WO2019239515A1 - 酸化装置、水処理装置、水処理方法、オゾン水生成方法、および、洗浄方法 - Google Patents
酸化装置、水処理装置、水処理方法、オゾン水生成方法、および、洗浄方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/16—Feed pretreatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
- C02F1/36—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations ultrasonic vibrations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/74—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with air
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/001—Upstream control, i.e. monitoring for predictive control
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/003—Downstream control, i.e. outlet monitoring, e.g. to check the treating agents, such as halogens or ozone, leaving the process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
- C02F2209/006—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC] comprising a software program or a logic diagram
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/04—Oxidation reduction potential [ORP]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Definitions
- the present application is based on an oxidizer that performs treatment of an oxidizable substance in water to be treated, a water treatment device that includes the oxidizer, a water treatment method that uses the oxidizer, and water that has been treated by the water treatment method.
- the present invention relates to an ozone water generation method of ozone water to be generated and a cleaning method using the ozone water.
- Water treatment technology using ozone is widely applied in water purification and wastewater treatment.
- this water treatment technology for example, when ozone gas is directly supplied to the wastewater to be treated to decompose impurities such as organic matter contained in the wastewater, or the impurities in the wastewater are filtered through a filter membrane to obtain clean water.
- ozone water is produced as a cleaning agent for a filtration membrane to which impurities are attached (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- ozone dissolved in water dissolved ozone
- dissolved ozone is common in that it is used to decompose organic matter in wastewater or organic matter adhering to the filtration membrane, and dissolved ozone can be stably added to the water. It is important to be present.
- ozone may also be consumed by reacting with substances other than organic substances to be removed.
- ozone easily reacts with oxidizable inorganic substances such as iron, manganese and nitrous acid, and their presence is an inhibitor for the purpose of stably securing the dissolved ozone concentration. Therefore, in order to prevent ozone from being consumed due to the reaction between the oxidizable inorganic substance in water and ozone, air is blown prior to supplying ozone to the water, and the water is aerated to oxidize the substance.
- Patent Document 2 has been disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- JP 2004-105876 A paragraphs [0008] to [0012], FIG. 4
- paragraph [0067] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-253940
- Carbonic acid radicals are known to act as radical scavengers, and excessive air supply can reduce the effect of cleaning membranes with ozone water. From the above, there is a need for a technique that can sufficiently remove oxidizable substances from water without supplying excessive air to the water.
- the present application discloses a technique for solving the above-described problems, and an oxidation apparatus that can supply an oxidizing substance containing an oxidizing substance to water to be treated without excess or deficiency, and the oxidation apparatus.
- An object is to provide a cleaning method using the ozone water.
- the oxidation apparatus disclosed in the present application is: An oxidizer for contacting an oxidizable substance containing an oxidizable substance with water to be treated to oxidize the oxidizable substance contained in the treated water, An oxidizing part for bringing the oxidizing substance into contact with the water to be treated; A measurement unit for measuring the water quality of the treated water; Based on a first change amount obtained by controlling the oxidation unit and obtaining a temporal change in a measurement value obtained by measuring the water quality of the treated water by the measurement unit, the oxidizability in the treated water. A controller that determines the oxidation progress of the substance and determines whether to continue or stop the supply of the oxidizing substance to the water to be treated. Is.
- the water treatment device disclosed in the present application is An oxidizer configured as described above; A filtration unit for producing filtered water by filtering organic substances in the raw water; A first transfer unit that transfers the filtered water as the treated water to the oxidation unit; An ozone water generation unit that generates ozone water by supplying ozone gas to the water to be treated, for which supply of the oxidizing substance is determined to be stopped; A second transfer unit that transfers the ozone water to the filtration unit; Is.
- the water treatment method disclosed in the present application is: A water treatment method for contacting an oxidizing substance containing an oxidizing substance with water to be treated to oxidize the oxidizing substance contained in the water to be treated, Based on a first change amount obtained by a temporal change in a measurement value obtained by measuring the water quality of the treated water, an oxidation progress of the oxidizable substance in the treated water is determined, and the treated water Decide to continue or stop supplying the oxidizing substance to the water; Is.
- ozone water generation method is: In the water treatment method configured as described above, ozone water is generated by supplying ozone gas to the water to be treated for which the supply of the oxidizing substance is determined to be stopped. Is.
- the cleaning method disclosed in the present application is: Cleaning the portion to be cleaned using the ozone water generated by the ozone water generation method configured as described above. Is.
- the ozone water generation method disclosed in the present application generates ozone water based on the water to be treated from which the oxidizable substances are sufficiently removed while reducing the dissolution of carbonate radicals, and thus has a high cleaning effect. Ozone water can be obtained. Further, since the cleaning method disclosed in the present application cleans the portion to be cleaned using ozone water having a high cleaning effect, the effect of removing dirt in the portion to be cleaned can be improved.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a method for treating water to be treated by an oxidation apparatus according to Embodiment 3. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the water treatment apparatus by Embodiment 4. It is a flowchart which shows the to-be-processed water processing method of the water treatment apparatus by Embodiment 4.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a water treatment apparatus 100 having an oxidation apparatus 50 according to the first embodiment.
- the water treatment apparatus 100 includes a filtration unit 1 that filters organic matter and the like in raw water X to be filtered to generate filtered water, and a filtration obtained by the filtration unit 1.
- a first transfer unit 10 that transfers water Y as treated water to the subsequent oxidizer 50, an oxidizer 50 that oxidizes oxidizable substances such as iron, manganese, and nitrous acid contained in the filtered water Y, and filtered water
- generation part 60 which supplies ozone gas with respect to Y and produces
- the filtration unit 1 includes a filtration membrane 2 that filters the raw water X, a filtered water tank 3 that accommodates the filtration membrane 2, and a raw water pipe 4 that supplies the raw water X to the filtered water layer 3.
- the filtered water tank 3 is filled with raw water X, and the filtration membrane 2 is immersed in the raw water X.
- the raw water X is not particularly limited, and may be natural water collected from, for example, a river, a lake, or the ocean, or may be wastewater such as sewage or industrial wastewater.
- the first transfer unit 10 includes a filtration pipe 15 connected to the filtration membrane 2, switching valves 11 ⁇ / b> A and 11 ⁇ / b> B installed on the filtration pipe 15, and a filtration pump 12.
- a cleaning water pipe 22 is connected to the switching valve 11A.
- a washing water pipe 16 is connected to the switching valve 11B.
- the cleaning water pipe 16 is further connected to the oxidizer 50. Note that the flow path of the filtrate Y can be changed by operating the switching valve 11A and the switching valve 11B, which will be described later.
- the filtered water Y is sucked out from the filtration unit 1.
- the filtered water Y as the treated water sucked out is transferred to the oxidizer 50 through the switching valve 11A and the switching valve 11B.
- the oxidizer 50 includes an oxidizing unit 54 that makes the pretreatment gas P as an oxidizing substance containing an oxidizing substance such as oxygen contact the filtered water Y, a control unit 55 that controls the oxidizing unit 54, and filtered water Y And a water quality measuring device 56 as a measuring unit for measuring the water quality.
- a water quality measuring device 56 for example, a pH meter, a DO (dissolved oxygen concentration) meter, or an ORP (standard oxidation-reduction potential) meter is used alone or in combination.
- the oxidation unit 54 is supplied from the treated water tank 51 in which the filtrate Y transferred by the first transfer unit 10 is stored, the pretreatment gas supply device 52 that supplies the pretreatment gas P, and the pretreatment gas supply device 52.
- a pretreatment gas supply pipe 53 for ejecting the pretreatment gas P to be discharged into the filtrate Y stored in the treatment water tank 51 is provided.
- the control unit 55 receives the water quality measurement result obtained by the water quality measurement device 56, performs a calculation described later based on this result, and controls the output of the pretreatment gas P.
- the control unit 55 can receive a signal from the water quality measuring device 56 such as a programmable logic controller (PLC), a C language controller, a general-purpose personal computer, and the like, and can perform a predetermined calculation described later based on the received signal. Any device can be used. Further, for example, an operation manager as a control unit may perform an operation along a pre-designated calculation described later.
- PLC programmable logic controller
- C language controller a general-purpose personal computer
- the ozone water generator 60 includes an ozone generator 61 that generates ozone gas, and an ozone gas supply pipe 62 that supplies the generated ozone gas into the filtered water Y stored in the treated water tank 51.
- ozone gas When ozone gas is supplied into the filtered water Y, ozone is dissolved in the filtered water Y.
- the filtered water Y in which ozone is dissolved is referred to as ozone water O.
- the second transfer unit 20 includes a transfer pump 21 and a cleaning water pipe 22 installed so that ozone water O is sucked out from the lower part of the treated water tank 51 through the transfer pump 21.
- the cleaning water pipe 22 is connected to the switching valve 11A, and the ozone water O can be transferred to the filtration unit 1 via the filtration pipe 15 by operating the switching valve 11A to change the flow path. ing.
- the series of operation steps performed by the water treatment apparatus 100 includes a membrane filtration step, a pretreatment step, an ozone water generation step, and a cleaning step.
- the water treatment apparatus 100 filters wastewater and the like through a filtration membrane, removes oxidizable inorganic substances such as iron from a part of the filtered water, and these oxidizable inorganic substances.
- Ozone water is produced
- the membrane filtration process will be described.
- the raw water X is received into the filtered water tank 3, and the raw water X is filtered by the filtration membrane 2, and this filtered water is transferred by the first transfer unit 10.
- the raw water X such as waste water supplied from the raw water pipe 4 is temporarily stored in the filtered water tank 3, and is filtered by being passed from the primary side to the secondary side of the filtration membrane 2 by the operation of the filtration pump 12.
- the filtered water Y obtained by this filtration is discharged to the treatment facility (not shown) through the excess water pipe 15 by the first transfer unit 10 or the water level of the treatment water tank 51 in the oxidizer 50 is at a predetermined position. When there is not, it transfers to the treated water tank 51 by operation of the switching valve 11B.
- the activated sludge when performing the process using the activated sludge mainly of microorganisms in the filtration part 1 (when operating as a membrane separation bioreactor), the activated sludge is stored in the filtered water tank 3, Raw water X may be introduced into the water. Further, the filtration may be continuous or intermittent. Moreover, even if it performs the backwashing which wash
- the pretreatment process in the oxidizer 50, the pretreatment gas supply step and the water quality confirmation step are carried out simultaneously or alternately, so that the oxidation progress of the oxidizable inorganic substance contained in the filtrate Y is increased.
- the pretreatment gas P is supplied, and the oxidizable inorganic substance in the filtered water Y is removed. Thereby, the oxidizable substance that hinders the generation of ozone water in the ozone water generation step described later can be removed by the pretreatment gas P.
- the pretreatment gas P is supplied from the pretreatment gas supply device 52 to the filtered water Y stored in the treatment water tank 51 through the pretreatment gas supply pipe 53.
- the oxidizing substance contained in the pretreatment gas P and the oxidizing substance in the filtered water Y are reacted to oxidize the oxidizing substance.
- a gas containing an oxidizing substance such as air, oxygen gas, or a mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen can be used. Therefore, as the pretreatment gas supply device 52 , for example, a blower, a cylinder filled with oxygen gas, a gas cylinder filled with a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen, an oxygen gas generator, and the like can be used.
- the control part 55 is based on the water quality measurement result of the filtered water Y obtained by the water quality measurement of the water quality measuring device 56, and the oxidizable substance in the filtered water Y Is determined, and the continuation or stop of the supply of the pretreatment gas P to the filtrate Y is determined based on the determination result. That is, when it is determined that the oxidation of the oxidizable substance in the filtered water Y is completed, the control unit 55 determines to stop the supply of the pretreatment gas P from the pretreatment gas supply device 52, and performs the pretreatment process. finish.
- control unit 55 determines that the oxidation of the oxidizable substance in the filtered water Y is not completed, it determines to continue the supply of the pretreatment gas P from the pretreatment gas supply device 52. Details of the process of the control unit 55 performing this determination will be described later.
- ozone water O is generated after the pretreatment step is completed. That is, generation of ozone gas is started by the ozone generator 61, and the generated ozone gas is supplied into the filtered water Y of the treatment water tank 51 through the ozone gas supply pipe 62. Ozone gas is supplied into the filtered water Y for a predetermined time, and when the ozone concentration in the filtered water Y reaches the target concentration, the supply of ozone gas is stopped and the ozone water generating step is completed.
- the ozone gas may be supplied from the bottom of the treated water tank 51 using a diffuser made of ceramic, fluororesin, stainless steel, or the like, or the filtered water Y and ozone gas are mixed with an ejector or the like. You may supply in this way.
- the cleaning process will be described.
- the membrane filtration process is stopped and washing of the filtration membrane 2 with ozone water O is started. That is, the flow path is switched by operating the switching valve 11 ⁇ / b> A so that the ozone water O in the treated water tank 51 flows from the cleaning water pipe 22 to the overwater pipe 15. Then, the transfer pump 21 is operated to transfer the ozone water O in the treated water tank 51 to the filtration membrane 2 and flow from the secondary side of the filtration membrane 2 toward the primary side.
- control unit 55 performs the pretreatment gas supply step and the water quality confirmation step simultaneously or alternately, and performs the pretreatment according to the oxidation progress of the oxidizable substance in the filtrate Y.
- the reason why the gas P is supplied and details of the process will be described.
- the quality of the filtered water Y that is, the concentration of the oxidizable substance contained in the filtered water Y is not always constant, and largely varies depending on the quality of the filtered water Y. For this reason, if the supply amount of the pretreatment gas P to the filtrate Y is fixed, the removal of the oxidizable substance is not sufficient, or the pretreatment gas P is supplied excessively, which is inefficient. In other words, by supplying the necessary and sufficient pretreatment gas P to determine the oxidation completion point of the oxidizable substance in the filtered water Y, it is possible to avoid the ineffective consumption of ozone in the generation of the ozone water O and to efficiently generate the ozone water O.
- the cleaning ability of the ozone water O can be stably kept high.
- the oxidation completion point of the oxidizable substance in the filtrate Y can be confirmed by measuring the quality of the filtrate Y. That is, in the pretreatment process, as described below, the “pretreatment gas supply step” and the “water quality confirmation step” are performed simultaneously or alternately, so that the oxidizable substances contained in the filtered water Y are removed.
- the pretreatment gas P enables oxidation without excess or deficiency.
- the control unit 55 determines the degree of oxidation of the oxidizable substance in the filtrate Y based on the water quality measurement result of the filtrate Y. That is, the control unit 55 calculates a water quality change amount as a first change amount within a predetermined time obtained by a temporal change in the water quality measurement value, and the oxidation progress of the oxidizable substance based on the water quality change amount. Determine.
- a pH meter, a DO (dissolved oxygen concentration) meter, or an ORP (standard oxidation-reduction potential) meter is used alone or in combination.
- the control part 55 performs the above-mentioned determination based on the water quality change amount obtained by the temporal change of these pH value, DO (dissolved oxygen concentration) value, and ORP (standard oxidation-reduction potential) value.
- FIG. 2 shows a processing method when the control unit 55 according to the first embodiment performs a preprocessing step based on at least one of a DO value and an ORP value measured while the preprocessing gas P is constantly supplied.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a temporal change in the DO value or ORP value obtained by measuring the filtered water Y while the water quality measuring device 56 according to the first embodiment is supplying the pretreatment gas P. is there.
- step S1 When the control unit 55 starts the pretreatment process (step S1), first, the pretreatment gas supply step is started to supply the pretreatment gas P into the filtrate Y (step S2). Next, the control part 55 starts the water quality confirmation step which determines the oxidation progress of the oxidizable substance in filtered water Y (step S3).
- step S3 the controller 55 measures the water quality of at least one of the DO value or ORP value of the filtered water Y by the water quality measuring device 56, and records the measured value (step S3a).
- step S3b the control unit 55 performs water quality measurement again after time L1, and records the measurement value again (step S3b).
- step S3c the control unit 55 obtains the measurement values obtained in step S3a and step S3b as the first measurement value ⁇ and the second measurement value ⁇ , respectively, according to the temporal change of the measurement value according to the following equation (1).
- the first change amount that is, the absolute value ⁇ P of the slope of the line connecting the measurement value ⁇ and the measurement value ⁇ is calculated and recorded (step S3c).
- ⁇ P
- step S3d, No when the recorded ⁇ P is less than two (step S3d, No), the control unit 55 returns to step 3a to newly acquire the first measurement value ⁇ and the second measurement value ⁇ , and the inclination thereof. Calculate and record the absolute value of ⁇ P.
- the control unit 55 sets the absolute value ⁇ P of the previously acquired inclination as the first inclination Pt1 and sets the newly acquired inclination absolute value ⁇ P as the second inclination Pt2.
- the magnitudes of the first inclination Pt1 and the second inclination Pt2 are compared.
- the control unit 55 determines that the oxidation of the oxidizable substance in the filtrate Y has been completed when the second slope Pt2 is greater than the first slope Pt1 (Yes in step S3d).
- the stop of the supply of the pretreatment gas P to the filtrate Y is determined.
- the control unit 55 completes the pretreatment gas supply step, stops the supply of the pretreatment gas P (step S4), and ends the pretreatment process (step S5).
- the control unit 55 returns to step S3a and continues the water quality confirmation step.
- the time L1 is preferably 10 to 600 seconds.
- the pretreatment gas P containing oxygen is continuously supplied to the filtrate water Y, and the oxidizable substance in the filtrate water Y is continuously oxidized, the pretreatment gas P is continuously supplied. Even so, since the oxidizing substance contained in the pretreatment gas P is consumed by the oxidizable substance, a rapid increase in the DO value and ORP value in the filtered water Y is prevented.
- a period indicated by t0 to t9 in FIG. 3 is a period in which the oxidizable substance remains in the filtered water Y, and the DO value or the ORP value is gently and substantially constant even during the supply of the pretreatment gas P. It can be seen that it is rising with an inclination.
- a period indicated by t9 to t10 in FIG. 3 is a period in which the oxidation of the oxidizable substance is completed, and the DO value or the ORP value increases rapidly according to the supply of the pretreatment gas P. I understand. Therefore, by calculating the amount of change in the DO value and ORP value obtained by the temporal change in the water quality measurement value as described above, and comparing these continuously, the increase in the increase rate of the measurement value is detected. It is possible to determine the oxidation progress of the oxidizable substance and find the oxidation completion point.
- the first slope ⁇ Pt1 that is the absolute value of the slope of the line connecting the first measurement value and the second measurement value measured at the first time point t7 and the second time point t8 in FIG.
- the control unit 55 performs the first measurement based on the four measured values obtained at least at four time points (for example, t7, t8, t9, t10).
- requires 1 inclination Pt1 and 2nd inclination Pt2 was shown.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the control unit 55 obtains the first slope Pt1 and the second slope Pt2 based on three measured values obtained at at least three time points (for example, t8, t9, t10). But you can.
- the slope of the line connecting the first measurement value at the first time point t8 and the second measurement value at the second time point t9 is defined as the first slope Pt1, and the second measurement value and the third time point at the second time point t9 are the same.
- the above determination is performed with the slope of the line connecting the third measurement value at time t10 as the second slope Pt2.
- the determination method is not limited to this.
- a value obtained by dividing the second gradient Pt2 by the first gradient Pt1 is equal to or greater than a predetermined first value R1 ((second gradient Pt2 / first gradient Pt1) ⁇ R1).
- the processing in the case where the preprocessing step is performed has been described above based on at least one of the DO value and the ORP value measured during the continuous supply of the preprocessing gas P.
- a process in the case where the pretreatment process is performed based on the pH value measured while the pH meter is provided as the water quality measurement device 56 and the pretreatment gas P is constantly supplied will be described.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing method when the control unit 55 according to Embodiment 1 performs the pretreatment process based on the pH value measured during the continuous supply of the pretreatment gas P.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a temporal change in pH value obtained by measuring the filtered water Y while the water quality measuring device 56 according to the first embodiment is supplying the pretreatment gas P.
- step S3d1 only the oxidation progress determination step (step S3d1) in the water quality confirmation step (step S31) is different.
- the other steps are the same as those in FIG.
- the second slope Pt2 which is the absolute value of the newly obtained slope, was obtained last time.
- the control unit 55 completes the pretreatment gas supply step, stops the supply of the pretreatment gas P (step S4), and ends the pretreatment process (step S5).
- the period indicated by t7 to t8 in FIG. 5 is a period in which the oxidation of the oxidizable substance is completed, and it can be seen that the pH value has gradually decreased. Therefore, as described above, the amount of change in the pH value obtained by the temporal change in the water quality measurement value is calculated, and this is continuously compared to detect the decrease in the rate of decrease in the pH value, thereby oxidizing the substance. It is possible to determine the degree of oxidation completion and find the completion point of oxidation.
- the first slope ⁇ Pt1 that is the absolute value of the slope of the line connecting the first measurement value and the second measurement value measured at the first time point t5 and the second time point t6 in FIG.
- the control unit 55 performs the first measurement based on four measurement values obtained at least at four time points (for example, t5, t6, t7, t8).
- requires 1 inclination Pt1 and 2nd inclination Pt2 was shown.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the control unit 55 obtains the first slope Pt1 and the second slope Pt2 based on three measured values obtained at at least three time points (for example, t6, t7, t8). But you can.
- the slope of the line connecting the first measurement value at the first time point t6 and the second measurement value at the second time point t7 is defined as the first slope Pt1, and the second measurement value and the third time point at the second time point t7 are set.
- the above determination is performed with the slope of the line connecting the third measurement value at time t8 as the second slope Pt2.
- the present invention is not limited to this determination method.
- a value obtained by dividing the second gradient Pt2 by the first gradient Pt1 is equal to or smaller than a predetermined second value R2 ((second gradient Pt2 / first gradient Pt1) ⁇ R2).
- the pretreatment gas supply step and the water quality confirmation step are performed at the same time, that is, when the pretreatment gas P is constantly supplied into the filtrate Y, the control for measuring the quality of the filtrate Y is performed.
- the pretreatment process of the unit 55 has been described.
- the pretreatment gas supply step and the water quality confirmation step are performed alternately, that is, the pretreatment gas P is intermittently supplied to the filtrate Y with a predetermined pause period, and the pretreatment gas P is supplied.
- the pretreatment gas P is intermittently supplied to the filtrate Y with a predetermined pause period, and the pretreatment gas P is supplied.
- the case where the water quality measurement of the filtrate Y is performed in the said rest period in between is demonstrated.
- control unit 55 differs depending on whether at least one of the DO value or the ORP value is measured and when the pH value is measured. Was used.
- the same determination method is performed regardless of whether the acquired measurement value is a DO value, an ORP value, or a pH value.
- FIG. 6 shows a processing method in the case where the control unit 55 according to Embodiment 1 performs the pretreatment process based on the DO value, the ORP value, and the pH value measured in the pause period between the supply of the pretreatment gas P.
- FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a temporal change in the DO value or ORP value obtained by the water quality measuring device 56 according to Embodiment 1 measuring the filtrate water Y in the pause period between the supply of the pretreatment gas P. is there.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a temporal change in pH value obtained by the water quality measurement device 56 according to Embodiment 1 measuring the filtrate water Y during the pause period between the supply of the pretreatment gas P.
- step S1 When starting the pretreatment process (step S1), the controller 55 first starts the pretreatment gas supply step to supply the pretreatment gas P into the filtrate Y (step S2). Next, the control unit 55 interrupts the supply of the pretreatment gas P when the predetermined supply time L2 has elapsed (step S2a), and during the pause period in which the pretreatment gas supply is interrupted, A water quality confirmation step for determining the oxidation progress of the oxidizing substance is started (step S32).
- L2 is preferably 10 to 600 seconds.
- the control unit 55 measures at least one of the DO value, ORP value, and pH value of the filtered water Y by the water quality measuring device 56, and records the measured value (step S3a).
- the control part 55 performs water quality measurement again after the time L3, and records a measured value (step S3b).
- the control unit 55 sets the measurement values obtained in step S3a and step S3b as the first measurement value ⁇ and the second measurement value ⁇ , respectively, and sets the ratio between them, that is, the second measurement value ⁇ as the first measurement value.
- the value divided by the ⁇ value is compared with a predetermined third value R3 (step S3d2).
- L3 is preferably 10 to 600 seconds
- the third value R3 is preferably 0.5 to 1.2.
- step S3d2 when the ratio of the measurement values obtained by dividing the second measurement value ⁇ by the first measurement value ⁇ is equal to or greater than the third value R3 (step S3d2, Yes), the control unit 55 performs filtered water Y. It is determined that the oxidation of the oxidizable substance therein has been completed, and the stop of the supply of the pretreatment gas P to the filtered water Y is determined. In this case, after completing the water quality confirmation step S32, the control unit 55 completes the pretreatment gas supply step, stops the supply of the pretreatment gas P (step S4), and ends the pretreatment process (step S5). ).
- step S3d2 if the value of the second inclination ⁇ / first inclination ⁇ is less than R3 (step S3d2), the control unit 55 returns to step S2 and restarts the pretreatment gas supply step.
- the water quality confirmation step S32 is executed again in the suspension period of the supply of the pretreatment gas P.
- the pretreatment gas P is supplied into the filtered water Y during a period when the DO value or ORP value is rising (eg, t0 to t1, t2 to t3, t4 to t5,). It is a period. Further, the period during which the DO value or ORP value is decreasing (for example, t1 to t2, t3 to t4, t5 to t6,...) Is a pause period in which the supply of the pretreatment gas P is interrupted.
- the DO value or ORP value is rising
- the DO value or ORP value is decreasing
- periods (t0 to t1, t2 to t3, t4 to t5,%) are periods during which the pretreatment gas P is supplied into the filtered water Y. Further, the periods (t1 to t2, t3 to t4, t5 to t6,...) Are pause periods in which the supply of the pretreatment gas P is interrupted. In FIG. 7, the rising speed of the DO value and the ORP value during the supply of the pretreatment gas P is faster than that shown in FIG. It varies depending on the supply conditions of the processing gas P.
- the ratio of the first measurement value ⁇ and the second measurement value ⁇ is divided by the first measurement value ⁇ .
- the first change in the measured values is obtained.
- the determination using the slope of the measurement value during the suspension period may be performed as the first change amount of the measurement value.
- the first slope ⁇ Pt1 that is the absolute value of the slope of the line connecting the first measurement value and the second measurement value measured at the first time point t15 and the second time point t16 in FIG.
- the magnitude relations of the second slope ⁇ Pt2 that is the absolute value of the slope of the line connecting the third measurement value and the fourth measurement value measured at the time point t17 and the fourth time point t18 are compared.
- the control unit obtains the first obtained by a temporal change in the measurement value obtained by measuring the quality of the water to be treated by the water quality measurement apparatus. Based on one change amount, the oxidation progress of the oxidizable substance in the water to be treated is determined, and the continuation or stop of the supply of the pretreatment gas to the water to be treated is determined. Thereby, the oxidation completion point of the oxidizable substance contained in the water to be treated can be found, and the supply amount of the pretreatment gas supplied into the water to be treated can be adjusted according to the oxidation progress of the oxidizable substance.
- the filtration part which filters the organic substance in raw
- the 1st transfer part which transfers filtered water to a treated water tank, and supply of pretreatment gas Is provided with an ozone water generation unit that generates ozone water by supplying ozone gas to the filtered water determined to be stopped, and a second transfer unit that transfers the ozone water to the filtration unit.
- pretreatment gas Is provided with an ozone water generation unit that generates ozone water by supplying ozone gas to the filtered water determined to be stopped, and a second transfer unit that transfers the ozone water to the filtration unit.
- ozone water is generated by supplying ozone gas to the water to be treated whose supply of the pretreatment gas is determined to be stopped. In this way, ozone water is generated based on the treated water from which the oxidizable substances are sufficiently removed while the dissolution of carbonate radicals is reduced, so that the ineffective consumption of ozone by the oxidizable substances is minimized. In addition, ozone water having a high cleaning effect can be obtained.
- a filtration membrane can be wash
- generated as mentioned above is not limited to the filtration membrane used for a water purification process, a waste_water
- the portion to be cleaned may be food, a medical instrument, or the like, and a high cleaning effect can be obtained for these portions to be cleaned as well.
- a control part uses the inclination of a measured value as a 1st variation
- control unit includes, as the first change amount, a first slope of a line connecting the first measurement value and the second measurement value, and a second slope of a line connecting the third measurement value and the fourth measurement value.
- Use relationships By performing the determination using the relationship between the two slopes that change with time as described above, the oxidation completion point of the oxidizable substance can be found with higher accuracy.
- control unit includes, as the first change amount, a first slope of a line connecting the first measurement value and the second measurement value, and a second slope of a line connecting the second measurement value and the third measurement value. Relationships may be used. In this case, the measurement of the fourth measurement value is unnecessary, and the oxidation completion point of the oxidizable substance can be found quickly.
- the control unit measures the DO value or ORP value of the filtrate water, and the absolute value of the second slope is greater than the absolute value of the first slope. When it becomes larger, it is decided to stop the supply of the pretreatment gas to the filtered water.
- the DO value or ORP value which increases the rate of increase when the oxidation of the oxidizable substance in the filtered water is completed, is detected by accurately detecting the time point at which the second slope increases in this way. The oxidation completion point of the oxidizing substance can be found.
- the control unit may determine to stop the supply of the pretreatment gas to the filtrate when the value obtained by dividing the second slope by the first slope is equal to or greater than a predetermined first value. In this case, it is possible to suppress unintentional stop of the preprocessing process due to an error in the measured value and stabilize the operation of the preprocessing process.
- the controller when measuring the pH value of the filtrate water, if the second slope is smaller than the first slope, the controller supplies the filtrate water. To stop the supply of the pretreatment gas.
- the oxidation of the oxidizable substance in the filtered water is completed, in the case where a pH value at which the decrease rate of the measurement value becomes small is used for the measurement target, it is possible to accurately detect the time point at which the second slope becomes small in this way. The point of completion of oxidation of oxidizable substances can be found.
- the control unit may determine to stop the supply of the pretreatment gas to the filtrate when the value obtained by dividing the second slope by the first slope is equal to or less than a predetermined second value. In this case, it is possible to suppress unintentional stop of the preprocessing process due to an error in the measured value and stabilize the operation of the preprocessing process.
- the control unit obtains the first obtained by a temporal change in the measured value obtained by measuring the water quality of the filtered water.
- a ratio of two measured values immediately after the rest period and after a predetermined time is used. Therefore, when the measurement target has a characteristic in which the ratio of two measured values before and after the completion of oxidation of the oxidizable substance changes during the pretreatment gas pause period, By performing the determination using the ratio of the two measured values as the first change amount, the oxidation completion point of the oxidizable substance can be found with high accuracy.
- the control unit determines to stop the supply of the pretreatment gas to the filtrate.
- the DO value, ORP value, and ph value are the measurement targets, when the oxidation of the oxidizable substance in the filtered water is completed, the ratio of the measured values obtained by dividing the second measured value by the first measured value during the rest period becomes small. Therefore, by making such a determination, the oxidation completion point of the oxidizable substance can be found with higher accuracy.
- control unit performs supply of the oxidizing substance to the filtered water by ejecting a pretreatment gas, which is a gas containing the oxidizing substance, into the filtered water as an oxidizing substance.
- a pretreatment gas which is a gas containing the oxidizing substance
- control unit 55 uses the temporal change amount of the pH value, the DO (dissolved oxygen concentration) value, and the ORP (standard oxidation-reduction potential) value as the first change amount of the measurement value.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the pH value, the DO value, Water quality other than the ORP value may be measured.
- the oxidation part 54 showed what was provided with the treated water tank 51, the pretreatment gas supply apparatus 52, and the pretreatment gas supply piping 53, it is not limited to this structure,
- the oxidation part 54 is What is necessary is just to have the structure which can supply the substance for oxidation with respect to the filtered water Y, and can oxidize the oxidizable substance which filtered water contains.
- the ozone water generation unit 60 is shown to include only the ozone generator 61 and the ozone gas supply pipe 62, but is not limited to this configuration. It may be provided with a dedicated ozone water generation water tank.
- the ozone water generator 60 may be provided in the oxidation apparatus 50.
- the control unit when the slope of the measured value is used as the first change amount, the control unit outputs an absolute value ⁇ P of the slope of the line connecting the measured value ⁇ and the measured value ⁇ as shown in the above formula (1). It is not limited to.
- the control unit may detect an oxidation progress by detecting a temporal change in the slope of the measurement value using the slope of the line connecting the measurement value ⁇ and the measurement value ⁇ , which is not an absolute value.
- the oxidizing substance including the oxidizing substance supplied into the filtered water is not limited to the gas such as the pretreatment gas P, and may be liquid oxygen, for example.
- the oxidizer 50 has performed the pretreatment process for removing the oxidizable substance on the filtered water Y filtered by the filtration unit 1, but is not limited thereto.
- the oxidation apparatus may remove an oxidizable substance in the raw water X stored in the filtered water tank 3 of the filtration unit 1.
- the filtered water tank 3 may be provided with a water quality measuring device 56 and a pretreatment gas supply device 52.
- control part 55 determines the oxidation progress of the oxidizable substance in the raw
- the continuation or stop of the supply of the pretreatment gas P to the raw water X is determined.
- the ozone water generation unit 60 supplies ozone gas directly to the raw water X in the filtered water tank 3 to decompose impurities such as organic substances contained in the raw water X.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a water treatment device 200 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of an outside air contact device 270 according to the second embodiment.
- the water treatment device 200 shown in FIG. 9 is the same as the water treatment device 100 shown in FIG. 1 except that an external air contact device 270 is provided on the cleaning water pipe 16.
- the outside air contact device 270 contacts the filtered water Y with the outside air to bring some of the oxidizable substances in the filtered water Y into contact. Oxidize. Thereby, the pretreatment process execution time in the oxidation apparatus 50 can be shortened and the amount of the pretreatment gas P used can be reduced. As shown in FIG. 10, the outside air contact device 270 uses a water tank 71 that is open to outside air (atmosphere).
- an ejector can be used as the outside air contact device 270, and the filtered water Y can be mixed with the outside air by sucking the outside air by the negative pressure generated when the filtered water Y flows down the ejector.
- the oxidizable substance can be oxidized by contacting the filtered water Y with the outside air when flowing down the water tank.
- the same effect as in the first embodiment is obtained, and the oxidizable substance is reduced while the dissolution of carbonate radicals in the filtered water is reduced.
- a filtered water sufficiently removed can be obtained.
- an external air contact device for assisting the pretreatment process in the oxidation apparatus is provided, it is possible to shorten the pretreatment process execution time and reduce the amount of pretreatment gas used in the pretreatment process.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a water treatment apparatus 300 having an oxidation apparatus 350 according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a processing method in the case where the control unit 355 according to the third embodiment performs the pretreatment process based on at least one of the DO value and the ORP value measured during the circulation process.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a processing method when the control unit 355 according to the third embodiment performs a pretreatment process based on a pH value measured during the circulation process.
- the oxidizer 350 shown in FIG. 11 is switched from the oxidizer 54 of the oxidizer 50 shown in FIG. 9 of the second embodiment to the cleaning water pipe 22 except for the pretreatment gas supply device 52 and the pretreatment gas supply pipe 53.
- the valve 323 is installed, and the cleaning water pipe 16 and the switching valve 323 are connected by a circulation pipe 317 in the preceding stage of the outside air contact device 270.
- the oxidation unit 354 that makes the oxidizing substance containing an oxidizing substance contact the filtered water Y includes the outside air contact apparatus 270, the switching valve 323, the circulation pipe 317, and the transfer pump 21.
- the control part 355 receives the water quality measurement result obtained by the water quality measuring device 56, performs a calculation described later based on this result, and controls the operation of the transfer pump 21.
- the pretreatment process can be performed as shown in the flowcharts of FIGS. 12 and 13 differ in that the pretreatment gas supply step S2 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 becomes a circulation step S302.
- the control unit 355 sucks out the filtered water Y stored in the treated water tank 51 by operating the transfer pump 21, via the switching valve 323 and the circulation pipe 317. Return to the primary side of the outside air contact device 270. Then, the filtered water Y is passed to the secondary side of the outside air contact device 270 and circulated to the treated water tank 51.
- the transfer pump 21 is always operated and the filtered water Y is repeatedly circulated. That is, in the present embodiment, the outside air supplied from the outside air contact device 270 instead of the pretreatment gas P is repeatedly brought into contact with the filtered water Y so that the filtered water Y is exposed to the outside air as the oxidizing substance. By transferring the filtrate Y, the oxidizable substance contained in the filtrate Y is oxidized.
- control unit 355 determines the stop of the circulation of the filtered water Y to the outside air contact device 270, and the filtered water Y to the outside air contact device 270 is determined. The transfer is stopped (step S304).
- control unit 355 determines that the oxidation of the oxidizable substance in the filtered water Y is not completed, it determines to continue the circulation of the filtered water Y to the outside air contact device 270 and continues to pass the filtered water Y to the outside air. Transfer to contact device 270.
- the water quality confirmation step S3 can be performed in the same manner as the water quality confirmation step S3 described in the first embodiment.
- a DO meter or an ORP meter is used as the water quality measuring device 56
- the pretreatment process can be performed with the flowchart of FIG.
- a pH meter is used as the water quality measuring device 56
- the circulation step and the water quality confirmation step can be performed alternately. In this case, the start / interrupt / end of the pretreatment gas supply step shown in FIG. 6 may be replaced with the start / interrupt / end of the circulation step.
- the control unit is a measurement obtained by measuring the water quality of filtered water by the water quality measurement apparatus. Based on the first change amount obtained by the time change of the value, the oxidation progress of the oxidizable substance in the filtrate is determined, and the continuation or stop of the transfer of the filtrate to the outside air contact device is determined. Thereby, according to the oxidation progress of an oxidizable substance, the circulation amount of the filtered water circulated to an external air contact apparatus can be adjusted. Thus, it is possible to obtain filtered water from which the oxidizable substance has been sufficiently removed while dissolution of carbonate radicals in the filtered water is reduced.
- an outside air contact device is provided, and a transfer pump is operated so that the filtered water is exposed to the outside air. Circulate filtered water.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a water treatment device 500 according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating a processing method in which the control unit 555 according to the fourth embodiment removes carbonate radicals in the filtrate Y.
- the control unit 555 performs a decarboxylation step of removing carbonate radicals in the filtrate Y after the pretreatment step is completed and before the ozone water generation step is started.
- the control part 555 it is the same as the process shown in Embodiment 1 except performing this decarboxylation root process.
- the water treatment apparatus 500 is obtained by adding a decarboxylation unit 570 to the water treatment apparatus 100 shown in FIG.
- the reason why the decarboxylation step of removing carbonate radicals is performed on the filtrate Y after the pretreatment step is completed will be described.
- the concentration of the oxidizable substance contained in the filtered water is high, it takes time to oxidize the oxidizable substance, the pretreatment process is performed for a relatively long time, and the supply amount of the pretreatment gas, Alternatively, the amount of outside air supplied by the outside air contact device also increases. For this reason, particularly when air is used as the pretreatment gas, and when oxidation is performed in the outside air by the outside air contact device, the amount of dissolution of the air and carbon dioxide contained in the outside air into the filtered water also increases. End up.
- Carbonic acid radicals in water act as radical scavengers and consume OH radicals generated by the self-decomposition of ozone and having high organic matter resolution. Therefore, in order to keep the cleaning effect of ozone water high, a high-concentration carbonate group may not be preferable.
- a “decarbonation process” that removes carbonate roots in the filtered water by a predetermined method. It was found that the cleaning effect of can be maintained high.
- the removal of carbonate radicals it was found that the completion of removal of carbonate radicals can be clearly grasped by monitoring specific water quality while adding carbonate radical removal operations.
- the decarboxylation step can be performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
- the control unit 555 starts the decarboxylation process (step S511).
- the decarbonation treatment refers to adding a decarboxylation operation for operating the decarboxylation unit 570 and removing carbonate radicals from the filtered water.
- a “decarbonation gas supply device” for supplying a decarboxylation gas having a carbon dioxide content volume ratio of 100 ppm or less, such as oxygen gas, nitrogen gas, and a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen, to the filtered water Y, filtration
- a “heating device” capable of heating water Y
- an “ultrasonic oscillation device” capable of oscillating ultrasonic waves with respect to filtered water Y, and the like
- a decarboxylation gas supply device for example, when a decarboxylation gas supply device is used as the decarboxylation unit 570, a decarboxylation gas supply through the decarbonation gas supply pipe 572 to the filtered water Y stored in the treated water tank 51 is performed.
- a heating device the heating is started, and in the case of an ultrasonic oscillation device, the ultrasonic oscillation is started.
- the control part 555 starts the water quality confirmation step which determines the removal progress of the carbonate radical in the filtered water Y in which the decarboxylation process is performed (step S512).
- the control unit 555 measures the water quality of the filtered water Y by the water quality measuring device 56, and records the water quality measurement result as an intermediate processing measurement value (step S512a).
- the water quality to be measured is preferably pH.
- the control unit 555 performs water quality measurement again after time L4, and records the water quality measurement result again as an intermediate processing measurement value (step S512b).
- control unit 555 sets the intermediate process measurement values obtained in step S512a and step S512b as the first intermediate process measurement value ⁇ and the second intermediate process measurement value ⁇ , respectively, according to the temporal change of the intermediate process measurement value.
- the obtained second change amount that is, a value obtained by dividing the second intermediate process measurement value ⁇ by the first intermediate process measurement value ⁇ is compared with a predetermined fourth value R4 (step S512c).
- step S512c When the value obtained by dividing the second intermediate process measurement value ⁇ by the first intermediate process measurement value ⁇ is equal to or less than the fourth value R4 as a result of this comparison (step S512c, Yes), the control unit 555 performs filtered water Y. It is determined that the removal of the carbonic acid radical in the inside is completed, and the stop of the decarboxylation treatment to the filtered water Y is determined. In this case, after completing the water quality confirmation step, the control unit 55 completes the decarboxylation process, stops the decarboxylation process (step S513), and ends the decarboxylation process (step S514).
- the fourth value R4 is preferably 1.0 to 1.5.
- control unit 555 After the decarbonation process is completed, the control unit 555 performs the ozone water generation process and the cleaning process as in the first embodiment.
- the carbonate radical in the liquid phase is released as a gas into the gas phase. To rise.
- carbonate radicals are sufficiently released from the filtered water, the change in water quality becomes gradual. Therefore, the decarboxylation completion point can be clearly confirmed by monitoring the pH value as described above.
- decarboxylation unit 570 a pH adjusting device that adds an acidic chemical as a pH adjusting agent to the filtration Y so that the filtered water Y has a desired pH value may be used.
- Carbonate radicals change their form depending on pH, and in the acidic range, most of them are released into the gas phase as carbon dioxide. Utilizing this, carbonate radicals can be removed from the filtered water by adding acidic chemicals such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid to the filtered water Y to adjust the pH to acidic.
- the control unit 555 determines that the pH value obtained by the water quality measurement device 56 is a predetermined target pH value.
- the decarbonation device 571 may be controlled to add an acidic chemical to the filtered water Y.
- the target pH value is preferably 4 to 6.5. If the target pH value is too low, acid chemicals are added in spite of the fact that carbonate groups are not already present, which is inefficient and the self-decomposition of ozone is remarkably suppressed during the subsequent cleaning process, thereby reducing the OH radicals. There is a possibility that the production is inhibited and the cleaning effect is lowered. On the other hand, if the target pH value is high, the carbonate radical cannot be sufficiently carbonized, and the decarboxylation effect cannot be obtained.
- the necessity of performing the decarboxylation step on the filtered water Y after the pretreatment step is completed is, for example, measuring M alkalinity or directly measuring sodium bicarbonate ion concentration by ion chromatography. Then, the carbonate concentration may be estimated and the necessity may be determined each time. Alternatively, it may be performed when the pre-treatment gas supply cumulative time in the pre-treatment process or the cumulative execution time in the circulation step exceeds an arbitrarily defined reference value within a range not exceeding 60 minutes.
- the control unit obtains the second obtained by a temporal change in the measured value obtained by measuring the water quality of the filtered water by the water quality measuring apparatus. Based on the amount of change, the progress of removal of carbonate radicals in the filtrate is determined, and the continuation or stop of removal of carbonate radicals in the filtrate is determined. Thereby, the removal completion point of the carbonate radical contained in filtered water can be found, and the operation amount of the decarboxylation operation performed with respect to the inside of filtered water can be adjusted according to a removal progress. Therefore, it is possible to obtain filtered water from which carbonate groups have been sufficiently removed regardless of the time for the pretreatment step or the supply amount of the oxidizing substance.
- ozone water is generated by supplying ozone gas to the filtered water whose decarboxylation process has been determined to be stopped.
- ozone water can be produced
- the portion to be cleaned can be cleaned using the ozone water generated as described above.
- the portion to be cleaned can be cleaned using ozone water having a higher cleaning effect, it is possible to further improve the effect of removing dirt in the portion to be cleaned.
- filtration section 1 filtration section, 2 filtration membrane (cleaned section), 10 first transfer section, 20 second transfer section, 50, 350 oxidation equipment, 54 oxidation section, 55, 355, 555 control section, 56 water quality measurement equipment (measurement section) ) 570 decarboxylation unit, 60 ozone water generation unit, 270 outdoor air contact device, 100, 200, 300, 500 water treatment device.
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Abstract
Description
上記いずれの場合にも、水に溶存させたオゾン(溶存オゾン)を、廃水中の有機物、または、ろ過膜に付着した有機物の分解に用いる点で共通しており、溶存オゾンを安定して水中に存在させることが重要である。
また必要以上に水に空気を供給した場合では、炭酸根が水中に過分に溶存するという問題点がある。特に、オゾン水を用いてろ過膜を洗浄する場合において、洗浄効果を高くするためには、オゾンの自己分解によって生成し、オゾンよりも有機物との反応指向性が弱いヒドロキシルラジカル(OHラジカル)を高濃度にオゾン水中に含有させることが必要である。炭酸根はラジカルスカベンジャーとして働くことが知られており、過分な空気供給はオゾン水によるろ過膜洗浄効果を低減させうる。
以上のことから、水に対して過分な空気供給を行うことなく、十分に水中から被酸化性物質を除去可能な技術が求められている。
被処理水に酸化性物質を含んだ酸化用物質を接触させて、前記被処理水が含有する被酸化性物質を酸化させる酸化装置であって、
前記被処理水に前記酸化用物質を接触させる酸化部と、
前記被処理水の水質測定を行う測定部と、
前記酸化部を制御し、前記測定部による前記被処理水の水質測定によって得られた測定値の時間的な変化により得られる第1変化量に基づいて、前記被処理水内の前記被酸化性物質の酸化進度を判定し、前記被処理水への前記酸化用物質の供給の継続あるいは停止を決定する制御部と、を備えた、
ものである。
上記のように構成された酸化装置と、
原水内の有機物をろ過してろ過水を生成するろ過部と、
前記ろ過水を前記被処理水として前記酸化部に移送する第1移送部と、
前記酸化用物質の供給が停止と決定された前記被処理水に対してオゾンガスを供給してオゾン水を生成するオゾン水生成部と、
前記オゾン水を、前記ろ過部に移送する第2移送部とを備えた、
ものである。
被処理水に酸化性物質を含んだ酸化用物質を接触させて、前記被処理水が含有する被酸化性物質を酸化させる水処理方法であって、
前記被処理水の水質測定によって得られた測定値の時間的な変化により得られる第1変化量に基づいて、前記被処理水内の前記被酸化性物質の酸化進度を判定し、前記被処理水への前記酸化用物質の供給の継続あるいは停止を決定する、
ものである。
上記のように構成された水処理方法において前記酸化用物質の供給が停止と決定された前記被処理水に対して、オゾンガスを供給してオゾン水を生成する、
ものである。
上記のように構成されたオゾン水生成方法により生成された前記オゾン水を用いて被洗浄部を洗浄する、
ものである。
また、本願に開示される水処理装置は、上記のように構成された酸化装置と、この酸化装置により処理された被処理水をもとにオゾン水を生成するオゾン水生成部とを備えるものなので、洗浄効果の高いオゾン水を用いてろ過部を洗浄できる。
また、本願に開示されるオゾン水生成方法は、炭酸根の溶存が低減されつつ、被酸化性物質が十分に除去された被処理水をもとにオゾン水を生成するため、洗浄効果の高いオゾン水を得ることができる。
また、本願に開示される洗浄方法は、洗浄効果の高いオゾン水を用いて被洗浄部を洗浄するものなので、被洗浄部における汚れの除去効果を向上できる。
以下、本実施の形態1による酸化装置、水処理装置、水処理方法、オゾン水生成方法、洗浄方法について図を用いて説明する。
図1は、実施の形態1による酸化装置50を有する水処理装置100の概略構成を示す図である。
第1移送部10のろ過ポンプ12を稼働することによりにより、ろ過部1からろ過水Yが吸い出される。吸い出された被処理水としてのろ過水Yは、切替弁11A、切替弁11Bを介して、酸化装置50に移送される。
水質測定装置56としては、例えば、pH計、DO(溶存酸素濃度)計、ORP(標準酸化還元電位)計をいずれかひとつ、または組み合わせて使用する。
水処理装置100が行う一連の動作工程には、膜ろ過工程、前処理工程、オゾン水生成工程、洗浄工程がある。水処理装置100は、これら各工程を行うことで、廃水等をろ過膜でろ過し、ろ過水の一部に対して鉄等の被酸化性無機物質の除去を行い、これら被酸化性無機物質を除去を行ったろ過水をもとにオゾン水を生成し、生成したオゾン水によりろ過膜の洗浄を行うものである。
膜ろ過工程では、ろ過部1において、原水Xのろ過水槽3への受入、ろ過膜2による原水Xのろ過を行い、第1移送部10によりこのろ過水の移送を行う。
なお、ろ過部1において微生物主体の活性汚泥を用いた処理を行う場合(膜分離バイオリアクタ(Membrane bioreactor)として運用する場合)には、ろ過水槽3内に活性汚泥を貯留しておいて、ここに原水Xを導入しても良い。また、ろ過は連続であっても断続的に行っても良い。また、ろ過の合間にろ過膜2の二次側から一次側にむけてろ過水Yを洗浄水して通流する逆洗を行っても、本発明の効果を得る妨げにはならない。
前処理工程では、酸化装置50において、前処理ガス供給ステップと、水質確認ステップとを、同時または交互に実施することで、ろ過水Y中に含まれる被酸化性無機物質の酸化進度に応じて前処理ガスPの供給を行い、ろ過水Y中の被酸化性無機物質の除去を行う。これにより、後述するオゾン水生成工程においてオゾン水生成の妨げとなる、被酸化性物質を前処理ガスPによって除去できる。
前処理ガスPとしては、例えば空気、酸素ガス、または窒素と酸素の混合ガスなど、酸化性物質を含んだ気体が使用できる。よって、前処理ガス供給装置52としては、例えば送風機(ブロア)、酸素ガスを充填したボンベ、酸素と窒素の混合ガスを充填したガスボンベ、酸素ガス発生装置、等が使用できる。
すなわち制御部55は、ろ過水Y中の被酸化性物質の酸化が全て完了したと判定した場合、前処理ガス供給装置52からの前処理ガスPの供給の停止を決定し、前処理工程を終了する。制御部55が、ろ過水Y中の被酸化性物質の酸化が完了していないと判定した場合は、前処理ガス供給装置52からの前処理ガスPの供給の継続を決定する。制御部55のこの決定を行う処理の詳細については後述する。
オゾン水生成工程では、前処理工程完了後に、オゾン水Oの生成を行う。すなわち、オゾン生成器61にてオゾンガスの生成を開始し、生成したオゾンガスをオゾンガス供給配管62を通じて処理水槽51のろ過水Y内に供給する。所定時間オゾンガスをろ過水Y中に供給し、ろ過水Y中のオゾン濃度が目標濃度となったところで、オゾンガスの供給を停止し、オゾン水生成工程を完了する。
なお、オゾンガスの供給方法は、例えば処理水槽51の下部からセラミック、フッ素樹脂、またはステンレス等からなる散気装置を用いて供給しても良いし、またはエジェクタなどでろ過水Yとオゾンガスとを混合するようにして供給しても良い。
洗浄工程では、膜ろ過工程においてろ過膜2のろ過性能低下が認められた場合、膜ろ過工程を停止し、オゾン水Oによるろ過膜2の洗浄を開始する。すなわち、処理水槽51内のオゾン水Oが、洗浄用水配管22から過水配管15へ流れるように切替弁11Aを操作して流路を切り替える。そして、移送ポンプ21を稼動して処理水槽51内のオゾン水Oをろ過膜2へ移送し、ろ過膜2の二次側から一次側に向けて通流させる。このようにろ過膜2の二次側から一次側に向けてオゾン水Oを通流させる逆洗をすることで、ろ過膜の目詰まりを解消すると共に、ろ過膜に付着した有機物をオゾンにより分解して除去する。
洗浄工程完了後は、膜ろ過工程を再開する。
以上、ろ過装置100が行う一連の動作である、膜ろ過工程、前処理工程、オゾン水生成工程、洗浄工程について説明した。
鋭意検討した結果、ろ過水Y内の被酸化性物質の酸化完了点を、ろ過水Yの水質測定によって確認可能であることが明らかとなった。すなわち前処理工程において、以下に説明するように、「前処理ガス供給ステップ」と「水質確認ステップ」とを同時に、または交互に実施することで、ろ過水Y中に含まれる被酸化性物質を前処理ガスPによって過不足無く酸化することが可能になる。
前述のように、水質測定装置56としては、pH計、DO(溶存酸素濃度)計、ORP(標準酸化還元電位)計をいずれかひとつ、または組み合わせて使用する。そして、制御部55は、これらpH値、DO(溶存酸素濃度)値、ORP(標準酸化還元電位)値の時間的な変化により得られる水質変化量に基づいて前述の判定を行う。
図2は、実施の形態1による制御部55が、前処理ガスPを常時供給している最中に測定したDO値およびORP値の少なくとも一方に基づいて、前処理工程を行う場合の処理方法を示すフロー図である。
図3は、実施の形態1による水質測定装置56が、前処理ガスPを供給している最中にろ過水Yを測定して得たDO値あるいはORP値の時間的な変化を示す図である。
次に、制御部55は、ろ過水Y中の被酸化性物質の酸化進度を判定する水質確認ステップを開始する(ステップS3)。
次に、制御部55は、時間L1後に再度水質測定を行い、再度測定値を記録する(ステップS3b)。
次に、制御部55は、ステップS3aとステップS3bで得られた測定値をそれぞれ第1測定値α、第2測定値βとして、下式(1)に従って測定値の時間的な変化により得られる第1変化量、即ち、測定値αと測定値βとを結ぶ線の傾きの絶対値ΔPを演算し、記録する(ステップS3c)。
ΔP=|α-β|/T・・・式(1)
制御部55は、この比較の結果、第2傾きPt2が第1傾きPt1よりも大きくなった場合に(ステップS3d、Yes)、ろ過水Y中の被酸化性物質の酸化が完了したと判定し、ろ過水Yへの前処理ガスPの供給の停止を決定する。この場合、制御部55は、水質確認ステップS3を完了させた後に、前処理ガス供給ステップを完了して前処理ガスPの供給を停止し(ステップS4)、前処理工程を終了する(ステップS5)。
なお、制御部55は、この比較の結果、第2傾きPt2が第1傾きPt1以下であった場合には(ステップS3d、No)、ステップS3aに戻り水質確認ステップを継続する。
なお上記時間L1としては、10~600秒が好適である。
図3に示すように、ろ過水Yに対して酸素を含んだ前処理ガスPを供給し続け、ろ過水Y中の被酸化性物質を酸化させ続けた場合、前処理ガスPを供給し続けたとしても、前処理ガスPに含まれる酸化性物質が被酸化性物質によって消費されるため、ろ過水Y中のDO値、ORP値の急激な上昇は妨げられる。図3のt0~t9にて示す期間は、被酸化性物質がろ過水Y中に残存している期間であり、前処理ガスPの供給中においてもDO値あるいはORP値は緩やかに概ね一定の傾きを有して上昇していることが判る。
ゆえに、上記のように水質測定値の時間的な変化により得られるDO値、ORP値の変化量を算出し、これを連続的に比較して、測定値の上昇速度の増大を検知することで被酸化性物質の酸化進度を判定し、酸化完了点を見出すことが可能となる。
本実施の形態では、図3における第1時点t7、第2時点t8においてそれぞれ測定された第1測定値と第2測定値とを結ぶ線の傾きの絶対値である第1傾きΔPt1と、第1時点t9、第2時点t10においてそれぞれ測定された第3測定値と第4測定値とを結ぶ線の傾きの絶対値である第2傾きΔPt2との大小関係の比較を行った際において、被酸化性物質の酸化が完了したと判定され、前処理ガスPの供給が停止される。
以下、水質測定装置56としてpH計を設け、前処理ガスPを常時供給している最中に測定したpH値に基づいて、前処理工程を行う場合の処理を説明する。
図5は、実施の形態1による水質測定装置56が、前処理ガスPを供給している最中にろ過水Yを測定して得たpH値の時間的な変化を示す図である。
図4に示すようにpH値を測定する場合では、水質確認ステップ(ステップS31)における酸化進度の判定ステップ(ステップS3d1)のみが異なる。その他のステップは図2と同様であり、説明を省略する。
図5に示すように、ろ過水Yに対して酸素を含んだ前処理ガスPを供給し続けた場合、ろ過水Y中に第一鉄イオンなどの被酸化性物質が含まれる場合等において、これらが酸化され続けると水酸化鉄の形成により水酸化物イオンが消費され続け、pHの低下が認められる。図5のt0~t7にて示す期間は、被酸化性物質がろ過水Y中に残存している期間であり、pH値が概ね一定の傾きを有して低下していることが判る。
ゆえに上記のように水質測定値の時間的な変化により得られるpH値の変化量を算出し、これを連続的に比較して、pH値の低下速度の減少を検知することで被酸化性物質の酸化進度を判定し、酸化完了点を見出すことが可能となる。
本実施の形態では、図5における第1時点t5、第2時点t6においてそれぞれ測定された第1測定値と第2測定値とを結ぶ線の傾きの絶対値である第1傾きΔPt1と、第3時点t7、第4時点t8においてそれぞれ測定された第3測定値と第4測定値とを結ぶ線の傾きの絶対値である第2傾きΔPt2との大小関係の比較をした際において、被酸化性物質の酸化が完了したと判定され、前処理ガスPの供給が停止される。
以下、前処理ガス供給ステップと水質確認ステップを交互に実施する場合、すなわち所定の休止期間を設けて間欠的に前処理ガスPをろ過水Yに対して供給し、前処理ガスPの供給の合間の前記休止期間において、ろ過水Yの水質測定を行う場合について説明する。
図7は、実施の形態1による水質測定装置56が、前処理ガスPの供給の合間の休止期間においてろ過水Yを測定して得たDO値あるいはORP値の時間的な変化を示す図である。
図8は、実施の形態1による水質測定装置56が、前処理ガスPの供給の合間の休止期間においてろ過水Yを測定して得たpH値の時間的な変化を示す図である。
次に制御部55は、所定の供給時間L2が経過したところで前処理ガスPの供給を中断し(ステップS2a)、この前処理ガス供給を中断している休止期間において、ろ過水Y中の被酸化性物質の酸化進度を判定する水質確認ステップを開始する(ステップS32)。なおL2は10~600秒が好適である。
次に、制御部55は、さらにその時間L3後に再度水質測定を行い、測定値を記録する(ステップS3b)。
次に、制御部55は、ステップS3aとステップS3bで得られた測定値をそれぞれ第1測定値α、第2測定値βとして、これら両者の比、すなわち第2測定値βを第1測定値α値により除算した値と、所定の第3値R3とを比較する(ステップS3d2)。
なお、L3は10~600秒、第3値R3は0.5~1.2が好適である。
一方、制御部55は、この比較の結果、第2傾きβ/第1傾きαの値がR3未満であった場合には(ステップS3d2)、ステップS2に戻り、前処理ガス供給ステップを再開して、前処理ガスPの供給の休止期間において再度水質確認ステップS32を実行する。
図7において、DO値あるいはORP値が上昇している期間(例えば、t0~t1、t2~t3、t4~t5、・・・)が、前処理ガスPをろ過水Y内に供給している期間である。また、DO値あるいはORP値が下降している期間(例えば、t1~t2、t3~t4、t5~t6、・・・)が、前処理ガスPの供給を中断している休止期間である。
また、図8において、期間(t0~t1、t2~t3、t4~t5、・・・)が、前処理ガスPをろ過水Y内に供給している期間である。また、期間(t1~t2、t3~t4、t5~t6、・・・)が、前処理ガスPの供給を中断している休止期間である。
なお、図7において、前処理ガスPを供給している間のDO値、ORP値の上昇速度は、図3に示したものよりも早いものを示しているが、測定値の上昇速度は前処理ガスPの供給条件等により変動する。
一方で、被酸化性物質の酸化が十分に進行すると、第1測定値αに対する第2測定値βの下げ幅が小さくなるか、あるいは、第2測定値βが第1測定値α以上となることが、鋭意検討の結果見出された。
本実施の形態では、図7における第2時点t18において測定された第2測定値βを、第1時点t17において測定された第1測定値αにより除算した測定値の比と、第3値R3との大小関係の比較を行った際において、被酸化性物質の酸化が完了したと判定され、前処理ガスPの供給が停止される。
この場合、例えば、図7における第1時点t15、第2時点t16においてそれぞれ測定された第1測定値と第2測定値とを結ぶ線の傾きの絶対値である第1傾きΔPt1と、第3時点t17、第4時点t18においてそれぞれ測定された第3測定値と第4測定値とを結ぶ線の傾きの絶対値である第2傾きΔPt2との大小関係の比較を行う。
また、ろ過水を用いてオゾン水を生成するため、水道水などを用いてオゾン水を生成する場合に比べて費用を低減できる。
なお、上記のように生成されたオゾン水を用いて洗浄する被洗浄部は、浄水処理、排水処理等に用いられるろ過膜に限定するものではない。例えば、被洗浄部は、食物、医療器具などでもよく、これらの被洗浄部に対しても同様に高い洗浄効果を得ることができる。
よって、測定対象が被酸化性物質の酸化の完了前と完了後とで、測定値の傾きが変化するような特性を有する場合において、測定値の第1変化量としてこのような測定値の傾きを用いた判定を行うことで精度良く被酸化性物質の酸化完了点を見出せる。
また、制御部は、第1変化量として、第1測定値と第2測定値とを結ぶ線の第1傾きと、第2測定値と第3測定値とを結ぶ線の第2傾きとの関係を用いてもよい。この場合、第4測定値の測定を不要として、迅速に被酸化性物質の酸化完了点を見出せる。
また、制御部は、第2傾きを第1傾きにより除算した値が所定の第1値以上となると、ろ過水への前処理ガスの供給の停止を決定してもよい。この場合、測定値の誤差などによる意図しない前処理工程の停止を抑止し、前処理工程の動作を安定化できる。
また、制御部は、第2傾きを第1傾きにより除算した値が所定の第2値以下となると、ろ過水への前処理ガスの供給の停止を決定してもよい。この場合、測定値の誤差などによる意図しない前処理工程の停止を抑止し、前処理工程の動作を安定化できる。
よって、前処理ガスの休止期間において、測定対象が被酸化性物質の酸化完了前と酸化完了後とでそれぞれ測定した2つの測定値の比が変化するような特性を有する場合において、測定値の第1変化量としてこのような2つの測定値の比を用いた判定を行うことで精度良く被酸化性物質の酸化完了点を見出せる。
DO値、ORP値、ph値を測定対象とした場合、ろ過水中の被酸化性物質の酸化が完了すると、休止期間において第2測定値を第1測定値により除算した測定値の比が小さくなるため、このような判定を行うことで、更に精度良く被酸化性物質の酸化完了点を見出せる。
また、これまでの説明では、オゾン水生成部60は、オゾン生成器61と、オゾンガス供給配管62のみを備えたものを示したがこの構成に限定されるものではなく、例えばオゾン水Oの生成専用のオゾン水生成水槽を備えたものでもよい。
またオゾン水生成部60は、酸化装置50内に設けてもよい。
例えば、酸化装置は、ろ過部1のろ過水槽3内に貯留された原水X中の被酸化性物質を除去するものでもよい。この場合、ろ過水槽3に、水質測定装置56と前処理ガス供給装置52とを設ければ良い。そして制御部55は、水質測定装置56により得られた被処理水としての原水Xの水質測定により得られる第1変化量に基づいて、原水X中内の被酸化性物質の酸化進度を判定し、原水Xへの前処理ガスPの供給の継続あるいは停止を決定する。この場合、オゾン水生成部60は、ろ過水槽3内の原水Xに直接オゾンガスを供給すして原水Xに含まれる有機物等の不純物を分解する。
以下、本実施の形態2を、上記実施の形態1と異なる箇所を中心に図を用いて説明する。上記実施の形態1と同様の部分は同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
図9は、実施の形態2による水処理装置200の概略構成を示す図である。
図10は、実施の形態2による外気接触装置270の概略構成の一例を示す図である。
図9に示す水処理装置200は、洗浄用水配管16上に外気接触装置270を備えるほかは図1に示した水処理装置100と同様である。
図10に示すように、外気接触装置270は、外気(大気)開放された水槽71を用いる。また、外気接触装置270には、例えばエジェクタも使用可能であり、ろ過水Yが該エジェクタを流下する際に生じる負圧により外気を吸引してろ過水Yと外気とを混合することもできる。この場合、ろ過水Yが水槽を流下する際に外気と接触させることで被酸化性物質の酸化が可能である。
更に、酸化装置における前処理工程を補助する外気接触装置を備えるため、前処理工程実施時間の短縮が可能であると共に、前処理工程における前処理ガスの使用量低減を可能にできる。こうして、低コストで処理速度の速い酸化装置および水処理装置を提供できる。
以下、本実施の形態3を、上記実施の形態1、2と異なる箇所を中心に図を用いて説明する。上記実施の形態1、2と同様の部分は同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
図11は、実施の形態3による酸化装置350を有する水処理装置300の概略構成を示す図である。
図12は、実施の形態3による制御部355が、循環工程を実施している最中に測定したDO値およびORP値の少なくとも一方に基づいて、前処理工程を行う場合の処理方法を示すフロー図である。
図13は、実施の形態3による制御部355が、循環工程を実施している最中に測定したpH値に基づいて前処理工程を行う場合の処理方法を示すフロー図である。
本実施の形態の酸化装置350において、酸化性物質を含んだ酸化用物質をろ過水Yに接触させる酸化部354は、外気接触装置270と切替弁323と循環配管317と、移送ポンプ21とを備える。また、制御部355は、水質測定装置56によって得られた水質測定結果を受信し、この結果に基づいて後述する演算を行い、移送ポンプ21の稼働制御を行う。
これら図12、図13に示した循環ステップS302では、制御部355が、処理水槽51内に貯留されたろ過水Yを移送ポンプ21を稼働させて吸い出し、切替弁323、循環配管317を介して外気接触装置270の一次側に返送する。そして、ろ過水Yを外気接触装置270の2次側へ通過させて処理水槽51へと循環させる。
以下、本実施の形態4を、上記実施の形態1と異なる箇所を中心に図を用いて説明する。上記実施の形態1と同様の部分は同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
図14は、実施の形態4による水処理装置500の概略構成を示す図である。
図15は、実施の形態4による制御部555が、ろ過水Y中の炭酸根の除去を行う処理方法を示すフロー図である。
本実施の形態では、制御部555は、前処理工程が終了した後であって、オゾン水生成工程を開始する前において、ろ過水Y中の炭酸根の除去を行う脱炭酸工程を行う。制御部555の処理において、この脱炭酸根工程を行う以外は、実施の形態1に示した処理と同様である。
ろ過水に含まれる被酸化性物質の濃度が高い場合においては、この被酸化性物質の酸化に時間を要し、前処理工程の実施時間は比較的長くなり、また前処理ガスの供給量、あるいは、外気接触装置によって供給される外気の量も多くなる。このため、特に前処理ガスとして空気を用いた場合、外気接触装置による外気での酸化を行った場合には、該空気および該外気に含まれる炭酸ガスのろ過水への溶解量も多くなってしまう。
鋭意検討を行った結果、前処理工程完了後、所定の方法によりろ過水中の炭酸根を除去する「脱炭酸工程」を実行することにより、前処理工程の実施方法、実施時間によらずオゾン水の洗浄効果を高く維持できることを見出した。また炭酸根の除去において、炭酸根の除去操作を加えながら、特定の水質をモニタリングすることで炭酸根除去完了を明確に把握可能であることを見出した。
制御部555は、前処理工程完了後において、脱炭酸工程を開始すると(ステップS510)、脱炭酸処理を開始する(ステップS511)。
ここで、脱炭酸処理とは脱炭酸部570を稼動させ、ろ過水に対して炭酸根の除去を行う脱炭酸操作を加えることを指す。脱炭酸部570部としては、酸素ガス、窒素ガス、酸素と窒素の混合ガスなど、炭酸ガス含有体積割合が100ppm以下の脱炭酸ガスをろ過水Yに供給する「脱炭酸ガス供給装置」、ろ過水Yを加温可能な「加温装置」、ろ過水Yに対して超音波を発振可能な「超音波発振装置」、などから選ばれる1つまたは複数の装置からなる構成を用いることができる。よって、脱炭酸処理としては、例えば脱炭酸部570として脱炭酸ガス供給装置を用いる場合には、処理水槽51内に貯留されたろ過水Yへの脱炭酸ガス供給配管572を通じた脱炭酸ガス供給であり、加温装置であれば加温開始であり、超音波発振装置であれば超音波発振開始である。
この水質確認ステップにおいて、制御部555は、水質測定装置56によりろ過水Yの水質測定を行い、水質測定結果を中間処理測定値として記録する(ステップS512a)。測定する水質としてはpHが好適である。
次に、制御部555は、時間L4後に再度水質測定を行い、水質測定結果を再度中間処理測定値として記録する(ステップS512b)。
なお、制御部555は、この比較の結果、第2中間処理測定値βを第1中間処理測定値αにより除算した値が第4値R4よりも大きい場合には(ステップS512c、No)、ステップS512aに戻り水質確認ステップを継続する。
なお、第4値R4は1.0~1.5が好適である。
図示は行わないが、脱炭酸ガス供給、加温、超音波によるろ過水の脱炭酸を行う場合には、液相中の炭酸根がガスとして気相に放出されるため、ろ過水のpHが上昇する。しかしながら、ろ過水から炭酸根が十分に放出されると、それぞれの水質の変化が緩やかになる。よって上記のようなpH値のモニタリングにより、脱炭酸完了点を明確に確認することができる。
脱炭酸部570として、ろ過水Yが所望のpH値になるように、pH調整剤としての酸性薬品をろ過Yに添加するpH調整装置を用いても良い。
炭酸根はpHによって形態を変化させ、およそ酸性域では大部分が炭酸ガスとして気相に放散する。これを利用し、ろ過水Yに対して、塩酸、硫酸などの酸性薬品を添加してpHを酸性に調整することでろ過水中から炭酸根を除去できる。この場合では、必ずしも図15の水質確認ステップS512に示した通りの水質確認ステップを行う必要はなく、制御部555は、水質測定装置56により得られたpH値が、所定の目標pH値となるように脱炭酸装置571(pH調整装置)を制御して、酸性薬品をろ過水Yに添加すればよい。
従って、例示されていない無数の変形例が、本願に開示される技術の範囲内において想定される。例えば、少なくとも1つの構成要素を変形する場合、追加する場合または省略する場合、さらには、少なくとも1つの構成要素を抽出し、他の実施の形態の構成要素と組み合わせる場合が含まれるものとする。
Claims (20)
- 被処理水に酸化性物質を含んだ酸化用物質を接触させて、前記被処理水が含有する被酸化性物質を酸化させる酸化装置であって、
前記被処理水に前記酸化用物質を接触させる酸化部と、
前記被処理水の水質測定を行う測定部と、
前記酸化部を制御し、前記測定部による前記被処理水の水質測定によって得られた測定値の時間的な変化により得られる第1変化量に基づいて、前記被処理水内の前記被酸化性物質の酸化進度を判定し、前記被処理水への前記酸化用物質の供給の継続あるいは停止を決定する制御部と、を備えた、
酸化装置。 - 請求項1に記載の酸化装置と、
原水内の有機物をろ過してろ過水を生成するろ過部と、
前記ろ過水を前記被処理水として前記酸化部に移送する第1移送部と、
前記酸化用物質の供給が停止と決定された前記被処理水に対してオゾンガスを供給してオゾン水を生成するオゾン水生成部と、
前記オゾン水を、前記ろ過部に移送する第2移送部とを備えた、
水処理装置。 - 前記第1移送部は、前記ろ過水を外気中に曝露する第1外気接触装置を備えた、
請求項2に記載の水処理装置。 - 被処理水に酸化性物質を含んだ酸化用物質を接触させて、前記被処理水が含有する被酸化性物質を酸化させる水処理方法であって、
前記被処理水の水質測定によって得られた測定値の時間的な変化により得られる第1変化量に基づいて、前記被処理水内の前記被酸化性物質の酸化進度を判定し、前記被処理水への前記酸化用物質の供給の継続あるいは停止を決定する、
水処理方法。 - 前記第1変化量として、前記測定値の傾きを用いる、
請求項4に記載の水処理方法。 - 前記第1変化量として、前記測定値の比を用いる、
請求項4に記載の水処理方法。 - 第1時点にて測定した前記測定値を第1測定値とし、前記第1時点よりも後の第2時点にて測定した前記測定値を第2測定値とし、
前記第2時点よりも後の第3時点にて測定した前記測定値を第3測定値とし、前記第3時点よりも後の第4時点にて測定した前記測定値を第4測定値とし、
前記第1測定値と前記第2測定値とを結ぶ線の第1傾きと、前記第3測定値と前記第4測定値とを結ぶ線あるいは前記第2測定値と前記第3測定値とを結ぶ線の第2傾きと、の関係を用いる、
請求項5に記載の水処理方法。 - 前記測定値は、前記被処理水の溶存酸素濃度値および標準酸化還元電位値の少なくとも一方であり、前記被処理水へ前記酸化用物質を連続的に供給させる構成において、
前記第2傾きの絶対値が前記第1傾きの絶対値よりも大きくなる、あるいは、前記第2傾きの絶対値を前記第1傾きの絶対値により除算した値が所定の第1値以上となると、前記被処理水への前記酸化用物質の供給の停止を決定する、
請求項7に記載の水処理方法。 - 前記測定値は、前記被処理水のpH値であり、前記被処理水へ前記酸化用物質を連続的に供給させる構成において、
前記第2傾きの絶対値が、前記第1傾きの絶対値よりも下となる、あるいは、前記第2傾きの絶対値を前記第1傾きの絶対値により除算した値が所定の第2値以下となると、前記被処理水への前記酸化用物質の供給の停止を決定する、
請求項7に記載の水処理方法。 - 前記被処理水へ前記酸化用物質を所定の休止期間を設けて間欠的に供給させ、
前記第1変化量として前記休止期間における前記測定値の比を用いる構成において、
第1時点にて測定した前記測定値を第1測定値とし、前記第1時点よりも後の第2時点にて測定した前記測定値を第2測定値とし、
前記第2測定値を前記第1測定値により除算した前記測定値の比が所定の第3値以上となると、前記被処理水への前記酸化用物質の供給の停止を決定する、
請求項6に記載の水処理方法。 - 前記測定値は、前記被処理水の、溶存酸素濃度値、標準酸化還元電位値、pH値、の少なくともいずれか一つである、
請求項4から請求項7、請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の水処理方法。 - 前記被処理水への前記酸化用物質の供給は、前記酸化用物質としての、前記酸化性物質を含んだ気体を前記被処理水内に噴出して行う、
請求項4から請求項11のいずれか1項に記載の水処理方法。 - 前記被処理水への前記酸化用物質の供給は、前記酸化用物質としての外気中に前記被処理水が曝露されるように前記被処理水を移送させて行う、
請求項4から請求項11のいずれか1項に記載の水処理方法。 - 前記酸化用物質の供給が停止と決定された前記被処理水に対して、前記被処理水内の炭酸根の除去を行う、
請求項4から請求項13のいずれか1項に記載の水処理方法。 - 前記炭酸根の除去が行われた前記被処理水の水質測定によって得られた中間処理測定値の時間的な変化により得られる第2変化量に基づいて、前記被処理水内の前記炭酸根の除去進度を判定し、前記被処理水の前記炭酸根の除去の継続あるいは停止を決定する、
請求項14に記載の水処理方法。 - 前記中間処理測定値は、前記被処理水のpH値であり、
前記第2変化量として、前記中間処理測定値の比を用いる、
請求項15に記載の水処理方法。 - 前記被処理水内の前記炭酸根の除去は、脱炭酸ガスの前記被処理水内への噴出、前記被処理水の加温、前記被処理水への超音波振動の付与、の少なくとも一つを用いて行う、
請求項14から請求項16のいずれか1項に記載の水処理方法。 - 前記被処理水内の前記炭酸根の除去は、前記被処理水が所定のpH値になるように酸性薬品からなるpH調整剤を前記被処理水に添加して行う、
請求項14に記載の水処理方法。 - 請求項4から請求項18のいずれか1項に記載の水処理方法において前記酸化用物質の供給が停止と決定された前記被処理水に対して、オゾンガスを供給してオゾン水を生成する、
オゾン水生成方法。 - 請求項19に記載のオゾン水生成方法により生成された前記オゾン水を用いて被洗浄部を洗浄する洗浄方法。
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- 2018-06-13 KR KR1020207034891A patent/KR20210005251A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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US20210214250A1 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
CN112261986B (zh) | 2022-08-16 |
KR20210005251A (ko) | 2021-01-13 |
JP6591093B1 (ja) | 2019-10-16 |
SG11202012041PA (en) | 2021-01-28 |
CN112261986A (zh) | 2021-01-22 |
JPWO2019239515A1 (ja) | 2020-06-25 |
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