WO2019134135A1 - 一种增材制造设备 - Google Patents

一种增材制造设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019134135A1
WO2019134135A1 PCT/CN2018/071633 CN2018071633W WO2019134135A1 WO 2019134135 A1 WO2019134135 A1 WO 2019134135A1 CN 2018071633 W CN2018071633 W CN 2018071633W WO 2019134135 A1 WO2019134135 A1 WO 2019134135A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
printing
manufacturing apparatus
substrate
liquid metal
cylinder
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PCT/CN2018/071633
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘詟
康远浩
刘冲
林聚
朱文杰
李斌
刘静
于洋
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北京梦之墨科技有限公司
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Application filed by 北京梦之墨科技有限公司 filed Critical 北京梦之墨科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/071633 priority Critical patent/WO2019134135A1/zh
Publication of WO2019134135A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019134135A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic circuits and electronic component manufacturing, and in particular to an additive manufacturing apparatus.
  • the manufacture of traditional electronic circuits and electronic components has the disadvantages of complicated processes, high energy consumption, high pollution, and high cost.
  • the main reason for these drawbacks is that the manufacturing technology of traditional electronic circuits and electronic components is a kind of deletion technology, and the manufacturing process requires a large amount of raw materials, water resources, energy, etc., and pollutes the external environment.
  • existing manufacturing equipment can only use metal materials that are liquid at room temperature, and typical such as those disclosed in the patent applications CN201610224283.7, CN20130150185.X. Due to the fluidity of liquid metal, existing manufacturing equipment can only produce single-sided circuits and/or use chip-type electronic components, and its application range is small, which cannot meet the demand.
  • an additive manufacturing apparatus includes:
  • Main body console, motion mechanism, and printing assembly
  • the console is disposed at a bottom of the main body
  • the moving mechanism is disposed above the operation table, and two ends are respectively connected with two sides of the main body; at least one pressure wheel is disposed below the movement mechanism to press the upper part of the operation table a substrate, and controlling the substrate to move in the front-rear direction of the console by its own rotation;
  • the printing assembly is fixed to the moving mechanism and slidable along the moving mechanism;
  • the printing assembly includes a printing cylinder, a print head and a control device, the printing cylinder is in communication with the printing head, the control device Controlling the expansion and contraction of the print head by a connection mechanism;
  • the printing cylinder heats the liquid metal solidified therein to cause the molten liquid metal to flow into the printing head;
  • the printing assembly and the pressing wheel respectively move the printing head and the substrate to Positioning the print head at a position on the substrate where printing is required, the control device elongating the print head to make contact with the substrate such that the liquid metal adheres to the substrate to perform printing;
  • liquid metal is solid at room temperature.
  • the printing assembly further includes an ink cartridge in communication with the printing cylinder, and a liquid level sensor;
  • the solidified liquid metal stored in the ink cartridge is caused to enter the printing cylinder.
  • the print head is provided with a local hot melt device for heating the partial pattern printed on the substrate into a liquid state, thereby realizing printing of repeated lines and/or cross lines.
  • a heating assembly is disposed on the back surface of the console for heating the substrate.
  • the printing cylinder is a sandwich structure, and a heating device is disposed in the interlayer to heat the solidified liquid metal.
  • control device is an electromagnet.
  • the number of the pressure rollers is three, which are respectively disposed on the left and right sides and the middle portion of the motion mechanism;
  • one of the pressure wheels disposed on the left and right sides is fixed in height, and the other of the pressure rollers are dropped or lifted by the control of the motor;
  • Each of the pressure rollers is rotated by the motor and the transmission structure.
  • the liquid metal has a melting point of 40 to 80 °C.
  • the printing assembly further includes a sealing cylinder disposed along the printing cylinder to seal the printed graphic.
  • the printing assembly further includes a photocuring lamp disposed adjacent to the encapsulating barrel to accelerate solidification of the colloid for sealing.
  • the print cartridge is detachably coupled to the print assembly, and the print head is detachably coupled to the print cartridge.
  • the print head is connected to a printing tube in the printing cylinder through a connector; the printing tube is embedded in the printing tube for accommodating the liquid metal and transporting the printing head to the printing head through the connector Liquid metal.
  • main body is further provided with a flip cover
  • the flip is opened when the substrate is placed or removed; when the printing is performed, the flip is closed to form a sealed print space.
  • control panel is disposed on a side of the main body.
  • a power interface, a switch, a communication interface, and a firmware upgrade interface are further disposed on a side of the main body.
  • the additive manufacturing apparatus adopts a liquid metal material which is solid at normal temperature, and after printing the solidified liquid metal into a liquid state, the printed pattern can be naturally solidified at normal temperature, so Affected by the fluidity of liquid metal, it significantly expands the range of applications for manufacturing equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing an additive manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a printing assembly of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a printing assembly of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a printing cylinder of an additive manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is an exploded view of the print cylinder of the additive manufacturing apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • connection may be a fixed connection, or may be a detachable connection, or one.
  • Ground connection it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, it can also be connected indirectly through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components.
  • specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an additive manufacturing apparatus, comprising: a main body 1, an operating table 2, a motion mechanism 3, and a printing assembly 4;
  • the console 2 is disposed at the bottom of the main body 1;
  • the moving mechanism 3 is disposed above the console 2, and both ends are respectively connected with the two sides of the main body 1; at least one pressing wheel 31 is disposed below the moving mechanism 3 to press the substrate placed on the console 2, and Controlling the substrate to move in the front-rear direction of the console 2 by its own rotation;
  • the printing assembly 4 is fixed on the moving mechanism 3 and slidable along the moving mechanism 3; the printing assembly 4 includes a printing cylinder 41, a printing head 42 and a control device 43, the printing cylinder 41 is in communication with the printing head 42, and the control device 43 is connected through the connecting mechanism 431. Controlling the expansion and contraction of the print head 42;
  • the printing cylinder 41 heats the liquid metal solidified therein to cause the molten liquid metal to flow into the printing head 42; the printing assembly 4 and the pressing wheel 31 respectively move the printing head 42 and the substrate so that the printing head 42 is located Where the substrate needs to be printed, the control device 43 extends the print head 42 to make contact with the substrate, so that the liquid metal adheres to the substrate to perform printing;
  • the liquid metal is solid at room temperature.
  • the manufacturing apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention can print using liquid metal which is solid at normal temperature, but is not limited thereto, and can also be printed using liquid metal which is liquid at normal temperature.
  • the manufacturing apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses a liquid metal that is liquid at normal temperature and achieves an excellent printing effect.
  • the motion mechanism 3 controls the printing assembly 4 to slide along the motion mechanism 3 by a motor (not shown) and a transmission structure (not shown).
  • the motor can be a stepper motor and the transmission structure can be a belt and/or a transmission rod.
  • the main body 1 is further provided with a flip cover 11 which is opened when the substrate is placed or taken out; when printing is performed, the flip cover 11 is closed to form a sealed printing space.
  • a flip cover 11 which is opened when the substrate is placed or taken out; when printing is performed, the flip cover 11 is closed to form a sealed printing space.
  • a control panel 12 is further disposed on a side portion of the main body 1.
  • the control panel 12 includes at least a control module and a display module, and the control module is configured to set parameters of the manufacturing device and control the manufacturing device. Operation, display module is used to display the printing status of the manufacturing equipment and various parameter values.
  • control panel 12 can be disposed on the flip cover 11 and the like, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the side of the main body 1 is further provided with a power interface, a switch, a communication interface, and a firmware upgrade interface (not shown) to further improve the control performance of the manufacturing device and The level of informatization.
  • a liquid metal having a melting point of 40-80 ° C is preferably used, and a liquid metal having a melting point within the range can be naturally solidified from a liquid state to a solid state at a normal temperature after printing is completed. . In turn, solid-state graphics are printed.
  • the melting point of the liquid metal can be adjusted according to the actual situation, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the printing assembly 4 further includes an ink cartridge 44 in communication with the printing cylinder 41, and a liquid level sensor 45;
  • the liquid level sensor 45 detects that the liquid level in the print cylinder 41 is lower than a preset value, the solidified liquid metal stored in the ink cartridge 44 is caused to enter the printing cylinder 41.
  • the ink cartridge 44 can be fixed to the printing assembly 4 through the ink cartridge holder 441, as shown in FIG.
  • the solidified liquid metal stored in the ink cartridge 44 is in a ball structure to facilitate sliding into the printing cylinder 41.
  • the liquid level sensor 45 can be communicably connected to the switch of the ink cartridge 44.
  • the switch of the ink cartridge 44 is opened, thereby solidifying.
  • the liquid metal is rolled into the print cylinder 41. After the solidified liquid metal enters the print cylinder 41 and is heated and melted, the liquid level in the print cylinder 41 rises to another preset value. At this time, the liquid level sensor 45 turns off the switch of the ink cartridge 44, preventing excessive The liquid metal enters the print cylinder 41.
  • the print head 42 is further provided with a local hot melt device (not shown), such as a heat gun or a low temperature electric torch, for heating the partial pattern printed on the substrate into Liquid, enabling printing of repeating lines and/or cross lines.
  • a local hot melt device such as a heat gun or a low temperature electric torch
  • the electronic components can be placed accordingly to perform soldering of the electronic components.
  • the back of the console 2 is further provided with a heating assembly for heating the substrate.
  • the heating assembly is configured to preheat the substrate to facilitate the printing of repeating lines and intersecting lines through a local hot melt device.
  • the local hot melt apparatus employs a heat gun of 50-150 ° C and/or a low temperature torch of 50-150 ° C.
  • the print cylinder 41 is of a sandwich structure with a heating device 411 disposed therein to heat the solidified liquid metal.
  • the heating device 411 may be a heating rod, and the heating rod is inserted into the interlayer of the printing cylinder 41, thereby heating the solidified liquid metal. As shown in Figure 5.
  • the control device 43 is an electromagnet.
  • the electromagnet controls the expansion and contraction of the print head 42 through the connection mechanism 431.
  • the electromagnet elongates the print head 42 to contact with the substrate to perform printing; after finishing the printing at this stage, the electromagnet retracts the print head 42, etc.
  • the above operation is repeated until the printing of the substrate is completed.
  • the number of the pressure rollers 31 is three, which are respectively disposed at the left and right sides and the middle portion of the motion mechanism 3, as shown in FIG.
  • one of the pressure rollers 31 disposed on the left and right sides is fixed in height, and the other pressure rollers 31 are dropped or lifted by the control of the motor; each of the pressure rollers 31 is rotated by the motor and the transmission structure.
  • the above arrangement of the pressure roller 31 enables switching of the printing web to be suitable for substrates of different sizes. For example, depending on the size of the substrate, the central pressure roller 31 can be lowered and/or the right pressure roller 31 can be lowered to press the substrate, thereby driving the substrate to move in the front-rear direction of the console 2.
  • the printing assembly 4 further includes a sealing barrel 46 disposed side by side with the printing cylinder 41 to seal the printed pattern.
  • the manufacturing apparatus can seal the graphic on the entire substrate by moving the printing component 4 and the substrate after the printing of all the graphics is completed; or the sealing cylinder 46 can be used with the printing head. 42 After the printing is completed, the printed graphic is sealed immediately.
  • the printing assembly 4 further includes a curing light 47 disposed adjacent to the sealing barrel 46 to accelerate the solidification of the colloid for sealing (especially when the colloid is a photosensitive material colloid) ).
  • the print cartridge 41 is detachably coupled to the print assembly 4, and the print head 42 is detachably coupled to the print cartridge 41.
  • Occlusion or contamination is inevitably present in the print head 42 and the print cylinder 41 due to oxidation of the liquid metal, presence of impurities, and the like. Therefore, the design facilitates disassembly of the print cartridge 41 and the printhead 42, thereby enabling cleaning or replacement of the printhead 42 and the print cartridge 41.
  • the print head 42 can be connected to the printing tube 412 in the printing cylinder 41 through the connector 421; the printing tube 412 is embedded in the printing cylinder 41 for accommodating liquid metal and transporting liquid metal to the printing head 42 through the connector 421, as shown in the figure. 6 is shown.
  • the additive manufacturing equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses a liquid metal material which is solid at room temperature, so that the printed pattern can be naturally solidified without subsequent high-temperature sintering treatment, thereby realizing rapid printing of the electronic circuit diagram.
  • the additive manufacturing equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize the printing of the double-sided circuit or the multi-faceted circuit, which significantly expands the application, compared with the existing electronic circuit printing, which is susceptible to the fluidity of the liquid metal. range.
  • the additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can perform PCB via on the substrate and use the additive electronic device according to the existing electronic circuit printing, which is susceptible to the liquid metal fluidity. Pin-type electronic components.
  • the device performs the printing operation specifically:
  • control device 43 extends the print head 42 to make contact with the substrate, so that the liquid metal adheres to the substrate, thereby performing printing;
  • control device 43 retracts the print head 42, and after the print head 42 reaches the next printing position, the above operation is repeated until the printing of the substrate is completed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)

Abstract

一种增材制造设备，包括主体（1）、操作台（2）、运动机构（3）以及打印组件（4）；运动机构（3）的下方设置有至少一个压轮（31），以压住基材，打印组件（4）可沿运动机构（3）滑动；打印组件（4）包括打印筒（41）、打印头（42）以及控制装置（43），打印筒（41）与打印头（42）连通，控制装置（43）控制打印头（42）的伸缩；打印时，打印筒（41）对其内凝固的液态金属进行加热，以使熔化后的液态金属流入打印头（42）；打印组件（4）与压轮（31）分别移动打印头（42）和基材，以使打印头（42）位于基材上需要打印的位置，控制装置（43）伸长打印头（42）使其与基材接触，使得液态金属附着在基材上，从而进行打印；其中，液态金属在室温下为固态。该制造设备可使用室温下为固态的金属材料，进而扩大了制造设备的应用范围。

Description

一种增材制造设备 技术领域
本发明涉及电子电路以及电子元器件制造领域，具体涉及一种增材制造设备。
背景技术
传统的电子电路及电子元器件的制造存在工艺复杂、能耗高、污染高、成本高等弊端。产生这些弊端的主要原因是传统电子电路及电子元器件的制造技术是一种删减技术，其制造过程需要消耗大量的原材料、水资源、能源等，并且会对外部环境造成污染。
为消除这些弊端，开发出了用于制造电子电路的增材制造设备，其可直接将电子电路以及电子元器件以印刷的方式制造出来，从而大幅降低能耗、消除污染并节约成本。
然而，现有的制造设备只能使用室温下为液态的金属材料，典型的如专利申请CN201610224283.7、CN20130150185.X中公开的制造设备等。受液态金属流动性的影响，现有的制造设备只能制作单面电路和/或使用贴片式电子元器件，其适用范围小，无法满足需求。
因此，如何提出一种新的制造设备，可使用室温下为固态的金属材料，进而扩大制造设备的应用范围，成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明实施例提供一种增材制造设备，包括：
主体、操作台、运动机构以及打印组件；
所述操作台设置在所述主体的底部；
所述运动机构设置在所述操作台的上方，且两端与所述主体的两侧部分别连接；所述运动机构的下方设置有至少一个压轮，以压住所述操作台上放置的基材，并且通过自身的旋转控制基材在所述操作台的前后方向上移动；
所述打印组件固定在所述运动机构上，且可沿所述运动机构滑动；所 述打印组件包括打印筒、打印头以及控制装置，所述打印筒与所述打印头连通，所述控制装置通过连接机构控制所述打印头的伸缩；
打印时，所述打印筒对其内凝固的液态金属进行加热，以使熔化后的液态金属流入所述打印头；所述打印组件与所述压轮分别移动所述打印头和基材，以使所述打印头位于基材上需要打印的位置，所述控制装置伸长所述打印头使其与基材接触，使得所述液态金属附着在基材上，从而进行打印；
其中，所述液态金属在室温下为固态。
进一步地，所述打印组件还包括与所述打印筒连通的墨盒，以及液位传感器；
当所述液位传感器监测到所述打印筒中的液位低于预设值时，则使所述墨盒中存储的凝固的液态金属进入到所述打印筒中。
进一步地，所述打印头上设置有局部热熔装置，用于将基材上打印的局部图形加热成液态，从而实现重复线条和/或交叉线的打印。
进一步地，所述操作台的背面设置有加热组件，用于对基材进行加热。
进一步地，所述打印筒为夹层结构，夹层中设置有加热装置，以加热所述的凝固的液态金属。
进一步地，所述控制装置为电磁铁。
进一步地，所述压轮的数量为三个，分别设置在所述运动机构的左右两侧以及中部；
其中，设置在左右两侧的压轮中的其中一个高度固定，其他所述压轮通过电机的控制落下或抬起；
各所述压轮通过所述电机以及传动结构实现转动。
进一步地，所述液态金属的熔点为40-80℃。
进一步地，所述打印组件还包括与所述打印筒并排设置的封胶筒，以对打印出的图形进行封胶。
进一步地，所述打印组件还包括与所述封胶筒相邻设置的光固化灯，以加快凝固用于封胶的胶体。
进一步地，所述打印筒与所述打印组件可拆卸地连接，所述打印头与所述打印筒可拆卸地连接。
进一步地，所述打印头通过连接器与所述打印筒中的打印管连接；所述打印管嵌入所述打印筒，用于容纳所述液态金属并通过所述连接器向所述打印头输送所述液态金属。
进一步地，所述主体上还设置有翻盖；
当放入或取出基材时，所述翻盖打开；当进行打印时，所述翻盖闭合，以形成密闭的打印空间。
进一步地，所述主体的侧部上设置有控制面板。
进一步地，所述主体的侧部上还设置有电源接口、开关、通信接口以及固件升级接口。
本发明实施例提供的增材制造设备，采用了常温下为固态的液态金属材料，通过将凝固的液态金属加热成液态进行打印后，所打印出的图形能在常温下自然地凝固，因此可不受液态金属流动性的影响，显著地扩大了制造设备的应用范围。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的增材制造设备的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例的增材制造设备的局部放大示意图；
图3为本发明实施例的增材制造设备的打印组件的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例的增材制造设备的打印组件的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例的增材制造设备的打印筒的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例的增材制造设备的打印筒的***图。
其中，1、主体；11、翻盖；12、控制面板；2、操作台；3、运动机构；31、压轮；4、打印组件；41、打印筒；411、加热装置；412、打印管；42、打印头；421、连接器；43、控制装置；431、连接机构；44、墨盒；441、墨盒托架；45、液位传感器；46、封胶筒；47、光固化灯。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确限定，所使用的术语应做广义理解，例如“相连”、“连接”等可以是固定连接，也可以是 可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，还可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
参看图1-5，本发明实施例提供一种增材制造设备，包括：主体1、操作台2、运动机构3以及打印组件4；
操作台2设置在主体1的底部；
运动机构3设置在操作台2的上方，且两端与主体1的两侧部分别连接；运动机构3的下方设置有至少一个压轮31，以压住操作台2上放置的基材，并且通过自身的旋转控制基材在操作台2的前后方向上移动；
打印组件4固定在运动机构3上，且可沿运动机构3滑动；打印组件4包括打印筒41、打印头42以及控制装置43，打印筒41与打印头42连通，控制装置43通过连接机构431控制打印头42的伸缩；
打印时，打印筒41对其内凝固的液态金属进行加热，以使熔化后的液态金属流入打印头42；打印组件4与压轮31分别移动打印头42和基材，以使打印头42位于基材上需要打印的位置，控制装置43伸长打印头42使其与基材接触，使得液态金属附着在基材上，从而进行打印；
其中，液态金属在室温下为固态。
可以理解的是，本发明实施例提供的制造设备，虽然可使用常温下为固态的液态金属进行打印，但并不限于此，其同样可使用常温下为液态的液态金属进行打印。在一个实施例中，本发明实施例提供的制造设备使用了常温下为液态的液态金属，并取得了极好的打印效果。
具体地，在本发明的一个实施例中，运动机构3通过电机(图中未示出)以及传动结构(图中未示出)控制打印组件4沿运动机构3滑动。
优选地，电机可以是步进电机，传动结构可以是皮带和/或传动杆。
优选地，在本发明的一个实施例中，主体1上还设置有翻盖11，当放入或取出基材时，翻盖11打开；当进行打印时，翻盖11闭合，以形成密闭的打印空间，从而避免因外界的环境影响(例如杂质掉到基材上、空气剧烈流动使得液态金属偏离打印点等)而干扰打印。
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，主体1的侧部上还设置有控制 面板12，该控制面板12至少包括控制模块和显示模块，控制模块用于设置制造设备的参数以及控制制造设备的操作，显示模块用于显示制造设备的打印状态以及各项参数值等。
当然，控制面板12的具体功能以及设置的位置还可根据实际情况进行调整，例如，可将控制面板12设置在翻盖11上等，本发明实施例对此不作限定。
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，主体1的侧部上还设置有电源接口、开关、通信接口以及固件升级接口(图中未示出)等，以进一步提高制造设备的控制性能和信息化水平。
具体地，在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地采用了熔点为40-80℃的液态金属，熔点处于该范围内的液态金属，可在打印完成后即在常温下由液态自然凝固成固态。进而实现固态图形的打印。
当然，在保持室温下为固态的情况下，液态金属的熔点还可以根据实际情况进行调整，本发明实施例对此不作限定。
具体地，在本发明的一个实施例中，打印组件4还包括与打印筒41连通的墨盒44，以及液位传感器45；
当液位传感器45监测到打印筒41中的液位低于预设值时，则使墨盒44中存储的凝固的液态金属进入到打印筒41中。
其中，墨盒44可通过墨盒托架441与打印组件4固定，如图4所示。
优选地，墨盒44中存储的凝固的液态金属为滚珠结构，以便于滑入到打印筒41中。
进一步地，液位传感器45可与墨盒44的开关通信连接，当液位传感器45监测到打印筒41中的液位低于预设值时，则会使墨盒44的开关打开，从而使凝固的液态金属滚入到打印筒41中。凝固的液态金属进入到打印筒41中受热熔化后，会使的打印筒41中的液位上升到另一预设值，则此时液位传感器45使墨盒44的开关关闭，阻止过多的液态金属进入到打印筒41中。
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，打印头42上还设置有局部热熔装置(未示出)，例如热风枪或低温电焊枪等，用于将基材上打印的局部图形加热成液态，从而实现重复线条和/或交叉线的打印。
对于已打印的图形，由于液态金属会在室温下凝固，重复打印线条和打印交叉线条时会破坏原有的图形。因此设置了局部热熔装置后，可实现对打印图形的局部熔融，进而可实现重复线条和交叉线条的打印。
另一方面，局部热熔装置将局部图形加热成液态后，还可相应地放置电子元器件，以进行电子元器件的焊接。
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，操作台2的背面还设置有加热组件，用于对基材进行加热。加热组件的设置，可以对基材进行预加热，从而便于通过局部热熔装置进行重复线条和交叉线条的打印。
在本发明的一些实施例中，局部热熔装置采用了50-150℃的热风枪和/或50-150℃的低温电焊枪。
优选地，在本发明的一个实施例中，打印筒41为夹层结构，夹层中设置有加热装置411，以加热凝固的液态金属。
其中，加热装置411可以是加热棒，加热棒***打印筒41的夹层中，从而实现对凝固的液态金属的加热。如图5所示。
优选地，在本发明的一个实施例中，控制装置43为电磁铁。电磁铁通过连接机构431控制打印头42的伸缩。在打印时，若打印头42到达了打印位置，则电磁铁使打印头42伸长到与基材接触，从而进行打印；完成该阶段的打印后，电磁铁则使打印头42缩回，等打印头42到达下一打印位置后，再重复上述操作，直到完成对基板的打印。
优选地，在本发明的一个实施例中，压轮31的数量为三个，分别设置在运动机构3的左右两侧以及中部，如图2所示。其中，设置在左右两侧的压轮31中的其中一个高度固定，其他压轮31通过电机的控制落下或抬起；各压轮31均通过电机以及传动结构实现转动。
压轮31的上述设置，可实现打印幅面的切换，以适用于不同尺寸的基材。例如，可根据基材的大小，使中部的压轮31降下和/或使右侧的压轮31降下以压住基材，从而带动基材使其沿操作台2的前后方向运动。
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，打印组件4还包括与打印筒41并排设置的封胶筒46，以对打印出的图形进行封胶。
具体地，制造设备可在完成所有图形的打印后，可通过移动打印组件4和基材，使封胶筒46对整个基材上的图形进行封胶；或者使封胶筒46 随着打印头42完成打印后，即刻对打印出的图形进行封胶。
进一步地，在本发明的一个实施例中，打印组件4还包括与封胶筒46相邻设置的光固化灯47，以加快凝固用于封胶的胶体(尤其是当胶体为光敏材料胶体时)。
优选地，在本发明的一个实施例中，打印筒41与打印组件4可拆卸地连接，打印头42与打印筒41可拆卸地连接。由于液态金属氧化，以及杂质的存在等，打印头42和打印筒41中难免出现堵塞或污染。因此该设计可便于拆卸打印筒41和打印头42，从而实现对打印头42和打印筒41的清洁或更换。
具体地，打印头42可通过连接器421与打印筒41中的打印管412连接；打印管412嵌入打印筒41，用于容纳液态金属并通过连接器421向打印头42输送液态金属，如图6所示。
本发明实施例提供的增材制造设备，由于使用了室温下即为固态的液态金属材料，因此打印出的图形无需后续高温烧结处理即可自然固化，进而实现了电子电路图的快速打印。
相对于现有的电子电路打印易受液态金属流动性的影响而只能制作单面电路，本发明实施例提供的增材制造设备可实现双面电路或多面电路的打印，明显地扩大了应用范围。
此外，相对于现有的电子电路打印易受液态金属流动性的影响而只能使用贴片式电子元器件，本发明实施例提供的增材制造设备可对基材进行PCB过孔，并使用插针式电子元器件。
以下，将描述使用本发明实施例提供的增材制造设备的方法以及打印过程:
S1、连接电源，打开设备；
S2、将翻盖11打开，在操作台2上放入基材，并将基材推至压轮31处；
S3、根据基材的大小，调整和/或切换各压轮31，以便压轮可控制基材在操作台2前后方向上的移动；
S4、通过控制面板使设备开始打印操作；
其中，设备进行打印操作具体包括：
S41、打印组件4与压轮31分别移动打印头42和基材，以使打印头42位于基材上需要打印的位置；
S42、控制装置43伸长打印头42使其与基材接触，使得液态金属附着在基材上，从而进行打印；
其中，在不需要打印的位置，控制装置43使打印头42缩回，等打印头42到达下一打印位置后，再重复上述操作，直到完成对基板的打印。
S5、打印完成后，压轮31将基材退回，打开翻盖11后即可取出基材。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种增材制造设备，其特征在于，包括：主体、操作台、运动机构以及打印组件；
    所述操作台设置在所述主体的底部；
    所述运动机构设置在所述操作台的上方，且两端与所述主体的两侧部分别连接；所述运动机构的下方设置有至少一个压轮，以压住所述操作台上放置的基材，并且通过自身的旋转控制基材在所述操作台的前后方向上移动；
    所述打印组件固定在所述运动机构上，且可沿所述运动机构滑动；所述打印组件包括打印筒、打印头以及控制装置，所述打印筒与所述打印头连通，所述控制装置通过连接机构控制所述打印头的伸缩；
    打印时，所述打印筒对其内凝固的液态金属进行加热，以使熔化后的液态金属流入所述打印头；所述打印组件与所述压轮分别移动所述打印头和基材，以使所述打印头位于基材上需要打印的位置，所述控制装置伸长所述打印头使其与基材接触，使得所述液态金属附着在基材上，从而进行打印；
    其中，所述液态金属在室温下为固态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述打印组件还包括与所述打印筒连通的墨盒，以及液位传感器；
    当所述液位传感器监测到所述打印筒中的液位低于预设值时，则使所述墨盒中存储的凝固的液态金属进入到所述打印筒中。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述打印头上设置有局部热熔装置，用于将基材上打印的局部图形加热成液态，从而实现重复线条和/或交叉线的打印。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述操作台的背面设置有加热组件，用于对基材进行加热。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述打印筒为夹层结构，夹层中设置有加热装置，以加热所述的凝固的液态金属。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述控制装置为电磁铁。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述压轮的数量为三个，分别设置在所述运动机构的左右两侧以及中部；
    其中，设置在左右两侧的压轮中的其中一个高度固定，其他所述压轮通过电机的控制落下或抬起；
    各所述压轮通过所述电机以及传动结构实现转动。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述液态金属的熔点为40-80℃。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述打印组件还包括与所述打印筒并排设置的封胶筒，以对打印出的图形进行封胶。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述打印组件还包括与所述封胶筒相邻设置的光固化灯，以加快凝固用于封胶的胶体。
  11. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述打印筒与所述打印组件可拆卸地连接，所述打印头与所述打印筒可拆卸地连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述打印头通过连接器与所述打印筒中的打印管连接；所述打印管嵌入所述打印筒，用于容纳所述液态金属并通过所述连接器向所述打印头输送所述液态金属。
  13. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述主体上还设置有翻盖；
    当放入或取出基材时，所述翻盖打开；当进行打印时，所述翻盖闭合，以形成密闭的打印空间。
  14. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述主体的侧部上设置有控制面板。
  15. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的制造设备，其特征在于，所述主体的侧部上还设置有电源接口、开关、通信接口以及固件升级接口。
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