WO2019218640A1 - Deep-water anchoring body and construction process therefor - Google Patents
Deep-water anchoring body and construction process therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019218640A1 WO2019218640A1 PCT/CN2018/118253 CN2018118253W WO2019218640A1 WO 2019218640 A1 WO2019218640 A1 WO 2019218640A1 CN 2018118253 W CN2018118253 W CN 2018118253W WO 2019218640 A1 WO2019218640 A1 WO 2019218640A1
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- grouting
- anchor
- slurry
- anchor body
- deep water
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
Definitions
- the invention relates to an underwater mooring device, in particular to a deep water anchoring body and a construction process thereof.
- a large number of offshore floating structures such as offshore oil and gas platforms, artificial islands, breakwaters, wind power platforms and oil storage systems are required. These floating structures need to be secured to a certain location by mooring during service.
- the four mooring devices commonly used in deep water areas include: tubular suction anchors, normal bearing anchors, suction penetrating plate anchors and dynamic penetration anchors.
- the construction process of the tubular suction anchor, the normal bearing anchor and the suction penetrating plate anchor is extremely complicated.
- the principle of the tubular suction anchor is to place the inverted cylinder on the seabed, and then the seawater in the bucket is drawn out to form a negative pressure, so that the tubular suction anchor gradually sinks into the seabed.
- the tubular suction anchor has complicated construction operation, consumes a large amount of steel, and has high cost.
- the normal bearing anchor belongs to the towed through-plate anchor, which is similar to the traditional towing anchor, the anchoring force is small, and the anchoring effect is unstable.
- suction penetrating plate anchor The principle of suction penetrating plate anchor is to penetrate the vertical anchor plate into the seabed by means of the barrel suction anchor, and then recover the tubular suction anchor, and finally rotate the angle of the vertical anchor plate to make it bear normal, the scheme overcomes the tube
- the type of suction anchor has a large amount of steel, but the installation process is more complicated.
- the dynamic penetration anchor is also called the torpedo anchor.
- the principle is that the dynamic penetration anchor is similar in shape to the torpedo and is released at a predetermined height on the seabed, depending on its own weight and the potential energy obtained during the free fall. Bed sediment.
- the construction of the dynamic penetration anchor is relatively simple, but the bearing ratio is very low, and the anchoring force can only reach about 5 times of the weight of the anchor body, which cannot meet the long-term anchoring needs of the large offshore floating structure.
- the weight of the anchor body is usually adopted.
- the length of the anchor body currently used is 20 meters, the diameter is 1 meter, and the weight exceeds 100 tons, which leads to a substantial increase in material cost and requires large barges for carrying and lifting.
- the traditional grouting method needs to first drill the eye through the drilling machine at the position of the planned grouting, and then seal the grout, which is difficult to implement in the deep sea.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a deep water anchoring body and a construction process thereof.
- the deep water anchoring body has a simple structure, solves the problem of high cost of the power penetration anchor and insufficient anchoring force, and the construction process is simple.
- a deep water anchoring body comprising an anchor body composed of a columnar member, a connecting member fixed at an upper end of the columnar member, and a head member fixed at a lower end of the columnar member, the anchor body being wrapped with an anchor body A grouting plate body tightly combined and buried in the seabed, and an anchor cable is disposed at an upper end of the connecting member of the anchor body.
- the upper end of the columnar member is provided with a slurry inlet for connecting with the grouting pipe, and the columnar member is provided with a slurry passage connected to the slurry inlet, and the column member is also provided with the slurry passage.
- a spout for connecting the slurry into the seabed to form a plug of the grouting plate is connected.
- the number of the slurry outlets is greater than one and is disposed on the side, the head, the side flaps or the tail of the anchor body.
- the side walls of the columnar member are circumferentially spaced apart from each other with a semicircular plate, a rectangular plate, a trapezoidal plate or a triangular plate; the head member is conical, arcuate or spherical.
- the anchor cable is a steel chain, a nylon rope, a steel strand, a composite rope, a steel chain-steel strand-steel chain three-section composite anchor cable or a steel chain-nylon rope-steel chain three-section composite anchor cable .
- the grouting plate body is a hardened cement mortar, cement slurry, concrete slurry, steel fiber concrete slurry or chemical adhesive.
- the surface of the columnar member is provided with ribs.
- a construction process of a deep water mooring body comprising the following steps:
- Grouting is carried out at the other end of the grouting pipe by a grouting system installed on a barge or a floating structure on the sea.
- the slurry is poured out from the tapping port of the anchor body through the grouting pipe, and is extruded or immersed in the surrounding sand layer. Or the soil layer, after the volume of the injected slurry reaches the design value, the grouting is stopped, the slurry solidifies itself or the surrounding sand body is bonded to form a grouting plate body, and the anchor body and the grouting plate body are integrated to form a deep water anchoring body.
- the grouting method of the grouting system is static pressure grouting, pulse grouting, high pressure jet grouting method, electric chemical grouting method, compact grouting method, sleeve valve tube static pressure grouting method or orientation Grouting method.
- a power advancing device or a vibrating sinking device is arranged at the tail of the anchor body, a drilling device is arranged at the head of the anchor body, or a slurry outlet is arranged at the periphery of the head member, and a high pressure water jet is injected before the grouting, Increase the penetration depth of the anchor body.
- the present invention has the following advantages: a device and a method for grouting without drilling operation are proposed, and the grouting pipe is brought into the seabed depth through the modified power penetration anchor. At the same time, after grouting, a huge grouting plate body is formed on the lower side of the seabed, which can provide great anchoring force.
- the purpose of traditional grouting is to reinforce the surrounding rock and soil. It is necessary to first drill the eye through the rig at the planned grouting position and then seal the grout. These operations are difficult to implement in the deep sea.
- the purpose of grouting in the present invention is to form a large load bearing structure in the seabed.
- the anchor body no longer relies on the weight of the anchor body to provide anchoring force, but mainly provides anchoring force through the grouting plate body.
- the weight of the anchor body is only one percent of the traditional anchor body, which greatly reduces the installation difficulty, and the overall bearing
- the force can reach dozens of times of the traditional anchor body, saving the cost of the anchor body material, and the slurry material cost is low and easy to transport, completely solving the problem that the traditional power penetration anchor bearing ratio is low.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a deep water anchoring body of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an anchor body without a side flap according to the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an anchor body of a side plate of a trapezoidal plate according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an anchor body of a side flap of a rectangular plate according to the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of an anchor body of a side panel of a semicircular plate according to the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the anchor body of the triangular plate of the present invention and the head member having a circular arc cap shape;
- Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of an anchor body having a spherical head member according to the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of an anchor body having a conical head member according to the present invention.
- Figure 9 is a schematic view 1 of the construction steps of the present invention.
- Figure 10 is a second schematic view of the construction steps of the present invention.
- Figure 11 is a third schematic view of the construction steps of the present invention.
- a deep water anchor body comprising an anchor body 30 composed of a columnar member 31, a connecting member 36 fixed to an upper end of the columnar member, and a head member 32 fixed at a lower end of the columnar member, the anchor body being wrapped with a tightly coupled body and A grouting plate body 40 buried in the seabed 1 is provided with an anchor cable 20 for connection to the fixed offshore floating structure 10 at the upper end of the connecting member of the anchor body.
- the upper end of the columnar member is provided with a slurry inlet 33 for connecting with the grouting pipe, and the columnar member is provided with a slurry passage 34 connected to the slurry inlet, and the columnar member is further provided with The slurry passages are connected for slurry injection into the seabed to form a slurry outlet 35 of the grouting plate body for grouting into the seabed through the slurry outlet.
- the number of the slurry outlets is greater than one, and may be distributed at any position of the anchor body (side, head, side wings, tail).
- the side walls of the columnar member are circumferentially spaced apart from the side plates 37 of the semicircular plate, the rectangular plate, the trapezoidal plate or the triangular plate, and the shape of the side wings is used to adjust the posture of the anchor body during the sinking process, and at the same time After grouting, the degree of bonding between the anchor body and the grouting plate body can be increased; the number of flanks is optimally 3-5, but it can also be 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6...n.
- the head member has a conical shape, a circular arc cap shape or a spherical shape.
- the anchor cable is a steel chain, a nylon rope, a steel strand, a composite material rope, a steel chain-steel strand-steel chain three-section composite anchor cable or a steel chain-nylon rope-steel chain three-stage composite Anchor cable.
- the grouting plate body is a hardened cement mortar, cement slurry, concrete slurry, steel fiber concrete slurry or chemical adhesive.
- cement mortar in addition, chemical slurry, binder, etc. can be selected, which can form the grouting board joint itself like the concrete grout, or can bond the surrounding gravel to form the knot body.
- a construction process of a deep water mooring body comprising the following steps:
- Grouting is carried out at the other end of the grouting pipe by a grouting system 51 disposed on a barge or a floating structure on the sea, and the slurry is poured out from the tapping port of the anchor body through the grouting pipe, extruded or immersed in the surrounding sand.
- Layer or soil layer after the volume of the injected slurry reaches the design value, the grouting is stopped, the slurry solidifies itself or the surrounding sand body is bonded to form a grouting plate body, and the anchor body and the grouting plate body are integrated into one body to form a deep water anchoring body.
- the grouting method of the grouting system is static pressure grouting, pulse grouting, high pressure jet grouting method, electric chemical grouting method, compact grouting method, sleeve valve tube static pressure grouting method Or directional grouting.
- the grouting pipe can be recycled as needed.
- a power advancing device or a vibration sinking device may be disposed at the tail of the anchor body, and a drilling device may be disposed at the head of the anchor body.
- a slurry opening can be provided at the periphery of the head member, and the penetration depth of the anchor body can be increased by injecting a high-pressure water jet before grouting.
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Abstract
A deep-water anchoring body, comprising an anchor body (30) consisting of a column-shaped component (31), a connection component (36) fixed at an upper end of the column-shaped component (31), and a head component (32) fixed at a bottom end of the column-shaped component (31); the anchor body (30) is externally wrapped in a grouting hardened body (40) that is tightly bound to the column-shaped component (31) and that is buried in the seabed, and a top end of the connection component (31) of the anchor body (30) is provided with an anchor cable (20) used for being connected to a fixed floating structure (10) in the ocean. Further provided is a construction process for a deep-water anchoring body.
Description
本发明涉及水下锚泊装置，尤其涉及一种深水锚泊体及其施工工艺。The invention relates to an underwater mooring device, in particular to a deep water anchoring body and a construction process thereof.
在开发海上资源的过程中需要建设大量的海上油气平台、人工岛、防波堤、风电平台和储油***等海上浮式结构。这些浮式结构在服役期间，需要通过锚泊装置将其固定在某个位置。在深水区常用的四种锚泊装置包括：筒式吸力锚、法向承载锚、吸力贯入式板状锚和动力贯入锚。In the process of developing marine resources, a large number of offshore floating structures such as offshore oil and gas platforms, artificial islands, breakwaters, wind power platforms and oil storage systems are required. These floating structures need to be secured to a certain location by mooring during service. The four mooring devices commonly used in deep water areas include: tubular suction anchors, normal bearing anchors, suction penetrating plate anchors and dynamic penetration anchors.
筒式吸力锚、法向承载锚、吸力贯入式板锚施工过程极其复杂。筒式吸力锚原理是将倒扣圆筒置于海床上，进而将桶内海水抽出形成负压，从而使筒式吸力锚逐渐沉贯到海床中。筒式吸力锚施工操作复杂，消耗大量钢材，成本较高。法向承载锚属于拖曳贯入式板锚，与传统的拖曳锚相似，锚固力较小，锚固效果不稳定。吸力贯入式板锚的原理是借助筒式吸力锚将竖向锚板贯入海床，然后回收筒式吸力锚，最后旋转竖向锚板的角度，使其法向承载，该方案克服了筒式吸力锚用钢量大的问题，但是安装工序更加复杂。The construction process of the tubular suction anchor, the normal bearing anchor and the suction penetrating plate anchor is extremely complicated. The principle of the tubular suction anchor is to place the inverted cylinder on the seabed, and then the seawater in the bucket is drawn out to form a negative pressure, so that the tubular suction anchor gradually sinks into the seabed. The tubular suction anchor has complicated construction operation, consumes a large amount of steel, and has high cost. The normal bearing anchor belongs to the towed through-plate anchor, which is similar to the traditional towing anchor, the anchoring force is small, and the anchoring effect is unstable. The principle of suction penetrating plate anchor is to penetrate the vertical anchor plate into the seabed by means of the barrel suction anchor, and then recover the tubular suction anchor, and finally rotate the angle of the vertical anchor plate to make it bear normal, the scheme overcomes the tube The type of suction anchor has a large amount of steel, but the installation process is more complicated.
动力贯入锚也称为鱼雷锚，其原理是：动力贯入锚的外形类似鱼雷，在海床上方的预定高度处将其释放，依赖其自身重量和自由下落期间获得的势能贯入到海床沉淀物中。动力贯入锚施工相对简单，但是承载比非常低，锚固力只能达到锚体重量的5倍左右，无法满足大型海上浮式结构长期锚泊的需要。为了增加其锚固力，通常采用加大锚体重量的方式，目前采用的锚体长度达到20米，直径1米，重量超过100吨，导致材料成本大幅提高，并且需要大型驳船进行运载和吊装。并且传统注浆方法需要首先通过钻机在计划注浆的位置钻眼，然后再封孔注浆，这些操作在深海中难以实施。The dynamic penetration anchor is also called the torpedo anchor. The principle is that the dynamic penetration anchor is similar in shape to the torpedo and is released at a predetermined height on the seabed, depending on its own weight and the potential energy obtained during the free fall. Bed sediment. The construction of the dynamic penetration anchor is relatively simple, but the bearing ratio is very low, and the anchoring force can only reach about 5 times of the weight of the anchor body, which cannot meet the long-term anchoring needs of the large offshore floating structure. In order to increase the anchoring force, the weight of the anchor body is usually adopted. The length of the anchor body currently used is 20 meters, the diameter is 1 meter, and the weight exceeds 100 tons, which leads to a substantial increase in material cost and requires large barges for carrying and lifting. And the traditional grouting method needs to first drill the eye through the drilling machine at the position of the planned grouting, and then seal the grout, which is difficult to implement in the deep sea.
虽有专利CN103648900B公开了一种可回收部分锚结构的锚组件，可降低部分材料成本。但是，这种锚组件水平截面积较小，在海床中处于不稳定状态，仅适合用于临时锚泊。
Although the patent CN103648900B discloses an anchor assembly that can recover a part of the anchor structure, part of the material cost can be reduced. However, such anchor assemblies have a small horizontal cross-sectional area and are unstable in the seabed and are only suitable for temporary anchoring.
本发明的目的在于提供一种深水锚泊体及其施工工艺，该深水锚泊体结构简单，解决了动力贯入锚成本高和锚固力不足的问题，同时施工工艺简便。The object of the present invention is to provide a deep water anchoring body and a construction process thereof. The deep water anchoring body has a simple structure, solves the problem of high cost of the power penetration anchor and insufficient anchoring force, and the construction process is simple.
本发明的技术方案在于：一种深水锚泊体，包括由柱状构件、固定在柱状构件上端的连接构件和固定在柱状构件下端的头部构件组成的锚体，所述锚体外包裹有与锚体紧密结合并埋在海床中的注浆板结体，所述锚体的连接构件上端设置有锚缆。The technical solution of the present invention resides in: a deep water anchoring body comprising an anchor body composed of a columnar member, a connecting member fixed at an upper end of the columnar member, and a head member fixed at a lower end of the columnar member, the anchor body being wrapped with an anchor body A grouting plate body tightly combined and buried in the seabed, and an anchor cable is disposed at an upper end of the connecting member of the anchor body.
进一步地，所述柱状构件的上端设置有用于与注浆管相连接的入浆口，柱状构件内设置有与入浆口相连接的过浆通道，柱状构件上还设置有与过浆通道相连接用于浆体注入到海床中形成注浆板结体的出浆口。Further, the upper end of the columnar member is provided with a slurry inlet for connecting with the grouting pipe, and the columnar member is provided with a slurry passage connected to the slurry inlet, and the column member is also provided with the slurry passage. A spout for connecting the slurry into the seabed to form a plug of the grouting plate is connected.
进一步地，所述出浆口的数目大于一个并设置于锚体的侧面、头部、侧翼或尾部。Further, the number of the slurry outlets is greater than one and is disposed on the side, the head, the side flaps or the tail of the anchor body.
进一步地，所述柱状构件的侧壁沿周向间隔设置有半圆板、矩形板、梯形板或三角形板的侧翼；所述头部构件为圆锥状、圆弧帽状或球状。Further, the side walls of the columnar member are circumferentially spaced apart from each other with a semicircular plate, a rectangular plate, a trapezoidal plate or a triangular plate; the head member is conical, arcuate or spherical.
进一步地，所述锚缆为钢链、尼龙绳、钢绞线、复合材料绳、钢链-钢绞线-钢链三段复合锚缆或钢链-尼龙绳-钢链三段复合锚缆。Further, the anchor cable is a steel chain, a nylon rope, a steel strand, a composite rope, a steel chain-steel strand-steel chain three-section composite anchor cable or a steel chain-nylon rope-steel chain three-section composite anchor cable .
进一步地，所述注浆板结体为硬化后的水泥砂浆、水泥浆、混凝土浆、钢纤维混凝土浆或化学粘胶剂。Further, the grouting plate body is a hardened cement mortar, cement slurry, concrete slurry, steel fiber concrete slurry or chemical adhesive.
进一步地，所述柱状构件的表面设置有肋纹。Further, the surface of the columnar member is provided with ribs.
一种深水锚泊体的施工工艺，包括以下步骤：A construction process of a deep water mooring body, comprising the following steps:
1）将锚体与锚缆的一端、注浆管的一端相连，锚缆的另一端与驳船或者需要固定的海上浮式结构相连，注浆管的另一端与注浆***相连；1) connecting the anchor body to one end of the anchor cable and one end of the grouting pipe, and the other end of the anchor cable is connected with the barge or the floating floating structure to be fixed, and the other end of the grouting pipe is connected with the grouting system;
2）通过设置于驳船或海上浮式结构上的吊装***将锚体置于计划安装锚泊基础的海床上侧并释放锚体，锚体连同锚缆的一端和注浆管的一端一同贯入海床；2) Place the anchor body on the side of the seabed where the anchoring foundation is planned to be installed and release the anchor body through a hoisting system installed on the barge or the floating structure on the sea. The anchor body, together with one end of the anchor cable and one end of the grouting pipe, penetrates into the seabed. ;
3）通过设置于驳船或海上浮式结构上的注浆***在注浆管的另一端进行注浆，浆体通过注浆管从锚体的出浆口涌出，挤压或浸入周围砂层或土层，注入浆体的体积达到设计值后，停止注浆，浆液自身固化或者粘结周围砂体板结形成注浆板结体，锚体与注浆板结体结合成一体，形成深水锚泊体。3) Grouting is carried out at the other end of the grouting pipe by a grouting system installed on a barge or a floating structure on the sea. The slurry is poured out from the tapping port of the anchor body through the grouting pipe, and is extruded or immersed in the surrounding sand layer. Or the soil layer, after the volume of the injected slurry reaches the design value, the grouting is stopped, the slurry solidifies itself or the surrounding sand body is bonded to form a grouting plate body, and the anchor body and the grouting plate body are integrated to form a deep water anchoring body.
进一步地，所述注浆***的注浆方法为静压注浆、脉冲注浆、高压喷射注浆法、电动化学注浆法、压密注浆法、袖阀管静压注浆法或定向注浆法。Further, the grouting method of the grouting system is static pressure grouting, pulse grouting, high pressure jet grouting method, electric chemical grouting method, compact grouting method, sleeve valve tube static pressure grouting method or orientation Grouting method.
进一步地，在锚体尾部设置动力前进装置或震动下沉装置、锚体的头部设置钻进装置，或在头部构件周部设置出浆口，在注浆前，通过注入高压水射流，增加锚体贯入深度。Further, a power advancing device or a vibrating sinking device is arranged at the tail of the anchor body, a drilling device is arranged at the head of the anchor body, or a slurry outlet is arranged at the periphery of the head member, and a high pressure water jet is injected before the grouting, Increase the penetration depth of the anchor body.
与现有技术相比较，本发明具有以下优点：提出了一种不需要钻孔作业，即可进行注浆的装置和方法，通过改造后的动力贯入锚将注浆管带入海床深处，注浆后在海床下侧形成巨大的注浆板结体，可提供极大的锚固力。传统注浆的目的在于加固周围岩土体，需要首先通过钻机在计划注浆的位置钻眼，然后再封孔注浆，这些操作在深海中难以实施。本发明中注浆的目的在于形成一个处于海床中的大型承载结构。锚泊体不再依赖锚体自身重量来提供锚固力，而是主要通过注浆板结体提供锚固力，锚体重量只有传统锚体的百分之一，这样极大降低了安装难度，而整体承载力却能达到传统锚体的几十倍，节省了锚体材料成本，而浆体材料成本低且易于运输，彻底解决了传统动力贯入锚承载比低的难题。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: a device and a method for grouting without drilling operation are proposed, and the grouting pipe is brought into the seabed depth through the modified power penetration anchor. At the same time, after grouting, a huge grouting plate body is formed on the lower side of the seabed, which can provide great anchoring force. The purpose of traditional grouting is to reinforce the surrounding rock and soil. It is necessary to first drill the eye through the rig at the planned grouting position and then seal the grout. These operations are difficult to implement in the deep sea. The purpose of grouting in the present invention is to form a large load bearing structure in the seabed. The anchor body no longer relies on the weight of the anchor body to provide anchoring force, but mainly provides anchoring force through the grouting plate body. The weight of the anchor body is only one percent of the traditional anchor body, which greatly reduces the installation difficulty, and the overall bearing The force can reach dozens of times of the traditional anchor body, saving the cost of the anchor body material, and the slurry material cost is low and easy to transport, completely solving the problem that the traditional power penetration anchor bearing ratio is low.
图1为本发明的深水锚泊体的结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a deep water anchoring body of the present invention;
图2为本发明不含侧翼的锚体结构示意图；2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an anchor body without a side flap according to the present invention;
图3为本发明梯形板侧翼的锚体结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural view of an anchor body of a side plate of a trapezoidal plate according to the present invention;
图4为本发明矩形板侧翼的锚体结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural view of an anchor body of a side flap of a rectangular plate according to the present invention;
图5为本发明半圆板侧翼的锚体结构示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of an anchor body of a side panel of a semicircular plate according to the present invention;
图6为本发明三角形板侧翼且头部构件为圆弧帽状的锚体结构示意图；Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the anchor body of the triangular plate of the present invention and the head member having a circular arc cap shape;
图7为本发明头部构件为球状的锚体结构示意图；Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of an anchor body having a spherical head member according to the present invention;
图8为本发明头部构件为圆锥状的锚体结构示意图；Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of an anchor body having a conical head member according to the present invention;
图9为本发明施工步骤示意图一；Figure 9 is a schematic view 1 of the construction steps of the present invention;
图10为本发明施工步骤示意图二；Figure 10 is a second schematic view of the construction steps of the present invention;
图11为本发明施工步骤示意图三。Figure 11 is a third schematic view of the construction steps of the present invention.
为让本发明的上述特征和优点能更明显易懂，下文特举实施例，并配合附图，作详细说明如下，但本发明并不限于此。The above described features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the invention.
参考图1至图11Refer to Figures 1 to 11
一种深水锚泊体，包括由柱状构件31、固定在柱状构件上端的连接构件36和固定在柱状构件下端的头部构件32组成的锚体30，所述锚体外包裹有与锚体紧密结合并埋在海床1中的注浆板结体40，所述锚体的连接构件上端设置有用于与固定的海上浮式结构10相连接的锚缆20。A deep water anchor body comprising an anchor body 30 composed of a columnar member 31, a connecting member 36 fixed to an upper end of the columnar member, and a head member 32 fixed at a lower end of the columnar member, the anchor body being wrapped with a tightly coupled body and A grouting plate body 40 buried in the seabed 1 is provided with an anchor cable 20 for connection to the fixed offshore floating structure 10 at the upper end of the connecting member of the anchor body.
本实施例中，所述柱状构件的上端设置有用于与注浆管相连接的入浆口33，柱状构件内设置有与入浆口相连接的过浆通道34，柱状构件上还设置有与过浆通道相连接用于浆体注入到海床中形成注浆板结体的出浆口35，以便通过出浆口向海床内注浆。In this embodiment, the upper end of the columnar member is provided with a slurry inlet 33 for connecting with the grouting pipe, and the columnar member is provided with a slurry passage 34 connected to the slurry inlet, and the columnar member is further provided with The slurry passages are connected for slurry injection into the seabed to form a slurry outlet 35 of the grouting plate body for grouting into the seabed through the slurry outlet.
本实施例中，所述出浆口的数目大于一个，可以分布在锚体的任意位置（侧面、头部、侧翼、尾部）。In this embodiment, the number of the slurry outlets is greater than one, and may be distributed at any position of the anchor body (side, head, side wings, tail).
本实施例中，所述柱状构件的侧壁沿周向间隔设置有半圆板、矩形板、梯形板或三角形板的侧翼37，侧翼的形状用于调整锚体在下沉过程中的姿势，同时在注浆之后可以增加锚体和注浆板结体之间结合的牢固程度；侧翼数量最优为3-5个，但也可以是0、2、3、4、5、6……n个。In this embodiment, the side walls of the columnar member are circumferentially spaced apart from the side plates 37 of the semicircular plate, the rectangular plate, the trapezoidal plate or the triangular plate, and the shape of the side wings is used to adjust the posture of the anchor body during the sinking process, and at the same time After grouting, the degree of bonding between the anchor body and the grouting plate body can be increased; the number of flanks is optimally 3-5, but it can also be 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6...n.
本实施例中，所述头部构件为圆锥状、圆弧帽状或球状。In this embodiment, the head member has a conical shape, a circular arc cap shape or a spherical shape.
本实施例中，所述锚缆为钢链、尼龙绳、钢绞线、复合材料绳、钢链-钢绞线-钢链三段复合锚缆或钢链-尼龙绳-钢链三段复合锚缆。In this embodiment, the anchor cable is a steel chain, a nylon rope, a steel strand, a composite material rope, a steel chain-steel strand-steel chain three-section composite anchor cable or a steel chain-nylon rope-steel chain three-stage composite Anchor cable.
本实施例中，所述注浆板结体为硬化后的水泥砂浆、水泥浆、混凝土浆、钢纤维混凝土浆或化学粘胶剂。最优选择为水泥砂浆；另外还可以选择化学浆液、粘结剂等，既能跟混凝土浆一样自身形成注浆板结体，也可以粘结周围砂砾形成板结体。In this embodiment, the grouting plate body is a hardened cement mortar, cement slurry, concrete slurry, steel fiber concrete slurry or chemical adhesive. The best choice is cement mortar; in addition, chemical slurry, binder, etc. can be selected, which can form the grouting board joint itself like the concrete grout, or can bond the surrounding gravel to form the knot body.
本实施例中，还可以在柱状构件的表面设置肋纹，可增加锚体和注浆板结体的之间结合的牢固程度。In this embodiment, it is also possible to provide ribs on the surface of the columnar member, which can increase the firmness of the bond between the anchor body and the grouting plate body.
一种深水锚泊体的施工工艺，包括以下步骤：A construction process of a deep water mooring body, comprising the following steps:
1）将锚体与锚缆的一端、注浆管的一端相连，锚缆的另一端与驳船50或者需要固定的海上浮式结构相连，注浆管的另一端与注浆***相连；1) connecting the anchor body with one end of the anchor cable and one end of the grouting pipe, and the other end of the anchor cable is connected with the barge 50 or the floating floating structure that needs to be fixed, and the other end of the grouting pipe is connected with the grouting system;
2）通过设置于驳船50或海上浮式结构上的吊装***将52经缆绳和释放装置53将锚体置于计划安装锚泊基础的海床上侧并释放锚体，锚体连同锚缆的一端和注浆管的一端一同贯入海床；2) placing the anchor body on the side of the seabed where the anchoring base is planned to be installed via the cable and release device 53 via the cable and release device 53 and releasing the anchor body, together with the anchor body and one end of the anchor cable, via a lifting system disposed on the barge 50 or the offshore floating structure 53 One end of the grouting pipe penetrates into the seabed together;
3）通过设置于驳船或海上浮式结构上的注浆***51在注浆管的另一端进行注浆，浆体通过注浆管从锚体的出浆口涌出，挤压或浸入周围砂层或土层，注入浆体的体积达到设计值后，停止注浆，浆液自身固化或者粘结周围砂体板结形成注浆板结体，锚体与注浆板结体结合成一体，形成深水锚泊体。3) Grouting is carried out at the other end of the grouting pipe by a grouting system 51 disposed on a barge or a floating structure on the sea, and the slurry is poured out from the tapping port of the anchor body through the grouting pipe, extruded or immersed in the surrounding sand. Layer or soil layer, after the volume of the injected slurry reaches the design value, the grouting is stopped, the slurry solidifies itself or the surrounding sand body is bonded to form a grouting plate body, and the anchor body and the grouting plate body are integrated into one body to form a deep water anchoring body. .
本实施例中，所述注浆***的注浆方法为静压注浆、脉冲注浆、高压喷射注浆法、电动化学注浆法、压密注浆法、袖阀管静压注浆法或定向注浆法。根据需要可回收注浆管。In this embodiment, the grouting method of the grouting system is static pressure grouting, pulse grouting, high pressure jet grouting method, electric chemical grouting method, compact grouting method, sleeve valve tube static pressure grouting method Or directional grouting. The grouting pipe can be recycled as needed.
本实施例中，为了增加锚体贯入海床的深度，可在锚体尾部设置动力前进装置或震动下沉装置、锚体的头部设置钻进装置。另外还可以在头部构件周部设置出浆口，在注浆前，通过注入高压水射流，增加锚体贯入深度。In this embodiment, in order to increase the depth of the anchor body into the seabed, a power advancing device or a vibration sinking device may be disposed at the tail of the anchor body, and a drilling device may be disposed at the head of the anchor body. In addition, a slurry opening can be provided at the periphery of the head member, and the penetration depth of the anchor body can be increased by injecting a high-pressure water jet before grouting.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，根据本发明的教导，设计出不同形式的深水锚泊体及其施工工艺并不需要创造性的劳动，在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化、修改、替换和变型，皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, according to the teachings of the present invention, different forms of deep water anchoring bodies and their construction processes are not required to be creatively labored. Equivalent changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- 一种深水锚泊体，其特征在于，包括由柱状构件、固定在柱状构件上端的连接构件和固定在柱状构件下端的头部构件组成的锚体，所述锚体外包裹有与锚体紧密结合并埋在海床中的注浆板结体，所述锚体的连接构件上端设置有锚缆。A deep water anchoring body characterized by comprising an anchor body composed of a columnar member, a connecting member fixed at an upper end of the columnar member, and a head member fixed at a lower end of the columnar member, the anchor body being wrapped with a tightly coupled body and A grouting plate body buried in a seabed, and an anchor cable is disposed at an upper end of the connecting member of the anchor body.
- 根据权利要求1所述的深水锚泊体，其特征在于，所述柱状构件的上端设置有用于与注浆管相连接的入浆口，柱状构件内设置有与入浆口相连接的过浆通道，柱状构件上还设置有与过浆通道相连接用于浆体注入到海床中形成注浆板结体的出浆口。The deep water anchoring body according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the columnar member is provided with a slurry inlet for connecting with the grouting pipe, and the columnar member is provided with a slurry passage connected to the slurry inlet. The columnar member is further provided with a slurry outlet connected to the slurry passage for injecting the slurry into the seabed to form a joint of the grouting board.
- 根据权利要求2所述的深水锚泊体，其特征在于，所述出浆口的数目大于一个并设置于锚体的侧面、头部、侧翼或尾部。The deepwater mooring body according to claim 2, wherein the number of the slurry outlets is greater than one and is disposed on a side, a head, a side flap or a tail of the anchor body.
- 根据权利要求1、2或3所述的深水锚泊体，其特征在于，所述柱状构件的侧壁沿周向间隔设置有半圆板、矩形板、梯形板或三角形板的侧翼；所述头部构件为圆锥状、圆弧帽状或球状。The deep water anchoring body according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the side walls of the columnar member are circumferentially spaced apart from each other with a semicircular plate, a rectangular plate, a trapezoidal plate or a flank of a triangular plate; The member is conical, arcuate or spherical.
- 根据权利要求1、2或3所述的深水锚泊体，其特征在于，所述锚缆为钢链、尼龙绳、钢绞线、复合材料绳、钢链-钢绞线-钢链三段复合锚缆或钢链-尼龙绳-钢链三段复合锚缆。The deep water anchoring body according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the anchor cable is a steel chain, a nylon rope, a steel strand, a composite rope, a steel chain-steel strand-steel chain three-stage composite Anchor cable or steel chain - nylon rope - steel chain three-section composite anchor cable.
- 根据权利要求1、2或3所述的深水锚泊体，其特征在于，所述注浆板结体为硬化后的水泥砂浆、水泥浆、混凝土浆、钢纤维混凝土浆或化学粘胶剂。The deep water anchoring body according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the grouting plate body is a hardened cement mortar, cement slurry, concrete slurry, steel fiber concrete slurry or chemical adhesive.
- 根据权利要求1、2或3所述的深水锚泊体，其特征在于，所述柱状构件的表面设置有肋纹。The deep water anchoring body according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the surface of the columnar member is provided with ribs.
- 一种应用于权利要求2所述的深水锚泊体的施工工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A construction process for applying the deep water anchor body according to claim 2, comprising the steps of:1）将锚体与锚缆的一端、注浆管的一端相连，锚缆的另一端与驳船或者需要固定的海上浮式结构相连，注浆管的另一端与注浆***相连；1) connecting the anchor body to one end of the anchor cable and one end of the grouting pipe, and the other end of the anchor cable is connected with the barge or the floating floating structure to be fixed, and the other end of the grouting pipe is connected with the grouting system;2）通过设置于驳船或海上浮式结构上的吊装***将锚体置于计划安装锚泊基础的海床上侧并释放锚体，锚体连同锚缆的一端和注浆管的一端一同贯入海床；2) Place the anchor body on the side of the seabed where the anchoring foundation is planned to be installed and release the anchor body through a hoisting system installed on the barge or the floating structure on the sea. The anchor body, together with one end of the anchor cable and one end of the grouting pipe, penetrates into the seabed. ;3）通过设置于驳船或海上浮式结构上的注浆***在注浆管的另一端进行注浆，浆体通过注浆管从锚体的出浆口涌出，挤压或浸入周围砂层或土层，注入浆体的体积达到设计值后，停止注浆，浆液自身固化或者粘结周围砂体板结形成注浆板结体，锚体与注浆板结体结合成一体，形成深水锚泊体。3) Grouting is carried out at the other end of the grouting pipe by a grouting system installed on a barge or a floating structure on the sea. The slurry is poured out from the tapping port of the anchor body through the grouting pipe, and is extruded or immersed in the surrounding sand layer. Or the soil layer, after the volume of the injected slurry reaches the design value, the grouting is stopped, the slurry solidifies itself or the surrounding sand body is bonded to form a grouting plate body, and the anchor body and the grouting plate body are integrated to form a deep water anchoring body.
- 根据权利要求8所述的深水锚泊体的施工工艺，其特征在于，所述注浆***的注浆方法为静压注浆、脉冲注浆、高压喷射注浆法、电动化学注浆法、压密注浆法、袖阀管静压注浆法或定向注浆法。The construction process of the deep water mooring body according to claim 8, wherein the grouting method of the grouting system is static pressure grouting, pulse grouting, high pressure jet grouting method, electric chemical grouting method, pressure Close grouting method, sleeve valve tube static pressure grouting method or directional grouting method.
- 根据权利要求8所述的深水锚泊体的施工工艺，其特征在于，在锚体尾部设置动力前进装置或震动下沉装置、锚体的头部设置钻进装置，或在头部构件周部设置出浆口，在注浆前，通过注入高压水射流，增加锚体贯入深度。The construction process of a deepwater mooring body according to claim 8, wherein a power advancing device or a vibrating sinking device is provided at a tail portion of the anchor body, a drilling device is provided at a head portion of the anchor body, or a peripheral portion of the head member is disposed. At the sluice port, before the grouting, the penetration depth of the anchor body is increased by injecting a high-pressure water jet.
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| CN108677986A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-10-19 | 福州大学 | Technology of Deepwater Mooring System body and its construction technology |
| CN111042190A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-04-21 | 合肥学院 | Torpedo anchor foundation containing grouting plate knot body and construction method thereof |
| CN111021401B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-25 | 合肥学院 | Extensible grouting type anchoring foundation and construction method thereof |
| CN110952589A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-03 | 浙江大学 | Gravity type caisson foundation installed by injecting high-pressure water into mud through anchor teeth |
| CN113863361B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-07-25 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Underwater spiral anchor foundation, construction equipment and anchoring method |
| CN113859438A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2021-12-31 | 福州大学 | Deepwater grouting anchor and construction method |
| CN114194332B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-11-18 | 浙江大学 | Power injection type umbrella-shaped mooring foundation |
| CN114572346B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2024-01-19 | 镇江集智船舶科技有限公司 | Ship anchoring device and application method thereof |
| CN115367050B (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-01-24 | 中国海洋大学 | Submarine torpedo anchor body and grouting reinforcement method thereof |
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