WO2020052045A1 - 上下料装置、上下料方法以及热弯机 - Google Patents
上下料装置、上下料方法以及热弯机 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020052045A1 WO2020052045A1 PCT/CN2018/114793 CN2018114793W WO2020052045A1 WO 2020052045 A1 WO2020052045 A1 WO 2020052045A1 CN 2018114793 W CN2018114793 W CN 2018114793W WO 2020052045 A1 WO2020052045 A1 WO 2020052045A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- loading
- unloading device
- bending machine
- cylinder
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
- C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
- C03B23/03—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by press-bending between shaping moulds
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of glass manufacturing, in particular to a loading and unloading device, a loading and unloading method, and a hot bending machine.
- the production and processing of curved cover glass is to place the flat cover glass in a mold (that is, feeding) at room temperature, and then heat (about 700 °C), press in a hot bending equipment, and then gradually cool to Form at room temperature, and finally remove the formed curved cover glass from the mold (ie, cut).
- a mold that is, feeding
- heat about 700 °C
- press in a hot bending equipment press in a hot bending equipment
- gradually cool to Form at room temperature and finally remove the formed curved cover glass from the mold (ie, cut).
- the problem with the prior art is that each set of molds (including the upper mold and the lower mold) and each piece of glass must undergo the process of heating from room temperature to high temperature and then cooling from high temperature to room temperature. A large amount of thermal energy is required to heat the mold. Repeatedly heating and cooling the mold in this way will increase energy consumption and is not conducive to improving work efficiency.
- the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a loading and unloading device, a loading and unloading method, and a hot bending machine.
- the glass is cooled together, which reduces energy consumption and improves work efficiency.
- an aspect of the present invention provides a loading and unloading device, including: a rack having a heat insulation channel; and a transfer mechanism for moving a mold along the heat insulation channel from The exit of the bending machine is moved to the entrance of the bending machine, so that the mold is always maintained at a first temperature higher than room temperature during the process of moving, opening and closing the mold.
- a second aspect of the present invention provides a hot bending machine, comprising a hot bending machine body and the above-mentioned loading and unloading device, the loading and unloading device is disposed between an outlet and an inlet of the hot bending machine body.
- the invention also provides a loading and unloading method, which includes the following steps: S1, removing the mold from the hot bending machine; S2, maintaining the mold at a first temperature higher than room temperature, separating the upper mold of the mold from Lower mold; S3. Remove the semi-finished glass from the lower mold, and place the semi-finished glass in a heat-preserving space whose temperature is higher than room temperature and lower than the first temperature; S4, send the glass to be heat-bent to Heating in the heat preservation space; S5, placing the heated glass to be bent on the lower mold and closing the mold; S6, sending the mold carrying the glass to be bent to the heat to Processing in a hot bending machine.
- the heat insulation channel of the rack keeps the mold at a first temperature higher than the room temperature during the process of moving, opening and closing the mold. Since the mold always works at the first temperature, it does not experience This heating and cooling process from high temperature to room temperature to high temperature reduces heat energy consumption, achieves the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction, and reduces production costs.
- the semi-finished glass formed by hot bending of the hot bending machine is taken out of the hot bending machine and cooled directly to room temperature, internal stress, cracks, and damage may occur. Therefore, the semi-finished glass is first put into the heating mechanism through a window. In the cavity of the shell, the temperature is slowly lowered to a temperature higher than the room temperature in the heat preservation space of the cavity. During the above-mentioned cooling process, because the temperature of the semi-finished glass drops slowly, its internal structure is stabilized during the cooling process. There will be no problems such as internal stress, cracks, damage, etc.
- the semi-finished glass with a stable internal structure that is cooled to a certain temperature higher than room temperature is finally taken out of the shell, and then it can enter the next process.
- the glass to be bent at room temperature is first placed in a heat-preserving space and heated to a temperature higher than room temperature before being heated. Bending processing can make the glass get better performance in the hot bending process.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a loading and unloading device according to the present invention
- Figure 2 is a bottom view of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a rack of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a rear view of Figure 3;
- Figure 5 is a bottom view of Figure 3;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a hanging mold mechanism of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a transfer mechanism of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a bottom view of Figure 7;
- FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a cleaning mechanism of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a heating mechanism of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view of FIG. 10;
- FIG. 12 is a left perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a feeding member of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a front perspective view of FIG. 12;
- FIG. 14 is a plan view of FIG. 12;
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a lower heating plate
- 16 is a perspective view of an upper heating plate
- 17 is a perspective view of a turntable
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of several stations of the heating mechanism.
- the loading and unloading device of the present invention includes a frame 100 and a transfer mechanism 300; the frame 100 has a heat insulation channel; and the transfer mechanism 300 is used to move the mold from the heat bending machine along the heat insulation channel.
- the outlet moves to the entrance of the bending machine, so that the mold is always maintained at a first temperature higher than room temperature during the process of moving, opening and closing the mold.
- the transfer mechanism 300 keeps the mold in the heat insulation channel during the process of moving, opening and closing the mold when the mold is transferred, that is, Keep the mold at the first temperature above room temperature. Because the mold always works at the first temperature, it does not experience such heating and cooling processes from high temperature to room temperature to high temperature, thereby reducing the heat energy consumption, achieving the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction, and reducing production costs.
- the charging device may also be provided with a lifting mechanism 200 for opening and closing the mold, a cleaning mechanism 400 for cleaning the working surface of the mold, and a heating mechanism 500 for realizing the function of holding heat and cooling or heating.
- the picking device for removing the glass from the mold or putting the glass into the mold may be an external device, or may be provided in a loading and unloading device.
- the loading and unloading device of the present invention includes a frame 100, a hanging mold mechanism 200, a transfer mechanism 300, a cleaning mechanism 400, and a heating mechanism 500.
- the rack 100 has a heat insulation passage.
- the mold lifting mechanism 200 is configured to perform mold opening and closing on a mold located in the first position.
- the transfer mechanism 300 is used to move the mold along the insulation channel from the exit of the bending machine to the entrance of the bending machine, so that the mold is always maintained at a first temperature higher than room temperature during the process of moving, opening and closing the mold. .
- the cleaning mechanism 400 cleans the surface to be cleaned of the upper mold and / or the lower mold of the mold after the mold is opened at the first position.
- the heating mechanism 500 is used to maintain the glass to be heat-bent or the semi-finished glass removed from the mold at a temperature higher than the room temperature and lower than the first temperature.
- the mold exiting the hot bending machine is loaded with the semi-finished glass that has been heat-bent.
- the mold carrying the semi-finished glass enters the heat insulation passage of the rack 100, and the transfer mechanism 300 transfers the mold from the hot bending machine.
- the lifting mold mechanism 200 sucks the upper mold of the mold to open the mold, remove the semi-finished glass from the lower mold manually or using a picking device, and put the semi-finished glass in
- the temperature is slowly reduced, and at the same time, the cleaning mechanism 400 is operated to purge and clean the surfaces of the upper mold and the lower mold.
- the heated glass to be bent is taken out from another heating mechanism 500, the glass to be bent is placed on the lower mold, and the upper mold is lowered by the lifting mechanism 200 to close the mold. After the mold is closed, the glass to be bent is loaded, and the transfer mechanism 300 is started again to move the mold from the first position to the entrance of the bending machine to perform the bending process of the glass to be bent.
- the above is the complete loading and unloading workflow.
- the mold is always located in the insulation channel during the process of moving, opening, and closing, that is, the mold is always maintained at the first temperature higher than room temperature, and has not experienced from high temperature to room temperature to high temperature.
- This heating and cooling process reduces heat energy consumption, achieves the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction, and reduces production costs.
- the semi-finished glass formed by hot bending of the hot bending machine is directly cooled to room temperature after being taken out of the hot bending machine, problems such as internal stress, cracks, and damage may occur. Therefore, the semi-finished glass is slowly passed through the heating mechanism 500 first. The temperature is lowered to a certain temperature higher than the room temperature.
- the temperature of the semi-finished glass drops slowly, its internal structure is stabilized during the cooling process without internal stress, cracks, and damage. Therefore, the temperature will eventually be reduced.
- the semi-finished glass with stable internal structure up to a certain temperature higher than room temperature is taken out of the shell, and then it can enter the next process.
- the glass to be bent at room temperature is first placed in a heat-preserving space and heated to a temperature higher than room temperature before being heated. Bending processing can make the glass get better performance in the hot bending process.
- the preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided below to explain the frame 100, the hanging mold mechanism 200, the transfer mechanism 300, the cleaning mechanism 400, and the heating mechanism 500, respectively.
- the rack 100 includes a cover plate, a bottom plate 123, and a side plate.
- the cover plate, the bottom plate 123, and the side plate collectively define a heat insulation channel.
- the heat insulation channel of the rack 100 should be set to the first temperature, and the mold is always placed in the heat insulation channel to maintain the first temperature. Since the mold does not cool to room temperature, energy consumption is saved.
- the frame 100 may be provided in various forms, as long as the heat preservation channel can make the mold always complete the movement, mold opening, and mold closing action at the first temperature.
- the rack 100 of the present invention includes a left upper cover 101, a heating mechanism support base 102, a side guide bar 103, a side door 104, a side door cylinder seat 105, and a side door cylinder 106.
- X is the insertion port of the blowing pipe assembly 406 of the cleaning mechanism 400
- Q is the insertion port of the suction cup fixing seat 203 of the lifting mechanism 200, and preferred embodiments of the lifting mechanism 200 and the cleaning mechanism 400 will be explained below.
- the cover plate includes a left upper cover 101, an upper cover 107, and a right rear upper cover 109.
- the side plate includes a side seal plate 113, a front seal plate 114, a rear side seal plate 115, and a rear seal plate 120.
- the left upper cover 101, the upper cover 107, the right upper cover 110, the side seal plate 113, the front seal plate 114, the rear seal plate 120, and the bottom plate 123 are all made of double-layer materials.
- the inner layer is made of a metal material and the outer layer is insulated. material.
- the left upper cover 101, the right upper cover 110, the front sealing plate 114, the rear sealing plate 120, the bottom plate 123, the brush strip 122, the rear side sealing plate 115, and the right rear upper cover 109 together constitute a first transfer portion and a first moving portion for the mold to move.
- the left and right side sealing plates 113, the side door 104 and the upper cover 107, the front door 111, the rear sealing plate 120, the bottom plate 123, and the brush bar 122 constitute an operation part for the mold to perform mold opening and closing operations in the first position.
- the front door 111 and the two side doors 104 fall to close the operation part, and the exhaust gas is discharged through the dust suction joint 116 communicating with the external dust suction pipe.
- the front guide bar 112 and the side guide bar 103 lift up and down the front door 111 and the side door 104. Guiding effect.
- the pressing cylinder 117, the pressing cylinder seat 118, the pressing plate seat 119 and the pressing plate (not shown in the figure, are placed in the pressing plate seat 119) constitute a pressing piece, which is installed on the rear sealing plate 120.
- the pressing plate is supported and guided by the pressing plate seat 119 .
- the two front and rear brush bars 122 are made of high temperature resistant material, and are relatively close together.
- the two brush bar pressing plates 121 are pressed and fixed on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 123 to facilitate the front fork 304 and the rear dial of the transfer mechanism 300
- the free movement of the fork 308 can also ensure the sealing performance of the mold transfer channel.
- a preferred embodiment of the transfer mechanism 300 will be explained below.
- the dust suction joint 116 is connected to the external dust suction duct, and the mold is moved by the front fork 304 and the rear fork 307 to move in the heat preservation passage.
- the front door cylinder 108 and the side door cylinder 106 control the elevation of the front door 111 and the side door 104, respectively.
- the pressing cylinder 117 controls the movement of the pressing plate.
- the lifting mold mechanism 200 includes a mounting seat, a picking member, and a linear module 202; the picking member can grasp or release the upper mold of the mold; the linear module 202 is provided on the mounting seat and is used to drive the picking member in a vertical direction to make the mold Perform mold opening and closing.
- the mold lifting mechanism 200 is configured to perform mold opening and closing on a mold located at a first position in the heat insulation passage.
- the mold lifting mechanism 200 may include various forms, as long as it can lift the upper mold to perform mold opening and lower the upper mold to perform mold clamping.
- the hanging mold mechanism 200 of the present invention includes a linear module mounting base 201, a linear module 202, a suction cup fixing base 203, and a suction cup 204.
- V is an interface of an external vacuum line of the suction cup fixing seat 203
- W is a vacuum suction port of the suction cup 204.
- the linear module mounting base 201 is fixed on the upper cover 107 of the rack 100.
- the linear module 202 is fixed on the linear module mounting base 201, and a suction cup fixing base 203 is mounted thereon.
- a high-temperature-resistant suction cup 204 is fixed under the suction cup fixing seat 203.
- the vacuum suction port W communicates with the interface V through the gas path in the suction cup fixing seat 203, and V is connected to a vacuum air source.
- the role of the suction cup 204 is to hold the upper mold during operation.
- the linear module 202 includes a driving device (preferably a servo motor), a ball screw and a linear guide, in order to maintain an accurate position when the upper mold and the lower mold are closed, and at the same time, the upper mold position is different when the lower mold is closed and the upper mold is closed. Need.
- a driving device preferably a servo motor
- a ball screw and a linear guide
- the suction cup 204 is made of a high temperature resistant elastic material.
- the interface V is connected to a vacuum air source.
- the linear module 202 drives the suction cup holder 203 and the suction cup 204 to come into contact with the upper surface of the upper mold and then connects to the air source. After the suction cup 204 sucks the upper mold, it rises until it is in the mold again. After the glass is filled, it falls. When the upper mold is placed on the glass, the vacuum is cut off and the upper mold is released from the suction cup 204. Then the linear module 202 drives the suction cup fixing seat 203 and the suction cup 204 to rise again.
- the height position of the upper mold is different.
- the position of the upper mold before the glass bending is higher than the position of the upper mold after the glass is bending. high.
- the transfer mechanism 300 includes a main support base, a driving cylinder, and a transfer member; the main support base is disposed between the exit and the inlet of the hot bending machine; the drive cylinder is disposed on the main support base, and the driving cylinder includes an outlet capable of being connected to the hot bending machine. Slider moving from the inlet; the transfer member is arranged on the slider, the transfer member is used to contact the end of the mold and move the mold from the exit of the bending machine to the bending of the heat during the movement with the slider Machine entrance.
- the transfer mechanism 300 is used to move the mold along the insulation channel from the exit of the bending machine to the entrance of the bending machine, so that the mold is always maintained at a first temperature higher than room temperature during the process of moving, opening and closing the mold. .
- the transfer member includes a forward transfer member provided on the front slider and a rear transfer member provided on the rear slider. Both the forward moving member and the rear moving member include a lifting mechanism and a fork lifted by the lifting mechanism.
- the transfer mechanism 300 may be provided in various forms, as long as the mold can be moved from the exit of the bending machine to the entrance of the bending machine along the insulation channel.
- the transfer mechanism 300 includes a front towline coupling block 301, a front fork cylinder 302, a gland 303, a front fork 304, and a front fork slider. 305, rear rodless cylinder slider 306, rear fork slider 307, rear fork 308, front cylinder support 309, rear cylinder support 310, rear rodless cylinder 311, front rodless cylinder 312, front towline 313 , Rear drag chain 314, rear drag chain connection block 315, front drag chain seat 316, rear drag chain seat 317, rear fork cylinder 318, front fork cylinder seat 319, front rodless cylinder slider 320, and rear fork cylinder Block 321.
- the front support seat and the rear support seat of the main support seat are the front cylinder support seat 309 and the rear cylinder support seat 310, respectively.
- the front drive cylinder and the rear drive cylinder are a front rodless cylinder 312 and a rear rodless cylinder 311.
- the front slider and the rear slider are a front rodless cylinder slider 320 and a rear rodless cylinder slider 306.
- the lifting mechanism includes a front fork slider 305 and a rear fork slider 307.
- the fork cylinder of the lifting mechanism is divided into a front fork cylinder 302 and a rear fork cylinder 318.
- the forks are the front fork 304 and the rear fork 308.
- the front drag chain coupling block 301 is fixed on a hot bending machine (not shown in the figure), the rear drag chain 313 is connected to the rear, and the other end of the front drag chain 313 is connected to the front drag chain seat 316.
- the front drag chain seat 316 is fixed to the bottom of the front fork cylinder seat 319.
- the front fork cylinder seat 319 is fixed on the front rodless cylinder slider 320 of the front rodless cylinder 312, and the front fork cylinder 302 is fixed thereon.
- the rear towline coupling block 315 is fixed on the hot bending machine, the lower towline 314 is connected to the lower side, the front towline 314 is connected to the rear towline seat 317, and the rear towline seat 317 is fixed to the bottom of the rear fork cylinder seat 321.
- the rear fork cylinder seat 321 is fixed on the rodless cylinder slider 306 of the rear rodless cylinder 311, and the rear fork cylinder 318 is fixed thereon.
- the front fork slider 305 and the rear fork slider 307 are fixed to the front fork cylinder seat 319 and the rear fork cylinder seat 321, respectively.
- the gland 303 together with the front fork slider 305 and the rear fork slider 307, guides the front fork 304 and the rear fork 308 to vertically lift, respectively.
- the front fork 304 and the rear fork 308 are respectively connected to the piston rod ends of the front fork cylinder 302 and the rear fork cylinder 318, and are pushed up and down by the front fork cylinder 302 and the rear fork cylinder 318.
- the front rodless cylinder 312 and the rear rodless cylinder 311 are fixed to the front cylinder support 309 and the rear cylinder support 310, respectively.
- the front fork 304 is below the frontmost position, and the rear fork 308 is below the rearmost position.
- the front fork cylinder 302 is activated to raise the front fork 304, and then the front rodless cylinder 312 moves to move the mold to the first position, and then the front fork 304 follows the front.
- the fork cylinder 302 and the front rodless cylinder 312 are reset back to the front lower position, and at the same time, the rear fork 308 is moved below the first position by the rear rodless cylinder 311.
- the rear shifter cylinder 318 pushes the rear shifter 308 up and pushes the mold to the rearmost position under the action of the rear rodless cylinder 311.
- the rear shifter 308 descends to complete the mold transfer. Load work.
- an inductive switch and a control device can also be provided on the transfer mechanism 300.
- the inductive switch will detect the mold and send a mold in-position signal, and the control device receives After the signal, the front fork cylinder 302 is controlled to raise the front fork 304.
- the cleaning mechanism 400 includes a driving unit and a cleaning member; the driving unit includes a driving member capable of reciprocating movement; the cleaning member is connected to the driving member and is driven by the driving member when the mold is opened to pass through the upper and / or lower molds of the mold. Clean the surface and clean the surface to be cleaned.
- the driving unit may be provided in various forms, for example, the driving unit uses a hydraulic cylinder to drive the cleaning member to move.
- the cleaning member may also be provided in various forms, for example, using a physical method such as a brush to clean the surface to be cleaned.
- the cleaning mechanism 400 includes a driving unit (for example, a cylinder 401, a cylinder block 402, a cylinder coupling block 403, a linear guide assembly 404), a trachea fixing seat 405, and a cleaning member (for example, the blow pipe assembly 406) and the sealing seat 407.
- a driving unit for example, a cylinder 401, a cylinder block 402, a cylinder coupling block 403, a linear guide assembly 404
- a trachea fixing seat 405 for example, the blow pipe assembly 406 and the sealing seat 407.
- the air cylinder 401 is mounted on the air cylinder seat 402, and the air cylinder seat 402 is disposed on the frame 100.
- the air cylinder 401 may be disposed on the upper cover plate 501 of the heating mechanism 500.
- the cylinder connecting block 403 connects the piston rod of the cylinder 401 with the slider of the linear guide assembly 404, and the air pipe fixing seat 405 fixes the blowing pipe assembly 406 on the slider of the linear guide assembly 404.
- the blowing pipe assembly 406 is formed by welding an intake pipe with a straight pipe having a plurality of upper blowing nozzles Y and a plurality of lower blowing nozzles Z, and a shaft seal in a sealing seat 407 is set on the intake pipe.
- the sealing seat 407 is fixed on the side sealing plate 113 of the frame 100.
- the stroke of the cylinder 401 is determined by the width dimension of the mold, and its stroke must ensure that the mold can be cleaned in the width direction.
- the length of the straight pipe of the blower pipe assembly 406 and the number and distribution of the upper blower nozzles Y and the lower blower nozzles Z are determined by the length of the mold, and the length and distribution range must ensure the length of the mold. All get cleaned.
- the diameter of the upper blowing nozzle Y and the lower blowing nozzle Z may be different. It is determined by the distance from the upper mold and the lower mold, to ensure a certain air pressure when the air blows to the surface of the mold, so as to have a sufficient cleaning effect.
- the cleaning mechanism 400 may also be provided with a speed regulating valve, and the back-and-forth movement speed of the blowing pipe assembly 406 may be controlled by a speed regulating valve installed on the air cylinder 401.
- the air inlet pipe of the blowpipe assembly 406 When working, the air inlet pipe of the blowpipe assembly 406 is connected to an external high-pressure air source.
- the high-pressure air source When the upper mold is separated and raised from the lower mold, and the hot-curved glass is removed from the lower mold, the high-pressure air source is connected, and then the air cylinder 401 is controlled by the air cylinder 401 to push the linear guide of the air pipe assembly 406 on the linear guide assembly 404. It moves back and forth under the action, and high-pressure gas is ejected from the upper and lower blowing nozzles Y and Z to clean the surface to be cleaned of the glass.
- the sealing seat 407 fitted on the air inlet pipe of the air blowing pipe assembly 406 plays a sealing role to prevent the gas in the rack 100 from leaking to pollute the external environment.
- close the high-pressure gas source In time. During the cleaning process, the rack 100 is closed, and only one exhaust port communicates with the external dust removal duct.
- the heating mechanism 500 includes a casing having a cavity, a heating element, and a feeding element; a window 530 communicating with the cavity is provided on the casing; and a heating element is disposed in the casing so that the cavity forming temperature is higher than room temperature and lower than A temperature-maintaining space at a first temperature; the feeding member is disposed in the casing, and the feeding member can carry the glass in the cavity and pass through the window 530 to transfer the glass between the cavity and the exterior of the casing through the window 530.
- the casing is designed in various forms as long as it has a cavity therein, for example, the upper cover plate 501, the lower bottom plate 524, and the surrounding plate 525 in the following preferred embodiments may be used together.
- the heating element can be designed in various forms, for example, the heating tube and the thermocouple in the following preferred embodiments are adopted.
- the feeding part can also be designed in various forms, as long as the glass can be transferred between the cavity and the outside of the housing through the window 530, for example, a robot, a conveyor belt, or a turntable 502 in the preferred embodiment below can be used.
- the heating mechanism 500 is mounted on the heating mechanism support base 102 of the frame 100.
- the heating mechanism 500 includes an upper cover plate 501, a turntable 502, a shaft seat 503, a lower bearing 504, a lower heating plate 505, an upper heating tube 506, a lower heating tube 507, an upper heating plate 508, and an upper bearing 509, bearing 510, bushing 511, shaft 512, positioner 513, positioner seat 514, ratchet 515, shaft end cover 516, swing arm 517, swing arm pin 518, cylinder connection block 519, cylinder 520, cylinder seat 521 , A pawl 522, a tension spring 523, a lower bottom plate 524, and a surrounding plate 525.
- A is the glass to be bent
- B is the steel ball of the positioner 513
- C is the positioning recess on the rotating shaft 512
- D is the left heating pipe mounting hole of the lower heating plate 505
- E is the left of the lower heating plate 505
- Thermocouple mounting holes F is the middle heating pipe mounting hole of the lower heating plate 505
- G is the right thermocouple mounting hole of the lower heating plate 505
- H is the right heating pipe mounting hole of the lower heating plate 505
- I is the upper heating plate 508 Of the left heating pipe mounting hole
- J is the left thermocouple mounting hole of the upper heating plate 508,
- K is the middle heating pipe mounting hole of the upper heating plate 508,
- L is the right thermocouple mounting hole of the upper heating plate 508, and M is upper heating
- N is the screw hole connected with the rotating shaft 512
- O is the glass support inclined surface of the glass support window of the turntable 502
- P is the glass positioning surface of the glass support window of the turntable 502
- the upper cover plate 501, the lower bottom plate 524, and the surrounding plate 525 together constitute a housing having a cavity.
- the upper cover plate 501 and the lower bottom plate 524 are provided with openings extending to the edges to form a window 530.
- the heating element includes a lower heating plate 505, an upper heating tube 506, a lower heating tube 507, an upper heating plate 508, and a thermocouple.
- the upper cover plate 501, the lower bottom plate 524, and the surrounding plate 525 are heat-preserving layers made of a heat-insulating material, and include an upper heating plate 508 and a lower heating plate 505.
- the upper heating tube 506 is installed in the heating tube installation hole of the upper heating plate 508, and the lower heating tube 507 is installed in the heating tube installation hole of the lower heating plate 505.
- Four thermocouples are installed in the thermocouple mounting holes of the upper heating plate 508 and the thermocouple mounting holes of the lower heating plate 505, respectively.
- the upper heating plate 508 and the lower heating plate 505 are mated together to form a circular thermal insulation space inside, and the turntable 502 rotates in the thermal insulation space.
- the turntable 502 is fixed to the bottom end of the rotation shaft 512 through a screw hole N.
- the rotating shaft 512 is sleeved on the rotating shaft base 503 through the upper bearing 509 and the lower bearing 504 and the bushing 511.
- the rotating shaft base 503 is installed on the upper cover plate 501, and the positioner base 514 is fixed on the rotating shaft base 503.
- the positioner 513 is installed in the positioner base 514
- the ratchet 515 is installed on the rotating shaft 512 by a key
- the rotating shaft end cover 516 is fixed on the upper end of the rotating shaft 512
- the swing arm 517 is loosely sleeved on the rotating shaft 512 through the bearing 510.
- the tension spring 523 pulls the pawl 522 against the tooth groove of the ratchet 515.
- the driving cylinder is an air cylinder 520, and the air cylinder seat 521 is fixed on the frame 100, and the air cylinder 520 is mounted thereon.
- the air cylinder 520 is connected to the swing arm 517 through the air cylinder coupling block 519 and the swing arm pin 518.
- the swing arm 517 drives the pawl 522 to move so that the pawl 522 interacts with the ratchet 515 to drive the ratchet 515 to rotate, thereby rotating the turntable 502 coaxially connected to the ratchet 515 by 90 °.
- the glass A just entered will enter the first heating station S.
- the glass A that has reached the third heating station U comes out of the heat preservation space to the loading and unloading station R, takes out the heated glass A, and then puts in new glass A again. In this way, the heating or cooling and heat preservation function of glass A can be realized.
- the semi-finished glass formed by hot bending of the hot bending machine is directly cooled to room temperature after being taken out of the hot bending machine, internal stress, cracks, damage and other problems may occur. Therefore, the semi-finished glass is first put into the heating mechanism 500 through the window 530 In the cavity of the shell, the temperature is slowly lowered to a temperature higher than the room temperature in the heat preservation space of the cavity. During the above-mentioned cooling process, because the temperature of the semi-finished glass drops slowly, its internal structure is stabilized during the cooling process. There will be no problems such as internal stress, cracks, damage, etc.
- the semi-finished glass with a stable internal structure that is cooled to a certain temperature higher than room temperature is finally taken out of the shell, and then it can enter the next process.
- the glass to be bent at room temperature is first placed in a heat-preserving space and heated to a temperature higher than room temperature before being heated. Bending processing can make the glass get better performance in the hot bending process.
- the glass is transferred between the heat-preserving space of the cavity and the outside of the casing through the feeding member, which can realize automation and has more convenient advantages.
- the upper heating tube 506 in the upper heating plate 508 and the lower heating tube 507 in the lower heating plate 505 correspond to the middle position of the glass at each station one by one to ensure that the glass is evenly heated.
- the gap between the inlet and outlet formed by the turntable 502 and the lower heating plate 505 and the upper heating plate 508 is as small as possible to reduce the air convection between the heat insulation space and the outside air.
- the outermost layer of the heating mechanism 500 may also be provided with a thermal insulation layer to further enhance the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation space.
- the temperature in the heat-preserving space can be controlled by a thermocouple and a heating tube, so that the heating mechanism 500 can not only heat the glass at room temperature to be bent, but also slowly cool the semi-finished glass that has been bent.
- the invention also provides a hot bending machine.
- the hot bending machine comprises a hot bending machine body and the above-mentioned loading and unloading device, and the loading and unloading device is arranged between an outlet and an inlet of the hot bending machine body.
- the invention further provides a loading and unloading method, which includes the following steps:
- the glass to be bent is sent to a heat preservation space for heating;
- the mold carrying the glass to be heat-bent is sent to a heat-bending machine for processing.
- the mold transfer, mold opening, and mold clamping are always maintained at the first temperature higher than room temperature, the heating and cooling process from high temperature to room temperature to high temperature is not experienced, thereby reducing heat energy consumption. , To achieve the purpose of saving energy and reducing consumption, reducing production costs.
- the semi-finished glass formed by hot bending of the hot bending machine is taken out of the hot bending machine and cooled directly to room temperature, internal stress, cracks, and damage may occur. Therefore, the semi-finished glass is first put into the heating mechanism through a window. In the cavity of the shell, the temperature is slowly lowered to a temperature higher than the room temperature in the heat preservation space of the cavity.
- the glass to be bent at room temperature is first placed in a heat-preserving space and heated to a temperature higher than room temperature before being heated. Bending processing can make the glass get better performance in the hot bending process.
- step S5 further includes:
- the mold carrying the semi-finished glass that has undergone the heat bending is sent out from the exit of the bending machine and directly enters the heat insulation channel of the rack 100.
- the mold is maintained at the first temperature higher than room temperature in the heat insulation channel;
- the transfer mechanism is started 300 Move the mold from the exit of the hot bending machine to the first position where the lifting mold mechanism 200 and the cleaning mechanism 400 are provided;
- the pressing part of the frame 100 fixes the lower mold of the mold, and starts the lifting mold mechanism 200 to place the mold
- the upper mold is lifted to complete the mold opening work;
- the semi-finished glass is removed from the lower mold by using a picking device, and the semi-finished glass is placed in a heating mechanism 500 in a heat preservation space whose temperature is higher than room temperature and lower than the first temperature, so that The semi-finished glass is slowly cooled to prevent problems such as internal stress and cracks.
- the cleaning mechanism 400 is started to clean the working surfaces of the upper and lower molds of the mold to remove residues such as dust and broken glass; at the same time, the room temperature state to be bent by a heat is taken using a picking device
- the glass is sent to the heat-preserving space of another heating mechanism 500 for heating, and the heated glass to be bent is taken out from the heat-preserving space, and the heated glass to be bent is placed in the cleaning mechanism 400
- the working surface of the lower mold after cleaning; the lifting mold mechanism 200 is controlled to lower the upper mold to complete the mold clamping work.
- the transfer mechanism 300 is controlled to send the mold carrying the glass to be bent from the first position to the entrance of the bending machine to perform the bending process.
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Abstract
一种上下料装置、上下料方法以及热弯机,上下料装置包括机架,其中,机架具有保温通道;以及移载机构,移载机构用于将模具沿着保温通道从热弯机的出口移动至热弯机的入口,以使模具在移动、开模以及合模的过程中始终保持在高于室温的第一温度。该上下料装置能够使模具始终处于高于室温的某一温度,模具不需要再与玻璃一起降温,从而减少了能耗,并且提高了工作效率。
Description
本发明涉及玻璃制造技术领域,具体地涉及一种上下料装置、上下料方法以及热弯机。
目前,曲面盖板玻璃的生产加工都是把平板盖板玻璃在室温下放置在模具中(即上料),随后在热弯设备中经过加热(约700℃)、加压,再逐渐冷却到室温成型,最后再把成型的曲面盖板玻璃从模具中取下(即下料)。现有技术存在的问题是,每一组模具(含上模与下模)与每一片玻璃都要一起经历室温加热到高温,然后从高温冷却到室温的过程。加热模具需要消耗大量的热能,如此反复对模具进行加热、冷却,就会增加能耗,且不利于提高工作效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术存在的问题,提供一种上下料装置、上下料方法以及热弯机,上下料装置能够使模具始终处于高于室温的某一温度,模具不需要再与玻璃一起降温,从而减少了能耗,并且提高了工作效率。
为了实现上述目的,本发明一方面提供一种上下料装置,包括:机架,所述机架具有保温通道;以及移载机构,所述移载机构用于将模具沿着所述保温通道从热弯机的出口移动至所述热弯机的入口,以使所述模具在移动、开模以及合模的过程中始终保持在高于室温的第一温度。
本发明第二方面提供一种热弯机,包括热弯机本体以及上述的上下料装置,所述上下料装置设置在所述热弯机本体的出口与入口之间。
本发明还提供了一种上下料方法,包括以下步骤:S1、将模具从热弯机中取出;S2、使所述模具保持在高于室温的第一温度,分开所述模具的上模与下模;S3、从所述下模取下半成品玻璃,并将所述半成品玻璃置于温度高于室温且低于所述第一温度的保温空间中;S4、将待热弯的玻璃送至所述保温空间中进行加热;S5、将经过加热的所述待热弯的玻璃放置在所述下模上并合模;S6、将承载有所述待热弯的玻璃的所述模具送至热弯机内进行加工。
通过上述技术方案,借助于机架的保温通道,使得模具在移动、开模以及合模的过程中始终保持在高于室温的第一温度,由于模具始终在第一温度下工作,没有经历从高温到室温再到高温的这种加热、冷却过程,从而降低了热能消耗,达到了节能降耗的目的,降低了生产成本。
并且,由于经过热弯机热弯成型的半成品玻璃若是从热弯机取出后直接冷却至室温,则可能会产生内应力、裂痕、损坏等问题,因此,将半成品玻璃先通过窗口放入加热机构的壳体的空腔内,在空腔的保温空间中缓慢地降温至高于室温的某一温度,在上述降温过程中,由于半成品玻璃的温度下降缓慢,其内部结构在降温过程中获得稳定, 不会产生内应力、裂痕、损坏等问题,所以,最终将降温至高于室温的某一温度的内部结构稳定的半成品玻璃从壳体中取出,即可进入下一道工序。另外,相较于将室温状态的待热弯的玻璃直接放入热弯机加工而言,将室温状态的待热弯的玻璃先放入保温空间中加热至高于室温的某一温度再进行热弯加工,能够使玻璃在热弯工序中获得更好的性能。
图1是本发明的上下料装置的优选实施方式的结构示意图;
图2是图1的仰视图;
图3是本发明的机架的优选实施方式的结构示意图;
图4是图3的后视图;
图5是图3的仰视图;
图6是本发明的吊模机构的优选实施方式的结构示意图;
图7是本发明的移载机构的优选实施方式的结构示意图;
图8是图7的仰视图;
图9是本发明的清洁机构的优选实施方式的结构示意图;
图10是本发明的加热机构的优选实施方式的结构示意图;
图11是图10的剖视图;
图12是本发明的送料件的优选实施方式的左视立体图;
图13是图12的前视立体图;
图14是图12的俯视图;
图15是下加热盘的立体图;
图16是上加热盘的立体图;
图17是转盘的立体图;
图18是加热机构的若干工位的示意图。
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限制本发明。
如图1和图2所示,本发明的上下料装置,包括机架100以及移载机构300;机架100具有保温通道;移载机构300用于将模具沿着保温通道从热弯机的出口移动至热弯机的入口,以使模具在移动、开模以及合模的过程中始终保持在高于室温的第一温度。
通过上述技术方案,借助于机架100的具有第一温度的保温通道,移载机构300在移载模具时,使模具的移动、开模以及合模的过程中始终处于保温通道内,即,使模具始终保持在高于室温的第一温度。由于模具始终在第一温度下工作,没有经历从高温到室温再到高温的这种加热、冷却过程,从而降低了热能消耗,达到了节能降耗的目的, 降低了生产成本。
应当理解的是,为了使模具在保温通道中完成开模、合模动作,以及为了使已经被热弯的半成品玻璃或是待热弯的玻璃从模具中取出或是载入,优选地,上下料装置还可以设置有用于开合模的吊模机构200、用于清洁模具的工作表面的清洁机构400、用于实现保温冷却或加热功能的加热机构500。将玻璃从模具中取下或是将玻璃放入模具中的拿取装置可以是外部设备,也可以设置在上下料装置中。
基于上述的优选技术方案,本发明的上下料装置包括机架100、吊模机构200、移载机构300、清洁机构400以及加热机构500。机架100具有保温通道。吊模机构200用于对位于第一位置的模具执行开模与合模。移载机构300用于将模具沿着保温通道从热弯机的出口移动至热弯机的入口,以使模具在移动、开模以及合模的过程中始终保持在高于室温的第一温度。清洁机构400对位于第一位置的开模后的模具的上模和/或下模的待清洁表面进行清洁。加热机构500用于将待热弯的玻璃或者从模具中取下的半成品玻璃保持在高于室温且低于第一温度的温度。
工作时,从热弯机的出口出来的模具中装载着已经被热弯过的半成品玻璃,载有半成品玻璃的模具进入机架100的保温通道中,由移载机构300将模具由热弯机的出口移动至第一位置,这时,吊模机构200将模具的上模吸起以使模具开模,人工或使用拿取设备将半成品玻璃从下模上取下,并将半成品玻璃放入一个加热机构500中进行缓慢降温,同时,操作清洁机构400对上模、下模的表面进行吹扫清洁。清洁完成之后,从另一个加热机构500中取出经过加热的待热弯的玻璃,将待热弯的玻璃放入上述的下模上,再由吊模机构200将上模下放以使模具合模,合模后的模具中载有待热弯的玻璃,再次启动移载机构300将模具由第一位置移动至热弯机的入口以对待热弯的玻璃进行热弯工序。上述即为完整的上下料工作流程。
在上述的上下料工作流程中,由于模具在移动、开模以及合模的过程中始终位于保温通道中,即模具始终保持在高于室温的第一温度,没有经历从高温到室温再到高温的这种加热、冷却过程,从而降低了热能消耗,达到了节能降耗的目的,降低了生产成本。并且,由于经过热弯机热弯成型的半成品玻璃若是从热弯机取出后直接冷却至室温,则可能会产生内应力、裂痕、损坏等问题,因此,将半成品玻璃先通过加热机构500缓慢地降温至高于室温的某一温度,在上述降温过程中,由于半成品玻璃的温度下降缓慢,其内部结构在降温过程中获得稳定,不会产生内应力、裂痕、损坏等问题,所以,最终将降温至高于室温的某一温度的内部结构稳定的半成品玻璃从壳体中取出,即可进入下一道工序。另外,相较于将室温状态的待热弯的玻璃直接放入热弯机加工而言,将室温状态的待热弯的玻璃先放入保温空间中加热至高于室温的某一温度再进行热弯加工,能够使玻璃在热弯工序中获得更好的性能。
下面提供本发明的优选实施方式,分别对机架100、吊模机构200、移载机构300、清洁机构400以及加热机构500进行解释。
机架100包括盖板、底板123以及侧板,盖板、底板123以及侧板共同限定出保温通道。机架100的保温通道应当设置为第一温度,模具始终置于保温通道中以保持在第一温度,由于模具不会降温至室温,因此节省了能耗。
应当理解的是,机架100可以设置为各种形式,只要其保温通道能够使模具始终在第一温度下完成移动、开模、合模动作即可。
在本发明的优选实施方式中,如图3-5所示,本发明的机架100包括左上盖101、加热机构支承座102、侧导条103、侧门104、侧门气缸座105、侧门气缸106、上盖107、前门气缸108、右后上盖109、右上盖110、前门111、前导条112、侧封板113、前封板114、后侧封板115、吸尘接头116、压紧气缸117、压紧气缸座118、压板座119、后封板120、毛刷条压板121、毛刷条122以及底板123。X为清洁机构400的吹气管总成406的***口,Q为吊模机构200的吸盘固定座203的***口,吊模机构200以及清洁机构400的优选实施方式将在下文解释。
也就是说,盖板包括左上盖101、上盖107和右后上盖109。侧板包括侧封板113、前封板114、后侧封板115和后封板120。
左上盖101、上盖107、右上盖110、侧封板113、前封板114、后封板120、底板123都是双层材料制作,里层是金属材料作骨架,外层是隔热保温材料。
左上盖101、右上盖110、前封板114、后封板120、底板123、毛刷条122、后侧封板115及右后上盖109一起构成供模具移动的第一移载部和第二移载部。左右两侧的侧封板113、侧门104及上盖107、前门111、后封板120、底板123、毛刷条122构成供模具在第一位置执行开模、合模动作的操作部。在清洁模具时,前门111及两个侧门104下落把操作部封闭,通过与外部吸尘管路相通的吸尘接头116排放废气,前导条112、侧导条103起前门111、侧门104的升降导向作用。压紧气缸117、压紧气缸座118、压板座119及压板(图中未显示出来,安放在压板座119内)构成压紧件,安装在后封板120上,压板由压板座119支承导向。前后两条毛刷条122采用耐高温材料制作,相对紧靠在一起由两个毛刷条压板121压紧固定在底板123的底面上,以利于移载机构300的前拨叉304及后拨叉308的自由移动,同时还能保证模具移载通道的密封性能,移载机构300的优选实施方式将在下文解释。
工作时,吸尘接头116联接外部的吸尘管道,模具靠前拨叉304及后拨叉307推动保温通道内移动,前门气缸108、侧门气缸106分别控制前门111、侧门104的升降。压紧气缸117控制压板的运动。当模具被前拨叉304送到第一位置时,压紧气缸117动作伸出压板将下模紧靠向底板123的导向凸条上,使得吊模机构200能够仅将上模吊起以实现开模工作。
吊模机构200包括安装座、拾取件和直线模组202;拾取件能够抓取或释放模具的上模;直线模组202设置在安装座上,用于沿竖直方向驱动拾取件以使模具执行开模与合模。吊模机构200用于对位于保温通道中的第一位置的模具执行开模与合模。
应当理解的是,吊模机构200可以包括多种形式,只要能够提起上模执行开模以及放下上模执行合模即可。
如图6所示,在本发明的优选实施方式中,本发明的吊模机构200包括直线模组安装座201、直线模组202、吸盘固定座203以及吸盘204。V为吸盘固定座203的外接真空管路的接口,W为吸盘204的真空吸气口。
直线模组安装座201固定在机架100的上盖107上。直线模组202固定在直线模组安装座201上,其上安装有吸盘固定座203。吸盘固定座203下固定有耐高温的吸盘204,真空吸气口W与接口V通过吸盘固定座203里面的气路相通,V外接真空气源。吸盘204的作用是工作时可以吸住上模具。
直线模组202包括驱动装置(优选为伺服电机)、滚珠丝杆及直线导轨,以便上模 与下模合模时保持位置准确,同时适应下料合模与上料合模时上模位置不同的需要。
为了保证吊模机构200在高温工况下能够持续稳定地工作,优选地,吸盘204是由耐高温弹性材料制作。
工作时,接口V外接真空气源,直线模组202驱动吸盘固定座203及吸盘204下落接触到上模的上表面后接通气源,待吸盘204吸住上模后上升,直到模具里再次装填好玻璃后下落,当上模放置在玻璃上后,切断真空,上模脱离吸盘204,之后直线模组202再次驱动吸盘固定座203及吸盘204上升。
另外,应当理解的是,由于玻璃热弯成形后与成形前形态不同,因而上模所处的高低位置是不同的,玻璃热弯成形前的上模位置比玻璃热弯成形后的上模位置高。
移载机构300包括主支承座、驱动缸以及移载件;主支承座设置在热弯机的出口与入口之间;驱动缸设置在主支承座上,驱动缸包括能够在热弯机的出口与入口之间移动的滑动件;移载件设置在滑动件上,移载件用于与模具的端侧接触并在随滑动件移动的过程中将模具从热弯机的出口移动至热弯机的入口。移载机构300用于将模具沿着保温通道从热弯机的出口移动至热弯机的入口,以使模具在移动、开模以及合模的过程中始终保持在高于室温的第一温度。
移载件包括设置在前滑块上的前移载件以及设置在后滑块上的后移载件。前移载件以及后移载件均包括升降机构和通过升降机构升降的拨叉。
应当理解的是,移载机构300可以设置为多种形式,只要能够将模具沿着保温通道从热弯机的出口移动至热弯机的入口即可。
如图7和图8所示,在本发明的优选实施方式中,移载机构300包括前拖链联接块301、前拨叉气缸302、压盖303、前拨叉304、前拨叉滑块305、后无杆气缸滑块306、后拨叉滑块307、后拨叉308、前气缸支承座309、后气缸支承座310、后无杆气缸311、前无杆气缸312、前拖链313、后拖链314、后拖链联接块315、前拖链座316、后拖链座317、后拨叉气缸318、前拨叉气缸座319、前无杆气缸滑块320以及后拨叉气缸座321。
也就是说,在本发明的优选实施方式中:主支承座的前支承座以及后支承座分别为前气缸支承座309和后气缸支承座310。前驱动缸和后驱动缸即为前无杆气缸312和后无杆气缸311。前滑块和后滑块即为前无杆气缸滑块320以及后无杆气缸滑块306。升降机构包括前拨叉滑块305以及后拨叉滑块307,升降机构的拨叉气缸分为前拨叉气缸302和后拨叉气缸318。拨叉即为前拨叉304和后拨叉308。
前拖链联接块301固定在热弯机(图中未画出)上,后面连接前拖链313,而前拖链313的另一端与前拖链座316相连接。前拖链座316固定在前拨叉气缸座319的底部。前拨叉气缸座319固定前无杆气缸312的前无杆气缸滑块320上,前拨叉气缸302固定其上。后拖链联接块315固定在热弯机上,下面连接后拖链314,后拖链314的前面连接后拖链座317,而后拖链座317固定在后拨叉气缸座321的底部。后拨叉气缸座321固定在后无杆气缸311的无杆气缸滑块306上,后拨叉气缸318固定其上。前拨叉滑块305与后拨叉滑块307分别固定在前拨叉气缸座319及后拨叉气缸座321上。压盖303与前拨叉滑块305及后拨叉滑块307一起对前拨叉304及后拨叉308分别起垂直升降的导向作用。前拨叉304及后拨叉308分别与前拨叉气缸302与后拨叉气缸318的活塞杆端部相连接,由前拨叉气缸302及后拨叉气缸318推动进行升降。前无杆气缸312与后 无杆气缸311分别固定在前气缸支承座309及后气缸支承座310上。
工作时,前拨叉304处于最前面位置的下方,后拨叉308处于最后面位置的下方。模具从热弯机出来后到达最前面工位,启动前拨叉气缸302动作升起前拨叉304,随后前无杆气缸312动作推动模具移载到第一位置,接着前拨叉304跟随前拨叉气缸302与前无杆气缸312先后复位回到最前面的下方位置,与此同时后拨叉308在后无杆气缸311的带动下移动到第一位置的下方。当模具完成上下料及清扫工作后,后拨叉气缸318推动后拨叉308上升并在后无杆气缸311的作用下推动模具移载到最后面的位置,后拨叉308下降,完成模具的移载工作。
为了实现自动化控制,也可以在移载机构300上设置感应开关及控制装置,当模具从热弯机出来后到达最前面工位,感应开关会检测到模具并发出模具到位信号,控制装置接收到信号后控制前拨叉气缸302动作升起前拨叉304。
清洁机构400包括驱动单元以及清洁件;驱动单元包括能够往复移动的带动件;清洁件与带动件连接并在模具开模时由带动件驱动,以经过模具的上模和/或下模的待清洁表面并对待清洁表面进行清洁。
应当理解的是,驱动单元可以设置为多种形式,例如驱动单元采用液压缸驱动清洁件移动。清洁件也可以设置为多种形式,例如采用毛刷等物理方式对待清洁表面进行清洁。
如图9所示,在本发明的优选实施方式中,清洁机构400包括驱动单元(例如气缸401、气缸座402、气缸联接块403、直线导轨总成404)、气管固定座405、清洁件(例如吹气管总成406)以及密封座407。
气缸401安装在气缸座402上,气缸座402设置在机架100上,当然,也可以设置在加热机构500的上盖板501上。气缸联接块403连接气缸401的活塞杆与直线导轨总成404的滑块,气管固定座405将吹气管总成406固定在直线导轨总成404的滑块上。吹气管总成406是由一根进气管与具有若干上吹气嘴Y及若干下吹气嘴Z的直管垂直焊接而成,密封座407内的轴封套装在进气管上。密封座407固定在机架100的侧封板113上。
应当理解的是,气缸401的行程由模具的宽度尺寸决定,其行程要能保证模具在宽度方向上都能得到清洁。吹气管总成406的直管的长度及其上的若干上吹气嘴Y与若干下吹气嘴Z的数量与分布由模具的长度尺寸决定,其长度与分布范围要能保证模具长度方向上都能得到清洁。上吹气嘴Y与下吹气嘴Z的直径大小可以不相同,由距离上模、下模的距离所决定,保证气流吹到模具的表面时有一定气压,这样才能有足够的清洁效果。另外,清洁机构400还可以设置有调速阀,吹气管总成406的来回动作速度可由安装在气缸401上的调速阀控制。
工作时,吹气管总成406的进气管联接外部的高压气源。当上模从下模中分离升起来,并且热弯后的玻璃从下模中取去后,接通高压气源,之后控制气缸401推动吹气管总成406在直线导轨总成404的直线导向作用下来回移动,高压气体从上吹气嘴Y与下吹气嘴Z喷出以对玻璃的待清洁表面进行清洁。套装在吹气管总成406进气管上的密封座407起密封作用,防止机架100内的气体外泄污染外部环境。当来回清洁动作完成后,及时关闭高压气源。在清洁过程中,机架100是封闭的,只有一个排气口与外部的除尘管道相通。
加热机构500包括具有空腔的壳体、加热件以及送料件;壳体上设置有与空腔连通的窗口530;加热件设置在壳体中,以使空腔形成温度高于室温且低于第一温度的保温空间;送料件设置在壳体中,送料件能够携带玻璃在空腔中移动并经过窗口530,以通过窗口530在空腔和壳体的外部之间移送玻璃。
应当理解的是,壳体设计为各种形式,只要其中具有空腔即可,例如可以使用下文的优选实施方式中的上盖板501、下底板524以及围板525共同构成。加热件可以设计为各种形式,例如采用下文的优选实施方式中的加热管以及热电偶。送料件也可以设计为各种形式,只要能够通过窗口530在空腔和壳体的外部之间移送玻璃即可,例如可以使用机械手、传送带或是下文的优选实施方式中的转盘502。
在本发明的优选实施方式中,加热机构500安装在机架100的加热机构支承座102上。如图10-18所示,加热机构500包括上盖板501、转盘502、转轴座503、下轴承504、下加热盘505、上加热管506、下加热管507、上加热盘508、上轴承509、轴承510、衬套511、转轴512、***513、***座514、棘轮515、转轴端盖516、摆臂517、摆臂轴销518、气缸联接块519、气缸520、气缸座521、棘爪522、拉簧523、下底板524以及围板525。
另外,A是待热弯的玻璃,B是***513的钢球,C是转轴512上的定位凹坑,D是下加热盘505的左加热管安装孔,E是下加热盘505的左热电偶安装孔,F是下加热盘505的中加热管安装孔,G是下加热盘505的右热电偶安装孔,H是下加热盘505的右加热管安装孔,I是上加热盘508的左加热管安装孔,J是上加热盘508的左热电偶安装孔,K是上加热盘508的中加热管安装孔,L是上加热盘508的右热电偶安装孔,M是上加热盘508的右加热管安装孔,N是与转轴512联接的螺钉孔,O是转盘502玻璃支承窗的玻璃支承斜面,P是转盘502玻璃支承窗的玻璃定位面,R是上下料工位,S是第一加热工位,T是第二加热工位,U是第三加热工位。
上盖板501、下底板524以及围板525共同构成具有空腔的壳体,上盖板501和下底板524开设有延伸至边沿的开口以形成窗口530。
加热件包括下加热盘505、上加热管506、下加热管507、上加热盘508以及热电偶。
上盖板501、下底板524、围板525是绝热材料制作的保温层,内包上加热盘508、下加热盘505。上加热管506安装在上加热盘508的加热管安装孔内,下加热管507安装在下加热盘505的加热管安装孔内。四个热电偶(图中未画出)分别安装在上加热盘508的热电偶安装孔及下加热盘505的热电偶安装孔内。上加热盘508与下加热盘505垫合在一起,内部形成圆形保温空间,转盘502就在保温空间内转动。转盘502通过螺钉孔N固定在转轴512的底端。转轴512通过上轴承509与下轴承504及衬套511套装在转轴座503上,而转轴座503安装在上盖板501上,***座514固定在转轴座503上。***513安装在***座514内,棘轮515通过键安装在转轴512上,转轴端盖516固定在转轴512的上端部,摆臂517通过轴承510活套在转轴512上。拉簧523将棘爪522拉紧靠在棘轮515的齿槽上。
驱动缸为气缸520,气缸座521固定在机架100上,其上安装气缸520,气缸520通过气缸联接块519及摆臂轴销518与摆臂517相联。
工作时,先把保温空间的温度控制到120~200℃之间的某一设定温度,然后人工把 玻璃A(未热弯的室温玻璃或者已热弯成形的半成品玻璃)放在转盘502的上下料工位R的窗口上。启动气缸520,气缸520的驱动端伸出以带动摆臂517绕转轴512的轴线转动90°,摆臂517带动棘爪522移动,棘爪522被拉簧523拉紧始终抵靠在棘轮515上,当气缸520的驱动端收回时,摆臂517带动棘爪522移动使得棘爪522与棘轮515相互作用而驱动棘轮515转动,从而使与棘轮515同轴连接的转盘502转动90°。刚上的玻璃A就会进入到第一加热工位S。与此同时,已到第三加热工位U的玻璃A从保温空间出来到达上下料工位R,取出已加热的玻璃A,然后又再放入新的玻璃A。如此循环往复就可实现玻璃A的加热或冷却保温功能。
由于经过热弯机热弯成型的半成品玻璃若是从热弯机取出后直接冷却至室温,则可能会产生内应力、裂痕、损坏等问题,因此,将半成品玻璃先通过窗口530放入加热机构500的壳体的空腔内,在空腔的保温空间中缓慢地降温至高于室温的某一温度,在上述降温过程中,由于半成品玻璃的温度下降缓慢,其内部结构在降温过程中获得稳定,不会产生内应力、裂痕、损坏等问题,所以,最终将降温至高于室温的某一温度的内部结构稳定的半成品玻璃从壳体中取出,即可进入下一道工序。另外,相较于将室温状态的待热弯的玻璃直接放入热弯机加工而言,将室温状态的待热弯的玻璃先放入保温空间中加热至高于室温的某一温度再进行热弯加工,能够使玻璃在热弯工序中获得更好的性能。在上述降温或加热过程中,通过送料件将玻璃在空腔的保温空间和壳体的外部之间进行移送,能够实现自动化并且具有更加方便的优点。
本发明的优选实施方式中,上加热盘508内的上加热管506与下加热盘505内的下加热管507一一对应在每个工位的玻璃的正中间位置,以保证玻璃受热均匀。
另外,转盘502与下加热盘505及上加热盘508形成的进出口间的间隙尽可能小,以减少保温空间与外界的空气对流。
加热机构500的最外层还可以设置有隔热保温层以进一步加强保温空间的保温性能。
保温空间内的温度可以通过热电偶以及加热管进行控制,使得加热机构500既可加热待热弯的室温的玻璃,也可使已热弯的半成品玻璃实现缓慢地冷却。
本发明还提供了一种热弯机,热弯机包括热弯机本体以及上述的上下料装置,上下料装置设置在热弯机本体的出口与入口之间。
本发明另外提供了一种上下料方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将模具从热弯机中取出;
S2、使模具保持在高于室温的第一温度,分开模具的上模与下模;
S3、从下模取下半成品玻璃,并将半成品玻璃置于温度高于室温且低于第一温度的保温空间中;
S4、将待热弯的玻璃送至保温空间中进行加热;
S5、将经过加热的待热弯的玻璃放置在下模上并合模;
S6、将承载有待热弯的玻璃的模具送至热弯机内进行加工。
采用上述上下料方法,由于模具的移载、开模、合模始终保持在高于室温的第一温度,没有经历从高温到室温再到高温的这种加热、冷却过程,从而降低了热能消耗,达到了节能降耗的目的,降低了生产成本。并且,由于经过热弯机热弯成型的半成品玻璃若是从热弯机取出后直接冷却至室温,则可能会产生内应力、裂痕、损坏等问题,因 此,将半成品玻璃先通过窗口放入加热机构的壳体的空腔内,在空腔的保温空间中缓慢地降温至高于室温的某一温度,在上述降温过程中,由于半成品玻璃的温度下降缓慢,其内部结构在降温过程中获得稳定,不会产生内应力、裂痕、损坏等问题。另外,相较于将室温状态的待热弯的玻璃直接放入热弯机加工而言,将室温状态的待热弯的玻璃先放入保温空间中加热至高于室温的某一温度再进行热弯加工,能够使玻璃在热弯工序中获得更好的性能。
为了使加工后的玻璃具有更好的性能,应当在模具载入待热弯的玻璃之前对模具的上模、下模的工作表面进行清洁,因此,步骤S5进一步包括:
S5-1、使用高压气体清洁上模与下模;
S5-2、将待热弯的玻璃放置在下模上并合模。
下面结合图示的上下料装置对上述的上下料方法进行进一步的解释。
首先,载有已经过热弯的半成品玻璃的模具从热弯机的出口被送出,直接进入机架100的保温通道中,模具在保温通道中保持在高于室温的第一温度;启动移载机构300将模具从热弯机的出口处移动至设置有吊模机构200以及清洁机构400的第一位置处;机架100的压紧件将模具的下模固定住,启动吊模机构200将模具的上模提起以完成开模工作;使用拿取装置从下模上取下半成品玻璃,并将半成品玻璃放置于一个加热机构500的温度高于室温且低于第一温度的保温空间中,使半成品玻璃缓慢冷却,防止产生内应力、裂痕等问题。在将半成品玻璃从下模取下之后,启动清洁机构400对模具的上模、下模的工作表面进行清洁,除去灰尘、碎玻璃等残渣;同时,使用拿取装置将待热弯的室温状态的玻璃送至另一个加热机构500的保温空间中进行加热,并从该保温空间中取出已经被加热好的待热弯的玻璃,将被加热好的待热弯的玻璃放置在经过清洁机构400清洁之后的下模的工作面上;控制吊模机构200将上模放下以完成合模工作。最后,控制移载机构300将承载有待热弯的玻璃的模具从第一位置送至热弯机的入口,进行热弯加工。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
Claims (34)
- 一种上下料装置,其特征在于,包括:机架(100),所述机架(100)具有保温通道;以及移载机构(300),所述移载机构(300)用于将模具沿着所述保温通道从热弯机的出口移动至所述热弯机的入口,以使所述模具在移动、开模以及合模的过程中始终保持在高于室温的第一温度。
- 根据权利要求1所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述上下料装置包括加热机构(500),所述加热机构(500)用于将待热弯的玻璃或者从所述模具中取下的半成品玻璃保持在高于室温且低于所述第一温度的温度。
- 根据权利要求2所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述加热机构(500)包括:具有空腔的壳体,所述壳体上设置有与所述空腔连通的窗口(530);加热件,所述加热件设置在所述壳体中,以使所述空腔形成温度高于室温且低于所述第一温度的保温空间;以及送料件,所述送料件设置在所述壳体中,所述送料件能够携带玻璃在所述空腔中移动并经过所述窗口(530),以通过所述窗口(530)在所述空腔和所述壳体的外部之间移送玻璃。
- 根据权利要求3所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述送料件包括用于支撑所述玻璃的转盘(502),所述转盘(502)能够绕自身轴线水平地旋转以在经过所述窗口(530)的部分上移送所述玻璃。
- 根据权利要求4所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述送料件包括:驱动件和转轴(512),所述转轴(512)的一端垂直地固定在所述转盘(502)的中心,另一端与所述驱动件连接以在所述驱动件的带动下绕自身轴线旋转。
- 根据权利要求5所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述驱动件包括:驱动缸,所述驱动缸具有能够沿其长度方向往复移动的驱动端;摆臂(517),所述摆臂(517)的一端可转动地套设在所述转轴(512)上,另一端与所述驱动端铰接;棘轮(515),所述棘轮(515)同轴地固定设置在所述转轴(512)上;棘爪(522),所述棘爪(522)的一端铰接在所述摆臂(517)上,另一端与所述棘轮(515)配合;拉簧(523),所述拉簧(523)的一端连接在所述棘爪(522)上,以使所述棘爪(522)的与所述棘轮(515)配合的一端始终紧靠在所述棘轮(515)上;以及***(513),所述转轴(512)上设置有定位凹坑(C),所述***(513)设置在所述壳体上,所述***(513)能够与所述定位凹坑(C)卡合以阻止所述转轴(512)在未受到所述棘轮(515)的带动下而发生自由旋转。
- 根据权利要求3所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述壳体包括上盖板(501)、下底板(524)以及围板(525),所述围板(525)连接所述上盖板(501)和所述下底板(524)以与所述上盖板(501)和所述下底板(524)一起限定所述空腔,至少在所述上盖板(501)上开设有用于形成所述窗口(530)的开口。
- 根据权利要求3所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述加热件包括多个加热管和多个热电偶,多个所述加热管相互间隔地设置在所述壳体中,在每两个相邻的所述加热管之间设置有所述热电偶。
- 根据权利要求1所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述上下料装置包括吊模机构(200),所述吊模机构(200)用于对位于所述保温通道中的第一位置的所述模具执行开模与合模。
- 根据权利要求9所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述吊模机构(200)包括:安装座;拾取件,所述拾取件能够抓取或释放模具的上模;以及直线模组(202),所述直线模组(202)设置在所述安装座上,用于沿竖直方向驱动所述拾取件以使所述模具执行开模与合模。
- 根据权利要求10所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述直线模组(202)包括驱动装置和滚珠丝杆,所述滚珠丝杆的螺杆与所述驱动装置连接,所述拾取件与所述滚珠丝杆的螺母连接。
- 根据权利要求11所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述直线模组(202)包括用于引导所述滚珠丝杆的螺母移动的直线导轨。
- 根据权利要求10所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述拾取件包括吸盘固定座(203)以及设置在所述吸盘固定座(203)上的吸盘(204),所述吸盘固定座(203)通过所述直线模组(202)沿竖直方向移动,所述吸盘(204)与外部的真空气源连接。
- 根据权利要求13所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述吸盘(204)位于所述吸盘固定座(203)的底部,所述吸盘(204)上开设有真空吸气口(W),所述吸盘固定座(203)设置有与所述吸盘(204)连通的空腔,所述吸盘固定座(203)的侧壁上设置有通过所述空腔与所述真空吸气口(W)相连通的接口(V)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述上下料装置包括清洁机构(400),所述清洁机构(400)对位于所述保温通道中的第一位置的开模后的所述模具的上模和/或下模的待清洁表面进行清洁。
- 根据权利要求15所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述清洁机构(400)包括:驱动单元,所述驱动单元包括能够往复移动的带动件;以及清洁件,所述清洁件与所述带动件连接并在模具开模时由所述带动件驱动,以经 过所述模具的上模和/或下模的待清洁表面并对所述待清洁表面进行清洁。
- 根据权利要求16所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述清洁件包括吹气管总成(406),所述吹气管总成(406)的一端与外部的气源连接,另一端用于向所述待清洁表面提供高压气体以清洁所述待清洁表面。
- 根据权利要求17所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述吹气管总成(406)包括进气管以及与所述进气管连接的直管,所述直管上设置有若干吹气嘴。
- 根据权利要求18所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述直管上设置有用于向所述上模提供高压气体的若干上吹气嘴(Y)以及用于向所述下模提供高压气体的若干下吹气嘴(Z)。
- 根据权利要求16所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述驱动单元包括气缸(401)、直线导轨总成(404)以及连接所述气缸(401)的活塞杆和所述直线导轨总成(404)的滑块的气缸联接块(403),所述清洁件设置在所述直线导轨总成(404)的滑块上以在所述气缸(401)的驱动下经过所述待清洁表面。
- 根据权利要求1所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述保温通道包括:第一移载部,所述第一移载部供所述模具在所述热弯机的出口与位于所述保温通道中的第一位置之间移动;第二移载部,所述第二移载部供所述模具在所述第一位置与所述热弯机的入口之间移动;以及操作部,所述操作部设置在所述第一移载部与所述第二移载部之间,所述第一位置位于所述操作部内。
- 根据权利要求21所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述第一、第二移载部和所述操作部均具有双层结构的外层。
- 根据权利要求21所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述保温通道包括用于引导所述模具的下模的导向凸条。
- 根据权利要求23所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述机架(100)包括压紧件,所述压紧件至少部分设置在所述保温通道内,以在所述第一位置将所述模具的下模压紧,使得所述模具能够执行开模动作。
- 根据权利要求24所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述压紧件包括压紧气缸(117)以及与所述压紧气缸(117)的活动端连接的压板,所述压紧气缸(117)能够驱动所述压板将所述模具的下模压紧在所述导向凸条上,以使所述模具能够执行开模动作。
- 根据权利要求21所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述机架(100)包括盖板、底板(123)以及侧板,所述盖板、所述底板(123)以及所述侧板共同限定出所述保温通道。
- 根据权利要求1所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述移载机构(300)包括:主支承座,所述主支承座设置在热弯机的出口与入口之间;驱动缸,所述驱动缸设置在所述主支承座上,所述驱动缸包括能够在所述热弯机的出口与入口之间移动的滑动件;以及移载件,所述移载件设置在所述滑动件上,所述移载件用于与所述模具的端侧接触并在随所述滑动件移动的过程中将所述模具从所述热弯机的出口移动至所述热弯机的入口。
- 根据权利要求27所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述驱动缸包括前驱动缸和后驱动缸,所述前驱动缸包括能够在所述热弯机的出口和位于所述保温通道内的第一位置之间移动的前滑块,所述后驱动缸包括能够在所述第一位置和所述热弯机的入口之间移动的后滑块;所述移载件包括设置在所述前滑块上的前移载件以及设置在所述后滑块上的后移载件,所述前移载件能够随所述前滑块的移动将所述模具从所述热弯机的出口移动至所述第一位置,所述后移载件能够随所述后滑块的移动将所述模具从所述第一位置移动至所述热弯机的入口。
- 根据权利要求28所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述前移载件以及所述后移载件均包括升降机构和通过所述升降机构升降的拨叉,所述拨叉设置为能够在升起状态下与所述模具的端侧接触并在降下状态下与所述模具间隔开。
- 根据权利要求29所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述升降机构包括拨叉气缸,所述拨叉与所述拨叉气缸连接。
- 根据权利要求27所述的上下料装置,其特征在于,所述主支承座包括在所述热弯机的出口与入口之间依次设置的前支承座以及后支承座,所述前驱动缸和所述后驱动缸分别设置在所述前支承座以及所述后支承座上;所述前支承座以及所述后支承座相互平行且间隔地设置,所述前移载件和后移载件位于所述前支承座以及所述后支承座之间的间隔处。
- 一种热弯机,其特征在于,包括热弯机本体以及权利要求1-31中任意一项所述的上下料装置,所述上下料装置设置在所述热弯机本体的出口与入口之间。
- 一种上下料方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:S1、将模具从热弯机中取出;S2、使所述模具保持在高于室温的第一温度,分开所述模具的上模与下模;S3、从所述下模取下半成品玻璃,并将所述半成品玻璃置于温度高于室温且低于所述第一温度的保温空间中;S4、将待热弯的玻璃送至所述保温空间中进行加热;S5、将经过加热的所述待热弯的玻璃放置在所述下模上并合模;S6、将承载有所述待热弯的玻璃的所述模具送至热弯机内进行加工。
- 根据权利要求33所述的上下料方法,其特征在于,步骤S5包括:S5-1、使用高压气体清洁所述上模与所述下模;S5-2、将所述待热弯的玻璃放置在所述下模上并合模。
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