WO2019105169A1 - Flng脱水装置分子筛装填方法 - Google Patents
Flng脱水装置分子筛装填方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019105169A1 WO2019105169A1 PCT/CN2018/113317 CN2018113317W WO2019105169A1 WO 2019105169 A1 WO2019105169 A1 WO 2019105169A1 CN 2018113317 W CN2018113317 W CN 2018113317W WO 2019105169 A1 WO2019105169 A1 WO 2019105169A1
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- molecular sieve
- funnel
- barrel
- ball
- operator
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/261—Drying gases or vapours by adsorption
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- C10L2290/542—Adsorption of impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for molecular sieve loading, in particular to a molecular sieve filling method for a FLNG dehydration device.
- Opening the pull-plate valve molecular sieve is easy to leak from here; the barrel-mounted molecular sieve requires the operator to move it to the edge of the platform by manpower, and slowly put it down and pour it into the funnel, which will consume a lot of manpower and time;
- the molecular sieve is easily scattered outside the funnel due to various factors; the molecular sieve will form a cone during the filling process, and the density distribution of the molecular sieve will be uneven, which will make the gas to be dried flow uneven, and the degree of drying is uneven; the molecular sieve filling
- the distance from the rear distance device M1 is likely to be small, and the stainless steel wire mesh is not easily placed into the device. Due to the limited space inside the device, the inner diameter of the device is smaller than the outer diameter of the stainless steel wire mesh. Therefore, winding the stainless steel wire into a cylindrical shape will be disadvantageous for the device to be spread out.
- the invention aims at the deficiencies in the prior art, and proposes a molecular sieve filling method for the FLNG dehydration device.
- step 1 the dehydration device is isolated from the system, and the manhole cover and the lower manhole cover on the dehydration device are opened, at the bottom of the dehydration device, at the bottom of the dehydration device.
- a molecular sieve support grille is installed at the lower side of the hole cover, and a stainless steel mesh a is installed above the molecular sieve support grille to close the lower manhole.
- Step 2 loading a certain amount of porcelain balls into the funnel, hanging the funnel above the dewatering device, connecting with the canvas hose in the dewatering device, opening the funnel valve, pouring the porcelain ball into the dewatering device, and the operator enters the dewatering device to be flattened and The height of the ceramic ball is measured and the operator comes out; the smaller ceramic ball is loaded in the same manner as above, and the operator enters the dewatering device to level and measure the filling height of the small porcelain ball, and the operator comes out.
- Step 3 design a funnel according to the weight of the dewatering device platform, and establish a matching storage platform according to the designed funnel height.
- the load bearing surface of the storage platform is higher than the upper top surface of the funnel, and the barrel molecular sieve is placed on the storage platform in advance.
- Place the funnel under the storage platform prepare the molecular sieve to be installed in the funnel, and set a certain height of the railing on the storage platform next to the funnel.
- the operator will move the molecular sieve per barrel to the edge of the storage platform, and slowly drop the molecular sieve barrel to make the molecular sieve. Slowly pour into the funnel; continue to load a certain number of barrels of molecular sieve into the funnel.
- the crane lifts the funnel that has been filled with the molecular sieve, places it on the dewatering device platform, connects with the canvas hose inside the device, opens the funnel valve, loads the molecular sieve into the dewatering device, disengages the funnel from the canvas hose, and subtracts A certain length of canvas hose is to be connected to the funnel of the next crane; a certain amount of molecular sieve is loaded in turn, and then the operator enters the device, flattens the molecular sieve and measures the filling height, and the operator comes out.
- step 4 the stainless steel wire mesh b is rolled into a cylindrical shape, and placed in the dewatering device through the upper manhole, the operator enters the can body, opens the steel mesh and folds the edge, and the wire mesh extends upward to a certain height.
- Step 5 Fill a certain amount of porcelain balls according to step 2, the height should be lower than the upward extension height of the stainless steel mesh. The operator flattens the ceramic balls and measures the height. The operator comes out and closes the upper manhole cover.
- Step 6 remove the blind plate a, weld the socket on the blind plate b, install the tee and the ball valve, and connect with the nitrogen source for nitrogen replacement. After the replacement, the nitrogen supply is continuously supplied, and the blind plate a is installed to make the pressure slightly higher. Outside the pressure, close the ball valve, check and record regularly to ensure that the dewatering device is isolated from the atmosphere.
- the replacement method of the step 2 is to install the manhole cover, the upper manhole cover, the blind plate a and the blind plate b, and perform an airtight test to ensure that the manhole does not leak. After the airtight test meets the requirements, the ball valve is slowly opened and released. The pressure inside the dewatering device is ventilated, and the operator enters the dewatering device with the safety rope. The height of each layer of porcelain balls is pre-marked, and a certain amount of ceramic balls are loaded into the loading barrel. The height and volume of the filling barrel are attached.
- Two filling drums are prepared in advance, one of which is marked as A and the other is marked as B; a tripod pulley device is arranged above the manhole on the dewatering device, the pulley has a stopping device; firstly, the required porcelain is provided The ball is evenly distributed into the barrel to calculate the number of barrels to be filled; secondly, a certain amount of porcelain balls are loaded into the barrel A and the barrel B, and the barrel A is placed in the dewatering device through the tripod pulley device above the upper manhole, and dehydrated.
- the operator in the device spreads the porcelain ball on the installed stainless steel wire mesh a, and puts the barrel A outside the dewatering device to load the porcelain ball; the barrel B is placed into the device through the tripod pulley device, and the operator will put the porcelain ball Tiled in On the installed stainless steel wire mesh a, the barrel B is put out to the outside of the device to fill the porcelain ball, the barrel A is filled with the ceramic ball, ready to enter the dewatering device, and the required ceramic balls are sequentially loaded into the dewatering device, and the ceramic ball is filled.
- the personnel outside the dewatering device recorded the quantity of the filling, and at the same time checked with the operator in the device to ensure that the loading of the ceramic ball was not much.
- the funnel interface is in the form of a circle, and the round bottom is welded with a side strip and is equipped with a buckle.
- the stainless steel wire mesh b needs to be rolled up into the dewatering device when the molecular sieve is filled to 50% to 75%, and suspended in the device by the inner wall.
- the two sides of the stainless steel wire mesh b are rolled up in the middle to form two cylindrical shapes.
- the molecular sieve filling method of the FLNG dehydration device of the invention can well solve the safety hazards and deficiencies in the molecular sieve filling process.
- Figure 1 is a structural view of a dewatering device.
- the molecular sieve loading content includes the bottom grille 3 and the stainless steel mesh a4, the porcelain ball 5, the small porcelain 6, the molecular sieve 8, the stainless steel mesh b9 and the ceramic ball.
- the molecular sieve filling scheme of the FLNG dehydration device is as follows:
- Step 1 Isolating the dewatering device from the system, opening the manhole cover 1 and the lower manhole cover 2 on the dewatering device, installing the molecular sieve support grid 3 and the stainless steel wire mesh a4 according to the drawings, and closing the lower manhole.
- Step 2 Put a certain amount of porcelain balls 5 into the funnel, hang the funnel above the dewatering device, connect with the canvas hose in the dewatering device, open the funnel valve, pour the porcelain ball 5 into the dewatering device, and the operator enters the dewatering device.
- the height of the porcelain ball filling is measured and the operator comes out; the smaller ceramic ball 6 is loaded in the same way, the operator enters the dewatering device and measures the filling height of the porcelain ball, and the operator comes out.
- Step 3 Design the funnel according to the weight of the platform of the dewatering device.
- a platform of a certain height is established according to the designed funnel height, and the barrel molecular sieve is placed on the platform in advance, and the load-bearing capacity of the platform is sufficient. Place the funnel under the platform, and install the molecular sieve into the funnel.
- the platform next to the preparation funnel needs to set a certain height of the railing to prevent the personnel from falling and the molecular sieve barrel falling.
- the operator moved the barrel of molecular sieve to the edge of the platform, below the funnel, slowly placed it into the molecular sieve barrel, and slowly poured the molecular sieve into the funnel.
- the crane lifts the funnel that has been filled with the molecular sieve, places it on the dewatering device platform 7, connects with the canvas hose inside the device, opens the funnel valve, and loads the molecular sieve into the device. Disconnect the funnel from the canvas hose and remove the length of the canvas hose until it is attached to the funnel on the next lift.
- a certain amount of molecular sieves are loaded in sequence, and then the operator enters the apparatus, flattens the molecular sieves, and measures the filling height, and the operator comes out.
- step 4 in order to prevent the molecular sieve 8 from being blown by the airflow, a stainless steel wire mesh b9 is laid over the molecular sieve 8, and pressed with the porcelain ball 5.
- the stainless steel wire mesh b9 needs to extend upward along the inner wall of the device to a certain height, which is higher than the height of the ceramic ball layer.
- the stainless steel wire mesh b9 is rolled into a cylindrical shape, placed in the device through the upper manhole, the operator enters the can body, opens the stainless steel wire mesh b9 and folds the edge to extend the wire mesh upwardly to a certain height;
- Step 5 Fill a certain amount of porcelain balls 5 according to step 2.
- the height should be lower than the upward extension height of the stainless steel wire mesh. The operator flattens the ceramic balls and measures the height. The operator comes out and closes the manhole cover 1.
- step 6 the blind plate a11 is removed, the socket is welded on the blind plate b12, and a tee and a ball valve are installed, and the nitrogen source is connected to perform nitrogen replacement. After the replacement, the nitrogen supply is continuously supplied, the blind plate a11 is installed, the pressure is slightly higher than the external pressure, and the ball valve is closed, and the valve is periodically inspected and recorded to ensure that the dehydration device is isolated from the atmosphere.
- step 2 There are problems with step 2:
- Manhole cover installation and reinstallation requires the installation of new gaskets and bolts. The upper manhole may leak.
- the manhole cover 1 After the lower manhole cover 2 is installed, the manhole cover 1, the blind plate a11, and the blind plate b12 are installed at the same time.
- the blind plate b12 is equipped with a socket and a ball valve for airtight testing to prevent leakage of the manhole.
- a certain amount of porcelain balls are loaded into the barrel A and the barrel B, and the barrel A is passed through the manhole above the tripod.
- the operator in the device will lay the porcelain ball on the installed grid wire mesh, put the barrel A outside the device to fill the porcelain ball; put the barrel B into the device through the tripod pulley device, the operator The porcelain ball is laid on the installed grid wire mesh, and the barrel B is lifted outside the device to fill the porcelain ball.
- the barrel A has been filled with the porcelain ball and is ready to enter the device.
- the required ceramic balls are loaded into the dewatering device in sequence.
- the personnel outside the dewatering device record the quantity of the filling, and at the same time check with the operator in the device to ensure that the loading of the ceramic ball is not much.
- step 3 There are problems with step 3:
- the funnel interface is square and does not fit well with the canvas hose. After testing, the pull-plate valve molecular sieve is easily leaked from here.
- the barreled molecular sieve needs the operator to move it to the edge of the platform by manpower, and slowly put it down and pour it into the funnel, which will consume a lot of manpower and time; the molecular sieve is affected by various factors when pouring into the funnel. The effect is easy to sprinkle outside the funnel.
- the molecular sieve will form a cone during the filling process, and the molecular sieve density distribution will be uneven, so that the gas to be dried is not evenly distributed, and the degree of drying is not uniform;
- the funnel interface is changed to a circular shape.
- the round bottom is welded with a side strip and is equipped with a buckle.
- the canvas hose can be fixed and attached to the circular funnel interface.
- the operator can enter the device and level the molecular sieve of each funnel. In order to ensure safety and construction, the operator is required to have a safety rope so that the emergency can be immediately improved. Equipped with two pedals, it is attached to the operator to prevent the operator from getting into the device. Since a large amount of dust is generated when the molecular sieve is filled, it is necessary to equip the PPE up and down and seal it with tape. Wear a hood and connect to a source of breathable compressed air.
- the device needs to be equipped with an exhaust pipe and an exhaust fan to discharge the dust in the tank in time; when the molecular sieve loading reaches 50% of the required amount, the lower filling height (measuring the distance between the flange face of the manhole and the molecular sieve) is measured.
- the distance between the flange surface of the manhole and the molecular sieve is limited.
- the stainless steel wire mesh needs to be placed in the device when the molecular sieve is filled to 50% to 75%, and suspended in the device by the inner wall. Inside.
- Step 4 has problems:
- the inner diameter of the device is smaller than the outer diameter of the stainless steel wire mesh. Therefore, winding the stainless steel wire into a cylindrical shape is not conducive to the device spreading.
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Abstract
一种FLNG脱水装置分子筛装填方法，该方法利用相关工具在脱水装置中由下至上依次铺设支撑格栅（3）、不锈钢丝网a（4）、瓷球（5）、小瓷球（6）、分子筛（8）、不锈钢丝网b（9）和瓷球（5）。该方法可以很好的解决分子筛装填过程中的安全隐患及不足。
Description
本发明涉及分子筛装填的方法，尤其涉及FLNG脱水装置分子筛装填方法。
分子筛对人体具有一定的危害性，在对这类危险散料装填过程中需格外注意。FLNG脱水装置分子筛装填过程中存在诸多问题，例如人孔盖安装重新安装需要安装新垫片和用螺栓紧固，人孔M1存在泄漏的可能；瓷球装填过程中需要人员进出2次，不便于操作；瓷球装填后不便取出，存在瓷球装填量少或量多的可能性；瓷球一般采用纸箱或大袋存放，不宜直接将瓷球装入漏斗。漏斗接口为方型，与帆布软管贴合性不太好。打开拉板阀分子筛容易从此处泄露；桶装分子筛需要操作人员全靠人力将其移动到平台边缘，并将其缓慢放倒，倒入漏斗内，其将耗费较大的人力和时间；在倒入漏斗时分子筛受各方面因素影响易撒落在漏斗外；分子筛在装填过程中会形成锥形，分子筛密度分布不均匀，从而会使所要干燥的气体流动不均匀，干燥程度不均匀；分子筛装填后距离装置M1距离有可能较小，不锈钢钢丝网不易放入到装置内。因装置内空间有限，装置内径小于不锈钢丝网外径，因此将不锈钢丝卷成筒状将不利于装置铺开等问题。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术中的不足，提出FLNG脱水装置分子筛装填方法，步骤1，将脱水装置与***隔离，打开脱水装置上人孔盖和下人孔盖,在脱水装置的底部，位于下人孔盖下侧处安装分子筛支撑格栅，在分子筛支撑格栅上方安装不锈钢丝网a，关闭下人孔。
步骤2，将一定量的瓷球装入漏斗，将漏斗吊到脱水装置上方，与脱水装置内帆布软管连接，打开漏斗阀门，将瓷球倒入脱水装置，操作人员进入脱水装置铺平并测量瓷球装填高度，操作人员出来；按上述相同方法装填较小瓷球，操作人员进入脱水装置铺平并测量小瓷球装填高度，操作人员出来。
步骤3，根据脱水装置平台承重量设计漏斗，根据设计的漏斗高度建立一个相匹配的存放平台，存放平台的承重面要高于漏斗的上顶面，将桶装分子筛提前放置在存放平台上，将漏斗放置在存放平台下方，做好分子筛装入漏斗的准备，漏斗旁的存放平台上需设置一定高度的栏杆，操作人员将每桶分子筛挪移到存放平台边缘，缓慢放倒分子筛桶，使分子筛缓慢倒入漏斗内；依次继续将一定桶数 的分子筛装到漏斗内。起重机将已装填有分子筛的漏斗吊起，放置到脱水装置平台上，与装置内帆布软管连接，打开漏斗阀门，将分子筛装入脱水装置内，将漏斗与帆布软管脱开，并减掉一定长度的帆布软管，待与下一个吊上的漏斗连接；依次将一定量的分子筛装填，然后操作人员进入装置内，将分子筛铺平并测量装填高度，操作人员出来。
步骤4，将不锈钢丝网b卷成筒状，通过上人孔放入脱水装置内，操作人员进入罐体内，打开钢丝网并折边，使其钢丝网向上延伸一定高度。
步骤5，按步骤2装填一定量的瓷球，高度应低于不锈钢丝网向上延伸高度，操作人员将瓷球铺平并测量高度，操作人员出来，关闭上人孔盖。
步骤6，拆除盲板a，在盲板b上焊接牙座，并安装三通和球阀，与氮气源连接进行氮气置换,置换完毕后，持续供应氮气，安装盲板a，使其压力略高于外界压力，并关闭球阀，定期检查并记录，确保脱水装置与大气隔离。
所述步骤2的替换方法为安装下人孔盖、上人孔盖、盲板a和盲板b，进行气密试验，确保人孔***露，气密试验满足要求后，缓慢打开球阀，释放脱水装置内压力并通风照明，操作人员系安全绳进入脱水装置，预先做好每层瓷球高度标记，将一定量的瓷球装入装填桶，所述装填桶内附有高度和体积对照表，装填桶预先准备2只，其中1只标记为A，另外一只标记为B；在脱水装置上人孔上方设置三角架滑轮装置，所述滑轮带有止动装置；首先将所需要的瓷球进行平均分配到桶内，计算出所需要装填的桶数；其次将一定量的瓷球装入桶A和桶B，将桶A通过上人孔上方三角架滑轮装置放入脱水装置内，脱水装置内操作人员将瓷球平铺在已安装的不锈钢丝网a上，将桶A提出到脱水装置外进行装填瓷球；将桶B通过三角架滑轮装置放入装置内，操作人员将瓷球平铺在已安装的不锈钢丝网a上，将桶B提出到装置外进行装填瓷球，桶A装填瓷球，准备进入脱水装置内，依次将所需要的瓷球的装填到脱水装置内，在瓷球装填过程中脱水装置外人员记录装填数量,同时与装置内操作人员核对,确保瓷球装填量不多不少。
上述技术方案中，所述漏斗接口形式为圆形，圆形底部焊接一圈边条并配有卡扣。
上述技术方案中，所述分子筛桶上需安装有倒流罩。
上述技术方案中，所述不锈钢丝网b需在分子筛装填到50％～75％时卷起放入 脱水装置内，靠内壁悬挂在装置内。
上述技术方案中，所述不锈钢丝网b两边向中间卷起，形成两个筒状。
本发明的FLNG脱水装置分子筛装填方法可以很好的解决分子筛装填过程中的安全隐患及不足。
图1为脱水装置结构图。
参见图1,分子筛装填内容包括装置底部格栅3及不锈钢丝网a4、瓷球5、小瓷器6、分子筛8、不锈钢丝网b9和瓷球，FLNG脱水装置分子筛装填方案如下进行：
步骤1，将脱水装置与***隔离，打开脱水装置上人孔盖1和下人孔盖2,按图纸安装分子筛支撑格栅3和不锈钢丝网a4，关闭下人孔。
步骤2，将一定量的瓷球5装入漏斗，将漏斗吊到脱水装置上方，与脱水装置内帆布软管连接，打开漏斗阀门，将瓷球5倒入脱水装置，操作人员进入脱水装置铺平并测量瓷球装填高度，操作人员出来；按同样方法装填较小瓷球6，操作人员进入脱水装置并测量瓷球装填高度，操作人员出来。
步骤3，根据脱水装置平台承重量设计漏斗，漏斗共2只，分别标记A和B。根据设计的漏斗高度建立一定高度的平台，将桶装分子筛提前放置在平台上，平台的承重能力足够。将漏斗放置在平台下方，做好分子筛装入漏斗的准备漏斗旁的平台需设置一定高度的栏杆，以防人员跌落和分子筛桶跌落。操作人员将每桶分子筛挪移到平台边缘，下方是漏斗，缓慢放到分子筛桶，使其分子筛缓慢倒入漏斗内。依次继续将一定桶数的分子筛装到漏斗内。起重机将已装填有分子筛的漏斗吊起，放置到脱水装置平台7上，与装置内帆布软管连接，打开漏斗阀门，将分子筛装入装置内。将漏斗与帆布软管脱开，并减掉一定长度的帆布软管，待与下一个吊上的漏斗连接。依次将一定量的分子筛装填，然后操作人员进入装置内，将分子筛铺平并测量装填高度，操作人员出来。
步骤4，为了防止分子筛8被气流吹动，在分子筛8上方需铺一张不锈钢丝网b9，用瓷球5压住。不锈钢丝网b9需沿装置内壁向上延伸一定高度，需高出瓷球层高度。将不锈钢丝网b9卷成筒状，通过上人孔放入装置内，操作人员进 入罐体内，打开不锈钢丝网b9并折边，使其钢丝网向上延伸一定高度；
步骤5，按步骤2装填一定量的瓷球5，高度应低于不锈钢丝网向上延伸高度，操作人员将瓷球铺平并测量高度，操作人员出来，关闭人孔盖1。
步骤6，拆除盲板a11，在盲板b12上焊接牙座，并安装三通和球阀，与氮气源连接进行氮气置换。置换完毕后，持续供应氮气，安装盲板a11，使其压力略高于外界压力，并关闭球阀，定期检查并记录，确保脱水装置与大气隔离。
步骤2存在问题：
1、人孔盖安装重新安装需要安装新垫片和用螺栓紧固，上人孔存在泄漏的可能。
2、瓷球装填过程中需要人员进出2次，不便于操作；瓷球5和小瓷球6装填后不便取出，存在瓷球装填量少或量多的可能性；瓷球一般采用纸箱或大袋存放，不宜直接将瓷球装入漏斗。
步骤2改进：
1、下人孔盖2安装后，同时安装上人孔盖1、盲板a11、盲板b12。其中盲板b12安装有牙座和球阀，以便进行气密试验，以防人孔产生泄漏。
2、气密试验满足要求后，缓慢打开球阀，释放罐体内压力并通风照明，操作人员系安全绳进入罐体。装填瓷球前预先做好每层瓷球高度标记。将一定量的瓷球，单人可提起的量装入装填桶，桶内附有高度和体积对照表，单人可提起。桶预先准备2只，其中1只标记为A，另外一只标记为B。在脱水装置上人孔上方设置三角架滑轮装置，滑轮带有止动装置。首先将所需要的瓷球进行平均分配到桶内，计算出所需要装填的桶数；其次将一定量的瓷球装入桶A和桶B，将桶A通过人孔上方三角架华路你装置放入装置内，装置内操作人员将瓷球平铺在已安装的格栅钢丝网上，将桶A提出到装置外进行装填瓷球；将桶B通过三角架滑轮装置放入装置内，操作人员将瓷球平铺在已安装的格栅钢丝网上，将桶B提出到装置外进行装填瓷球。此时桶A已装填瓷球，准备进入装置内。依次将所需要的瓷球的装填到脱水装置内。在瓷球装填过程中脱水装置外人员记录装填数量,同时与装置内操作人员核对,确保瓷球装填量不多不少。
步骤3存在问题：
1、漏斗接口为方型，与帆布软管贴合性不太好。经过试验，打开拉板阀分 子筛容易从此处泄露。
2、桶装分子筛需要操作人员全靠人力将其移动到平台边缘，并将其缓慢放倒，倒入漏斗内，其将耗费较大的人力和时间；在倒入漏斗时分子筛受各方面因素影响易撒落在漏斗外。
3、分子筛在装填过程中会形成锥形，分子筛密度分布不均匀，从而会使所要干燥的气体流动不均匀，干燥程度不均匀；
4、分子筛装填后距离装置上人孔盖1距离有可能较小，不锈钢钢丝网不易放入到装置内。
步骤3改进：
1、漏斗接口形式改为圆形，圆形底部焊接一圈边条并配有卡扣，可将帆布软管固定并紧贴在圆形漏斗接口。
2、选用合适的倒桶装置，可将分子筛桶提升，挪移，并将桶缓慢放倒，分子筛落入漏斗内；在倒入漏斗时，分子筛桶上需安装有倒流罩，以防分子筛撒落。
3、操作人员可进入装置内，将每一漏斗的分子筛摊平。为了保证安全和施工，操作人员需系有安全绳，以便紧急情况可立即提升。配备两块踏板，系在操作人员身上，以防操作人员陷入进入装置内。由于分子筛装填时会产生大量的粉尘，需上下配备PPE，用胶带密封。同时穿戴打磨风帽，与可呼吸的压缩空气源连接。装置需配有排风管和排风机，及时排出罐内的粉尘；当分子筛装填量达到所需量的50％时测量下装填高度(测量人孔法兰面到分子筛之间的距离)。
4、鉴于上人孔尺寸小于钢丝网的尺寸，人孔法兰面与分子筛间距有限，不锈钢丝网需在分子筛装填到50％～75％时将卷起的网放入装置内，靠内壁悬挂在装置内。
步骤4存在问题:
因装置内空间有限，装置内径小于不锈钢丝网外径，因此将不锈钢丝卷成筒状将不利于装置铺开。
步骤4改进：
从不锈钢丝网两边向中间卷起，形成两个筒状，此将有利于钢丝网的铺开。
此方案总体问题：
由于分子筛对人体有一定危害性，此方案安全措施虽有提及，但不够完善明确。
此方案改进：
此方案将会每一步骤与安全措施相对应，以控制风险。具体如下表所示：
Claims (6)
- FLNG脱水装置分子筛装填方法，其特征在于：步骤1，将脱水装置与***隔离，打开脱水装置上人孔盖和下人孔盖,在脱水装置的底部，位于下人孔盖下侧处安装分子筛支撑格栅，在分子筛支撑格栅上方安装不锈钢丝网a，关闭下人孔；步骤2，将一定量的瓷球装入漏斗，将漏斗吊到脱水装置上方，与脱水装置内帆布软管连接，打开漏斗阀门，将瓷球倒入脱水装置，操作人员进入脱水装置铺平并测量瓷球装填高度，操作人员出来；按上述相同方法装填较小瓷球，操作人员进入脱水装置铺平并测量小瓷球装填高度，操作人员出来；步骤3，根据脱水装置平台承重量设计漏斗，根据设计的漏斗高度建立一个相匹配的存放平台，存放平台的承重面要高于漏斗的上顶面，将桶装分子筛提前放置在存放平台上，将漏斗放置在存放平台下方，做好分子筛装入漏斗的准备，漏斗旁的存放平台上需设置一定高度的栏杆，操作人员将每桶分子筛挪移到存放平台边缘，缓慢放倒分子筛桶，使分子筛缓慢倒入漏斗内；依次继续将一定桶数的分子筛装到漏斗内。起重机将已装填有分子筛的漏斗吊起，放置到脱水装置平台上，与装置内帆布软管连接，打开漏斗阀门，将分子筛装入脱水装置内，将漏斗与帆布软管脱开，并减掉一定长度的帆布软管，待与下一个吊上的漏斗连接；依次将一定量的分子筛装填，然后操作人员进入装置内，将分子筛铺平并测量装填高度，操作人员出来；步骤4，将不锈钢丝网b卷成筒状，通过上人孔放入脱水装置内，操作人员进入罐体内，打开钢丝网并折边，使其钢丝网向上延伸一定高度；步骤5，按步骤2装填一定量的瓷球，高度应低于不锈钢丝网向上延伸高度，操作人员将瓷球铺平并测量高度，操作人员出来，关闭上人孔盖；步骤6，拆除盲板a，在盲板b上焊接牙座，并安装三通和球阀，与氮气源连接进行氮气置换,置换完毕后，持续供应氮气，安装盲板a，使其压力略高于外界压力，并关闭球阀，定期检查并记录，确保脱水装置与大气隔离。
- 如权利要求1所述的FLNG脱水装置分子筛装填方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2的替换方法为安装下人孔盖、上人孔盖、盲板a和盲板b，进行气密试验，确保人孔***露，气密试验满足要求后，缓慢打开球阀，释放脱水装置内压力并通风照明，操作人员系安全绳进入脱水装置，预先做好每层瓷球高度标记，将一 定量的瓷球装入装填桶，所述装填桶内附有高度和体积对照表，装填桶预先准备2只，其中1只标记为A，另外一只标记为B；在脱水装置上人孔上方设置三角架滑轮装置，所述滑轮带有止动装置；首先将所需要的瓷球进行平均分配到桶内，计算出所需要装填的桶数；其次将一定量的瓷球装入桶A和桶B，将桶A通过上人孔上方三角架滑轮装置放入脱水装置内，脱水装置内操作人员将瓷球平铺在已安装的不锈钢丝网a上，将桶A提出到脱水装置外进行装填瓷球；将桶B通过三角架滑轮装置放入装置内，操作人员将瓷球平铺在已安装的不锈钢丝网a上，将桶B提出到装置外进行装填瓷球，桶A装填瓷球，准备进入脱水装置内，依次将所需要的瓷球的装填到脱水装置内，在瓷球装填过程中脱水装置外人员记录装填数量,同时与装置内操作人员核对,确保瓷球装填量不多不少。
- 如权利要求1所述的FLNG脱水装置分子筛装填方法，其特征在于：所述漏斗接口形式为圆形，圆形底部焊接一圈边条并配有卡扣。
- 如权利要求1所述的FLNG脱水装置分子筛装填方法，其特征在于：所述分子筛桶上需安装有倒流罩。
- 如权利要求1所述的FLNG脱水装置分子筛装填方法，其特征在于：所述不锈钢丝网b需在分子筛装填到50％～75％时卷起放入脱水装置内，靠内壁悬挂在装置内。
- 如权利要求1所述的FLNG脱水装置分子筛装填方法，其特征在于：所述不锈钢丝网b两边向中间卷起，形成两个筒状。
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