WO2020015554A1 - 一种复合锻轧金属管成形机 - Google Patents

一种复合锻轧金属管成形机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020015554A1
WO2020015554A1 PCT/CN2019/095280 CN2019095280W WO2020015554A1 WO 2020015554 A1 WO2020015554 A1 WO 2020015554A1 CN 2019095280 W CN2019095280 W CN 2019095280W WO 2020015554 A1 WO2020015554 A1 WO 2020015554A1
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forming
rolling
die
frame
forging
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PCT/CN2019/095280
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English (en)
French (fr)
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韩静涛
郝庆乐
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韩静涛
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Publication of WO2020015554A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020015554A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B17/00—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling
    • B21B17/02—Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling with mandrel, i.e. the mandrel rod contacts the rolled tube over the rod length

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  • the invention relates to the field of metal pipe forming equipment, and more particularly, to a compound forging and rolling metal pipe forming machine.
  • the equipment used for tube forming in the industry mainly consists of cyclic tube rolling mills, three-roll skew rolling mills and tension reducers.
  • the cyclic tube rolling machine feeds the tube material into a rolling groove composed of a core rod and a periodically reciprocating hole shape at a certain frequency.
  • the inner wall is supported by the core rod and gradually shrinks and changes the shape of the rolled tube blank.
  • the common type of cyclic tube rolling mill is mainly the two-roller Pilger rolling mill.
  • due to the reciprocating movement of the stand and rolls during the rolling process there are many moving parts and large inertia, which results in poor stability of the rolling process, and the rolling mill structure is complex, Maintenance and adjustment are more difficult; the dimensional accuracy of the tubes rolled by the two-roll mill is low, and the surface quality is poor.
  • the three rolls of the three-roll skew rolling mill are uniformly arranged around the rolling centerline at 120 °, and the roll axis is inclined and crossed at a certain angle (that is, the rolling angle and the feeding angle) to make the tube
  • the billet spirally advances under the action of the roll, and the outer surface of the rolled pipe will form a "spiral line", which affects the surface quality, and the "triangular" defect at the tail is easy to cause rolling.
  • the three-roller tension reducer generally consists of a series of holes with more than 10 frames.
  • the tension is provided by the speed difference between the speeds of the rolls of the adjacent frames, thereby completing the hollow reduction of the billet.
  • due to the large number of frames Therefore, the equipment investment is large, the production line is long, the floor area is large, and the equipment adjustment and control are more complicated.
  • the present invention provides a composite forging and rolling metal tube forming machine, which has fewer moving parts, less inertia, and stable rolling process; multi-directional forming can not only reduce the force of a single mold, but also It can improve the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of pipes; meanwhile, the number of racks is small, and the equipment investment is low.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a composite forging and rolling metal tube forming machine.
  • feeding device Including: feeding device, compound forging and rolling forming device and transmission device connected in sequence;
  • the composite forging and rolling forming device includes: forming die, bearing block connecting rod, stroke spur gear, rack, die track frame, forming frame; forming die is composed of three sector blocks, and is equidistant around the central axis of the tube blank at 120 ° Arrangement: With each fan-shaped mold block as the center, the bearing seat connecting rod and the stroke spur gear are symmetrically arranged on both sides, and the three are set on the same mold shaft; the forming mold is set on the mold rail frame, and the mold rail frame and the forming Frame fixed connection;
  • the transmission device includes: a transmission frame, a main transmission shaft, an intermediate transmission shaft, a transmission bevel gear and an eccentric wheel; the end of the transmission mechanism is three eccentric wheels, and the eccentric wheel is connected to the transmission bevel gear through the eccentric shaft; and the transmission bevel gear and The main drive shaft or intermediate drive shaft is connected; the main drive shaft and the intermediate drive shaft are placed in the drive frame through bearing positioning;
  • the three eccentric wheels are respectively connected to the bearing seat connecting rod of the compound forging and rolling device through the eccentric connecting rod.
  • the composite forging and rolling metal pipe forming machine further includes an induction heating device; the induction heating device is arranged between the feeding device and the composite forging and rolling forming device; the induction heating device is used for heating the blank during hot forming;
  • the induction heating device includes an induction heating coil and an induction heating equipment control cabinet.
  • the composite forging and rolling metal pipe forming machine further includes a material receiving device
  • the material receiving device is arranged after the composite forging and rolling forming device
  • the linear stroke range of the die block in the rolling direction is 0 to 325 mm, and the swing angle range of the die block is 0 to 116.5 °.
  • the moving displacement and rotation angle of the die are controlled by the stroke spur gear, so there is a strict correspondence at each moment.
  • the material receiving device and the material feeding device described above can adopt the material pick-up device commonly used in the prior art, and can achieve the effect of material pick-up.
  • a composite forging and rolling metal tube forming machine It consists of four parts: (1) the material transfer device, including the material receiving and feeding frame, is mainly composed of the blank feeding mechanism, the blank holding mechanism and the blank rotation mechanism, which can accurately control the tightening and relaxation of the blank, feeding and retreating And rotating action; (2) induction heating device, mainly composed of induction heating equipment and induction heating coil, mainly used for heating the blank during hot forming; (3) composite forging and rolling forming device, mainly composed of three fan-shaped die blocks Hole-making type, and at the same time cooperate with the corresponding core mold device to complete the forming of the blank; (4) The transmission device is mainly composed of a driving shaft and a driving gear and a corresponding crank link mechanism, and the mold can be moved by a motor-driven transmission device Synchronization and precise control.
  • the hydraulic chuck in the feeding (connecting) device is the blank holding mechanism, which provides the holding force required for the blank through hydraulic pressure to control the tightening and loosening of the blank; the hydraulic chuck is installed on the protrusion from the chuck seat.
  • One end of the shaft and the other end of the shaft are connected with a pair of reduction gears through a flat key.
  • the rotation of the reduction gear is controlled by a servo motor installed above the chuck seat.
  • the rotation of the blank can be realized by programming the servo motor; the above components are It is installed on a walking cart.
  • the walking cart is driven by a motor and moves forward and backward on the positioning guide by the walking guide wheel.
  • the induction heating device is mainly composed of an induction heating coil and an induction heating equipment control cabinet.
  • the composite forging and rolling forming device includes a forming die, a bearing link, a stroke spur gear, a rack, a mold rail frame, a fixed forming frame, and the like.
  • the forming die is composed of three fan-shaped blocks, and is arranged at an equal distance of 120 ° around the central axis of the tube blank (that is, the rolling centerline).
  • the profile of each fan-shaped block includes reducing, reducing, and sizing sections, which can realize the blank.
  • Forming; with each fan-shaped mold block as the center, the bearing seat connecting rod and the stroke spur gear are symmetrically arranged on both sides thereof, and the three are installed on the same mold shaft.
  • the bearing block connecting rod is reciprocated and linearly moved by the transmission mechanism.
  • This movement is transmitted by the mold shaft to make the stroke spur gear reciprocate linearly and rotationally on the rack meshing with it; due to the fan-shaped mold block and the stroke spur gear During the movement, it is relatively stationary, so each fan-shaped mold block also performs reciprocating rectilinear and rotary motions at the same time.
  • the above components are placed in the mold rail frame, and the rail frame and the fixed forming frame are firmly connected by bolts, and the two remain stationary during the forming process.
  • the linear stroke range of the die along the rolling direction is 0 to 325mm, and the die swing angle range is 0 to 116.5 °.
  • the moving displacement and rotation angle of the die are controlled by the spur gear, so there is a strict correspondence at every moment.
  • Transmission devices include: transmission frame, main transmission shaft, intermediate transmission shaft, transmission bevel gear, eccentric wheel, etc.
  • the power of the motor is input by the main drive shaft, and the "one drag three" multi-direction distribution is realized through the intermediate drive shaft and the transmission bevel gear.
  • the connecting rods are connected to form three sets of crank connecting rod mechanisms, thereby realizing the reciprocating linear movement of the bearing block connecting rods; the three eccentric wheels rotate at the same speed and the same angle of rotation, which ensures the synchronization of the movement of the three sector mold blocks.
  • the forming steps of the metal pipe blank of the present invention are:
  • the motor of the walking carriage is started, which drives the guide 3 of the walking carriage to move on the positioning guide, so as to push the blank forward.
  • the blank is heated by the induction heating coil and sent to the forming frame (directly after the blank is fed during cold forming) Into the forming frame);
  • the servo motor will drive a pair of reduction gears to rotate the hydraulic chuck and the billet by 15 to 90 °, while continuing to feed the billet into the swing forming frame to form again;
  • the forming mold described in the present invention is composed of three fan-shaped swinging mold blocks, which are arranged at an equal distance around the central axis of the tube blank.
  • the mold blocks are synchronously swung by a crank link mechanism driven by a motor, and the mold blocks are connected around it. While the shaft is rotating, the connecting shaft is performing reciprocating linear motion.
  • the linear stroke range of the mold along the rolling direction is 0 to 325 mm, and the mold swing angle range is 0 to 116.5 °. At each moment, its displacement and rotation angle strictly correspond.
  • the splicing device described in the present invention is used to form a blank with a fixed length of 0.5-10m.
  • the splicing device may not be used; the induction heating device is used for heating the blank during thermoforming. , Not used during cold forming;
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the rolling process is stable, avoiding equipment vibration caused by the reciprocating movement of the cyclic tube rolling mill frame; the number of frames is small, which is convenient for adjustment and control; continuous forming will not cause rolling card or tail "triangular" defects; the total equipment investment is low, accounting for The floor area is small.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a composite forging and rolling metal pipe forming machine according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transmission device of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a composite forging and rolling forming apparatus according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a side sectional view of Fig. 3
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an induction heating coil of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a core mold device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a feeding device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a receiving device of the present invention.
  • feeding device Including: feeding device, compound forging and rolling forming device, transmission device, induction heating device and receiving device connected in sequence;
  • the composite forging and rolling forming device includes: forming die, bearing block connecting rod, stroke spur gear, rack, die track frame, forming frame; forming die is composed of three sector blocks, and is equidistant around the central axis of the tube blank at 120 ° Arrangement: With each fan-shaped mold block as the center, the bearing seat connecting rod and the stroke spur gear are symmetrically arranged on both sides, and the three are set on the same mold shaft; the forming mold is set on the mold rail frame, and the mold rail frame and the forming Frame fixed connection;
  • the transmission device includes: a transmission frame, a main transmission shaft, an intermediate transmission shaft, a transmission bevel gear and an eccentric wheel; the end of the transmission mechanism is three eccentric wheels, and the eccentric wheel is connected to the transmission bevel gear through the eccentric shaft; and the transmission bevel gear and The main drive shaft or intermediate drive shaft is connected; the main drive shaft and the intermediate drive shaft are placed in the drive frame through bearing positioning;
  • the three eccentric wheels are respectively connected to the bearing seat connecting rod of the compound forging and rolling device through the eccentric connecting rod.
  • the induction heating device is arranged between the feeding device and the composite forging and rolling forming device; the induction heating device is used for heating the blank during hot forming; the induction heating device includes: an induction heating coil and an induction heating equipment control cabinet.
  • the material receiving device is arranged after the composite forging and rolling forming device
  • the linear travel range of the mold block in the rolling direction is 0 to 325 mm, and the swing angle range of the mold block is 0 to 116.5 °.
  • the moving displacement and rotation angle of the mold are controlled by the spur gear, so there is a strict correspondence at each moment.
  • the blank 6 is installed on the feeding frame 8.
  • the front of the blank is supported by the feeding support roller 26, and the tail of the blank is tightened by the hydraulic chuck 27 to ensure that the core mold 7 passes through the inner hole of the blank 6.
  • the trolley motor 38 starts And guide the trolley 33 on the positioning guide 34 to move the billet.
  • the billet enters the induction heating coil 4, it is quickly heated to the target temperature, and then sent to the forming frame 3 (blank feed during cold forming) And then directly into the forming frame without heating).
  • three fan-shaped mold blocks 21 are arranged at an equal distance of 120 ° around the central axis of the tube blank.
  • the fan-shaped mold blocks 21 and a pair of stroke spur gears 23 are fixed on the mold shaft 22 through a flat key connection, and the bearing seat is connected to The rod 20 cooperates with the mold shaft 22 through the bearing.
  • the stroke spur gear reciprocates and linearly moves on the rack 24.
  • the sector mold block, the stroke spur gear, the bearing block connecting rod, the mold shaft and the rack are installed on the mold track frame.
  • the mold rail frame is fixed on the forming frame 3 by bolting.
  • the motor drives the main transmission shaft 11 and rotates through the bevel gear A12 and the intermediate transmission shaft 16, driving the bevel gear B13, the bevel gear C14, the bevel gear D15, and the eccentric shaft 17 and the eccentric 18 to rotate.
  • the eccentric wheel 18 is connected to the bearing block connecting rod 20 through a connecting shaft 19 and an eccentric link 9 and drives a spur gear and a mold to perform synchronous reciprocating rotation and linear motion.
  • the reduction pinion 29, the reduction gear 30, and the hydraulic chuck 27 are driven by the servo motor 28 to rotate the billet by 15-90 °, while continuing to feed the billet into the re-formation.
  • the front end of the blank enters the receiving rack 1, it is supported by the receiving support roller 39, the front end of the blank is tightened by the hydraulic chuck of the receiving rack 1, and the hydraulic chuck of the feeding rack 8 loosens the tail end of the blank.
  • the blank is further formed by the receiving device until the entire tube blank is formed, and then the blank is cooled and cut to a certain length.
  • the Q235 high frequency straight seam welded pipe is selected as the blank, the original outer diameter of the blank is 86mm, the wall thickness is 4.5mm, and the fixed length is 3m;
  • the starting carriage motor 38 drives the feeding hydraulic cylinder motor gear 39 to rotate on the feeding positioning guide 32, the starting carriage motor 38 starts and drives the walking trolley guide wheel 33 to move on the positioning guide 34, and drives the blank to enter at 1.5m / min.
  • the feed speed is advanced by 25mm, and the billet is heated to 1000 ° C through the induction heating coil 4 and sent to the forming frame 3;
  • the copper tube is selected as the blank, the original outer diameter of the blank is 60mm, the wall thickness is 4mm, and the length of the fixed length is 6m;
  • the starting of the trolley motor 38 drives the feeding hydraulic cylinder motor gear 39 to rotate on the feed positioning guide 32.
  • the trolley motor 38 starts and drives the trolley guide wheel 33 to move on the positioning guide 34, which drives the blank to feed at 3m / min.
  • the speed is advanced by 10mm and fed into the forming frame 3;

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种复合锻轧金属管成形机，包括：依次连接的送料装置、复合锻轧成形装置和传动装置；复合锻轧成形装置包括：成形模具、轴承座连杆（20）、行程直齿轮（23）、齿条（24）、模具轨道框（25）、成形机架（3）；成形模具由三个扇形块（21）构成，并绕管坯中心轴线呈120°等距布置；以每个扇形模具块为中心，在其两侧分别对称设置轴承座连杆和行程直齿轮，三者设置于同一模具轴（22）上；成形模具设置于模具轨道框中，模具轨道框与成形机架固定连接。该成形机运动部件少、惯性小，轧制过程稳定；多向成形不仅可以减小单个模具受力，还可提高管材的尺寸精度和表面质量；同时机架数量较少，设备投资低。

Description

一种复合锻轧金属管成形机 技术领域
本发明涉及金属管材成形设备领域，进一步地说，是涉及一种复合锻轧金属管成形机。
背景技术
目前工业上用于管材成形的设备主要由周期式轧管机、三辊斜轧机和张力减径机。
周期式轧管机是将管材按一定频率送进由芯棒和周期往复运动的孔型所组成的轧槽内，内壁在芯棒的支撑下，靠逐渐收缩的变断面孔型碾压管坯，实现减径和减壁功能。周期式轧管机常见的主要是二辊皮尔格轧机，但是由于在轧制过程中机架和轧辊往复运动，运动部件多且惯性大，造成轧制过程稳定性较差，且轧机结构复杂、维护调整较为困难；二辊式轧机所轧管材尺寸精度低、表面质量差。
三辊斜轧机的三个轧辊之间呈120°均匀排布在轧制中心线的周围，轧辊轴线与轧制中心线倾斜、交叉成一定角度(即辗轧角与喂入角)，使管坯在轧辊作用下螺旋前进，其所轧管材外表面会形成“螺旋线”，影响表面质量，尾部容易出现“三角形”缺陷而造成轧卡。
三辊张力减径机一般由10个以上的机架组成一系列孔型，通过相邻机架轧辊转速的速度差来提供张力，从而完成管坯的空心减径，但由于机架数目较大，因此设备投资很大，生产线较长，占地面积较大，设备调整和控制较为复杂。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中出现的问题，本发明提供了一种复合锻轧金属管成形机， 其运动部件少、惯性小，轧制过程稳定；多向成形不仅可以减小单个模具受力，还可提高管材的尺寸精度和表面质量；同时机架数量较少，设备投资低。
本发明的目的是提供一种复合锻轧金属管成形机。
包括：依次连接的送料装置、复合锻轧成形装置和传动装置；
复合锻轧成形装置包括：成形模具、轴承座连杆、行程直齿轮、齿条、模具轨道框、成形机架；成形模具由三个扇形块构成，并绕管坯中心轴线呈120°等距布置；以每个扇形模具块为中心，在其两侧分别对称设置轴承座连杆和行程直齿轮，三者设置于同一模具轴上；成形模具设置于模具轨道框中，模具轨道框与成形机架固定连接；
传动装置包括：传动机架、主传动轴、中间传动轴、传动锥齿轮和偏心轮；传动机构的末端是三个偏心轮，偏心轮分别通过偏心轮轴连接传动锥齿轮；并通过传动锥齿轮与主传动轴或中间传动轴连接；主传动轴和中间传动轴通过轴承定位被放置在传动机架中；
三个偏心轮分别通过偏心轮连杆与复合锻轧成形装置的轴承座连杆连接。
优选：
所述复合锻轧金属管成形机还包括感应加热装置；感应加热装置设置在送料装置和复合锻轧成形装置之间；感应加热装置用于热成形时坯料的加热；
所述感应加热装置包括：感应加热线圈和感应加热设备控制柜。
所述复合锻轧金属管成形机还包括接料装置；
所述接料装置设置在复合锻轧成形装置之后；
模具块沿轧向的直线行程范围为0～325mm，模具块摆动角度范围为0～116.5°，模具的移动位移和旋转角度受行程直齿轮控制，因而每一时刻都存在严格对应关系。
以上所述的接料装置和送料装置可采用现有技术中通常的接送料装置，能达到接送料的效果即可。
本发明具体可采用以下技术方案：
一种复合锻轧金属管成形机。包括四部分组成：(1)接送料装置，包括接料和送料机架，主要由坯料送进机构、坯料夹持机构和坯料旋转机构组成，可以精确控制坯料的加紧和放松、进给和后退以及旋转动作；(2)感应加热装置，主要由感应加热设备和感应加热线圈组成，主要用于热成形时坯料的加热；(3)复合锻轧成形装置，主要由三个扇形模具块组成轧制孔型，同时配合相应的芯模装置来共同完成坯料的成形；(4)传动装置，主要由传动轴和传动齿轮以及相应的曲柄连杆机构构成，通过电机驱动传动装置可以实现对模具运动的同步、精确控制。
其中送(接)料装置中的液压夹头即为坯料夹持机构，通过液压力提供坯料所需的夹持力，控制坯料的加紧和放松；液压夹头安装于从夹头座伸出的轴的一端，轴的另一端与一对减速齿轮通过平键连接，减速齿轮的旋转由安装于夹头座上方的伺服电机控制，可以通过对伺服电机的编程实现坯料的旋转动作；以上部件被安装于行走小车上，行走小车被电机驱动，通过行走导轮在定位导轨上前进和后退。
感应加热装置主要由感应加热线圈和感应加热设备控制柜组成。
复合锻轧成形装置包括：成形模具、轴承座连杆、行程直齿轮、齿条、模具轨道框、固定式成形机架等。成形模具由三个扇形块构成，并绕管坯中心轴线(即轧制中心线)呈120°等距布置，每个扇形块型面包括减径、减壁和定径段，可以实现坯料的成形；以每个扇形模具块为中心，在其两侧分别对称设置轴承座连杆和行程直齿轮，三者被安装于同一模具轴上。工作时，轴承座连杆被传动机构带动作往复直线运动，这种运动通过模具轴的传递使得行程直齿轮在与其啮合的齿条上作往复直线和旋转运动；由于扇形模具块与行程直齿轮在运动过程中相对静止，因而每个扇形模具块也同时作往复直线和旋转运动。上述部件被放置于模具轨道框中，轨道框与固定式成形机架通过螺栓实现牢固连接，二者在成形过程中保持静止。模具沿轧向的直线行程范围为0～325mm，模具摆动角度范围为0～116.5°，模具的移动位移和旋转角度受直齿轮控制，因而每 一时刻都存在严格对应关系。
传动装置包括：传动机架、主传动轴、中间传动轴、传动锥齿轮、偏心轮等。电动机动力由主传动轴输入，并通过中间传动轴和传动锥齿轮实现“一拖三”多向分配；传动机构的末端是三个偏心轮，三个偏心轮分别与轴承座连杆通过偏心轮连杆连接，组成三组曲柄连杆机构，从而实现了轴承座连杆的往复直线运动；三个偏心轮等速、等转角转动，保证了三个扇形模具块运动的同步性。
本发明的金属管坯的成形步骤为：
(1)选取坯料，切定尺；
(2)将坯料安装在送料机架上，坯料前端由送料支撑辊支撑，坯料尾部由液压夹头加紧，保证芯模穿过坯料内孔；
(3)行走小车电机启动，带动行走小车导3在定位导轨上移动，从而推动坯料向前进给；通过感应加热线圈，将坯料加热后，送进成形机架(冷成形时坯料进给后直接送入成形机架)；
(4)坯料完成一次成形之后，伺服电机会带动一对减速齿轮、使液压夹头和坯料旋转15～90°，同时继续将坯料送进摆动成形机架再次成形；
(5)当坯料前端进入接料机架时，通过支撑辊支撑，由接料机架的液压夹头加紧，同时送料机架的液压夹头将管坯尾端松开，之后管坯在接料液压夹头的带动下进一步进给成形，直至整根管坯完成变形；
(6)冷却和定尺剪切；
本发明中所述的成形模具由三个扇形摆动的模具块构成，绕管坯中心轴线呈120°等距布置，模具块通过由电机驱动的曲柄连杆机构进行同步摆动，模具块绕其连接轴旋转的同时连接轴在做往复直线运动，模具沿轧向的直线行程范围为0～325mm，模具摆动角度范围为0～116.5°，每一时刻其移动位移和旋转角度严格对应。
本发明中所述的接料装置用于成形定尺长度0.5-10m的坯料，成形定尺长度较短的坯料时，接料装置可以不予使用；感应加热装置用于热成形时坯料的加 热，冷成形时不予使用；
本发明与现有的技术相比，所具有的有益效果在于：
轧制过程稳定，避免了周期式轧管机机架往复运动造成的设备震动；机架数量少，便于调节控制；连续成形不会出现轧卡或尾部“三角”缺陷；设备总投资低，占地面积小。
附图说明
图1是本发明的复合锻轧金属管成形机示意图；
图2是本发明的传动装置示意图；
图3是本发明的复合锻轧成形装置示意图；
图4是图3的侧视剖面图
图5是本发明的感应加热线圈示意图；
图6是本发明的芯模装置示意图；
图7是本发明的送料装置示意图；
图8是本发明的接料装置示意图；
附图标记说明：
1接料机架；2传动机架；3成形机架；4感应加热线圈；5感应加热设备控制柜；6坯料；7芯模；8送料机架；9偏心轮连杆；10成形机架底座；11主传动轴；12相互啮合的传动锥齿轮A；13相互啮合的传动锥齿轮B；14相互啮合的传动锥齿轮C；15相互啮合的传动锥齿轮D；16中间传动轴；17偏心轮轴；18偏心轮；19连接轴；20轴承座连杆；21扇形模具块；22模具轴；23行程直齿轮；24齿条；25模具轨道框；26送料支撑辊；27液压夹头；28伺服电机；29减速小齿轮；30减速大齿轮；31夹头座；32行走小车；33行走小车导轮；34定位导轨；35芯模定位座；36送料平台；37支撑腿；38行走小车电机；39接料支撑辊。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，进一步说明本发明。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本实用新型进行详细说明：
实施例1：
如图1～8所示，一种复合锻轧金属管成形机。
包括：依次连接的送料装置、复合锻轧成形装置、传动装置、感应加热装置和接料装置；
复合锻轧成形装置包括：成形模具、轴承座连杆、行程直齿轮、齿条、模具轨道框、成形机架；成形模具由三个扇形块构成，并绕管坯中心轴线呈120°等距布置；以每个扇形模具块为中心，在其两侧分别对称设置轴承座连杆和行程直齿轮，三者设置于同一模具轴上；成形模具设置于模具轨道框中，模具轨道框与成形机架固定连接；
传动装置包括：传动机架、主传动轴、中间传动轴、传动锥齿轮和偏心轮；传动机构的末端是三个偏心轮，偏心轮分别通过偏心轮轴连接传动锥齿轮；并通过传动锥齿轮与主传动轴或中间传动轴连接；主传动轴和中间传动轴通过轴承定位被放置在传动机架中；
三个偏心轮分别通过偏心轮连杆与复合锻轧成形装置的轴承座连杆连接。
感应加热装置设置在送料装置和复合锻轧成形装置之间；感应加热装置用于热成形时坯料的加热；所述感应加热装置包括：感应加热线圈和感应加热设备控制柜。
所述接料装置设置在复合锻轧成形装置之后；
模具块沿轧向的直线行程范围为0～325mm，模具块摆动角度范围为0～116.5°，模具的移动位移和旋转角度受直齿轮控制，因而每一时刻都存在严格对应关系。
具体地，
将坯料6安装在送料机架8上，坯料前端由送料支撑辊26支撑，坯料尾部 由液压夹头27加紧，保证芯模7穿过坯料6内孔；坯料送进时，行走小车电机38启动并带动行走小车导轮33在定位导轨34上移动，从而带动坯料前进；当坯料进入感应加热线圈4时，被迅速加热到目标温度，接着被送进成形机架3(冷成形时坯料进给后不经加热直接送入成形机架)。在成形机架3内，三个扇形模具块21绕管坯中心轴线呈120°等距布置，扇形模具块21与一对行程直齿轮23通过平键连接固定在模具轴22上，轴承座连杆20通过轴承与模具轴22形成配合，行程直齿轮在齿条24上作往复旋转和直线运动，扇形模具块、行程直齿轮、轴承座连杆、模具轴和齿条均安装在模具轨道框25上，模具轨道框通过螺栓连接固定在成形机架3上。在传动机架2内，电机驱动主传动轴11，并通过锥齿轮A12和中间传动轴16转动，带动锥齿轮B13、锥齿轮C14、锥齿轮D15及偏心轮轴17和偏心轮18转动。偏心轮18通过连接轴19和偏心轮连杆9与轴承座连杆20连接，驱动形成直齿轮和模具进行同步的往复旋转和直线运动。坯料完成一次成形之后，通过伺服电机28带动减速小齿轮29、减速大齿轮30和液压夹头27转动使得坯料旋转15-90°，同时继续将坯料送进再次成形。当坯料前端进入接料机架1时，通过接料支撑辊39支撑，由接料机架1的液压夹头将坯料前端加紧，同时送料机架8的液压夹头将坯料尾端松开，之后坯料在接料装置的带动下进一步成形，直至整根管坯完成成形，之后冷却、定尺剪切。
实施例2
制备过程：
(1)选取Q235高频直缝焊管为坯料，坯料原始外径86mm，壁厚4.5mm，定尺长度为3m；
(2)将坯料安装在送料机架8上，坯料前端由送料支撑辊26支撑，坯料尾部由送料液压夹头27加紧，保证芯模7穿过坯料内孔；
(3)行走小车电机38启动带动送料液压缸电机齿轮39在送料定位导轨32上转动，行走小车电机38启动并带动行走小车导轮33在定位导轨34上移动，带动坯料以1.5m/min进给速度前进25mm，通过感应加热线圈4，将坯料加热到 1000℃后，送进成形机架3；
(4)坯料完成一次成形之后，通过伺服电机28带动减速齿轮29、30和送料液压夹头27转动让管坯旋转60°，同时继续将坯料送进经过感应线圈4加热之后再次成形；
(5)直至坯料前端进入接料机架1时，通过支撑辊39支撑，由接料机架1的接料液压夹头加紧，同时送料液压夹头将管坯尾端松开，之后管坯在接料装置的带动下进一步进给成形，直至整根管坯完成成形；
(6)冷却和定尺剪切；
实施例3
((1)选取紫铜管为坯料，坯料原始外径60mm，壁厚4mm，定尺长度为6m；
(2)将坯料安装在送料机架8上，坯料前端由送料支撑辊26支撑，坯料尾部由送料液压夹头27加紧，保证芯模7穿过坯料内孔；
(3)行走小车电机38启动带动送料液压缸电机齿轮39在送料定位导轨32上转动，行走小车电机38启动并带动行走小车导轮33在定位导轨34上移动，带动坯料以3m/min进给速度前进10mm，送进成形机架3；
(4)坯料完成一次成形之后，通过伺服电机28带动减速齿轮29、30和送料液压夹头27转动让管坯旋转45°，同时继续将坯料送进再次成形；
(5)直至坯料前端进入接料机架1时，通过支撑辊39支撑，由接料机架1的接料液压夹头加紧，同时送料液压夹头将管坯尾端松开，之后管坯在接料装置的带动下进一步进给成形，直至整根管坯完成成形；
(6)冷却和定尺剪切；
以上所述是本实用新型的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术来说，在不脱离本发明所述的原理前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种复合锻轧金属管成形机，其特征在于：
    所述复合锻轧金属管成形机包括：依次连接的送料装置、复合锻轧成形装置和传动装置；
    复合锻轧成形装置包括：成形模具、轴承座连杆、行程直齿轮、齿条、模具轨道框、成形机架；成形模具由三个扇形块构成，并绕管坯中心轴线呈120°等距布置；以每个扇形模具块为中心，在其两侧分别对称设置轴承座连杆和行程直齿轮，三者设置于同一模具轴上；成形模具设置于模具轨道框中，模具轨道框与成形机架固定连接；
    传动装置包括：传动机架、主传动轴、中间传动轴、传动锥齿轮和偏心轮；传动机构的末端是三个偏心轮，偏心轮分别通过偏心轮轴连接传动锥齿轮；并通过传动锥齿轮与主传动轴或中间传动轴连接；主传动轴和中间传动轴通过轴承定位被放置在传动机架中；
    三个偏心轮分别通过偏心轮连杆与复合锻轧成形装置的轴承座连杆连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的复合锻轧金属管成形机，其特征在于：
    所述复合锻轧金属管成形机包括感应加热装置；感应加热装置设置在送料装置和复合锻轧成形装置之间。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的复合锻轧金属管成形机，其特征在于：.
    所述感应加热装置包括：感应加热线圈和感应加热设备控制柜。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的复合锻轧金属管成形机，其特征在于：
    所述复合锻轧金属管成形机包括接料装置；
    所述接料装置设置在复合锻轧成形装置之后。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的复合锻轧金属管成形机，其特征在于：
    模具块沿轧向的直线行程范围为0～325mm，模具块摆动角度范围为0～116.5°。
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