WO2020063558A1

WO2020063558A1 - Power-off protection circuit for inverter, method, vehicle, and storage medium

Info

Publication number: WO2020063558A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/107416
Authority: WO
Inventors: 宋万杰
Original assignee: 广东威灵汽车部件有限公司
Priority date: 2018-09-30
Filing date: 2019-09-24
Publication date: 2020-04-02

Abstract

A power-off protection circuit (100) for an inverter, a method, a vehicle (1000), and a storage medium. The power-off protection circuit (100) for an inverter comprises a detection circuit (150), a controller (160), and a sequentially connected power supply (110), switch circuit (120), filter circuit (130), inverter (140), and motor (M), wherein the detection circuit (150) is connected to the switch circuit (120), the filter circuit (130), and the inverter (140), and is used for detecting a direct current busbar voltage and/or a first busbar current and a second busbar current, the first busbar current is a current flowing through a direct current busbar between the filter circuit (130) and the switch circuit (120), and the second busbar current is a current flowing through a direct current busbar between the filter circuit (130) and the inverter (140). The controller (160) is connected to the detection circuit (150) and the inverter (140), and is used for determining, according to the direct current busbar voltage and/or the first busbar current and the second busbar current, whether to turn off the switch circuit (120), and for performing zero vector shutdown protection on the motor (M) via the inverter (140). In this way, the invention prevents damage to power devices in the inverter (140).

Description

逆变器断电保护电路、方法和车辆、存储介质Inverter power-off protection circuit, method, vehicle, storage medium

相关申请的交叉引用Cross-reference to related applications

本申请基于申请号为201811156558.3和201821620286.3，申请日为2018年09月30日的中国专利申请提出，并要求上述中国专利申请的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。This application is based on Chinese patent applications with application numbers of 201811156558.3 and 201821620286.3, the filing date of which is September 30, 2018, and claims the priority of the aforementioned Chinese patent applications. The entire contents of the aforementioned Chinese patent applications are incorporated herein by reference.

技术领域Technical field

本申请涉及电机技术领域，特别涉及一种逆变器断电保护电路、一种车辆、一种逆变器断电保护方法和一种计算机可读存储介质。The present application relates to the technical field of electrical machines, and in particular, to an inverter power-off protection circuit, a vehicle, an inverter power-off protection method, and a computer-readable storage medium.

背景技术Background technique

在汽车领域，越来越多的汽车使用永磁同步电机进行驱动控制，但是由于永磁电机永磁体的存在，在物理断电瞬间，会有一个反向发电的过程，这个发电过程发出来的电压大小取决于电机控制***中电容容值的大小。如果电容容值较小，可能导致瞬间电压过高，进而会造成功率器件的损伤。In the automotive field, more and more cars use permanent magnet synchronous motors for drive control. However, due to the existence of permanent magnets of permanent magnet motors, there will be a reverse power generation process at the moment of physical power failure. The voltage depends on the capacitance of the capacitor in the motor control system. If the capacitance value is small, the transient voltage may be too high, which may cause damage to the power device.

由于薄膜电容生命周期长，耐受纹波电流能力强，电机控制***中越来越多的采用薄膜电容，而非电解电容。但是相同体积电解电容的容值是薄膜电容的3-4倍，由于薄膜电容容值较小，所以在反向发电过程更容易产生高电压。如何遏制这种现象的发生，成为亟待解决的问题。Due to the long life cycle of film capacitors and the ability to withstand ripple current, more and more film capacitors are used in motor control systems instead of electrolytic capacitors. However, the capacitance of the electrolytic capacitor of the same volume is 3-4 times that of the thin film capacitor. Because the capacitance of the thin film capacitor is small, it is easier to generate high voltage during the reverse power generation process. How to curb this phenomenon has become an urgent problem.

发明内容Summary of the Invention

本申请旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。为此，本申请的一个目的在于提出一种逆变器断电保护电路，以准确判断电机在运转状态下是否被强行断电，并在判定电机被强行断电时，通过逆变器对电机进行零矢量停机保护，避免逆变器中功率器件的损坏。This application is intended to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related technology. To this end, an object of the present application is to propose an inverter power-off protection circuit to accurately determine whether the motor is forcibly powered off in the running state, and when the motor is forcibly powered off, the motor Carry out zero vector shutdown protection to avoid damage to power devices in the inverter.

本申请的第二个目的在于提出一种车辆。A second object of the present application is to propose a vehicle.

本申请的第三个目的在于提出一种逆变器断电保护方法。A third object of the present application is to provide a method for protecting an inverter from power failure.

本发明的第四个目的在于提出一种计算机可读存储介质。A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

为达到上述目的，本申请第一方面实施例提出了一种逆变器断电保护电路，包括供电电源、开关电路、滤波电路、逆变器、电机、检测电路和控制器，所述供电电源、所述开关电路、所述滤波电路、所述逆变器和所述电机依次连接，其中，所述检测电路分别与所述开关电路、所述滤波电路和所述逆变器相连，所述检测电路用于检测直流母线电压，和/或，第一母线电流和第二母线电流，其中，所述第一母线电流为流过所述滤波电路与所述开关电路之间的直流母线的电流，所述第二母线电流为流过所述滤波电路与所述逆变器之间的直流母线的电流；所述控制器分别与所述检测电路和所述逆变器相连，所述控制器用于根据所述直流母线电压，和/或，所述第一母线电流和所述第二母线电流，确认所述开关电路断开，并通过所述逆变器对所述电机进行零矢量停机保护。In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides an inverter power-off protection circuit, which includes a power supply, a switching circuit, a filter circuit, an inverter, a motor, a detection circuit, and a controller. The switch circuit, the filter circuit, the inverter and the motor are connected in sequence, wherein the detection circuit is connected to the switch circuit, the filter circuit and the inverter, respectively, and the The detection circuit is configured to detect a DC bus voltage, and / or a first bus current and a second bus current, wherein the first bus current is a current flowing through the DC bus between the filter circuit and the switching circuit. The second bus current is a current flowing through a DC bus between the filter circuit and the inverter; the controller is connected to the detection circuit and the inverter respectively, and the controller is used for Based on the DC bus voltage, and / or the first bus current and the second bus current, confirm that the switching circuit is turned off, and perform zero vectoring on the motor through the inverter. Shutdown protection.

本申请实施例的逆变器断电保护电路，能够准确判断是否在电机运转状态下被强行断电，并能够在被强行断电时，通过逆变器对电机进行零矢量停机保护，由此，避免了逆变器中功率器件的损坏。The inverter power-off protection circuit in the embodiment of the present application can accurately determine whether the power is forcibly powered off under the running state of the motor, and when the power is forcibly powered off, the motor can be protected by the inverter with zero vector shutdown. , To avoid damage to the power devices in the inverter.

为达到上述目的，本申请第二方面实施例提出了一种车辆，包括上述的逆变器断电保护电路。In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, including the foregoing inverter power-off protection circuit.

本申请实施例的车辆，采用上述的逆变器断电保护电路，能够准确判断是否在电机运转状态下被强行断电，并能够在被强行断电时，通过逆变器对电机进行零矢量停机保护，由此，避免了逆变器中功率器件的损坏。The vehicle in the embodiment of the present application adopts the above-mentioned inverter power-off protection circuit, which can accurately determine whether the power is forcibly powered off when the motor is running, and when the power is forcibly powered off, the motor can be zero-vectored by the inverter. Shutdown protection, thereby avoiding damage to power devices in the inverter.

为达到上述目的，本申请第三方面实施例提出了一种逆变器断电保护方法，所述方法用于电机控制***，所述电机控制***包括依次连接的供电电源、开关电路、滤波电路、逆变器和电机，所述方法包括以下步骤：获取直流母线电压，和/或，第一母线电流和第二母线电流，其中，所述第一母线电流为流过所述滤波电路与所述开关电路之间的直流母线的电流，所述第二母线电流为流过所述滤波电路与所述逆变器之间的直流母线的电流；根据所述直流母线电压，和/或，所述第一母线电流和所述第二母线电流，确认所述开关电路断开；通过所述逆变器对所述电机进行零矢量停机保护。In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the third aspect of the present application proposes an inverter power-off protection method. The method is used in a motor control system. The motor control system includes a power supply, a switching circuit, and a filter circuit connected in sequence. , An inverter, and a motor, the method includes the following steps: obtaining a DC bus voltage, and / or, a first bus current and a second bus current, wherein the first bus current flows through the filter circuit and the The DC bus current between the switching circuits, and the second bus current is the current flowing through the DC bus between the filter circuit and the inverter; according to the DC bus voltage, and / or, the The first bus current and the second bus current, confirm that the switching circuit is open; and perform zero vector shutdown protection on the motor through the inverter.

根据本申请实施例的逆变器断路保护方法，能够准确判断是否在电机运转状态下被强行断电，并能够在被强行断电时，通过逆变器对电机进行零矢量停机保护，由此，避免了逆变器中功率器件的损坏。According to the inverter open-circuit protection method of the embodiment of the present application, it is possible to accurately determine whether the power is forcibly cut off while the motor is running, and when the power is forcibly cut off, the inverter can perform zero-vector shutdown protection on the motor. , To avoid damage to the power devices in the inverter.

为达到上述目的，本申请第四方面实施例提出了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时，实现上述的逆变器断电保护方法。In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present application proposes a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned inverter power-off protection method is implemented.

本申请实施例的计算机可读存储介质，在其上存储的与上述逆变器断路保护方法对应的计算机程序被处理器执行时，能够准确判断是否在电机运转状态下被强行断电，并能够在被强行断电时，通过逆变器对电机进行零矢量停机保护，由此，避免了逆变器中功率器件的损坏。In the computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present application, when a computer program stored on the computer program corresponding to the above-mentioned inverter disconnection protection method is executed by a processor, it can accurately determine whether the power is forcibly disconnected while the motor is running, and can When the power is forcibly powered off, the motor is protected by zero-vector shutdown through the inverter, thereby avoiding damage to the power devices in the inverter.

本申请附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the following description, part of which will become apparent from the following description, or be learned through practice of the present application.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

图1是根据本申请实施例的逆变器断电保护电路的结构框图；1 is a structural block diagram of an inverter power-off protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

图2是根据本申请一个实施例的逆变器断电保护电路的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of an inverter power-off protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

图3是根据本申请另一个实施例的逆变器断电保护电路的结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural diagram of an inverter power-off protection circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

图4是根据本申请又一个实施例的逆变器断电保护电路的结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural diagram of an inverter power-off protection circuit according to another embodiment of the present application;

图5是一个示例的直流母线电压、电机的相电流、电容电流和第一母线电流的波动曲线图；FIG. 5 is an example fluctuation graph of a DC bus voltage, a phase current of a motor, a capacitor current, and a first bus current;

图6是一个示例的直流母线电压、电容电流和PWM信号的对应关系图；FIG. 6 is an example relationship diagram of a DC bus voltage, a capacitor current, and a PWM signal;

图7是电机停机前直流母线电压、电机的相电流、电容电流和第一母线电流的波动曲线图；FIG. 7 is a fluctuation curve chart of a DC bus voltage, a motor phase current, a capacitor current, and a first bus current before the motor stops;

图8是电机停机后直流母线电压、电机的相电流、电容电流和第一母线电流的波动曲线图；FIG. 8 is a fluctuation curve chart of a DC bus voltage, a motor phase current, a capacitor current, and a first bus current after the motor is stopped;

图9是根据本申请实施例的车辆的结构框图；9 is a structural block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

图10是根据本申请实施例的逆变器断电保护方法的流程图。FIG. 10 is a flowchart of an inverter power-off protection method according to an embodiment of the present application.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

下面参考附图描述本申请实施例的逆变器断电保护电路、车辆、逆变器断路保护方法。The inverter power-off protection circuit, the vehicle, and the inverter power-off protection method according to the embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the drawings.

图1是根据本申请实施例的逆变器断电保护电路的结构框图。FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of an inverter power-off protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.

如图1所示，该逆变器断电保护电路100包括供电电源110、开关电路120、滤波电路130、逆变器140、电机M、检测电路150和控制器160。其中，电机M采用永磁同步电机。As shown in FIG. 1, the inverter power-off protection circuit 100 includes a power supply 110, a switch circuit 120, a filter circuit 130, an inverter 140, a motor M, a detection circuit 150, and a controller 160. Among them, the motor M is a permanent magnet synchronous motor.

参见图1，供电电路110、开关电路120、滤波电路130、逆变器140和电机M依次连接。检测电路150分别与开关电路120、滤波电路130和逆变器140相连，用于检测直流母线电压，和/或，第一母线电流和第二母线电流，其中，第一母线电流为流过滤波电路130与开关电路120之间的直流母线的电流，第二母线电流为流过滤波电路130与逆变器140之间的直流母线的电流。控制器160分别与检测电路150和逆变器140相连，控制器160用于根据直流母线电压，和/或，第一母线电流和第二母线电流，确认开关电路120断开，并通过逆变器140对电机M进行零矢量停机保护。Referring to FIG. 1, the power supply circuit 110, the switch circuit 120, the filter circuit 130, the inverter 140 and the motor M are connected in this order. The detection circuit 150 is connected to the switching circuit 120, the filter circuit 130, and the inverter 140, respectively, for detecting a DC bus voltage, and / or a first bus current and a second bus current, where the first bus current is a current filtering wave The current of the DC bus between the circuit 130 and the switching circuit 120, and the second bus current is the current of the DC bus between the filter circuit 130 and the inverter 140. The controller 160 is respectively connected to the detection circuit 150 and the inverter 140. The controller 160 is configured to confirm that the switching circuit 120 is turned off according to the DC bus voltage and / or the first bus current and the second bus current, and pass the inverter The generator 140 performs zero-vector shutdown protection on the motor M.

由此，该保护电路通过检测装置检测直流母线电压，和/或，第一母线电流和第二母线电流，进而通过控制器根据检测得到的直流母线电压，和/或，第一母线电流和第二母线电流，判断在电机正常运转情况下开关电路是否被强行断开，并在判断开关电路被强行断开时，通过逆变器对电机进行零矢量停机保护，从而避免了逆变器中功率器件的损坏。Therefore, the protection circuit detects the DC bus voltage through the detection device, and / or the first bus current and the second bus current, and then the controller according to the detected DC bus voltage, and / or, the first bus current and the first bus current. Second bus current, to determine whether the switch circuit is forcibly disconnected under normal motor operation, and to determine that the switch circuit is forcibly disconnected, the inverter performs zero-vector shutdown protection on the motor, thereby avoiding the power in the inverter Device damage.

在本申请的一个实施例中，如图2-图4所示，开关电路120包括功率继电器RY，功率继电器RY包括第一继电器KM1和第二继电器KM2，第一继电器KM1的一端与供电电源110的正极相连，第一继电器KM1的另一端与滤波电路130相连，第二继电器KM2的一端与供电电源110的负极相连，第二继电器KM2的另一端与滤波电路130相连。In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIGS. 2-4, the switching circuit 120 includes a power relay RY. The power relay RY includes a first relay KM1 and a second relay KM2. One end of the first relay KM1 and the power supply 110 The other end of the first relay KM1 is connected to the filter circuit 130, the other end of the second relay KM2 is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply 110, and the other end of the second relay KM2 is connected to the filter circuit 130.

进一步地，参见图2-图4，滤波电路130包括滤波电容E，滤波电容E的一端与第一继电器KM1的另一端相连，滤波电容E的另一端与第二继电器KM2的另一端相连。其中，滤波电容E采用薄膜电容。Further, referring to FIGS. 2-4, the filter circuit 130 includes a filter capacitor E, one end of the filter capacitor E is connected to the other end of the first relay KM1, and the other end of the filter capacitor E is connected to the other end of the second relay KM2. Among them, the filter capacitor E is a film capacitor.

参见图2-图4，逆变器140包括第一功率管G1、第二功率管G2、第三功率管G3、第四功率管G4、第五功率管G5和第六功率管G6。其中，第一功率管G1的集电极、第三功率管G3的集电极和第五功率管G5的集电极均与直流母线的正极相连，并形成第一节点a1；第二功率管G2的发射极、第四功率管G4的发射极和第六功率管G6的发射极均与直流母线的负极相连，并形成第二节点a2；第一功率管G1的发射极与第二功率管G2的集电极相连，并形成第三节点a3，第三功率管G3的发射极与第四功率管G4的集电极相连，并形成第四节点a4，第五功率管G5的发射极与第六功率管G6的集电极相连，并形成第五节点a5，其中，第三节点a3、第四节点a4和第五节点a5均与电机M相连。2 to 4, the inverter 140 includes a first power tube G1, a second power tube G2, a third power tube G3, a fourth power tube G4, a fifth power tube G5, and a sixth power tube G6. The collector of the first power tube G1, the collector of the third power tube G3, and the collector of the fifth power tube G5 are all connected to the positive pole of the DC bus and form the first node a1; the emission of the second power tube G2 The emitter of the fourth power tube G4 and the emitter of the sixth power tube G6 are connected to the negative pole of the DC bus and form the second node a2; the emitter of the first power tube G1 and the second power tube G2 are integrated. The electrodes are connected to form a third node a3, the emitter of the third power tube G3 is connected to the collector of the fourth power tube G4, and the fourth node a4 is formed, and the emitter of the fifth power tube G5 is connected to the sixth power tube G6. The collectors are connected to form a fifth node a5, wherein the third node a3, the fourth node a4, and the fifth node a5 are all connected to the motor M.

在该实施例中，第一功率管G1的基极、第二功率管G2的基极、第三功率管G3的基极、第四功率管G4的基极、第五功率管G5的基极和第六功率管G6的基极均与控制器160相连。In this embodiment, the base of the first power tube G1, the base of the second power tube G2, the base of the third power tube G3, the base of the fourth power tube G4, and the base of the fifth power tube G5. The base of the sixth power transistor G6 is connected to the controller 160.

在本申请的一个实施例中，如图2所示，检测电路150包括电压采样电阻R1，电压采样电阻R1与滤波电容E并联连接。In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2, the detection circuit 150 includes a voltage sampling resistor R1, and the voltage sampling resistor R1 is connected in parallel with the filter capacitor E.

其中，控制器160与电压采样电阻R1相连，控制器160用于在直流母线电压小于电压阈值，且控制器160仍输出PWM信号时，判断功率继电器RY断开，并通过逆变器140对电机M进行零矢量停机保护。Among them, the controller 160 is connected to the voltage sampling resistor R1. The controller 160 is used to determine that the power relay RY is turned off when the DC bus voltage is less than the voltage threshold and the controller 160 is still outputting a PWM signal, and the motor is connected to the motor through the inverter 140 M performs zero vector shutdown protection.

在本申请的另一个实施例中，如图3所示，检测电路150还可以包括第一电流检测器件R2和第二电流检测器件R3。In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 3, the detection circuit 150 may further include a first current detection device R2 and a second current detection device R3.

其中，第一电流检测器件R2串联在第一继电器KM1另一端和滤波电容E的一端之间，第二电流电测器件R3串联在滤波电容E的一端和第一节点a1之间；或者，如图3所示，第一电流检测器件R2串联在第二继电器KM2的另一端和滤波电容E的另一端之间，第二电流电测器件R3串联在滤波电容E的另一端和第二节点a2之间。其中，控制器160分别与第一电流检测器件R2和第二电流检测器件R3相连。The first current detection device R2 is connected in series between the other end of the first relay KM1 and one end of the filter capacitor E, and the second current electrical measurement device R3 is connected in series between one end of the filter capacitor E and the first node a1; or, as in As shown in FIG. 3, a first current detection device R2 is connected in series between the other end of the second relay KM2 and the other end of the filter capacitor E, and a second current detection device R3 is connected in series between the other end of the filter capacitor E and the second node a2 between. The controller 160 is connected to the first current detection device R2 and the second current detection device R3, respectively.

具体地，在一个示例中，控制器160可用于根据第一母线电流和第二母线电流计算流过滤波电容E的电容电流，并在根据电容电流判断滤波电容E的放电时间大于PWM周期时，判断功率继电器RY断开，并通过逆变器140对电机M进行零矢量停机保护。其中，电容电流等于第一母线电流与第二母线电流之间的差值。Specifically, in an example, the controller 160 may be configured to calculate a capacitor current of the current filtering capacitor E according to the first bus current and the second bus current, and when determining that the discharging time of the filter capacitor E is greater than the PWM period according to the capacitor current, It is determined that the power relay RY is turned off, and the motor M is subjected to zero-vector shutdown protection by the inverter 140. The capacitor current is equal to the difference between the first bus current and the second bus current.

在另一个示例中，控制器160还可用于根据第一母线电流和第二母线电流计算电机M的相电流，并在第一母线电流为0，且电机M的相电流不为0时，判断功率继电器RY断开，并通过逆变器140对电机M进行零矢量停机保护。In another example, the controller 160 may be further configured to calculate the phase current of the motor M according to the first bus current and the second bus current, and determine when the first bus current is 0 and the phase current of the motor M is not 0. The power relay RY is turned off, and the motor M is protected by zero-vector shutdown through the inverter 140.

在本申请的实施例中，第一电流检测器件R2和第二电流检测器件R3均可采用电流霍尔元件或者电流采样电阻。In the embodiment of the present application, the first current detection device R2 and the second current detection device R3 may both adopt a current Hall element or a current sampling resistor.

在本申请的又一个实施例中，如图4所示，检测电路150还可以包括第三电流检测器件R4。其中，第三电流检测器件R4的一端与滤波电容E的另一端相连，第三电流检测器件R4的另一端分别与第二节点a2和第二继电器KM2的另一端相连。在该实施例中，控制器160还与第三电流检测器件R4相连。In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 4, the detection circuit 150 may further include a third current detection device R4. One end of the third current detection device R4 is connected to the other end of the filter capacitor E, and the other end of the third current detection device R4 is connected to the second node a2 and the other end of the second relay KM2, respectively. In this embodiment, the controller 160 is also connected to the third current detection device R4.

具体地，第三电流检测器件R4可直接用于检测得到电容电流，控制器160可直接根据电容电流判断滤波电容E的放电时间是否大于PWM周期，若是，则通过逆变器140对电机M进行零矢量停机保护。Specifically, the third current detection device R4 can be directly used to detect and obtain the capacitor current, and the controller 160 can directly determine whether the discharge time of the filter capacitor E is greater than the PWM period according to the capacitor current. If so, the motor M is performed by the inverter 140. Zero vector shutdown protection.

其中，第三电流检测器件R4可采用电流霍尔元件或者电流采样电阻。Among them, the third current detecting device R4 may use a current Hall element or a current sampling resistor.

另外，检测电路150还可以包括第四电流检测器件(图中未示出)，该第四电流检测器件可直接用于检测电机M的相电流。同时，第一电流检测器件R2检测得到第一母线电流，进而控制器160可直接根据第一母线电流和电机M的相电流进行判断。In addition, the detection circuit 150 may further include a fourth current detection device (not shown in the figure), which can be directly used to detect the phase current of the motor M. At the same time, the first current detecting device R2 detects the first bus current, and the controller 160 may directly determine the first bus current and the phase current of the motor M.

需要说明的是，上述通过逆变器140对电机M进行故障保护零矢量停机包括：控制第一功率管G1、第三功率管G3和第五功率管G5同时开通，且控制第二功率管G2、第四功率管G4和第六功率管G6同时关断；或者，控制第一功率管G1、第三功率管G3和第五功率管G5同时关断，且控制第二功率管G2、第四功率管G4和第六功率管G6同时开通。It should be noted that the above-mentioned fault protection zero vector shutdown of the motor M through the inverter 140 includes: controlling the first power tube G1, the third power tube G3, and the fifth power tube G5 to be turned on at the same time, and controlling the second power tube G2 The fourth power tube G4 and the sixth power tube G6 are turned off at the same time; or, the first power tube G1, the third power tube G3, and the fifth power tube G5 are turned off simultaneously, and the second power tube G2, the fourth The power tube G4 and the sixth power tube G6 are turned on at the same time.

为便于理解，下面结合图2-图8描述本申请实施例的逆变器断路保护电路的工作原理。In order to facilitate understanding, the working principle of the inverter open circuit protection circuit of the embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8.

当电机M正常运转时，如果强行切断功率继电器RY，会出现图5所示的后果，即电机M相电流还会延续一段时间，滤波电容E一直处于放电状态直至母线电压低至Umin。当母线电压低至Umin时，MCU芯片(即控制器160)和驱动电路(即逆变器140)无法工作，电机M完全失控进入发电状态，瞬时发出一个超过直流母线电压很高的尖峰电压Umax。因此，要及时消除此故障，以保护驱动电路中的功率器件免受损坏。When the motor M is operating normally, if the power relay RY is forcibly cut off, the consequences shown in FIG. 5 will occur, that is, the phase current of the motor M will continue for a period of time, and the filter capacitor E is always in a discharging state until the bus voltage is as low as Umin. When the bus voltage is as low as Umin, the MCU chip (ie, the controller 160) and the drive circuit (ie, the inverter 140) cannot work, and the motor M is completely out of control and enters the power generation state. An instantaneous peak voltage Umax exceeding the DC bus voltage is issued. . Therefore, this fault must be eliminated in time to protect the power devices in the drive circuit from damage.

为此，需要及时准确判断出上述故障，本申请实施例的逆变器断路保护电路采用的故障判断逻辑如下：For this reason, the above-mentioned faults need to be accurately judged in time. The fault judgment logic adopted by the inverter open circuit protection circuit in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

故障1：有效矢量(非零矢量)时，滤波电容E会进行一个放电过程，零矢量时滤波电容E会有一个充电过程，在每个PWM(Pulse Width Module，脉宽调制)周期T内都会有有效矢量和零矢量的叠加，所以在一个PWM周期T内滤波电容E会有一个充放电的过程，此时，电容电流与PWM信号的对应关系如图6所示。如果超过一个或多个PWM周期T，滤波电容E一直处于放电过程，可认为此时为功率继电器处于关断状态，需要对电机M进行零矢量停机保护。其中，可通过第一母线电流和第二母线电流计算得到电容电流，也可直接检测电容电流。Fault 1: When the effective vector (non-zero vector), the filter capacitor E will perform a discharge process, and the filter capacitor E will have a charging process when the vector is zero. It will be in each PWM (Pulse Width Module) period T There is a superposition of the effective vector and the zero vector, so the filter capacitor E will have a charging and discharging process in a PWM period T. At this time, the corresponding relationship between the capacitor current and the PWM signal is shown in FIG. 6. If more than one or more PWM cycles T, the filter capacitor E is always in the discharging process. At this time, it can be considered that the power relay is in the off state, and zero vector shutdown protection needs to be performed on the motor M. The capacitor current can be calculated from the first bus current and the second bus current, or the capacitor current can be directly detected.

故障2：参见图3，同时第一母线电流和第二母线电流，以重构电机M的相电流。当第二母线电流为0时，相电流还继续有输出波形，可以认为此时在运转状态下强行切断了功率继电器，需要进行零矢量停机保护。当然，也可直接采集第一母线电流和电机M的相电流，还可以采集第二母线电流和电机M的相电流(通过第二母线电流和相电流可计算得到第一母线电流)，以进行故障2的判断。Fault 2: Referring to FIG. 3, the first bus current and the second bus current are simultaneously used to reconstruct the phase current of the motor M. When the second bus current is 0, the phase current still has an output waveform. It can be considered that the power relay is forcibly cut off in the running state at this time, and zero vector shutdown protection is required. Of course, the first bus current and the phase current of the motor M can also be directly collected, and the second bus current and the phase current of the motor M can also be collected (the first bus current can be calculated through the second bus current and the phase current) to perform Judgment of fault 2.

故障3：参见图2-图4，采集直流母线电压Udc，如果Udc低于某一个阈值，同时控制器160还在继续进行PWM输出，此时可认为在运转状态下强行切断了功率继电器，需要进行零矢量停机保护。Fault 3: Refer to Figure 2-4, collect the DC bus voltage Udc, if Udc is lower than a certain threshold, and the controller 160 continues to perform PWM output, at this time, it can be considered that the power relay is forcibly cut off in the running state. Perform zero vector shutdown protection.

进一步地，如图7、图8所示，对电机M进行零矢量停机后，直流母线电压并没有抬升，反而慢慢降低为0，电机M的相电流有所增大，直至电机M完全静止后消失。Further, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, after zero-vector shutdown of the motor M, the DC bus voltage does not increase, but gradually decreases to 0, and the phase current of the motor M increases until the motor M is completely stationary. After disappearing.

综上，根据本申请实施例的逆变器断路保护电路，能够准确判断是否在运转状态下强行切断功率继电器，并能够在电机正常运转状态下强行切断功率继电器时，通过逆变器对电机进行零矢量停机保护，由此，避免了逆变器中功率器件的损坏。In summary, according to the inverter open-circuit protection circuit in the embodiment of the present application, it is possible to accurately determine whether the power relay is forcibly cut off in the running state, and when the power relay is forcibly cut off in the normal running state of the motor, the motor is performed by the inverter. Zero vector shutdown protection, thereby avoiding damage to power devices in the inverter.

图9是根据本申请实施例的车辆的结构框图。FIG. 9 is a structural block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.

如图9所示，该车辆1000包括上述实施例的逆变器断电保护电路100。As shown in FIG. 9, the vehicle 1000 includes the inverter power-off protection circuit 100 of the above embodiment.

本申请实施例的车辆，采用上述实施例的逆变器断电保护电路，能够准确判断是否在运转状态下强行切断功率继电器，并能够在运转状态下强行切断功率继电器时，通过逆变器对电机进行零矢量停机保护，由此，避免了逆变器中功率器件的损坏。The vehicle of the embodiment of the present application uses the inverter power-off protection circuit of the above embodiment to accurately determine whether the power relay is forcibly cut off in the running state, and when the power relay is forcibly cut off in the running state, the inverter The motor performs zero-vector shutdown protection, thereby avoiding damage to power devices in the inverter.

本申请还提出了一种逆变器断电保护方法，该方法用于电机控制***。在该实施例中，电机控制***包括依次连接的供电电源、开关电路、滤波电路、逆变器和电机。The application also proposes an inverter power-off protection method, which is used in a motor control system. In this embodiment, the motor control system includes a power supply, a switching circuit, a filter circuit, an inverter, and a motor that are sequentially connected.

在该实施例中，第一功率管G1的基极、第二功率管G2的基极、第三功率管G3的基极、第四功率管G4的基极、第五功率管G5的基极和第六功率管G6的基极均用于接收控制信号。In this embodiment, the base of the first power tube G1, the base of the second power tube G2, the base of the third power tube G3, the base of the fourth power tube G4, and the base of the fifth power tube G5. The base of the sixth power transistor G6 is used to receive the control signal.

图10是根据本申请实施例的电机控制***中逆变器断电保护方法的流程图。如图10所示，该保护方法包括以下步骤：FIG. 10 is a flowchart of an inverter power-off protection method in a motor control system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 10, the protection method includes the following steps:

S1，获取直流母线电压，和/或，第一母线电流和第二母线电流，其中，第一母线电流为流过滤波电路与开关电路之间的直流母线的电流，第二母线电流为流过滤波电路与逆变器之间的直流母线的电流。S1. Obtain the DC bus voltage, and / or the first bus current and the second bus current, where the first bus current is the DC bus current between the flow filter circuit and the switching circuit, and the second bus current is the flow filter. The current of the DC bus between the wave circuit and the inverter.

S2，根据直流母线电压，和/或，第一母线电流和第二母线电流，确认开关电路断开。S2. According to the DC bus voltage and / or the first bus current and the second bus current, confirm that the switching circuit is turned off.

S3，通过逆变器对电机进行零矢量停机保护。S3. Zero-vector shutdown protection of the motor through the inverter.

在本申请的一个实施例中，可通过检测电路150获取直流母线电压，和/或，第一母线电流和第二母线电流。In an embodiment of the present application, the DC bus voltage may be obtained through the detection circuit 150, and / or the first bus current and the second bus current.

作为一个示例，如图2所示，检测电路150包括电压采样电阻R1，电压采样电阻R1与滤波电容E并联连接。其中，当根据直流母线电压判断开关电路是否断开时，首先判断直流母线电压是否小于电压阈值；如果直流母线电压小于电压阈值，则进一步判断是否仍有PWM信号输出至逆变器；如果仍有PWM信号输出至逆变器，则判断开关电路断开，即功率继电器RY断开，此时通过逆变器140对电机M进行零矢量停机保护。As an example, as shown in FIG. 2, the detection circuit 150 includes a voltage sampling resistor R1, and the voltage sampling resistor R1 is connected in parallel with the filter capacitor E. Among them, when judging whether the switching circuit is open according to the DC bus voltage, first determine whether the DC bus voltage is less than a voltage threshold; if the DC bus voltage is less than the voltage threshold, further determine whether a PWM signal is still output to the inverter; if it is still When the PWM signal is output to the inverter, it is judged that the switching circuit is turned off, that is, the power relay RY is turned off, and at this time, the motor M is protected by zero vector shutdown through the inverter 140.

参见图2-图4，滤波电路130包括滤波电容E，滤波电容E的一端与第一继电器KM1的另一端相连，滤波电容E的另一端与第二继电器KM2的另一端相连。其中，滤波电容E可采用薄膜电容。Referring to FIGS. 2-4, the filtering circuit 130 includes a filtering capacitor E, one end of the filtering capacitor E is connected to the other end of the first relay KM1, and the other end of the filtering capacitor E is connected to the other end of the second relay KM2. Among them, the film capacitor E can be a film capacitor.

作为一个示例，如图3所示，检测电路150还可以包括第一电流检测器件R2和第二电流检测器件R3。其中，第一电流检测器件R2串联在第一继电器KM1另一端和滤波电容E的一端之间，第二电流电测器件R3串联在滤波电容E的一端和第一节点a1之间；或者，参见图3，第一电流检测器件R2串联在第二继电器KM2的另一端和滤波电容E的另一端之间，第二电流电测器件R3串联在滤波电容E的另一端和第二节点a2之间。As an example, as shown in FIG. 3, the detection circuit 150 may further include a first current detection device R2 and a second current detection device R3. Among them, the first current detection device R2 is connected in series between the other end of the first relay KM1 and one end of the filter capacitor E, and the second current detection device R3 is connected in series between one end of the filter capacitor E and the first node a1; or, see In Figure 3, a first current detecting device R2 is connected in series between the other end of the second relay KM2 and the other end of the filtering capacitor E, and a second current measuring device R3 is connected in series between the other end of the filtering capacitor E and the second node a2 .

在该示例中，当根据第一母线电流和第二母线电流判断开关电路是否断开时，可根据第一母线电流和第二母线电流计算流过滤波电容E的电容电流；根据电容电流判断滤波电容E的放电时间是否大于PWM周期；如果滤波电容E的放电时间大于PWM周期，则判断开关电路断开，即功率继电器RY断开，此时通过逆变器140对电机M进行零矢量停机保护。其中，电容电流等于第一母线电流与第二母线电流之间的差值。In this example, when judging whether the switching circuit is turned off according to the first bus current and the second bus current, the capacitance current of the current filtering wave capacitor E can be calculated according to the first bus current and the second bus current; Whether the discharge time of capacitor E is longer than the PWM period; if the discharge time of filter capacitor E is longer than the PWM period, it is judged that the switching circuit is disconnected, that is, the power relay RY is disconnected. At this time, the motor M is protected by the inverter 140 with zero vector shutdown. . The capacitor current is equal to the difference between the first bus current and the second bus current.

作为一个示例，当根据第一母线电流和第二母线电流判断开关电路是否断开时，可根据第一母线电流和第二母线电流计算电机M的相电流；当第一母线电流为0时，判断电机M的相电流是否为0；如果电机的相电流不为0，则判断开关电路断开，即功率继电器RY断开，此时通过逆变器140对电机M进行零矢量停机保护。As an example, when determining whether the switching circuit is open according to the first bus current and the second bus current, the phase current of the motor M may be calculated according to the first bus current and the second bus current; when the first bus current is 0, It is determined whether the phase current of the motor M is 0; if the phase current of the motor is not 0, it is determined that the switching circuit is turned off, that is, the power relay RY is turned off, and at this time, the motor M is subjected to zero-vector shutdown protection by the inverter 140.

可选地，第一电流检测器件R2和第二电流检测器件R3均可采用电流霍尔元件或者电流采样电阻。Optionally, the first current detection device R2 and the second current detection device R3 may both adopt a current Hall element or a current sampling resistor.

作为一个示例，如图4所示，检测电路150还可以包括第三电流检测器件R4。其中，第三电流检测器件R4的一端与滤波电容E的另一端相连，第三电流检测器件R4的另一端分别与第二节点a2和第二继电器KM2的另一端相连。其中，第三电流检测器件R4可直接用于检测得到电容电流，进而可直接根据电容电流判断滤波电容E的放电时间是否大于PWM周期，若是，则通过逆变器140对电机M进行零矢量停机保护。As an example, as shown in FIG. 4, the detection circuit 150 may further include a third current detection device R4. One end of the third current detection device R4 is connected to the other end of the filter capacitor E, and the other end of the third current detection device R4 is connected to the second node a2 and the other end of the second relay KM2, respectively. Among them, the third current detecting device R4 can be directly used to detect and obtain the capacitor current, and then it can directly determine whether the discharge time of the filter capacitor E is greater than the PWM period according to the capacitor current. If yes, the inverter M performs a zero-vector shutdown of the motor M. protection.

为便于理解，下面结合图2-图8描述本申请实施例的逆变器断路保护方法的具体流程。To facilitate understanding, the specific process of the inverter open-circuit protection method according to the embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8.

当电机M正常运转时，如果强行切断功率继电器RY，会出现图5所示的后果，即电机M相电流还会延续一段时间，滤波电容E一直处于放电状态直至母线电压低至Umin。当母线电压低至Umin时，控制芯片和逆变器140无法工作，电机M完全失控进入发电状态，瞬时发出一个超过直流母线电压很高的尖峰电压Umax。因此，要及时消除此故障，以保护驱动电路中的功率器件免受损坏。When the motor M is operating normally, if the power relay RY is forcibly cut off, the consequences shown in FIG. 5 will occur, that is, the phase current of the motor M will continue for a period of time, and the filter capacitor E is always in a discharging state until the bus voltage is as low as Umin. When the bus voltage is as low as Umin, the control chip and the inverter 140 are unable to work, the motor M is completely out of control and enters the power generation state, and an instantaneous peak voltage Umax exceeding the DC bus voltage is emitted. Therefore, this fault must be eliminated in time to protect the power devices in the drive circuit from damage.

为此，需要及时准确判断出上述故障，本申请实施例的逆变器断路保护方法采用的故障判断逻辑如下：For this reason, the above-mentioned faults need to be accurately judged in a timely manner. The fault judgment logic adopted by the inverter open-circuit protection method in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

故障1：有效矢量(非零矢量)时，滤波电容E会进行一个放电过程，零矢量时滤波电容E会有一个充电过程，在每个PWM周期T内都会有有效矢量和零矢量的叠加，所以在一个PWM周期T内滤波电容E会有一个充放电的过程，此时，电容电流与PWM信号的对应关系如图6所示。如果超过一个或多个PWM周期T，滤波电容E一直处于放电过程，可认为此时为功率继电器处于关断状态，需要对电机M进行零矢量停机保护。其中，可通过第一母线电流和第二母线电流计算得到电容电流，也可直接检测电容电流。Fault 1: When the effective vector (non-zero vector), the filter capacitor E will undergo a discharge process, and the filter capacitor E will have a charging process when the vector is zero. In each PWM cycle T, there will be a superposition of the effective vector and the zero vector. Therefore, the filter capacitor E will have a charging and discharging process in a PWM period T. At this time, the corresponding relationship between the capacitor current and the PWM signal is shown in FIG. 6. If more than one or more PWM cycles T, the filter capacitor E is always in the discharging process. At this time, it can be considered that the power relay is in the off state, and zero vector shutdown protection needs to be performed on the motor M. The capacitor current can be calculated from the first bus current and the second bus current, or the capacitor current can be directly detected.

综上，本申请实施例的逆变器断电保护方法，能够准确判断是否在电机运转状态下强行切断功率继电器，并能够在电机运转状态下强行切断功率继电器时，通过逆变器对电机进行零矢量停机保护，由此，避免了逆变器中功率器件的损坏。In summary, the inverter power-off protection method in the embodiment of the present application can accurately determine whether the power relay is forcibly cut off when the motor is running, and when the power relay is forcibly cut off when the motor is running, the motor is protected by the inverter. Zero vector shutdown protection, thereby avoiding damage to power devices in the inverter.

进一步地，本申请提出了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，程序被处理器执行时，实现上述的逆变器断电保护方法。Further, the present application proposes a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned inverter power-off protection method is implemented.

本申请实施例的计算机可读存储介质，在其上存储的与上述逆变器断路保护方法对应的计算机程序被处理器执行时，能够准确判断是否在运转状态下强行切断功率继电器，并能够在运转状态下强行切断功率继电器时，通过逆变器对电机进行零矢量停机保护，由此，避免了逆变器中功率器件的损坏。In the computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present application, when a computer program stored on the computer program corresponding to the above-mentioned inverter disconnection protection method is executed by a processor, it can accurately determine whether the power relay is forcibly cut off in the running state, and can be When the power relay is forcibly cut off in the running state, the motor is protected by zero vector shutdown through the inverter, thereby avoiding damage to the power devices in the inverter.

需要说明的是，在流程图中表示或在此以其他方式描述的逻辑和/或步骤，例如，可以被认为是用于实现逻辑功能的可执行指令的定序列表，可以具体实现在任何计算机可读介质中，以供指令执行***、装置或设备(如基于计算机的***、包括处理器的***或其他可以从指令执行***、装置或设备取指令并执行指令的***)使用，或结合这些指令执行***、装置或设备而使用。就本申请实施例的说明书而言，“计算机可读介质”可以是任何可以包含、存储、通信、传播或传输程序以供指令执行***、装置或设备或结合这些指令执行***、装置或设备而使用的装置。计算机可读介质的更具体的示例(非穷尽性列表) 包括以下：具有一个或多个布线的电连接部(电子装置)，便携式计算机盘盒(磁装置)，随机存取存储器(RAM)，只读存储器(ROM)，可擦除可编辑只读存储器(EPROM或闪速存储器)，光纤装置，以及便携式光盘只读存储器(CDROM)。另外，计算机可读介质甚至可以是可在其上打印所述程序的纸或其他合适的介质，因为可以例如通过对纸或其他介质进行光学扫描，接着进行编辑、解译或必要时以其他合适方式进行处理来以电子方式获得所述程序，然后将其存储在计算机存储器中。It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a fixed sequence of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer In a readable medium for use by, or in combination with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, device, or device) Instruction execution system, device or equipment. For the purpose of the description of the embodiments of the present application, a "computer-readable medium" may be any program, system, or device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit a program for execution of an instruction, system, or device. Used device. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: electrical connections (electronic devices) with one or more wirings, portable computer disk cartridges (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), Read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program can be printed, because, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpretation, or other suitable Processing to obtain the program electronically and then store it in computer memory.

应当理解，本申请各实施例中的各部分可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的组合来实现。在上述实施方式中，多个步骤或方法可以用存储在存储器中且由合适的指令执行***执行的软件或固件来实现。例如，如果用硬件来实现，和在另一实施方式中一样，可用本领域公知的下列技术中的任一项或他们的组合来实现：具有用于对数据信号实现逻辑功能的逻辑门电路的离散逻辑电路，具有合适的组合逻辑门电路的专用集成电路，可编程门阵列(PGA)，现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)等。It should be understood that each part in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods may be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it may be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: Discrete logic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits with suitable combinational logic gate circuits, programmable gate arrays (PGA), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), etc.

在本申请实施例的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本申请实施例的说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the description with reference to the terms “one embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “examples”, “specific examples”, or “some examples” and the like means that the descriptions are combined with the embodiments or examples Specific features, structures, materials or characteristics are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Moreover, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless it is specifically and specifically defined otherwise.

在本申请的实施例中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "installation", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms shall be understood in a broad sense unless specified and limited otherwise. For example, the terms may be a fixed connection or a fixed connection. Removable connection, or integration; it can be mechanical or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless Clearly defined otherwise. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

在本申请的实施例中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。In the embodiments of the present application, unless explicitly stated and defined otherwise, the first feature "on" or "down" of the second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features may pass Intermediate contact. Moreover, the first feature is "above", "above", and "above" the second feature. The first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature is "below", "below", and "below" of the second feature. The first feature may be directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it may simply mean that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.

尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limitations on the present application. Those skilled in the art may, within the scope of the present application, understand the above. Embodiments are subject to change, modification, substitution, and modification.

Claims

一种逆变器断电保护电路，其特征在于，包括供电电源、开关电路、滤波电路、逆变器、电机、检测电路和控制器，所述供电电源、所述开关电路、所述滤波电路、所述逆变器和所述电机依次连接，其中，An inverter power-off protection circuit, comprising a power supply, a switching circuit, a filter circuit, an inverter, a motor, a detection circuit, and a controller, the power supply, the switch circuit, and the filter circuit The inverter and the motor are connected in sequence, wherein:

所述检测电路分别与所述开关电路、所述滤波电路和所述逆变器相连，所述检测电路用于检测直流母线电压，和/或，第一母线电流和第二母线电流，其中，所述第一母线电流为流过所述滤波电路与所述开关电路之间的直流母线的电流，所述第二母线电流为流过所述滤波电路与所述逆变器之间的直流母线的电流；The detection circuit is respectively connected to the switching circuit, the filter circuit, and the inverter, and the detection circuit is configured to detect a DC bus voltage, and / or a first bus current and a second bus current, wherein: The first bus current is a current flowing through a DC bus between the filter circuit and the switching circuit, and the second bus current is a direct current bus flowing between the filter circuit and the inverter. Current

所述控制器分别与所述检测电路和所述逆变器相连，所述控制器用于根据所述直流母线电压，和/或，所述第一母线电流和所述第二母线电流，确认所述开关电路断开，并通过所述逆变器对所述电机进行零矢量停机保护。The controller is respectively connected to the detection circuit and the inverter, and the controller is configured to confirm all the voltages based on the DC bus voltage and / or the first bus current and the second bus current. The switching circuit is turned off, and the motor is protected by zero-vector shutdown by the inverter.
根据权利要求1所述的逆变器断电保护电路，其特征在于，所述开关电路包括功率继电器，所述功率继电器包括第一继电器和第二继电器，所述第一继电器的一端与所述供电电源的正极相连，所述第一继电器的另一端与所述滤波电路相连，所述第二继电器的一端与所述供电电源的负极相连，所述第二继电器的另一端与所述滤波电路相连。The inverter power-off protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the switch circuit includes a power relay, the power relay includes a first relay and a second relay, and one end of the first relay is connected to the power relay. The positive terminal of the power supply is connected, the other end of the first relay is connected to the filter circuit, one end of the second relay is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the second relay is connected to the filter circuit. Connected.
根据权利要求2所述的逆变器断电保护电路，其特征在于，所述滤波电路包括滤波电容，所述滤波电容的一端与所述第一继电器的另一端相连，所述滤波电容的另一端与所述第二继电器的另一端相连。The inverter power-off protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the filter circuit comprises a filter capacitor, one end of the filter capacitor is connected to the other end of the first relay, and the other of the filter capacitor is One end is connected to the other end of the second relay.
根据权利要求1所述的逆变器断电保护电路，其特征在于，所述逆变器包括第一功率管、第二功率管、第三功率管、第四功率管、第五功率管和第六功率管，其中，The inverter power-off protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the inverter comprises a first power tube, a second power tube, a third power tube, a fourth power tube, a fifth power tube, and The sixth power tube,

所述第一功率管的集电极、所述第三功率管的集电极和所述第五功率管的集电极均与直流母线的正极相连，并形成第一节点；The collector of the first power tube, the collector of the third power tube, and the collector of the fifth power tube are all connected to the positive electrode of the DC bus and form a first node;

所述第二功率管的发射极、所述第四功率管的发射极和所述第六功率管的发射极均与所述直流母线的负极相连，并形成第二节点；The emitter of the second power tube, the emitter of the fourth power tube, and the emitter of the sixth power tube are all connected to the negative pole of the DC bus and form a second node;

所述第一功率管的发射极与所述第二功率管的集电极相连，并形成第三节点，所述第三功率管的发射极与所述第四功率管的集电极相连，并形成第四节点，所述第五功率管的发射极与所述第六功率管的集电极相连，并形成第五节点，其中，所述第三节点、所述第四节点和所述第五节点均与所述电机相连；The emitter of the first power tube is connected to the collector of the second power tube and forms a third node. The emitter of the third power tube is connected to the collector of the fourth power tube and forms a third node. A fourth node, an emitter of the fifth power tube is connected to a collector of the sixth power tube, and forms a fifth node, wherein the third node, the fourth node, and the fifth node Both are connected to the motor;

所述第一功率管的基极、所述第二功率管的基极、所述第三功率管的基极、所述第四功率管的基极、所述第五功率管的基极和所述第六功率管的基极均与所述控制器相连。A base of the first power tube, a base of the second power tube, a base of the third power tube, a base of the fourth power tube, a base of the fifth power tube, and The bases of the sixth power tubes are all connected to the controller.
根据权利要求4所述的逆变器断电保护电路，其特征在于，所述检测电路，包括：The inverter power-off protection circuit according to claim 4, wherein the detection circuit comprises:

电压采样电阻，所述电压采样电阻与所述滤波电容并联连接；A voltage sampling resistor, which is connected in parallel with the filter capacitor;

其中，所述控制器与所述电压采样电阻相连，所述控制器用于检测并确认所述直流母线电压小于电压阈值，且所述控制器仍输出PWM信号，确认所述功率继电器断开，并通过所述逆变器对所述电机进行零矢量停机保护。The controller is connected to the voltage sampling resistor, the controller is used to detect and confirm that the DC bus voltage is less than a voltage threshold, and the controller still outputs a PWM signal to confirm that the power relay is turned off, and Zero-vector shutdown protection is performed on the motor through the inverter.
根据权利要求4或5所述的逆变器断电保护电路，其特征在于，所述检测电路包括：第一电流检测器件和第二电流检测器件，其中，The inverter power-off protection circuit according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the detection circuit comprises: a first current detection device and a second current detection device, wherein:

所述第一电流检测器件串联在所述第一继电器的另一端和所述滤波电容的一端之间，所述第二电流电测器件串联在所述滤波电容的一端和所述第一节点之间；或者The first current detection device is connected in series between the other end of the first relay and one end of the filter capacitor, and the second current detection device is connected in series between one end of the filter capacitor and one of the first node. Between; or

所述第一电流检测器件串联在所述第二继电器的另一端和所述滤波电容的另一端之间，所述第二电流电测器件串联在所述滤波电容的另一端和所述第二节点之间；The first current detecting device is connected in series between the other end of the second relay and the other end of the filtering capacitor, and the second current measuring device is connected in series between the other end of the filtering capacitor and the second Between nodes

其中，所述控制器分别与所述第一电流检测器件和所述第二电流检测器件相连，所述控制器用于：The controller is respectively connected to the first current detection device and the second current detection device, and the controller is configured to:

根据所述第一母线电流和所述第二母线电流计算流过所述滤波电容的电容电流，根据所述电容电流确认所述滤波电容的放电时间大于PWM周期，确认所述功率继电器断开，并通过所述逆变器对所述电机进行零矢量停机保护，以及Calculating a capacitor current flowing through the filter capacitor according to the first bus current and the second bus current, confirming that the discharge time of the filter capacitor is greater than a PWM period according to the capacitor current, and confirming that the power relay is turned off, And zero-vector shutdown protection of the motor through the inverter, and

根据所述第一母线电流和所述第二母线电流计算所述电机的相电流，检测并确认所述第一母线电流为0，且所述电机的相电流不为0，确认所述功率继电器断开，并通过所述逆变器对所述电机进行零矢量停机保护。Calculate the phase current of the motor according to the first bus current and the second bus current, detect and confirm that the first bus current is 0, and the phase current of the motor is not 0, confirm the power relay Open, and perform zero vector shutdown protection on the motor through the inverter.
根据权利要求4所述的逆变器断电保护电路，其特征在于，第一电流检测器件和所述第二电流检测器件均采用电流霍尔元件或者电流采样电阻。The inverter power-off protection circuit according to claim 4, wherein the first current detection device and the second current detection device both adopt a current Hall element or a current sampling resistor.
根据权利要求1所述的逆变器断电保护电路，其特征在于，所述通过所述逆变器对所述电机进行零矢量停机保护包括：The inverter power-off protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the zero-vector shutdown protection of the motor by the inverter comprises:

控制所述第一功率管、所述第三功率管和所述第五功率管同时开通，且控制所述第二功率管、所述第四功率管和所述第六功率管同时关断；或者Controlling the first power tube, the third power tube, and the fifth power tube to be turned on simultaneously, and controlling the second power tube, the fourth power tube, and the sixth power tube to be turned off simultaneously; or

控制所述第一功率管、所述第三功率管和所述第五功率管同时关断，且控制所述第二功率管、所述第四功率管和所述第六功率管同时开通。Controlling the first power tube, the third power tube, and the fifth power tube to be turned off simultaneously, and controlling the second power tube, the fourth power tube, and the sixth power tube to be turned on simultaneously.
一种车辆，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的逆变器断电保护电路。A vehicle, comprising an inverter power-off protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-8.
一种逆变器断电保护方法，其特征在于，所述方法用于电机控制***，所述电机控制***包括依次连接的供电电源、开关电路、滤波电路、逆变器和电机，所述方法包括以下步骤：An inverter power-off protection method, characterized in that the method is used in a motor control system, the motor control system includes a power supply, a switching circuit, a filter circuit, an inverter and a motor connected in sequence, and the method It includes the following steps:

获取直流母线电压，和/或，第一母线电流和第二母线电流，其中，所述第一母线电流为流过所述滤波电路与所述开关电路之间的直流母线的电流，所述第二母线电流为流过所述滤波电路与所述逆变器之间的直流母线的电流；Obtaining a DC bus voltage, and / or a first bus current and a second bus current, wherein the first bus current is a current flowing through the DC bus between the filter circuit and the switching circuit, and the first Two bus currents are currents flowing through a DC bus between the filter circuit and the inverter;

根据所述直流母线电压，和/或，所述第一母线电流和所述第二母线电流，确认所述开关电路断开；Confirming that the switching circuit is turned off according to the DC bus voltage and / or the first bus current and the second bus current;

通过所述逆变器对所述电机进行零矢量停机保护。Zero-vector shutdown protection is performed on the motor through the inverter.
根据权利要求10所述的逆变器断电保护方法，其特征在于，根据所述直流母线电压确认所述开关电路断开，包括：The inverter power-off protection method according to claim 10, wherein confirming that the switching circuit is disconnected according to the DC bus voltage comprises:

检测并确认所述直流母线电压小于电压阈值，且仍有PWM信号输出至所述逆变器；Detecting and confirming that the DC bus voltage is less than a voltage threshold and that a PWM signal is still output to the inverter;

确认所述开关电路断开。Confirm that the switching circuit is open.
根据权利要求10所述的逆变器断电保护方法，其特征在于，所述滤波电路包括滤波电容，根据所述第一母线电流和所述第二母线电流确认所述开关电路断开，包括：The inverter power-off protection method according to claim 10, wherein the filter circuit comprises a filter capacitor, and confirming that the switching circuit is turned off according to the first bus current and the second bus current, comprising: :

根据所述第一母线电流和所述第二母线电流计算流过所述滤波电容的电容电流；Calculating a capacitance current flowing through the filter capacitor according to the first bus current and the second bus current;

根据所述电容电流确认所述滤波电容的放电时间大于PWM周期；Confirming that the discharge time of the filter capacitor is greater than the PWM period according to the capacitor current;

确认所述开关电路断开。Confirm that the switching circuit is open.
根据权利要求10所述的逆变器断电保护方法，其特征在于，根据所述第一母线电流和所述第二母线电流确认所述开关电路断开，还包括：The inverter power-off protection method according to claim 10, wherein confirming that the switching circuit is turned off according to the first bus current and the second bus current, further comprising:

根据所述第一母线电流和所述第二母线电流计算所述电机的相电流；Calculating a phase current of the motor according to the first bus current and the second bus current;

检测并确认所述第一母线电流为0，且所述电机的相电流不为0；Detecting and confirming that the first bus current is 0, and the phase current of the motor is not 0;

确认所述开关电路断开。Confirm that the switching circuit is open.
一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时，实现如权利要求10-13中任一项所述的逆变器断电保护方法。A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for protecting an inverter from power failure according to any one of claims 10-13 is implemented. .