4，第二通道4用于冷媒通过。In some embodiments, the refrigerant outlet channel includes a plurality of second channels 4 arranged on the iron core 22 of the rotor 2 along the axial direction, and the second channels 4 are used for refrigerant to pass through.
各第二通道4沿转子2的圆周方向均匀分布。铁芯22包括数个包围在轴21上的硅钢片，第二通道4可以设于硅钢片。The second channels 4 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor 2. The iron core 22 includes several silicon steel sheets surrounding the shaft 21, and the second channel 4 may be provided on the silicon steel sheets.
第二通道4的数量多，冷却更加均匀，但是会影响电机性能。第二通道4的数量可以根据电机功率大小和硅钢片尺寸大小来确定。电机功率大、硅钢片尺寸大，产生的热量就多，第二通道4的数量多一些，冷却效果就好一些。There are many second channels 4 and the cooling is more uniform, but it will affect the performance of the motor. The number of the second channel 4 can be determined according to the size of the motor power and the size of the silicon steel sheet. The larger the motor power and the larger the size of the silicon steel sheet, the more heat is generated, and the greater the number of second channels 4, the better the cooling effect.
一般第二通道4的数量为3～12个，优选4～8个。Generally, the number of the second channels 4 is 3-12, preferably 4-8.
第二通道4的尺寸太小，影响冷媒通过；尺寸过大对电机性能有影响。一般，第二通道4的孔径为4～20毫米，优选5～10毫米。The size of the second channel 4 is too small, which affects the passage of refrigerant; if the size is too large, it affects the performance of the motor. Generally, the aperture of the second channel 4 is 4-20 mm, preferably 5-10 mm.
在一些实施例中，冷媒引出通道包括设于定子7与转子2之间的第四通道6。In some embodiments, the refrigerant outlet channel includes a fourth channel 6 provided between the stator 7 and the rotor 2.
在一些实施例中，冷媒引出通道包括设于转子2的轴21内的第一通道3。In some embodiments, the refrigerant outlet channel includes a first channel 3 provided in the shaft 21 of the rotor 2.
在一些实施例中，壳体1的第一端侧壁上开一个通孔，为冷媒引出口12，用于将完成冷却任务的冷媒引向壳体1的外部。In some embodiments, a through hole is formed in the first end side wall of the casing 1 as a refrigerant outlet 12 for guiding the refrigerant that completes the cooling task to the outside of the casing 1.
冷媒经由壳体1上的冷媒引入口11进入壳体1上设置的第三通道5，从壳体1内部的第一端到达第二端，冷媒聚集在壳体1内部的第二端后压力增大，冷媒分别被压入铁芯22上的第二通道4、定子7与转子2之间的第四通道6，和/或，转子2的轴21内的第一通道3，从电机的第二端(前部)到达电机的第一端(尾部)。冷媒所经之处，定子7的内侧和外侧、转子2的外侧和内部均得到冷却。The refrigerant enters the third channel 5 provided on the casing 1 through the refrigerant inlet 11 on the casing 1, and reaches the second end from the first end inside the casing 1, and the refrigerant accumulates on the second end inside the casing 1 after the pressure Increase, the refrigerant is pressed into the second channel 4 on the iron core 22, the fourth channel 6 between the stator 7 and the rotor 2, and / or the first channel 3 in the shaft 21 of the rotor 2, from the motor The second end (front) reaches the first end (tail) of the motor. Where the refrigerant passes, the inside and outside of the stator 7 and the outside and inside of the rotor 2 are cooled.
冷媒在冷却过程中，吸热后由液态逐渐变为气态。During the cooling process, the refrigerant gradually changes from liquid to gas after absorbing heat.
到达电机后端(壳体1内部的第一端)的冷媒气体可从壳体1的冷媒引出口12引出，完成电机的冷却过程。The refrigerant gas reaching the rear end of the motor (the first end inside the housing 1) can be led out from the refrigerant outlet 12 of the housing 1 to complete the cooling process of the motor.
上述各个实施例中，壳体1的内壁设置的第三通道5为螺旋槽的形式。螺旋槽旋转方向可以左旋或者右旋。螺旋槽间距均布。In the above embodiments, the third channel 5 provided on the inner wall of the housing 1 is in the form of a spiral groove. The direction of rotation of the spiral groove can be left or right. The spiral grooves are evenly spaced.
螺旋槽的尺寸和间距可以根据电机的功率和发热量大小来确定。The size and spacing of the spiral groove can be determined according to the power and heat of the motor.
当电机运转时，转子转动。由于磁力作用，定子产生了转动力矩，有随转子转动的趋势。When the motor is running, the rotor rotates. Due to the magnetic force, the stator generates a rotating torque, which tends to rotate with the rotor.
转动力矩T1计算公式：Calculation formula of rotating torque T1:
T1＝9549*P/nT1 ＝ 9549 * P / n
其中：P-电机功率；Among them: P-motor power;
n-电机转子转速。n-motor rotor speed.
另一方面，定子7与壳体1的接触面因过盈配合而产生摩擦力，摩擦力产生与转动力矩相反的摩擦力矩。On the other hand, the contact surface between the stator 7 and the housing 1 generates frictional force due to interference fit, and the frictional force generates a frictional torque opposite to the rotational torque.
摩擦力矩T2计算公式：Friction torque T2 calculation formula:
T2＝F*D＝k(μ*π*L)δ*DT2 = F * D = k (μ * π * L) δ * D
其中：F-摩擦力；Among them: F-friction force;
D-壳体1直径；D-housing 1 diameter;
k-定子7与壳体1尺寸性能系数；k-Dimensional performance coefficient of stator 7 and housing 1;
μ-定子7与壳体1的摩擦系数；μ-coefficient of friction between stator 7 and housing 1;
L-定子7与壳体1的配合长度；The matching length of L-stator 7 and housing 1;
δ-定子7与壳体1的配合过盈量。δ-Interference between the stator 7 and the housing 1.
由以上公式可以看出，摩擦力矩T2与定子7与壳体1的配合长度成正比。此处的配合长度指的是定子7与壳体1的接触长度。两者在螺旋槽的部分没有接触，所以应该排除在外。即，L值是定子长度减去螺旋槽总宽度。From the above formula, it can be seen that the friction torque T2 is proportional to the length of the stator 7 and the housing 1. The mating length here refers to the contact length between the stator 7 and the housing 1. There is no contact between the two in the spiral groove, so they should be excluded. That is, the L value is the length of the stator minus the total width of the spiral slots.
当摩擦力矩T2大于转动力矩T1时，定子固定不能动，则电机可以正常运转。When the friction torque T2 is greater than the rotating torque T1, the stator can not move, the motor can run normally.
电机功率大，发热量多，则螺旋槽宽度增大、间距减小，冷却均匀性好。但由于螺旋槽的宽度增大，实际过盈配合的长度尺寸就会减小。由于摩擦力矩必须大于转动力矩，因此，螺旋槽的尺寸应该根据实际情况而定，前提是保证定子7与壳体1的接触配合长度，使摩擦力矩大于转动力矩，以保证电机正常运转。If the power of the motor is large and the amount of heat is large, the width of the spiral groove increases and the spacing decreases, and the cooling uniformity is good. However, as the width of the spiral groove increases, the actual length of the interference fit will decrease. Since the friction torque must be greater than the rotating torque, the size of the spiral groove should be determined according to the actual situation, provided that the contact fit length between the stator 7 and the housing 1 is ensured, so that the friction torque is greater than the rotating torque to ensure the normal operation of the motor.
如图1所示，电机运转时，壳体1内部的第二端的冷媒进入螺旋槽，沿螺旋槽从电机第二端(前端)到达电机第一端(尾部)，这个过程中，定子7外部得到冷却。As shown in Fig. 1, when the motor is running, the refrigerant at the second end inside the casing 1 enters the spiral groove, along the spiral groove from the second end (front end) of the motor to the first end (tail) of the motor. Get cool.
如图2所示，电机运转时，液态冷媒从冷媒引入口引入壳体1，沿壳体1内部的螺旋槽从电机第一端(尾部)到达电机第二端(前端)，这个过程中，定子7外部得到冷却。As shown in Figure 2, when the motor is running, liquid refrigerant is introduced into the housing 1 from the refrigerant inlet, and along the spiral groove inside the housing 1 from the first end (tail) of the motor to the second end (front) of the motor. The outside of the stator 7 is cooled.
在电机前端的螺旋槽终点位置，冷媒从螺旋槽豁口进入电机前端。At the end of the spiral groove at the front end of the motor, the refrigerant enters the front end of the motor from the spiral groove gap.
在一些实施例中，在转子2上面开孔，增加冷媒从转子2中穿过，使冷媒对电机内部的中心、外缘以及中心与外缘之间的区域均有效冷却，改善电机冷却不均匀的问题，杜绝局部高温带来的损害，确保电机安全正常运转，避免电机转子2因为长期运 行在高温环境中造成永磁体退磁而造成的损坏。In some embodiments, a hole is formed on the rotor 2 to increase the passage of refrigerant through the rotor 2, so that the refrigerant effectively cools the center, the outer edge of the motor, and the area between the center and the outer edge to improve the uneven cooling of the motor Problems, to prevent damage caused by local high temperature, ensure the safe and normal operation of the motor, and avoid the damage caused by the permanent magnet demagnetization caused by the permanent rotation of the motor rotor 2 in a high temperature environment.
一些实施例提供了一种压缩机，其包括上述的电机。Some embodiments provide a compressor including the motor described above.
由于永磁同步电机是整个压缩机最为核心的部件，是整个压缩机的动力源，电机的转子2更是核心中的核心，如果温度偏高会对电机带来损害，甚至转子中的永磁体退磁，将直接导致电机性能下降，甚至无法正常运转，给压缩机可靠性工作带来隐患。Since the permanent magnet synchronous motor is the core component of the entire compressor and the power source of the entire compressor, the rotor 2 of the motor is the core of the core. If the temperature is too high, it will damage the motor and even the permanent magnets in the rotor Demagnetization will directly degrade the performance of the motor and even fail to operate normally, which will bring hidden dangers to the reliability of the compressor.
本公开提供的电机的结构冷却均匀，能够消除局部温度偏高部分，保证压缩机安全可靠的运行。The structure of the motor provided by the present disclosure is uniformly cooled, which can eliminate the local high temperature portion and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the compressor.
本公开的电机包括永磁同步电机、永磁同步变频电机等。The motors of the present disclosure include permanent magnet synchronous motors, permanent magnet synchronous frequency conversion motors, and the like.
本公开能够均匀冷却电机，用以解决大功率闭式电机冷却的均匀性问题，避免电机转子因为长期运行在高温环境中造成永磁体退磁而造成的电机损坏问题。The disclosure can uniformly cool the motor to solve the problem of uniformity of cooling of the high-power closed-type motor and avoid the problem of motor damage caused by permanent magnet demagnetization caused by the motor rotor running for a long time in a high-temperature environment.
本公开的压缩机包括离心压缩机和螺杆压缩机等。The compressor of the present disclosure includes centrifugal compressors, screw compressors, and the like.
本公开提供的电机还可以用于鼓风机等类似机型，作为动力来源。The motor provided by the present disclosure can also be used in blowers and similar models as a source of power.
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，使用“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等词语来限定零部件，仅仅是为了便于对上述零部件进行区别，如没有另行声明，上述词语并没有特殊含义，因此不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制。In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the use of "first", "second", "third" and other words to define components is only for the purpose of distinguishing the above-mentioned components, unless otherwise stated, The above words have no special meaning, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present disclosure.
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本公开进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本公开的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本公开技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本公开请求保护的技术方案范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure and not to limit it; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, persons of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The disclosed specific embodiments are modified or equivalently replaced with some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present disclosure, they should be covered by the technical solutions claimed by the present disclosure.

Claims (16)

  1. 一种电机，其中，包括：A motor, including:
    壳体(1)；Housing (1);
    转子(2)，设于所述壳体(1)内；The rotor (2) is provided in the housing (1);
    冷媒引入通道，设于所述壳体(1)内，用于将所述壳体(1)外部的冷媒引入，且将冷媒沿所述壳体(1)内部的第一端至第二端的方向引流，以引至所述壳体(1)内部的第二端；以及A refrigerant introduction channel is provided in the casing (1) for introducing the refrigerant outside the casing (1), and the refrigerant is introduced from the first end to the second end along the interior of the casing (1) Direction drainage to lead to the second end inside the housing (1); and
    冷媒引出通道，设于所述壳体(1)内，用于将所述壳体(1)内部的第二端的冷媒引向所述壳体(1)内部的第一端，并将冷媒引向所述壳体(1)的外部；A refrigerant outlet channel is provided in the casing (1) for guiding the refrigerant at the second end inside the casing (1) to the first end inside the casing (1) and guiding the refrigerant To the outside of the housing (1);
    所述冷媒引入通道和所述冷媒引出通道的其中之一包括设于所述转子(2)的通道；所述冷媒引入通道和所述冷媒引出通道的其中另一包括设于所述壳体(1)的通道。One of the refrigerant inlet channel and the refrigerant outlet channel includes a channel provided in the rotor (2); the other of the refrigerant inlet channel and the refrigerant outlet channel includes a housing ( 1) The channel.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，所述转子(2)包括轴(21)，以及所述轴(21)上包围的铁芯(22)；所述冷媒引入通道包括设于所述轴(21)内的第一通道(3)。The motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor (2) includes a shaft (21), and an iron core (22) surrounded on the shaft (21); the refrigerant introduction channel includes a shaft provided on the shaft (21) The first channel (3).
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电机，其中，所述轴(21)靠近所述壳体(1)内部的第一端的端部设有冷媒引入口。The motor according to claim 2, wherein the end of the shaft (21) close to the first end inside the casing (1) is provided with a refrigerant introduction port.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，所述转子(2)包括轴(21)，以及所述轴(21)上包围的铁芯(22)；所述冷媒引出通道包括设于所述轴(21)内的第一通道(3)。The electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotor (2) includes a shaft (21), and an iron core (22) enclosed on the shaft (21); the refrigerant outlet channel includes a shaft provided on the shaft (21) The first channel (3).
  5. 如权利要求2～4任一项所述的电机，其中，所述第一通道(3)沿所述轴(21)的中轴线设置。The motor according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first passage (3) is provided along the central axis of the shaft (21).
  6. 如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，所述转子(2)包括轴(21)，以及所述轴(21)上包围的铁芯(22)；所述冷媒引出通道包括设于所述铁芯(22)的第二通道(4)。The electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotor (2) includes a shaft (21), and an iron core (22) surrounded on the shaft (21); the refrigerant outlet channel includes a The second channel (4) of the core (22).
  7. 如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，所述冷媒引入通道包括设于所述壳体(1)的第三通道(5)。The motor according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant introduction channel includes a third channel (5) provided in the housing (1).
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电机，其中，所述壳体(1)设有冷媒入口(12)，所述第三通道(5)的进液端与所述冷媒入口(11)连通。The motor according to claim 7, wherein the casing (1) is provided with a refrigerant inlet (12), and the liquid inlet end of the third channel (5) communicates with the refrigerant inlet (11).
  9. 如权利要求7所述的电机，其中，包括定子(7)，设于所述壳体(1)内，与所述壳体(1)的内壁过盈配合；所述第三通道(5)的进液端位于所述定子(7)与所述壳体(1)之间。The electric machine according to claim 7, wherein it includes a stator (7), which is provided in the housing (1) and has an interference fit with the inner wall of the housing (1); the third channel (5) The liquid inlet end is located between the stator (7) and the housing (1).
  10. 如权利要求7所述的电机，其中，包括定子(7)，设于所述壳体(1)内，与所述壳体(1)的内壁过盈配合；所述第三通道(5)的出液端的至少部分区域超出所述定子(7)的端部。The electric machine according to claim 7, wherein it includes a stator (7), which is provided in the housing (1) and has an interference fit with the inner wall of the housing (1); the third channel (5) At least part of the area of the liquid outlet end exceeds the end of the stator (7).
  11. 如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，所述冷媒引出通道包括设于所述壳体(1)的第三通道(5)。The motor according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant outlet channel includes a third channel (5) provided in the housing (1).
  12. 如权利要求12所述的电机，其中，包括定子(7)，设于所述壳体(1)内，与所述壳体(1)的内壁过盈配合；所述第三通道(5)的进液端的至少部分区域超出所述定子(7)的第一端；和/或，所述第三通道(5)的出液端的至少部分区域超出所述定子(7)的第二端。The electric machine according to claim 12, wherein it includes a stator (7), which is provided in the housing (1) and has an interference fit with the inner wall of the housing (1); the third channel (5) At least part of the region of the liquid inlet end exceeds the first end of the stator (7); and / or at least part of the region of the liquid outlet end of the third channel (5) exceeds the second end of the stator (7).
  13. 如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，包括定子(7)，设于所述壳体(1)与所述转子(2)之间；所述冷媒引出通道包括设于所述定子(7)与所述转子(2)之间的第四通道(6)。The motor according to claim 1, wherein a stator (7) is provided between the casing (1) and the rotor (2); the refrigerant outlet channel includes the stator (7) A fourth channel (6) between the rotor (2).
  14. 如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，还包括喷液件(8)，设于所述壳体(1)的第一端，用于向所述冷媒引入通道内喷入冷媒。The motor according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid spraying member (8) provided at the first end of the housing (1) for spraying refrigerant into the refrigerant introduction passage.
  15. 如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，所述设于所述壳体(1)的通道沿所述壳体(1)的内壁螺旋延伸。The motor according to claim 1, wherein the channel provided in the casing (1) extends spirally along an inner wall of the casing (1).
  16. 一种压缩机，其中，包括如权利要求1～15任一项所述的电机。A compressor including the motor according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
PCT/CN2018/121192 2018-10-17 2018-12-14 Electric motor and compressor WO2020077789A1 (en)

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