WO2019128285A1 - Anti-carburetion method for producing low-carbon and low-sulfur steel by means of lf refining furnace - Google Patents

Anti-carburetion method for producing low-carbon and low-sulfur steel by means of lf refining furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019128285A1
WO2019128285A1 PCT/CN2018/103375 CN2018103375W WO2019128285A1 WO 2019128285 A1 WO2019128285 A1 WO 2019128285A1 CN 2018103375 W CN2018103375 W CN 2018103375W WO 2019128285 A1 WO2019128285 A1 WO 2019128285A1
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slag
steel
ladle
furnace
controlled
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PCT/CN2018/103375
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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曹余良
朱宁
周贺贺
吴国平
聂真来
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南京钢铁股份有限公司
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Priority to RU2020124717A priority Critical patent/RU2750303C1/en
Publication of WO2019128285A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019128285A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0075—Treating in a ladle furnace, e.g. up-/reheating of molten steel within the ladle
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a steelmaking process in the metallurgical field, and relates to a method for preventing carbonation by producing a low carbon low sulfur steel in a 150 ton LF refining furnace.
  • Low-sulfur and low-carbon ([S] ⁇ 0.0015%, [C] ⁇ 0.055%) steel mainly acid-resistant pipeline steel, cryogenic vessels and ultra-high-strength ship plate high value-added steel.
  • the LF furnace still needs further deep desulfurization.
  • the deep desulfurization of the LF furnace will heat the LF furnace electrode for a long time, resulting in an increase in the molten steel electrode.
  • Severe carbon, ultra-low sulfur and low-carbon control have formed a contradiction, resulting in the series of high value-added varieties of steel can not be stable production, the rate of change is high, and the cost of smelting remains high.
  • a LF refining furnace is proposed to produce a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, by optimizing the submerged arc effect of the ladle top slag, improving the thermal efficiency of the electrode and reducing the molten steel.
  • the research and control of the scouring of the electrode makes the low-sulfur low-carbon ([S] ⁇ 0.0015%, [C] ⁇ 0.055%) steel, the carbonation content in the smelting process of the whole LF refining furnace is controlled within 0.015%, the smelting end point
  • the composition control is stable and accurate, and the purity of molten steel meets the requirements of high-quality molten steel, which reduces the rate of change and improves economic benefits.
  • the technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is realized by optimizing the power supply mode, deoxidation slagging and argon bottom blowing by the smelting process, and the specific technical solutions are:
  • An anti-carbonation method for producing low carbon and low sulfur steel in LF refining furnace comprising the following steps:
  • (1) LF furnace waiting station After the molten steel reaches the LF furnace processing station, observe the steel hydration slag condition. At the stop position, the bottom blow flow control of the ladle is initially 45-55NL/min. After 2 minutes, if the argon gas is not adjustable If the temperature is still 95-105NL/min, if it still has no effect after 2 minutes, it should be opened to the working position as soon as possible to measure the temperature after the slag is broken. It is forbidden to open the bypass slag and stop the molten steel from being exposed;
  • Steel aluminum wire is used for slag deoxidation, while steel water is fed with 1.0-1.5m/t steel aluminum wire for deoxidation of molten steel, ensuring that the weight of pre-slag (TFe) is ⁇ 1.50%, and the weight of molten steel [Als] is ⁇ 0.015%; Steel has strong reducibility to prevent oxidative attack on high temperature electrodes;
  • the power supply mode improve the thermal efficiency, and carry out rapid temperature desulfurization alloying; at this stage, it is necessary to maintain the reductive property and fluidity of the slag.
  • add lime and fluorite in batches and add lime to each batch. Less than 2Kg / t steel, the amount of fluorite added is less than 0.60Kg / t steel per batch, the total slag amount of ladle top slag is controlled at 12-14Kg / t steel; according to the production section, 3 to 4 batches are added to the slag surface Aluminum wire, adding 0.12-0.15Kg/t steel aluminum wire per batch for slagging;
  • (IV) LF furnace processing at the end According to the production rhythm, the temperature is fine-tuned, and the long-arc power supply mode is adopted, and the bottom blowing flow rate of the ladle is controlled to 150-200 NL/min.
  • the aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method.
  • the steel hydration slag condition is observed.
  • the ladle bottom blowing flow control is initially 50 NL/min. After 2 minutes, if the argon gas is not adjustable, it will be 100NL/min. If it still has no effect after 2 minutes, it needs to be opened to the working position as soon as possible to measure the temperature after slag, and it is forbidden to open the bypass slag. It is forbidden to expose molten steel.
  • the aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method.
  • the LF furnace treatment period is 3-5 minutes after the start of the LF furnace treatment.
  • the aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method.
  • the bypass is opened to open the slag.
  • the foregoing LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method.
  • the LF furnace treatment period is 5-25 min after the start of the LF furnace treatment.
  • the aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method.
  • the aluminum wire is added to the slag surface in three batches.
  • the aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, wherein in step (4), the ladle bottom blowing flow rate is controlled to 200 NL/min.
  • the aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, wherein in step (3), the lower electrode treatment process, the ladle bottom blowing flow rate is controlled to 400 NL/min.
  • the aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, wherein in step (3), lime and fluorite are added in three batches.
  • Low-sulfur and low-carbon ([S] ⁇ 0.0015%, [C] ⁇ 0.055%) steel mainly acid-resistant pipeline steel, cryogenic vessels and ultra-high-strength ship plate high value-added steel.
  • the LF refining furnace needs further deep desulfurization. The deep desulfurization will heat the LF furnace electrode for a long time, resulting in serious carbonation of the molten steel electrode. Ultra-low sulfur and low-carbon demand create a contradiction.
  • the present invention fully considers the metallurgical kinetics and thermodynamics of the LF furnace treatment process, optimizes the slag forming process of the LF furnace treatment process, the electrode treatment mode and the bottom blowing flow rate of the ladle, so that the LF furnace smelts the low carbon low sulfur steel process, While ensuring stable control of sulfur content, the process carbonization stability is controlled within 0.015%.
  • the invention breaks through the restrictive link of deep desulfurization leading to carbon increase, and solves the problem of increasing carbonation in the process of producing low carbon low sulfur steel in 150 tons of LF refining furnace, and ensures the height of acid resistant pipeline steel, low temperature container and ultra high strength ship plate. The production sequence of added value varieties of steel, the quality of molten steel is stable, and the defective products are reduced.
  • This embodiment is a control process for preventing low carbon and low sulfur steel from producing 150 tons of LF refining furnace to prevent carbonation in the process.
  • the process adopts research and control to optimize the submerged arc effect of ladle top slag, improve the thermal efficiency of the electrode and reduce the erosion of the molten steel counter electrode.
  • the carbonization content in the LF refining process is controlled within 0.015%, the composition of the smelting end point is stable and accurate, and the purity of molten steel Meet the requirements of high-quality molten steel, reduce the rate of change and improve economic efficiency.
  • the invention is realized by optimizing the power supply mode, deoxidation slagging and argon bottom blowing by the smelting process.
  • This project selects 150 tons of LF refining furnace to produce X65MS steel.
  • the main chemical composition is shown in Table 1.
  • the whole LF refining process is controlled as follows:
  • the color of the top slag of the ladle turns white, the temperature of the molten steel is 1625 ° C, the power supply is stopped, the flow rate of the bottom of the ladle is controlled to 500 NL/min, and deep desulfurization is carried out with large stirring.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides an anti-carburetion method for producing low-carbon and low-sulfur steel by means of an LF refining furnace. A bottom blowing flow rate of a ladle at a station to be treated of an LF furnace is controlled to initially range from 45 NL/min to 55 NL/min, and after molten steel reaches a work station and a furnace cover is closed in place, the bottom blowing flow rate of the ladle is controlled to range from 150 NL/min to 200 NL/min; 0.20-0.25 Kg/t of steel-aluminum wires are added to ladle slag for slag deoxidation, and 1.0-1.5 m/t of steel-aluminum wires are fed into the molten steel for molten steel deoxidation. In a lower electrode treatment process, the bottom blowing flow rate of the ladle is controlled to range from 250 NL/min to 400 NL/min, and the total amount of the ladle slag is controlled to range from 12 Kg/t steel to 14 Kg/t steel. Aluminum wires are added into a slag face in batches, and 0.12-0.15 Kg/t of steel-aluminum wires are added in each batch for slag formation. The bottom blowing flow rate of the ladle is controlled to range from 150 NL/min to 200 NL/min. By means of the present invention, the carburization content during the entire smelting process of an LF refining furnace can be stably controlled within 0.015%, components at the smelting end point are stably and accurately controlled, so that the purity of molten steel meets the requirements for high-quality molten steel, the judgment changing rate is reduced, and economic benefits are improved.

Description

一种LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法Anti-carbonation method for producing low carbon and low sulfur steel by LF refining furnace 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于冶金领域的一种炼钢工艺，涉及150吨LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防止增碳方法。The invention belongs to a steelmaking process in the metallurgical field, and relates to a method for preventing carbonation by producing a low carbon low sulfur steel in a 150 ton LF refining furnace.
背景技术Background technique
低硫低碳([S]≤0.0015％、[C]≤0.055％)钢，主要是抗酸管线钢、低温容器和超高强船板高附加值钢材。对碳、硫的特殊要求，及钢水纯净度要求，需要转炉低碳低硫出钢，LF炉仍然要进一步深脱硫，LF炉的深脱硫，会使LF炉电极长时间加热，导致钢水电极增碳严重，超低硫和低碳控制形成了矛盾，致使该系列高附加值品种钢不能稳定生产，改判率偏高，冶炼成本居高不下。Low-sulfur and low-carbon ([S]≤0.0015%, [C]≤0.055%) steel, mainly acid-resistant pipeline steel, cryogenic vessels and ultra-high-strength ship plate high value-added steel. For the special requirements of carbon and sulfur, and the purity requirements of molten steel, it is necessary to converter low-carbon low-sulfur steel. The LF furnace still needs further deep desulfurization. The deep desulfurization of the LF furnace will heat the LF furnace electrode for a long time, resulting in an increase in the molten steel electrode. Severe carbon, ultra-low sulfur and low-carbon control have formed a contradiction, resulting in the series of high value-added varieties of steel can not be stable production, the rate of change is high, and the cost of smelting remains high.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，针对以上现有技术存在的缺点，提出一种LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，通过优化钢包顶渣埋弧效果、提高电极热效率和降低钢水对电极的冲刷方面的研究控制，使低硫低碳([S]≤0.0015％、[C]≤0.055％)钢，在整个LF精炼炉冶炼过程增碳含量稳定控制在0.015％以内，冶炼终点成分控制稳定精确，钢水纯净度满足高品质钢水的要求，降低了改判率，提高经济效益。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in view of the shortcomings of the above prior art, a LF refining furnace is proposed to produce a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, by optimizing the submerged arc effect of the ladle top slag, improving the thermal efficiency of the electrode and reducing the molten steel. The research and control of the scouring of the electrode makes the low-sulfur low-carbon ([S]≤0.0015%, [C]≤0.055%) steel, the carbonation content in the smelting process of the whole LF refining furnace is controlled within 0.015%, the smelting end point The composition control is stable and accurate, and the purity of molten steel meets the requirements of high-quality molten steel, which reduces the rate of change and improves economic benefits.
本发明解决以上技术问题的技术方案是是由冶炼过程对供电模式、脱氧造渣、氩气底吹进行优化来实现的，具体技术方案为：The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is realized by optimizing the power supply mode, deoxidation slagging and argon bottom blowing by the smelting process, and the specific technical solutions are:
一种LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，包括以下步骤：An anti-carbonation method for producing low carbon and low sulfur steel in LF refining furnace, comprising the following steps:
㈠LF炉待处理工位：钢水到LF炉处理工位后，观察钢水化渣情况，在停靠位，钢包底吹流量控制初始为45-55NL/min,2分钟后如果氩气上不来可调大为95-105NL/min,再过2分钟后如仍无效果，则需尽快开到工作位破渣后测温，停靠位禁止打开旁通破渣，禁止钢水 裸露；(1) LF furnace waiting station: After the molten steel reaches the LF furnace processing station, observe the steel hydration slag condition. At the stop position, the bottom blow flow control of the ladle is initially 45-55NL/min. After 2 minutes, if the argon gas is not adjustable If the temperature is still 95-105NL/min, if it still has no effect after 2 minutes, it should be opened to the working position as soon as possible to measure the temperature after the slag is broken. It is forbidden to open the bypass slag and stop the molten steel from being exposed;
㈡LF炉处理前期：钢水到工作位将炉盖盖好后，钢包底吹流量控制为150-200NL/min；化渣阶段，初渣结壳严重，埋弧效果差，采用弧长最短的供电模式；下电极处理2-3min后，停止供电，底吹流量不变，观察炉内底吹实际效果，并测温，根据化渣情况判断是否现在加入石灰；钢包顶渣加入0.20-0.25Kg/t钢铝丝进行渣脱氧，同时钢水中喂入1.0-1.5m/t钢铝线进行钢水脱氧，确保前期渣中(TFe)重量百分比≤1.50％，钢水[Als]重量百分比≥0.015％；即渣、钢具有较强的还原性，防止对高温电极的氧化侵蚀；(II) Pre-treatment of LF furnace: After the furnace cover is covered by molten steel to the working position, the bottom blow flow control of the ladle is 150-200NL/min; in the slag stage, the initial slag crust is serious, the submerged arc effect is poor, and the shortest arc power supply mode is adopted. After the lower electrode is treated for 2-3 minutes, the power supply is stopped, the bottom blowing flow rate is unchanged, the actual effect of the bottom blowing in the furnace is observed, and the temperature is measured. According to the slag condition, it is judged whether lime is added now; the ladle top slag is added to 0.20-0.25 Kg/t. Steel aluminum wire is used for slag deoxidation, while steel water is fed with 1.0-1.5m/t steel aluminum wire for deoxidation of molten steel, ensuring that the weight of pre-slag (TFe) is ≤ 1.50%, and the weight of molten steel [Als] is ≥ 0.015%; Steel has strong reducibility to prevent oxidative attack on high temperature electrodes;
㈢LF炉处理中期：此阶段防止钢水冲刷电极的前提下，充分利用动力学条件进行搅拌脱硫合金化，下电极处理过程，钢包底吹流量控制为250-400NL/min，当钢包顶渣形成白后，钢水温度大于1600℃，停止供电，钢包底吹流量控制为500-600NL/min，进行大搅拌深脱硫；造渣脱硫合金化阶段，渣也具有还原性，埋弧效果较好，采用长弧的供电模式，提高热效率，进行快速升温脱硫合金化；此阶段需保持渣的还原性和流动性，每次取样时，观察渣面情况，分批次加入石灰和萤石，石灰加入量每批次小于2Kg/t钢，萤石加入量每批次小于0.60Kg/t钢，钢包顶渣总渣量控制在12-14Kg/t钢；根据生产节凑分3～4批次向渣面加入铝丝，每批次加入量0.12-0.15Kg/t钢铝丝进行造渣；(III) Mid-stage treatment of LF furnace: In this stage, under the premise of preventing molten steel from scouring the electrode, the kinetic conditions are fully utilized for stirring and desulfurization alloying, and the lower electrode treatment process, the bottom blowing flow rate of the ladle is controlled to 250-400 NL/min, when the ladle top slag is formed white The temperature of the molten steel is more than 1600 °C, the power supply is stopped, the bottom blowing flow rate of the ladle is controlled to 500-600 NL/min, and the large agitation deep desulfurization is carried out; during the slag desulfurization alloying stage, the slag is also reduced, the submerged arc effect is good, and the long arc is adopted. The power supply mode, improve the thermal efficiency, and carry out rapid temperature desulfurization alloying; at this stage, it is necessary to maintain the reductive property and fluidity of the slag. When sampling each time, observe the slag surface condition, add lime and fluorite in batches, and add lime to each batch. Less than 2Kg / t steel, the amount of fluorite added is less than 0.60Kg / t steel per batch, the total slag amount of ladle top slag is controlled at 12-14Kg / t steel; according to the production section, 3 to 4 batches are added to the slag surface Aluminum wire, adding 0.12-0.15Kg/t steel aluminum wire per batch for slagging;
㈣LF炉处理末期：根据生产节奏，进行温度微调，采用长弧的供电模式，钢包底吹流量控制为150-200NL/min。(IV) LF furnace processing at the end: According to the production rhythm, the temperature is fine-tuned, and the long-arc power supply mode is adopted, and the bottom blowing flow rate of the ladle is controlled to 150-200 NL/min.
本发明进一步限定的技术方案是：The technical solution further defined by the present invention is:
前述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其中步骤㈠中，钢水到LF炉处理工位后，观察钢水化渣情况，在停靠位，钢包底吹流量控制初始为50NL/min,2分钟以后如果氩气上不来可调大为100NL/min,再过2分钟后如仍无效果，则需尽快开到工作位破渣后测温，停靠位禁止打开旁通破渣，禁止钢水裸露。The aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method. In the step (1), after the molten steel reaches the LF furnace processing station, the steel hydration slag condition is observed. At the stop position, the ladle bottom blowing flow control is initially 50 NL/min. After 2 minutes, if the argon gas is not adjustable, it will be 100NL/min. If it still has no effect after 2 minutes, it needs to be opened to the working position as soon as possible to measure the temperature after slag, and it is forbidden to open the bypass slag. It is forbidden to expose molten steel.
前述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其中步骤㈡中，所述LF炉处理前期为LF炉处理开始后3-5min。The aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method. In the step (2), the LF furnace treatment period is 3-5 minutes after the start of the LF furnace treatment.
前述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其中步骤㈡中，钢包底所吹不好时打旁通将渣子通开。The aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method. In the step (2), when the bottom of the ladle is not blown well, the bypass is opened to open the slag.
前述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其中步骤㈢中，所述LF炉处理中期为LF炉处理开始后5-25min。The foregoing LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method. In the step (3), the LF furnace treatment period is 5-25 min after the start of the LF furnace treatment.
前述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其中步骤㈢中，分3批次向渣面加入铝丝。The aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method. In the step (3), the aluminum wire is added to the slag surface in three batches.
前述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其中步骤㈣中，钢包底吹流量控制为200NL/min。The aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, wherein in step (4), the ladle bottom blowing flow rate is controlled to 200 NL/min.
前述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其中步骤㈢中，下电极处理过程，钢包底吹流量控制为400NL/min。The aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, wherein in step (3), the lower electrode treatment process, the ladle bottom blowing flow rate is controlled to 400 NL/min.
前述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其中步骤㈢中，分3批次加入石灰和萤石。The aforementioned LF refining furnace produces a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, wherein in step (3), lime and fluorite are added in three batches.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the invention are:
低硫低碳([S]≤0.0015％、[C]≤0.055％)钢，主要是抗酸管线钢、低温容器和超高强船板高附加值钢材。对碳、硫的特殊要求，及钢水纯净度要求，在转炉低碳低硫出钢后，需LF精炼炉进一步深脱硫，深脱硫会使LF炉电极长时间加热，导致钢水电极增碳严重，超低硫和低碳需求形成了矛盾。为了突破这个限制性环节，本发明充分考虑LF炉处理过程冶金动力学和热力学，优化LF炉处理过程造渣工艺、电极处理模式和钢包底吹流量，使LF炉冶炼低碳低硫钢过程，在保证硫含量得到稳定控制的同时，过程增碳稳定控制在0.015％以内。本发明突破深脱硫导致增碳这个限制性环节，解决了150吨LF精炼炉在生产低碳低硫钢过程增碳多的问题，保证了抗酸管线钢、低温容器和超高强船板等高附加值品种钢生产顺序， 钢水质量稳定，不良品降低。Low-sulfur and low-carbon ([S]≤0.0015%, [C]≤0.055%) steel, mainly acid-resistant pipeline steel, cryogenic vessels and ultra-high-strength ship plate high value-added steel. For the special requirements of carbon and sulfur, and the purity requirements of molten steel, after the low-carbon low-sulfur tapping of the converter, the LF refining furnace needs further deep desulfurization. The deep desulfurization will heat the LF furnace electrode for a long time, resulting in serious carbonation of the molten steel electrode. Ultra-low sulfur and low-carbon demand create a contradiction. In order to break through this restrictive link, the present invention fully considers the metallurgical kinetics and thermodynamics of the LF furnace treatment process, optimizes the slag forming process of the LF furnace treatment process, the electrode treatment mode and the bottom blowing flow rate of the ladle, so that the LF furnace smelts the low carbon low sulfur steel process, While ensuring stable control of sulfur content, the process carbonization stability is controlled within 0.015%. The invention breaks through the restrictive link of deep desulfurization leading to carbon increase, and solves the problem of increasing carbonation in the process of producing low carbon low sulfur steel in 150 tons of LF refining furnace, and ensures the height of acid resistant pipeline steel, low temperature container and ultra high strength ship plate. The production sequence of added value varieties of steel, the quality of molten steel is stable, and the defective products are reduced.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1Example 1
本实施例是一种150吨LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防止过程增碳的控制工艺，该工艺采用优化钢包顶渣埋弧效果、提高电极热效率和降低钢水对电极的冲刷方面的研究控制，使低硫低碳([S]≤0.0015％、[C]≤0.055％)钢，在整个LF精炼炉冶炼过程增碳含量稳定控制在0.015％以内，冶炼终点成分控制稳定精确，钢水纯净度满足高品质钢水的要求，降低了改判率，提高经济效益。本发明是由冶炼过程对供电模式、脱氧造渣、氩气底吹进行优化来实现的。This embodiment is a control process for preventing low carbon and low sulfur steel from producing 150 tons of LF refining furnace to prevent carbonation in the process. The process adopts research and control to optimize the submerged arc effect of ladle top slag, improve the thermal efficiency of the electrode and reduce the erosion of the molten steel counter electrode. To make the low-sulfur low-carbon ([S]≤0.0015%, [C]≤0.055%) steel, the carbonization content in the LF refining process is controlled within 0.015%, the composition of the smelting end point is stable and accurate, and the purity of molten steel Meet the requirements of high-quality molten steel, reduce the rate of change and improve economic efficiency. The invention is realized by optimizing the power supply mode, deoxidation slagging and argon bottom blowing by the smelting process.
本实施选择150吨LF精炼炉生产X65MS钢种,工艺路线：铁水预处理→BOF→LF精炼炉→RH精炼炉→CCM，其主要化学成分见表1，整个LF精炼冶炼过程控制如下：This project selects 150 tons of LF refining furnace to produce X65MS steel. The process route: hot metal pretreatment→BOF→LF refining furnace→RH refining furnace→CCM. The main chemical composition is shown in Table 1. The whole LF refining process is controlled as follows:
表1 X65MS主要化学成份(％)Table 1 Main chemical components of X65MS (%)
Figure PCTCN2018103375-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018103375-appb-000001
(1)LF精炼炉前期(3～5min)，化渣阶段。钢水到LF炉处理工位后，观察钢水化渣情况，在停靠位，钢包底吹流量控制初始为50NL/min(初始流量设定为50NL/min)，2分钟后如果氩气上不来可调大为100NL/min,再过2分钟后如仍无效果，则需尽快开到工作位破渣后测温，停靠位禁止打开旁通破渣，禁止钢水裸露。(1) LF refining furnace in the early stage (3 ~ 5min), slag stage. After the molten steel reaches the LF furnace treatment station, observe the condition of the steel hydration slag. At the stop position, the bottom blow flow control of the ladle is initially 50NL/min (the initial flow rate is set to 50NL/min), and if the argon gas does not come after 2 minutes. If the adjustment is as large as 100NL/min, if there is still no effect after 2 minutes, it needs to be opened to the working position as soon as possible to measure the temperature after the slag is broken. It is forbidden to open the bypass slag and stop the molten steel from being exposed.
(2)LF炉处理前期(3～5min)。钢水到工作位将炉盖盖好后，钢包底吹流量控制为 150-200NL/min。采用短弧供电模式，电极的电流、电压6:10，下电极化渣，1-2分钟电弧稳定后,提电极，底吹开度不变，炉长观察炉内底吹实际效果，根据化渣情况加入石灰200Kg，加入30-40kg铝丝，喂入铝线200米，继续升温。(2) LF furnace treatment in the early stage (3 ~ 5min). After the molten steel reaches the working position and the furnace cover is covered, the bottom blow flow rate of the ladle is controlled to 150-200 NL/min. Using short-arc power supply mode, the current and voltage of the electrode are 6:10, the lower electrode is slag, and after 1-2 minutes of arc stabilization, the electrode is lifted, the bottom blowing degree is unchanged, and the furnace length observes the actual effect of the bottom blowing in the furnace. In the case of slag, 200 kg of lime was added, 30-40 kg of aluminum wire was added, and the aluminum wire was fed 200 m, and the temperature was further increased.
表2 LF精炼炉第1样(％)Table 2 LF refining furnace first sample (%)
Figure PCTCN2018103375-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2018103375-appb-000002
(3)LF炉处理中期(5～25min)。下电极处理过程，钢包底吹流量控制为400NL/min；采用长弧的供电模式，电极的电流、电压6:10，观察渣面情况，分两批次加入石灰、萤石，石灰加入量每批次250Kg，萤石加入量每批次50Kg；分3批次向渣面加入铝丝，每批次加入量25Kg铝丝进行造渣。钢包顶渣颜色变白，钢水温度1625℃，停止供电，钢包底吹流量控制为500NL/min，进行大搅拌深脱硫。(3) LF furnace treatment medium (5 ~ 25min). In the lower electrode treatment process, the bottom blow flow rate of the ladle is controlled to 400 NL/min; the long arc power supply mode is used, the current and voltage of the electrode are 6:10, and the slag surface condition is observed. Lime and fluorite are added in two batches, and the amount of lime added is Batch 250Kg, fluorite addition amount 50Kg per batch; aluminum wire was added to the slag surface in 3 batches, and 25Kg aluminum wire was added in each batch for slagging. The color of the top slag of the ladle turns white, the temperature of the molten steel is 1625 ° C, the power supply is stopped, the flow rate of the bottom of the ladle is controlled to 500 NL/min, and deep desulfurization is carried out with large stirring.
表3 LF精炼炉白渣成分(％)Table 3 LF refining furnace white slag composition (%)
Figure PCTCN2018103375-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2018103375-appb-000003
(4)LF炉处理末期。采用长弧的供电模式，钢包底吹流量控制为200NL/min。(4) The end of the LF furnace treatment. With a long arc power supply mode, the ladle bottom blow flow is controlled to 200 NL/min.
表4 LF结束钢水主要成分(％)Table 4 Main components of molten steel at LF end (%)
Figure PCTCN2018103375-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2018103375-appb-000004
除上述实施例外，本发明还可以有其他实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求的保护范围。Other than the above-described embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. Any technical solution formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

  1. 一种LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：An anti-carbonation method for producing low-carbon and low-sulfur steel in LF refining furnace, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
    (一)LF炉待处理工位：钢水到LF炉处理工位后，观察钢水化渣情况，在停靠位，钢包底吹流量控制初始为45-55NL/min，2分钟后如果氩气上不来可调大为95-105NL/min，再过2分钟后如仍无效果，则需尽快开到工作位破渣后测温，停靠位禁止打开旁通破渣，禁止钢水裸露；(1) LF furnace waiting station: After the molten steel reaches the LF furnace processing station, observe the steel hydration slag condition. At the stop position, the bottom blow flow control of the ladle is initially 45-55NL/min. If the argon gas is not after 2 minutes It can be adjusted to 95-105NL/min. If it still has no effect after 2 minutes, it needs to be opened to the working position as soon as possible to measure the temperature after the slag is broken. It is forbidden to open the bypass slag and stop the molten steel from being exposed;
    (二)LF炉处理前期：钢水到工作位将炉盖盖好后，钢包底吹流量控制为150-200NL/min；化渣阶段，初渣结壳严重，埋弧效果差，采用弧长最短的供电模式；下电极处理2-3min后，停止供电，底吹流量不变，观察炉内底吹实际效果，并测温，根据化渣情况判断是否现在加入石灰；钢包顶渣加入0.20-0.25Kg/t钢铝丝进行渣脱氧，同时钢水中喂入1.0-1.5m/t钢铝线进行钢水脱氧，确保前期渣中(TFe)重量百分比≤1.50％，钢水[Als]重量百分比≥0.015％；(II) Pre-treatment of LF furnace: After the furnace cover is covered by molten steel to the working position, the bottom blow flow control of the ladle is 150-200NL/min; in the slag stage, the initial slag crust is serious, the submerged arc effect is poor, and the arc length is the shortest. The power supply mode; after the lower electrode is treated for 2-3 minutes, the power supply is stopped, the bottom blowing flow rate is unchanged, the actual effect of the bottom blowing in the furnace is observed, and the temperature is measured, and it is judged according to the slag condition whether lime is added now; the ladle top slag is added to 0.20-0.25 Kg/t steel aluminum wire is used for slag deoxidation, while steel water is fed with 1.0-1.5m/t steel aluminum wire for deoxidation of molten steel to ensure that the weight percentage of pre-slag (TFe) is less than 1.50%, and the weight of molten steel [Als] is ≥0.015%. ;
    (三)LF炉处理中期：此阶段防止钢水冲刷电极的前提下，充分利用动力学条件进行搅拌脱硫合金化，下电极处理过程，钢包底吹流量控制为250-400NL/min，当钢包顶渣形成白后，钢水温度大于1600℃，停止供电，钢包底吹流量控制为500-600NL/min，进行大搅拌深脱硫；造渣脱硫合金化阶段，渣也具有还原性，埋弧效果较好，采用长弧的供电模式，提高热效率，进行快速升温脱硫合金化；此阶段需保持渣的还原性和流动性，每次取样时，观察渣面情况，分批次加入石灰和萤石，石灰加入量每批次小于2Kg/t钢，萤石加入量每批次小于0.60Kg/t钢，钢包顶渣总渣量控制在12-14Kg/t钢；根据生产节凑分3～4批次向渣面加入铝丝，每批次加入量0.12-0.15Kg/t钢铝丝进行造渣；(III) Mid-stage treatment of LF furnace: In this stage, under the premise of preventing molten steel from scouring the electrode, the kinetic conditions are used to carry out the stirring desulfurization alloying, and the lower electrode treatment process, the bottom blowing flow rate of the ladle is controlled to 250-400 NL/min, when the ladle top slag After the formation of white, the temperature of the molten steel is more than 1600 ° C, the power supply is stopped, the bottom blowing flow rate of the ladle is controlled to 500-600 NL/min, and the large agitation deep desulfurization is carried out; during the slag desulfurization alloying stage, the slag is also reduced, and the submerged arc effect is good. Adopt long arc power supply mode to improve thermal efficiency and carry out rapid temperature desulfurization alloying; in this stage, it is necessary to maintain the reducing property and fluidity of slag. When sampling, observe the slag surface condition, add lime and fluorite in batches, and add lime. The amount of fluorite is less than 2Kg/t steel per batch. The amount of fluorite added is less than 0.60Kg/t steel per batch. The total slag content of ladle top slag is controlled at 12-14Kg/t steel. According to the production section, 3~4 batches are divided into batches. Adding aluminum wire to the slag surface, adding 0.12-0.15Kg/t steel aluminum wire per batch for slag formation;
    (四)LF炉处理末期：根据生产节奏，进行温度微调，采用长弧的供电模式，钢包底吹流量控制为150-200NL/min。(IV) LF furnace processing at the end: According to the production rhythm, the temperature is fine-tuned, and the long-arc power supply mode is adopted, and the bottom blowing flow rate of the ladle is controlled to 150-200 NL/min.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(一)中，钢水到LF炉处理工位后，观察钢水化渣情况，在停靠位，钢包底吹流量控制初始为 50NL/min，2分钟以后如果氩气上不来可调大为100NL/min，再过2分钟后如仍无效果，则需尽快开到工作位破渣后测温，停靠位禁止打开旁通破渣，禁止钢水裸露。The LF refining furnace according to claim 1 for producing a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, characterized in that: in the step (1), after the molten steel reaches the LF furnace processing station, the steel hydration slag is observed and the docking is stopped. Position, the bottom blow flow control of the ladle is initially 50NL/min. If the argon gas is not adjusted to be 100NL/min after 2 minutes, if it still has no effect after 2 minutes, it needs to be opened to the working position as soon as possible. Temperature measurement, the stop position is prohibited to open the bypass slag, and the molten steel is prohibited from being exposed.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(二)中，所述LF炉处理前期为LF炉处理开始后3-5min。The LF refining furnace according to claim 1 for producing a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, characterized in that, in the step (2), the LF furnace treatment period is 3-5 minutes after the start of the LF furnace treatment.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(二)中，钢包底所吹不好时打旁通将渣子通开。The LF refining furnace according to claim 1 for producing a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, characterized in that in the step (2), when the bottom of the ladle is not blown, the slag is opened by bypassing.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(三)中，所述LF炉处理中期为LF炉处理开始后5-25min。The LF refining furnace according to claim 1, wherein the LF furnace treatment period is 5-25 min after the start of the LF furnace treatment in the step (3).
  6. 如权利要求1所述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(三)中，分3批次向渣面加入铝丝。The LF refining furnace according to claim 1 for producing a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, characterized in that in the step (3), aluminum wires are added to the slag surface in three batches.
  7. 如权利要求1所述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(四)中，钢包底吹流量控制为200NL/min。The LF refining furnace according to claim 1 for producing a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, characterized in that in the step (4), the ladle bottom blowing flow rate is controlled to be 200 NL/min.
  8. 如权利要求1所述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(三)中，下电极处理过程，钢包底吹流量控制为400NL/min。The LF refining furnace according to claim 1 for producing a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, characterized in that in the step (3), the lower electrode treatment process, the ladle bottom blowing flow rate is controlled to be 400 NL/min.
  9. 如权利要求1所述的LF精炼炉生产低碳低硫钢防增碳方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(三)中，分3批次加入石灰和萤石。The LF refining furnace according to claim 1 for producing a low carbon low sulfur steel anti-carbonation method, characterized in that in the step (3), lime and fluorite are added in three batches.
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