WO2020024084A1 - 一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺 - Google Patents

一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020024084A1
WO2020024084A1 PCT/CN2018/097695 CN2018097695W WO2020024084A1 WO 2020024084 A1 WO2020024084 A1 WO 2020024084A1 CN 2018097695 W CN2018097695 W CN 2018097695W WO 2020024084 A1 WO2020024084 A1 WO 2020024084A1
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Prior art keywords
parts
valve
sand
copper alloy
mold
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PCT/CN2018/097695
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周天毫
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苏州速腾电子科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/097695 priority Critical patent/WO2020024084A1/zh
Publication of WO2020024084A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020024084A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a processing technology of a copper alloy valve, and belongs to the technical field of valve processing.
  • the valve is a control component in the fluid delivery system, and has functions such as cut-off, regulation, diversion, prevention of backflow, voltage stabilization, shunting, or pressure relief.
  • Valves are divided into cast iron valves, cast steel valves, stainless steel valves, chrome-molybdenum steel valves, chrome-molybdenum-vanadium steel valves, dual-phase steel valves, plastic valves, and non-standard valve materials.
  • cast iron valves cast steel valves
  • stainless steel valves chrome-molybdenum steel valves
  • chrome-molybdenum-vanadium steel valves dual-phase steel valves
  • plastic valves and non-standard valve materials.
  • non-standard valve materials At present, in the steel casting industry, when casting steel parts, casting molds, casting and post-processing of valves are usually performed. Improper processing of the cast steel is prone to defects such as cracks, trachoma and pores, which affect the quality of the product. The reasonable production process has become a technical problem to be
  • the present invention provides a processing technique for a copper alloy valve.
  • a processing technology of a copper alloy valve includes the following steps:
  • Molding sand molding Use heat-resistant molding sand to make sand molds around the mold, take out the mold to obtain sand molds, and heat the molds to 200-250 ° C for later use;
  • Cooling rapid cooling to 800-900 ° C, holding temperature for 10-20min; rapid cooling to 350-400 ° C, holding temperature for 20-30min; then leave to cool to room temperature;
  • the heat-resistant molding sand includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of zircon sand, 10-20 parts of quartz sand, 10-13 parts of furan resin, and ammonium chloride 1-3 parts, water glass 2-3 parts and clay 5-9 parts.
  • the inoculant includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of nano-silica, 20-30 parts of aluminum, 10-15 parts of tin, and 10-15 parts of nickel And 10-15 parts of barium.
  • the inoculant is obtained by the following steps: aluminum, tin, nickel, and barium are placed in an electric furnace in accordance with the proportion to be smelted, and the smelted alloy is made into particles, and The granular alloy is placed in a ball mill and nano-silica dry ball milling is added to obtain an inoculant.
  • the protective agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of epoxy resin, 4-9 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 20-30 parts of polyethylene glycol, 1-5 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of polydimethylsiloxane and 3-8 parts of sodium stearate.
  • the protective agent is obtained by the following steps: under stirring conditions, epoxy resin, chitosan, and polydimethylsiloxane are sequentially added to polyethylene glycol. Alkane; after stirring for 30-40min, then add dimethyl silicone oil and sodium stearate in sequence, and stir for 20-30min to obtain the protective agent.
  • the processing technology of the present invention uses heat-resistant molding sand, so that the produced valve has a small wall thickness error, small surface trachomas, fewer internal pores and shrinkage holes, and a high valve yield.
  • the addition of rare earth elements in the alloy raw materials increases the hardenability of the alloy, significantly improves the strength, hardness and wear resistance, and also increases the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the alloy; meanwhile, it uses decarburization and inoculant technology, Make the alloy grains uniform and reduce casting defects;
  • segmented cooling will help improve the ductility of the alloy and increase the strength of the alloy
  • the molding sand raw material adopted by the invention is simple, the raw material cost is low, the heat resistance is good, and the produced casting is easy to peel off and the surface is smooth.
  • the inoculant used in the invention has simple components.
  • the matrix structure of the alloy melt can be refined and the grains can be refined, thereby improving the hardness of the valve, reducing the occurrence of pores, and reducing the different thicknesses of the valve.
  • the manufacturing method is simple, and nano-silica, aluminum, tin, nickel, and barium can be thoroughly mixed by ball milling.
  • the protective agent material of the invention is environmentally friendly and has a simple manufacturing method, which can quickly form a protective film on the surface of the valve, thereby prolonging the service life of the valve.
  • a processing technology of a copper alloy valve includes the following steps:
  • Molding sand molding Use heat-resistant molding sand to make sand molds around the mold, take out the mold to obtain sand molds, and heat the molds to 200-250 ° C for later use;
  • Cooling rapid cooling to 800-900 ° C, holding temperature for 10-20min; rapid cooling to 350-400 ° C, holding temperature for 20-30min; then leave to cool to room temperature;
  • the heat-resistant molding sand includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of zircon sand, 10 parts of quartz sand, 13 parts of furan resin, 1 part of ammonium chloride, 2 parts of water glass, and 5 parts of clay.
  • the inoculant includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of nano-silica, 20 parts of aluminum, 10 parts of tin, 10 parts of nickel, and 10 parts of barium.
  • the inoculant is obtained by the following steps: aluminum, tin, nickel, and barium are placed in an electric furnace in accordance with the ratio to be smelted, the smelted alloy is made into particles, and the granular alloy is placed in a ball mill to add nano dioxide The inoculant was obtained after silicon dry ball milling.
  • the protective agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of epoxy resin, 4 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 30 parts of polyethylene glycol, 1 part of chitosan, 10 parts of polydimethylsiloxane, and stearin 3 servings of sodium.
  • the protective agent is obtained by the following steps: under stirring conditions, epoxy resin, chitosan, and polydimethylsiloxane are sequentially added to the polyethylene glycol; after stirring for 30-40 minutes, two Methyl silicone oil and sodium stearate can be obtained by stirring for 20-30min.
  • a processing technology of a copper alloy valve includes the following steps:
  • Molding sand molding Use heat-resistant molding sand to make sand molds around the mold, take out the mold to obtain sand molds, and heat the molds to 200-250 ° C for later use;
  • Cooling rapid cooling to 800-900 ° C, holding temperature for 10-20min; rapid cooling to 350-400 ° C, holding temperature for 20-30min; then leave to cool to room temperature;
  • the heat-resistant molding sand includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of zircon sand, 20 parts of quartz sand, 10 parts of furan resin, 3 parts of ammonium chloride, 3 parts of water glass, and 9 parts of clay.
  • the inoculant includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of nano-silica, 30 parts of aluminum, 15 parts of tin, 15 parts of nickel, and 15 parts of barium.
  • the inoculant is obtained by the following steps: aluminum, tin, nickel, and barium are placed in an electric furnace in accordance with the ratio to be smelted, the smelted alloy is made into particles, and the granular alloy is placed in a ball mill to add nano dioxide The inoculant was obtained after silicon dry ball milling.
  • the protective agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of epoxy resin, 9 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 20 parts of polyethylene glycol, 5 parts of chitosan, 15 parts of polydimethylsiloxane, and stearin 8 parts of sodium.
  • the protective agent is obtained by the following steps: under stirring conditions, epoxy resin, chitosan, and polydimethylsiloxane are sequentially added to the polyethylene glycol; after stirring for 30-40 minutes, two Methyl silicone oil and sodium stearate can be obtained by stirring for 20-30min.
  • a processing technology of a copper alloy valve includes the following steps:
  • Molding sand molding Use heat-resistant molding sand to make sand molds around the mold, take out the mold to obtain sand molds, and heat the molds to 200-250 ° C for later use;
  • Cooling rapid cooling to 800-900 ° C, holding temperature for 10-20min; rapid cooling to 350-400 ° C, holding temperature for 20-30min; then leave to cool to room temperature;
  • the heat-resistant sand comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 88 parts of zircon sand, 12 parts of quartz sand, 12 parts of furan resin, 2 parts of ammonium chloride, 3 parts of water glass, and 6 parts of clay.
  • the inoculant includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of nano-silica, 24 parts of aluminum, 12 parts of tin, 12 parts of nickel, and 12 parts of barium.
  • the inoculant is obtained by the following steps: aluminum, tin, nickel, and barium are placed in an electric furnace in accordance with the ratio to be smelted, the smelted alloy is made into particles, and the granular alloy is placed in a ball mill to add nano dioxide The inoculant was obtained after silicon dry ball milling.
  • the protective agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36 parts of epoxy resin, 6 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 25 parts of polyethylene glycol, 3 parts of chitosan, 14 parts of polydimethylsiloxane, and stearin 5 parts of sodium.
  • the protective agent is obtained by the following steps: under stirring conditions, epoxy resin, chitosan, and polydimethylsiloxane are sequentially added to the polyethylene glycol; after stirring for 30-40 minutes, two Methyl silicone oil and sodium stearate can be obtained by stirring for 20-30min.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺。加工工艺包括以下几个步骤：（1）制作模具；（2）型砂造型；（3）熔炼；（4）浇注；（5）冷却；（6）表面处理：清理阀门表面，切除浇口、冒口、铲磨毛刺和披缝等凸出物，再次清理残砂，在阀门表面喷涂保护剂，即可得到铜合金阀门。加工工艺采用耐热型砂，使得生产出的阀门壁厚误差小、表面砂眼小、内部气孔和缩孔少，阀门良品率高；采用分段式冷却，有助于提高合金的延展性，同时提高合金强度；铸造完成后在阀门表面喷涂保护剂，减少对阀门的腐蚀，延长阀门的使用寿命。

Description

一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺 技术领域
本发明涉及一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，属于阀门加工技术领域。
背景技术
阀门是流体输送***中的控制部件，具有截止、调节、导流、防止逆流、稳压、分流或溢流泄压等功能。阀门根据材质分为铸铁阀门，铸钢阀门，不锈钢阀门，铬钼钢阀门，铬钼钒钢阀门，双相钢阀门，塑料阀门，非标订制等阀门材质。目前在铸钢行业中，铸钢件在铸造时通常要制造模具、浇注再进行阀门的后期处理，处理不当则得到的铸钢容易产生裂纹、砂眼、气孔等缺陷，影响了产品的质量，因此，合理的生产工艺成为本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
目前，防腐防垢合金材料多以铜为主体。中国专利(CN 105779814A)公开了一种合金材料，通过在合金材料中添加稀土元素来增加合金材料的防腐蚀和防垢性能。防腐蚀防垢合金材料具有无磁、无电、无能耗等优点，但是现有的防腐蚀防垢合金材料在防腐防垢性能方面仍需提高。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，包括以下几个步骤：
(1)制作模具：根据阀门的形状制作模具，模具上设置有冒口和浇口；
(2)型砂造型：在模具周围采用耐热型砂制作砂型，取出模具，得到砂型；砂型加热至200-250℃备用；
(3)熔炼：将原料置于三相电弧炉中，升温至1200-1350℃，转入脱碳炉，通入氧气，同时，加入孕育剂，得到合金熔液；所述原料为：铜30-35％，锌2-5％，镍3-4％，锡2-3％，钕1-2％，镧1-2％，铝0.2-0.5％，硅0.2-0.4％，碳0.1-0.2％，余下的为不可避免的杂质和铁；
(4)浇注：往砂型中浇注合金熔液，浇注温度为1300-1400℃；
(5)冷却：快速冷却至800-900℃，保温10-20min；快速降温至350-400℃，保温20-30min；然后静置冷却至室温；
(6)表面处理：清理阀门表面，切除浇口、冒口、铲磨毛刺和披缝等凸出物，再次清理残砂，在阀门表面喷涂保护剂，即可得到铜合金阀门。
所述的一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，所述耐热型砂包括以下重量份数的原料：锆英砂80-90份、石英砂10-20份、呋喃树脂10-13份、氯化铵1-3份、水玻璃2-3份和黏土5-9份。
所述的一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，所述孕育剂包括以下重量份数的原料：纳米二氧化硅2-5份、铝20-30份、锡10-15份、镍10-15份和钡10-15份。
所述的一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，所述孕育剂是通过以下步骤获得的：将铝、锡、镍和钡按照比例置于电炉中进行熔炼，熔炼后的合金制成颗粒状，将颗粒状的合金置于球磨机中加入纳米二氧化硅干法球磨后得到孕育剂。
所述的一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，所述保护剂包括以下重量份数的原料：环氧树脂30-40份、二甲基硅油4-9份、聚乙二醇20-30份、壳聚糖1-5份、聚二甲基硅氧烷10-15份和硬脂酸钠3-8份。
所述的一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，所述保护剂是通过以下步骤获得的：在搅拌条件下，依次向聚乙二醇内加入环氧树脂、壳聚糖和聚二甲基硅氧烷；搅拌30-40min后，再依次加入二甲基硅油和硬脂酸钠，搅拌20-30min即可得到保护剂。
本发明所达到的有益效果：
首先，本发明的加工工艺采用耐热型砂，使得生产出的阀门壁厚误差小、表面砂眼小、内部气孔和缩孔少，阀门良品率高；
其次，在合金原料中加入稀土元素，增加了合金的淬透性，显著提高强度、硬度和耐磨性，也增加了合金的耐蚀性和抗氧化能力；同时采用脱碳和孕育剂技术，使得合金晶粒均匀，减少铸造缺陷；
其次，采用分段式冷却，有助于提高合金的延展性，同时提高合金强度；
最后，铸造完成后在阀门表面喷涂保护剂，减少对阀门的腐蚀，延长阀门 的使用寿命。
本发明采用的型砂原料简单，原料成本低，耐热性好，生产出的铸件易剥离，表面光滑。
本发明采用的孕育剂组分简单，通过加入纳米二氧化硅，能够细化合金熔液的基体组织，细化晶粒，从而改善阀门的硬度，减少气孔的产生，而且能够减小阀门不同厚度处的硬度差别；制作方法简单，通过球磨，能够将纳米二氧化硅、铝、锡、镍和钡充分混合。
本发明的保护剂材料环保，制作方法简单，能够快速的在阀门表面形成一层保护膜，从而延长阀门使用寿命。
具体实施方式
以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，包括以下几个步骤：
(1)制作模具：根据阀门的形状制作模具，模具上设置有冒口和浇口；
(2)型砂造型：在模具周围采用耐热型砂制作砂型，取出模具，得到砂型；砂型加热至200-250℃备用；
(3)熔炼：将原料置于三相电弧炉中，升温至1200-1350℃，转入脱碳炉，通入氧气，同时，加入孕育剂，得到合金熔液；所述原料为：铜30-35％，锌2-5％，镍3-4％，锡2-3％，钕1-2％，镧1-2％，铝0.2-0.5％，硅0.2-0.4％，碳0.1-0.2％，余下的为不可避免的杂质和铁；孕育剂的加入量为0.02％；
(4)浇注：往砂型中浇注合金熔液，浇注温度为1300-1400℃；
(5)冷却：快速冷却至800-900℃，保温10-20min；快速降温至350-400℃，保温20-30min；然后静置冷却至室温；
(6)表面处理：清理阀门表面，切除浇口、冒口、铲磨毛刺和披缝等凸出物，再次清理残砂，在阀门表面喷涂保护剂，即可得到铜合金阀门。
所述耐热型砂包括以下重量份数的原料：锆英砂90份、石英砂10份、呋喃树脂13份、氯化铵1份、水玻璃2份和黏土5份。
所述孕育剂包括以下重量份数的原料：纳米二氧化硅2份、铝20份、锡10份、镍10份和钡10份。
所述孕育剂是通过以下步骤获得的：将铝、锡、镍和钡按照比例置于电炉中进行熔炼，熔炼后的合金制成颗粒状，将颗粒状的合金置于球磨机中加入纳米二氧化硅干法球磨后得到孕育剂。
所述保护剂包括以下重量份数的原料：环氧树脂40份、二甲基硅油4份、聚乙二醇30份、壳聚糖1份、聚二甲基硅氧烷10份和硬脂酸钠3份。
所述保护剂是通过以下步骤获得的：在搅拌条件下，依次向聚乙二醇内加入环氧树脂、壳聚糖和聚二甲基硅氧烷；搅拌30-40min后，再依次加入二甲基硅油和硬脂酸钠，搅拌20-30min即可得到保护剂。
实施例2
一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，包括以下几个步骤：
(1)制作模具：根据阀门的形状制作模具，模具上设置有冒口和浇口；
(2)型砂造型：在模具周围采用耐热型砂制作砂型，取出模具，得到砂型；砂型加热至200-250℃备用；
(3)熔炼：将原料置于三相电弧炉中，升温至1200-1350℃，转入脱碳炉，通入氧气，同时，加入孕育剂，得到合金熔液；所述原料为：铜30-35％，锌2-5％，镍3-4％，锡2-3％，钕1-2％，镧1-2％，铝0.2-0.5％，硅0.2-0.4％，碳0.1-0.2％，余下的为不可避免的杂质和铁；
(4)浇注：往砂型中浇注合金熔液，浇注温度为1300-1400℃；
(5)冷却：快速冷却至800-900℃，保温10-20min；快速降温至350-400℃，保温20-30min；然后静置冷却至室温；
(6)表面处理：清理阀门表面，切除浇口、冒口、铲磨毛刺和披缝等凸出物，再次清理残砂，在阀门表面喷涂保护剂，即可得到铜合金阀门。
所述耐热型砂包括以下重量份数的原料：锆英砂80份、石英砂20份、呋喃树脂10份、氯化铵3份、水玻璃3份和黏土9份。
所述孕育剂包括以下重量份数的原料：纳米二氧化硅5份、铝30份、锡15份、镍15份和钡15份。
所述孕育剂是通过以下步骤获得的：将铝、锡、镍和钡按照比例置于电炉中进行熔炼，熔炼后的合金制成颗粒状，将颗粒状的合金置于球磨机中加入纳米二氧化硅干法球磨后得到孕育剂。
所述保护剂包括以下重量份数的原料：环氧树脂30份、二甲基硅油9份、聚乙二醇20份、壳聚糖5份、聚二甲基硅氧烷15份和硬脂酸钠8份。
所述保护剂是通过以下步骤获得的：在搅拌条件下，依次向聚乙二醇内加入环氧树脂、壳聚糖和聚二甲基硅氧烷；搅拌30-40min后，再依次加入二甲基硅油和硬脂酸钠，搅拌20-30min即可得到保护剂。
实施例3
一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，包括以下几个步骤：
(1)制作模具：根据阀门的形状制作模具，模具上设置有冒口和浇口；
(2)型砂造型：在模具周围采用耐热型砂制作砂型，取出模具，得到砂型；砂型加热至200-250℃备用；
(3)熔炼：将原料置于三相电弧炉中，升温至1200-1350℃，转入脱碳炉，通入氧气，同时，加入孕育剂，得到合金熔液；所述原料为：铜30-35％，锌2-5％，镍3-4％，锡2-3％，钕1-2％，镧1-2％，铝0.2-0.5％，硅0.2-0.4％，碳0.1-0.2％，余下的为不可避免的杂质和铁；
(4)浇注：往砂型中浇注合金熔液，浇注温度为1300-1400℃；
(5)冷却：快速冷却至800-900℃，保温10-20min；快速降温至350-400℃，保温20-30min；然后静置冷却至室温；
(6)表面处理：清理阀门表面，切除浇口、冒口、铲磨毛刺和披缝等凸出物，再次清理残砂，在阀门表面喷涂保护剂，即可得到铜合金阀门。
所述耐热型砂包括以下重量份数的原料：锆英砂88份、石英砂12份、呋喃树脂12份、氯化铵2份、水玻璃3份和黏土6份。
所述孕育剂包括以下重量份数的原料：纳米二氧化硅3份、铝24份、锡12份、镍12份和钡12份。
所述孕育剂是通过以下步骤获得的：将铝、锡、镍和钡按照比例置于电炉中进行熔炼，熔炼后的合金制成颗粒状，将颗粒状的合金置于球磨机中加入纳 米二氧化硅干法球磨后得到孕育剂。
所述保护剂包括以下重量份数的原料：环氧树脂36份、二甲基硅油6份、聚乙二醇25份、壳聚糖3份、聚二甲基硅氧烷14份和硬脂酸钠5份。
所述保护剂是通过以下步骤获得的：在搅拌条件下，依次向聚乙二醇内加入环氧树脂、壳聚糖和聚二甲基硅氧烷；搅拌30-40min后，再依次加入二甲基硅油和硬脂酸钠，搅拌20-30min即可得到保护剂。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，其特征是，包括以下几个步骤：
    (1)制作模具：根据阀门的形状制作模具，模具上设置有冒口和浇口；
    (2)型砂造型：在模具周围采用耐热型砂制作砂型，取出模具，得到砂型；砂型加热至200-250℃备用；
    (3)熔炼：将原料置于三相电弧炉中，升温至1200-1350℃，转入脱碳炉，通入氧气，同时，加入孕育剂，得到合金熔液；所述原料为：铜30-35％，锌2-5％，镍3-4％，锡2-3％，钕1-2％，镧1-2％，铝0.2-0.5％，硅0.2-0.4％，碳0.1-0.2％，余下的为不可避免的杂质和铁；
    (4)浇注：往砂型中浇注合金熔液，浇注温度为1300-1400℃；
    (5)冷却：快速冷却至800-900℃，保温10-20min；快速降温至350-400℃，保温20-30min；然后静置冷却至室温；
    (6)表面处理：清理阀门表面，切除浇口、冒口、铲磨毛刺和披缝等凸出物，再次清理残砂，在阀门表面喷涂保护剂，即可得到铜合金阀门。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，其特征是，所述耐热型砂包括以下重量份数的原料：锆英砂80-90份、石英砂10-20份、呋喃树脂10-13份、氯化铵1-3份、水玻璃2-3份和黏土5-9份。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，其特征是，所述孕育剂包括以下重量份数的原料：纳米二氧化硅2-5份、铝20-30份、锡10-15份、镍10-15份和钡10-15份。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，其特征是，所述孕育剂是通过以下步骤获得的：将铝、锡、镍和钡按照比例置于电炉中进行熔炼，熔炼后的合金制成颗粒状，将颗粒状的合金置于球磨机中加入纳米二氧化硅干法球磨后得到孕育剂。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，其特征是，所述保护剂包括以下重量份数的原料：环氧树脂30-40份、二甲基硅油4-9份、聚乙二醇20-30份、壳聚糖1-5份、聚二甲基硅氧烷10-15份和硬脂酸钠3-8份。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种铜合金阀门的加工工艺，其特征是，所述保护剂是通过以下步骤获得的：在搅拌条件下，依次向聚乙二醇内加入环氧树脂、壳聚糖和聚二甲基硅氧烷；搅拌30-40min后，再依次加入二甲基硅油和硬脂酸钠，搅拌20-30min即可得到保护剂。
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