WO2020062581A1 - 高压气液研磨装置 - Google Patents

高压气液研磨装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020062581A1
WO2020062581A1 PCT/CN2018/119571 CN2018119571W WO2020062581A1 WO 2020062581 A1 WO2020062581 A1 WO 2020062581A1 CN 2018119571 W CN2018119571 W CN 2018119571W WO 2020062581 A1 WO2020062581 A1 WO 2020062581A1
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Prior art keywords
pressure
workpiece
grinding
motor
liquid
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PCT/CN2018/119571
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈治霖
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重庆陈氏清洁服务有限公司
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Publication of WO2020062581A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020062581A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grinding equipment, and in particular to a device for grinding using high-pressure gas or liquid.
  • Grinding is the use of abrasive particles coated or pressed on the grinding tool to perform a finishing process (such as cutting) on the processing surface through the relative movement of the grinding tool and the workpiece under a certain pressure. Grinding can be used to process all kinds of metal and non-metallic materials.
  • the surface shapes of the processing are flat, inner and outer cylindrical and conical surfaces, convex and concave spherical surfaces, thread, tooth surface and other profiles.
  • the existing grinding process is limited by the particle size of the abrasive particles, its processing accuracy can usually only reach IT5 ⁇ IT01, and the surface roughness can only reach Ra0.63 ⁇ 0.01 microns. How to break through the limitation of the current grinding accuracy by the particle size of the abrasive particles and achieve a higher level of grinding accuracy is a technical problem.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-pressure gas-liquid grinding device to solve the technical problem that the accuracy of the existing grinding process is limited by the abrasive particles, and it is difficult to improve the processing precision.
  • the high-pressure gas-liquid grinding device of the present invention includes a horizontal table, a first motor vertically fixed below the horizontal table, a high-pressure closed chamber provided on the upper part of the horizontal table, and a workpiece mounting table provided in the high-pressure closed chamber.
  • the rotating shaft of the first motor passes through the horizontal table vertically upwards and is fixedly connected to the workpiece mounting table.
  • the high-pressure closed compartment is provided with a one-way air inlet valve and a pressure relief valve, and the side of the high-pressure closed compartment is also provided with a cabin. door.
  • a second motor is further provided on the top of the high-pressure closed chamber, and the second motor has a rotating shaft penetrating downwardly into the high-pressure closed chamber, and a propeller or a turbine disk that drives the flow of the grinding medium is connected to the rotating shaft of the second motor.
  • a movable center is connected to the high-pressure closed compartment through a bracket, and the movable center faces vertically down to the center of the workpiece mounting table.
  • the air inlet joint is provided with a one-way air inlet valve.
  • the high-pressure gas-liquid grinding device of the present invention places a workpiece in a high-pressure gas or high-pressure liquid environment.
  • the first motor drives the workpiece to rotate
  • the friction between the surface of the workpiece and the high-pressure gas or high-pressure liquid is used to achieve the purpose of grinding the surface of the workpiece.
  • the medium that plays the role of grinding is a gas molecule or a liquid molecule
  • the particle size of the grinding medium is greatly reduced, thereby breaking through the problem that the grinding accuracy of the existing grinding device is limited by the abrasive particles, and can greatly improve the grinding accuracy of the workpiece.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a three-dimensional structure of a high-pressure gas-liquid grinding device in an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a high-pressure gas-liquid grinding device in the embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of FIG. 2 after the movable center is set.
  • the high-pressure gas-liquid grinding device of this embodiment includes a horizontal table 1, a first motor vertically fixed below the horizontal table 2, a high-pressure closed chamber 3 provided above the horizontal table, and a high-pressure chamber.
  • the workpiece mounting platform 4 in the closed compartment, the rotating shaft of the first motor passes through the horizontal table vertically upwards and is fixedly connected to the workpiece mounting platform, and the high-pressure closed compartment is provided with an air inlet joint 5 and a pressure relief valve 6;
  • the pressure relief valve is used to automatically release the pressure when the air pressure in the high-pressure closed compartment exceeds the set pressure to ensure the safe operation of the equipment; a side door 7 is also provided on the side of the high-pressure closed compartment. Grinding situation.
  • the workpiece mounting platform 4 is mounted on the bottom of the high-pressure closed chamber through bearings 8, the high-pressure closed chamber is fixed on the horizontal workbench by bolts 9, and the first motor is installed on the horizontal foundation through shock-absorbing pads 9.
  • the fixture holding the workpiece is installed on the workpiece mounting table, the workpiece is fixed on the fixture, and then the door is closed, and then the gas or liquid is introduced into the high-pressure closed chamber.
  • the workpiece is placed in a high-pressure gas or high-pressure liquid environment, and then the workpiece mounting table is rotated at a high speed by a first motor, and the purpose of grinding the surface of the workpiece is achieved by using the friction between the high-speed rotating workpiece surface and the high-pressure gas or high-pressure liquid.
  • the high-pressure gas-liquid grinding device of this embodiment because it uses a gas molecule or a liquid molecule as a grinding medium for grinding, the particle size of the grinding medium is greatly reduced, thereby breaking through the problem that the grinding accuracy of the existing grinding device is limited by the abrasive particles. Can greatly improve the precision of workpiece grinding.
  • a second motor 10 is further provided on the top of the high-pressure closed chamber, and the rotation axis of the second motor penetrates the high-pressure closed chamber downward, and a driving grinding medium is connected to the rotation shaft of the second motor
  • the flowing propeller 11, the propeller drives the grinding medium and the workpiece to move in the opposite direction, which can increase the relative movement speed of the grinding medium and the workpiece and improve the grinding effect; of course, in the specific implementation, a turbine disk can be used instead of the propeller.
  • a movable center 13 is further connected to the high-pressure closed compartment through a bracket 12, and the movable center faces vertically down to the center of the workpiece mounting table.
  • the moving center is an existing technology, which is widely installed on various machine tools. It is used to position the shaft workpiece when processing the shaft workpiece. During the processing, the moving center and the shaft workpiece rotate synchronously, and there is no relative movement between the two. .
  • This improvement sets the movable center in the high-pressure sealed cabin, which makes it easier to install and position the shaft workpiece when grinding the shaft workpiece.
  • the air inlet joint 5 is provided with a one-way air inlet valve 14.
  • the one-way air inlet valve can prevent backflow and is beneficial to maintaining the pressure in the high-pressure closed compartment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Abstract

一种高压气液研磨装置，包括水平工作台（1）、竖直固定在水平工作台（1）下方的第一电机（2）、设置在水平工作台（1）上部的高压密闭舱（3）、以及设置在高压密闭舱（3）内的工件安装台（4），所述第一电机（2）的转轴竖直向上穿过水平工作台（1）后与工件安装台（4）固定连接，所述高压密闭舱（3）上设置有单向进气阀（14）和泄压阀（6），高压密闭舱（3）的侧面上还设置有舱门（7）。通过将工件置于高压气体或高压液体环境下，第一电机（2）驱动工件旋转时，利用工件表面与高压气体或高压液体之间的摩擦达到研磨工件表面的目的，由于起研磨作用的介质是气体分子或液体分子，因此研磨介质的粒径大大降低，从而突破了现有研磨装置的研磨精度受磨料颗粒限制的问题，能很大的提高工件研磨精度。

Description

高压气液研磨装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种研磨设备，特别涉及一种利用高压气体或液体进行研磨的装置。
背景技术
研磨是利用涂敷或压嵌在研具上的磨料颗粒，通过研具与工件在一定压力下的相对运动对加工表面进行的精整加工(如切削加工)。研磨可用于加工各种金属和非金属材料，加工的表面形状有平面，内、外圆柱面和圆锥面，凸、凹球面，螺纹，齿面及其他型面。但是由于现有研磨工艺受到磨料颗粒粒径限制，其加工精度通常只能达到IT5～IT01，表面粗糙度只能达到Ra0.63～0.01微米。如何突破现有研磨加工精度受磨料颗粒粒径的限制，达到更高等级的研磨加工精度，是一项技术难题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种高压气液研磨装置，以解决现有研磨加工的精度受磨料颗粒限制，加工精度提高难度大的技术问题。
本发明高压气液研磨装置，包括水平工作台、竖直固定在水平工作台下方的第一电机、设置在水平工作台上部的高压密闭舱、以及设置在高压密闭舱内的工件安装台，所述第一电机的转轴竖直向上穿过水平工作台后与工件安装台固定连接，所述高压密闭舱上设置有单向进气阀和泄压阀，高压密闭舱的侧面上还设置有舱门。
进一步，所述高压密闭舱的顶部还设置有第二电机，所述第二电机的转轴向下穿入高压密闭舱，且第二电机的转轴上连接有驱动研磨介质流动的螺旋 桨或者涡轮盘。
进一步，所述高压密闭舱内还通过支架连接有活动顶尖，所述活动顶尖竖直朝下正对工件安装台的中心。
进一步，所述进气接头上设置有单向进气阀。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明高压气液研磨装置，其将工件置于高压气体或高压液体环境下，当第一电机驱动工件旋转时，利用工件表面与高压气体或高压液体之间的摩擦达到研磨工件表面的目的，由于起研磨作用的介质是气体分子或液体分子，因此研磨介质的粒径大大降低，从而突破了现有研磨装置研磨精度受磨料颗粒限制的问题，能很大的提高工件研磨精度。
附图说明
图1为实施例中高压气液研磨装置的立体结构示意图；
图2为实施例中高压气液研磨装置的剖视结构示意图；
图3为图2在设置活动顶尖后的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
如图所示，本实施例高压气液研磨装置，包括水平工作台1、竖直固定在水平工作台下方的第一电机2、设置在水平工作台上部的高压密闭舱3、以及设置在高压密闭舱内的工件安装台4，所述第一电机的转轴竖直向上穿过水平工作台后与工件安装台固定连接，所述高压密闭舱上设置有进气接头5和泄压阀6；泄压阀用于在高压密闭舱内气压超出设定压力时进行自动泄压，保证设备安全运行；高压密闭舱的侧面上还设置有舱门7，通过舱门可进行装卸工件的操作及观察研磨情况。
本实施例中，工件安装台4通过轴承8安装在高压密闭舱的底部，高压密闭舱通过螺栓9固定在水平工作台上，第一电机通过减震垫9安装在水平 基础上。
本实施例中高压气液研磨装置工作时，先将固定工件的夹具安装在工件安装台上，再将工件固定在夹具上，然后再关上舱门，再向高压密闭舱内通入气体或液体，使工件处于高压气体或高压液体环境下，再通过第一电机驱动工件安装台高速旋转，利用高速旋转的工件表面与高压气体或高压液体之间的摩擦达到研磨工件表面的目的。本实施例高压气液研磨装置，由于其是利用气体分子或液体分子作为研磨介质进行研磨，因此研磨介质的粒径大大降低，从而突破了现有研磨装置的研磨精度受磨料颗粒限制的问题，能很大的提高工件研磨精度。
作为对本实施例的改进，所述高压密闭舱的顶部还设置有第二电机10，所述第二电机的转轴向下穿入高压密闭舱，且第二电机的转轴上连接有驱动研磨介质流动的螺旋桨11，螺旋桨驱动研磨介质与工件逆向运动，可增大研磨介质与工件的相对运动速度，提高研磨效果；当然在具体实施中还可用涡轮盘代替螺旋桨。
作为对本实施例的改进，所述高压密闭舱内还通过支架12连接有活动顶尖13，所述活动顶尖竖直朝下正对工件安装台的中心。活动顶尖属现有技术，其广泛安装于各种机床上，用于在加工轴类工件时对轴类工件进行定位，在加工过程中，活动顶尖与轴类工件同步旋转，两者无相对运动。本改进将活动顶尖设置在高压密封舱中，使得在对轴类工件进行研磨时，可更方便的对轴类工件进行安装定位。
作为对本实施例的改进，所述进气接头5上设置有单向进气阀14，单向进气阀可以防止逆流，有利于维持高压密闭舱中的压力。
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种高压气液研磨装置，其特征在于：包括水平工作台、竖直固定在水平工作台下方的第一电机、设置在水平工作台上部的高压密闭舱、以及设置在高压密闭舱内的工件安装台，所述第一电机的转轴竖直向上穿过水平工作台后与工件安装台固定连接，所述高压密闭舱上设置有进气接头和泄压阀，高压密闭舱的侧面上还设置有舱门。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的高压气液研磨装置，其特征在于：所述高压密闭舱的顶部还设置有第二电机，所述第二电机的转轴向下穿入高压密闭舱，且第二电机的转轴上连接有驱动研磨介质流动的螺旋桨或者涡轮盘。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的高压气液研磨装置，其特征在于：所述高压密闭舱内还通过支架连接有活动顶尖，所述活动顶尖竖直朝下正对工件安装台的中心。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的高压气液研磨装置，其特征在于：所述进气接头上设置有单向进气阀。
PCT/CN2018/119571 2018-09-25 2018-12-06 高压气液研磨装置 WO2020062581A1 (zh)

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