WO2019076096A1 - 一种制动闸片的摩擦体保护垫以及制动闸片 - Google Patents

一种制动闸片的摩擦体保护垫以及制动闸片 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019076096A1
WO2019076096A1 PCT/CN2018/096762 CN2018096762W WO2019076096A1 WO 2019076096 A1 WO2019076096 A1 WO 2019076096A1 CN 2018096762 W CN2018096762 W CN 2018096762W WO 2019076096 A1 WO2019076096 A1 WO 2019076096A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
friction body
friction
back plate
pad
elastic support
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/096762
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴佩芳
释加才让
龙波
曹静武
胡晨
Original Assignee
北京天宜上佳高新材料股份有限公司
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Application filed by 北京天宜上佳高新材料股份有限公司 filed Critical 北京天宜上佳高新材料股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020207009896A priority Critical patent/KR102414561B1/ko
Priority to ATA9283/2018A priority patent/AT522675B1/de
Priority to ES202090014A priority patent/ES2761073R1/es
Priority to DE112018004539.0T priority patent/DE112018004539T5/de
Publication of WO2019076096A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019076096A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/092—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D65/095—Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/097—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts
    • F16D65/0971—Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members or other brake parts transmitting brake actuation force, e.g. elements interposed between brake piston and pad
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/04—Attachment of linings
    • F16D69/0408—Attachment of linings specially adapted for plane linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/092—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H5/00—Applications or arrangements of brakes with substantially radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/092—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D65/095—Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/04—Attachment of linings
    • F16D2069/0425—Attachment methods or devices
    • F16D2069/0433—Connecting elements not integral with the braking member, e.g. bolts, rivets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of brake devices, and in particular to a friction body protection pad for a brake pad and a brake pad.
  • high-speed train braking is mainly achieved by means of mutual friction between the brake pad and the brake disc.
  • the braking load is getting larger and larger, and the braking performance requirements of the brake pad are also getting higher and higher.
  • the brake disc allows the friction block on the brake disc to rotate slightly and the tilt angle changes, so that the friction block and the brake disc The effective friction area is increased, the eccentric wear of the friction block is reduced, and the braking performance and service life of the brake pad are improved.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 discloses a floating integral brake pad, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, which comprises a brake shoe back assembly 101, a plurality of friction body assemblies 102, a plurality of elastic support members 103 and more. Positioning cards 104; a resilient hole 103 is provided on the elastic supporting member 103 to match the spherical supporting surface formed by the frame 106 of the friction body assembly 102, and the height of the friction body assembly 102 can be adjusted by elastic deformation of the elastic supporting member 103. Make universal adjustment. The elastic support member can make the friction block float up and down and rotate a small amount, thereby increasing the effective friction area with the brake disc.
  • the friction body and the skeleton need to be annealed.
  • the hardness of the skeleton is much smaller than the hardness of the elastic supporting member.
  • the friction body repeatedly acts up and down to float and rotate, and the sharp edge of the tapered inner hole on the elastic supporting member scratches the skeleton with lower hardness.
  • the friction plate back plate is formed into a groove, the rotation of the friction block and the up-and-down floating are blocked, and the jamming phenomenon occurs, and the friction block and the brake disk cannot be effectively fitted, thereby affecting the braking performance of the brake pad and reducing the brake pad.
  • the service life is formed into a groove, the rotation of the friction block and the up-and-down floating are blocked, and the jamming phenomenon occurs, and the friction block and the brake disk cannot be effectively fitted, thereby affecting the braking performance of the brake pad and reducing the brake pad.
  • Chinese Patent Publication No. CN103133569A discloses a floating brake pad.
  • the backing plate 201 and the friction block 201 are arranged on the back plate 201 by the elastic supporting piece 203.
  • the supporting portion of the friction block 201 is a spherical structure, and the elastic supporting piece 203 has a shape corresponding to the supporting portion.
  • An adapted spherical support surface, the spherical support surface being in abutting connection with the support portion.
  • the elastic supporting piece is a spherical surface adapted to the shape of the back plate of the friction block, which improves the contact area between the friction body back plate and the elastic supporting piece, reduces the problem of stress concentration between the two, and makes the friction
  • the body back plate is not easily damaged, thereby increasing the service life of the brake pad.
  • the hardness value of the friction block back plate after the heat treatment is low, and the friction effect is effectively supported by the floating effect of the elastic support piece, the hardness of the elastic support piece cannot be lowered, resulting in friction.
  • the block back plate will still wear and deform under the high frequency force, which will affect the braking performance of the brake pad and reduce the service life of the brake pad.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem that the friction block back plate of the existing brake pad can be deformed under high-frequency force and affect the braking performance and service life of the brake pad. , thereby providing a friction body protection pad for the brake pad,
  • the protection pad is disposed between the friction block of the brake pad and the shutter back plate, and an elastic support member disposed on the brake pad back plate and applying a biasing force away from the brake pad back plate toward the friction block Corresponding arrangement; the hardness of the protective pad is not less than the hardness of the elastic support.
  • the protective pad is a sheet-like structure that is adapted to the shape of the lower surface of the friction block and is attached to each other, and is provided with a connecting portion for the friction block facing the side of the shutter back plate. Through hole.
  • the friction block includes a friction body and a friction steel back disposed on a back of the friction body; the sheet structure includes a first arc surface that is opposite to a side of the friction body steel facing the back plate of the brake pad The second arc surface.
  • the sheet-like structure further includes a bending edge extending outward along a circumference of the second curved surface, and an upper surface of the bending edge and a horizontal extension of the first curved surface of the friction steel back Face fit.
  • the protective pad and the friction steel back are fixedly connected by a first detachable structure.
  • the sheet structure further includes a bending edge extending outward along a circumference of the second curved surface, a lower surface of the bending edge overlapping the outer side wall of the elastic support member.
  • the lower surface of the bending edge is in contact with the outer side wall of the corresponding elastic support member.
  • the protective pad and the elastic support are fixedly connected by a second detachable structure.
  • the protective pad is made of heat-resistant stainless steel.
  • a brake pad comprising the above-mentioned protection pad, and a friction block and a brake pad back plate disposed correspondingly to each other, the brake pad back plate being provided with elasticity for applying a biasing force away from the back plate of the brake pad toward the friction block a support member disposed between the friction block and the elastic support member.
  • the friction block includes a friction body, a connecting portion disposed on the friction body, and a friction body back plate disposed at a back of the friction body;
  • the connecting portion includes a connecting end fixedly connected to a lower surface of the friction body And a connecting rod connecting the back plate of the brake, the connecting end is a spherical structure protruding toward the back plate of the shutter, and the friction backing plate is provided with a first connection with the spherical structure a curved surface and an extended surface connected to the friction body.
  • the elastic support member is an annular sheet-like structure
  • the protective pad is disposed between the spherical structure and the annular sheet-like structure, and is provided with a second arc adapted to the first curved surface
  • the inner ring wall of the annular sheet-like structure is connected to the second curved surface.
  • the friction body protection pad provided by the present invention, by providing a protection pad having a hardness not less than an elastic support member between the friction body of the brake pad and the elastic support member, so that the protection friction block floats up or down during the braking process.
  • the elastic support member is not pressed to form a groove, which causes the friction block and the brake disc to not completely fit, affecting the braking performance and service life of the brake pad, and providing an independent protection pad.
  • There is no need to change the production method of the friction block and the connection strength between the friction block and the friction body back plate is ensured, and only the protective pad needs to be added between the existing friction body and the elastic support member, which has the advantages of low production and use cost. .
  • the friction body protection pad provided by the present invention effectively protects the friction body back plate by designing the protection pad into a sheet-like structure that is in conformity with the shape of the lower surface of the friction body back plate, and prevents the protection pad from being detached or affecting the system. Braking performance of the brake pad.
  • the friction body protection pad provided by the present invention, the protection pad and the brake pad are formed by forming a second curved surface on the protective pad which is adhered to the first curved surface of the friction body steel back facing the side of the brake pad back plate.
  • the curved surface structure of the back plate cooperates to improve the bonding degree of the protection pad and the back plate of the brake pad, and improve the connection reliability of the two.
  • the friction body protection pad provided by the invention provides a bending edge connected to the elastic support member at the edge of the protection pad, thereby avoiding positional deviation or even falling off of the protection pad, thereby affecting the brake performance of the brake pad. Moreover, it is not necessary to process the existing brake pads, and the scope of application is wide and convenient for promotion.
  • the friction body protection pad provided by the present invention improves the connection reliability of the protection pad and the elastic support member by providing the bent edge of the protection pad as a bent edge that abuts the upper surface of the elastic support member.
  • the friction body protection pad provided by the invention has the structure that the protection pad is detachably connected with the friction body, so that the protection pad can be mounted on the friction body, thereby avoiding the problem that the protection pad is separated from the friction body and improving the reliable use of the product. Sex.
  • the friction body protection pad provided by the invention is fixedly and reliably fixed together by the card pad and the elastic support member, so as to prevent the position from being deviated or even falling off, thereby affecting the braking performance of the brake pad.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of a friction body protection pad and a brake pad provided by the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a friction body protection pad provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the friction body protection pad provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a brake pad provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the second friction body protection pad and the brake pad provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic support member provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a plan view of the elastic support member provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a brake pad in the prior art
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a resilient support member of a brake pad in the prior art.
  • connection In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • Connected, or integrally connected can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • a brake pad is illustrated, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, including a friction block 2 and a pad back plate 3 which are disposed corresponding to each other, and the pad back plate 3 is provided with a rearward facing away from the brake pad 2
  • the elastic support member 4 in which the plate 3 is biased in the direction, and the protective pad 1 disposed between the friction block 2 and the elastic support member 4, and the hardness of the protective pad 1 is greater than the hardness of the elastic support member 4.
  • the elastic support member is pressed to form a groove, which causes the friction block and the brake disk to not completely fit, affecting the braking performance and the service life of the brake pad, and the protection pad is separately set without changing the existing brake.
  • the production method of the brake pad ensures the connection strength between the friction block and the friction body back plate, and only needs to add the protection pad between the existing friction body and the elastic support member, which has the advantages of low production and use cost.
  • the friction block 2 shown in FIG. 1 includes a friction body 5, a connecting portion 6 provided on the friction body 5 for connecting the shutter back plate 3, and a lower surface provided on the friction body 5.
  • the connecting portion 6 includes a connecting end 10 fixedly coupled to the lower surface of the friction body 5, and a connecting rod inserted into the shutter back plate 3 via the positioning retaining spring 14 and the positioning hole 8 on the shutter back plate 3 11.
  • the connecting end 10 is a spherical structure protruding toward the shutter back plate 3, and the friction body back plate 7 is provided with a first curved surface 15 which is coupled with the spherical structure and an extended surface connected with the friction body 5;
  • the protective pad 1 is disposed between the spherical structure and the annular sheet-like structure, and is provided with a second curved surface 12 adapted to the first curved surface 15
  • the inner annular ring wall of the annular sheet-like structure is connected to the second curved surface 12.
  • the first curved surface 15 and the second curved surface are formed on the friction body back plate 7 and the protective pad 1 by setting the connecting portion of the friction body to a spherical structure protruding toward the back surface of the shutter. 12.
  • the protective pad and the spherical structure of the brake back plate are matched, and the two are adhered to each other to effectively protect the friction body back plate and prevent the protection pad from being detached or affecting the braking performance of the brake pad.
  • the connecting portion 6 is disposed on the friction body 5 In the center position, the connecting rod 11 passes through the through hole 9 at the center of the circular sheet-shaped protective pad 1, and connects the friction block 2 and the shutter back plate 3.
  • a brake pad is illustrated, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, including a friction block 2 and a pad back plate 3 which are disposed corresponding to each other, and the pad back plate 3 is provided with a rearward facing away from the brake pad 2
  • the elastic support member 4 in which the plate 3 is biased in the direction, and the protective pad 1 disposed between the friction block 2 and the elastic support member 4, and the hardness of the protective pad 1 is greater than the hardness of the elastic support member 4.
  • the friction block 2 shown in FIG. 1 includes a friction body 5, a connecting portion 6 provided on the friction body 5 for connecting the shutter back plate 3, and a lower surface provided on the friction body 5.
  • the connecting portion 6 includes a connecting end 10 fixedly coupled to the lower surface of the friction body 5, and a connecting rod inserted into the shutter back plate 3 via the positioning retaining spring 14 and the positioning hole 8 on the shutter back plate 3 11.
  • the connecting end 10 is a spherical structure protruding toward the shutter back plate 3, and the friction body back plate 7 is provided with a first curved surface 15 which is coupled with the spherical structure and an extended surface connected with the friction body 5;
  • the protective pad 1 is disposed between the spherical structure and the annular sheet-like structure, and is provided with a second curved surface 12 adapted to the first curved surface 15
  • the inner annular ring wall of the annular sheet-like structure is connected to the second curved surface 12.
  • the protection pad 1 and the friction body 5 are connected by the first detachable structure, and the first detachable structure is separately provided for protection.
  • the pad 1 and the friction body 5 are engaged with each other to engage with a boss or a groove.
  • the manner in which the protective pad 1 and the friction body 5 are connected is not specifically limited. In other embodiments, the protective pad 1 and the friction body 5 are bonded by an adhesive.
  • a brake pad is illustrated, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 4, including a friction pad 2 and a pad back plate 3 which are disposed corresponding to each other, and the pad back plate 3 is provided with a rearward facing away from the brake pad 2
  • the elastic support member 4 in which the plate 3 is biased in the direction, and the protective pad 1 disposed between the friction block 2 and the elastic support member 4, and the hardness of the protective pad 1 is greater than the hardness of the elastic support member 4.
  • the friction block 2 shown in FIG. 5 includes a friction body 5, a connecting portion 6 provided on the friction body 5 for connecting the shutter back plate 3, and a lower surface provided on the friction body 5.
  • the connecting portion 6 includes a connecting end 10 fixedly coupled to the lower surface of the friction body 5, and a connecting rod inserted into the shutter back plate 3 via the positioning retaining spring 14 and the positioning hole 8 on the shutter back plate 3 11.
  • the connecting end 10 is a spherical structure protruding toward the shutter back plate 3, and the friction body back plate 7 is provided with a first curved surface 15 which is coupled with the spherical structure and an extended surface connected with the friction body 5;
  • the protective pad 1 is disposed between the spherical structure and the annular sheet-like structure, and is provided with a second curved surface 12 adapted to the first curved surface 15
  • the inner annular ring wall of the annular sheet-like structure is connected to the second curved surface 12.
  • the protective pad 1 in order to prevent the protective pad from being detached or the positional bias affecting the braking performance of the brake pad, the protective pad 1 further includes a bend extending outward along the circumference of the second curved surface 12.
  • the rim 13 has a lower surface of the bending edge 13 overlapping the outer side wall of the elastic support member 4, and a lower surface thereof is in contact with the outer side wall of the corresponding elastic support member 4.
  • a brake pad is illustrated, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 4, including a friction pad 2 and a pad back plate 3 which are disposed corresponding to each other, and the pad back plate 3 is provided with a rearward facing away from the brake pad 2
  • the elastic support member 4 in which the plate 3 is biased in the direction, and the protective pad 1 disposed between the friction block 2 and the elastic support member 4, and the hardness of the protective pad 1 is greater than the hardness of the elastic support member 4.
  • the friction block 2 shown in FIG. 5 includes a friction body 5, a connecting portion 6 provided on the friction body 5 for connecting the shutter back plate 3, and a lower surface provided on the friction body 5.
  • the connecting portion 6 includes a connecting end 10 fixedly coupled to the lower surface of the friction body 5, and a connecting rod inserted into the shutter back plate 3 via the positioning retaining spring 14 and the positioning hole 8 on the shutter back plate 3 11.
  • the connecting end 10 is a spherical structure protruding toward the shutter back plate 3, and the friction body back plate 7 is provided with a first curved surface 15 which is coupled with the spherical structure and an extended surface connected with the friction body 5;
  • the protective pad 1 is disposed between the spherical structure and the annular sheet-like structure, and is provided with a second curved surface 12 adapted to the first curved surface 15
  • the inner annular ring wall of the annular sheet-like structure is connected to the second curved surface 12.
  • the protective pad 1 in order to prevent the protective pad from being detached or the positional bias affecting the braking performance of the brake pad, the protective pad 1 further includes a bend extending outward along the circumference of the second curved surface 12.
  • the rim 13 has a lower surface of the bending edge 13 overlapping the outer side wall of the elastic support member 4, and a lower surface thereof is in contact with the outer side wall of the corresponding elastic support member 4.
  • the protective pad 1 and the elastic support member 4 are bonded.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

一种制动闸片的摩擦体保护垫以及制动闸片，保护垫（1）设置在制动闸片的摩擦块（2）和闸片背板（3）之间，与设置在闸片背板（3）上且朝向所述摩擦块（2）施加远离闸片背板（3）方向偏压力的弹性支撑件（4）对应设置；保护垫（1）的硬度不小于弹性支撑件（4）的硬度。解决了现有制动闸片的摩擦块背板会在高频次的作用力下发生磨损变形，影响制动闸片的制动性能和使用寿命的问题。

Description

一种制动闸片的摩擦体保护垫以及制动闸片 技术领域
本发明涉及制动装置技术领域，具体涉及一种制动闸片的摩擦体保护垫以及制动闸片。
背景技术
目前，高速列车制动主要是依靠制动闸片和制动盘的相互摩擦的方式实现。随着列车速度的不断提高，制动负荷越来越大，对制动闸片的制动性能要求也越来越高。因为制动盘和制动闸片之间具有微小的位置或角度偏差，闸片制动时允许制动闸片上的摩擦块发生小幅度的转动以及倾斜角度变化，使摩擦块与制动盘之间的有效摩擦面积增大，减轻摩擦块的偏磨，提高了制动闸片的制动性能和使用寿命。
中国专利文献CN205025982U公开了一种浮动式整体制动闸片，如图8和图9所示，它包括一闸片钢背组件101、多个摩擦体组件102、多个弹性支承部件103和多个定位卡104；在弹性支承部件103上设置有一与摩擦体组件102上骨架106形成的球形支撑面相互配合的锥形孔105，通过弹性支承部件103的弹性变形能够对摩擦体组件102的高度进行万向调节。通过弹性支承部件可以使摩擦块上下浮动并发生小幅度的转动，从而增加与制动盘之间的有效摩擦面积，但是，为了保证摩擦体和骨架的连接强度，摩擦体和骨架需要退火加工处理，导致骨架的硬度远远小于弹性支承部件的 硬度，在制动过程中摩擦体反复受力上下浮动以及转动，弹性支承部件上的锥形内孔的尖锐边缘会刮伤硬度较低的骨架，使摩擦体背板形成凹槽，摩擦块的转动和上下浮动受阻，出现卡滞现象，摩擦块与制动盘无法有效贴合，从而影响制动闸片的制动性能、减少制动闸片的使用寿命。
为了解决上述制动闸片的摩擦体背板容易因为受力形成凹槽，影响制动闸片的制动性能和使用寿命的问题，中国专利文献CN103133569A公开了一种浮动式制动闸片，包括:背板201、摩擦块201，摩擦块201通过弹性支撑片203浮动设置在背板201上，所述摩擦块201的支撑部为球面结构，所述弹性支撑片203具有与支撑部形状相适配的球形支撑面，球形支撑面与所述支撑部贴合连接。上述弹性支撑片为与摩擦块背板形状相适配的球形面，提高了摩擦体背板和弹性支撑片之间的接触面积，减小了其二者之间作用应力集中的问题，使摩擦体背板不容易损坏，从而提高了制动闸片的使用寿命。但是，在实际使用中发现，由于经过热处理后的摩擦块背板硬度值较低，而为了保证弹性支撑片的浮动效果对摩擦体进行有效地支撑，又不能降低弹性支撑片的硬度，导致摩擦块背板仍然会在高频次的作用力下发生磨损变形，从而影响制动闸片的制动性能、减少制动闸片的使用寿命。
发明内容
因此，本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有的制动闸片的摩擦块背板会在高频次的作用力下发生磨损变形，影响制动闸片的制动性能和使用寿命的问题，从而提供一种制动闸片的摩擦体保护垫，
所述保护垫设置在制动闸片的摩擦块和闸片背板之间，与设置在所述 闸片背板上且朝向所述摩擦块施加远离闸片背板方向偏压力的弹性支撑件对应设置；所述保护垫的硬度不小于所述弹性支撑件的硬度。
所述保护垫为与所述摩擦块的下表面形状相适配且相互贴合的片状结构，且其上设置有供所述摩擦块朝向所述闸片背板一侧设置的连接部穿过的通孔。
所述摩擦块包括摩擦体和设置在所述摩擦体背部的摩擦体钢背；所述片状结构包括与所述摩擦体钢背朝向所述闸片背板一侧的第一弧面相贴合的第二弧面。
所述片状结构还包括沿所述第二弧面的周缘向外延伸的折弯缘，所述折弯缘的上表面与所述摩擦体钢背的第一弧面周缘向外延伸的水平面相贴合。
所述保护垫和所述摩擦体钢背通过第一可拆卸结构固定连接。
所述片状结构还包括沿所述第二弧面的周缘向外延伸的折弯缘，所述折弯缘的下表面搭接在所述弹性支撑件的外侧壁上。
所述折弯缘的下表面与对应的所述弹性支撑件的外侧壁相贴合。
所述保护垫和所述弹性支撑件通过第二可拆卸结构固定连接。
所述保护垫的材质为耐热不锈钢。
一种制动闸片，包括上述保护垫，以及相互对应设置的摩擦块和闸片背板，所述闸片背板上设置有朝向所述摩擦块施加远离闸片背板方向偏压力的弹性支撑件，所述保护垫设置在所述摩擦块和所述弹性支撑件之间。
所述摩擦块包括摩擦体、设置在所述摩擦体上的连接部，以及设置在所述摩擦体背部的摩擦体背板；所述连接部包括与所述摩擦体下表面固定相连的连接端，以及连接所述闸片背板的连接杆，所述连接端为朝向所述闸片背板方向凸出的球面结构，所述摩擦体背板上设置有与所述球面结构配合相连的第一弧面以及与所述摩擦体相连的延伸面。
所述弹性支撑件为环形片状结构，所述保护垫设置在所述球面结构和 所述环形片状结构之间，其上设置有与所述第一弧面的相适配的第二弧面，所述环形片状结构的内环环壁与所述第二弧面相连。
本发明技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本发明提供的摩擦体保护垫，通过在制动闸片的摩擦体和弹性支撑件之间设置硬度不小于弹性支撑件的保护垫，使保护摩擦块在制动过程中上下浮动或小幅度转动过程中，不会被弹性支撑件挤压形成凹槽，造成摩擦块与制动盘无法完全贴合，影响制动闸片的制动性能和使用寿命的问题，并且设置独立的保护垫也无需改变摩擦块的生产方法，保证了摩擦块和摩擦体背板的连接强度，只需要将保护垫添加到现有的摩擦体和弹性支撑件之间即可，具有生产使用成本低的优点。
2.本发明提供的摩擦体保护垫，通过将保护垫设计成与摩擦体背板的下表面形状相互贴合的片状结构，有效的保护摩擦体背板，并避免保护垫脱离或者影响制动闸片的制动性能。
3.本发明提供的摩擦体保护垫，通过在保护垫上成型有与摩擦体钢背朝向闸片背板一侧凸起的第一弧面相贴合的第二弧面，使保护垫和闸片背板的弧面结构相配合，提高保护垫和闸片背板的贴合程度，提高其二者的连接可靠性。
4.本发明提供的摩擦体保护垫，通过在保护垫的边缘处设置与弹性支撑件搭接相连的弯折缘，从而避免保护垫发生位置偏离甚至脱落，影响闸片制动性能的问题，并且无需对现有的制动闸片进行加工，适用范围广便于推广。
5.本发明提供的摩擦体保护垫，通过将保护垫的弯折缘设置为与弹性支撑件的上表面相贴合的弯折边缘，提高保护垫和弹性支撑件的连接可靠性。
6.本发明提供的摩擦体保护垫，通过将保护垫设置为与摩擦体可拆卸相连的结构，使保护垫可以安装在摩擦体上，避免了保护垫脱离摩擦体的问题，提高产品使用可靠性。
7.本发明提供的摩擦体保护垫，通过将保护垫和弹性支撑件卡接相连，使其二者稳定可靠的固定在一起，避免它们发生位置偏离甚至脱落，影响闸片的制动性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明提供的摩擦体保护垫和制动闸片的连接结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的摩擦体保护垫的剖视图；
图3为本发明提供的摩擦体保护垫的俯视图；
图4为本发明提供的制动闸片的结构示意图；
图5为本发明提供的第二种摩擦体保护垫和制动闸片的连接结构示意图
图6为本发明提供的弹性支撑件的剖视图；
图7为本发明提供的弹性支撑件的俯视图；
图8为现有技术中的制动闸片的结构示意图；
图9为现有技术中的制动闸片的弹性支承部件的结构示意图
附图标记说明：
1-保护垫；2-摩擦块；3-闸片背板；4-弹性支撑件；5-摩擦体；6-连接部；7-摩擦体背板；8-定位孔；9-通孔；10-连接端；11-连接杆；12-第二弧面；13-弯折缘；14-定位卡簧；15-第一弧面；101-钢背组件；102-摩擦体组件；103-弹性支承部件；104-定位卡；105-锥形孔；106-骨架
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术 语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本发明不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
实施例1
记载了一种制动闸片，如图1和图4所示，包括相互对应设置的摩擦块2和闸片背板3，闸片背板3上设置有朝向摩擦块2施加远离闸片背板3方向偏压力的弹性支撑件4，以及设置在摩擦块2和弹性支撑件4之间的保护垫1，且保护垫1的硬度大于弹性支撑件4的硬度。通过在制动闸片的摩擦体和弹性支撑件之间设置硬度大于弹性支撑件的耐热不锈钢材质的保护垫，使保护摩擦块在制动过程中上下浮动或小幅度转动过程中，不会被弹性支撑件挤压形成凹槽，造成摩擦块与制动盘无法完全贴合，影响制动闸片的制动性能和使用寿命的问题，并且将保护垫单独设置也无需改变现有制动闸片的生产方法，保证了摩擦块和摩擦体背板的连接强度，只需要将保护垫添加到现有的摩擦体和弹性支撑件之间即可，具有生产使用成本低的优点。
在本实施例中，如图1所示的摩擦块2，其包括摩擦体5、设置在摩擦体5上用于连接闸片背板3的连接部6，以及设置在摩擦体5下表面的摩擦体背板7；连接部6包括与摩擦体5下表面固定相连的连接端10，以及***闸片背板3通过定位卡簧14与闸片背板3上的定位孔8相连的连接杆11。 连接端10为朝向闸片背板3方向凸出的球面结构，摩擦体背板7上设置有与球面结构配合相连的第一弧面15以及与摩擦体5相连的延伸面；如图6和图7所示的弹性支撑件4为环形片状结构，保护垫1设置在球面结构和环形片状结构之间，其上设置有与第一弧面15的相适配的第二弧面12，环形片状结构的内环环壁与第二弧面12相连。通过将摩擦体的连接部设置为朝向闸片背板方向凸出的球面结构，并分别在摩擦体背板7和保护垫1上成型与其相适配的第一弧面15与第二弧面12，使保护垫和闸片背板的球面结构相配合，其二者相互贴合，有效的保护摩擦体背板，并避免保护垫脱离或者影响制动闸片的制动性能。
在本实施例中，如图2和图3所示，为了使摩擦块和闸片背板稳定可靠的相互连接又不影响制动闸片的制动性能，将连接部6设置在摩擦体5的中心位置，连接杆11穿过圆形片状的保护垫1其中心位置的通孔9，连接摩擦块2和闸片背板3。
实施例2
记载了一种制动闸片，如图1和图4所示，包括相互对应设置的摩擦块2和闸片背板3，闸片背板3上设置有朝向摩擦块2施加远离闸片背板3方向偏压力的弹性支撑件4，以及设置在摩擦块2和弹性支撑件4之间的保护垫1，且保护垫1的硬度大于弹性支撑件4的硬度。
在本实施例中，如图1所示的摩擦块2，其包括摩擦体5、设置在摩擦体5上用于连接闸片背板3的连接部6，以及设置在摩擦体5下表面的摩擦体背板7；连接部6包括与摩擦体5下表面固定相连的连接端10，以及***闸片背板3通过定位卡簧14与闸片背板3上的定位孔8相连的连接杆11。连接端10为朝向闸片背板3方向凸出的球面结构，摩擦体背板7上设置有与球面结构配合相连的第一弧面15以及与摩擦体5相连的延伸面；如图6 和图7所示的弹性支撑件4为环形片状结构，保护垫1设置在球面结构和环形片状结构之间，其上设置有与第一弧面15的相适配的第二弧面12，环形片状结构的内环环壁与第二弧面12相连。
在本实施例中，为了避免保护垫脱离或者位置偏置影响制动闸片的制动性能，保护垫1和摩擦体5通过第一可拆卸结构相连，第一可拆卸结构为分别设置在保护垫1和摩擦体5上，且相互配合卡接的凸台或凹槽。
当然，本发明对保护垫1和摩擦体5连接方式不作具体限定，在其它实施例中，保护垫1和摩擦体5通过粘接剂胶合相连。
实施例3
记载了一种制动闸片，如图5和图4所示，包括相互对应设置的摩擦块2和闸片背板3，闸片背板3上设置有朝向摩擦块2施加远离闸片背板3方向偏压力的弹性支撑件4，以及设置在摩擦块2和弹性支撑件4之间的保护垫1，且保护垫1的硬度大于弹性支撑件4的硬度。
在本实施例中，如图5所示的摩擦块2，其包括摩擦体5、设置在摩擦体5上用于连接闸片背板3的连接部6，以及设置在摩擦体5下表面的摩擦体背板7；连接部6包括与摩擦体5下表面固定相连的连接端10，以及***闸片背板3通过定位卡簧14与闸片背板3上的定位孔8相连的连接杆11。连接端10为朝向闸片背板3方向凸出的球面结构，摩擦体背板7上设置有与球面结构配合相连的第一弧面15以及与摩擦体5相连的延伸面；如图6和图7所示的弹性支撑件4为环形片状结构，保护垫1设置在球面结构和环形片状结构之间，其上设置有与第一弧面15的相适配的第二弧面12，环形片状结构的内环环壁与第二弧面12相连。
在本实施例中，如图5所示，为了避免保护垫脱离或者位置偏置影响制动闸片的制动性能，保护垫1还包括沿第二弧面12的周缘向外延伸的折 弯缘13，折弯缘13的下表面搭接在弹性支撑件4的外侧壁上，且其下表面与对应的弹性支撑件4的外侧壁相贴合。通过在保护垫的边缘处设置与弹性支撑件搭接相连的弯折缘，从而避免保护垫发生位置偏离甚至脱落，影响闸片制动性能的问题，并且无需对现有的制动闸片进行加工，适用范围广便于推广。
实施例4
记载了一种制动闸片，如图5和图4所示，包括相互对应设置的摩擦块2和闸片背板3，闸片背板3上设置有朝向摩擦块2施加远离闸片背板3方向偏压力的弹性支撑件4，以及设置在摩擦块2和弹性支撑件4之间的保护垫1，且保护垫1的硬度大于弹性支撑件4的硬度。
在本实施例中，如图5所示的摩擦块2，其包括摩擦体5、设置在摩擦体5上用于连接闸片背板3的连接部6，以及设置在摩擦体5下表面的摩擦体背板7；连接部6包括与摩擦体5下表面固定相连的连接端10，以及***闸片背板3通过定位卡簧14与闸片背板3上的定位孔8相连的连接杆11。连接端10为朝向闸片背板3方向凸出的球面结构，摩擦体背板7上设置有与球面结构配合相连的第一弧面15以及与摩擦体5相连的延伸面；如图6和图7所示的弹性支撑件4为环形片状结构，保护垫1设置在球面结构和环形片状结构之间，其上设置有与第一弧面15的相适配的第二弧面12，环形片状结构的内环环壁与第二弧面12相连。
在本实施例中，如图5所示，为了避免保护垫脱离或者位置偏置影响制动闸片的制动性能，保护垫1还包括沿第二弧面12的周缘向外延伸的折弯缘13，折弯缘13的下表面搭接在弹性支撑件4的外侧壁上，且其下表面与对应的弹性支撑件4的外侧壁相贴合。
在本实施例中，为了进一步避免保护垫脱离或者位置偏置影响制动闸 片的制动性能，保护垫1和弹性支撑件4粘接相连。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种制动闸片的摩擦体保护垫，其特征在于，
    所述保护垫(1)设置在制动闸片的摩擦块(2)和闸片背板(3)之间，与设置在所述闸片背板(3)上且朝向所述摩擦块(2)施加远离闸片背板(3)方向偏压力的弹性支撑件(4)对应设置；所述保护垫(1)的硬度不小于所述弹性支撑件(4)的硬度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摩擦体保护垫，其特征在于，所述保护垫(1)为与所述摩擦块(2)的下表面形状相适配且相互贴合的片状结构，且其上设置有供所述摩擦块(2)朝向所述闸片背板(3)一侧设置的连接部(6)穿过的通孔(9)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的摩擦体保护垫，其特征在于，所述摩擦块(2)包括摩擦体(5)和设置在所述摩擦体(5)背部的摩擦体钢背(7)；所述片状结构包括与所述摩擦体钢背(7)朝向所述闸片背板(3)一侧的第一弧面(15)相贴合的第二弧面(12)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的摩擦体保护垫，其特征在于，所述片状结构还包括沿所述第二弧面(12)的周缘向外延伸的折弯缘(13)，所述折弯缘(13)的上表面与所述摩擦体钢背(7)的第一弧面(15)周缘向外延伸的水平面相贴合。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的摩擦体保护垫，其特征在于，所述保护垫(1)和所述摩擦体钢背(7)通过第一可拆卸结构固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的摩擦体保护垫，其特征在于，所述片状结构还包括沿所述第二弧面(12)的周缘向外延伸的折弯缘(13)，所述折弯缘(13)的下表面搭接在所述弹性支撑件(4)的外侧壁上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的摩擦体保护垫，其特征在于，所述折弯缘(13)的下表面与对应的所述弹性支撑件(4)的外侧壁相贴合。
  8. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项或6或7所述的摩擦体保护垫，其特征在于，所述保护垫(1)和所述弹性支撑件(4)通过第二可拆卸结构固定连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的摩擦体保护垫，其特征在于，所述保护垫(1)的材质为耐热不锈钢。
  10. 一种制动闸片，其特征在于：包括权利要求1-9中任一项所述的保护垫(1)，以及相互对应设置的摩擦块(2)和闸片背板(3)，所述闸片背板(3)上设置有朝向所述摩擦块(2)施加远离闸片背板(3)方向偏压力的弹性支撑件(4)，所述保护垫(1)设置在所述摩擦块(2)和所述弹性支撑件(4)之间。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的摩擦体保护垫，其特征在于，所述摩擦块(2)包括摩擦体(5)、设置在所述摩擦体(5)上的连接部(6)，以及设置在所述摩擦体(5)背部的摩擦体背板(7)；所述连接部(6)包括与所述摩擦体(5)下表面固定相连的连接端(10)，以及连接所述闸片背板(3)的连接杆(11)，所述连接端(10)为朝向所述闸片背板(3)方向凸出的球面结构，所述摩擦体背板(7)上设置有与所述球面结构配合相连的第一弧面(15)以及与所述摩擦体(5)相连的延伸面。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的摩擦体保护垫，其特征在于，所述弹性支撑件(4)为环形片状结构，所述保护垫(1)设置在所述球面结构和所述环形片状结构之间，其上设置有与所述第一弧面(15)的相适配的第二弧面(12)，所述环形片状结构的内环环壁与所述第二弧面(12)相连。
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