WO2019221615A1 - Method for obtaining oils in powder form by changing from a liquid phase to a solid phase - Google Patents

Method for obtaining oils in powder form by changing from a liquid phase to a solid phase Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019221615A1
WO2019221615A1 PCT/PE2019/000005 PE2019000005W WO2019221615A1 WO 2019221615 A1 WO2019221615 A1 WO 2019221615A1 PE 2019000005 W PE2019000005 W PE 2019000005W WO 2019221615 A1 WO2019221615 A1 WO 2019221615A1
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mixture
oil
process according
melting point
fatty acids
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PCT/PE2019/000005
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ariel Adrian Capitaine Funes
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BARDALES MENDOZA, Enrique
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Publication of WO2019221615A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019221615A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
    • A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
    • A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B15/00—Solidifying fatty oils, fats, or waxes by physical processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for obtaining a fatty powder obtained from oils and fats in the natural state by changing from liquid phase to solid phase by external atomization and crystallization at temperature below the point of solidification.
  • the present invention relates to the elaboration of by-pass fats for ruminants using oil with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids in the natural state (without being modified by processes such as hydrogenation, intersterification and saponification among others).
  • Argentina is one of the main producing countries of soybean oil in the world, and 90% of the production is exported as such. It is possible to use the oil in animal feed, but so far its inclusion may be small because its condition does not allow obtaining homogeneous and palatable mixtures for animals. If the oil were transformed into powder, and did not lose its characteristics, it would be feasible to increase its participation in animal diets, improve productivity and efficiency, and be part of processed foods of high added value, increasing the internal consumption of the oil and its value. In the case of ruminants, it is not possible to use oils as such in the diets, since they must be protected from ruminal degradation, to then be digested and absorbed at the intestinal level. If the dust obtained had a bypass effect (do not alter the ruminal operation) it could be used in ruminant diets, thus increasing the possibilities of use, and increasing the added value.
  • a method of manufacturing crystalline volatile fatty powders by spraying the fat into a stream of cold air after being melted by heat.
  • the grease Prior to spraying, the grease is subjected to a pre-treatment where the low melting point Alpha and / or Beta crystals contained in said grease are converted into cores of high Beta crystals degree of melting, by heating the fat below its clarification point, then cool it quickly to a temperature below one third of the temperature range between its freezing point and its clarification point, maintaining that temperature in order to complete the formation of Beta fat crystal cores and then slowly heat again until a low viscosity sufficient for spraying is achieved. Heating is carried out so as not to substantially destroy the Beta fat nuclei.
  • the crystalline fat powder obtained by spraying the liquid fat in a stream of dry and cold air is then subjected to a subsequent treatment by heating it in a dry gas atmosphere and at a temperature in the range of 0 to 10 ° C, so as to convert the residual Alpha or Beta crystals that are substantially there, in the form of Beta fat crystals with a high melting point.
  • the document in the name of Fuji Oil Co. adds to the fat a non-fatty element that generally says that it goes from 10 to 50% of the total mixture (weight / weight), also uses a fat in the mixture that has between 10 and 50 degrees of melting point and gives as a possibility to add fractionated fatty acids.
  • the amount of non-fatty solid to be added says that it depends on the type of fat, but goes from 25 to 99%.
  • oils that have a high content of unsaturated fatty acids do so in a small proportion ( ⁇ 25% weight / weight), and when it does so in a larger proportion it needs to hydrogenate the oil to increase the melting point, therefore it is a modified oil with a high content of saturated fatty acids, resulting in a different product, making the process cumbersome to carry out, and therefore more expensive.
  • step f) lead the mixture from step e) to an atomization nozzle
  • the oil is stored in a tank and depending on its chemical composition (chain length and degrees of saturation of its fatty acids) a heat source will be needed to take it to its liquid phase.
  • the process is continuous online and is carried out as follows:
  • an oily liquid that has a high melting point (> 35 degrees Celsius) must be generated so that it can then be kept at room temperature as a powder without refrigeration.
  • the oil is mixed with saturated fatty acids of high melting point (preferably long chain such as myristic, palmitic and stearic among others).
  • saturated fatty acids of high melting point preferably long chain such as myristic, palmitic and stearic among others.
  • a non-fatty component such as carbohydrate (maltodextrin or starch) or a protein is added. This mixture is made in a reactor that agitates the contents for mixing at a temperature that keeps it liquid (preferably> 50 degrees).
  • the hot oily mixture in a liquid state is conducted by heated tubes and injected by a continuous flow pump into an external flat rain spray nozzle that allows the atomization of viscous materials.
  • the nozzle located on the roof of the crystallization chamber, consists of a central hole through which the oil is injected and two side holes through which the compressed air is injected.
  • the oil is injected with a dynamic viscosity of less than 200 centipoise and at a pressure between 1.0-2.5 Bar depending on the degree of viscosity of the liquid.
  • Compressed air is injected into the side holes of the nozzle at a pressure of 6 Bar and with a flow rate of 280-300 liters per minute, resulting in the collision of particles caused by the atomization of the oil inside the chamber (in fine drops). This atomized oil must immediately contact the cold air that allows its crystallization.
  • air is simultaneously injected into the upper part of the crystallization chamber with tangential inlet a volume of 6000-8000 m 3 / hour, cooled to a temperature below the melting point (preferably ⁇ - 20 ° C) what It allows the change from liquid to solid phase by means of an exothermic heat exchange process (25 to 30 Joules / gram oil) and then to crystallization instantly.
  • This air that carries a smaller amount of fine dust is conducted from the Tower to a bag filter that separates the microparticles of fine dust and air, and only lets in pure air for recirculation.
  • the fine dust that falls from the bag filter is evacuated by another rotary valve to the conveyor belt that leads to bagging.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the transformation of a vegetable oil into powder, preferably for being mixed into balanced feed for animals. The object of the method is to transform any vegetable oil with a high unsaturated fatty acid content in its natural state or fats from any source into powder. Although soybean oil is the most readily available product in Argentina, the method is possible with any oil, both pure or with mixtures from different sources (soya, corn, sunflower seed, linseed, palm, coconut, etc.)

Description

PROCESO PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DE ACEITES EN POLVO MEDIANTE CAMBIO DE FASE LÍQUIDA A FASE SÓLIDA  PROCESS FOR OBTAINING POWDER OILS THROUGH CHANGE OF LIQUID PHASE TO SOLID PHASE
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a un proceso para la obtención de un polvo graso obtenido a partir de aceites y grasas en estado natural mediante cambio de fase líquida a fase sólida por atomización externa y cristalización a temperatura bajo el punto de solidificación. Preferentemente la presente invención se relaciona con la elaboración de grasas by pass para rumiantes utilizando aceite con alto contenido de ácidos grasos insaturados en estado natural (sin ser modificado por procesos como hidrogenación, interesterificación y saponificación entre otros).  The present invention relates to a process for obtaining a fatty powder obtained from oils and fats in the natural state by changing from liquid phase to solid phase by external atomization and crystallization at temperature below the point of solidification. Preferably the present invention relates to the elaboration of by-pass fats for ruminants using oil with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids in the natural state (without being modified by processes such as hydrogenation, intersterification and saponification among others).
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Argentina es uno de los principales países productores de aceite de soja en el mundo, y el 90% de la producción se exporta como tal. Es posible utilizar el aceite en la alimentación animal, pero hasta el momento su inclusión puede ser pequeña debido a que su estado no permite obtener mezclas homogéneas y palatables para los animales. Si el aceite se transformara en polvo, y no perdiera sus características, sería factible aumentar su participación en las dietas de animales, mejorar la productividad y eficiencia, y formar parte de alimentos elaborados de alto valor agregado, aumentando el consumo intemo del aceite y su valor. En el caso de rumiantes, no es posible utilizar aceites como tal en las dietas, ya que deben ser protegidos de la degradación ruminal, para luego ser digeridos y absorbidos a nivel intestinal. Si el polvo obtenido tuviera efecto by pass (no altere el funcionamiento ruminal) podría utilizarse en las dietas de rumiantes, aumentando así las posibilidades de uso, y aumentando el valor agregado.  Argentina is one of the main producing countries of soybean oil in the world, and 90% of the production is exported as such. It is possible to use the oil in animal feed, but so far its inclusion may be small because its condition does not allow obtaining homogeneous and palatable mixtures for animals. If the oil were transformed into powder, and did not lose its characteristics, it would be feasible to increase its participation in animal diets, improve productivity and efficiency, and be part of processed foods of high added value, increasing the internal consumption of the oil and its value. In the case of ruminants, it is not possible to use oils as such in the diets, since they must be protected from ruminal degradation, to then be digested and absorbed at the intestinal level. If the dust obtained had a bypass effect (do not alter the ruminal operation) it could be used in ruminant diets, thus increasing the possibilities of use, and increasing the added value.
Existen actualmente diversas técnicas para lograr que el aceite se pueda tranformar en polvo. Por ejemplo, existe el método descrito en el documento US 3,892,880 a nombre de Erhard Grolitsch. Dicho documento divulga  There are currently various techniques to ensure that the oil can be transformed into powder. For example, there is the method described in US 3,892,880 in the name of Erhard Grolitsch. Said document discloses
Un método de manufactura de polvos grasos volátiles cristalinos por medio del rociado de la grasa en una corriente de aire frió luego de haber sido fundida por calor. Previo al rociado, la grasa es sometida a un pre tratamiento en donde los cristales de bajo punto de fusión Alpha y/o Beta contenidos en dicha grasa, son convertidos en núcleos de cristales Beta de alto grado de fusión, mediante el calentamiento de la grasa por debajo de su punto de clarificación, luegp enfriarla rápidamente a una temperatura por debajo del tercio del rango de temperatura entre su punto de congelamiento y su punto de clarificación, manteniendo dicha temperatura de modo de completar la formación de núcleos de cristal de grasas Beta y luego lentamente calentar nuevamente hasta que se logra una baja viscosidad suficiente para su rociado. El calentamiento se lleva a cabo de modo de no destruir substancialmente los núcleos de grasa Beta. El polvo cristalino de grasa obtenido mediante el rociado de la grasa liquida en una corriente de aire seca y fría es luego sometido a un tratamiento posterior por medio del calentamiento de este en una atmosfera de gas seco y a una temperatura en el rango de 0 a 10°C, de modo de convertir los cristales residuales Alfa o Beta que se substancial mente se encuentran allí, en la forma de cristales de grasa Beta con alto punto de fusión. A method of manufacturing crystalline volatile fatty powders by spraying the fat into a stream of cold air after being melted by heat. Prior to spraying, the grease is subjected to a pre-treatment where the low melting point Alpha and / or Beta crystals contained in said grease are converted into cores of high Beta crystals degree of melting, by heating the fat below its clarification point, then cool it quickly to a temperature below one third of the temperature range between its freezing point and its clarification point, maintaining that temperature in order to complete the formation of Beta fat crystal cores and then slowly heat again until a low viscosity sufficient for spraying is achieved. Heating is carried out so as not to substantially destroy the Beta fat nuclei. The crystalline fat powder obtained by spraying the liquid fat in a stream of dry and cold air is then subjected to a subsequent treatment by heating it in a dry gas atmosphere and at a temperature in the range of 0 to 10 ° C, so as to convert the residual Alpha or Beta crystals that are substantially there, in the form of Beta fat crystals with a high melting point.
Por otro lado, también se conoce el documento US 4,855,157 a nombre de Fuji Oil Co Ltd, el cual describe un proceso para producir grasa en polvo la cual comprende entrar en contacto con grasa o aceite en la forma de gotas liquidas en estado atomizado con un flujo de aire a baja temperatura, la grasa o el aceite contiene un material solido natural y soluble disperso de manera uniforme en el mismo.  On the other hand, document US 4,855,157 in the name of Fuji Oil Co Ltd is also known, which describes a process for producing powdered grease which comprises coming into contact with grease or oil in the form of liquid drops in an atomized state with a Low temperature air flow, grease or oil contains a natural and soluble solid material dispersed evenly in it.
En este caso, el documento a nombre de Fuji Oil Co., le agrega a la grasa un elemento no graso que a rasgos generales dice que va desde el 10 al 50% de la mezcla total (peso /peso), además utiliza una grasa en la mezcla que tiene entre 10 y 50 grados de punto de fusión y da como una posibilidad agregar ácidos grasos fraccionados. Por otro lado declara que la cantidad de solido no graso a agregar, dice que depende del tipo de grasa, pero que va de 25 a 99%.  In this case, the document in the name of Fuji Oil Co., adds to the fat a non-fatty element that generally says that it goes from 10 to 50% of the total mixture (weight / weight), also uses a fat in the mixture that has between 10 and 50 degrees of melting point and gives as a possibility to add fractionated fatty acids. On the other hand, it states that the amount of non-fatty solid to be added, says that it depends on the type of fat, but goes from 25 to 99%.
Es importante destacar que el proceso descrito anteriormente cuando utiliza aceites que tienen alto contenido de ácidos grasos insaturados (aceite de soja) lo hace en una pequeña proporción (<25% peso/peso), y cuando lo hace en una mayor proporción necesita hidrogenar el aceite para aumentar el punto de fusión, por lo tanto es un aceite modificado con alto contenido de ácidos grasos saturados, resultando en un producto diferente, haciendo que el proceso sea engorroso de llevar a cabo, y por consiguiente más costoso.  It is important to note that the process described above when using oils that have a high content of unsaturated fatty acids (soybean oil) does so in a small proportion (<25% weight / weight), and when it does so in a larger proportion it needs to hydrogenate the oil to increase the melting point, therefore it is a modified oil with a high content of saturated fatty acids, resulting in a different product, making the process cumbersome to carry out, and therefore more expensive.
Otro documento relevante publicado en 2016, WO 2016154574 Al a nombre de Benemilk Oy Ltd, describe un procedimiento para la elaboración de una grasa by pass para alimentación de rumiantes, que utiliza una mezcla de ácidos grasos cuyo punto de fusión debe estar por encima de 40 grados y un índice de yodo menor a 30, lo que indica que utiliza una pequeña cantidad de aceite con alto contenido de ácidos grasos insaturados (aceite en estado natural). Another relevant document published in 2016, WO 2016154574 Al on behalf of Benemilk Oy Ltd, describes a procedure for the elaboration of a by-pass grease for ruminant feed, which uses a mixture of fatty acids whose melting point should be above 40 degrees and an iodine value of less than 30, indicating that it uses a small amount of oil with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids (oil in natural state).
Es importante destacar que ninguno de los documentos antes descritos, permite arribar a la solución propuesta por el objeto de la presente invención, tal y como se describe a continuación.  It is important to note that none of the documents described above, allows us to arrive at the solution proposed by the object of the present invention, as described below.
RESUMEN DE LA INVENCIÓN SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Es entonces un objeto de la presente invención proveer un proceso para obtener un polvo graso de granulometría fina con partículas menores a 5 micrones de diámetro para ser destinada a alimentación animal (cerdos, aves, salmones, rumiantes, equinos y mascotas) y otros.  It is then an object of the present invention to provide a process for obtaining a fine granulometry fatty powder with particles smaller than 5 microns in diameter to be destined for animal feed (pigs, birds, salmon, ruminants, horses and pets) and others.
Es por lo tanto un objeto de la presente invención proveer un proceso para la transformación en polvo de un aceite vegetal, preferentemente para su mezcla en alimentos balanceados para animales, estando el proceso caracterizado porque comprende los pasos de:  It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a process for the transformation into powder of a vegetable oil, preferably for its mixture in feed for animals, the process being characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
a) almacenar el aceite en un tanque en estado liquido  a) store the oil in a liquid tank
b) generar un líquido oleoso con punto de fusión elevado  b) generate an oily liquid with a high melting point
c) mezclar el aceite con ácidos grasos saturados (presentada en cualquier forma posible, ya sea como ácidos grasos libres o como triglicéridos).  c) mix the oil with saturated fatty acids (presented in any possible way, either as free fatty acids or as triglycerides).
d) agregar un componente no graso  d) add a non-fatty component
e) agitar la mezcla obtenida en d) dentro de un reactor  e) stir the mixture obtained in d) inside a reactor
f) conducir la mezcla del paso e) a una boquilla de atomización  f) lead the mixture from step e) to an atomization nozzle
g) inyectar la mezcla con una mezcla dinámica  g) inject the mixture with a dynamic mixture
h) inyectar aire comprimido a la mezcla produciendo un choque de partículas i) lograr la cristalización de la mezcla mediante el agregado de aire frió  h) inject compressed air into the mixture producing a particle shock i) achieve crystallization of the mixture by adding cold air
DESCRIPCION DETALLADA DEL EJEMPLO DE REALIZACION El proceso tiene por objeto transformar a polvo cualquier aceite vegetal, aunque el aceite de soja es el producto con mayor disponibilidad en Argentina, el proceso es posible con cualquier aceite, tanto puros o con mezclas de diferentes orígenes (soja, maíz, girasol, etc..
Figure imgf000005_0001
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE OF EMBODIMENT The process aims to transform any vegetable oil to powder, although soybean oil is the product with the highest availability in Argentina, the process is possible with any oil, either pure or with mixtures of different origins (soy, corn, sunflower, etc. ..
Figure imgf000005_0001
El aceite es almacenado en un tanque y dependiendo de su composición química (largo de cadena y grados de i n saturación de sus ácidos grasos) se necesitará de una fuente de calor que lo lleve a su fase líquida. El proceso es continuo en línea y se realiza de la siguiente manera:  The oil is stored in a tank and depending on its chemical composition (chain length and degrees of saturation of its fatty acids) a heat source will be needed to take it to its liquid phase. The process is continuous online and is carried out as follows:
Primero se debe generar un líquido oleoso que tenga un punto de fusión elevado (>35 grados centígrados) para que luego como polvo pueda mantenerse a temperatura ambiente sin necesidad de refrigeración. Para ello se mezcla el aceite con ácidos grasos saturados de alto punto de fusión (preferentemente de cadena larga como mirístico, palmítico y esteárico entre otros). Además, para darle fluidez al polvo obtenido y que se facilite su transporte y manipulación se le agrega un componente no graso como hidrato de carbono (maltodextrina o almidón) o una proteína. Esta mezcla se realiza en un reactor que agita el contenido para su mezclado a una temperatura que lo mantenga líquido (preferentemente >50 grados).  First, an oily liquid that has a high melting point (> 35 degrees Celsius) must be generated so that it can then be kept at room temperature as a powder without refrigeration. For this, the oil is mixed with saturated fatty acids of high melting point (preferably long chain such as myristic, palmitic and stearic among others). In addition, to give fluidity to the powder obtained and to facilitate its transport and handling, a non-fatty component such as carbohydrate (maltodextrin or starch) or a protein is added. This mixture is made in a reactor that agitates the contents for mixing at a temperature that keeps it liquid (preferably> 50 degrees).
La mezcla oleosa caliente en estado líquido es conducida por tubos calefaccionados e inyectada por una bomba de flujo continuo hacia una boquilla de atomización externa de lluvia plana que permite la atomización de materiales viscosos. La boquilla, ubicada en el techo de la cámara de cristalización, consta de un orificio central por donde se inyecta el aceite y dos orificios laterales por donde se inyecta el aire comprimido. El aceite se inyecta con una viscosidad dinámica menor a 200 centipoise y a una presión entre 1,0-2, 5 Bar dependiendo el grado de viscosidad del líquido. El aire comprimido es inyectado en los orificios laterales de la boquilla a una presión de 6 Bar y con un caudal de 280-300 litros por minuto, produciéndose el choque de partículas que produce la atomización del aceite en el interior de la cámara (en finas gotas). Este aceite atomizado debe tomar contacto inmediatamente con el aire frío que permita su cristalización.  The hot oily mixture in a liquid state is conducted by heated tubes and injected by a continuous flow pump into an external flat rain spray nozzle that allows the atomization of viscous materials. The nozzle, located on the roof of the crystallization chamber, consists of a central hole through which the oil is injected and two side holes through which the compressed air is injected. The oil is injected with a dynamic viscosity of less than 200 centipoise and at a pressure between 1.0-2.5 Bar depending on the degree of viscosity of the liquid. Compressed air is injected into the side holes of the nozzle at a pressure of 6 Bar and with a flow rate of 280-300 liters per minute, resulting in the collision of particles caused by the atomization of the oil inside the chamber (in fine drops). This atomized oil must immediately contact the cold air that allows its crystallization.
Para generar el ambiente frío dentro de la cámara, se inyecta simultáneamente aire en la parte superior de la cámara de cristalización con ingreso tangencial un volumen de 6000-8000 m3 /hora, enfriado a una temperatura inferior al punto de fusión (preferentemente <-20 °C) lo que permite el cambio de fase líquida a sólida mediante un proceso exotérmico de intercambio de calor (25 a 30 Joules/gramo aceite) y luego a cristalización de manera instantánea. To generate the cold environment inside the chamber, air is simultaneously injected into the upper part of the crystallization chamber with tangential inlet a volume of 6000-8000 m 3 / hour, cooled to a temperature below the melting point (preferably <- 20 ° C) what It allows the change from liquid to solid phase by means of an exothermic heat exchange process (25 to 30 Joules / gram oil) and then to crystallization instantly.
El aceite caliente atomizado en finas gotas se transforma en polvo de manera instantánea cuando choca con la corriente de aire frío que entra en la torre de cristalización. La mayor parte del polvo obtenido cae por gravedad a la parte inferior de la torre de cristalización, y una válvula rotativa ubicada en el piso de dicha torre la deja caer a la cinta transportadora que lo lleva a embolsado, mientras no deja salir el aire del interior de la torre, el cual va por circuito cerrado a su reutilización y enfriamiento para ingresar nuevamente como aire puro y frío en la torre. Este aire que lleva una menor cantidad de polvo fino es conducido desde la Torre hacia un filtro de mangas que separa las micropartículas de polvo fino y el aire, y sólo deja pasar el aire puro para su recirculación. Este aire libre de polvo y 100 % saturado sale del filtro de manga e ingresa nuevamente al circuito de frío a una temperatura de -10 a 15 °C para ser enfriado e ingresar nuevamente a la Torre de cristalización y continuar el proceso en un circuito de aire cerrado.  Hot oil sprayed into fine drops instantly turns to dust when it collides with the cold air stream entering the crystallization tower. Most of the dust obtained falls by gravity to the bottom of the crystallization tower, and a rotary valve located on the floor of said tower drops it to the conveyor belt that takes it in bagging, while not letting air out of the inside the tower, which goes through closed circuit to its reuse and cooling to enter again as pure and cold air in the tower. This air that carries a smaller amount of fine dust is conducted from the Tower to a bag filter that separates the microparticles of fine dust and air, and only lets in pure air for recirculation. This dust-free and 100% saturated air exits the sleeve filter and re-enters the cold circuit at a temperature of -10 to 15 ° C to be cooled and re-enter the Crystallization Tower and continue the process in a circuit of closed air
El polvo fino que cae del filtro de mangas es evacuado por otra válvula rotativa hacia la cinta transportadora que lo conduce a embolsado.  The fine dust that falls from the bag filter is evacuated by another rotary valve to the conveyor belt that leads to bagging.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES Habiendo así especialmente descrito y determinado la naturaleza de la presente invención y la forma como la misma ha de ser llevada a la práctica, se declara reivindicar como de propiedad y derecho exclusivo: CLAIMS Having thus specifically described and determined the nature of the present invention and the manner in which it is to be carried out, it is claimed to claim as exclusive property and right:
1. Proceso para la transformación en polvo de un aceite vegetal, preferentemente para su mezcla en alimentos balanceados para animales, estando el proceso caracterizado porque comprende los pasos de: 1. Process for the transformation into powder of a vegetable oil, preferably for its mixture in feed for animals, the process being characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
a) almacenar el aceite en un tanque en estado liquido  a) store the oil in a liquid tank
b) generar un liquido oleoso con punto de fusión elevado  b) generate an oily liquid with a high melting point
c) mezclar el aceite con ácidos grasos saturados  c) mix the oil with saturated fatty acids
d) agregar un componente no graso  d) add a non-fatty component
e) agitar la mezcla obtenida en d) dentro de un reactor  e) stir the mixture obtained in d) inside a reactor
f) conducir la mezcla del paso e) a una boquilla de atomización  f) lead the mixture from step e) to an atomization nozzle
g) inyectar la mezcla con una mezcla dinámica  g) inject the mixture with a dynamic mixture
h) inyectar aire comprimido a la mezcla produciendo un choque de partículas i) lograr la cristalización de la mezcla mediante el agregado de aire frió  h) inject compressed air into the mixture producing a particle shock i) achieve crystallization of the mixture by adding cold air
2. El proceso de acuerdo con a la reivindicación l , caracterizado porque adicionalmente al paso a), dependiendo de la composición química el aceite empleado, someter dicho aceite a una fuente de calor para llevarlo a fase liquida. 2. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that, in addition to step a), depending on the chemical composition of the oil used, subjecting said oil to a heat source to bring it into a liquid phase.
3. El proceso de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque en dicho paso b) el punto de fusión elevado es del orden de 15°C a 60 °C_y preferentemente mayor a 35°C. 3. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that in said step b) the high melting point is of the order of 15 ° C to 60 ° C_ and preferably greater than 35 ° C.
4. El proceso de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque en dicho paso d) el componente no graso es hidrato de carbono, una proteína, mezcla de ambas o lo similar y/o carbonato de calcio o similar. 4. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that in said step d) the non-fatty component is carbohydrate, a protein, mixture of both or the like and / or calcium carbonate or the like.
5. El proceso de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque en dicho paso c) los ácidos grasos saturados son de un alto punto de fusión. 5. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that in said step c) the saturated fatty acids are of a high melting point.
6. El proceso de acuerdo con la reivindicación 5, caracterizado porque dichos ácidos grasos son saturados y preferentemente de cadena media a larga como láurico, mirístico, palmítico y esteárico entre otros. 6. The process according to claim 5, characterized in that said fatty acids are saturated and preferably medium to long chain such as lauric, myristic, palmitic and stearic among others.
7. El proceso de acuerdo con la reivindicación 4, caracterizado porque en dicho paso el hidrato de carbono es uno de un grupo conformado por maltodextrina, almidón, azúcares, mezcla de los anteriores y lo similar. 7. The process according to claim 4, characterized in that in said step the carbohydrate is one of a group consisting of maltodextrin, starch, sugars, mixture of the above and the like.
8. El proceso de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque en dicho paso e) el reactor agita el contenido para su mezclado a una temperatura que lo mantenga líquido.  8. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that in said step e) the reactor agitates the contents for mixing at a temperature that keeps it liquid.
9. El proceso de acuerdo con la reivindicación 8, caracterizado porque dicha temperatura tiene que ser mayor al punto de fusión de la mezcla utilizada, preferentemente mayor que 40 °C. 9. The process according to claim 8, characterized in that said temperature has to be higher than the melting point of the mixture used, preferably greater than 40 ° C.
10. Un producto obtenido mediante el proceso de la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la mezcla oleosa empleada comprende aceite vegetal en un rango de 5-80% y ácidos grasos saturados en un rango de entre 20 a 95%. 10. A product obtained by the process of claim 1, characterized in that the oil mixture used comprises vegetable oil in a range of 5-80% and saturated fatty acids in a range of between 20 to 95%.
11. El producto de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizado porque el mismo comprende al menos entre 50 y 95% de la mezcla de la reivindicación 10, al menos entre 5 y 50% de maltodextrina y al menos de 0 a 5% de carbonato de calcio. 11. The product according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least between 50 and 95% of the mixture of claim 10, at least between 5 and 50% of maltodextrin and at least 0 to 5% of calcium carbonate.
PCT/PE2019/000005 2018-05-14 2019-05-14 Method for obtaining oils in powder form by changing from a liquid phase to a solid phase WO2019221615A1 (en)

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