WO2019178842A1 - 一种汽车及其车载监控设备、车辆信号检测电路 - Google Patents

一种汽车及其车载监控设备、车辆信号检测电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019178842A1
WO2019178842A1 PCT/CN2018/080233 CN2018080233W WO2019178842A1 WO 2019178842 A1 WO2019178842 A1 WO 2019178842A1 CN 2018080233 W CN2018080233 W CN 2018080233W WO 2019178842 A1 WO2019178842 A1 WO 2019178842A1
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Prior art keywords
module
voltage
vehicle
resistor
signal
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PCT/CN2018/080233
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
范章华
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深圳市锐明技术股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市锐明技术股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市锐明技术股份有限公司
Priority to CN201880000208.XA priority Critical patent/CN108700624A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/080233 priority patent/WO2019178842A1/zh
Publication of WO2019178842A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019178842A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/0084—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring voltage only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/006—Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and in particular relates to a vehicle and an in-vehicle monitoring device thereof and a vehicle signal detecting circuit.
  • Vehicle monitoring equipment generally supports vehicle speed pulse signal detection, vehicle door opening signal detection, vehicle door closing signal detection, brake signal detection, and the like. Since the motion-executing components of the vehicle are mostly inductive components, such as solenoid valves, air pumps, and wiper controllers, these components generate surge signals during the operation, and the in-vehicle monitoring device detects the corresponding actions of these components, and the surge signal will Superimposed on the detection signal and input to the in-vehicle monitoring device. Since the voltage of the surge signal can sometimes reach -600V or more, it can sometimes reach 200V or more. Therefore, the detection input of the vehicle monitoring equipment needs to have good surge protection capability.
  • the photoelectric coupling device In order to avoid damage to the vehicle monitoring equipment, the photoelectric coupling device is usually used for isolation processing to avoid the level change of the vehicle detection signal affecting the detection of the signal by the vehicle monitoring device.
  • the isolation processing using the photoelectric coupling device is costly and the circuit design is complicated. .
  • the cost of performing a series of voltage stabilization and filtering processing on the vehicle detection signal is also high and the circuit is complicated and stable. Sex and reliability are also poor.
  • the existing vehicle signal detection circuit has a complicated circuit and a high cost.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a vehicle, an in-vehicle monitoring device and a vehicle signal detection circuit.
  • An aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle signal detection circuit, including: a detection signal input module, a signal pre-processing module, a reference voltage generation module, a voltage comparison module, and a main control module;
  • An output end of the detection signal input module is connected to an input end of the signal pre-processing module, and an output end of the signal pre-processing module is connected to a first input end of the voltage comparison module, where the reference voltage generating module The output end is connected to the second input end of the voltage comparison module, the controlled end of the reference voltage generating module is connected to the main control module, and the output end of the voltage comparison module is connected to the main control module;
  • the detection signal input module collects a detection signal of the vehicle and outputs the received detection signal to the signal pre-processing module, and the signal pre-processing module performs a surge protection process and a voltage conversion process on the received detection signal, and the output is stable.
  • the reference voltage generation module generates a corresponding reference voltage according to the threshold adjustment signal of the main control module, and outputs a reference voltage to the voltage comparison module, where the voltage comparison module compares the voltage to be compared Comparing with the reference voltage to generate a comparison result
  • the main control module collects the comparison result, and analyzes the state of the vehicle according to the comparison result, and stores, displays, and reports the state of the vehicle.
  • Another aspect of the present invention also provides an in-vehicle monitoring device including the above-described vehicle signal detecting circuit.
  • Another aspect of the present invention also provides an automobile comprising the above-described vehicle signal detecting circuit or the above-described vehicle monitoring device.
  • the automobile provided by the invention and the vehicle monitoring device and the vehicle signal detecting circuit perform the surge protection processing and the voltage conversion processing on the received detection signal through the signal pre-processing module, and output a stable voltage-to-voltage comparison module to be compared, thereby effectively preventing The surge causes circuit damage.
  • the voltage comparison module compares the voltage to be compared with the reference voltage to produce a comparison result, realizes wide voltage input and comparison of the multi-path signal, and the main control module collects the comparison result, and analyzes the state of the vehicle according to the comparison result.
  • the main control module adjusts the reference voltage according to needs to meet the voltage comparison requirements of various vehicles, and effectively solves the problem of complicated circuit and high cost existing in the existing vehicle signal detection circuit.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vehicle signal detecting circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a vehicle signal detecting circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a vehicle signal detecting circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit of a signal pre-processing unit 121 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a reference voltage generating module 130 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a vehicle, an in-vehicle monitoring device and a vehicle signal detecting circuit, and the received detection signal is received by the signal pre-processing module.
  • a stable voltage-to-voltage comparison module to be compared is output to effectively prevent the circuit from being damaged by the surge, and the voltage comparison module compares the voltage to be compared with the reference voltage to generate a comparison result, thereby realizing a multi-channel signal.
  • the main control module collects the comparison result, and analyzes the state of the vehicle according to the comparison result, and uses the main control module to adjust the reference voltage according to the needs to meet the voltage comparison requirements of various vehicles, effectively solving the existing
  • the vehicle signal detection circuit has a complicated circuit and a high cost problem.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vehicle signal detection circuit provided by the embodiment.
  • the vehicle signal detection circuit includes a detection signal input module 110, a signal pre-processing module 120, a reference voltage generation module 130, a voltage comparison module 140, and a main control module 150.
  • the output end of the detection signal input module 110 is connected to the input end of the signal pre-processing module 120, the output end of the signal pre-processing module 120 is connected to the first input end of the voltage comparison module 140, and the output end of the reference voltage generation module 130 is compared with the voltage.
  • the second input end of the module 140 is connected, the controlled end of the reference voltage generating module 130 is connected to the main control module 150, and the output end of the voltage comparison module 140 is connected to the main control module 150.
  • the detection signal input module 110 collects the detection signal of the vehicle and outputs the received detection signal to the signal pre-processing module 120.
  • the signal pre-processing module 120 performs a surge protection process and a voltage conversion process on the received detection signal, and outputs a stable wait.
  • the reference voltage generation module 130 Comparing the voltage-to-voltage comparison module 140, the reference voltage generation module 130 generates a corresponding reference voltage according to the threshold adjustment signal of the main control module 150, and outputs a reference voltage to the voltage comparison module 140.
  • the voltage comparison module 140 performs the voltage to be compared with the reference voltage. The comparison produces a comparison result, and the main control module 150 collects the comparison result, and analyzes the state of the vehicle according to the comparison result, and stores, displays, and reports the state of the vehicle.
  • the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generating module 130 is used as the threshold voltage of the voltage comparison module 140, and the relatively stable voltage to be compared processed by the signal preprocessing module 120 is compared with the reference voltage, and the output voltage is output according to the comparison result.
  • Flat signal Exemplarily, if the voltage to be compared is not less than the reference voltage, the voltage comparison module 140 outputs a high level, and if the voltage to be compared is less than the reference voltage, the voltage comparison module 140 outputs a low level.
  • the voltage comparison module 140 described above includes a multi-channel voltage comparator.
  • the multi-channel voltage comparator described above includes a plurality of sets of independent operational amplifiers. When the voltage to be compared input to the operational amplifier is not less than the reference voltage, the operational amplifier outputs a high level, and vice versa.
  • the main control module 150 includes a comparison result collection unit 151 and a main control unit 152.
  • the input end of the comparison result acquisition unit 151 is connected to the output end of the voltage comparison module 140, and the output end of the comparison result acquisition unit 151 is connected to the main control unit 152.
  • the comparison result collecting unit 151 collects the comparison result (high level or low level) output by the voltage comparison module 140, and transmits the comparison result to the main control unit 152, and the main control unit 152 analyzes the state of the vehicle according to the comparison result, and the vehicle The status is stored, displayed, and reported.
  • the state of the vehicle can be analyzed according to the collected comparison result (high level or low level).
  • the comparison result is a high level, indicating that the voltage to be compared is not less than the reference voltage.
  • the detection detection signal indicates the state of the vehicle corresponding to the detection signal. For example, if the comparison result of the channel for detecting whether the door is open is high level, the comparison result of the door of the vehicle opening or detecting whether the door is opened is A low level indicates that the vehicle's door is open.
  • the user can set the comparison threshold by the interactive main control unit 152.
  • the main control unit 152 sends the threshold adjustment signal to the result collection unit 151 according to the comparison threshold set by the user, and the result collection unit 151 sends the threshold adjustment signal again.
  • the reference voltage generation module 130 generates a corresponding reference voltage according to the threshold adjustment signal to meet the comparison requirements of different vehicles.
  • the reference voltage generating module 130 includes a level adjusting unit 131 and a reference voltage output unit 132.
  • the level adjustment unit 131 is connected to the main control module 150, and the reference voltage output unit 132 is connected to the voltage comparison module 140.
  • the level adjusting unit 131 adjusts the magnitude of the reference voltage according to the threshold adjustment signal of the main control module 150, and the reference voltage output unit 132 outputs the generated reference voltage to the voltage comparison module 140.
  • the detection signal input module 110 collects multiple detection signals.
  • vehicle signal detection includes, but is not limited to, vehicle speed pulse signal detection, vehicle door opening signal detection, vehicle door closing signal detection, brake signal detection, and the like.
  • the signal pre-processing module 120 includes a plurality of signal pre-processing units 121, and the circuit pre-processing units 121 have the same circuit structure; the plurality of signal pre-processing units 121 respectively perform surge protection processing on each of the detection signals and Voltage conversion processing.
  • the detection signal input module includes four detection signal inputs
  • the signal pre-processing module 120 includes four signal pre-processing units 121, and each of the signal pre-processing units 121 corresponds to one detection signal.
  • the detection signal is subjected to surge protection processing and voltage conversion processing, and the voltage to be compared of the path is output.
  • the multi-channel voltage comparator U1 internally includes four independent operational amplifiers, each of which inputs a voltage to be compared and a reference voltage corresponding to the path, and compares the voltage to be compared with the reference voltage to output a comparison result. Specifically, when the voltage to be compared input to the operational amplifier is not less than the reference voltage, the operational amplifier outputs a high level, and vice versa.
  • the multi-channel voltage comparator U1 supports simultaneous processing of signals of multiple channels.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of the signal pre-processing unit 121 in the embodiment.
  • the signal pre-processing unit 121 includes: a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2.
  • the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the detection signal input module 110, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the second end resistor R2 is grounded, the first capacitor C1 The first end is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, the second end of the first capacitor C2 is grounded, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, the first diode D1 The positive pole is grounded, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the voltage comparison module 140.
  • the signal pre-processing module includes four signal pre-processing units 121 having the same circuit structure, and each of the signal pre-processing units 121 corresponds to one detection signal.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of the reference voltage generating module 130 in the embodiment.
  • the reference voltage generating module 130 includes: a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4. a second capacitor C2, a fifth resistor R5, a first switching transistor Q1, and a sixth resistor R6.
  • the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the power supply VCC
  • the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4, the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded, and the second end of the third resistor R3 Connected to the voltage comparison module 140
  • the first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4
  • the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R4
  • the fifth resistor R5 is
  • the first end is connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2
  • the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the first switch tube Q1, the second end of the first switch tube Q1 is grounded, and the first switch tube Q1
  • the controlled end is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor R6, and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the main control module 150.
  • the power supply VCC is a +5V DC power supply.
  • the first switch tube Q1 is an NPN type transistor Q1
  • the base of the NPN type transistor Q1 is a controlled end of the first switch tube Q1
  • the collector of the NPN type transistor Q1 is the first of the first switch tube Q1.
  • the emission of the NPN type transistor Q1 is extremely the second end of the first switching transistor Q1.
  • the signal pre-processing module 120 includes four signal input pre-processing units 121.
  • the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 form a voltage dividing circuit, and the relatively high voltage of the external input detection signal is converted to meet the requirements of the back-end chip.
  • the voltage such as converting the input voltage to 36V into a voltage of 5V, in order to ensure that the voltage input to the back-end multi-channel voltage comparator U1 meets the requirements of the chip.
  • the first resistor R1 and the second capacitor C2 form an RC filter circuit, which has a good smoothing and filtering cancellation effect on the externally input short-time transient pulse signal, and effectively prevents damage to the multi-channel voltage comparator U1 at the back end.
  • the resistance of the first resistor R1 is selected from several tens of ohms to hundreds of kilo ohms, and the capacitance of the second capacitor C2 is selected between 10 NF and 100 NF.
  • the first diode D1 can realize negative voltage conduction and voltage clamping, further protecting the multi-channel voltage comparator U1 at the back end, and also avoiding the abnormal operation of the multi-channel voltage comparator U1 when there is a short-time negative pulse signal input. .
  • the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R10 in the reference voltage generating module 130 constitute a voltage dividing circuit, and the third resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5, the first switching transistor Q1 and the sixth resistor R6 constitute a switching circuit. If the main control module outputs a low level, the first switch Q1 is not turned on, and the third resistor R3, the fifth resistor R5, and the first switch Q1 to the ground are disconnected, and the reference voltage is determined by the third resistor R3 and the third The voltage dividing circuit of the four resistor R4 is determined.
  • the first switching transistor Q1 If the main control module outputs a high level, the first switching transistor Q1 is turned on, and the third resistor R3, the fifth resistor R5, and the first switching transistor Q1 are connected to the ground, and the reference voltage is basically the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor. A voltage dividing circuit composed of R4 and a fifth resistor R5 is determined. Therefore, the reference voltage can be adjusted according to the threshold adjustment signal.
  • the voltage comparison module 140 is mainly composed of a four-channel voltage comparator chip U1 having four independent operational amplifiers inside. If the detection signal input by the vehicle is processed by the signal preprocessing module and the voltage to be compared is higher than the reference voltage, the corresponding operational amplifier output of the channel is a high level, and vice versa is a low level output.
  • the comparison result collecting unit 151 collects the comparison result output by the multi-channel comparator and reports it to the main control unit 152. And according to the result of the human-machine interaction interface setting of the main control unit 152, the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generating module is dynamically adjusted.
  • the main control unit 152 can also store, display, and report the status of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle signal detecting circuit performs a surge protection process and a voltage conversion process on the received detection signal by the signal pre-processing module, and outputs a stable voltage-to-voltage comparison module to be compared, thereby effectively preventing circuit damage caused by the surge.
  • the voltage comparison module compares the voltage to be compared with the reference voltage to generate a comparison result, realizes wide voltage input and comparison of the multi-path signal, and the main control module collects the comparison result, and analyzes the state of the vehicle according to the comparison result, and utilizes the main control module as needed
  • the reference voltage is adjusted to meet the voltage comparison requirements of various vehicles, the circuit is simple and reliable, and the cost is low, which effectively solves the problem of complicated circuit and high cost of the existing vehicle signal detection circuit.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides an in-vehicle monitoring device that is a vehicle signal detecting circuit in the above embodiment.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides an automobile including the vehicle signal detecting circuit provided by the above embodiment or the in-vehicle monitoring device provided by the above embodiment.
  • the above-mentioned vehicle signal detecting circuit can also be applied to an in-vehicle device such as a vehicle driving recorder, a passenger flow statistic meter, a driver driving behavior analyzer, and the like, and is not limited herein.
  • an in-vehicle device such as a vehicle driving recorder, a passenger flow statistic meter, a driver driving behavior analyzer, and the like, and is not limited herein.

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Abstract

一种汽车及其车载监控设备、车辆信号检测电路，车辆信号检测电路包括：检测信号输入模块（110）、信号预处理模块（120）、基准电压发生模块（130）、电压比较模块（140）以及主控模块（150）。通过信号预处理模块（120）对接收到的检测信号进行浪涌防护处理和电压转换处理后输出稳定的待比较电压至电压比较模块（140），有效防止浪涌造成电路损坏，利用电压比较模块（140）将待比较电压与基准电压进行比较产生比较结果，实现多通路信号的宽电压输入和比较，主控模块（150）采集比较结果，并根据比较结果分析车辆的状态，利用主控模块（150）根据需要调整基准电压，满足各种不同车辆的电压比较需求，有效地解决了现有的车辆信号检测电路存在的电路复杂和成本高的问题。

Description

一种汽车及其车载监控设备、车辆信号检测电路 技术领域
本发明属于汽车技术领域，尤其涉及一种汽车及其车载监控设备、车辆信号检测电路。
 背景技术
由于汽车的电气环境复杂，车辆的运行状态的检测信号容易受到干扰，如检测信号电平幅值不稳定，检测信号线上会叠加正负浪涌信号等。车载监控设备一般要支持车辆速度脉冲信号检测、车辆开门信号检测、车辆关门信号检测、刹车信号检测等。由于车辆的动作执行部件大多是感性元件，如电磁阀、气泵、雨刷控制器，这些部件在动作的过程中会产生浪涌信号，车载监控设备在检测这些部件相应的动作时，浪涌信号会叠加在检测信号并输入至车载监控设备中。由于浪涌信号的电压有时能达到-600V以上，有时能达到200V以上。因此车载监控设备的检测输入端需要有良好的浪涌防护能力。
为了避免损坏车载监控设备，通常会利用光电耦合器件进行隔离处理，避免车辆检测信号的电平变化影响到车载监控设备对信号的检测，然而利用光电耦合器件进行隔离处理成本高，且电路设计复杂。或者通过对车辆检测信号做一系列的稳压和滤波处理，然而对于多路信号需要检测的情况，对车辆检测信号做一系列的稳压和滤波处理的成本也很高且电路复杂，其稳定性和可靠性也较差。
综上所述，现有的车辆信号检测电路存在的电路复杂和成本高的问题。
 技术问题
为了解决现有的车辆信号检测电路存在的电路复杂和成本高的问题，本发明实施例提供了一种汽车及其车载监控设备、车辆信号检测电路。
 技术解决方案
本发明一方面提供了一种车辆信号检测电路，所述车辆信号检测电路包括：检测信号输入模块、信号预处理模块、基准电压发生模块、电压比较模块以及主控模块；
所述检测信号输入模块的输出端与所述信号预处理模块的输入端连接，所述信号预处理模块的输出端与所述电压比较模块的第一输入端连接，所述基准电压发生模块的输出端与所述电压比较模块的第二输入端连接，所述基准电压发生模块的受控端与所述主控模块连接，所述电压比较模块的输出端与所述主控模块连接；
所述检测信号输入模块采集车辆的检测信号并将接收到的检测信号输出至所述信号预处理模块，信号预处理模块对接收到的检测信号进行浪涌防护处理和电压转换处理后输出稳定的待比较电压至所述电压比较模块，基准电压发生模块根据主控模块的门限调整信号产生对应的基准电压，并输出基准电压至所述电压比较模块，所述电压比较模块将所述待比较电压与所述基准电压进行比较产生比较结果，所述主控模块采集所述比较结果，并根据所述比较结果分析车辆的状态，并将所述车辆的状态进行存储、显示和上报。
本发明另一方面还提供了一种车载监控设备，所述车载监控设备包括上述车辆信号检测电路。
本发明另一方面还提供了一种汽车，所述汽车包括上述的车辆信号检测电路或上述的车载监控设备。
 有益效果
本发明提供的汽车及其车载监控设备、车辆信号检测电路，通过信号预处理模块对接收到的检测信号进行浪涌防护处理和电压转换处理后输出稳定的待比较电压至电压比较模块，有效防止浪涌造成电路损坏，利用电压比较模块将待比较电压与基准电压进行比较产生比较结果，实现多通路信号的宽电压输入和比较，主控模块采集比较结果，并根据比较结果分析车辆的状态，利用主控模块根据需要调整基准电压，满足各种不同车辆的电压比较需求，有效地解决了现有的车辆信号检测电路存在的电路复杂和成本高的问题。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种车辆信号检测电路的模块结构图；
图2是本发明另一实施例提供的一种车辆信号检测电路的模块结构图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的车辆信号检测电路的模块结构图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的信号预处理单元121的电路结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的基准电压发生模块130的电路结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
需要说明的是，本发明的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“包括”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法或***、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”和“第三”等是用于区别不同对象，而非用于描述特定顺序。
本发明实施例为了解决现有的车辆信号检测电路存在的电路复杂和成本高的问题，提供了一种汽车及其车载监控设备、车辆信号检测电路，通过信号预处理模块对接收到的检测信号进行浪涌防护处理和电压转换处理后输出稳定的待比较电压至电压比较模块，有效防止浪涌造成电路损坏，利用电压比较模块将待比较电压与基准电压进行比较产生比较结果，实现多通路信号的宽电压输入和比较，主控模块采集比较结果，并根据比较结果分析车辆的状态，利用主控模块根据需要调整基准电压，满足各种不同车辆的电压比较需求，有效地解决了现有的车辆信号检测电路存在的电路复杂和成本高的问题。
为了说明本发明所述的技术方案，下面通过具体实施例来进行说明。
图1示出了本实施例提供的车辆信号检测电路，上述车辆信号检测电路包括：检测信号输入模块110、信号预处理模块120、基准电压发生模块130、电压比较模块140以及主控模块150。
检测信号输入模块110的输出端与信号预处理模块120的输入端连接，信号预处理模块120的输出端与电压比较模块140的第一输入端连接，基准电压发生模块130的输出端与电压比较模块140的第二输入端连接，基准电压发生模块130的受控端与主控模块150连接，电压比较模块140的输出端与主控模块150连接。
检测信号输入模块110采集车辆的检测信号并将接收到的检测信号输出至信号预处理模块120，信号预处理模块120对接收到的检测信号进行浪涌防护处理和电压转换处理后输出稳定的待比较电压至电压比较模块140，基准电压发生模块130根据主控模块150的门限调整信号产生对应的基准电压，并输出基准电压至电压比较模块140，电压比较模块140将待比较电压与基准电压进行比较产生比较结果，主控模块150采集比较结果，并根据比较结果分析车辆的状态，并将车辆的状态进行存储、显示和上报。
在具体应用中，基准电压发生模块130产生的基准电压作为电压比较模块140的门限电压，将经过信号预处理模块120处理后的较为稳定的待比较电压与基准电压进行比较，根据比较结果输出电平信号。示例性的，若待比较电压不小于基准电压则电压比较模块140输出高电平，若待比较电压小于基准电压则电压比较模块140输出低电平。
在具体应用中，上述电压比较模块140包括多路电压比较器。在具体应用中，上述多路电压比较器内部包括若干组独立的运算放大器。当输入该路运算放大器的待比较电压不小于基准电压时，则该路运算放大器输出高电平，反之则输出低电平。
如图2所示，在一个实施例中，上述主控模块150包括：比较结果采集单元151和主控单元152。
比较结果采集单元151的输入端与电压比较模块140的输出端连接，比较结果采集单元151的输出端与主控单元152连接。
比较结果采集单元151采集电压比较模块140输出的比较结果（高电平或低电平），并将比较结果发送至主控单元152，主控单元152根据比较结果分析车辆的状态，并将车辆的状态进行存储、显示和上报。
在具体应用中，根据采集到的比较结果（高电平或低电平）可以分析得到该车辆的状态，示例性的，比较结果为高电平，则说明待比较电压不小于基准电压，则说明检测到检测信号，即说明该检测信号对应的车辆的状态，如检测车门是否开启的通道的比较结果为高电平，则说明该车辆的车门开启或检测车门是否开启的通道的比较结果为低电平，则说明该车辆的车门开启。
在具体应用中，用户可以通过可交互的主控单元152设置比较门限，主控单元152根据用户设置的比较门限发送门限调整信号至结果采集单元151，结果采集单元151再将该门限调整信号发送至基准电压发生模块130，基准电压发生模块130根据该门限调整信号产生对应的基准电压以满足不同车辆的比较需求。
在一个实施例中，上述基准电压发生模块130包括：电平调整单元131和基准电压输出单元132。
电平调整单元131与主控模块150连接，基准电压输出单元132与电压比较模块140连接。
电平调整单元131根据主控模块150的门限调整信号对基准电压的大小进行调整，基准电压输出单元132将产生的基准电压输出至电压比较模块140。
在具体应用中，上述检测信号输入模块110采集多路检测信号。在具体应用中，车辆信号检测包括但不限于车辆速度脉冲信号检测、车辆开门信号检测、车辆关门信号检测、刹车信号检测等。
在具体应用中，信号预处理模块120包括若干个信号预处理单元121，若干个信号预处理单元121的电路结构相同；若干个信号预处理单元121分别对每一路检测信号进行浪涌防护处理和电压转换处理。
示例性的，如图3所示，检测信号输入模块包括4路检测信号输入，信号预处理模块120包括4个信号预处理单元121，每一路信号预处理单元121对应一路检测信号，对该路检测信号进行浪涌防护处理和电压转换处理，并输出该路的待比较电压。多路电压比较器U1内部包括4组独立的运算放大器，每一组运算放大器输入对应该路的待比较电压和基准电压，并将该待比较电压与基准电压进行比较输出比较结果。具体的，当输入该路运算放大器的待比较电压不小于基准电压时，则该路运算放大器输出高电平，反之则输出低电平。在具体应用中，多路电压比较器U1支持多个通道的信号同时处理。
请参见图4，图4是本实施例中信号预处理单元121的电路结构示意图，如图4所示，在具体应用中，上述信号预处理单元121包括：第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2、第一电容C1以及第一二极管D1。
第一电阻R1的第一端与检测信号输入模块110连接，第一电阻R1的第二端与第二电阻R2的第一端连接，第二端电阻R2的第二端接地，第一电容C1的第一端与第一电阻R1的第二端连接，第一电容C2的第二端接地，第一二极管D1的负极与第一电阻R1的第二端连接，第一二极管D1的正极接地，第一二极管D1的负极与电压比较模块140连接。
在具体应用中，上述信号预处理模块包括4个电路结构相同的信号预处理单元121，每一个信号预处理单元121对应一路检测信号。
请参见图5，图5是本实施例中基准电压发生模块130的电路结构示意图，如图5所示，在具体应用中，上述基准电压发生模块130包括：第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4、第二电容C2、第五电阻R5、第一开关管Q1以及第六电阻R6。
第三电阻R3的第一端接供电电源VCC，第三电阻R3的第二端与第四电阻R4的第一端连接，第四电阻R4的第二端接地，第三电阻R3的第二端与电压比较模块140连接，第二电容C2的第一端与第四电阻R4的第一端连接，第二电容C2的第二端与第四电阻R4的第二端连接，第五电阻R5的第一端与第二电容C2的第一端连接，第五电阻R5的第二端与第一开关管Q1的第一端连接，第一开关管Q1的第二端接地，第一开关管Q1的受控端与第六电阻R6的第一端连接，第六电阻R6的第二端与主控模块150连接。
在具体应用中，上述供电电源VCC为+5V的直流电源。
在具体应用中，上述第一开关管Q1为NPN型三极管Q1，NPN型三极管Q1的基极为第一开关管Q1的受控端，NPN型三极管Q1的集电极为第一开关管Q1的第一端，NPN型三极管Q1的发射极为第一开关管Q1的第二端。
以下对上述车辆信号检测电路的工作原理进行说明：
信号预处理模块120包含四个输入通道的信号预处理单元121，第一电阻R1和第二电阻R2构成分压电路，将外部输入检测信号的比较高的电压转换成满足后端芯片要求的低电压，如将输入为36V的电压转换成5V的电压，以便保证输入到后端多路电压比较器U1的电压符合该芯片的要求。第一电阻R1和第二电容C2构成RC滤波电路，对外部输入的短时瞬态脉冲信号具有良好的平稳、滤波消除作用，有效地防止损坏后端的多路电压比较器U1。在具体应用中，第一电阻 R1的阻值选择为几十欧姆至上百千欧姆，第二电容C2的电容值选择在10NF到100NF之间。第一二极管D1能够实现负压导通、电压嵌位，进一步地保护后端的多路电压比较器U1，同时也避免当存在短时负脉冲信号输入时，多路电压比较器U1工作异常。
基准电压发生模块130中的第三电阻R3和第四电阻R10构成分压电路，第三电阻R3、第五电阻R5，第一开关管Q1以及第六电阻R6构成一个开关电路。如果主控模块输出低电平，则第一开关管Q1不导通，第三电阻R3 、第五电阻R5以及第一开关管Q1到地的通路断开，基准电压由第三电阻R3和第四电阻R4的分压电路决定。如果主控模块输出高电平，第一开关管Q1导通，第三电阻R3 、第五电阻R5以及第一开关管Q1到地的通路连通，基准电压基本由第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4以及第五电阻R5 三者构成的分压电路决定。因此可以根据门限调整信号调整基准电压。
电压比较模块140主要由一个四通道的电压比较器芯片U1构成，该芯片内部有4组独立的运算放大器。如果车辆输入的检测信号经过信号预处理模块处理后输出的待比较电压，高于基准电压，则该通道对应的运算放大器输出为高电平，反之为低电平输出。
比较结果采集单元151对多路比较器输出的比较结果进行采集，并上报主控单元152。并根据主控单元152人机交互界面设置的结果，对基准电压发生模块产生的基准电压进行动态调整。主控单元152还可以将车辆的状态进行存储、显示和上报。
本实施例提供的车辆信号检测电路，通过信号预处理模块对接收到的检测信号进行浪涌防护处理和电压转换处理后输出稳定的待比较电压至电压比较模块，有效防止浪涌造成电路损坏，利用电压比较模块将待比较电压与基准电压进行比较产生比较结果，实现多通路信号的宽电压输入和比较，主控模块采集比较结果，并根据比较结果分析车辆的状态，利用主控模块根据需要调整基准电压，满足各种不同车辆的电压比较需求，电路简单且可靠、成本低廉，有效地解决了现有的车辆信号检测电路存在的电路复杂和成本高的问题。
本发明的另一实施例提供了一种车载监控设备，该车载监控设备上述实施例中的车辆信号检测电路。
本发明的另一实施例提供了一种汽车，该汽车包括上述实施例提供的车辆信号检测电路或上述实施例提供的车载监控设备。
在具体应用中，上述车辆信号检测电路还可以应用于、汽车行驶记录仪、客流统计仪、驾驶员行驶行为分析仪等车载设备中，在此不加以限制。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种车辆信号检测电路，其特征在于，所述车辆信号检测电路包括：检测信号输入模块、信号预处理模块、基准电压发生模块、电压比较模块以及主控模块；
    所述检测信号输入模块的输出端与所述信号预处理模块的输入端连接，所述信号预处理模块的输出端与所述电压比较模块的第一输入端连接，所述基准电压发生模块的输出端与所述电压比较模块的第二输入端连接，所述基准电压发生模块的受控端与所述主控模块连接，所述电压比较模块的输出端与所述主控模块连接；
    所述检测信号输入模块采集车辆的检测信号并将接收到的检测信号输出至所述信号预处理模块，所述信号预处理模块对接收到的检测信号进行浪涌防护处理和电压转换处理后输出稳定的待比较电压至所述电压比较模块，所述基准电压发生模块根据主控模块的门限调整信号产生对应的基准电压，并输出基准电压至所述电压比较模块，所述电压比较模块将所述待比较电压与所述基准电压进行比较产生比较结果，所述主控模块采集所述比较结果，并根据所述比较结果分析车辆的状态，并将所述车辆的状态进行存储、显示和上报。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆信号检测电路，其特征在于，所述主控模块包括：比较结果采集单元和主控单元；
    所述比较结果采集单元的输入端与所述电压比较模块的输出端连接，所述比较结果采集单元的输出端与所述主控单元连接；
    所述比较结果采集单元采集所述电压比较模块输出的比较结果，并将所述比较结果发送至所述主控单元，所述主控单元根据所述比较结果分析车辆的状态，并将所述车辆的状态进行存储、显示和上报。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆信号检测电路，其特征在于，所述基准电压发生模块包括：电平调整单元和基准电压输出单元；
    所述电平调整单元与所述主控模块连接，所述基准电压输出单元与所述电压比较模块连接；
    所述电平调整单元根据主控模块的门限调整信号对基准电压的大小进行调整，所述基准电压输出单元将产生的基准电压输出至电压比较模块。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆信号检测电路，其特征在于，所述检测信号输入模块采集多路检测信号；
    所述信号预处理模块包括若干个信号预处理单元，所述若干个信号预处理单元的电路结构相同；
    所述若干个信号预处理单元分别对每一路检测信号进行浪涌防护处理和电压转换处理。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的车辆信号检测电路，其特征在于，所述信号预处理单元包括：第一电阻、第二电阻、第一电容以及第一二极管；
    所述第一电阻的第一端与所述检测信号输入模块连接，所述第一电阻的第二端与所述第二电阻的第一端连接，所述第二端电阻的第二端接地，所述第一电容的第一端与所述第一电阻的第二端连接，所述第一电容的第二端接地，所述第一二极管的负极与所述第一电阻的第二端连接，所述第一二极管的正极接地，所述第一二极管的负极与所述电压比较模块连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆信号检测电路，其特征在于，所述基准电压发生模块包括：第三电阻、第四电阻、第二电容、第五电阻、第一开关管以及第六电阻；
    所述第三电阻的第一端接供电电源，所述第三电阻的第二端与所述第四电阻的第一端连接，所述第四电阻的第二端接地，所述第三电阻的第二端与所述电压比较模块连接，所述第二电容的第一端与所述第四电阻的第一端连接，所述第二电容的第二端与所述第四电阻的第二端连接，所述第五电阻的第一端与所述第二电容的第一端连接，所述第五电阻的第二端与所述第一开关管的第一端连接，所述第一开关管的第二端接地，所述第一开关管的受控端与所述第六电阻的第一端连接，所述第六电阻的第二端与所述主控模块连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的车辆信号检测电路，其特征在于，所述第一开关管为NPN型三极管，所述NPN型三极管的基极为所述第一开关管的受控端，所述NPN型三极管的集电极为所述第一开关管的第一端，所述NPN型三极管的发射极为所述第一开关管的第二端。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆信号检测电路，其特征在于，所述电压比较模块包括多路电压比较器。
  9. 一种车载监控设备，其特征在于，所述车载监控设备包括权利要求1至7任意一项所述的车辆信号检测电路。
  10. 一种汽车，其特征在于，所述汽车包括权利要求1至7任意一项所述的车辆信号检测电路或权利要求8所述的车载监控设备。
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