WO2019184257A1 - Coal mining method for rotatably mining coal on an open pit slope using fully-mechanized coal mining equipment - Google Patents

Coal mining method for rotatably mining coal on an open pit slope using fully-mechanized coal mining equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019184257A1
WO2019184257A1 PCT/CN2018/104672 CN2018104672W WO2019184257A1 WO 2019184257 A1 WO2019184257 A1 WO 2019184257A1 CN 2018104672 W CN2018104672 W CN 2018104672W WO 2019184257 A1 WO2019184257 A1 WO 2019184257A1
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Prior art keywords
coal
head
tail
mining
shearer
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PCT/CN2018/104672
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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马成溪
汪有刚
赵会波
付天光
张雷
杨雪成
李凌峰
马少翀
冯栩瑞
池津维
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中煤科工能源投资有限公司
中煤科工（内蒙古）采矿工程技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2019184257A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019184257A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/26—Methods of surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/28—Methods of surface mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/24—Remote control specially adapted for machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a coal mining method for rotary mining of open-pit coal for use in fully mechanized mining equipment, in particular to the mining of end-supporting coal around the dumping site in open pit mines.
  • the end-cap mining coal can not only recover the coal to support the coal, improve the recovery rate of coal resources, but also reduce the coal pollution in the open pit mine, improve the ecological environment of the mining area, and have significant economic and social benefits.
  • the end-end coal mining methods include the joint stripping public-end coal-pressing method, the steep-back mining internal pressure-pressing method, the open-air auger mining method, the well-level mining method, and the open-end mining shearer mining method.
  • These methods for coal mining generally have the characteristics of discontinuous production, high cost of stripping and mining, and the problem of low coal mining rate.
  • the comprehensive mechanized coal mining process has high production continuity and coal mining efficiency. It is applied to the mining of the main coal seam of conventional coal mines, but it has not been applied to the end coal mining.
  • the comprehensive mechanized coal mining process refers to the coal mining process in which the main production processes such as coal breaking, coal loading, coal transportation and support are all mechanized, and it is the most advanced coal mining technology widely used at present.
  • the equipment used is called comprehensive mechanized coal mining equipment.
  • the comprehensive mechanized coal mining equipment mainly includes coal mining machine, scraper conveyor (commonly known as slipper) and multiple hydraulic supports (referred to as “three machines”).
  • the scraper conveyor is arranged on the front wall of the coal seam of the fully mechanized mining face, usually called the front transporter, consisting of the nose, the fuselage and the tail.
  • the front conveyor is provided with guide rails, and the chute is used to cut the shearer. The falling coal body is transported.
  • the flexible scraper conveyor is the main transportation equipment for the comprehensive mechanized coal mining face. In addition to transporting coal, it can also serve as the fulcrum for the running track of the coal mining machine and the movement of the hydraulic support.
  • the shearer is mounted on a guide rail, and the shearer is usually a double drum shearer, including a cutting device and a traction device.
  • the cutting device comprises left and right rollers disposed at both ends of the shearer, and the drum is provided with spiral blades.
  • the cutting device is used for breaking coal and cutting coal in the coal wall, and sliding shoes are arranged on both sides of the traction device, and the sliding shoes on both sides of the bottom of the coal mining machine are arranged on the guide rails on both sides of the scraper conveyor, so that the shearer is along
  • the scraper conveyor moves back and forth in the longitudinal direction.
  • a plurality of hydraulic supports are arranged side by side on the rear side of the scraper conveyor, and the common support forms a working surface.
  • the hydraulic support is a self-moving hydraulic support for supporting and controlling the top plate of the working surface and the isolation goaf to prevent the meteorite from entering.
  • the working face and the scraper conveyor can be used to move forward and advance the scraper conveyor of the working face, and it can be used together with the coal mining machine and the scraper conveyor to realize the coal falling, coal loading, coal transportation, support and release.
  • Integrated mechanized coal mining equipment also includes crushers and loaders.
  • the current fully mechanized mining steps of the end coal seam mainly include: coal mining machine cutting coal ⁇ moving hydraulic support ⁇ pushing the front conveyor.
  • the existing end-support coal mining has the following problems: (1) The existing end-end coal mining equipment is not continuous, and it is often necessary to move the equipment to move the surface, resulting in the end-cap coal resources not being completely exploited, reducing coal. The recovery rate of resources. (2) The comprehensive mechanized coal mining technology has been applied to the mining of the main coal seam of conventional coal mines, but it has not been applied to the end mining coal. The advantage of high recovery rate of fully mechanized mining needs to be exploited in the mining of end coal. .
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a coal mining method for rotary mining of open-air side coal by using fully mechanized mining equipment, which is used to solve the problem of low efficiency and low recovery rate of end coal mining around the pit in the existing open coal mine.
  • the technical proposal of the present invention is to provide a coal mining method for rotary mining open-pit coal for use in a fully mechanized mining equipment, and to provide an end gang of an open pit coal mine, the end gang including the end turn rotating end and end The main section of the coal and the end of the rotation of the exit end, the end of the rotating drive end and the end of the rotating drive out of the end of the end of the main section of the coal at both ends, the use of comprehensive mechanized coal mining equipment referred to as comprehensive mining equipment, the comprehensive mining The equipment includes a scraper conveyor, a shearer and a hydraulic support.
  • the shearer is a double drum shearer.
  • the drum near the head of the shearer is the head drum, and the drum near the tail end of the shearer is the tail drum.
  • the end coal used for mining open pit mines, the coal mining method comprising the following steps:
  • the method for rotating the end turn to the end coal mining comprises the following steps:
  • Step S101 Arranging fully mechanized mining equipment along the end coal wall on the coal seam floor of the stope, and the shearer cutting the support section by itself;
  • Step S102 Raising the tail drum of the machine and lowering the head drum, the shearer rotates from the end of the first head to the end of the first head, and the end of the first end of the driving end rotates the coal along the straight line while moving the hydraulic support.
  • the head and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are pushed from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn, and after the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues to cut coal until the tail end of the cutter Coal wall, and then reduce the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
  • Step S103 Raise the head roller, and cut the coal into the coal wall obliquely with the gradually increasing head offset angle toward the head end, and the moving head offset distance gradually reaches the end turn rotation driving end At the end of the first beveled section, the hydraulic support is simultaneously moved to push the tail of the scraper conveyor and the fuselage toward the coal wall;
  • Step S104 lowering the head roller, raising the tail drum, and the shearer is away from the head end with a gradually decreasing head deviation angle to the coal wall obliquely cutting into the knife to cut coal, and the head with the gradually increasing diameter reaches the distance The end turn rotates into the end of the second beveled section of the end, and simultaneously moves the hydraulic bracket to push the tail of the scraper conveyor and the fuselage toward the coal wall;
  • Step S105 Steps S103 and 104 are repeated until the shearer rotates from the end to the end of the end of the machine to cut the coal back to the end of the first head of the end of the rotary drive, while moving the hydraulic support to transport the scraper The tail and fuselage of the machine are pushed from the tail end of the machine to the coal wall in turn, and the coal cutting path of the shearer completes a closed cycle;
  • Step S106 Steps S102 to S105 are repeated until the tail rotation of the squeegee conveyor deviates from the initial position by 90 degrees, the vertical end of the squeegee conveyor is stripped, and the squeegee conveyor just reaches the end section main coal.
  • the method for mining the end section main body coal includes the following steps:
  • Step S201 Raising the tail drum of the machine and lowering the head drum, the coal mining machine cuts the coal straight from the starting point of the first head of the main section of the end body to the end of the first end of the main section of the coal, and perpendicularly to the stripping direction of the coal seam. Move the hydraulic support, push the nose and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor from the head end to the tail end of the machine to the coal wall. After the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues to cut coal until the tail is cut. The coal wall near the end, and then reduce the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
  • Step S202 Raising the head roller, and cutting the coal by the head roller toward the head end from 25m to 40m at the distance from the tail of the machine until reaching the end of the first chamfer section of the main section of the end gang;
  • Step S203 lowering the head roller, raising the tail roller, the coal wall near the tail end of the tail roller cutting machine, reaching the end point of the second tail end of the main section of the end gang, and reducing the bottom coal of the tail end of the tail roller cutting machine, Simultaneously moving the hydraulic support to push the tail of the scraper conveyor to the coal wall;
  • Step S204 Raising the head roller and lowering the tail drum, the shearer drives the coal from the tail end to the head end, and moves the hydraulic bracket to move the tail and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor from the tail end of the machine The head end is pushed to the coal wall in turn until the shearer reaches the second head end of the main section of the end gang;
  • Step S205 Raising the tail roller and lowering the nose roller, and cutting the coal with the tail roller toward the tail end of the machine at a distance of 25m to 40m from the machine head until reaching the end of the second oblique section of the main body section of the end gang. ;
  • Step S206 raising the head roller, lowering the tail roller, and cutting the coal wall near the head end of the head roller, reaching the end point of the third head of the main body of the end gang, and reducing the bottom coal of the head end of the head roller cutting machine, At the same time, the hydraulic support is moved to push the head of the scraper conveyor to the coal wall to complete a process cycle;
  • Step S207 Steps S201 to S206 are repeated until the squeegee conveyor reaches the end turn rotation end.
  • the method for mining the end-to-end rotary exit end coal comprises the following steps:
  • Step S301 Raising the tail drum and lowering the head drum, and the shearer rotates from the end of the first head to the end of the first head, and the end of the first end of the rotary end of the first end is cut perpendicularly to the coal stripping direction.
  • the hydraulic support is moved, and the head and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are pushed from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn, and after the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues to cut coal until it is cut through.
  • Step S302 Raising the head roller, the head roller is inclined toward the coal head toward the head end to cut the coal into the coal wall, and the moving distance of the head is gradually increased to reach the end rotation.
  • the hydraulic support is moved, and the tail and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are sequentially pushed from the tail end of the scraper to the head end toward the coal wall;
  • Step S303 lowering the head roller and raising the tail roller, and the shearer is away from the head end with a gradually decreasing head deviation angle to the coal wall obliquely cutting into the knife to cut coal, and the head with the gradually increasing diameter reaches the distance
  • the end turn rotates the end of the second beveling section of the exit end, and simultaneously moves the hydraulic bracket to push the fuselage and the tail of the scraper conveyor from the head end to the tail end of the machine to the coal wall in turn;
  • Step S304 Steps S302 and 303 are repeated until the shearer cuts the coal from the end of the end of the end and cuts the coal back to the starting point of the first head of the rotating end of the end, while moving the hydraulic support to transport the scraper The tail and fuselage of the machine are pushed from the tail end of the machine to the coal wall in turn, and the coal cutting path of the shearer completes a closed cycle;
  • Step S305 Steps S301 to S304 are repeated until the tail end of the scraper conveyor rotates out of the end to rotate the exit end.
  • the end turn rotation into the end coal mining, the end section main section coal mining and the end turn rotation out end coal mining are sequential in time.
  • the geometry of the end turn rotation exit end is a quarter cylinder formed by rotating the rotation plane 90 degrees around the rotation axis, and the end shaft rotates the rotation end of the drive end and the end turn rotates
  • the rotating shaft of the outlet end is located on the same side of the coal of the end body section.
  • the handpiece does not move, and the tail rotates around the nose.
  • step S301 to step S305 the handpiece remains unmoved, and the tail rotates around the nose.
  • the coal mining path of the shearer at the end turn rotation end and the end turn rotation end is zigzag.
  • the present invention relates to a coal mining method for rotary mining of open-pit coals using fully mechanized mining equipment. After the coal mining equipment is driven into the end, the coal is driven by the end turn and the coal is mined at the end section.
  • the rotation of the end-end coal mining is continuous in time series, without interrupting the coal mining operation, and the coal mining has a strong sequence continuity. Therefore, the tail end of the whole equipment machine is driven into a U-shaped path in the end gang and then exits, avoiding The support time of the well-drilling fully mechanized mining process end, the coal mining efficiency is high, and the coal production capacity is large.
  • the coal mining method for rotary mining of open-pit coal for use in fully mechanized mining equipment greatly improves production efficiency and comprehensive recovery rate, improves service life of open pit mine, improves resource recovery rate, protects and improves Environment to achieve green mining and sustainable development of coal mines.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the area division of the end gang provided in Embodiment 1.
  • Embodiment 2 is a schematic view of a coal mining machine coal mining path provided in Embodiment 1.
  • Figure 3 is a detailed view of the coal mining cycle path of the end-spinning drive-in end shearer provided in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a detailed view of a coal mining cycle path of the end coal main coal mining machine provided in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a detailed view of the coal circulation cycle of the end turn rotating end provided by the first embodiment.
  • the first embodiment provides a coal mining method for rotating open-pit coal for use in a fully mechanized mining equipment, and provides an end gang of an open pit coal mine, the end gang includes an end turn rotating end, an end gang main section coal and an end turn At the exit end, the rotary end of the end turn and the end of the end turn are located at the two ends of the main section of the coal, and the integrated mechanized coal mining equipment is referred to as the fully mechanized mining equipment, and the comprehensive mining equipment includes the SGZ1000/1050 type scraper.
  • the coal mining method comprises the following steps:
  • the end piece 500 of the stope is divided into an end turn rotating end 100, an end main body section coal 200 and an end turn rotating end 300 according to geometric features, the end turn rotating end 100 and the end turn rotating end 300 Located at both ends of the end section main section coal 200;
  • Step S101 Arranging fully mechanized mining equipment along the end coal wall on the coal seam floor 400 of the stope, and the shearer cutting the support section by itself;
  • Step S102 Raising the tail drum and lowering the head drum, the shearer rotates from the end to the first head of the first head, and the end of the first head is rotated to the end of the first end.
  • the hydraulic support pushes the nose and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn, and the shearer reaches the end of the machine, and the tail drum continues to cut coal until the end of the cutter Near the coal wall, and then reduce the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
  • Step S103 Raise the head roller, and cut the coal into the coal wall with the gradually increasing head offset angle ⁇ toward the head end, and the moving head gradually increasing the distance s of the head to the end to rotate At the end of the first chamfered section end 3, while moving the hydraulic support, pushing the tail of the scraper conveyor and the fuselage to the coal wall;
  • Step S104 lowering the head drum, raising the tail drum, and the shearer is away from the head end with a gradually decreasing nose deviation angle ⁇ to the coal wall obliquely cutting the coal, and the moving distance of the head is gradually increased d arrives at the end to rotate the end of the second beveled section 4, while moving the hydraulic support to push the tail of the scraper conveyor and the fuselage to the coal wall;
  • Step S105 Steps S103 and 104 are repeated until the shearer rotates from the end to the end of the end of the machine to cut the coal back to the end of the first head starting point 1 while rotating the hydraulic support, which will scrape The tail and the fuselage of the plate conveyor are pushed from the tail end of the plate to the coal wall in turn, and the coal cutting path of the coal mining machine completes a closed cycle;
  • Step S106 Steps S102 to S105 are repeated until the tail rotation of the squeegee conveyor deviates from the initial position by 90 degrees, the vertical end of the squeegee conveyor is stripped, and the squeegee conveyor just reaches the end section main coal.
  • Step S201 Raising the tail drum of the machine and lowering the head drum, the shearer cuts from the starting point 6 of the first head of the main section of the coal to the end of the first end of the main section of the coal. Coal, while moving the hydraulic support, the head and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are pushed from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn, and after the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues to cut coal until cutting Through the coal wall near the tail end of the machine, and then reduce the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
  • Step S202 Raising the head roller, and cutting the coal by the nose roller toward the head end from 15m to 25m from the tail of the machine until reaching the end 8 of the first chamfer section of the main body section of the end gang;
  • Step S203 lowering the head roller, raising the tail roller, the coal wall near the tail end of the tail roller cutting machine, reaching the end point 9 of the second tail end of the main body section of the end, reducing the bottom coal of the tail end of the tail roller cutting machine At the same time, the hydraulic support is moved to push the tail of the scraper conveyor to the coal wall;
  • Step S204 Raising the head roller and lowering the tail drum, the shearer drives the coal from the tail end to the head end, and moves the hydraulic bracket to move the tail and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor from the tail end of the machine The head end is pushed to the coal wall in turn until the shearer reaches the second head end 10 of the main section of the end gang;
  • Step S205 Raising the tail roller and lowering the nose roller, and cutting the coal from the tail roller toward the tail end of the machine at a distance of 15m to 25m from the tail of the machine until reaching the end of the second oblique section of the end section main coal ;
  • Step S206 raising the head roller, lowering the tail roller, the coal wall near the head end of the head roller cutting machine, reaching the end point 12 of the third head of the end main body section, and reducing the bottom coal of the head end of the head roller cutting machine At the same time, the hydraulic support is moved to push the head of the scraper conveyor to the coal wall to complete a process cycle;
  • Step S207 Steps S201 to S206 are repeated until the squeegee conveyor reaches the end turn rotation end.
  • Step S301 Raising the tail drum and lowering the head drum.
  • the shearer rotates from the end to the first head starting point 14 to the end to rotate the exit end of the first tail end 15 along the direction perpendicular to the coal seam stripping direction
  • the coal is cut in a straight line, and the hydraulic support is moved at the same time.
  • the head and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are pushed from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn, and after the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues to cut coal. Until the coal wall near the tail end of the cutter, and then reduce the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
  • Step S302 Raising the head roller, the head roller toward the head end is inclined to the coal wall with a gradually increasing head offset angle ⁇ , and the head offset distance s reaches the end. Assisting the end of the first beveling section 16 of the rotating exit end, and simultaneously moving the hydraulic support, pushing the tail of the scraper conveyor and the fuselage from the tail end of the scraper to the head end of the machine head in turn;
  • Step S303 lowering the head roller and raising the tail roller, and the shearer is away from the head end with a gradually decreasing nose deviation angle ⁇ to the coal wall obliquely cutting into the knife to cut coal, and the moving distance of the head is gradually increased d reaches the end of the second beveling end 17 of the rotating end of the end, while moving the hydraulic support, pushing the fuselage and the tail of the scraper conveyor from the head end to the tail end of the machine to the coal wall;
  • Step S304 Steps S302 and 303 are repeated until the shearer rotates the exit end from the end turn to end the tail point 18 and cuts the coal back to the first head starting point 14 of the end turn rotation end, while moving the hydraulic support, the scraper will be scraped
  • the tail and the fuselage of the plate conveyor are pushed from the tail end of the plate to the coal wall in turn, and the coal cutting path of the coal mining machine completes a closed cycle;
  • Step S305 Steps S301 to S304 are repeated until the tail end of the squeegee conveyor rotates out of the end to rotate the exit end 300.
  • the end turn rotation into the end end coal mining, the end section main section coal mining and the end turn rotation out end coal mining are sequential in time.
  • the geometry of the end turn rotation end 300 is a quarter cylinder formed by the rotation plane rotating 90 degrees around the rotation axis, and the end turn rotates the rotation axis of the end 100 and the end rotation rotation end
  • the axis of rotation of 300 is located on the same side of the end section main section coal 200.
  • step S102 to step S106 the nose remains unmoved, and the tail rotates around the nose.
  • step S301 to step S305 the nose remains unmoved, and the tail rotates around the nose.
  • the coal mining machine path of the shearer at the end turn rotating end 100 and the end turn rotating end 300 is zigzag.
  • the nose offset angle ⁇ mentioned in the above embodiment refers to the angle between the oblique cutting direction of the shearer and the direction of the end detachment; the nose deviation angle ⁇ refers to the shearer The angle between the oblique cutting direction and the direction in which the end is peeled off.
  • the nose offset angle ⁇ and the nose deviation angle ⁇ can also be referred to as the angle between the working surface circulation footage (also known as the peeling depth or cutting depth) and the infeed distance;
  • the distance s and the head deviation distance d are referred to as the infeed distance.
  • the first embodiment also relates to the technical efficiency of the technical solution. Based on the above-mentioned coal mining method for rotary mining open-pit coal for use by the fully mechanized mining equipment, the technical efficiency of the present embodiment will be described in detail below.

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Abstract

A coal mining method for rotatably mining coal on an open pit slope using fully-mechanized coal mining equipment, using a fully-mechanized complete set of coal mining equipment for mining coal on an end slope of an open pit coal mine. Said coal mining method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing regional division on an end slope (500), dividing the end slope (500) of a mining area into an end slope rotary entry end (100), an end slope body section coal (200) and an end slope rotary exit end (300); and then, using a fully-mechanized complete set of coal mining equipment to sequentially carry out end slope coal mining on the end slope rotary entry end (100), mining on the end slope body section coal (200) and end slope coal mining on the end slope rotary exit end (300). The coal mining method for rotatably mining coal on an open pit slope using fully-mechanized coal mining equipment provides working processes having strong continuity in time, has strong adaptability to irregular end slopes, has high comprehensive recovery ratio, increases the service life of an open pit coal mine, and also protects and improves the ambient environment, realizing environmentally friendly coal mining for sustainable development.

Description

一种使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法Coal mining method for rotating open-pit side coal by using fully mechanized mining equipment 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及煤矿开采技术领域，具体涉及一种使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，尤其适用于露天煤矿内排土场周边的端帮压煤的开采。The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a coal mining method for rotary mining of open-pit coal for use in fully mechanized mining equipment, in particular to the mining of end-supporting coal around the dumping site in open pit mines.
背景技术Background technique
我国北方的煤矿储量丰富，尤其是山西、内蒙古和陕西等地，小型露天煤矿数量众多，其煤年产量在60万吨至300万吨之间。然而，位于露天采矿场端部的边帮(俗称端帮)，不乏优质的煤资源，由于种种原因，大部分的端帮煤层不得不被放弃。目前只有少数端帮煤采用巷采等方法进行简易回收，或在露天矿闭坑后由相邻的矿井开采。The reserves of coal in the north of China are abundant, especially in Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi. The number of small open pit mines is large, and the annual coal output is between 600,000 and 3 million tons. However, the side gangs (commonly known as end gangs) at the end of the open pit have no shortage of high quality coal resources. For various reasons, most of the end coal seams have to be abandoned. At present, only a few end-support coals are simply recycled by means of lane mining or the like, or are mined by adjacent mines after the open pits are closed.
由于受到开采技术条件的限制，传统的井工开采方式不能有效、完全地回收这些资源，露天开采方式又大幅度增加了开采成本，因而造成先前端帮煤资源的大量浪费。尤其针对近水平或缓倾斜的露天煤矿床，在采掘工作帮和内排土工作帮之间一定时期内暴露的采坑两侧的边帮上(采掘工作帮和内排土工作帮在煤矿开采期间是动态移动的)，在露天煤矿采坑端帮暴露煤层的底部布置采煤设备，采煤设备沿煤层向边帮内开掘并建立端帮工作面，采用一定的开采方法回采端帮煤并将煤炭运送至采坑境界以外，这种采煤方式称为端帮采煤。由于端帮采煤不需要单独进行覆岩层的剥离或采煤场的基建，因此端帮煤的开采成本相对较低。端帮采煤不仅可回收端帮压煤、提高煤资源回采率，还可减少露天煤矿的煤污染，改善了矿区生态环境，具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。Due to the limitation of mining technology conditions, the traditional underground mining method can not effectively and completely recover these resources, and the open-pit mining method has greatly increased the mining cost, thus causing a large waste of the former coal resources. Especially for near-level or gently inclined open-pit coal mines, on the sides of the pits exposed in a certain period of time between the excavation work and the internal excavation work (excavation work and internal excavation work help in coal mining During the period, it is dynamically moved. The coal mining equipment is arranged at the bottom of the exposed coal seam at the open pit of the open pit mine. The coal mining equipment is dig along the coal seam to the side gang and establish the end face. The mining method is used to recover the coal. The coal is transported outside the boundary of the pit. This type of coal mining is called end mining. Since the end coal mining does not require separate stripping of the overburden or the infrastructure of the coal yard, the mining cost of the end coal is relatively low. The end-cap mining coal can not only recover the coal to support the coal, improve the recovery rate of coal resources, but also reduce the coal pollution in the open pit mine, improve the ecological environment of the mining area, and have significant economic and social benefits.
目前的端帮采煤方法包括联合剥采公共端帮压煤法、陡帮回采内排 压脚法、露天螺旋钻机回采法、井工平硐式回采法、露天端帮采煤机回采法等。这些端帮采煤的方法普遍存在生产不连续、剥离和开采成本高等特点，且普遍存在着采煤率低的问题，综合机械化采煤工艺具有很高生产连续性和采煤效率，目前已被应用于常规煤矿的主体煤层的采掘，但还未被应用于端帮采煤中。At present, the end-end coal mining methods include the joint stripping public-end coal-pressing method, the steep-back mining internal pressure-pressing method, the open-air auger mining method, the well-level mining method, and the open-end mining shearer mining method. . These methods for coal mining generally have the characteristics of discontinuous production, high cost of stripping and mining, and the problem of low coal mining rate. The comprehensive mechanized coal mining process has high production continuity and coal mining efficiency. It is applied to the mining of the main coal seam of conventional coal mines, but it has not been applied to the end coal mining.
综合机械化采煤工艺(简称“综采”)，是指破煤、装煤、运煤、支护等主要生产工序全部实现机械化的采煤工艺，是目前广泛应用的最为先进的采煤工艺，采用的设备称为综合机械化采煤成套设备，综合机械化采煤成套设备主要包括采煤机、刮板输送机(俗称溜子)、多个液压支架(简称“三机”)。刮板输送机设置于综采工作面的煤层前壁，通常称为前部运输机，由机头、机身和机尾组成，前部输送机上设置有导轨，溜槽用于将采煤机截割落下的煤体进行输送，可弯曲刮板输送机是综合机械化采煤工作面的主要运输设备，除了运送煤之外，还可作为采煤机械的运行轨道、液压支架移动的支点。采煤机安装于导轨上，采煤机通常为双滚筒采煤机，包括截割装置和牵引装置，截割装置包括设置于采煤机两端部的左右滚筒，滚筒上设置有螺旋叶片，截割装置用于对煤壁进行破煤和割煤，牵引装置两侧设置有滑靴，采煤机底部两侧的滑靴设置于刮板输送机两侧的导轨上，使得采煤机沿刮板输送机纵向左右往返运动。多个液压支架并排设置于刮板输送机的后侧，共同支护形成工作面，液压支架为自移式液压支架，用于支撑和控制工作面的顶板、隔离采空区，以防止矸石进入回采工作面和刮板输送机，同时还能前移和推进工作面刮板输送机，与采煤机、刮板输送机配套使用，实现了落煤、装煤、运煤、支护和放顶回采工艺过程的全部机械化。综合机械化采煤成套设备还包括破碎机和装载机。目前的端帮煤层的综采步骤主要包括：采煤机割煤→移液压支架→推前部输送机。The comprehensive mechanized coal mining process (referred to as “fully mechanized mining”) refers to the coal mining process in which the main production processes such as coal breaking, coal loading, coal transportation and support are all mechanized, and it is the most advanced coal mining technology widely used at present. The equipment used is called comprehensive mechanized coal mining equipment. The comprehensive mechanized coal mining equipment mainly includes coal mining machine, scraper conveyor (commonly known as slipper) and multiple hydraulic supports (referred to as “three machines”). The scraper conveyor is arranged on the front wall of the coal seam of the fully mechanized mining face, usually called the front transporter, consisting of the nose, the fuselage and the tail. The front conveyor is provided with guide rails, and the chute is used to cut the shearer. The falling coal body is transported. The flexible scraper conveyor is the main transportation equipment for the comprehensive mechanized coal mining face. In addition to transporting coal, it can also serve as the fulcrum for the running track of the coal mining machine and the movement of the hydraulic support. The shearer is mounted on a guide rail, and the shearer is usually a double drum shearer, including a cutting device and a traction device. The cutting device comprises left and right rollers disposed at both ends of the shearer, and the drum is provided with spiral blades. The cutting device is used for breaking coal and cutting coal in the coal wall, and sliding shoes are arranged on both sides of the traction device, and the sliding shoes on both sides of the bottom of the coal mining machine are arranged on the guide rails on both sides of the scraper conveyor, so that the shearer is along The scraper conveyor moves back and forth in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of hydraulic supports are arranged side by side on the rear side of the scraper conveyor, and the common support forms a working surface. The hydraulic support is a self-moving hydraulic support for supporting and controlling the top plate of the working surface and the isolation goaf to prevent the meteorite from entering. The working face and the scraper conveyor can be used to move forward and advance the scraper conveyor of the working face, and it can be used together with the coal mining machine and the scraper conveyor to realize the coal falling, coal loading, coal transportation, support and release. Full mechanization of the top recovery process. Integrated mechanized coal mining equipment also includes crushers and loaders. The current fully mechanized mining steps of the end coal seam mainly include: coal mining machine cutting coal → moving hydraulic support → pushing the front conveyor.
由此可见，现有的端帮采煤存在以下问题：(1)现有的端帮采煤设备生产不连续，经常需要设备搬家移面，导致端帮煤炭资源不能被完全开采，降低了煤资源的回采率。(2)综合机械化采煤工艺目前已被应用 于常规煤矿的主体煤层的采掘，但还未被应用于端帮采煤中，综采的高回采率的优势有待在端帮煤开采中得以发挥。It can be seen that the existing end-support coal mining has the following problems: (1) The existing end-end coal mining equipment is not continuous, and it is often necessary to move the equipment to move the surface, resulting in the end-cap coal resources not being completely exploited, reducing coal. The recovery rate of resources. (2) The comprehensive mechanized coal mining technology has been applied to the mining of the main coal seam of conventional coal mines, but it has not been applied to the end mining coal. The advantage of high recovery rate of fully mechanized mining needs to be exploited in the mining of end coal. .
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，用以解决现有露天煤矿中采坑周边的端帮煤开采效率低和回采率低的问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a coal mining method for rotary mining of open-air side coal by using fully mechanized mining equipment, which is used to solve the problem of low efficiency and low recovery rate of end coal mining around the pit in the existing open coal mine.
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案为，提供一种使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，提供露天煤矿采场的端帮，端帮包括端帮旋转驶入端、端帮主体段煤和端帮旋转驶出端，端帮旋转驶入端和端帮旋转驶出端位于端帮主体段煤的两端，采用综合机械化采煤成套设备简称综采设备，该综采设备包括刮板输送机、采煤机和液压支架，采煤机为双滚筒采煤机，其中采煤机靠近机头端的滚筒为机头滚筒，采煤机靠近机尾端的滚筒为机尾滚筒，用于开采露天煤矿的端帮煤，所述采煤方法包括以下步骤：In order to achieve the above object, the technical proposal of the present invention is to provide a coal mining method for rotary mining open-pit coal for use in a fully mechanized mining equipment, and to provide an end gang of an open pit coal mine, the end gang including the end turn rotating end and end The main section of the coal and the end of the rotation of the exit end, the end of the rotating drive end and the end of the rotating drive out of the end of the end of the main section of the coal at both ends, the use of comprehensive mechanized coal mining equipment referred to as comprehensive mining equipment, the comprehensive mining The equipment includes a scraper conveyor, a shearer and a hydraulic support. The shearer is a double drum shearer. The drum near the head of the shearer is the head drum, and the drum near the tail end of the shearer is the tail drum. The end coal used for mining open pit mines, the coal mining method comprising the following steps:
a.将端帮的进行区域划分，将采场的端帮划分为端帮旋转驶入端、端帮主体段煤和端帮旋转驶出端，其中，所述端帮旋转驶入端和所述端帮旋转驶出端位于所述端帮主体段煤的两端；a. dividing the end gang into sections, dividing the end gang of the stope into an end turn rotating end, an end gang main section coal and an end turn rotating end, wherein the end turn rotates into the end and the end The end of the rotating end is located at both ends of the end section of the coal;
b.采用综合机械化采煤成套设备从先到后次序依次开展端帮旋转驶入端端煤开采、端帮主体段煤开采和端帮旋转驶出端端煤开采，其中，所述端帮旋转驶入端的几何形状为旋转平面绕着旋转轴旋转90度形成的四分之一圆柱体，所述端帮主体段煤的几何形状为一长方体。b. Using the comprehensive mechanized coal mining equipment to carry out the end-to-end rotation into the end-end coal mining, the end-part main section coal mining and the end-to-end rotation out of the end coal mining, wherein the end turn rotates The geometry of the driving end is a quarter cylinder formed by rotating the plane of rotation about the rotation axis by 90 degrees, and the geometry of the end section body coal is a rectangular parallelepiped.
进一步地，所述端帮旋转驶入端端煤开采的方法包括以下步骤：Further, the method for rotating the end turn to the end coal mining comprises the following steps:
步骤S101：在采场的煤层底板上沿端帮煤壁布置综采设备，采煤机自行截割出支护断面；Step S101: Arranging fully mechanized mining equipment along the end coal wall on the coal seam floor of the stope, and the shearer cutting the support section by itself;
步骤S102：抬高机尾滚筒，降低机头滚筒，采煤机从端帮旋转驶入端第一机头起点向端帮旋转驶入端第一机尾终点沿直线割煤，同时移动 液压支架，将刮板输送机的机头和机身从机头端向机尾端依次推向煤壁，采煤机到达机尾端后，机尾滚筒继续割煤，直至割透机尾端附近的煤壁，然后降低机尾滚筒割机尾端的底煤；Step S102: Raising the tail drum of the machine and lowering the head drum, the shearer rotates from the end of the first head to the end of the first head, and the end of the first end of the driving end rotates the coal along the straight line while moving the hydraulic support. The head and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are pushed from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn, and after the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues to cut coal until the tail end of the cutter Coal wall, and then reduce the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
步骤S103：抬高机头滚筒，朝向机头端以逐渐增大的机头偏移角向煤壁斜切进刀割煤，行径逐渐增大的机头偏移距离到达端帮旋转驶入端第一斜切段末端，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身推向煤壁；Step S103: Raise the head roller, and cut the coal into the coal wall obliquely with the gradually increasing head offset angle toward the head end, and the moving head offset distance gradually reaches the end turn rotation driving end At the end of the first beveled section, the hydraulic support is simultaneously moved to push the tail of the scraper conveyor and the fuselage toward the coal wall;
步骤S104：降低机头滚筒，抬高机尾滚筒，采煤机背离机头端以逐渐减小的机头背离角向煤壁斜切进刀割煤，行径逐渐增大的机头背离距离到达端帮旋转驶入端第二斜切段末端，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身推向煤壁；Step S104: lowering the head roller, raising the tail drum, and the shearer is away from the head end with a gradually decreasing head deviation angle to the coal wall obliquely cutting into the knife to cut coal, and the head with the gradually increasing diameter reaches the distance The end turn rotates into the end of the second beveled section of the end, and simultaneously moves the hydraulic bracket to push the tail of the scraper conveyor and the fuselage toward the coal wall;
步骤S105：重复步骤S103和步骤104，直至采煤机从端帮旋转驶入端结束机尾点割煤回到端帮旋转驶入端第一机头起点，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身从机尾端向机头端依次推向煤壁，采煤机的割煤路径完成一个闭合的循环；Step S105: Steps S103 and 104 are repeated until the shearer rotates from the end to the end of the end of the machine to cut the coal back to the end of the first head of the end of the rotary drive, while moving the hydraulic support to transport the scraper The tail and fuselage of the machine are pushed from the tail end of the machine to the coal wall in turn, and the coal cutting path of the shearer completes a closed cycle;
步骤S106：重复步骤S102至步骤S105，直至刮板输送机的机尾旋转偏离最初位置的90度，刮板输送机垂直端帮剥离方向，刮板输送机刚好到达端帮主体段煤。Step S106: Steps S102 to S105 are repeated until the tail rotation of the squeegee conveyor deviates from the initial position by 90 degrees, the vertical end of the squeegee conveyor is stripped, and the squeegee conveyor just reaches the end section main coal.
进一步地，所述端帮主体段煤开采的方法包括以下步骤：Further, the method for mining the end section main body coal includes the following steps:
步骤S201：抬高机尾滚筒，降低机头滚筒，采煤机从端帮主体段煤第一机头起点向端帮主体段煤第一机尾终点沿垂直于煤层剥离方向直线割煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机头和机身从机头端向机尾端依次推向煤壁，采煤机到达机尾端后，机尾滚筒继续割煤，直至割透机尾端附近的煤壁，然后降低机尾滚筒割机尾端的底煤；Step S201: Raising the tail drum of the machine and lowering the head drum, the coal mining machine cuts the coal straight from the starting point of the first head of the main section of the end body to the end of the first end of the main section of the coal, and perpendicularly to the stripping direction of the coal seam. Move the hydraulic support, push the nose and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor from the head end to the tail end of the machine to the coal wall. After the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues to cut coal until the tail is cut. The coal wall near the end, and then reduce the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
步骤S202：抬高机头滚筒，于距离机尾25m至40m处利用机头滚筒朝向机头端斜切进刀割煤，直至到达端帮主体段煤第一斜切段末端；Step S202: Raising the head roller, and cutting the coal by the head roller toward the head end from 25m to 40m at the distance from the tail of the machine until reaching the end of the first chamfer section of the main section of the end gang;
步骤S203：降低机头滚筒，抬高机尾滚筒，机尾滚筒割透机尾端附近的煤壁，到达端帮主体段煤第二机尾终点，降低机尾滚筒割机尾端的 底煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾推向煤壁；Step S203: lowering the head roller, raising the tail roller, the coal wall near the tail end of the tail roller cutting machine, reaching the end point of the second tail end of the main section of the end gang, and reducing the bottom coal of the tail end of the tail roller cutting machine, Simultaneously moving the hydraulic support to push the tail of the scraper conveyor to the coal wall;
步骤S204：抬高机头滚筒，降低机尾滚筒，采煤机从机尾端驶向机头端割煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身从机尾端向机头端依次推向煤壁，直至采煤机到达端帮主体段煤第二机头端；Step S204: Raising the head roller and lowering the tail drum, the shearer drives the coal from the tail end to the head end, and moves the hydraulic bracket to move the tail and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor from the tail end of the machine The head end is pushed to the coal wall in turn until the shearer reaches the second head end of the main section of the end gang;
步骤S205：抬高机尾滚筒，降低机头滚筒，于距离机头25m至40m处利用机尾滚筒朝向机尾端斜切进刀割煤，直至到达端帮主体段煤第二斜切段末端；Step S205: Raising the tail roller and lowering the nose roller, and cutting the coal with the tail roller toward the tail end of the machine at a distance of 25m to 40m from the machine head until reaching the end of the second oblique section of the main body section of the end gang. ;
步骤S206：抬高机头滚筒，降低机尾滚筒，机头滚筒割透机头端附近的煤壁，到达端帮主体段煤第三机头终点，降低机头滚筒割机头端的底煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机头推向煤壁，完成一个工艺循环；Step S206: raising the head roller, lowering the tail roller, and cutting the coal wall near the head end of the head roller, reaching the end point of the third head of the main body of the end gang, and reducing the bottom coal of the head end of the head roller cutting machine, At the same time, the hydraulic support is moved to push the head of the scraper conveyor to the coal wall to complete a process cycle;
步骤S207：重复步骤S201至步骤S206，直至刮板输送机到达端帮旋转驶出端。Step S207: Steps S201 to S206 are repeated until the squeegee conveyor reaches the end turn rotation end.
进一步地，所述端帮旋转驶出端端煤开采方法包括以下步骤：Further, the method for mining the end-to-end rotary exit end coal comprises the following steps:
步骤S301：抬高机尾滚筒，降低机头滚筒，采煤机从端帮旋转驶出端第一机头起点向端帮旋转驶出端第一机尾终点沿垂直于煤层剥离方向直线割煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机头和机身从机头端向机尾端依次推向煤壁，采煤机到达机尾端后，机尾滚筒继续割煤，直至割透机尾端附近的煤壁，然后降低机尾滚筒割机尾端的底煤；Step S301: Raising the tail drum and lowering the head drum, and the shearer rotates from the end of the first head to the end of the first head, and the end of the first end of the rotary end of the first end is cut perpendicularly to the coal stripping direction. At the same time, the hydraulic support is moved, and the head and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are pushed from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn, and after the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues to cut coal until it is cut through. The coal wall near the end of the machine, and then reduce the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
步骤S302：抬高机头滚筒，机头滚筒朝向机头端以逐渐增大的机头偏移角向煤壁斜切进刀割煤，行径逐渐增大的机头偏移距离到达端帮旋转驶出端第一斜切段末端，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身从机尾端向机头端依次推向煤壁；Step S302: Raising the head roller, the head roller is inclined toward the coal head toward the head end to cut the coal into the coal wall, and the moving distance of the head is gradually increased to reach the end rotation. At the end of the first beveling section of the exit end, the hydraulic support is moved, and the tail and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are sequentially pushed from the tail end of the scraper to the head end toward the coal wall;
步骤S303：降低机头滚筒，抬高机尾滚筒，采煤机背离机头端以逐渐减小的机头背离角向煤壁斜切进刀割煤，行径逐渐增大的机头背离距离到达端帮旋转驶出端第二斜切段末端，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机身和机尾从机头端向机尾端依次推向煤壁；Step S303: lowering the head roller and raising the tail roller, and the shearer is away from the head end with a gradually decreasing head deviation angle to the coal wall obliquely cutting into the knife to cut coal, and the head with the gradually increasing diameter reaches the distance The end turn rotates the end of the second beveling section of the exit end, and simultaneously moves the hydraulic bracket to push the fuselage and the tail of the scraper conveyor from the head end to the tail end of the machine to the coal wall in turn;
步骤S304：重复步骤S302和步骤303，直至采煤机从端帮旋转驶出 端结束机尾点割煤回到端帮旋转驶出端第一机头起点，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身从机尾端向机头端依次推向煤壁，采煤机的割煤路径完成一个闭合的循环；Step S304: Steps S302 and 303 are repeated until the shearer cuts the coal from the end of the end of the end and cuts the coal back to the starting point of the first head of the rotating end of the end, while moving the hydraulic support to transport the scraper The tail and fuselage of the machine are pushed from the tail end of the machine to the coal wall in turn, and the coal cutting path of the shearer completes a closed cycle;
步骤S305：重复步骤S301至步骤S304，直至刮板输送机的机尾旋转驶出端帮旋转驶出端。Step S305: Steps S301 to S304 are repeated until the tail end of the scraper conveyor rotates out of the end to rotate the exit end.
优选地，所述端帮旋转驶入端端煤开采、所述端帮主体段煤开采和所述端帮旋转驶出端端煤开采在时序上是连续的。Preferably, the end turn rotation into the end coal mining, the end section main section coal mining and the end turn rotation out end coal mining are sequential in time.
优选地，所述端帮旋转驶出端的几何形状为旋转平面绕着旋转轴旋转90度形成的四分之一圆柱体，且所述端帮旋转驶入端的旋转轴和所述端帮旋转驶出端的旋转轴位于所述端帮主体段煤的同侧。Preferably, the geometry of the end turn rotation exit end is a quarter cylinder formed by rotating the rotation plane 90 degrees around the rotation axis, and the end shaft rotates the rotation end of the drive end and the end turn rotates The rotating shaft of the outlet end is located on the same side of the coal of the end body section.
优选地，所述步骤S102至所述步骤S106，所述机头保持不移动，所述机尾围绕机头旋转。Preferably, in the step S102 to the step S106, the handpiece does not move, and the tail rotates around the nose.
优选地，所述步骤S301至所述步骤S305，所述机头保持不移动，所述机尾围绕机头旋转。Preferably, in step S301 to step S305, the handpiece remains unmoved, and the tail rotates around the nose.
优选地，采煤机在所述端帮旋转驶入端和所述端帮旋转驶出端的采煤行径路径均为锯齿形。Preferably, the coal mining path of the shearer at the end turn rotation end and the end turn rotation end is zigzag.
本发明具有如下优点：The invention has the following advantages:
(1)本发明涉及的使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，采煤设备驶入端帮后，由于端帮旋转驶入端端煤开采、端帮主体段煤开采和端帮旋转驶出端端煤开采的在时序上是连续性，无需中断采煤作业，采煤的时序连续性强，因此整套设备机尾端在端帮内行驶成U形路径后驶出，避免了井工综采工艺端头的支护时间，采煤效率高，煤炭的生产能力大。(1) The present invention relates to a coal mining method for rotary mining of open-pit coals using fully mechanized mining equipment. After the coal mining equipment is driven into the end, the coal is driven by the end turn and the coal is mined at the end section. The rotation of the end-end coal mining is continuous in time series, without interrupting the coal mining operation, and the coal mining has a strong sequence continuity. Therefore, the tail end of the whole equipment machine is driven into a U-shaped path in the end gang and then exits, avoiding The support time of the well-drilling fully mechanized mining process end, the coal mining efficiency is high, and the coal production capacity is large.
(2)本发明涉及的使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，由于机头保持不移动，只是机尾围绕机头旋转，对综采工作面的煤层前壁的移动空间要求小，采煤设备沿煤壁安装完毕，就具备推进条件，当遇到对不规则端帮时，可以任意向旋转灵活地避让，不需要搬家移面，可沿不规则端帮进行持续推进，对不规则端帮适应性强。(2) The coal mining method according to the present invention for using the fully mechanized mining equipment to rotate the open-face side coal, because the nose does not move, only the tail rotates around the nose, and the moving space requirement of the coal seam front wall of the fully mechanized mining face Small, the coal mining equipment is installed along the coal wall, and it has the propulsion conditions. When it encounters the irregular end, it can be arbitrarily rotated to avoid it. It does not need to move the surface, and it can continue to advance along the irregular end. Adapt to the irregular end.
(3)本发明涉及的使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，大幅度提高了生产效率和综合回采率，提高了露天煤矿的服务年限，提高了资源回收率，保护和改善环境，实现煤矿绿色环保开采和可持续发展。(3) The coal mining method for rotary mining of open-pit coal for use in fully mechanized mining equipment according to the present invention greatly improves production efficiency and comprehensive recovery rate, improves service life of open pit mine, improves resource recovery rate, protects and improves Environment to achieve green mining and sustainable development of coal mines.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为实施例1提供的端帮的区域划分示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the area division of the end gang provided in Embodiment 1.
图2为实施例1提供的采煤机采煤路径示意图。2 is a schematic view of a coal mining machine coal mining path provided in Embodiment 1.
图3为实施例1提供的端帮旋转驶入端采煤机采煤循环路径详图。Figure 3 is a detailed view of the coal mining cycle path of the end-spinning drive-in end shearer provided in the first embodiment.
图4为实施例1提供的端帮主体段煤采煤机采煤循环路径详图。4 is a detailed view of a coal mining cycle path of the end coal main coal mining machine provided in the first embodiment.
图5为实施例1提供的端帮旋转驶出端采煤循环路径详图。Fig. 5 is a detailed view of the coal circulation cycle of the end turn rotating end provided by the first embodiment.
附图标记说明：500-采场的端帮；100-端帮旋转驶入端；200-端帮主体段煤；300-端帮旋转驶出端；400-采场的煤层底板；A-刮板输送机机头端；B、B’-刮板输送机机尾端；α-机头偏移角；β-机头背离角；s-机头偏移距离；d-机头背离距离。DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS: 500-end end of the stope; 100-end swivel drive end; 200-end main body section coal; 300-end swivel drive end; 400-mining coal seam floor; A-scraping Plate conveyor head; B, B'-scraper conveyor tail; α-head offset angle; β-head deviation angle; s-head offset distance; d- nose deviation distance.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例1提供一种使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，提供露天煤矿采场的端帮，端帮包括端帮旋转驶入端、端帮主体段煤和端帮旋转驶出端，端帮旋转驶入端和端帮旋转驶出端位于端帮主体段煤的两端，采用综合机械化采煤成套设备简称综采设备，该综采设备包括SGZ1000/1050型刮板输送机、MG300/700-WD型双滚筒采煤机和ZY7200/20/40型液压支架，采煤机靠近机头端的滚筒为机头滚筒，采煤机靠近机尾端的滚筒为机尾滚筒，该采煤方法包括以下步骤：The first embodiment provides a coal mining method for rotating open-pit coal for use in a fully mechanized mining equipment, and provides an end gang of an open pit coal mine, the end gang includes an end turn rotating end, an end gang main section coal and an end turn At the exit end, the rotary end of the end turn and the end of the end turn are located at the two ends of the main section of the coal, and the integrated mechanized coal mining equipment is referred to as the fully mechanized mining equipment, and the comprehensive mining equipment includes the SGZ1000/1050 type scraper. Conveyor, MG300/700-WD double drum shearer and ZY7200/20/40 hydraulic support, the drum near the head of the shearer is the head drum, and the drum near the tail end of the shearer is the tail drum. The coal mining method comprises the following steps:
一、端帮的区域划分：First, the area division of the end help:
将采场的端帮500按照几何特征划分为端帮旋转驶入端100、端帮主 体段煤200和端帮旋转驶出端300，端帮旋转驶入端100和端帮旋转驶出端300位于端帮主体段煤200的两端；The end piece 500 of the stope is divided into an end turn rotating end 100, an end main body section coal 200 and an end turn rotating end 300 according to geometric features, the end turn rotating end 100 and the end turn rotating end 300 Located at both ends of the end section main section coal 200;
二、端帮旋转驶入端煤的开采：Second, the end of the rotation to the end of the coal mining:
步骤S101：在采场的煤层底板400上沿端帮煤壁布置综采设备，采煤机自行截割出支护断面；Step S101: Arranging fully mechanized mining equipment along the end coal wall on the coal seam floor 400 of the stope, and the shearer cutting the support section by itself;
步骤S102：抬高机尾滚筒，降低机头滚筒，采煤机从端帮旋转驶入端第一机头起点1向端帮旋转驶入端第一机尾终点2沿直线割煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机头和机身从机头端向机尾端依次推向煤壁，采煤机到达机尾端厚，机尾滚筒继续割煤，直至割透机尾端附近的煤壁，然后降低机尾滚筒割机尾端的底煤；Step S102: Raising the tail drum and lowering the head drum, the shearer rotates from the end to the first head of the first head, and the end of the first head is rotated to the end of the first end. The hydraulic support pushes the nose and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn, and the shearer reaches the end of the machine, and the tail drum continues to cut coal until the end of the cutter Near the coal wall, and then reduce the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
步骤S103：抬高机头滚筒，朝向机头端以逐渐增大的机头偏移角α向煤壁斜切进刀割煤，行径逐渐增大的机头偏移距离s到达端帮旋转驶入端第一斜切段末端3，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身推向煤壁；Step S103: Raise the head roller, and cut the coal into the coal wall with the gradually increasing head offset angle α toward the head end, and the moving head gradually increasing the distance s of the head to the end to rotate At the end of the first chamfered section end 3, while moving the hydraulic support, pushing the tail of the scraper conveyor and the fuselage to the coal wall;
步骤S104：降低机头滚筒，抬高机尾滚筒，采煤机背离机头端以逐渐减小的机头背离角β向煤壁斜切进刀割煤，行径逐渐增大的机头背离距离d到达端帮旋转驶入端第二斜切段末端4，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身推向煤壁；Step S104: lowering the head drum, raising the tail drum, and the shearer is away from the head end with a gradually decreasing nose deviation angle β to the coal wall obliquely cutting the coal, and the moving distance of the head is gradually increased d arrives at the end to rotate the end of the second beveled section 4, while moving the hydraulic support to push the tail of the scraper conveyor and the fuselage to the coal wall;
步骤S105：重复步骤S103和步骤104，直至采煤机从端帮旋转驶入端结束机尾点5割煤回到端帮旋转驶入端第一机头起点1，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身从机尾端向机头端依次推向煤壁，采煤机的割煤路径完成一个闭合的循环；Step S105: Steps S103 and 104 are repeated until the shearer rotates from the end to the end of the end of the machine to cut the coal back to the end of the first head starting point 1 while rotating the hydraulic support, which will scrape The tail and the fuselage of the plate conveyor are pushed from the tail end of the plate to the coal wall in turn, and the coal cutting path of the coal mining machine completes a closed cycle;
步骤S106：重复步骤S102至步骤S105，直至刮板输送机的机尾旋转偏离最初位置的90度，刮板输送机垂直端帮剥离方向，刮板输送机刚好到达端帮主体段煤。Step S106: Steps S102 to S105 are repeated until the tail rotation of the squeegee conveyor deviates from the initial position by 90 degrees, the vertical end of the squeegee conveyor is stripped, and the squeegee conveyor just reaches the end section main coal.
三、端帮主体段煤的开采Third, the end of the main section of coal mining
步骤S201：抬高机尾滚筒，降低机头滚筒，采煤机从端帮主体段煤第一机头起点6向端帮主体段煤第一机尾终点7沿垂直于煤层剥离方向 的直线割煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机头和机身从机头端向机尾端依次推向煤壁，采煤机到达机尾端后，机尾滚筒继续割煤，直至割透机尾端附近的煤壁，然后降低机尾滚筒割机尾端的底煤；Step S201: Raising the tail drum of the machine and lowering the head drum, the shearer cuts from the starting point 6 of the first head of the main section of the coal to the end of the first end of the main section of the coal. Coal, while moving the hydraulic support, the head and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are pushed from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn, and after the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues to cut coal until cutting Through the coal wall near the tail end of the machine, and then reduce the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
步骤S202：抬高机头滚筒，于距离机尾15m至25m处利用机头滚筒朝向机头端斜切进刀割煤，直至到达端帮主体段煤第一斜切段末端8；Step S202: Raising the head roller, and cutting the coal by the nose roller toward the head end from 15m to 25m from the tail of the machine until reaching the end 8 of the first chamfer section of the main body section of the end gang;
步骤S203：降低机头滚筒，抬高机尾滚筒，机尾滚筒割透机尾端附近的煤壁，到达端帮主体段煤第二机尾终点9，降低机尾滚筒割机尾端的底煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾推向煤壁；Step S203: lowering the head roller, raising the tail roller, the coal wall near the tail end of the tail roller cutting machine, reaching the end point 9 of the second tail end of the main body section of the end, reducing the bottom coal of the tail end of the tail roller cutting machine At the same time, the hydraulic support is moved to push the tail of the scraper conveyor to the coal wall;
步骤S204：抬高机头滚筒，降低机尾滚筒，采煤机从机尾端驶向机头端割煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身从机尾端向机头端依次推向煤壁，直至采煤机到达端帮主体段煤第二机头端10；Step S204: Raising the head roller and lowering the tail drum, the shearer drives the coal from the tail end to the head end, and moves the hydraulic bracket to move the tail and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor from the tail end of the machine The head end is pushed to the coal wall in turn until the shearer reaches the second head end 10 of the main section of the end gang;
步骤S205：抬高机尾滚筒，降低机头滚筒，于距离机尾15m至25m处机尾滚筒朝向机尾端斜切进刀割煤，直至到达端帮主体段煤第二斜切段末端11；Step S205: Raising the tail roller and lowering the nose roller, and cutting the coal from the tail roller toward the tail end of the machine at a distance of 15m to 25m from the tail of the machine until reaching the end of the second oblique section of the end section main coal ;
步骤S206：抬高机头滚筒，降低机尾滚筒，机头滚筒割透机头端附近的煤壁，到达端帮主体段煤第三机头终点12，降低机头滚筒割机头端的底煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机头推向煤壁，完成一个工艺循环；Step S206: raising the head roller, lowering the tail roller, the coal wall near the head end of the head roller cutting machine, reaching the end point 12 of the third head of the end main body section, and reducing the bottom coal of the head end of the head roller cutting machine At the same time, the hydraulic support is moved to push the head of the scraper conveyor to the coal wall to complete a process cycle;
步骤S207：重复步骤S201至步骤S206，直至刮板输送机到达端帮旋转驶出端。Step S207: Steps S201 to S206 are repeated until the squeegee conveyor reaches the end turn rotation end.
四、端帮旋转驶出端的煤的开采4. Mining of coal at the end of the rotating end
步骤S301：抬高机尾滚筒，降低机头滚筒，采煤机从端帮旋转驶出端第一机头起点14向端帮旋转驶出端第一机尾终点15沿垂直于煤层剥离方向的直线割煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机头和机身从机头端向机尾端依次推向煤壁，采煤机到达机尾端后，机尾滚筒继续割煤，直至割透机尾端附近的煤壁，然后降低机尾滚筒割机尾端的底煤；Step S301: Raising the tail drum and lowering the head drum. The shearer rotates from the end to the first head starting point 14 to the end to rotate the exit end of the first tail end 15 along the direction perpendicular to the coal seam stripping direction The coal is cut in a straight line, and the hydraulic support is moved at the same time. The head and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are pushed from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn, and after the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues to cut coal. Until the coal wall near the tail end of the cutter, and then reduce the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
步骤S302：抬高机头滚筒，机头滚筒朝向机头端以逐渐增大的机头偏移角α向煤壁斜切进刀割煤，行径逐渐增大的机头偏移距离s到达端 帮旋转驶出端第一斜切段末端16，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身从机尾端向机头端依次推向煤壁；Step S302: Raising the head roller, the head roller toward the head end is inclined to the coal wall with a gradually increasing head offset angle α, and the head offset distance s reaches the end. Assisting the end of the first beveling section 16 of the rotating exit end, and simultaneously moving the hydraulic support, pushing the tail of the scraper conveyor and the fuselage from the tail end of the scraper to the head end of the machine head in turn;
步骤S303：降低机头滚筒，抬高机尾滚筒，采煤机背离机头端以逐渐减小的机头背离角β向煤壁斜切进刀割煤，行径逐渐增大的机头背离距离d到达端帮旋转驶出端第二斜切段末端17，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机身和机尾从机头端向机尾端依次推向煤壁；Step S303: lowering the head roller and raising the tail roller, and the shearer is away from the head end with a gradually decreasing nose deviation angle β to the coal wall obliquely cutting into the knife to cut coal, and the moving distance of the head is gradually increased d reaches the end of the second beveling end 17 of the rotating end of the end, while moving the hydraulic support, pushing the fuselage and the tail of the scraper conveyor from the head end to the tail end of the machine to the coal wall;
步骤S304：重复步骤S302和步骤303，直至采煤机从端帮旋转驶出端结束机尾点18割煤回到端帮旋转驶出端第一机头起点14，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身从机尾端向机头端依次推向煤壁，采煤机的割煤路径完成一个闭合的循环；Step S304: Steps S302 and 303 are repeated until the shearer rotates the exit end from the end turn to end the tail point 18 and cuts the coal back to the first head starting point 14 of the end turn rotation end, while moving the hydraulic support, the scraper will be scraped The tail and the fuselage of the plate conveyor are pushed from the tail end of the plate to the coal wall in turn, and the coal cutting path of the coal mining machine completes a closed cycle;
步骤S305：重复步骤S301至步骤S304，直至刮板输送机的机尾旋转驶出端帮旋转驶出端300。Step S305: Steps S301 to S304 are repeated until the tail end of the squeegee conveyor rotates out of the end to rotate the exit end 300.
优选地，端帮旋转驶入端端煤开采、端帮主体段煤开采和端帮旋转驶出端端煤开采在时序上是连续的。Preferably, the end turn rotation into the end end coal mining, the end section main section coal mining and the end turn rotation out end coal mining are sequential in time.
优选地，端帮旋转驶出端300的几何形状为旋转平面绕着旋转轴旋转90度形成的四分之一圆柱体，且端帮旋转驶入端100的旋转轴和端帮旋转驶出端300的旋转轴位于端帮主体段煤200的同侧。Preferably, the geometry of the end turn rotation end 300 is a quarter cylinder formed by the rotation plane rotating 90 degrees around the rotation axis, and the end turn rotates the rotation axis of the end 100 and the end rotation rotation end The axis of rotation of 300 is located on the same side of the end section main section coal 200.
优选地，步骤S102至步骤S106，机头保持不移动，机尾围绕机头旋转。Preferably, in step S102 to step S106, the nose remains unmoved, and the tail rotates around the nose.
优选地，步骤S301至步骤S305，机头保持不移动，机尾围绕机头旋转。Preferably, in step S301 to step S305, the nose remains unmoved, and the tail rotates around the nose.
优选地，采煤机在端帮旋转驶入端100和端帮旋转驶出端300的采煤行径路径均为锯齿形。Preferably, the coal mining machine path of the shearer at the end turn rotating end 100 and the end turn rotating end 300 is zigzag.
需要说明的是，以上实施例提及的机头偏移角α指的是采煤机的斜切进刀方向与端帮剥离方向的夹角；机头背离角β指的是采煤机的斜切进刀方向与端帮剥离方向的夹角。按照采煤行业术语，机头偏移角α和机头背离角β也可被称为为工作面循环进尺(又称剥离深度或截割深度)与进刀距离之间夹角；机头偏移距离s和机头背离距离d被称为进刀距 离。It should be noted that the nose offset angle α mentioned in the above embodiment refers to the angle between the oblique cutting direction of the shearer and the direction of the end detachment; the nose deviation angle β refers to the shearer The angle between the oblique cutting direction and the direction in which the end is peeled off. According to the terminology of the coal mining industry, the nose offset angle α and the nose deviation angle β can also be referred to as the angle between the working surface circulation footage (also known as the peeling depth or cutting depth) and the infeed distance; The distance s and the head deviation distance d are referred to as the infeed distance.
本实施例1还涉及该技术方案的技术效率，基于上述使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，下面对本实施例的技术效率进行详细描述。The first embodiment also relates to the technical efficiency of the technical solution. Based on the above-mentioned coal mining method for rotary mining open-pit coal for use by the fully mechanized mining equipment, the technical efficiency of the present embodiment will be described in detail below.
假设工作面长度为100m，推进长度为500m，煤厚为hm，则该采煤方法的综合回收率Φ＝(100*100*π*1/4*h*2+100*300*h)/(100*500*h)＝91.4％。Assuming a working face length of 100m, a propulsion length of 500m, and a coal thickness of hm, the comprehensive recovery rate of the coal mining method is Φ=(100*100*π*1/4*h*2+100*300*h)/ (100*500*h)=91.4%.
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之做一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

  1. 一种使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，采用综合机械化采煤成套设备，用于开采露天煤矿的端帮煤，该综采设备包括刮板输送机、采煤机和液压支架，其特征在于，所述采煤方法包括以下步骤：The utility model relates to a coal mining method for using a fully mechanized mining equipment for rotary mining of open-air side coal, and a comprehensive mechanized coal mining complete equipment for mining end coal of open pit mine, the comprehensive mining equipment comprises a scraper conveyor, a shearer and a hydraulic machine A bracket, characterized in that the coal mining method comprises the following steps:
    a.将采场的端帮(500)划分为端帮旋转驶入端(100)、端帮主体段煤(200)和端帮旋转驶出端(300)，其中，所述端帮旋转驶入端(300)和所述端帮旋转驶出端(300)位于所述端帮主体段煤(200)的两端；a. The end gang (500) of the stop is divided into an end turn rotating end (100), an end main body section coal (200) and an end turn rotating end (300), wherein the end turn rotates The inlet end (300) and the end turn rotating end (300) are located at both ends of the end body main section coal (200);
    b.采用综合机械化采煤成套设备从先到后依次开展端帮旋转驶入端端煤开采、端帮主体段煤开采和端帮旋转驶出端端煤开采，其中，所述端帮旋转驶入端(100)的几何形状为旋转平面绕着旋转轴旋转90度形成的四分之一圆柱体，所述端帮主体段煤(200)的几何形状为一长方体。b. Using the comprehensive mechanized coal mining equipment to carry out the end-to-end rotation into the end-end coal mining, the end-part main section coal mining and the end-turn rotation out of the end coal mining, wherein the end turn rotates The geometry of the inlet end (100) is a quarter cylinder formed by rotating the plane of rotation about the axis of rotation by 90 degrees. The geometry of the end section body section coal (200) is a rectangular parallelepiped.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，其特征在于，所述采煤机为双滚筒采煤机，其中采煤机靠近机头端的滚筒为机头滚筒，采煤机靠近机尾端的滚筒为机尾滚筒，所述端帮旋转驶入端端煤开采的方法包括以下步骤：The coal mining method for rotaryly exploiting open-air side coal using the fully mechanized mining equipment according to claim 1, wherein the shearer is a double drum shearer, wherein the drum of the shearer near the head end is a machine head The drum, the drum of the shearer near the tail end of the machine is a tail drum, and the method for rotating the end-to-end end of the coal mining comprises the following steps:
    步骤S101：在采场的煤层底板(400)上沿端帮煤壁布置综采设备，采煤机自行截割出支护断面；Step S101: Arranging fully mechanized mining equipment along the end coal wall on the coal seam floor (400) of the stope, and the shearer cutting the support section by itself;
    步骤S102：抬高机尾滚筒，降低机头滚筒，采煤机从端帮旋转驶入端第一机头起点(1)向端帮旋转驶入端第一机尾终点(2)沿直线割煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机头和机身从机头端向机尾端依次推向煤壁，采煤机到达机尾端后，机尾滚筒继续割煤，直至割透机尾端附近的煤壁，然后降低机尾滚筒割机尾端的底煤；Step S102: Raising the tail drum and lowering the head drum. The shearer rotates from the end to the first end of the first head (1) to the end and rotates to the end of the first end (2) along the straight line Coal, while moving the hydraulic support, the head and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are pushed from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn, and after the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues to cut coal until cutting Through the coal wall near the tail end of the machine, and then reduce the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
    步骤S103：抬高机头滚筒，朝向机头端以逐渐增大的机头偏移角向煤壁斜切进刀割煤，行径逐渐增大的机头偏移距离到达端帮旋转驶入端第一斜切段末端(3)，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身 推向煤壁；Step S103: Raise the head roller, and cut the coal into the coal wall obliquely with the gradually increasing head offset angle toward the head end, and the moving head offset distance gradually reaches the end turn rotation driving end The end of the first beveled section (3), while moving the hydraulic support, pushing the tail of the scraper conveyor and the fuselage to the coal wall;
    步骤S104：降低机头滚筒，抬高机尾滚筒，采煤机背离机头端以逐渐减小的机头背离角向煤壁斜切进刀割煤，行径逐渐增大的机头背离距离到达端帮旋转驶入端第二斜切段末端(4)，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身推向煤壁；Step S104: lowering the head roller, raising the tail drum, and the shearer is away from the head end with a gradually decreasing head deviation angle to the coal wall obliquely cutting into the knife to cut coal, and the head with the gradually increasing diameter reaches the distance The end turn rotates into the end of the second beveled section (4), and simultaneously moves the hydraulic bracket to push the tail of the scraper conveyor and the fuselage toward the coal wall;
    步骤S105：重复步骤S103和步骤104，直至采煤机从端帮旋转驶入端结束机尾点(5)割煤回到端帮旋转驶入端第一机头起点(1)，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身从机尾端向机头端依次推向煤壁，采煤机的割煤路径完成一个闭合的循环；Step S105: Steps S103 and 104 are repeated until the shearer rotates from the end to the end of the end of the machine (5) to cut the coal back to the end of the first head starting point (1), while moving the hydraulic pressure The bracket pushes the tail and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor from the tail end of the scraper to the coal wall in turn, and the coal cutting path of the shearer completes a closed cycle;
    步骤S106：重复步骤S102至步骤S105，直至刮板输送机的机尾旋转偏离最初位置的90度，刮板输送机垂直端帮剥离方向，刮板输送机刚好到达端帮主体段煤。Step S106: Steps S102 to S105 are repeated until the tail rotation of the squeegee conveyor deviates from the initial position by 90 degrees, the vertical end of the squeegee conveyor is stripped, and the squeegee conveyor just reaches the end section main coal.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，其特征在于，所述采煤机为双滚筒采煤机，其中采煤机靠近机头端的滚筒为机头滚筒，采煤机靠近机尾端的滚筒为机尾滚筒，所述端帮主体段煤开采的方法包括以下步骤：The coal mining method for rotaryly exploiting open-air side coal using the fully mechanized mining equipment according to claim 1, wherein the shearer is a double drum shearer, wherein the drum of the shearer near the head end is a machine head The drum, the drum near the tail end of the shearer is a tail drum, and the method for mining the core section of the end body includes the following steps:
    步骤S201：抬高机尾滚筒，降低机头滚筒，采煤机从端帮主体段煤第一机头起点(6)向端帮主体段煤第一机尾终点(7)沿垂直于煤层剥离方向直线割煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机头和机身从机头端向机尾端依次推向煤壁，采煤机到达机尾端后，机尾滚筒继续割煤，直至割透机尾端附近的煤壁，然后降低机尾滚筒割机尾端的底煤；Step S201: Raising the tail drum of the machine and lowering the head drum, the shearer is stripped from the starting point of the first head of the main section of the coal of the end section (6) to the end of the first end of the main section of the coal (7) The direction is straight to cut coal, and the hydraulic support is moved at the same time. The head and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are pushed from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn, and after the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues to cut coal. Until the coal wall near the tail end of the machine is cut, and then the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter is lowered;
    步骤S202：抬高机头滚筒，于距离机尾25m至40m处利用机头滚筒朝向机头端斜切进刀割煤，直至到达端帮主体段煤第一斜切段末端(8)；Step S202: Raising the head roller, and cutting the coal by the head roller toward the head end from 25m to 40m at the distance from the tail of the machine until reaching the end of the first chamfer section of the main section of the end section (8);
    步骤S203：降低机头滚筒，抬高机尾滚筒，机尾滚筒割透机尾端附近的煤壁，到达端帮主体段煤第二机尾终点(9)，降低机尾滚筒割机尾端的底煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾推向煤壁；Step S203: lowering the head roller, raising the tail roller, the coal wall near the tail end of the tail roller cutting machine, reaching the end point of the second tail end of the main section of the coal (9), reducing the tail end of the tail roller cutting machine The bottom coal, while moving the hydraulic support, pushes the tail of the scraper conveyor to the coal wall;
    步骤S204：抬高机头滚筒，降低机尾滚筒，采煤机从机尾端驶向机 头端割煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身从机尾端向机头端依次推向煤壁，直至采煤机到达端帮主体段煤第二机头端(10)；Step S204: Raising the head roller and lowering the tail drum, the shearer drives the coal from the tail end to the head end, and moves the hydraulic bracket to move the tail and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor from the tail end of the machine The head end is pushed to the coal wall in turn until the shearer reaches the second head end of the main section of the coal (10);
    步骤S205：抬高机尾滚筒，降低机头滚筒，于距离机头25m至40m处利用机尾滚筒朝向机尾端斜切进刀割煤，直至到达端帮主体段煤第二斜切段末端(11)；Step S205: Raising the tail roller and lowering the nose roller, and cutting the coal with the tail roller toward the tail end of the machine at a distance of 25m to 40m from the machine head until reaching the end of the second oblique section of the main body section of the end gang. (11);
    步骤S206：抬高机头滚筒，降低机尾滚筒，机头滚筒割透机头端附近的煤壁，到达端帮主体段煤第三机头终点(12)，降低机头滚筒割机头端的底煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机头推向煤壁，完成一个工艺循环；Step S206: raising the head roller, lowering the tail roller, and cutting the coal wall near the head end of the head roller to reach the end point of the third head of the end body (12), reducing the head end of the head roller cutter The bottom coal, while moving the hydraulic support, pushes the head of the scraper conveyor to the coal wall to complete a process cycle;
    步骤S207：重复步骤S201至步骤S206，直至刮板输送机到达端帮旋转驶出端。Step S207: Steps S201 to S206 are repeated until the squeegee conveyor reaches the end turn rotation end.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，其特征在于，所述采煤机为双滚筒采煤机，其中采煤机靠近机头端的滚筒为机头滚筒，采煤机靠近机尾端的滚筒为机尾滚筒，所述端帮旋转驶出端端煤开采方法包括以下步骤：The coal mining method for rotaryly exploiting open-air side coal using the fully mechanized mining equipment according to claim 1, wherein the shearer is a double drum shearer, wherein the drum of the shearer near the head end is a machine head The drum, the drum near the tail end of the shearer is a tail drum, and the method for mining the end-end rotary exit end coal comprises the following steps:
    步骤S301：抬高机尾滚筒，降低机头滚筒，采煤机从端帮旋转驶出端第一机头起点(14)向端帮旋转驶出端第一机尾终点(15)沿垂直于煤层剥离方向直线割煤，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机头和机身从机头端向机尾端依次推向煤壁，采煤机到达机尾端后，机尾滚筒继续割煤，直至割透机尾端附近的煤壁，然后降低机尾滚筒割机尾端的底煤；Step S301: Raising the tail roller and lowering the nose roller, and the shearer rotates from the end to the first head starting point (14) to the end to rotate the exit end of the first tail end (15) along perpendicular to The coal seam is stripped in a straight line, and the hydraulic support is moved. The nose and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor are pushed from the head end to the tail end of the machine in turn. After the shearer reaches the end of the machine, the tail drum continues. Cutting coal until the coal wall near the end of the cutter is cut, and then reducing the bottom coal at the end of the tail roller cutter;
    步骤S302：抬高机头滚筒，机头滚筒朝向机头端以逐渐增大的机头偏移角向煤壁斜切进刀割煤，行径逐渐增大的机头偏移距离到达端帮旋转驶出端第一斜切段末端(16)，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身从机尾端向机头端依次推向煤壁；Step S302: Raising the head roller, the head roller is inclined toward the coal head toward the head end to cut the coal into the coal wall, and the moving distance of the head is gradually increased to reach the end rotation. Opening the end of the first beveled section (16), and simultaneously moving the hydraulic support, pushing the tail and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor from the tail end of the scraper to the head end of the machine head in turn;
    步骤S303：降低机头滚筒，抬高机尾滚筒，采煤机背离机头端以逐渐减小的机头背离角向煤壁斜切进刀割煤，行径逐渐增大的机头背离距离到达端帮旋转驶出端第二斜切段末端(17)，同时移动液压支架，将 刮板输送机的机身和机尾从机头端向机尾端依次推向煤壁；Step S303: lowering the head roller and raising the tail roller, and the shearer is away from the head end with a gradually decreasing head deviation angle to the coal wall obliquely cutting into the knife to cut coal, and the head with the gradually increasing diameter reaches the distance The end turn rotates the end of the second chamfering section (17), and simultaneously moves the hydraulic bracket to push the fuselage and the tail of the scraper conveyor from the head end to the tail end of the machine to the coal wall;
    步骤S304：重复步骤S302和步骤303，直至采煤机从端帮旋转驶出端结束机尾点(18)割煤回到端帮旋转驶出端第一机头起点(14)，同时移动液压支架，将刮板输送机的机尾和机身从机尾端向机头端依次推向煤壁，采煤机的割煤路径完成一个闭合的循环；Step S304: Steps S302 and 303 are repeated until the shearer rotates from the end to the end of the end of the machine (18) to cut the coal back to the end of the first head starting point (14), while moving the hydraulic pressure The bracket pushes the tail and the fuselage of the scraper conveyor from the tail end of the scraper to the coal wall in turn, and the coal cutting path of the shearer completes a closed cycle;
    步骤S305：重复步骤S301至步骤S304，直至刮板输送机的机尾旋转驶出端帮旋转驶出端(300)。Step S305: Steps S301 to S304 are repeated until the tail end of the squeegee conveyor rotates out of the end to rotate the exit end (300).
  5. 如权利要求1所述的使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，其特征在于，所述端帮旋转驶入端端煤开采、所述端帮主体段煤开采和所述端帮旋转驶出端端煤开采在时序上是连续的。The coal mining method for rotaryly exploiting open-air side coal using the fully mechanized mining equipment according to claim 1, wherein the end turn rotates into the end coal mining, the end section main section coal mining and the end The coal mining at the end of the rotation is continuous in timing.
  6. 如权利要求1或4所述的使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，其特征在于，所述端帮旋转驶出端(300)的几何形状为旋转平面绕着旋转轴旋转90度形成的四分之一圆柱体，且所述端帮旋转驶入端的旋转轴和所述端帮旋转驶出端的旋转轴位于所述端帮主体段煤的同侧。A coal mining method for rotaryly exploiting open-pit coals using a fully mechanized mining apparatus according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the geometry of the end turn rotation end (300) is a rotation plane rotating about the rotation axis. A quarter cylinder formed at 90 degrees, and the rotating shaft of the end turn rotating end and the rotating shaft of the end turn rotating end are located on the same side of the end body main section coal.
  7. 如权利要求2所述的使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S102至所述步骤S106，所述机头保持不移动，所述机尾围绕机头旋转。The coal mining method for rotary-exploiting open-air side coal using the fully mechanized mining equipment according to claim 2, wherein in the step S102 to the step S106, the nose is not moved, and the tail is surrounded by the machine. The head rotates.
  8. 如权利要求4所述的使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S301至所述步骤S305，所述机头保持不移动，所述机尾围绕机头旋转。The coal mining method for rotary-exploiting open-pit coals using the fully mechanized mining equipment according to claim 4, wherein in the step S301 to the step S305, the nose is not moved, and the tail is surrounded by the machine. The head rotates.
  9. 如权利要求2或4所述的使用综采设备旋转开采露天边帮煤的采煤方法，其特征在于，采煤机在所述端帮旋转驶入端(100)和所述端帮旋转驶出端(300)的采煤行径路径均为锯齿形。A coal mining method for rotaryly exploiting open-pit coals using a fully mechanized mining apparatus according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the shearer rotates at the end-turning end (100) and the end turn The coal mining path of the end (300) is zigzag.
PCT/CN2018/104672 2018-03-27 2018-09-07 Coal mining method for rotatably mining coal on an open pit slope using fully-mechanized coal mining equipment WO2019184257A1 (en)

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