WO2020062276A1 - 昼夜切换方法、装置、电子设备及可读存储介质 - Google Patents

昼夜切换方法、装置、电子设备及可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020062276A1
WO2020062276A1 PCT/CN2018/109180 CN2018109180W WO2020062276A1 WO 2020062276 A1 WO2020062276 A1 WO 2020062276A1 CN 2018109180 W CN2018109180 W CN 2018109180W WO 2020062276 A1 WO2020062276 A1 WO 2020062276A1
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Prior art keywords
preset
value
switching
threshold
brightness
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PCT/CN2018/109180
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李林
毛强
秦海娟
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浙江宇视科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/109180 priority Critical patent/WO2020062276A1/zh
Publication of WO2020062276A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020062276A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of front-end device control, and in particular, to a day and night switching method, device, electronic device, and readable storage medium.
  • Day and night switching is a camera mode conversion function that the front-end camera device must have. It means that the front-end camera device determines whether the camera mode is a color camera mode or a black and white camera mode based on the light intensity of the shooting scene.
  • Traditional automatic day and night switching schemes include an automatic day and night switching scheme based on the brightness of the imaged image and an automatic day and night switching scheme based on the photoresistor to measure the light intensity.
  • the automatic day and night switching scheme based on the brightness of the imaging screen is to preset the screen brightness threshold on the front-end camera device.
  • the front-end camera device uses the color camera mode to take pictures and enables the infrared cut filter;
  • the image brightness is less than the image brightness threshold.
  • the front-end camera device uses a black-and-white camera mode to remove the IR cut filter at the same time.
  • An automatic day and night switching scheme based on the light intensity measurement of the photoresistor refers to setting a photoresistor around the lens of the front-end camera device, and determining the imaging mode of the front-end camera device by the output voltage generated by the photoresistor under the action of visible light.
  • an object of the embodiments of the present disclosure includes providing a day and night switching method, which is applied to a front-end device, and the camera mode of the front-end device includes a color mode and a black-and-white mode.
  • the method includes:
  • the front-end device works in a color mode, obtaining a camera-calculated illuminance value, a brightness of a current image frame, a current gain value, and / or a current signal-to-noise ratio of the front-end device;
  • the color mode is switched to a black and white mode, and the first switching condition includes:
  • the camera calculates the illuminance value is less than a first preset switching threshold value for switching from a color mode to a black and white mode;
  • the brightness of the current image picture is less than the first preset brightness threshold, and the gain of the current image picture is greater than the first preset gain threshold;
  • the brightness of the current image picture is less than a second preset brightness threshold, wherein the first preset brightness threshold is greater than the second preset brightness threshold;
  • the current gain value is greater than a second preset gain threshold
  • the current signal-to-noise ratio is less than a first preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
  • the front-end device when the front-end device operates in a black-and-white mode, obtain a camera-calculated illuminance value, current gain value, and / or current signal-to-noise ratio of the front-end device;
  • the black and white mode is switched to the color mode
  • the second switching condition includes:
  • the visible lightness value is greater than a second preset switching threshold value for switching from the black and white mode to the color mode;
  • the current gain value is less than a third preset gain threshold value switched from the black and white mode to the color mode;
  • the current signal-to-noise ratio is greater than a second preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
  • the step of determining the visible illuminance value according to the calculation of the illuminance value and the proportion of infrared light in the brightness of the current image frame by the camera includes:
  • the visible illuminance value is calculated.
  • the second preset switching threshold is obtained by the following methods:
  • a preset zoom-in algorithm is used to calculate and obtain the second preset switching threshold.
  • the method further includes:
  • the step of obtaining the proportion of infrared light or visible light in the brightness of the current image frame includes:
  • a preset algorithm is used to determine the infrared light ratio or the visible light ratio in the brightness of the current image frame.
  • the light index includes a B / G value and an R / G value
  • the step of obtaining a ratio of infrared light or visible light in the brightness of the current image frame further includes:
  • a correspondence relationship between the sensitivity value and the light index, the second preset switching threshold, and the third preset gain threshold is established in advance, where the sensitivity value has a positive correlation with the value of the light index, so The sensitivity value has a negative correlation with the second preset switching threshold, and the sensitivity value has a positive correlation with the preset gain threshold.
  • the method further includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • the day-night switching frequency of the front-end device exceeds a preset frequency; calculating a first preset switching threshold value, a second preset switching threshold value corresponding to when the day-night switching frequency of the front-end device is lower than the preset frequency, At least one of the preset gain thresholds and updates the first preset switching threshold, the second preset switching threshold, or the preset gain threshold.
  • the method further includes:
  • the front-end device is locked in a black and white mode, and when it is detected that a change range of an exposure parameter exceeds a preset change range or a lock duration exceeds a preset lock duration, the lock of the black and white mode is released.
  • the present disclosure also provides a day and night switching method, which is applied to a front-end device.
  • the camera mode of the front-end device includes a color mode and a black-and-white mode.
  • the method includes:
  • the front-end device works in a black-and-white mode, obtaining a camera of the front-end device to calculate an illuminance value, a current gain value, and / or a current signal-to-noise ratio;
  • the black and white mode is switched to the color mode
  • the second switching condition includes:
  • the visible lightness value is greater than a second preset switching threshold value for switching from the black and white mode to the color mode;
  • the current gain value is less than a third preset gain threshold value switched from the black and white mode to the color mode;
  • the current signal-to-noise ratio is greater than a second preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
  • the present disclosure also provides a day and night switching device, which is applied to a front-end device.
  • the camera mode of the front-end device includes a color mode and a black and white mode.
  • the day and night switching device includes:
  • An element acquisition module configured to obtain, when the front-end device operates in a color mode, a camera-calculated illuminance value, a current image screen brightness, a current gain value, and / or a current signal-to-noise ratio of the front-end device;
  • the day and night mode switching module is configured to switch the color mode to a black and white mode when one of the following first switching conditions is met, the first switching condition includes:
  • the camera calculates the illuminance value is less than a first preset switching threshold value for switching from a color mode to a black and white mode;
  • the brightness of the current image picture is less than the first preset brightness threshold, and the gain of the current image picture is greater than the first preset gain threshold;
  • the brightness of the current image picture is less than a second preset brightness threshold, wherein the first preset brightness threshold is greater than the second preset brightness threshold;
  • the current gain value is greater than a second preset gain threshold
  • the current signal-to-noise ratio is less than a first preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
  • the element obtaining module is further configured to obtain a current illuminance value, a current gain value, and / or a current signal-to-noise ratio of a current image frame when the front-end device works in a black and white mode;
  • the day and night mode switching module is further configured to switch the black and white mode to a color mode when one of the following second switching conditions is satisfied, and the second switching condition includes:
  • the current illuminance value is greater than a second preset switching threshold value for switching from the black and white mode to the color mode;
  • the current gain value is less than a third preset gain threshold value switched from the black and white mode to the color mode;
  • the current signal-to-noise ratio is greater than a second preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
  • the method for obtaining the current illumination value of the current image frame by the element acquisition module includes:
  • a visible illuminance value is calculated and used as the current illuminance value of the current image frame.
  • the element acquisition module obtains the second preset switching threshold by the following method:
  • a preset zoom-in algorithm is used to calculate and obtain the second preset switching threshold.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes a processor and a non-volatile memory storing a plurality of computer instructions.
  • the electronic device is characterized in that, when the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the electronic device The described day and night switching method is performed.
  • the present disclosure also provides a readable storage medium including a computer program, and when the computer program runs, the electronic device where the readable storage medium is located executes the day and night switching method.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a day and night switching method, device, electronic device and readable storage medium.
  • the front-end device works in the color mode, it can determine whether to switch to the black and white mode by judging various factors.
  • the day and night switching method does not need to add hardware to the front-end equipment, thereby reducing the cost of the equipment and the probability of failure.
  • the threshold is set reasonably, accurate day and night switching can be performed without repeated switching between day and night modes.
  • day and night switching can be accurately performed for some small scenes, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of day and night switching.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a day and night switching method according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic flowchart of a day-night switching method according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is another schematic flowchart of a day-night switching method according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a day-night switching device provided by a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Icons 100-day and night switching device; 101-element acquisition module; 102-day and night mode switching module.
  • the camera mode of the front-end device can include black and white mode and color mode. In different light environments, the front-end device can collect images by switching between different camera modes.
  • the basic principle of day and night switching in current monitoring products is: if the current light intensity is weak, the device will determine that the picture needs to be adjusted to black and white, remove the infrared filter IR-Cut and turn on the infrared light fill light, so that the infrared light and Visible light enters the image sensor at the same time to increase the light intensity in the current scene. If the current light intensity is strong, the device will determine that the picture needs to be adjusted to color at the moment, enable IR-Cut to isolate infrared light, and only allow visible light to enter the image sensor.
  • the hardware method is mainly adding a hardware photoresistor, and judging by the infrared intensity of the surrounding environment of the photoresistor detection device.
  • the inventor found that the photoresistor can only detect the infrared intensity of the surrounding environment of the device.
  • the software method is to judge by setting a threshold. The inventor found that the device cannot normally recognize the contribution of visible light and infrared light to the brightness of the current screen. In the scene with infrared light and the scene without infrared light, the same environmental brightness estimation method is used. , Resulting in inaccurate timing of day and night switching, and even repeated switching of day and night mode.
  • the current illuminance is used as the threshold for switching from color mode to black and white mode.
  • the shutter or gain is limited, the current screen brightness is low but the calculated illuminance still does not reach the color mode to black and white mode. Threshold situation, so that it will not switch to black and white mode, and such a solution has the problem that the sensitivity value of the black and white mode is switched to the color mode in a small scene.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a day and night switching method, which is applied to a front-end device.
  • the camera mode of the front-end device includes a color mode and a black-and-white mode. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following steps.
  • step S101 when the front-end device operates in a color mode, a camera of the front-end device is obtained to calculate an illuminance value, a brightness of a current image frame, a current gain value, and / or a current signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the front-end device may include a processor, and the processor may determine a working mode and determine whether the front-end device works in a color mode or a black and white mode. And the processor can execute the day and night switching method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor can detect whether the condition for switching to the black-and-white mode is met at a predetermined period.
  • the processor may determine based on one or more parameters obtained by calculation. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the processor may calculate the current camera-calculated illuminance value of the front-end device.
  • the camera-calculated illuminance value is an illuminance calculated by combining one or more parameters of the current screen brightness, exposure gain, shutter value, and aperture value. value.
  • the calculation of the illuminance value by the camera is a concept opposite to the actual illuminance value.
  • the actual illuminance value in the environment can be measured with a light meter. Because the front-end equipment's use scene is very diverse and complex, if only the actual test illumination value is used to judge the color mode to the black and white mode, the shutter and gain values of the front-end equipment will be limited in some scenarios.
  • Gain and shutter value are used as the basis for judgment, so such a switching judgment is obviously inaccurate, resulting in that it is not necessary to switch from color mode to black and white mode, but to switch to black and white mode based on wrong judgment, affecting the normal shooting of front-end equipment.
  • step S102 when one of the following first switching conditions is satisfied, the color mode is switched to a black and white mode.
  • the first switching condition may include the following conditions:
  • the camera calculates an illuminance value that is less than a first preset switching threshold value for switching from a color mode to a black and white mode;
  • the brightness of the current image picture is less than a second preset brightness threshold, wherein the first preset brightness threshold is greater than the second preset brightness threshold;
  • the current signal-to-noise ratio is less than a first preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
  • the processor determines whether it can be switched to the black and white mode, it may use one of the above-mentioned conditions to determine.
  • the first preset switching threshold may be set in advance according to the actual situation of the front-end equipment, and the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the size of the first preset switching threshold. If the calculated illuminance value of the camera is less than the first preset switching threshold, the front-end device may switch to a black and white mode.
  • the first preset brightness threshold may be determined according to the actual usage scenario of the front-end device, and the sizes of the first preset gain threshold and the second preset gain threshold may also be determined according to actual conditions.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the first preset brightness The magnitude of the threshold, the first preset gain threshold, and the second preset gain threshold. If the obtained brightness of the current image screen is less than the first preset brightness threshold and the current gain is greater than the first preset gain threshold, it indicates that the front-end device meets the switching condition for switching from color mode to black and white mode, and the front-end device can be controlled from color The mode switches to black and white mode.
  • the second preset brightness threshold can also be determined in advance.
  • the size of the second preset brightness threshold is smaller than the first preset brightness threshold. It can be understood that the brightness of the current image screen is smaller than the second preset brightness.
  • the camera's calculated illuminance value is higher than the first preset switching threshold, that is, the first switching condition described above is not met, but the current image screen is dark, and only by switching to the black and white mode can you get a clearer picture. Images, and the shutter and gain of the front-end device will be limited in some cases, so when the brightness of the current image screen is lower than the second preset brightness threshold, the shooting mode of the front-end device can be switched from color mode For black and white mode.
  • the processor may also use the current gain value of the current image screen and the current signal-to-noise ratio as the basis for determining whether to switch from the color mode to the black and white mode. It can be determined whether the gain of the current image picture is greater than the second preset gain threshold, or whether the signal-to-noise ratio of the current image picture is lower than the first preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold. When the gain is greater than the second preset gain threshold, or when the signal-to-noise ratio is lower than the first preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, the shooting mode may also be switched from a color mode to a black and white mode. As long as the obtained elements satisfy one of the first switching conditions, the front-end device can be switched from the color mode to the black and white mode.
  • the day and night switching method further implements switching from a black-and-white mode to a color mode through the following steps.
  • Step S201 When the front-end device works in a black-and-white mode, obtain a camera-calculated illuminance value, current gain value, and / or current signal-to-noise ratio of the front-end device.
  • the current illuminance value of the current image frame can be calculated, and the current illuminance value of the camera is used as a judgment criterion for switching from the black and white mode to the color mode.
  • the current gain value can also be obtained.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio determines whether the current gain value or the signal-to-noise ratio can be switched to the color mode.
  • Step S202 Determine the visible illuminance value according to the ratio of infrared light or visible light calculated by the camera and the brightness of the current image frame.
  • step S203 when one of the following second switching conditions is satisfied, the black and white mode is switched to the color mode, and the second switching condition includes the following conditions.
  • the visible lightness value is greater than a second preset switching threshold value for switching from the black and white mode to the color mode;
  • the current gain value is less than a preset gain threshold value switched from the black and white mode to the color mode.
  • the current signal-to-noise ratio is greater than a second preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
  • the processor may switch the black and white mode to the color mode.
  • the second preset switching threshold may be set according to the actual working scenario of the front-end device, and the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the actual size of the second preset switching threshold.
  • the visible illuminance value is a new parameter calculated based on the illuminance value calculated by the camera.
  • the actual brightness of the current image frame The proportion caused by infrared light is large, that is, the proportion of infrared light in the current brightness is greater than a certain threshold.
  • the camera calculates the illuminance value is greater than the second preset switching threshold, if it switches to color mode at this time, its shooting The sharpness is not as good as black and white mode. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, when obtaining the visible illuminance value, it is also necessary to consider the proportion of infrared light.
  • the processor may first obtain the proportion of infrared or visible light in the brightness of the current image frame; then calculate the illuminance value and the proportion of infrared or visible light in the brightness of the current image frame according to the camera to calculate and obtain visible light.
  • Illumination value When calculating the visible illuminance value, a linear mapping or a non-linear mapping may be used, or a combination of the two mappings may be used. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the mapping method.
  • the current camera calculates the illuminance value as N, and the proportion of the infrared light effect in the brightness of the current image frame is x%.
  • the second preset gain threshold may also be set in advance according to actual conditions.
  • the black and white mode is switched to the color mode.
  • the second preset switching threshold can be obtained by the following methods: first obtaining an initial threshold set under pure visible light and the proportion of infrared or visible light in the brightness of the current image screen; and then according to the current image The proportion of infrared light or visible light in the brightness of the screen is calculated by using a preset magnification algorithm to obtain the second preset switching threshold.
  • the initial threshold can be formulated under pure visible light.
  • the preset magnification algorithm may be a linear magnification, a non-linear magnification, or a combination of two magnification methods. The present disclosure does not limit the preset magnification algorithm.
  • the current initial threshold is N and the proportion of infrared light is x%.
  • the method further includes: when the front-end device works in a black-and-white mode, it may first determine whether the proportion of infrared light in the brightness of the current image screen is less than a preset ratio, and if the current image The proportion of infrared light in the brightness of the screen is smaller than the preset proportion, and then it is further determined whether the current illuminance value, current gain value, and / or current signal-to-noise ratio satisfy the second switching condition. If the proportion of infrared light in the brightness of the current image frame is greater than the preset proportion, the front-end device is kept in the black and white mode without determining whether each parameter satisfies the second switching condition.
  • binarization can be used to determine the simple second switching condition. That is, the proportion of infrared light in the brightness of the current image screen is less than the preset ratio, that is, the brightness of the current image screen is dominated by visible light. At this time, the judgment of whether the second switching condition is met is started, that is, the judgment of switching from black and white mode to color mode is started mechanism. When the infrared light is higher than a certain ratio, it is determined that the brightness of the current image frame is dominated by the infrared light, and at this time, the black and white state is not switched.
  • the corresponding relationship of the proportion of infrared light corresponding to different light indexes may be established in advance, and the light indexes include G One of the / B value, the R / B value, the G / R value, the white balance correction value RGain, and the white balance correction value BGain.
  • the relevant environment can be constructed first.
  • an infrared light and a visible light lamp are provided in the standard color temperature light box.
  • First turn on only the infrared light and record one of the brightness value, G / B value, R / B value, G / R value, white balance correction value RGain, and white balance correction value BGain at this time.
  • turn off the infrared light and adjust the brightness of the visible light so that the brightness in the standard color temperature light box is the same as that of the infrared light only.
  • One of the value RGain and the white balance correction value BGain is provided in the standard color temperature light box.
  • the proportion of infrared light and visible light is 50%.
  • the corresponding relationship between different light indicators and the proportion of infrared light can be established. For example, when the B / G value is used as the light index corresponding to the infrared light ratio, the following table can be established.
  • the algorithm can choose one or more values or cross-selection, or you can choose according to the actual environment changes.
  • the above lookup table is not limited to B / G values.
  • the corresponding infrared light ratio can be obtained.
  • binarization can be used to determine the simple second switching condition. That is, the proportion of infrared light in the brightness of the current image screen is less than the preset ratio, that is, the brightness of the current image screen is dominated by visible light. At this time, the judgment of whether the second switching condition is met is started, that is, the judgment of switching from black and white mode to color mode is started mechanism. When the infrared light is higher than a certain ratio, it is determined that the brightness of the current image screen is dominated by infrared light. At this time, the black and white state is not switched.
  • the B / G value exceeds a certain value, it is considered that infrared light is dominant, that is, the proportion of infrared light is considered to be higher than a preset ratio; when the B / G value is lower than a certain value, it is considered that visible light is dominant, that is, considered The proportion of infrared light is lower than a certain ratio, so that the size of the B / G value is used as the basis for determining whether to maintain the black and white state without switching or to start the black and white mode to switch to the color mode, which affects the day and night switching.
  • the calculation of the light index of the current image frame in the embodiment of the present disclosure may first divide the screen into M ⁇ N blocks, and calculate the average value of the light index (for example, R / G, B / G) of each block. The weighted average is then used to calculate the average light index (eg, R / G, B / G) of the entire screen. Which statistical data is needed depends on the implementation of the algorithm, and is not limited to these two types; it can be based on the analysis of each dimension of the three components of RGB.
  • RGain and BGain can also establish a table lookup mechanism to estimate the ratio of infrared light.
  • the actual measurement look-up table method is not limited to a set of B / G, R / G, G / R, G / B, white balance correction value RGain, and white balance correction value BGain to determine the infrared ratio. It can be one of these six types or The overall combination of judgments can increase estimation accuracy and eliminate misjudgments.
  • the combined feature analysis is performed on the R, G, and B components and their derivatives (for example, white balance statistics and correction data), and combined with the measurement of the construction environment or actual use environment Or calibration data, you can set up various forms of look-up table algorithms or enumeration methods, calibration methods and other algorithms to estimate the proportion of infrared light or visible light, used to assist the day and night mode switching, replacing hardware photosensitivity and its derivative applications.
  • Similar characteristics based on the RGB response curve of the sensor under different wavelengths of light including the sensor's RGB statistics and derivatives based on the statistical information (such as white balance statistics and white balance correction values), such as R, G when infrared light is dominant
  • the B component satisfies certain features, and these features are not available in other bands.
  • the Sensor in the embodiment of the present disclosure satisfies that under the dominance of infrared light, the R, G, and B components are nearly equal; this characteristic is not available in other spectra, so the ratio of infrared light can be estimated based on this characteristic; based on R, G, B components and their derivatives (for example: white balance statistics and correction data) for combined feature analysis.
  • the visible light is sufficient (that is, the color mode can be stabilized after switching to the color mode), which causes the problem that the black cut color cannot be switched.
  • the concept of switching sensitivity values is introduced. The higher the sensitivity value, the easier it is to switch to color mode, and the lower the sensitivity value, the easier it is to switch to color mode.
  • the correspondence between the sensitivity value and the light index, the second preset switching threshold, and the preset gain threshold is established in advance, wherein the sensitivity value has a positive correlation with the value of the light index, and the sensitivity value Has a negative correlation with the second preset switching threshold, and the sensitivity value has a positive correlation with the preset gain threshold.
  • a higher sensitivity value corresponds to a larger value of (B / G) 0, and a lower sensitivity value corresponds to a smaller value of (B / G) 0 .
  • the larger the value of 0 is, the smaller the calculated infrared ratio is, and the larger the light ratio is, the easier it is to switch from black and white mode to color mode.
  • the sensitivity value can also be converted into a coefficient of (B / G) 0 component.
  • the sensitivity value may also correspond to a second preset switching threshold.
  • the method further includes: adjusting the light index and the second preset according to the set sensitivity value and the correspondence between the sensitivity value and the light index, the second preset switching threshold, and the preset gain threshold. At least one of a switching threshold and a third preset gain threshold.
  • one or more thresholds can be adjusted correspondingly by adjusting the sensitivity value, thereby realizing the adjustment of the difficulty of switching the black and white mode to the color mode.
  • the front-end device may fall into a frequent switching situation.
  • the method further includes the following steps.
  • Step S301 if it is detected that the day-night switching frequency of the front-end device exceeds a preset frequency.
  • Step S302 Calculate at least one of a first preset switching threshold, a second preset switching threshold, and a preset gain threshold when the day-night switching frequency of the front-end device is lower than the preset frequency, and update the The first preset switching threshold, the second preset switching threshold, or the preset gain threshold.
  • the front-end device When the front-end device enters a state of frequent switching, it is possible to calculate what thresholds are set so that the front-end device does not perform frequent switching. The calculated values are re-assigned to each threshold, thereby ensuring that the front-end device does not frequently switch between day and night.
  • step S303 the front-end device is locked in a black-and-white mode, and when it is detected that a change range of the exposure parameter exceeds a preset change range or a lock duration exceeds a preset lock duration, the lock of the black-and-white mode is released.
  • the front-end device When the front-end device enters a state of frequent switching, the front-end device can also be locked in black and white mode and locked for a certain period of time.
  • the change range of the exposure parameter exceeds the preset change range or the lock time exceeds the preset lock time
  • the The lock of the black and white mode is described so that the front-end device does not fall into the frequent switching of the black and white mode and the color mode.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a day and night switching method, device, electronic device and readable storage medium.
  • the front-end device works in the color mode, it can determine whether to switch to Black and white mode.
  • the day and night switching method does not need to add hardware to the front-end equipment, thereby reducing the cost of the equipment and the probability of failure.
  • the threshold is set reasonably, accurate day and night switching can be performed without repeated switching between day and night modes.
  • the day and night switching can also be accurately performed for some small scenes, improving the efficiency and accuracy of day and night switching.
  • the front-end device works in black and white mode, by calculating the proportion of infrared light or visible light in the brightness of the current image screen, it can accurately determine whether the current scene meets the conditions for switching to color mode, so that it can be performed at an appropriate time.
  • the day and night switching can be accurately performed without affecting the normal shooting of the front-end equipment.
  • the switching judgment mechanism is simple and easy to implement, accurate and stable.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a day and night switching method, which is applied to a front-end device, and the camera mode of the front-end device includes a color mode and a black-and-white mode.
  • the method includes the following steps.
  • Step S401 When the front-end device works in a black-and-white mode, obtain a camera-calculated illuminance value, current gain value, and / or current signal-to-noise ratio of the front-end device.
  • Step S402 Determine the visible illuminance value according to the ratio of the infrared light or visible light calculated by the camera to the illuminance value and the brightness of the current image frame.
  • step S403 when one of the following second switching conditions is met, the black and white mode is switched to the color mode, and the second switching condition includes:
  • the visible lightness value is greater than a second preset switching threshold value for switching from the black and white mode to the color mode;
  • the current gain value is less than a third preset gain threshold value switched from the black and white mode to the color mode;
  • the current signal-to-noise ratio is greater than a second preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
  • Steps S401 to S403 are similar to the above steps S201 to S203, and are not repeated here.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a day and night switching device 100, as shown in FIG. 4, and is applied to a front-end device.
  • the camera mode of the front-end device includes a color mode and a black and white mode.
  • the day and night switching device 100 includes:
  • An element acquisition module 101 configured to obtain, when the front-end device works in a color mode, a camera-calculated illuminance value, a current image screen brightness, a current gain value, and / or a current signal-to-noise ratio;
  • the day and night mode switching module 102 is configured to switch the color mode to a black and white mode when one of the following first switching conditions is satisfied, the first switching condition includes:
  • the camera calculates the illuminance value is less than a first preset switching threshold value for switching from a color mode to a black and white mode;
  • the brightness of the current image picture is less than the first preset brightness threshold, and the gain of the current image picture is greater than the first preset gain threshold;
  • the brightness of the current image picture is less than a second preset brightness threshold, wherein the first preset brightness threshold is greater than the second preset brightness threshold;
  • the current gain value is greater than a second preset gain threshold
  • the current signal-to-noise ratio is less than a first preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
  • the element obtaining module 101 is further configured to obtain a current illuminance value, a current gain value, and / or a current signal-to-noise ratio of a current image frame when the front-end device works in a black and white mode;
  • the day and night mode switching module 102 is further configured to switch the black and white mode to a color mode when one of the following second switching conditions is satisfied, and the second switching condition includes:
  • the current illuminance value is greater than a second preset switching threshold value for switching from the black and white mode to the color mode;
  • the current gain value is less than a third preset gain threshold value switched from the black and white mode to the color mode;
  • the current signal-to-noise ratio is greater than a second preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold.
  • the method for obtaining the current illumination value of the current image frame by the element obtaining module 101 includes:
  • a visible illuminance value is calculated and used as the current illuminance value of the current image frame.
  • the element obtaining module 101 obtains the second preset switching threshold by the following methods:
  • a preset zoom-in algorithm is used to calculate and obtain the second preset switching threshold.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes a processor and a non-volatile memory storing a plurality of computer instructions, wherein when the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the The electronic device performs the above-mentioned day and night switching method.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a readable storage medium including a computer program, and when the computer program runs, controls the electronic device where the readable storage medium is located to perform the foregoing day and night switching method.
  • the present disclosure provides a day and night switching method, device, electronic device, and readable storage medium. By judging whether or not multiple obtained elements meet preset conditions, accurate day and night switching is achieved.
  • the method is simple and easy to implement and can Meet the day and night switching in different scenarios.

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Abstract

一种昼夜切换方法、装置、电子设备及可读存储介质，在前端设备工作在彩色模式下时，可以通过对多种要素的判断确定是否可以切换为黑白模式。该昼夜切换方法无需为前端设备增加硬件，从而可以降低设备的成本和出现故障的概率。在阈值设置合理的情况下，可以进行准确的昼夜切换，不会出现昼夜模式反复切换的情况，对于一些小场景的昼夜切换也能准确进行，提高昼夜切换的效率和准确度。

Description

昼夜切换方法、装置、电子设备及可读存储介质 技术领域
本公开涉及前端设备控制技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种昼夜切换方法、装置、电子设备及可读存储介质。
背景技术
昼夜切换，是前端摄像装置需具有的一项摄像模式转换功能，是指前端摄像装置基于摄像场景光照强度确定摄像模式是采用彩色摄像模式还是采用黑白摄像模式。传统的自动昼夜切换方案包括基于成像画面亮度的自动昼夜切换方案和基于光敏电阻测光照强度的自动昼夜切换方案。
基于成像画面亮度的自动昼夜切换方案，是在前端摄像装置上预设画面亮度阈值，当成像画面亮度大于或者等于画面亮度阈值，前端摄像装置采用彩色摄像模式摄像同时启用红外截止滤光片；当成像画面亮度小于画面亮度阈值，前端摄像装置采用黑白摄像模式同时移除红外截止滤光片。
基于光敏电阻测光照强度的自动昼夜切换方案，是指在前端摄像装置的镜头外周设置光敏电阻，通过光敏电阻在可见光作用下产生的输出电压大小来决定前端摄像装置的摄像模式。
但无论是采用软件切换方法还是硬件切换方法，在面对复杂的使用场景时，经常出现昼夜切换时机不准确，甚至出现昼夜反复切换的情况。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本公开实施例的目的包括提供一种昼夜切换方法，应用于前端设备，所述前端设备的摄像模式包括彩色模式和黑白模式，该方法包括：
当所述前端设备工作在彩色模式下时，获得所述前端设备的相机计算照度值、当前图像画面的亮度、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比；
当满足以下其中一个第一切换条件时，将所述彩色模式切换为黑白模式，所述第一切换条件包括：
所述相机计算照度值小于由彩色模式切换为黑白模式的第一预设切换阈值；
所述当前图像画面的亮度小于第一预设亮度阈值，且当前图像画面的增益大于第一预设增益阈值；
所述当前图像画面的亮度小于第二预设亮度阈值，其中，所述第一预设亮度阈值大于所述第二预设亮度阈值；
所述当前增益值大于第二预设增益阈值；
所述当前信噪比小于第一预设信噪比阈值。
可选地，当所述前端设备工作在黑白模式下时，获取所述前端设备的相机计算照度值、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比；
根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，确定可见光照度值；
当满足以下其中一个第二切换条件时，将所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式，所述第二切换条件包括：
所述可见光照度值大于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第二预设切换阈值；
所述当前增益值小于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第三预设增益阈值；
所述当前信噪比大于第二预设信噪比阈值。
可选地，根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比，确定可见光照度值步骤包括：
获取所述前端设备的相机计算照度值；
计算所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比；
根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，计算得到可见光照度值。
可选地，通过以下方法获得所述第二预设切换阈值：
获得初始阈值；
计算所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比；
根据所述初始阈值和所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，采用预设放大算法，计算得到所述第二预设切换阈值。
可选地，在判断是否满足所述第二切换条件的步骤之前，该方法还包括：
确定所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比是否小于预设占比；
若所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比小于预设占比，判断所述可见光照度值、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比是否满足所述第二切换条件；
若所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比大于预设占比，保持所述前端设备处于黑白模式。
可选地，预先建立不同光线指标与对应的红外光占比或可见光占比的对应关系，所述光线指标包括G/B值、R/B值、G/R值、白平衡校正值RGain以及白平衡矫正值BGain中的其中一个；获取所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比的步骤包括：
获得所述当前图像画面中的光线指标；
根据所述光线指标与红外光占比的对应关系或者光线指标与可见光占比的对应关 系，采用预设算法确定当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比或可见光的占比。
可选地，所述光线指标包括B/G值和R/G值，获取所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比的步骤还包括：
当所述R/G值满足预设条件时，确定所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比为有效值。
可选地，预先建立灵敏度值与所述光线指标、第二预设切换阈值、第三预设增益阈值的对应关系，其中，所述灵敏度值与所述光线指标的数值具有正相关关系，所述灵敏度值与所述第二预设切换阈值具有负相关关系，所述灵敏度值与所述预设增益阈值具有正相关关系，该方法还包括：
根据设定的灵敏度值以及所述灵敏度值与所述光线指标、第二预设切换阈值、第三预设增益阈值的对应关系，调整所述光线指标、第二预设切换阈值及第三预设增益阈值中的至少一个。
可选地，该方法还包括：
若检测到所述前端设备的昼夜切换频率超过预设频率；计算所述前端设备的昼夜切换频率低于所述预设频率时所对应的第一预设切换阈值、第二预设切换阈值、预设增益阈值中的至少一个，并更新所述第一预设切换阈值、第二预设切换阈值或预设增益阈值。
可选地，该方法还包括：
若检测到所述前端设备的昼夜切换频率超过预设频率；
将所述前端设备锁定为黑白模式，当检测到曝光参数的变化范围超过预设变化范围或者锁定时长超过预设锁定时长，解除所述黑白模式的锁定。
本公开还提供了一种昼夜切换方法，应用于前端设备，所述前端设备的摄像模式包括彩色模式和黑白模式，该方法包括：
当所述前端设备工作在黑白模式下时，获取所述前端设备的相机计算照度值、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比；
根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，确定可见光照度值；
当满足以下其中一个第二切换条件时，将所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式，所述第二切换条件包括：
所述可见光照度值大于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第二预设切换阈值；
所述当前增益值小于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第三预设增益阈值；
所述当前信噪比大于第二预设信噪比阈值。
本公开还提供了一种昼夜切换装置，应用于前端设备，所述前端设备的摄像模式包括彩色模式和黑白模式，该昼夜切换装置包括：
要素获取模块，配置成当所述前端设备工作在彩色模式下时，获得所述前端设备的相机计算照度值、当前图像画面的亮度、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比；
昼夜模式切换模块，配置成当满足以下其中一个第一切换条件时，将所述彩色模式切换为黑白模式，所述第一切换条件包括：
所述相机计算照度值小于由彩色模式切换为黑白模式的第一预设切换阈值；
所述当前图像画面的亮度小于第一预设亮度阈值，且当前图像画面的增益大于第一预设增益阈值；
所述当前图像画面的亮度小于第二预设亮度阈值，其中，所述第一预设亮度阈值大于所述第二预设亮度阈值；
所述当前增益值大于第二预设增益阈值；
所述当前信噪比小于第一预设信噪比阈值。
可选地，所述要素获取模块还配置成当所述前端设备工作在黑白模式下时，获取当前图像画面的当前照度值、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比；
所述昼夜模式切换模块还配置成当满足以下其中一个第二切换条件时，将所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式，所述第二切换条件包括：
所述当前照度值大于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第二预设切换阈值；
所述当前增益值小于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第三预设增益阈值；
所述当前信噪比大于第二预设信噪比阈值。
可选地，所述要素获取模块获得当前图像画面的当前照度值的方法包括：
获取所述当前图像画面的相机计算照度值；
计算所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比；
根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，计算得到可见光照度值，将所述可见光照度值作为所述当前图像画面的当前照度值。
可选地，所述要素获取模块通过以下方法获得所述第二预设切换阈值：
计算所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比；
根据所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，采用预设放大算法，计算得到所述第二预设切换阈值。
本公开还提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括处理器及存储有若干计算机指令的非易失性存储器，其特征在于，所述计算机指令被所述处理器执行时，所述电子设备执行所述的昼夜切换方法。
本公开还提供了一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质包括计算机程序，所述计算机程序运行时控制所述可读存储介质所在电子设备执行所述的昼夜切换方法。
本公开实施例提供一种昼夜切换方法、装置、电子设备及可读存储介质，在前端设备工作在彩色模式下时，可以通过对多种要素的判断确定是否可以切换为黑白模式。该昼夜切换方法无需为前端设备增加硬件，从而可以降低设备的成本和出现故障的概率。在阈值设置合理的情况下，可以进行准确的昼夜切换，不会出现昼夜模式反复切换的情况，此外，对于一些小场景的昼夜切换也能准确进行，提高了昼夜切换的效率和准确度。
为使本公开的上述目的、特征和优点能更明显易懂，下文特举较佳实施例，并配合所附附图，作详细说明如下。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本公开的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本公开较佳实施例提供的昼夜切换方法的流程示意图。
图2为本公开较佳实施例提供的昼夜切换方法的另一流程示意图。
图3为本公开较佳实施例提供的昼夜切换方法的另一流程示意图。
图4为本公开较佳实施例提供的昼夜切换装置的功能模块示意图。
图标：100-昼夜切换装置；101-要素获取模块；102-昼夜模式切换模块。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本公开实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。因此，以下对在附图中提供的本公开的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本公开的范围，而是仅仅表示本公开的选定实施例。基于本公开的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。同时，在本公开的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
前端设备的摄像模式可以包括黑白模式和彩色模式，在不同光线环境中，前端设备可 以通过切换不同的摄像模式进行影像的采集。
当前监控产品中昼夜切换的基本原理是：如果当前光照强度较弱，设备会判断出当前需要将画面调节为黑白，移除红外滤光片IR-Cut并且开启红外光补光，使得红外光与可见光同时进入图像传感器，提升当前场景下的光照强度；如果当前光照强度较强，设备会判断出当前需要将画面调节为彩色，启用IR-Cut来隔绝红外光，只允许可见光进入图像传感器。
在如上过程中，设备判断是极为重要的，当前使用的判断方法主要有两种：硬件方法以及软件方法。硬件方法主要是增加硬件光敏电阻，通过光敏电阻检测设备周围环境的红外强度进行判断。发明人发现，光敏电阻只能检测设备周围环境的红外强度，当前端设备配备了长焦镜头时，光敏电阻阻值就不能准确的反映当前图像内红外光贡献的画面亮度。软件方法是通过设定阈值进行判断，发明人发现，设备不能正常的识别可见光和红外光对当前画面亮度的贡献程度，在有红外光场景和无红外光场景，都使用相同的环境亮度估算方法，导致昼夜切换时机不准确，甚至就会出现昼夜模式反复切换的情况。
此外，还可以将设备置于黑白模式下，统计出全红外以及全可见光时的白平衡统计信息，计算得到一系列光分量的相关参数，根据这些参数计算得到红外光对于整个画面亮度的贡献率，结合贡献率以及画面照度确认当前是否需要从黑白切到彩色；而从彩色切换到黑白则依据的是照度值，当照度值低于一定阈值时，从彩色切到黑白。
上述方案中，彩色模式切换到黑白模式采用的是当前照度作为阈值，但是在快门或者增益受到限制的情况下，存在当前画面亮度很低但是计算出的照度依旧没有达到彩色模式向黑白模式切换的阈值情况，这样就不会切换到黑白模式，并且这样的方案在小场景下存在黑白模式切换为彩色模式灵敏度值低的问题。
为解决上述问题，本发明实施例提供了一种昼夜切换方法，应用于前端设备，所述前端设备的摄像模式包括彩色模式和黑白模式，如图1所示，该方法包括以下步骤。
步骤S101，当所述前端设备工作在彩色模式下时，获得所述前端设备的相机计算照度值、当前图像画面的亮度、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比。
前端设备可以包括处理器，该处理器可以进行工作模式的确定，确定前端设备是工作在彩色模式还是工作在黑白模式。并且该处理器可以执行本申请实施例中昼夜切换方法。当前端设备工作在彩色模式下时，处理器可以以预定的周期进行是否满足切换为黑白模式条件的检测。处理器在进行是否可以切换为黑白模式的检测时，可以基于计算得到的一个或多个参数进行判断。在本公开实施例中，处理器可以计算该前端设备当前的相机计算照度值，相机计算照度值是结合当前画面亮度、曝光增益、快门值以及光圈值其中一个或多个参数计算得到的一个照度值。相机计算照度值是与实际照度值 相对的概念，环境当中的实际照度值可以使用照度计测量测到。由于前端设备的使用场景十分多元复杂，如果仅采用实际测试得到的照度值进行彩色模式向黑白模式的判断，在某些场景下前端设备的快门以及增益值是会受到限制的，如果仍采用曝光增益以及快门值作为判断依据，那么这样的切换判断显然是不准确的，导致本无需从彩色模式切换为黑白模式，而依据错误的判断切换到了黑白模式，影响前端设备的正常拍摄。
步骤S102，当满足以下其中一个第一切换条件时，将所述彩色模式切换为黑白模式，所述第一切换条件可以包括以下几个条件：
(1)所述相机计算照度值小于由彩色模式切换为黑白模式的第一预设切换阈值；
(2)所述当前图像画面的亮度小于第一预设亮度阈值，且当前图像画面的增益大于第一预设增益阈值；
(3)所述当前图像画面的亮度小于第二预设亮度阈值，其中，所述第一预设亮度阈值大于所述第二预设亮度阈值；
(4)所述当前增益值大于第二预设增益阈值；
(5)所述当前信噪比小于第一预设信噪比阈值。
处理器在进行是否可以切换为黑白模式的判断时，可以采用上述多个条件中的一个进行判断。可以根据前端设备实际情况，预先设定第一预设切换阈值，本公开实施例并不限制第一预设切换阈值的大小。如果计算得到的相机计算照度值小于第一预设切换阈值，那么前端设备可以切换为黑白模式。第一预设亮度阈值可以根据前端设备的实际使用场景确定，第一预设增益阈值和第二预设增益阈值的大小也可以根据实际情况确定，本公开实施例并不限制第一预设亮度阈值、第一预设增益阈值和第二预设增益阈值的大小。如果获取得到的当前图像画面亮度小于第一预设亮度阈值，且当前增益大于第一预设增益阈值，表明前端设备符合由彩色模式切换为黑白模式的切换条件，此时可以控制前端设备由彩色模式切换为黑白模式。
此外，基于上述第三条件也可以进行彩色模式向黑白模式切换的判断。第二预设亮度阈值同样可以预先确定，在本公开实施例中，第二预设亮度阈值的大小小于第一预设亮度阈值，可以理解的是，在当前图像画面的亮度小于第二预设亮度阈值时，可以直接切换为黑白模式。在实际场景中，可能会出现相机计算照度值是高于第一预设切换阈值的，即不满足上述第一个切换条件，但是当前图像画面很暗，只有切换为黑白模式才能得到更清晰的影像，且前端设备的快门和增益会在某些情况下处于被限制的状态，因此，可以在当前图像画面的亮度低于第二预设亮度阈值时，将前端设备的拍摄模式由彩色模式切换为黑白模式。
可以理解的是，处理器还可以采用当前图像画面的当前增益值和当前信噪比作为 由彩色模式切换为黑白模式的判断依据。可以判断当前图像画面的增益是否大于第二预设增益阈值，或者判断当前图像画面的信噪比是否低于第一预设信噪比阈值。在增益大于第二预设增益阈值，或者在信噪比低于第一预设信噪比阈值时，同样可以将拍摄模式由彩色模式切换为黑白模式。只要获取到的要素满足上述第一切换条件中的一个，就可以将前端设备由彩色模式切换为黑白模式。
在另一种实施方式中，如图2所示，所述昼夜切换方法还通过以下步骤实现黑白模式向彩色模式的切换。
步骤S201，当所述前端设备工作在黑白模式下时，获取所述前端设备的相机计算照度值、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比。
在前端设备工作在黑白模式下时，可以计算当前图像画面的当前照度值，采用相机当前照度值作为黑白模式向彩色模式切换的判断基准，此外，还可以获取得到当前的增益值一级当前的信噪比，通过对当前增益值或信噪比的判断，确定是否可以切换为彩色模式。
步骤S202，根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，确定可见光照度值。步骤S203，当满足以下其中一个第二切换条件时，将所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式，所述第二切换条件包括以下几种条件。
(1)所述可见光照度值大于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第二预设切换阈值；
(2)所述当前增益值小于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的预设增益阈值。
(3)所述当前信噪比大于第二预设信噪比阈值。
处理器在可见光照度值大于第二预设切换阈值时，可以将黑白模式切换为彩色模式。第二预设切换阈值可以根据前端设备的实际工作场景进行设置，本公开实施例并不限制第二预设切换阈值的实际大小。可见光照度值是基于相机计算照度值计算得到的新的参数，在本公开实施例中，为了避免出现当前相机计算照度值大于第二预设切换阈值，但实际上此时当前图像画面的亮度中由红外光作用的占比是较大的情况，即当前亮度中红外光的占比大于一定阈值，虽然相机计算照度值大于第二预设切换阈值，但此时如果切换到彩色模式，其拍摄的清晰度是不如黑白模式的。因此，在本公开实施例中，在获取可见光照度值时，还需要考虑红外光的占比。
详细的，处理器可以先获得所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比；再根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，计算得到可见光照度值。在计算可见光照度值时，可以采用线性映射或者非线性映射，也可以是两种映射的结合，本公开实施例对于映射方法并不做出限制。例如，当前的相机 计算照度值为N，当前图像画面的亮度中红外光作用的占比为x％，则线性映射下，可见光照度值为M＝N*(100-x)/100。通过计算得到的可见光照度值与第二预设切换阈值进行比较，则可以使得虽然可见光照度值大于初始阈值，但是红外光占比超出了预设阈值，此时仍然保持在黑白模式，而不切换为彩色模式，保证前端设备处于清晰的拍摄模式。
可以理解的是，第二预设增益阈值也可以根据实际情况预先设定。在获取得到的当前增益值小于第二预设增益阈值时，将黑白模式切换为彩色模式。
详细的，可以通过以下方法获得所述第二预设切换阈值：先获得纯可见光情况下制定的初始阈值以及所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比；再根据所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，采用预设放大算法，计算得到所述第二预设切换阈值。
初始阈值可以是在纯可见光的情况下制定的。预设放大算法可以是线性放大，也可以是非线性放大，也可以是两种放大方法的结合，本公开对于预设放大算法并不做出限制。例如，当前的初始阈值为N，红外光的占比为x％，采用线性放大算法计算得到的第二预设切换阈值为M＝N*100/(100-x)。若当前图像画面的亮度全部为红外光作用时，即x＝100时，第二预设切换阈值为无穷大。
在另一种实施方式中，该方法还包括：当所述前端设备工作在黑白模式时，可以先判断当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比是否小于预设占比，若所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比小于预设占比，则再进一步判断所述当前照度值、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比是否满足所述第二切换条件。如果当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比大于预设占比，则保持所述前端设备继续处于黑白模式，而不进行各个参数是否满足第二切换条件的判断。
在某些对红外光占比精度要求不高的情况下，可以采用二值化简单第二切换条件的判断。即当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比小于预设占比，即当前图像画面的亮度是可见光主导，此时启动是否满足第二切换条件的判断，即启动黑白模式向彩色模式切换的判断机制。在红外光高于一定比例时，判定当前图像画面的亮度是红外光主导，此时保持黑白状态不切换。
如上所述，在本公开实施例中，在对当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比进行确定时，可以预先建立不同光线指标对应的红外光占比的对应关系，所述光线指标包括G/B值、R/B值、G/R值、白平衡校正值RGain以及白平衡矫正值BGain中的其中一个。
详细的，可以先构造相关环境，在标准色温灯箱中，标准色温灯箱中设置有红外 灯和可见光灯。先只开红外灯，记录此时的亮度值以及G/B值、R/B值、G/R值、白平衡校正值RGain以及白平衡矫正值BGain中的其中一个。然后关闭红外灯，调节可见光灯的亮度，使得标准色温灯箱中的亮度与只开红外灯的亮度一致，再记录此时的G/B值、R/B值、G/R值、白平衡校正值RGain以及白平衡矫正值BGain中的其中一个。然后再打开红外灯，红外灯的亮度与之前保持一致，此时红外光与可见光的占比各为50％，记录此时的G/B值、R/B值、G/R值、白平衡校正值RGain以及白平衡矫正值BGain中的其中一个。通过多次记录，即可建立不同光线指标与红外光占比的对应关系。例如，在采用B/G值作为与红外光占比对应的光线指标时，可以建立如下表格。
红外光占比 B/G的值
0％ (B/G) 0
25％ (B/G) 25
50％ (B/G) 50
75％ (B/G) 75
100％ (B/G) 100
可以通过测试不同色温下的表现，也可以在前端设备实际应用环境中测试一组值或多组值，算法可以选择其中一组值或多组值或者交叉选择，也可以根据实际环境变化选择。
可以理解的是，在实际应用中，上述查找表不仅局限于B/G值。通过获得前端设备实际场景中的B/G值，通过上述查找表以及线性插指法或其他插值算法，可以得到对应的红外光占比。此外，在利用B/G值确定对应的红外光占比时，还可以依靠R/G值剔除非红外环境下的值，以减小误判。例如，当红外光占比仅选择两个比例0％和100％时，红外光占比的计算公式可以被简化为：P＝(B/G-(B/G) 0)/((B/G) 100-(B/G) 0)。
当R/G满足一定条件时，P值计算有效，否则P＝0，从而排除其他波段光的误判情况。同理结合传感器Sensor的RGB响应曲线，还可以通过判断G/R、R/B、B/R这些光线指标的简单转化，同样可以排除非红外光的影响。
如前所述，在对红外光占比精度要求不高的情况中，可以采用二值化简单第二切换条件的判断。即当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比小于预设占比，即当前图像画面的亮度是可见光主导，此时启动是否满足第二切换条件的判断，即启动黑白模式向彩色模式切换的判断机制。在红外光高于一定比例时，判定当前图像画面的亮度是红 外光主导，此时保持黑白状态不切换。
详细的，当B/G值超过一定值后认为是红外光占主导，即认为红外光的占比高于预设占比；当B/G值低于一定值认为是可见光占主导，即认为红外光的占比低于一定比例，从而使B/G值的大小作为进行保持黑白状态不切换或者启动黑白模式向彩色模式切换的判断机制的判断依据，影响昼夜切换。
可以理解的是，本公开实施例中当前图像画面的光线指标的计算可以先将画面分为M×N块，计算出每块的光线指标(例如R/G、B/G)的平均值，再加权平均计算出整个画面平均的光线指标(例如R/G、B/G)的值。需要哪些统计数据具体要看算法实现，不局限于这两种；可以是基于RGB三分量的各个维度分析。
同理查表法也可以用其他光线指标G/B、R/G、G/R、RGain、BGain作为估算比例值，RGain，BGain也可以建立查表机制，估算红外光比例。实测查表法，不局限于B/G、R/G、G/R、G/B、白平衡校正值RGain、白平衡矫正值BGain一组值判断红外比例，可以是这六种中部分或者全体的组合判断，从而可以增加估算精度，消除误判。
综上所述，本公开实施例中基于Sensor RGB响应特征，对于R、G、B分量以及其衍生(例如：白平衡统计数据和校正数据)进行组合特征分析，结合构造环境或者实际使用环境测量或者标定数据，可以建立各种形式的查找表算法或者列举法、标定法等估算红外光占比或者可见光占比的算法化，用于辅助昼夜模式切换，取代硬件光敏及其衍生应用。
类似的基于Sensor在不同波段光下RGB响应曲线的特征，包含Sensor的RGB统计信息及基于统计信息的衍生(例如白平衡统计信息以及白平衡校正值)，例如：红外光占主导时R、G、B分量满足一定特征，而这些特征是在其他波段下不具有的特征。本公开实施例中的Sensor，它满足在红外光主导下，R、G、B分量接近相等；这种特性在其他光谱下是没有的，因此可以借助此特性估算出红外光的占比；基于R、G、B分量以及其衍生(例如：白平衡统计数据和校正数据)进行组合特征分析。
在另一种实施方式中，为了解决红外线极强(或者小场景红外反射极强)情况下，可见光充足(即切换到彩色模式后可以稳定在彩色模式下)，导致黑切彩不能切换问题。引入切换灵敏度值概念，灵敏度值越高对应越容易切换到彩色模式，灵敏度值越低对应越不容易切换到彩色模式。
详细的，预先建立灵敏度值与所述光线指标、第二预设切换阈值、预设增益阈值的对应关系，其中，所述灵敏度值与所述光线指标的数值具有正相关关系，所述灵敏度值与所述第二预设切换阈值具有负相关关系，所述灵敏度值与所述预设增益阈值具有正相关关系。例如，灵敏度值越高对应(B/G) 0的值越大，灵敏度值越低对应(B/G) 0 的值越小。相应的，根据公式(B/G) 0值越大，计算出的红外线占比越小，即可见光占比越大，越容易从黑白模式切换为彩色模式。
灵敏度值还可以转化成(B/G) 0分量的系数，灵敏度值越高，系数越大；灵敏度值越低，系数越小。此外，灵敏度值也可以对应第二预设切换阈值，灵敏度值越高，对应的第二预设切换阈值越低，或者灵敏度值越高，预设增益阈值越高。灵敏度值越低，对应的第二预设切换阈值越高，或者灵敏度值越高，预设增益阈值越低。上诉(B/G) 0，采用B/G估算红外亮度值时，对应的调整(B/G) 0的值；当估算方案变成(R/G) 0、(G/B) 0、(G/R) 0等光线指标时，灵敏度值调整时，其他光线指标的数值也相应调整。
具体的，该方法还包括：根据设定的灵敏度值以及所述灵敏度值与所述光线指标、第二预设切换阈值、预设增益阈值的对应关系，调整所述光线指标、第二预设切换阈值及第三预设增益阈值中的至少一个。
通过预先设定一灵敏度值，通过调整该灵敏度值可以对应调整一个或多个阈值，从而实现对黑白模式切换为彩色模式的难易程度的调节。
在另一种实施方式中，当上述第一预设切换阈值、第二预设切换阈值等阈值设置不合理时，前端设备可能会陷入频繁切换的情况，为了解决这样的问题，如图3所示，该方法还包括以下步骤。
步骤S301，若检测到所述前端设备的昼夜切换频率超过预设频率。
当检测到前端设备在黑白模式或彩色模式之间切换的频率超过了预设频率时，则确定前端设备进入了频繁切换的状态，表明上述第一切换条件或第二切换条件中的某些阈值设置是不合理的。此时可以通过步骤S302和步骤S303进行调整。
步骤S302，计算所述前端设备的昼夜切换频率低于所述预设频率时所对应的第一预设切换阈值、第二预设切换阈值、预设增益阈值中的至少一个，并更新所述第一预设切换阈值、第二预设切换阈值或预设增益阈值。
在前端设备进入了频繁切换的状态，可以计算设置什么样的阈值使得前端设备不会进行频繁切换，将计算得到的数值对各个阈值重新进行赋值，从而保证前端设备不会频繁进行昼夜切换。
步骤S303，将所述前端设备锁定为黑白模式，当检测到曝光参数的变化范围超过预设变化范围或者锁定时长超过预设锁定时长，解除所述黑白模式的锁定。
在前端设备进入到频繁切换的状态时，还可以将前端设备锁定在黑白模式，并锁定一定时长，当检测到曝光参数的变化范围超过预设变化范围或者锁定时长超过预设锁定时长，解除所述黑白模式的锁定，使得前端设备不会陷入黑白模式和彩色模式的频繁切换。
综上所述，本公开实施例提供了一种昼夜切换方法、装置、电子设备及可读存储介质，在前端设备工作在彩色模式下时，可以通过对多种要素的判断确定是否可以切换为黑白模式。该昼夜切换方法无需为前端设备增加硬件，从而可以降低设备的成本和出现故障的概率。在阈值设置合理的情况下，可以进行准确的昼夜切换，不会出现昼夜模式反复切换的情况，对于一些小场景的昼夜切换也能准确进行，提高昼夜切换的效率和准确度。
此外，在前端设备工作在黑白模式下时，通过计算当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，可以准确的判断当前的场景是否满足切换为彩色模式的条件，从而可以在合适的时间点准确的进行昼夜切换，不会影响前端设备的正常拍摄，切换判断机制简单易实现，准确并且稳定。在阈值设置合理的情况下，不会存在反复切换的情况。即使阈值设置不合理，也可以通过上述优化措施减少反复切换的情况。
本公开实施例还提供了一种昼夜切换方法，应用于前端设备，所述前端设备的摄像模式包括彩色模式和黑白模式，该方法包括以下步骤。
步骤S401，当所述前端设备工作在黑白模式下时，获取所述前端设备的相机计算照度值、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比。
步骤S402，根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，确定可见光照度值。
步骤S403，当满足以下其中一个第二切换条件时，将所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式，所述第二切换条件包括：
所述可见光照度值大于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第二预设切换阈值；
所述当前增益值小于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第三预设增益阈值；
所述当前信噪比大于第二预设信噪比阈值。
步骤S401至步骤S403与上述步骤S201至步骤S203相似，这里不再赘述。
本公开实施例还提供了一种昼夜切换装置100，如图4所示，应用于前端设备，所述前端设备的摄像模式包括彩色模式和黑白模式，该昼夜切换装置100包括：
要素获取模块101，配置成当所述前端设备工作在彩色模式下时，获得所述前端设备的相机计算照度值、当前图像画面的亮度、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比；
昼夜模式切换模块102，配置成当满足以下其中一个第一切换条件时，将所述彩色模式切换为黑白模式，所述第一切换条件包括：
所述相机计算照度值小于由彩色模式切换为黑白模式的第一预设切换阈值；
所述当前图像画面的亮度小于第一预设亮度阈值，且当前图像画面的增益大于第一预设增益阈值；
所述当前图像画面的亮度小于第二预设亮度阈值，其中，所述第一预设亮度阈值大于所述第二预设亮度阈值；
所述当前增益值大于第二预设增益阈值；
所述当前信噪比小于第一预设信噪比阈值。
进一步地，所述要素获取模块101还配置成当所述前端设备工作在黑白模式下时，获取当前图像画面的当前照度值、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比；
所述昼夜模式切换模块102还配置成当满足以下其中一个第二切换条件时，将所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式，所述第二切换条件包括：
所述当前照度值大于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第二预设切换阈值；
所述当前增益值小于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第三预设增益阈值；
所述当前信噪比大于第二预设信噪比阈值。
进一步地，所述要素获取模块101获得当前图像画面的当前照度值的方法包括：
获取所述当前图像画面的相机计算照度值；
计算所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比；
根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，计算得到可见光照度值，将所述可见光照度值作为所述当前图像画面的当前照度值。
进一步地，所述要素获取模块101通过以下方法获得所述第二预设切换阈值：
计算所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比；
根据所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，采用预设放大算法，计算得到所述第二预设切换阈值。
本公开实施例还提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括处理器及存储有若干计算机指令的非易失性存储器，其特征在于，所述计算机指令被所述处理器执行时，所述电子设备执行上述昼夜切换方法。
本公开实施例还提供了一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质包括计算机程序，所述计算机程序运行时控制所述可读存储介质所在电子设备执行上述的昼夜切换方法。
以上所述仅为本公开的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本公开，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本公开可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟 悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。
工业实用性
本公开提供了一种昼夜切换方法、装置、电子设备及可读存储介质，通过对获取到的多个要素进行是否满足预设条件的判断，实现准确的昼夜切换，该方法简单易实现，能够满足不同场景下的昼夜切换。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种昼夜切换方法，其特征在于，应用于前端设备，所述前端设备的摄像模式包括彩色模式和黑白模式，该方法包括：
    当所述前端设备工作在彩色模式下时，获得所述前端设备的相机计算照度值、当前图像画面的亮度、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比；
    当满足以下其中一个第一切换条件时，将所述彩色模式切换为黑白模式，所述第一切换条件包括：
    所述相机计算照度值小于由彩色模式切换为黑白模式的第一预设切换阈值；
    所述当前图像画面的亮度小于第一预设亮度阈值，且当前图像画面的增益大于第一预设增益阈值；
    所述当前图像画面的亮度小于第二预设亮度阈值，其中，所述第一预设亮度阈值大于所述第二预设亮度阈值；
    所述当前增益值大于第二预设增益阈值；
    所述当前信噪比小于第一预设信噪比阈值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的昼夜切换方法，其特征在于，当所述前端设备工作在黑白模式下时，获取所述前端设备的相机计算照度值、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比；
    根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，确定可见光照度值；
    当满足以下其中一个第二切换条件时，将所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式，所述第二切换条件包括：
    所述可见光照度值大于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第二预设切换阈值；
    所述当前增益值小于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第三预设增益阈值；
    所述当前信噪比大于第二预设信噪比阈值。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的昼夜切换方法，其特征在于，根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比，确定可见光照度值步骤包括：
    获取所述前端设备的相机计算照度值；
    计算所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比；
    根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，计算得到可见光照度值。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的昼夜切换方法，其特征在于，通过以下方法获得所述第二预设切换阈值：
    获得初始阈值；
    计算所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比；
    根据所述初始阈值和所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，采用预设放大算法，计算得到所述第二预设切换阈值。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的昼夜切换方法，其特征在于，在判断是否满足所述第二切换条件的步骤之前，该方法还包括：
    确定所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比是否小于预设占比；
    若所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比小于预设占比，判断所述可见光照度值、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比是否满足所述第二切换条件；
    若所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比大于预设占比，保持所述前端设备处于黑白模式。
  6. 根据权利要求3至5任意一项所述的昼夜切换方法，其特征在于，预先建立不同光线指标与对应的红外光占比或可见光占比的对应关系，所述光线指标包括G/B值、R/B值、G/R值、白平衡校正值RGain以及白平衡矫正值BGain中的其中一个；获取所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比的步骤包括：
    获得所述当前图像画面中的光线指标；
    根据所述光线指标与红外光占比的对应关系或者光线指标与可见光占比的对应关系，采用预设算法确定当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比或可见光的占比。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的昼夜切换方法，其特征在于，所述光线指标包括B/G值和R/G值，获取所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比的步骤还包括：
    当所述R/G值满足预设条件时，确定所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光的占比为有效值。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的昼夜切换方法，其特征在于，预先建立灵敏度值与所述光线指标、第二预设切换阈值、第三预设增益阈值的对应关系，其中，所述灵敏度值与所述光线指标的数值具有正相关关系，所述灵敏度值与所述第二预设切换阈值具有负相关关系，所述灵敏度值与所述预设增益阈值具有正相关关系，该方法还包括：
    根据设定的灵敏度值以及所述灵敏度值与所述光线指标、第二预设切换阈值、第三预设增益阈值的对应关系，调整所述光线指标、第二预设切换阈值及第三预设增益阈值中的至少一个。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的昼夜切换方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括：
    若检测到所述前端设备的昼夜切换频率超过预设频率；计算所述前端设备的昼夜切换频率低于所述预设频率时所对应的第一预设切换阈值、第二预设切换阈值、预设增益阈值中的至少一个，并更新所述第一预设切换阈值、第二预设切换阈值或预设增 益阈值。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的昼夜切换方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括：
    若检测到所述前端设备的昼夜切换频率超过预设频率；
    将所述前端设备锁定为黑白模式，当检测到曝光参数的变化范围超过预设变化范围或者锁定时长超过预设锁定时长，解除所述黑白模式的锁定。
  11. 一种昼夜切换方法，其特征在于，应用于前端设备，所述前端设备的摄像模式包括彩色模式和黑白模式，该方法包括：
    当所述前端设备工作在黑白模式下时，获取所述前端设备的相机计算照度值、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比；
    根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，确定可见光照度值；
    当满足以下其中一个第二切换条件时，将所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式，所述第二切换条件包括：
    所述可见光照度值大于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第二预设切换阈值；
    所述当前增益值小于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第三预设增益阈值；
    所述当前信噪比大于第二预设信噪比阈值。
  12. 一种昼夜切换装置，其特征在于，应用于前端设备，所述前端设备的摄像模式包括彩色模式和黑白模式，该昼夜切换装置包括：
    要素获取模块，配置成当所述前端设备工作在彩色模式下时，获得所述前端设备的相机计算照度值、当前图像画面的亮度、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比；
    昼夜模式切换模块，配置成当满足以下其中一个第一切换条件时，将所述彩色模式切换为黑白模式，所述第一切换条件包括：
    所述相机计算照度值小于由彩色模式切换为黑白模式的第一预设切换阈值；
    所述当前图像画面的亮度小于第一预设亮度阈值，且当前图像画面的增益大于第一预设增益阈值；
    所述当前图像画面的亮度小于第二预设亮度阈值，其中，所述第一预设亮度阈值大于所述第二预设亮度阈值；
    所述当前增益值大于第二预设增益阈值；
    所述当前信噪比小于第一预设信噪比阈值。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的昼夜切换装置，其特征在于，所述要素获取模块还配置成当所述前端设备工作在黑白模式下时，获取当前图像画面的当前照度值、当前增益值和/或当前信噪比；
    所述昼夜模式切换模块还配置成当满足以下其中一个第二切换条件时，将所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式，所述第二切换条件包括：
    所述当前照度值大于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第二预设切换阈值；
    所述当前增益值小于由所述黑白模式切换为彩色模式的第三预设增益阈值；
    所述当前信噪比大于第二预设信噪比阈值。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的昼夜切换装置，其特征在于，所述要素获取模块获得当前图像画面的当前照度值的方法包括：
    获取所述当前图像画面的相机计算照度值；
    计算所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比；
    根据所述相机计算照度值和当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，计算得到可见光照度值，将所述可见光照度值作为所述当前图像画面的当前照度值。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的昼夜切换装置，其特征在于，所述要素获取模块通过以下方法获得所述第二预设切换阈值：
    计算所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比；
    根据所述当前图像画面的亮度中红外光或可见光的占比，采用预设放大算法，计算得到所述第二预设切换阈值。
  16. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括处理器及存储有若干计算机指令的非易失性存储器，其特征在于，所述计算机指令被所述处理器执行时，所述电子设备执行权利要求1-10中任意一项所述的昼夜切换方法。
  17. 一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质包括计算机程序，其特征在于：
    所述计算机程序运行时控制所述可读存储介质所在电子设备执行权利要求1-10中任意一项所述的昼夜切换方法。
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