WO2019205362A1 - Aluminum alloy electrical pulse quenching forming process and device - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy electrical pulse quenching forming process and device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019205362A1 WO2019205362A1 PCT/CN2018/101503 CN2018101503W WO2019205362A1 WO 2019205362 A1 WO2019205362 A1 WO 2019205362A1 CN 2018101503 W CN2018101503 W CN 2018101503W WO 2019205362 A1 WO2019205362 A1 WO 2019205362A1
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- aluminum alloy
- electric pulse
- alloy sheet
- brush
- forming process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
- B21D43/003—Positioning devices
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the process of stamping and heat treatment of aluminum alloy sheet material, in particular to a new quenching forming process and device for electric pulse of aluminum alloy.
- aluminum alloy Compared with other metal materials, aluminum alloy has the advantages of low density, close to 2.7g/cm 3 , high specific strength, specific stiffness, high specific modulus, good thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, plastic processing properties and impact resistance. It is widely used in aviation, aerospace, shipbuilding, transportation and other fields.
- Aluminum alloys are the most important structural materials on aircraft, such as fuselage skins, beams, ribs, purlins, bulkheads and landing gear. In the latest civil aircraft, the amount of aluminum alloy accounts for 70% to 80%, and the amount of military use is 40% to 60%. In the aerospace field, aluminum alloy is still the main structural material of spacecraft such as launch vehicles, spacecrafts, space stations, etc. It is also one of the important structural materials for missile systems such as missiles. Aluminum alloy can replace steel in ships and reduce the weight of components by more than 50%. It plays an important role in high-end metal materials in marine engineering equipment industry. Aluminum alloy is the most ideal material for the modern transportation industry. It is used in rail vehicles, automobiles, armored vehicles and tanks. The application of aluminum alloy can achieve the most effective weight reduction, which can greatly reduce the weight of the body, thereby achieving energy saving and emission reduction, and the aluminum alloy material can be recycled and reused, thereby reducing environmental damage and waste of resources.
- Aluminum alloy has so many advantages, it is poorly formed at room temperature with respect to steel, and its elongation is low. The modulus of elasticity is only about one-half of that of steel sheet, so the rebound phenomenon of aluminum alloy formed parts is more serious. Only by improving the forming properties of aluminum alloys can we produce more accurate products. The existing aluminum alloy warm and hot forming method can improve the forming property of the material during the forming process, but there are still some problems that are difficult to solve, such as: grain growth and abnormality after heat treatment will affect the mechanical properties of the product, energy consumption Too high, low productivity and many other issues. Aluminum alloys are divided into two categories: deformable aluminum alloys and cast aluminum alloys. In practical applications, they are mainly made of deformable aluminum alloys.
- the heat-treated reinforced aluminum alloy stamped and formed parts after heat treatment, aging treatment, and processing, can meet the functional requirements of the product.
- the thinned part will be warped and deformed due to thermal expansion and contraction, which will seriously affect the final size and shape accuracy of the formed part, and some of the more complicated parts will crack. Therefore, the formation process of an aluminum alloy product which not only improves the forming performance but also reduces the cost, and can accurately form and maintain high strength is explored, and plays an important role in the production and application of the aluminum alloy in the production manufacturing industry.
- the present invention provides an aluminum alloy electric pulse new quenching forming process and apparatus, which can improve the use performance of the heat treatable aluminum alloy stamping product, and can ensure the accurate forming of the stamping product, and greatly reduce the shape after forming.
- the warpage deformation reduces the amount of manual knocking work, shortens the production cycle, and saves costs.
- the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
- An electric pulse new quenching forming process for aluminum alloy wherein an aluminum alloy sheet material is placed into an electric pulse auxiliary forming device for stamping forming in a newly quenched state; the electric pulse auxiliary forming device comprises a punch, a die, and an AC power source.
- the anode and the cathode of the alternating current power source are respectively connected to the anode brush and the cathode brush, and the brush contacts of the anode brush and the cathode brush respectively contact the aluminum alloy sheet.
- the method comprises the following steps:
- Step 1 heating the aluminum alloy sheet to a solution temperature and maintaining the temperature
- Step 2 Aligning the aluminum alloy sheet
- Step 3 Perform constant temperature cooling storage on the aluminum alloy sheet after the calibration
- Step 4 aging treatment of the aluminum alloy sheet after constant temperature cooling storage
- Step 5 The aluminum alloy sheet is placed in an electric pulse assisted forming device for press forming and holding.
- the aluminum alloy sheet is a 2XXX series, a 6XXX series or a 7XXX series.
- the temperature of the constant temperature cooling storage is -15 ° C, and the longest storage time is 7 days and nights.
- the time for moving the aluminum alloy sheet into the electric pulse auxiliary forming device and connecting the power source is 5-20 seconds.
- the threshold value of the current density of the electric pulse auxiliary forming device is 7.4-11.4 A/mm 2 .
- the pressure holding time is 5-10 min.
- the aluminum alloy sheet is heated by electric pulse heating.
- An electric pulse auxiliary forming device comprises a machine tool, a punch, a die, an aluminum alloy sheet, a crimping ring disposed above the aluminum alloy sheet, a machine tool connecting the punch, and an AC power source, wherein the AC power source is positive
- the anode is connected to the anode brush and the cathode brush respectively;
- the pressure ring is provided with two through holes, the two through holes are respectively located on the left and right sides of the aluminum alloy sheet, and the two through holes are respectively
- An anode brush and a cathode brush are installed, and the brush contacts of the anode brush and the cathode brush respectively contact the aluminum alloy sheet;
- Wire passages are respectively provided for passing the wires between the anode brush and the AC power source, the cathode brush and the AC power source;
- the punch is insulated from the machine tool, and the bea
- the sheet material is pressed during the forming process, although the pressing ring is fixed to the sheet material, but the pressed portion of the sheet material is pressed. It will still move with the formation, and it is not guaranteed that the wire and the sheet are always in contact with each other and the power is good.
- the device can effectively solve the problem;
- a wire passage is formed between the side wall of the through hole and the outer side wall of the binder ring, and the power source is connected to the brush through the wire passage. While ensuring the insulation and safe production of the non-energized part, it can ensure that the electric pulse assisted forming is not affected when the blank holder force is applied.
- the aluminum alloy sheet is heated to the solution temperature by electric pulse self-heating, without using conventional heating equipment, such as electric furnace.
- 1 is a flow chart of a new quenching process for an electric pulse of an aluminum alloy
- Figure 2 is a schematic view of an electric pulse assisted forming device
- the label 1, punch; 2, die; 3, aluminum alloy sheet; 4, crimping ring; 5, anode brush; 6, cathode brush; 7, AC power; 8, wire channel.
- the aluminum alloy electric pulse new quenching forming process comprises the following steps:
- (1) preparing a heat treatable aluminum alloy sheet processing a heat treatable aluminum alloy into a blank test piece of a designed shape by punching, wire cutting, water cutting or laser cutting, and performing trimming treatment; said aluminum
- the alloy sheet is 2XXX series, 6XXX series or 7XXX series;
- the aluminum alloy sheet is heated to the solution temperature and kept warm: the aluminum alloy sheet is heated to a solution temperature of 420-540 ° C, and kept for 20-60 minutes.
- the aluminum alloy forms a supersaturated solid solution, thereby obtaining a single metal structure;
- the alloying elements are diffused and uniformly diffused into the aluminum matrix to form a uniform high-temperature supersaturated solid solution;
- Constant temperature cooling storage The test piece after the calibration is placed in the refrigerator at a low temperature of -15 ° C and stored at a constant temperature. The actual time allowed for refrigeration in the production is about 7 days and nights;
- the above steps allow the aluminum alloy sheet to be newly quenched.
- Electric pulse assisted forming is mainly the result of the combined action of pure electroplastic effect and Joule heating effect, which can improve the plasticity of the heat treatable reinforced aluminum alloy.
- electric pulse-assisted drawing can be deepened at a lower temperature.
- the heat-treated reinforced aluminum alloy can dynamically recrystallize at a lower temperature, effectively solving the cracking problem.
- electric pulse assisted forming can reduce the bending force and reduce the amount of rebound.
- the yield strength and tensile strength of the aluminum alloy specimens after electric pulse assisted forming are greatly reduced, while the section shrinkage and elongation are significantly increased, and the deformation resistance of the heat treatable aluminum alloy is lowered, and the plasticity is improved.
- the electric pulse auxiliary forming device comprises a machine tool, a punch 1, a die 2, an aluminum alloy sheet 3, a bead ring 4 disposed above the aluminum alloy sheet 3, and the bead ring 4 is provided.
- the brush contacts of the brush 6 are respectively in contact with the surface of the aluminum alloy sheet 3, and the other ends are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the alternating current power source 7.
- Electric pulse assisted forming not only ensures that the aluminum alloy sheet material 3 is energized, but also makes the whole set of equipment in a safe state for production, so that only the aluminum alloy sheet material 3 is connected to the alternating current, so for the punch 1 and the machine tool, the crimping
- the ring 4 and the aluminum alloy sheet 3, the concave mold 2 and the aluminum alloy sheet 3 are insulated.
- the punch 1 is insulated from the machine tool: a layer of bakelite is applied to the punch 1 and the machine tool to fix the punch 1 , the connected bolts are insulated (can be coated with a layer of bakelite powder) or insulated bolts are applied.
- the bead ring 4 is insulated from the aluminum alloy sheet 3: a film is placed over the edge of the aluminum alloy sheet 3 for insulation.
- the die 2 is insulated from the aluminum alloy sheet 3: a film is placed over the edge of the aluminum alloy sheet 3 for insulation.
- the two brush contacts are always in contact with the aluminum alloy sheet 3, and the other ends of the two brushes are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the alternating current power source 7. During the heating and forming process of the aluminum alloy sheet 3, the aluminum alloy sheet 3 is always kept passing current.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- 一种铝合金电脉冲新淬火成形工艺,其特征在于,在新淬火状态下将铝合金板料放入电脉冲辅助成形装置进行冲压成形;所述电脉冲辅助成形装置包括凸模、凹模、交流电源,所述交流电源的正负极分别连接阳极电刷、阴极电刷,所述阳极电刷、阴极电刷的电刷触头分别接触所述铝合金板料。An electric pulse new quenching forming process for aluminum alloy, characterized in that in an newly quenched state, an aluminum alloy sheet is placed in an electric pulse auxiliary forming device for press forming; the electric pulse auxiliary forming device comprises a punch, a die, The alternating current source, the positive and negative electrodes of the alternating current power source are respectively connected to the anode brush and the cathode brush, and the brush contacts of the anode brush and the cathode brush respectively contact the aluminum alloy sheet.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种铝合金电脉冲新淬火成形工艺,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:The aluminum alloy electric pulse new quenching forming process according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:步骤1:将铝合金板料加热到固溶温度并保温;Step 1: heating the aluminum alloy sheet to a solution temperature and maintaining the temperature;步骤2:对铝合金板料进行校形;Step 2: Aligning the aluminum alloy sheet;步骤3:对校形后的铝合金板料进行恒温冷却储藏;Step 3: Perform constant temperature cooling storage on the aluminum alloy sheet after the calibration;步骤4:对恒温冷却储藏后的铝合金板料进行时效处理;Step 4: aging treatment of the aluminum alloy sheet after constant temperature cooling storage;步骤5:将铝合金板料放入电脉冲辅助成形装置中进行冲压成形并保压。Step 5: The aluminum alloy sheet is placed in an electric pulse assisted forming device for press forming and holding.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种铝合金电脉冲新淬火成形工艺,其特征在于,步骤1中,所述铝合金板料为2XXX系、6XXX系或7XXX系。The aluminum alloy electric pulse new quenching forming process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the aluminum alloy sheet material is a 2XXX series, a 6XXX series or a 7XXX series.
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种铝合金电脉冲新淬火成形工艺,其特征在于,步骤4中,所述恒温冷却储藏的温度为-15℃,最长储藏时间为7昼夜。The aluminum alloy electric pulse new quenching forming process according to claim 2, wherein in the step 4, the temperature of the constant temperature cooling storage is -15 ° C, and the longest storage time is 7 days and nights.
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种铝合金电脉冲新淬火成形工艺,其特征在于,步骤5中,将铝合金板料移入电脉冲辅助成形装置并连接好电源的时间为5-20秒。The aluminum alloy electric pulse new quenching forming process according to claim 2, wherein in step 5, the time for moving the aluminum alloy sheet into the electric pulse auxiliary forming device and connecting the power source is 5-20 seconds.
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种铝合金电脉冲新淬火成形工艺,其特征在于,步骤5中,所述电脉冲辅助成形装置的电流密度的阈值为7.4-11.4A/mm 2。 The aluminum alloy electric pulse new quenching forming process according to claim 2, wherein in step 5, the current density of the electric pulse auxiliary forming device has a threshold value of 7.4-11.4 A/mm 2 .
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种铝合金电脉冲新淬火成形工艺,其特征在于,步骤1中,所述铝合金板料加热的方式为电脉冲加热。The aluminum alloy electric pulse new quenching forming process according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1, the aluminum alloy sheet is heated by electric pulse heating.
- 一种铝合金电脉冲辅助成形装置,包括机床、凸模、凹模、铝合金板料、设置于铝合金板料上方的压边圈,机床连接凸模,其特征在于,还包括交流电源,所述交流电源的正负极分别连接阳极电刷、阴极电刷;所述压边圈上设有两个通孔,所述两个通孔分别位于铝合金板料的左右两侧,所述两个通孔内分别安装阳极电刷、阴极电刷,所述阳极电刷、阴极电刷的电刷触头分别接触铝合金板料;左右两侧的通孔的侧壁与压边圈的左右两侧的外壁之间分别开设有导线通道,分别用以通过阳极电刷与交流电源、阴极电刷与交流电源之间的导线;所述凸模与机床绝缘,压边圈与铝合金板料绝缘,凹模与铝合金板料绝缘。An aluminum alloy electric pulse auxiliary forming device comprises a machine tool, a punch mold, a concave mold, an aluminum alloy sheet material, a bead ring disposed above the aluminum alloy sheet material, and a machine tool connecting the punch mold, wherein the utility model further comprises an AC power source. The anode and the cathode of the alternating current power source are respectively connected to the anode brush and the cathode brush; the pressure ring is provided with two through holes, and the two through holes are respectively located on the left and right sides of the aluminum alloy sheet, An anode brush and a cathode brush are respectively installed in the two through holes, and the brush contacts of the anode brush and the cathode brush respectively contact the aluminum alloy sheet; the side walls of the through holes on the left and right sides and the bead ring Wire passages are respectively formed between the outer walls of the left and right sides for respectively passing the wires between the anode brush and the alternating current power source, the cathode brush and the alternating current power source; the punch is insulated from the machine tool, and the bead ring and the aluminum alloy plate are respectively Material insulation, the die is insulated from the aluminum alloy sheet.
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