WO2019197540A1 - Dispositif de régulation de température pour réguler la température d'un système de batterie et système de batterie d'un véhicule - Google Patents

Dispositif de régulation de température pour réguler la température d'un système de batterie et système de batterie d'un véhicule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019197540A1
WO2019197540A1 PCT/EP2019/059273 EP2019059273W WO2019197540A1 WO 2019197540 A1 WO2019197540 A1 WO 2019197540A1 EP 2019059273 W EP2019059273 W EP 2019059273W WO 2019197540 A1 WO2019197540 A1 WO 2019197540A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fire protection
temperature control
particles
temperature
fire
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/059273
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tobias Mayer
Christian Behlen
Original Assignee
Lion Smart Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lion Smart Gmbh filed Critical Lion Smart Gmbh
Publication of WO2019197540A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019197540A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • Temperature control device for a temperature control of a battery device of a vehicle
  • the present invention relates to a tempering device for the temperature control of a battery device of a vehicle, a fire protection insert for use in such a tempering device and a method for producing such a T emperiervorraum.
  • the battery device for a vehicle in particular an at least partially electrically powered vehicle, a water and / or underwater vehicle, in particular a boat, or an aircraft can be used. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the battery device can be used in a trailer.
  • the battery device may be used, for example, as a drive battery or supply battery.
  • battery devices in addition to the tempering still need to have a fire protection functionality.
  • battery devices consist of individual battery modules or individual battery cells in which the chemical components are arranged for the electrical power to be provided.
  • damage to the battery devices may cause the individual chemical components to react with each other and cause high temperatures.
  • high temperatures can lead to a fire situation in the battery device and / or on the vehicle.
  • extinguishing devices or fire protection concepts are usually provided to avoid such a risk situation.
  • these have the disadvantage that they bring additional weight, additional costs and, above all, additional space requirements.
  • a temperature control device for the temperature control of a battery device of a vehicle.
  • the tempering at least one tempering medium for the promotion of temperature control for the exchange of heat with the battery device.
  • the tempering medium line is equipped with at least one Temperierstoffeingang for the entry of temperature control and at least one Temperierffenausgang for the exit of temperature control.
  • the Temperierstoff technischedishment of fire protection particles with a defined melting range for the reduction of heat in a fire by phase transition.
  • the temperature control device is based on the known solutions for providing a temperature control functionality in a battery device. It may be a battery device for a vehicle, which is an electrical Drive as a main drive or as a power take-off has.
  • the battery device is heat-transferring connected to the tempering in the range of Temperierstofftechnisch via a heat transfer section, so that tempering, which is pumped by a Temperierstoffpumpe in forced circulation on the Temperierstoffeingang by Temperierstoff to Temperierffenausgang can be introduced or applied via the temperature control.
  • the desired heat exchange can also be understood as the primary tempering functionality of the tempering device.
  • the tempering device In addition to the tempering function, the tempering device according to the present invention still has a secondary fire protection function.
  • the temperature control can provide two functionalities as a unit available, so that a separate fire protection unit with a separate fire protection functionality in terms of size, cost and space requirements can be avoided.
  • fire protection particles are introduced in the form of a bed in a fire protection section.
  • the fire protection section can be constructed or arranged in the region of the heat transfer, that is to say in the heat transfer section with the battery device.
  • the fire protection section preferably overlaps or is completely inserted into the heat transfer section.
  • the fire protection section is arranged at other locations or even extends completely or essentially completely over the temperature control line.
  • a bed of fire protection particles is arranged in the fire protection section.
  • Fire protection particles are characterized in the context of the present invention in that they have a defined melting range and / or a defined melting point.
  • the fire protection particles are thus present in a solid phase, while they are present in a phase transition in the liquid or even gaseous phase when the defined melting range is exceeded.
  • heat is needed to supply the phase transition with the appropriate enthalpy. This heat is removed from the environment, so that in this way a cooling function cools the surrounding components, in particular the battery device and / or the heat transfer section.
  • the introduction of the fire protection particles takes the form of a bed, which brings in particular two major advantages.
  • the introduction can be simple, inexpensive and quick, since pourable, in particular free-flowing fire protection particles can be easily and inexpensively introduced into the temperature control line.
  • a further advantage of the introduction in a bed is that a bed prevents a complete flow closure within the temperature control line, since the individual fire protection particles in the form of the bed have a bedding porosity through which the temperature control medium can continue to flow.
  • the fire protection functionality and on the other the primary main function of the temperature can be made available because the temperature control flow and can be available for heat transfer.
  • a defined melting range is to be understood as meaning a temperature range and / or a temperature point. This defines the phase transition of the fire protection particles from the solid phase into the liquid or gaseous phase.
  • a melting range or melting point in a defined manner is preferably adjusted so that the phase transition occurs before the risk of burning of the surrounding components occurs.
  • the defined melting range is preferably provided with a temperature which is smaller than the melting range of the surrounding wall of the tempering medium line and / or the surrounding components, in particular the battery device, the corresponding adjacent battery modules or the housing of the adjacent battery modules.
  • the entire tempering device and in particular a large part of the tempering medium lines are provided with a corresponding fill with fire protection particles, local, where overheating of the battery device occurs from the inside or from the outside, can result in direct, local and also decentralized cooling functionality due to the phase transition of the melting fire protection particles be guaranteed.
  • This is not only decentralized and local, but also immediately available, so not just in a centralized fire protection system appropriate cooling or fire protection liquid must be brought to the desired location.
  • Another decisive advantage of the solution according to the invention is the essentially automated and control-free functionality.
  • the fire protection particles are triggered solely by the corresponding temperature situation, so melt when the temperature reaches or exceeds the defined melting range.
  • a detection of a fire by electrical sensors and a corresponding rules of a fire protection system is no longer necessary. Rather, the functionality of the fire protection with the bulk of the fire protection particles can be made available here with maximum security through the phase transition, while the functionality of the temperature control device with respect to the main function of the temperature control of the battery device unimpaired or substantially unimpaired.
  • the defined melting range is more than 10% above the maximum operating temperature in the temperature control line and / or less than 10% below the fire temperature in the temperature control line. This is to be understood as the maximum limits in order to ensure safe and early functioning of the fire protection. These two limits can be particularly combined, but also kept separate. Defining a melting range by appropriate choice of material of the fire protection particles in the bed of 10% above the maximum operating temperature of the temperature control avoids it with a corresponding safety distance that the fire protection particles get into the phase transition in normal operation. In particular, the defined melting range is thus greater than the maximum operating temperature in the temperature control line. Also at the other end of the defined melting range is a corresponding safety margin of 10% of the improved functionality.
  • a fire temperature can be determined in the temperature control, which can be defined for example by the melting or ignition temperature of the adjacent conduit wall of Temperier Nobeltechnisch or the adjacent battery modules, battery cells or battery case. Once this temperature is reached, there is a risk that the adjacent components will melt or ignite. In order to avoid this, the cooling functionality of the fire protection of the fire protection particles should be triggered beforehand, which is why the defined melting range is below this fire or melting temperature or ignition temperature of the surrounding components.
  • a safety buffer of about 10% is preferably provided in order to be able to ensure a false trip with too low temperatures and on the other hand a timely release in case of fire with a simplified triggering and high security.
  • the fire protection particles are at least partially porous.
  • the porosity leads to an enlarged surface, so that a corresponding fire protection functionality can be defined and adjusted even easier. In particular, this leads to a faster melting when the defined melting range is reached, so that a larger amount of enthalpy of fusion and accordingly of cooling functionality can be provided in a shorter time.
  • the porosity can influence the desired melting points or melting ranges so that a preferred choice of material can be adjusted by the porosity with respect to a preferred and defined melting range.
  • the individual pores of the fire protection particles can be formed both in an open and in a closed manner. The combination of open and closed pores in fire protection particles as well as non-porous and porous fire protection particles is of course conceivable within the meaning of the present invention.
  • the fire protection particles are at least partially hollow, in particular with a closed cavity.
  • a closed cavity can also be provided by many individual small cavities in the form of closed pores. The cavity or hollow pores cause penetration of tempering in this cavity can be avoided by the completed and thus gas-tight training.
  • the respective gas volume is not filled with temperature control agent, so that the total weight of the temperature control device is reduced by the proportion of the temperature control medium saved in this way.
  • such a cavity which is formed as a closed and gas-tight cavity, have an additional fire protection functionality, if a corresponding fire protection gas is arranged in this cavity.
  • This may be, for example, inert gas, for example nitrogen.
  • Other fire protection gases which in particular exert a positive, because cooling or reaction-reducing effect on the adjacent chemicals in the battery device, are of course conceivable in the context of the present invention.
  • the fire protection particles a regular geometric shape, in particular spherical or substantially spherical. This is particularly advantageous in that the bulk density of the poured fire protection particles is more easily predictable in this way. The layering or packing of the fire protection particles is easier to predict in this way. Regarding the cost in the production of a regular geometric shape for the fire protection particles also brings benefits. Not least can be provided by a regular geometric shape, in particular in a spherical or substantially spherical manner, also a good prediction of the melting functionality or the melting process in the phase transition.
  • the fire protection particles have a mixed grain size.
  • the individual fire protection particles have different particle sizes, that is to say different particle diameters or particle diameters. This also refers in particular to the fact that the individual fire protection particles can have different geometric outer contours.
  • a mixed grain size is considered to be particularly simple and inexpensive in terms of the production of the fire protection particles. In this case, a screening in a coarse manner and in terms of desired upper limits and desired lower limits set the mixed grain size to give a good predictability of the influence of fire protection in the temperature control in the fire protection section.
  • the fire protection particles may also be advantageous if, in a tempering device according to the invention, have a sieved grain size, in particular with a defined grain size and / or with a grain size in the range of ⁇ 10%.
  • a sieved grain allows the individual fire protection particles to be placed on each other, so to speak, so that a denser packing with a lower bulk porosity in the fill can be made available. Also, a more precise prediction can be made by a sieved grit, in what way and with what quantitative and also qualitative intensity the influence of the fire protection in the fire protection section of the temperature control can be provided.
  • the fire protection particles have a conductivity and / or a transmission capacity for acoustic and / or have optical signals.
  • this brings advantages, since the resistance functionality of the fire protection particles is reduced to the influence of fire protection in the fire protection section.
  • the resistance to the passage of acoustic and / or optical signals is reduced or even minimized by the passability.
  • a visual communication based on light waves and / or an acoustic communication based on sound waves within the temperature control is possible.
  • the passability relates in particular to a low scattering and / or a lower resistance to such signaling.
  • the fire protection section has at least one section wall transversely or essentially transversely to the flow direction for stabilizing the position of the fire protection particles.
  • the position of the fire protection particles is to be understood in particular as the amount of the bed of fire protection particles in the fire protection section. Transverse to the direction of flow is thus avoided in this way co-promoting the fire protection particles together with the temperature control or at least reduced.
  • Flat and / or acute angles of attack of such a section wall are also possible within the meaning of the present invention.
  • Decisive here is in particular the non-parallel or unparallel design of the section wall correlating with the flow direction of the temperature control.
  • an increased stability against centrifugal forces or other transverse accelerations can be provided in this way, which can occur during operation of the vehicle in which such a temperature control device is installed.
  • the fire protection section, the Temperierffeneingang and / or the Temperierffenausgang comprises a retaining device for a retention of the fire protection particles against co-promotion with the temperature control.
  • a restraint device may also be referred to and understood as a filter device or grating device. It prevents at least partially leakage of the bed or individual fire protection particles of the bed. Particularly in the direction of a pumping device for generating a flow of the temperature control, this retaining device can prevent penetration of the fire protection particles in such a pump. At the exit and / or at the entrance the temperature control, especially in the flow direction, this retainer thus brings the advantages described with it.
  • a fire protection insert for use in a fire protection section of a temperature control line of a temperature control device according to the invention.
  • a fire protection insert has an insert chamber with a bed of fire protection particles with a defined melting range for the reduction of heat in a fire by phase transition.
  • the present invention is a method for the production of the temperature control device according to the present invention, comprising the following steps:
  • a method according to the invention brings about the same advantages as have been explained in detail with reference to a tempering device according to the invention.
  • the introduction of the bed is carried out in particular in a trickling or pouring manner, if it is free-flowing material in the fire protection particles.
  • the introduction of the bedding and the corresponding selection of the fire protection particles leads to a preliminary definition and adjustment of the fire protection by the selected influencing particles for the bed
  • the introduction of the fire protection particles takes place through the temperature control medium input and / or the temperature control medium output.
  • an additional input for the introduction of the bed is avoided, so that by dispensing with the complexity of the tempering and also the complexity in the implementation of the method can be reduced.
  • the incorporation and construction are significantly simplified in this way.
  • the influencing particles are introduced in the form of a fire protection insert according to the present invention.
  • the use of a fire protection insert can take place in a prefabrication, so that during the final production of the tempering and / or the battery device of the fire protection insert as such without a risk of spillage or increased expenditure by the handling of free-flowing fire protection particles is usable.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a tempering device according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of an inventive
  • Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of an inventive
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a temperature control device according to the invention
  • Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of an inventive
  • Temperature control device with a fire protection insert is a temperature control device with a fire protection insert.
  • FIGS. 1, 2, 5 and 6 show different forms of a tempering device 10 according to the present invention. These are all based on a solution which combines two basic functionalities for the temperature control device 10 with each other. All these four representations have in common that a battery device 200 here with different battery modules or battery cells adjacent to a Temperierstofftechnisch 20 of the temperature control 10 is arranged. This area can also be understood as a heat transfer section, in which heat can be introduced by a temperature control into the battery device 200 or introduced from the battery device 200 in the temperature control. Thus, a heating functionality and / or a cooling functionality for the battery device 200 can be provided by the temperature control device 10 and by the passage of a temperature control in the Temperierstofftechnisch 20.
  • tempering medium line 20 In order to be able to provide a flow through the tempering medium line 20, it is preferably connected via the Temperierffeneingang 22 with a Temperierffenpumpe which can pump the corresponding temperature control over the Temperierstoffeingang 22 through the Temperierstofftechnisch 20 through the Temperierffenausgang 24 in the circulation.
  • a fire protection section 26 is provided within the tempering medium line 20, in which a bed 30 of fire protection particles 32 is arranged.
  • This bed 30 has a bedding porosity, which is to be understood as free flow porosity, through which the temperature control medium can flow through the tempering medium line 20.
  • the fire protection particles 32 in the form of the bed 30 in principle constitute a fluidic resistance, but avoid complete blockage of the temperature control 20, so that despite the presence of the bed 30 in the fire protection section 26 further flow of the temperature control by the temperature control 20, and in particular through the fire protection portion 26 is possible.
  • the flow direction is indicated by the corresponding arrow directions.
  • the individual fire protection particles 32 are equipped with a defined melting range. This is above the normal operating temperature of the temperature control and below the melting temperature of the adjacent wall of Temperier Nobeltechnisch or the ignition temperature of the adjacent battery modules of the battery device 200.
  • the temperature will also rise in the temperature control line 20. This happens much faster and higher than in normal operation, so that the temperature will reach and exceed the defined melting range of the fire protection particles 32 in the bed 30.
  • the fire protection particles 32 start to melt locally and precisely at the point of the highest temperature and, for this melting process, require the corresponding enthalpy of fusion or phase transition enthalpy as phase transition. In order to provide this energy, it must be removed from the environment, so that a cooling effect and thus a fire protection effect locally, decentralized and automated controlled or can be provided without control.
  • FIGS. 2, 5 and 6 are based on the same combination of fire protection functionality with the tempering functionality. However, here are different details shown in more detail. While FIG. 1 shows a regular bed 30 with the same and / or substantially identical and spherical influencing particles 32, FIG. 5 shows, for example, a more irregular bed 30.
  • regular geometric shapes are for example spherical or cylindrical , provided for the individual fire protection particles 32, but they are equipped with different sizes, so that, as Fig. 5 shows well, a larger bulk porosity arises, which is accompanied by a facilitated flow with faster flow rates and larger volume flows of temperature control through the fire protection section 26 , In FIG.
  • section walls 28 are provided, which at the same time also serve as restraint devices 40.
  • These are grid inserts with a corresponding grid size, which avoids and prevents co-conveying of the fire protection particles 32 with the flowing temperature control agent.
  • FIG. 2 shows that, for a facilitated flow, nevertheless a combination with the fire protection functionality can also be provided a central clearance, for example a central tube, which is surrounded by the fire protection particles 32 as a charge 30.
  • FIG. 6 shows a solution which brings great advantages, in particular with regard to the production method. So here are the fire protection particles 32 of Batch 30 as a fire protection section 26 in an insert chamber 1 10 of an interference use 100 arranged. Thus, a prefabrication of this fire protection insert can be made available without the bed must be formed only during the final production of the temperature control. This leads to a further simplification and improvement of the production.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show alternative ways in which the individual fire protection particles can be further improved.
  • FIG. 3 shows a fire protection particle 32 with a central cavity. This is gas-tight and can, for example, have a fire gas or an inert gas. The gas-tight termination functionality of the cavity ensures that no temperature control medium can penetrate into this cavity, so that the total weight of the temperature control device 10 can be reduced by the corresponding displacement.
  • FIG. 4 shows a fire protection particle 32 in a porous design, wherein both open and closed pores can be used here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de régulation de température (10) pour réguler la température d'un système de batterie (200) d'un véhicule, ce dispositif présentant au moins une conduite de fluide de régulation de température (20) destinée à acheminer un fluide de régulation de température pour assurer un échange de chaleur avec le système de batterie (200). Cette conduite de fluide de régulation de température (20) présente au moins une entrée de fluide de régulation de température (22) par laquelle entre le fluide de régulation de température et au moins une sortie de fluide de régulation de température (24) par laquelle sort le fluide de régulation de température. La conduite de fluide de régulation de température (20) présente en outre au moins une section coupe-feu (26) pourvue d'un garnissage (30) de particules ignifuges (32) présentant une plage de fusion définie pour dissiper la chaleur en cas d'incendie par transition de phase.
PCT/EP2019/059273 2018-04-13 2019-04-11 Dispositif de régulation de température pour réguler la température d'un système de batterie et système de batterie d'un véhicule WO2019197540A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018205650.1A DE102018205650A1 (de) 2018-04-13 2018-04-13 Temperiervorrichtung für eine Temperierung einer Batterievorrichtung eines Fahrzeugs
DE102018205650.1 2018-04-13

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WO2019197540A1 true WO2019197540A1 (fr) 2019-10-17

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WO (1) WO2019197540A1 (fr)

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DE102022133176A1 (de) 2022-12-13 2023-11-09 Rolls-Royce Solutions GmbH Energiespeichervorrichtung und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer solchen Energiespeichervorrichtung

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DE102022108824A1 (de) 2022-04-12 2023-10-12 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Batteriesystem

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WO2011088997A1 (fr) * 2010-01-20 2011-07-28 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Agencement de cellules d'accumulateur pouvant être tempérées
FR2992907A1 (fr) * 2012-07-04 2014-01-10 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Source d'energie electrique avec au moins une cellule electrochimique et un systeme passif de sa gestion thermique
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WO2011088997A1 (fr) * 2010-01-20 2011-07-28 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Agencement de cellules d'accumulateur pouvant être tempérées
FR2992907A1 (fr) * 2012-07-04 2014-01-10 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Source d'energie electrique avec au moins une cellule electrochimique et un systeme passif de sa gestion thermique
US20170149103A1 (en) * 2015-11-19 2017-05-25 Intramicron, Inc. Battery pack for energy storage devices
WO2018020139A1 (fr) * 2016-07-26 2018-02-01 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Echangeur de chaleur, notamment pour la regulation thermique d'une unite de reserve d'energie, et ensemble forme dudit echangeur et de ladite unite

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022133176A1 (de) 2022-12-13 2023-11-09 Rolls-Royce Solutions GmbH Energiespeichervorrichtung und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer solchen Energiespeichervorrichtung

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