WO2020024762A1 - 锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置 - Google Patents

锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020024762A1
WO2020024762A1 PCT/CN2019/094661 CN2019094661W WO2020024762A1 WO 2020024762 A1 WO2020024762 A1 WO 2020024762A1 CN 2019094661 W CN2019094661 W CN 2019094661W WO 2020024762 A1 WO2020024762 A1 WO 2020024762A1
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Prior art keywords
switch
gear
hammer
function
knob
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PCT/CN2019/094661
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English (en)
French (fr)
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楼其榜
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浙江信普工贸有限公司
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Publication of WO2020024762A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020024762A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D16/00—Portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D16/00—Portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
    • B25D16/006—Mode changers; Mechanisms connected thereto

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hammer pick electric tool, in particular to a hammer pick self-locking device that can ensure a hammer pick electric tool that can be locked during impact operation using a hammer pick.
  • Electric hammers and picks have three functions: hammer drill, single drill, and single hammer. They are widely used in construction, road laying and maintenance, home decoration, etc. for crushing, chiseling, digging, and grooving. They are widely used. Like it.
  • the structure includes a casing, a motor mounted on the casing, a transmission case, an upper cover fixed on the transmission case, a cylinder rotatably mounted on the transmission case, a connecting rod impact mechanism, a rotation mechanism, and a clutch.
  • the cylinder drives the drill on the drill clamping assembly to rotate, thereby achieving the drilling function.
  • the clutch is combined with the large bevel gear to achieve both rotation and impact functions; when the hammer gear is selected, the clutch is separated from the large bevel gear, and the drill bit only impacts and does not rotate, which can achieve a single hammer (or Called single chisel) function.
  • the electric hammer and electric picker have the following problems during use.
  • One is that the drill bit jams often occur during the hammer drill (rotation and impact) operation.
  • Electric hammers and electric picks are not allowed to have a self-locking switch when working in the hammer drill position, and can only be set with a jog control switch.
  • many manufacturers and people of insight carry out development and research, but so far no satisfactory products have come out.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple and reasonable structure, convenient operation and use, which can ensure that the hammer drill gear position is not locked, and the hammer gear self-locking and point can be realized during the hammer gear position.
  • Hammer gear self-locking device of hammer pick electric tool which is not easy to be operated by manual operation and hammer gear.
  • the present invention creates a technical solution for solving the above technical problems, which includes a casing, a motor mounted on the casing, a transmission case, an upper cover fixed on the transmission case, and a cylinder rotatably installed on the transmission case. , Connecting rod impact mechanism, rotation mechanism, clutch mechanism, drill clamp assembly connected to the cylinder, rear handle, the transmission box is fixedly connected to the casing, a power normally open switch is installed on the rear handle, and the power normally open switch is connected to the motor.
  • the upper cover is provided with a switch for adjusting the function gear position
  • the lower end of the switch is provided with a high and low position difference
  • a switch box is installed at the rear of the transmission box
  • the switch box is installed with the lower end of the switch
  • Coordinated function changeover switch and hammer gear lock switch which is opposite to the holding position of the rear handle, the function changeover switch and hammer gear lock switch are connected in series with each other and connected in parallel with the power normally open switch; when the indicated position of the transfer knob corresponds to the hammer drill position
  • the function switch is matched with the lower position of the lower end of the switch, the function switch is in the off state; when the indicated position of the switch corresponds to the hammer position Function switching switch and the lower end surface of the switch knob and with high function switch is pressed, the function switch is in the ON state.
  • the height difference between the lower end surface of the switch knob is H, H is controlled within a range of 3-15 mm, the function switch is a normally open switch, and the hammer gear lock switch is a gear self-locking switch.
  • the connecting rod impact mechanism includes a hammer, an impact piston, a connecting rod piston, and an eccentric gear.
  • the pressing hammer, the impact piston, and the connecting rod piston are sequentially arranged in the cylinder, and the connecting rod piston passes through the crank connecting rod. It is connected with the eccentric gear.
  • the eccentric gear meshes with the output gear shaft of the motor.
  • the motor drives the eccentric gear to rotate through the output gear shaft.
  • the eccentric gear drives the connecting rod piston to reciprocate in the cylinder through the crank link.
  • the impact piston is driven to reciprocate to impact the impact hammer, and the impact hammer reciprocates to impact the drill on the drill holding component.
  • the rotating mechanism includes a large bevel gear that can be rotated relative to the cylinder, a small bevel gear that meshes with the large bevel gear, a driven gear coaxially disposed on the small bevel gear, and coaxially disposed on the The driving gear on the eccentric gear meshes with the driving gear.
  • the eccentric gear drives the small bevel gear through the meshing of the driving gear and the driven gear.
  • the small bevel gear drives the cylinder to rotate through the large bevel gear and the clutch mechanism.
  • the clutch mechanism includes a transmission sleeve fixed on a cylinder, a clutch, a shift fork, and a shift lever fixed on a conversion knob.
  • the clutch is axially movably disposed on the transmission sleeve.
  • the gear shift fork is connected between the clutch and the shift lever. When the shift knob is turned, the shift lever drives the clutch through the shift shift fork to couple or separate the transmission sleeve and the large bevel gear.
  • an elastic damping sleeve is fixedly connected between the upper and lower connection ends of the rear handle and the casing.
  • a switch box is installed at the rear of the transmission box.
  • the switch box can not only play a role of heat insulation, but also prevent the overheating of the transmission box from affecting the normal operation of the switch. In addition, it can play an insulation role to prevent leakage of the switch and improve safety performance.
  • the second is because the lower end of the transfer knob is provided with a high and low position difference.
  • the switch box is equipped with a function transfer switch that cooperates with the lower end of the transfer knob, a hammer lock switch that is directly opposite the holding position of the rear handle, and a function transfer switch and hammer.
  • the lock switches are connected in series with each other and connected in parallel with the normally open switch of the power supply.
  • the structure is simple and the operation is convenient.
  • the third is when the switch is rotated to make the indicated position correspond to the hammer drill position, the switch is gradually away from the function switch during the rotation process, and the transmission sleeve is combined with the large bevel gear through the clutch mechanism.
  • the function switch and the switch are combined, The lower end of the lower end cooperates, the function switch is in a reliable disconnected state, and the machine is in electric hammer mode.
  • the motor reciprocates the drill bit through the link impact mechanism, and the motor drives the drill bit to rotate through the rotating mechanism and the cylinder at the same time.
  • the machine can only jog and cannot self-lock.
  • the rotary knob when the rotary knob is rotated to make the indicated position correspond to the hammer position, the rotary knob gradually presses the function selector switch during the rotation process, and at the same time, the transmission sleeve is separated from the large bevel gear by the clutch mechanism, and the function selector switch and the selector knob The high end of the lower end is matched and the function switch is pressed. The function switch is in a reliable ON state.
  • the machine is in the electric pick mode.
  • the motor reciprocates the drill through the link impact mechanism.
  • the transmission sleeve is separated from the large bevel gear.
  • the motor cannot drive the drill to rotate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cooperation structure when a hammer drill gear is created according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cooperation structure when a hammer gear is created according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit principle cooperation structure created by the present invention.
  • a specific embodiment of a hammer gear self-locking device for a hammer pick power tool which includes a casing 2, a motor 1 mounted on the casing 2, and a transmission case 10.
  • the upper cover 24 fixed on the transmission case 10, the air cylinder 12 rotatably installed on the transmission case 10, the connecting rod impact mechanism, the rotation mechanism, the clutch mechanism, the drill clamp assembly connected to the cylinder 12, and the rear handle 21.
  • the transmission case 10 is fixedly connected to the casing 2.
  • the rear handle 21 is provided with a power normally open switch K3.
  • the power normally open switch K3 is electrically connected to the motor 1.
  • the upper cover 24 is provided with an adjustment function gear.
  • Switch knob 17 the lower end of the switch knob 17 is provided with a high and low position difference, a switch box 19 is installed at the rear of the transmission case 10, and a function switch K1, which matches the lower end of the switch knob 17, is installed on the switch box 19
  • Hammer gear lock switch K2 which is directly opposite to the holding position of the handle 21, and the function changeover switch K1 and hammer gear lock switch K2 are connected in series with each other and connected in parallel with the power normally open switch K3.
  • the function changeover switch K1 is in the disconnected state when the indicated position of the changeover knob 17 corresponds to the hammer position 23.
  • the function changeover switch K1 cooperates with the high end of the lower end of the changeover knob 17 and presses the function changeover switch K1 to change the function. Switch K1 is on.
  • the height difference between the lower end surface of the switch knob 17 is H, H is controlled within the range of 3-15mm, the function switch K1 is a normally open switch, and the hammer lock switch K2 is a gear self-locking switch.
  • the gear lock switch K2 is pressed, the switch is self-locked, and when it is pressed again, the switch is automatically popped off.
  • the connecting rod impact mechanism includes an impact hammer 9, an impact piston 11, a link piston 7, an eccentric gear 4, and the impact hammer 9, the impact piston 11, and the link piston 7 are sequentially arranged in the cylinder 12,
  • the rod piston 7 is connected to the eccentric gear 4 through a crank link.
  • the eccentric gear 4 meshes with the output gear shaft of the motor 1.
  • the motor 1 drives the eccentric gear 4 to rotate through the output gear shaft.
  • the eccentric gear 4 drives the link piston through the crank link. 7
  • the reciprocating motion in the cylinder 12 drives the impact piston 11 to reciprocate the impact hammer 9 through the change in the volume of the air chamber.
  • the impact hammer 9 reciprocates against the drill bit on the drill clamping assembly 8.
  • the rotating mechanism includes a large bevel gear 15 capable of rotating relative to the cylinder 12, a small bevel gear 6 meshing with the large bevel gear 15, a driven gear 5 coaxially disposed on the small bevel gear 6,
  • the driving gear 3 is coaxially arranged on the eccentric gear 4, and the driven gear 5 meshes with the driving gear 3.
  • the eccentric gear 4 meshes with the driven gear 5 through the driving gear 3 to drive the small bevel gear 6.
  • the small bevel gear 6 passes through the large The bevel gear 15 and the clutch mechanism drive the cylinder 12 to rotate.
  • the clutch mechanism includes a transmission sleeve 13 fixed on the cylinder 12, a clutch 14, a shift fork 16, and a shift lever 18 fixed on the conversion knob 17.
  • the clutch 14 is movably disposed in the axial direction.
  • the shift fork 16 is connected between the clutch 14 and the shift lever 18.
  • the shift lever 18 drives the clutch 14 through the shift fork 16 to connect or separate the transmission sleeve 13 and the large bevel gear 15. .
  • an elastic shock absorbing sleeve 20 is fixedly connected between the upper and lower connection ends of the rear handle 21 and the casing 2.
  • the working principle of the invention is as follows: When the hammer drilling operation is required, the switch knob 17 is rotated to align the indicated position with the hammer drill position 22. During the rotation of the switch knob 17, the switch knob 17 is gradually moved away from the function switch K1.
  • the function changeover switch K1 cooperates with the lower position of the lower end of the changeover knob 17, as shown in FIG. 1, the function changeover switch K1 is in a reliable disconnected state; the second is that the changeover knob 17 drives the clutch 14 through the lever 18 and the shift fork 16
  • the work causes the transmission sleeve 13 to be combined with the large bevel gear 15. At this time, the machine is in the electric hammer mode, which can rotate and impact.
  • the eccentric gear 4 drives the connecting rod piston 7 to reciprocate in the cylinder 12 through the crank connecting rod, and changes the volume of the air chamber to drive the impact piston 11 to reciprocate to impact the hammer 9, and the hammer 9 reciprocates to impact the bit clamping assembly 8
  • the eccentric gear 4 drives the driven gear 5 at the same time through the coaxially arranged driving gear 3, and the driven gear 5 drives the coaxially-set small bevel gear 6 to rotate, the small cone
  • the wheel 6 drives the large bevel gear 15 to rotate.
  • the large bevel gear 15 drives the cylinder 12 to rotate through the clutch 14 and the transmission sleeve 13.
  • the cylinder 12 is rotated by the drill on the drill clamping assembly 8 to achieve the electric hammer function.
  • the machine can only point Cannot be locked.
  • the changeover knob 17 When the electric pick-up operation is needed, turn the changeover knob 17 to align the indicated position with the hammer position 23. During the rotation of the changeover knob 17, the changeover knob 17 gradually presses the function changeover switch K1. When the function changeover switch K1 and The high position of the lower end of the transfer knob 17 is matched. As shown in FIG. 2, the function transfer switch K1 is in a reliable ON state. The second is that the transfer knob 17 drives the clutch 14 through the lever 18 and the shift fork 16 to make the transmission sleeve 13 and the large The bevel gear 15 is separated. At this time, the machine is in the electric pick-up mode, and the machine only impacts and does not rotate.
  • the impact hammer 9 reciprocates against the drill on the drill clamping assembly 8 Realize the impact; the eccentric gear 4 drives the driven gear 5 at the same time through the coaxially arranged driving gear 3, the driven gear 5 drives the coaxially set small bevel gear 6 to rotate, and the small bevel gear 6 drives the large cone
  • the gear 15 rotates, because the clutch 14 separates the transmission sleeve 13 from the large bevel gear 15, the large bevel gear 15 cannot drive the cylinder 12 through the clutch 14 and the transmission sleeve 13 to achieve the electric picker function.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)

Abstract

一种锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置，上盖（24）上设有转换旋钮（17），转换旋钮（17）的下端面设有高低位置差，传动箱体（10）的后部安装有开关盒（19），开关盒（19）上安装有与转换旋钮（17）下端面配合的功能转换开关（K1）、与后手柄（21）握持位置正对的锤档锁定开关（K2），功能转换开关（K1）与锤档锁定开关（K2）相互串联后与电源常开开关（K3）并联；当转换旋钮（17）与锤钻档位（22）对应时，功能转换开关（K1）处于断开状态；当转换旋钮（17）与锤档位（23）对应时，功能转换开关（K1）处于接通状态。该装置具有结构简单合理、操作使用方便、既可保证锤钻档位无锁定又可在锤档位时实现锤档自锁及点动操作、锤档工作不易疲劳的优点。

Description

锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置 技术领域
本发明创造涉及锤镐电动工具，特别是一种可确保使用锤档冲击作业时可锁定的锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置。
背景技术
电锤及电镐由于具有锤钻、单钻、单锤三种功能，广泛应用于建筑、道路铺设与维修、家庭装修等进行破碎、凿平、挖掘、开槽等作业，而备受广大使用者的喜欢。其结构包括机壳、安装在机壳上的电机，传动箱体、固定在传动箱体上的上盖、其结构可转动安装在传动箱体上的气缸、连杆冲击机构、转动机构、离合机构、与气缸连接的钻头夹持组件、后手柄，传动箱体与机壳固定连接，后手柄上安装有电源常开开关，电源常开开关与电机电连接，电机通过偏心齿轮带动连杆冲击机构的连杆活塞在气缸内往复运动，通过气室体积的变化又带动冲击活塞往复运动冲击冲锤，冲锤往复撞击钻头夹持组件上的钻头，从而使钻头得到冲击能量，完成冲击功能；偏心齿轮通过主动齿轮与从动齿轮啮合带动小锥齿轮，小锥齿轮通过大锥齿轮及离合机构带动气缸旋转，气缸带动钻头夹持组件上的钻头旋转，从而实现钻孔功能。当选用锤钻档位时，离合器与大锥齿轮结合，可以实现既旋转又冲击功能；当选用锤档位时，离合器与大锥齿轮分离，钻头只冲击、不转动，可以实现单锤(或叫单凿)功能。
但电锤及电镐在使用过程中存在以下问题，一是在锤钻(旋转又冲击)作业过程中经常会发生钻头卡住堵转现象，为了满足安规要求，保证使用者操作的安全性能，电锤及电镐在锤钻档位下工作时不允许 有开关有自锁结构，只能设置点动控制的开关。二是在锤档位作业过程中，只冲击不转动即单锤或叫单凿功能时，振动幅度大，使用者长时间握紧电源常开开关连续工作，极易造成使用者操作疲劳。针对上述问题，许多生产厂家和有识之士进行开发和研制，但至今未有较满意的产品问世。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术存在的上述问题，本发明创造的目的是提供一种结构简单合理、操作使用方便、既可保证锤钻档位无锁定又可在锤档位时实现锤档自锁及点动操作、锤档工作不易疲劳的锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置。
本发明创造解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案，它包括机壳、安装在机壳上的电机，传动箱体、固定在传动箱体上的上盖、可转动安装在传动箱体上的气缸、连杆冲击机构、转动机构、离合机构、与气缸连接的钻头夹持组件、后手柄，传动箱体与机壳固定连接，后手柄上安装有电源常开开关，电源常开开关与电机电连接，所述的上盖上设有调节功能挡位的转换旋钮，转换旋钮的下端面设有高低位置差，传动箱体的后部安装有开关盒，开关盒上安装有与转换旋钮下端面配合的功能转换开关、与后手柄握持位置正对的锤档锁定开关，功能转换开关与锤档锁定开关相互串联后与电源常开开关并联；当转换旋钮的指示位置与锤钻档位对应时，功能转换开关与转换旋钮下端面的低位配合，功能转换开关处于断开状态；当转换旋钮的指示位置与锤档位对应时，功能转换开关与转换旋钮下端面的高位配合并按下功能转换开关，功能转换开关处于接通状态。
本发明创造的进一步方案，所述转换旋钮下端面的高低位置差为H，H控制在3-15mm的范围内，功能转换开关为常开开关，锤档锁定开关为档位自锁开关。
本发明创造的进一步方案，所述的连杆冲击机构包括冲锤、冲击活塞、连杆活塞、偏心齿轮，冲锤、冲击活塞和连杆活塞依次设置在气缸内，连杆活塞通过曲柄连杆与偏心齿轮连接，偏心齿轮与电机的输出齿轴啮合，工作时电机通过输出齿轴带动偏心齿轮转动，偏心齿轮通过曲柄连杆带动连杆活塞在气缸内往复运动，通过气室体积的变化又带动冲击活塞往复运动冲击冲锤，冲锤往复撞击钻头夹持组件上的钻头。
本发明创造的进一步方案，所述的转动机构包括可相对气缸转动地的大锥齿轮、与大锥齿轮啮合的小锥齿轮、同轴设置在小锥齿轮上的从动齿轮、同轴设置在偏心齿轮上的主动齿轮，从动齿轮与主动齿轮啮合，工作时偏心齿轮通过主动齿轮与从动齿轮啮合带动小锥齿轮，小锥齿轮通过大锥齿轮及离合机构带动气缸旋转。
本发明创造的进一步方案，所述的离合机构包括固定在气缸上的传动套、离合器、换档拨叉、固定在转换旋钮上的拨杆，离合器可轴向移动地设置在传动套上，换档拨叉连接在离合器与拨杆之间，转动转换旋钮时拨杆通过换档拨叉带动离合器使传动套与大锥齿轮结合或分离。
本发明创造的进一步方案，所述后手柄的上下连接端与机壳之间固定连接有弹性减震套。
采用上述结构后，与现有技术比较有如下优点和效果：一是传动箱体的后部安装有开关盒，开关盒不仅可以起到隔热作用，防止传动箱体过热影响开关的正常工作，而且可以起到绝缘作用，防止开关漏电，提高安全性能。二是由于转换旋钮的下端面设有高低位置差，开关盒上安装有与转换旋钮下端面配合的功能转换开关、与后手柄握持位置正对的锤档锁定开关，功能转换开关与锤档锁定开关相互串联后与电源常开开关并联，结构简单，操作使用方便。三是当旋转转换旋 钮使指示位置与锤钻档位对应时，转换旋钮在旋转过程中逐步远离功能转换开关，并同时通过离合机构使传动套与大锥齿轮结合，当功能转换开关与转换旋钮下端面的低位配合，功能转换开关处于可靠断开状态，机器处于电锤模式，当按压电源常开开关时，电机通过连杆冲击机构往复冲击钻头，电机又同时通过转动机构、气缸带动钻头旋转，从而实现既旋转又冲击的电锤功能，机器只能点动，不能自锁。四是当旋转转换旋钮使指示位置与锤档位对应时，转换旋钮在旋转过程中逐渐按下功能转换开关，并同时通过离合机构使使传动套与大锥齿轮分离，功能转换开关与转换旋钮下端面的高位配合并按下功能转换开关，功能转换开关处于可靠接通状态，机器处于电镐模式，电机通过连杆冲击机构往复冲击钻头，传动套与大锥齿轮分离，电机不能带动钻头旋转，从而实现冲击的电镐功能，当按下锤档锁定开关时实现自锁，机器可以连续运行，当按压电源常开开关时可以实现点动操作，从而解决现有技术只能点动操作不能实现自锁导致操作者容易疲劳的问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明创造锤钻档位时的配合结构示意图。
图2为本发明创造锤档位时的配合结构示意图。
图3为本发明创造的电路原理配合结构示意图。
其中1电机，2机壳，3主动齿轮，4偏心齿轮，5从动齿轮，6小锥齿轮，7连杆活塞，8钻头夹持组件，9冲锤，10传动箱体，11冲击活塞，12气缸，13传动套，14离合器，15大锥齿轮，16换档拨叉，17转换旋钮，18拨杆，19开关盒，20弹性减震套，21后手柄，22锤钻档位，23锤档位，24上盖，K1功能转换开关,K2锤档锁定开关,K3电源常开开关。
具体实施方式
图1、图2和图3所示，为本发明创造锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置的具体实施方案，它包括机壳2、安装在机壳2上的电机1，传动箱体10、固定在传动箱体10上的上盖24、可转动安装在传动箱体10上的气缸12、连杆冲击机构、转动机构、离合机构、与气缸12连接的钻头夹持组件8、后手柄21，传动箱体10与机壳2固定连接，后手柄21上安装有电源常开开关K3，电源常开开关K3与电机1电连接，所述的上盖24上设有调节功能挡位的转换旋钮17，转换旋钮17的下端面设有高低位置差，传动箱体10的后部安装有开关盒19，开关盒19上安装有与转换旋钮17下端面配合的功能转换开关K1、与后手柄21握持位置正对的锤档锁定开关K2，功能转换开关K1与锤档锁定开关K2相互串联后与电源常开开关K3并联；当转换旋钮17的指示位置与锤钻档位22对应时，功能转换开关K1与转换旋钮17下端面的低位配合，功能转换开关K1处于断开状态；当转换旋钮17的指示位置与锤档位23对应时，功能转换开关K1与转换旋钮17下端面的高位配合并按下功能转换开关K1，功能转换开关K1处于接通状态。
为了方便操作，所述转换旋钮17下端面的高低位置差为H，H控制在3-15mm的范围内，功能转换开关K1为常开开关，锤档锁定开关K2为档位自锁开关，锤档锁定开关K2按下时开关自锁接通，再按下时自动弹起开关断开。
为了实现冲击功能，所述的连杆冲击机构包括冲锤9、冲击活塞11、连杆活塞7、偏心齿轮4，冲锤9、冲击活塞11和连杆活塞7依次设置在气缸12内，连杆活塞7通过曲柄连杆与偏心齿轮4连接，偏心齿轮4与电机1的输出齿轴啮合，工作时电机1通过输出齿轴带动偏心齿轮4转动，偏心齿轮4通过曲柄连杆带动连杆活塞7在气缸12内往复运动，通过气室体积的变化又带动冲击活塞11往复运动冲击冲锤9，冲锤9往复撞击钻头夹持组件8上的钻头。
为了实现旋转功能，所述的转动机构包括可相对气缸12转动地的大锥齿轮15、与大锥齿轮15啮合的小锥齿轮6、同轴设置在小锥齿轮6上的从动齿轮5、同轴设置在偏心齿轮4上的主动齿轮3，从动齿轮5与主动齿轮3啮合，工作时偏心齿轮4通过主动齿轮3与从动齿轮5啮合带动小锥齿轮6，小锥齿轮6通过大锥齿轮15及离合机构带动气缸12旋转。
为了实现功能转换，所述的离合机构包括固定在气缸12上的传动套13、离合器14、换档拨叉16、固定在转换旋钮17上的拨杆18，离合器14可轴向移动地设置在传动套13上，换档拨叉16连接在离合器14与拨杆18之间，转动转换旋钮17时拨杆18通过换档拨叉16带动离合器14使传动套13与大锥齿轮15结合或分离。
为了实现减震，所述后手柄21的上下连接端与机壳2之间固定连接有弹性减震套20。
本发明创造工作原理如下：当需要进行锤钻作业时，旋转转换旋钮17使指示位置与锤钻档位22对准，转换旋钮17在旋转过程中，一是转换旋钮17逐步远离功能转换开关K1，当功能转换开关K1与转换旋钮17下端面的低位配合，如图1所示，功能转换开关K1处于可靠断开状态；二是转换旋钮17通过拨杆18、换档拨叉16带动离合器14工作使传动套13与大锥齿轮15结合，此时机器处于电锤模式，既可旋转又可冲击；当按下电源常开开关K3时，电机1通电工作，电机1转动工作时带动偏心齿轮4旋转，偏心齿轮4通过曲柄连杆带动连杆活塞7在气缸12内往复运动，通过气室体积的变化又带动冲击活塞11往复运动冲击冲锤9，冲锤9往复撞击钻头夹持组件8上的钻头实现冲击；偏心齿轮4通过同轴设置的主动齿轮3又同时带动从动齿轮5旋转，从动齿轮5带动同轴设置的小锥齿轮6旋转，小锥齿轮6带动大锥齿轮15旋转，大锥齿轮15通过离合器14及传动套13带动气缸12旋转，气缸12通过钻头夹持组件8上的钻 头实现旋转，从而实现的电锤功能，机器只能点动，不能自锁。
当需要进行电镐作业时，旋转转换旋钮17使指示位置与锤档位23对准，转换旋钮17在旋转过程中，一是转换旋钮17逐渐按下功能转换开关K1，当功能转换开关K1与转换旋钮17下端面的高位配合，如图2所示，功能转换开关K1处于可靠接通状态；二是转换旋钮17通过拨杆18、换档拨叉16带动离合器14工作使传动套13与大锥齿轮15分离，此时机器处于电镐模式，机器只冲击不旋转；当需要点动作业时，按下电源常开开关K3，电机1通电工作，电机1转动工作时带动偏心齿轮4旋转，偏心齿轮4通过曲柄连杆带动连杆活塞7在气缸12内往复运动，通过气室体积的变化又带动冲击活塞11往复运动冲击冲锤9，冲锤9往复撞击钻头夹持组件8上的钻头实现冲击；偏心齿轮4通过同轴设置的主动齿轮3又同时带动从动齿轮5旋转，从动齿轮5带动同轴设置的小锥齿轮6旋转，小锥齿轮6带动大锥齿轮15旋转，由于离合器14使传动套13与大锥齿轮15分离，大锥齿轮15不能通过离合器14及传动套13带动气缸12旋转，从而实现的电镐功能，机器只能点动，不能自锁；当需要连续作业时，按下锤档锁定开关K2，开关自锁，电机1通电连续工作，机器可以连续运行，工作原理与按下电源常开开关K3时的工作原理相同，在此不再重述。从而解决现有技术只能点动操作不能实现自锁连续工作、导致操作者容易疲劳的问题。
以上所述，只是本发明创造的具体实施例，并非对本发明创造作出任何形式上的限制，在不脱离本发明创造的技术方案基础上，所作出的简单修改、等同变化或修饰，均落入本发明创造的保护范围。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置，包括机壳(2)、安装在机壳(2)上的电机(1)，传动箱体(10)、固定在传动箱体(10)上的上盖(24)、可转动安装在传动箱体(10)上的气缸(12)、连杆冲击机构、转动机构、离合机构、与气缸(12)连接的钻头夹持组件(8)、后手柄(21)，传动箱体(10)与机壳(2)固定连接，后手柄(21)上安装有电源常开开关(K3)，电源常开开关(K3)与电机(1)电连接，其特征是：所述的上盖(24)上设有调节功能挡位的转换旋钮(17)，转换旋钮(17)的下端面设有高低位置差，传动箱体(10)的后部安装有开关盒(19)，开关盒(19)上安装有与转换旋钮(17)下端面配合的功能转换开关(K1)、与后手柄(21)握持位置正对的锤档锁定开关(K2)，功能转换开关(K1)与锤档锁定开关(K2)相互串联后与电源常开开关(K3)并联；当转换旋钮(17)的指示位置与锤钻档位(22)对应时，功能转换开关(K1)与转换旋钮(17)下端面的低位配合，功能转换开关(K1)处于断开状态；当转换旋钮(17)的指示位置与锤档位(23)对应时，功能转换开关(K1)与转换旋钮(17)下端面的高位配合并按下功能转换开关(K1)，功能转换开关(K1)处于接通状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置，其特征是：所述转换旋钮(17)下端面的高低位置差为H，H控制在3-15mm的范围内，功能转换开关(K1)为常开开关，锤档锁定开关(K2)为档位自锁开关。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置，其特征是：所述的连杆冲击机构包括冲锤(9)、冲击活塞(11)、连杆活塞(7)、偏心齿轮(4)，冲锤(9)、冲击活塞(11)和连杆活塞(7)依次设置在气缸(12)内，连杆活塞(7)通过曲柄连杆与偏心齿轮(4)连接，偏心齿轮(4)与电机(1)的输出齿轴啮合，工作时电机(1)通过输出齿轴带动偏心齿轮(4)转动，偏心齿 轮(4)通过曲柄连杆带动连杆活塞(7)在气缸(12)内往复运动，通过气室体积的变化又带动冲击活塞(11)往复运动冲击冲锤(9)，冲锤(9)往复撞击钻头夹持组件(8)上的钻头。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置，其特征是：所述的转动机构包括可相对气缸(12)转动地的大锥齿轮(15)、与大锥齿轮(15)啮合的小锥齿轮(6)、同轴设置在小锥齿轮(6)上的从动齿轮(5)、同轴设置在偏心齿轮(4)上的主动齿轮(3)，从动齿轮(5)与主动齿轮(3)啮合，工作时偏心齿轮(4)通过主动齿轮(3)与从动齿轮(5)啮合带动小锥齿轮(6)，小锥齿轮(6)通过大锥齿轮(15)及离合机构带动气缸(12)旋转。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置，其特征是：所述的离合机构包括固定在气缸(12)上的传动套(13)、离合器(14)、换档拨叉(16)、固定在转换旋钮(17)上的拨杆(18)，离合器(14)可轴向移动地设置在传动套(13)上，换档拨叉(16)连接在离合器(14)与拨杆(18)之间，转动转换旋钮(17)时拨杆(18)通过换档拨叉(16)带动离合器(14)使传动套(13)与大锥齿轮(15)结合或分离。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述锤镐电动工具的锤档自锁装置，其特征是：所述后手柄(21)的上下连接端与机壳(2)之间固定连接有弹性减震套(20)。
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