WO2019056551A1 - Nanofiber continuous crushing system - Google Patents
Nanofiber continuous crushing system Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019056551A1 WO2019056551A1 PCT/CN2017/112510 CN2017112510W WO2019056551A1 WO 2019056551 A1 WO2019056551 A1 WO 2019056551A1 CN 2017112510 W CN2017112510 W CN 2017112510W WO 2019056551 A1 WO2019056551 A1 WO 2019056551A1
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/26—Formation of staple fibres
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of cellulose nanofiber manufacturing, and in particular to a continuous crushing system of cellulose nanofibers.
- Nanocellulose is a cellulose material with one-dimensional nanometer size prepared by chemical, physical or biological treatment using fibrous materials as raw materials. It has the basic structure and properties of cellulose and typical of nanoparticles. Characteristics, using mechanical treatment to produce NFC, no need to apply a large amount of chemicals, no pollution to the environment, but the production process energy consumption is high (about 25 000 kWh ⁇ t-1) [1]. Mechanical treatment methods include high pressure homogenization, grinding, microjet, freeze pulverization, and high intensity ultrasonic treatment. Mechanical processing methods for the manufacture of nanocellulose, in most cases, especially after the grinding and stirring, power consumption is wasted in the macroscopic motion of the shearing substrate.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a nanofiber continuous crushing system capable of energy-saving and efficient production of cellulose nanofibers.
- the nanofiber continuous crushing system comprises a homogeneous cavity, a centrifugal cavity, an extrusion cavity and a condensation channel, wherein the homogeneous cavity, the centrifugal cavity and the extrusion cavity are sequentially connected, and the homogeneous cavity is provided with a homogeneous impeller and a feed.
- a centrifugal mouth is disposed in the centrifugal chamber, the centrifugal chamber is provided with a return passage communicating with the homogeneous chamber with respect to a circumferential outer side of the impeller, and the return passage is provided with a pump for the homogeneous chamber a pump body of the liquid, an outer wall of the extrusion chamber is provided with an injection needle communicating with the extrusion chamber, the extrusion chamber is provided with a return passage, the injection needle is disposed in the condensation passage, and the condensation passage is connected a gas supply device for supplying a chilled gas, wherein an intake direction of the chilled gas passing through the injection needle is not parallel to the injection needle, and an electrode plate is disposed on an inner wall of the condensing passage outside the injection needle.
- the injection needle and the electrode plate are respectively connected to two poles of an electrostatic generator, a downwind direction of the injection needle in the condensation passage is provided with a metal mesh cavity having a polarity opposite to the electrode plate, and a metal mesh surface of the metal mesh cavity is disposed facing the electrode plate, and the metal mesh cavity side is disposed
- An air suction port is provided, and the air suction port is connected to a pumping and collecting device, and an outlet of the condensation channel is connected to an air pumping device to be connected to the returning channel.
- the homogenizing chamber, the centrifugal chamber and the extrusion chamber are cylindrical and coaxially disposed, and the homogeneous chamber communicates with the centrifugal chamber through a first inlet disposed at a center of the bottom, the homogeneous chamber a peripheral side of the bottom portion is provided with a return port communicating with the centrifugal chamber, the return port constituting the return flow passage, the return port is provided with the pump body, and the centrifugal chamber passes through a second inlet disposed at the center of the bottom portion
- the extrusion chambers are in communication.
- the homogeneous impeller and the centrifugal impeller are disposed on a central axis of the homogenous cavity and the centrifugal cavity, and the driving axes of the homogeneous impeller and the centrifugal impeller are nested coaxially.
- the center of the centrifugal impeller is convex toward the first inlet.
- the homogenizing chamber, the centrifugal chamber and the extrusion chamber are disposed in the condensation passage, and the condensation passage is disposed coaxially with the homogeneous chamber, the centrifugal chamber and the extrusion chamber.
- the metal mesh cavity is cylindrical and disposed in the condensation passage, the metal mesh surface being parallel to the inner wall of the condensation passage.
- the condensation passage is an inverted conical cylinder, and the homogeneous chamber, the centrifugal chamber, the extrusion chamber and the metal mesh chamber are adapted to the inner wall of the condensation passage.
- the area of the metal mesh surface of the metal mesh cavity that coincides with the electrode plate is not less than one fifth of the total area.
- the chilled gas in the condensing passage is nitrogen.
- the cellulose solution is drawn by the electrospinning drawing process, and the wire is subjected to freeze bending and cracking through the condensation passage to form cellulose nanofibers, which can be pulverized into cellulose by a small force in a frozen state.
- Nanofiber so the system has high efficiency and rapid production of fiber The ability of vitamin nanofibers.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the flow direction of the nanofiber continuous crushing system and the smaller pulverized particle product.
- Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the flow of the nanofiber continuous crushing system and the flow direction of the larger pulverized pellet product.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the cold pulverization of the injection needle of the nanofiber continuous crushing system.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an extrusion chamber of the nanofiber continuous crushing system.
- the nanofiber continuous crushing system comprises a homogenous chamber 100, a centrifugal chamber 300, an extrusion chamber 500 and a condensation passage 800, the homogeneous chamber 100, the centrifugal chamber 300, and the squeeze chamber.
- the extraction chambers 500 are connected in sequence, and the homogenization chamber 100, the centrifugal chamber 300 and the extrusion chamber 500 are cylindrical and coaxially disposed, and the homogeneous chamber 100 is provided with a homogeneous impeller 200 and a feed port 110.
- the feed port 110 can be fed with a conventional extrusion apparatus to feed the cellulosic material.
- a centrifugal impeller 400 is disposed in the centrifugal chamber 300, and the centrifugal chamber 300 is provided with a return port communicating with the homogeneous chamber 100 with respect to a circumferential outer side of the impeller 400, and the return port is provided with the pump body.
- the flow rate of the pump body should be smaller than the liquid inlet amount of the feed port 110, so that the liquid containing the coarser particles after centrifugation enters the homogenization chamber 100 again for homogenization, and the homogeneous impeller 200 and the centrifugal impeller 400 adopt the conventional average.
- the impeller structure used in the mass machine and the centrifuge, the coaxial chamber 100, the centrifugal chamber 300, and the extrusion chamber 500 disposed coaxially can effectively reduce the volume of the system.
- the homogenizing chamber 100 communicates with the centrifugal chamber 300 through a first inlet 120 disposed at a center of the bottom, the centrifugal chamber 300 passing through a second inlet 320 disposed at a center of the bottom and the extrusion chamber 500 is connected, the extrusion chamber 500 is provided with a return passage 610, and the outer wall of the extrusion chamber 500 is provided with an injection needle 600 that communicates with the extrusion chamber 500, which uses a metal injection in a conventional electrospinning needle.
- the injection needle 600 is disposed in the condensing passage 800, and the condensing passage 800 communicates with a gas supply device that supplies the chilled gas, and the chilled gas of the condensing passage 800 passes through the injection needle 600 and the intake direction is not parallel to the
- An injection needle 600 is disposed on an inner wall of the condensation passage 800 outside the injection needle 600.
- the injection needle 600 and the electrode plate 810 are respectively connected to two poles of an electrostatic generator.
- a lower mesh direction of the injection needle 600 in 800 is provided with a metal mesh cavity 700 of opposite polarity to the electrode plate 810, and a metal mesh surface 710 of the metal mesh cavity 700 is disposed facing the electrode plate 810,
- a suction port 720 is disposed on one side of the metal mesh chamber 700.
- the air suction port 720 is connected to an air suction device.
- the outlet of the condensation channel 800 is connected to the other air suction device and then connected to the return channel 610.
- the wire drawn by the injection needle 600 can be bent and fractured under the action of the condensing passage 800 to form a product of smaller pulverized particles and a product of larger pulverized particles.
- the metal mesh chamber 700 can absorb the product of the smaller pulverized particles by static electricity, and the product of the larger pulverized particles is blown out of the condensing passage 800 by inertia, and the pumping and collecting device connected to the condensing passage 800 can adopt the filter screen, centrifugal or pass.
- the solution processed into the system is collected in a medium manner, and after the collection is completed, the liquid is returned to the extrusion chamber 500 through the return passage 610.
- the pumping and collecting device connected to the suction port 720 can be collected by using a strainer, centrifugation or a solution processed into the system, and recovering the normal pulverized particles to form cellulose nanofibers after normal temperature.
- the homogeneous impeller 200 and the centrifugal impeller 400 are disposed on the central axis of the homogenizing chamber 100 and the centrifugal chamber 300.
- the driving axes of the homogeneous impeller 200 and the centrifugal impeller 400 are nested coaxially.
- the center of the centrifugal impeller 400 is convex toward the first inlet 120, so that the liquid entering the centrifugal chamber 300 is dispersed to the centrifugal chamber 300 for the first time.
- the homogenizing chamber 100, the centrifugal chamber 300 and the extrusion chamber 500 are disposed in the condensation passage 800, the condensation passage 800 and the homogeneous chamber 100, the centrifugal chamber 300 and the squeeze
- the outlet chamber 500 is coaxially disposed.
- the metal mesh chamber 700 is cylindrical and disposed in the condensation passage 800, and the metal mesh surface 710 is parallel to the inner wall of the condensation passage 800.
- the condensation passage 800 is an inverted cone cylinder, and the homogeneous chamber 100, the centrifugal chamber 300, the extrusion chamber 500 and the metal mesh chamber 700 are in contact with the inner wall of the condensation passage 800.
- the electrode plates 810 on the inverted cone condensing passage 800 are disposed obliquely, and the product for facilitating the larger pulverized particles blows out the outlet of the condensing passage 800.
- the area of the metal mesh surface 710 of the metal mesh cavity 700 and the electrode plate 810 is not less than one-fifth of the total area, ensuring that the products of the smaller pulverized particles are electrostatically charged. Entering the metal mesh cavity 700 under action
- the chilled gas in the condensing passage 800 is nitrogen.
- the cellulosic material is extruded into the homogenizing chamber 100 by the feed port 110 for homogeneous pulverization, and the centrifugal chamber 300 is pulverized by the homogenizing chamber 100 to contain coarser particles and smaller solute for screening, smaller particles.
- the solute concentrates at a central position due to centrifugal force, and the solution containing the smaller granule solute enters the extrusion chamber 500 under pressure, and the solution of the coarse granule solute is circulated into the homogeneous chamber 100 by the pump body for re-pulverization and homogenization.
- the injection needle 600 on the extrusion chamber 500 will contain a smaller particle solutes
- the solution is extruded, and the drawing is generated by the action of static electricity.
- the drawing Due to the cooling of the chilling gas of the condensing passage 800, referring to FIG. 3, the drawing is frozen and bent to break, forming nano-cracked cellulose nanofibers, see FIG.
- the metal mesh cavity 700 absorbs the nano-chip by electrostatic absorption and is collected by an air suction device and cooled into finished cellulose nanofibers, see FIG. 2, and the coarser debris blows out the condensation channel due to its own weight and inertia.
- the outlet of 800 is collected and cooled by the suction collecting device and then re-entered into the extrusion chamber 500 for wire drawing and freezing.
Abstract
Disclosed is a nanofiber continuous crushing system, comprising a homogenizing chamber (100), a centrifugal chamber (300), an extrusion chamber (500) and a condensation channel (800), wherein the homogenizing chamber (100), the centrifugal chamber (300) and the extrusion chamber (500) are in communication in sequence, an outer wall of the extrusion chamber (500) is provided with an injection needle (600) in communication with the extrusion chamber (500), the injection needle (600) is provided in the condensation channel (800), the condensation channel (800) is in communication with a gas supply device supplying freezing gas, an inner wall of the condensation channel (800) outside the injection needle (600) is provided with an electrode plate (810), and the injection needle (600) and the electrode plate (810) are respectively in communication with two poles of a static electricity generator. The crushing system uses a drawing process of electrostatic spinning to perform drawing on a cellulose solution, and performs freezing, bending and crushing on the drawn fibers by means of the condensation channel to form nanocellulose fibres. Since only very slight force is required to pulverize the drawn fibers in a frozen state to prepare nanocellulose fibres, the system has the capability of efficient and rapid production of nanocellulose fibres.
Description
本发明涉及纤维素纳米纤维制造领域，特别地，是一种纤维素纳米纤维的连续破碎***。The present invention relates to the field of cellulose nanofiber manufacturing, and in particular to a continuous crushing system of cellulose nanofibers.
纳米纤维素(Nanocellulose,NC)是以纤维材料作为原料，通过化学、物理或生物处理的途径制备的具有一维纳米尺寸的纤维素材料，它具有纤维素的基本结构、性能以及纳米颗粒的典型特性，采用机械处理方法制取NFC，不需施加大量化学品，对环境基本没有污染，但制备过程能耗较高(约25 000kWh·t-1)[1]。机械处理方法包括高压均质、研磨、微射流、冷冻粉碎及高强度超声波处理等。机械处理方法制造纳米纤维素，在大部分情况下特别是研磨搅拌后期，功耗都浪费在剪切基材的宏观运动中。Nanocellulose (NC) is a cellulose material with one-dimensional nanometer size prepared by chemical, physical or biological treatment using fibrous materials as raw materials. It has the basic structure and properties of cellulose and typical of nanoparticles. Characteristics, using mechanical treatment to produce NFC, no need to apply a large amount of chemicals, no pollution to the environment, but the production process energy consumption is high (about 25 000 kWh · t-1) [1]. Mechanical treatment methods include high pressure homogenization, grinding, microjet, freeze pulverization, and high intensity ultrasonic treatment. Mechanical processing methods for the manufacture of nanocellulose, in most cases, especially after the grinding and stirring, power consumption is wasted in the macroscopic motion of the shearing substrate.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种纳米纤维连续破碎***，该***能够节能高效的制造纤维素纳米纤维。In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a nanofiber continuous crushing system capable of energy-saving and efficient production of cellulose nanofibers.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is:
该纳米纤维连续破碎***包括均质腔、离心腔、挤出腔和冷凝通道，所述均质腔、离心腔、挤出腔按顺序连通，所述均质腔内设置有均质叶轮和进料口，所述离心腔内设置有离心叶轮，所述离心腔相对所述叶轮周向的外侧设置有连通所述均质腔的回流道，所述回流道设置有向所述均质腔泵液的泵体，所述挤出腔的外壁设置有连通挤出腔的注射针，所述挤出腔设置有回料道，所述注射针设置在所述冷凝通道中，所述冷凝通道连通供应冷冻气体的供气装置，所述冷凝通道的冷冻气体经过所述注射针的进气方向不平行于所述注射针，所述注射针外侧的所述冷凝通道内壁上设置有电极板，所述注射针与所述电极板分别连通一静电发生器的两极，在所述
冷凝通道内的所述注射针的下风向设置一与所述电极板极性相反的金属网腔，所述金属网腔的金属网面面对所述电极板设置，所述金属网腔一侧设置有抽气口，所述抽气口连通一抽气聚集装置，所述冷凝通道的出口连通一抽气聚集装置后接入所述回料道。The nanofiber continuous crushing system comprises a homogeneous cavity, a centrifugal cavity, an extrusion cavity and a condensation channel, wherein the homogeneous cavity, the centrifugal cavity and the extrusion cavity are sequentially connected, and the homogeneous cavity is provided with a homogeneous impeller and a feed. a centrifugal mouth is disposed in the centrifugal chamber, the centrifugal chamber is provided with a return passage communicating with the homogeneous chamber with respect to a circumferential outer side of the impeller, and the return passage is provided with a pump for the homogeneous chamber a pump body of the liquid, an outer wall of the extrusion chamber is provided with an injection needle communicating with the extrusion chamber, the extrusion chamber is provided with a return passage, the injection needle is disposed in the condensation passage, and the condensation passage is connected a gas supply device for supplying a chilled gas, wherein an intake direction of the chilled gas passing through the injection needle is not parallel to the injection needle, and an electrode plate is disposed on an inner wall of the condensing passage outside the injection needle. The injection needle and the electrode plate are respectively connected to two poles of an electrostatic generator,
a downwind direction of the injection needle in the condensation passage is provided with a metal mesh cavity having a polarity opposite to the electrode plate, and a metal mesh surface of the metal mesh cavity is disposed facing the electrode plate, and the metal mesh cavity side is disposed An air suction port is provided, and the air suction port is connected to a pumping and collecting device, and an outlet of the condensation channel is connected to an air pumping device to be connected to the returning channel.
作为优选，所述均质腔、离心腔和挤出腔为圆筒状且同轴设置，所述均质腔通过设置在底部中心的第一进口与所述离心腔连通，所述均质腔底部的周侧设置有与所述离心腔连通的回流口，所述回流口构成所述回流道，所述回流口设置所述泵体，所述离心腔通过设置在底部中心的第二进口与所述挤出腔连通。Preferably, the homogenizing chamber, the centrifugal chamber and the extrusion chamber are cylindrical and coaxially disposed, and the homogeneous chamber communicates with the centrifugal chamber through a first inlet disposed at a center of the bottom, the homogeneous chamber a peripheral side of the bottom portion is provided with a return port communicating with the centrifugal chamber, the return port constituting the return flow passage, the return port is provided with the pump body, and the centrifugal chamber passes through a second inlet disposed at the center of the bottom portion The extrusion chambers are in communication.
作为优选，所述均质叶轮和离心叶轮设置在所述均质腔、离心腔的中轴线上，所述均质叶轮和离心叶轮的驱动轴嵌套式共轴设置。Preferably, the homogeneous impeller and the centrifugal impeller are disposed on a central axis of the homogenous cavity and the centrifugal cavity, and the driving axes of the homogeneous impeller and the centrifugal impeller are nested coaxially.
作为优选，所述离心叶轮的中心向所述第一进口的方向凸起。Preferably, the center of the centrifugal impeller is convex toward the first inlet.
作为优选，所述均质腔、离心腔和挤出腔设置在所述冷凝通道内，所述冷凝通道与所述均质腔、离心腔和挤出腔同轴设置。Preferably, the homogenizing chamber, the centrifugal chamber and the extrusion chamber are disposed in the condensation passage, and the condensation passage is disposed coaxially with the homogeneous chamber, the centrifugal chamber and the extrusion chamber.
作为优选，所述金属网腔为圆筒状并设置在所述冷凝通道内，所述金属网面与所述冷凝通道的内壁相平行。Preferably, the metal mesh cavity is cylindrical and disposed in the condensation passage, the metal mesh surface being parallel to the inner wall of the condensation passage.
作为优选，所述冷凝通道为倒锥形的圆筒，所述均质腔、离心腔、挤出腔和金属网腔与所述冷凝通道的内壁相适应。Preferably, the condensation passage is an inverted conical cylinder, and the homogeneous chamber, the centrifugal chamber, the extrusion chamber and the metal mesh chamber are adapted to the inner wall of the condensation passage.
作为优选，所述金属网腔的金属网面与所述电极板正对重合的面积不小于总面积的五分之一。Preferably, the area of the metal mesh surface of the metal mesh cavity that coincides with the electrode plate is not less than one fifth of the total area.
作为优选，所述冷凝通道内冷冻气体为氮气。Preferably, the chilled gas in the condensing passage is nitrogen.
本发明的优点在于：The advantages of the invention are:
采用静电纺丝的拉丝工艺将纤维素溶液进行拉丝，并通过冷凝通道将拉丝进行冷冻弯曲碎裂，形成纤维素纳米纤维，由于冷冻状态的拉丝只需很小的力就可粉碎制成纤维素纳米纤维，因此本***具有高效快速生产纤
维素纳米纤维的能力。The cellulose solution is drawn by the electrospinning drawing process, and the wire is subjected to freeze bending and cracking through the condensation passage to form cellulose nanofibers, which can be pulverized into cellulose by a small force in a frozen state. Nanofiber, so the system has high efficiency and rapid production of fiber
The ability of vitamin nanofibers.
图1是本纳米纤维连续破碎***和较小粉碎颗粒产品流向的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the flow direction of the nanofiber continuous crushing system and the smaller pulverized particle product.
图2是本纳米纤维连续破碎***和较大粉碎颗粒产品流向的结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the flow of the nanofiber continuous crushing system and the flow direction of the larger pulverized pellet product.
图3是本纳米纤维连续破碎***注射针拉丝冷冻粉碎的示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the cold pulverization of the injection needle of the nanofiber continuous crushing system.
图4是本纳米纤维连续破碎***挤出腔的截面示意图。4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an extrusion chamber of the nanofiber continuous crushing system.
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明：The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
在本实施例中，参阅图1和图4，该纳米纤维连续破碎***包括均质腔100、离心腔300、挤出腔500和冷凝通道800，所述均质腔100、离心腔300、挤出腔500按顺序连通，所述均质腔100、离心腔300和挤出腔500为圆筒状且同轴设置，所述均质腔100内设置有均质叶轮200和进料口110，所述进料口110可采用传统挤出装置将纤维素物料进行喂入。In the present embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the nanofiber continuous crushing system comprises a homogenous chamber 100, a centrifugal chamber 300, an extrusion chamber 500 and a condensation passage 800, the homogeneous chamber 100, the centrifugal chamber 300, and the squeeze chamber. The extraction chambers 500 are connected in sequence, and the homogenization chamber 100, the centrifugal chamber 300 and the extrusion chamber 500 are cylindrical and coaxially disposed, and the homogeneous chamber 100 is provided with a homogeneous impeller 200 and a feed port 110. The feed port 110 can be fed with a conventional extrusion apparatus to feed the cellulosic material.
所述离心腔300内设置有离心叶轮400，所述离心腔300相对所述叶轮400周向的外侧设置有连通所述均质腔100的回流口，所述回流口设置所述泵体，所述泵体的流量应当小于所述进料口110的进液量，使离心后含有较粗颗粒的液体再次进入均质腔100进行均质，所述均质叶轮200和离心叶轮400采用常规均质机和离心机中采用的叶轮结构，同轴设置的均质腔100、离心腔300、挤出腔500可有效减少***的体积。A centrifugal impeller 400 is disposed in the centrifugal chamber 300, and the centrifugal chamber 300 is provided with a return port communicating with the homogeneous chamber 100 with respect to a circumferential outer side of the impeller 400, and the return port is provided with the pump body. The flow rate of the pump body should be smaller than the liquid inlet amount of the feed port 110, so that the liquid containing the coarser particles after centrifugation enters the homogenization chamber 100 again for homogenization, and the homogeneous impeller 200 and the centrifugal impeller 400 adopt the conventional average. The impeller structure used in the mass machine and the centrifuge, the coaxial chamber 100, the centrifugal chamber 300, and the extrusion chamber 500 disposed coaxially can effectively reduce the volume of the system.
所述均质腔100通过设置在底部中心的第一进口120与所述离心腔300连通，所述离心腔300通过设置在底部中心的第二进口320与所述挤出腔
500连通，所述挤出腔500设置有回料道610，所述挤出腔500的外壁设置有连通挤出腔500的注射针600，所述注射针600采用常规静电纺丝中的金属注射针。The homogenizing chamber 100 communicates with the centrifugal chamber 300 through a first inlet 120 disposed at a center of the bottom, the centrifugal chamber 300 passing through a second inlet 320 disposed at a center of the bottom and the extrusion chamber
500 is connected, the extrusion chamber 500 is provided with a return passage 610, and the outer wall of the extrusion chamber 500 is provided with an injection needle 600 that communicates with the extrusion chamber 500, which uses a metal injection in a conventional electrospinning needle.
所述注射针600设置在所述冷凝通道800中，所述冷凝通道800连通供应冷冻气体的供气装置，所述冷凝通道800的冷冻气体经过所述注射针600的进气方向不平行于所述注射针600，所述注射针600外侧的所述冷凝通道800内壁上设置有电极板810，所述注射针600与所述电极板810分别连通一静电发生器的两极，在所述冷凝通道800内的所述注射针600的下风向设置一与所述电极板810极性相反的金属网腔700，所述金属网腔700的金属网面710面对所述电极板810设置，所述金属网腔700一侧设置有抽气口720，所述抽气口720连通一抽气聚集装置，所述冷凝通道800的出口连通另一抽气聚集装置后接入所述回料道610。The injection needle 600 is disposed in the condensing passage 800, and the condensing passage 800 communicates with a gas supply device that supplies the chilled gas, and the chilled gas of the condensing passage 800 passes through the injection needle 600 and the intake direction is not parallel to the An injection needle 600 is disposed on an inner wall of the condensation passage 800 outside the injection needle 600. The injection needle 600 and the electrode plate 810 are respectively connected to two poles of an electrostatic generator. a lower mesh direction of the injection needle 600 in 800 is provided with a metal mesh cavity 700 of opposite polarity to the electrode plate 810, and a metal mesh surface 710 of the metal mesh cavity 700 is disposed facing the electrode plate 810, A suction port 720 is disposed on one side of the metal mesh chamber 700. The air suction port 720 is connected to an air suction device. The outlet of the condensation channel 800 is connected to the other air suction device and then connected to the return channel 610.
所述注射针600挤出的拉丝能够在所述冷凝通道800冷冻气体的作用下发生弯曲碎裂形成较小粉碎颗粒的产品和较大粉碎颗粒的产品。The wire drawn by the injection needle 600 can be bent and fractured under the action of the condensing passage 800 to form a product of smaller pulverized particles and a product of larger pulverized particles.
所述金属网腔700能够通过静电吸收较小粉碎颗粒的产品，而较大粉碎颗粒的产品由于惯性吹出所述冷凝通道800，连接冷凝通道800的抽气聚集装置可采用滤网、离心或者通入本***加工的溶液中等方式进行收集，收集完成升温恢复液态后通过所述回料道610再次进入所述挤出腔500。连接抽气口720的抽气聚集装置可采用滤网、离心或者通入本***加工的溶液中等方式进行收集，恢复常温后较小粉碎颗粒形成纤维素纳米纤维。The metal mesh chamber 700 can absorb the product of the smaller pulverized particles by static electricity, and the product of the larger pulverized particles is blown out of the condensing passage 800 by inertia, and the pumping and collecting device connected to the condensing passage 800 can adopt the filter screen, centrifugal or pass. The solution processed into the system is collected in a medium manner, and after the collection is completed, the liquid is returned to the extrusion chamber 500 through the return passage 610. The pumping and collecting device connected to the suction port 720 can be collected by using a strainer, centrifugation or a solution processed into the system, and recovering the normal pulverized particles to form cellulose nanofibers after normal temperature.
所述均质叶轮200和离心叶轮400设置在所述均质腔100、离心腔300的中轴线上，所述均质叶轮200和离心叶轮400的驱动轴嵌套式共轴设置。
The homogeneous impeller 200 and the centrifugal impeller 400 are disposed on the central axis of the homogenizing chamber 100 and the centrifugal chamber 300. The driving axes of the homogeneous impeller 200 and the centrifugal impeller 400 are nested coaxially.
上述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，所述离心叶轮400的中心向所述第一进口120的方向凸起，使进入离心腔300的液体第一时间分散至离心腔300。In the above-described nanofiber continuous crushing system, the center of the centrifugal impeller 400 is convex toward the first inlet 120, so that the liquid entering the centrifugal chamber 300 is dispersed to the centrifugal chamber 300 for the first time.
上述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，所述均质腔100、离心腔300和挤出腔500设置在所述冷凝通道800内，所述冷凝通道800与所述均质腔100、离心腔300和挤出腔500同轴设置。In the above-mentioned nanofiber continuous crushing system, the homogenizing chamber 100, the centrifugal chamber 300 and the extrusion chamber 500 are disposed in the condensation passage 800, the condensation passage 800 and the homogeneous chamber 100, the centrifugal chamber 300 and the squeeze The outlet chamber 500 is coaxially disposed.
上述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，所述金属网腔700为圆筒状并设置在所述冷凝通道800内，所述金属网面710与所述冷凝通道800的内壁相平行。In the above-described nanofiber continuous crushing system, the metal mesh chamber 700 is cylindrical and disposed in the condensation passage 800, and the metal mesh surface 710 is parallel to the inner wall of the condensation passage 800.
上述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，所述冷凝通道800为倒锥形的圆筒，所述均质腔100、离心腔300、挤出腔500和金属网腔700与所述冷凝通道800的内壁相适应，倒锥形冷凝通道800上的电极板810因倾斜设置，利于较大粉碎颗粒的产品吹出所述冷凝通道800的出口。In the above-mentioned nanofiber continuous crushing system, the condensation passage 800 is an inverted cone cylinder, and the homogeneous chamber 100, the centrifugal chamber 300, the extrusion chamber 500 and the metal mesh chamber 700 are in contact with the inner wall of the condensation passage 800. Suitably, the electrode plates 810 on the inverted cone condensing passage 800 are disposed obliquely, and the product for facilitating the larger pulverized particles blows out the outlet of the condensing passage 800.
上述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，所述金属网腔700的金属网面710与所述电极板810正对重合的面积不小于总面积的五分之一，确保较小粉碎颗粒的产品在静电的作用下进入所述金属网腔700In the above-mentioned nanofiber continuous crushing system, the area of the metal mesh surface 710 of the metal mesh cavity 700 and the electrode plate 810 is not less than one-fifth of the total area, ensuring that the products of the smaller pulverized particles are electrostatically charged. Entering the metal mesh cavity 700 under action
上述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，所述冷凝通道800内冷冻气体为氮气。In the above nanofiber continuous crushing system, the chilled gas in the condensing passage 800 is nitrogen.
上述实施例中的纳米纤维连续破碎***的运行原理：The operating principle of the nanofiber continuous crushing system in the above embodiment:
纤维素物料由所述进料口110挤入所述均质腔100进行均质粉碎，所述离心腔300对均质腔100粉碎后含有较粗颗粒和较小颗粒溶质进行筛选，较小颗粒溶质因离心力集中于中心位置，含有较小颗粒溶质的溶液在压力作用下进入挤出腔500，较粗颗粒溶质的溶液由所述泵体循环入所述均质腔100进行再粉碎均质，所述挤出腔500上的注射针600将含有较小颗粒溶质
的溶液挤出，在静电的作用下产生拉丝，由于所述冷凝通道800冷冻气体的降温，参阅图3，拉丝产生冷冻弯曲而发生断裂，形成纳米碎屑即纤维素纳米纤维，参阅图1，所述金属网腔700通过静电吸收所述纳米碎屑并由抽气聚集装置收集并冷却成成品纤维素纳米纤维，参阅图2，而较粗的碎屑因自身重量和惯性吹出所述冷凝通道800的出口，经过抽气聚集装置收集冷却后再次进入挤出腔500进行拉丝冷冻碎裂。The cellulosic material is extruded into the homogenizing chamber 100 by the feed port 110 for homogeneous pulverization, and the centrifugal chamber 300 is pulverized by the homogenizing chamber 100 to contain coarser particles and smaller solute for screening, smaller particles. The solute concentrates at a central position due to centrifugal force, and the solution containing the smaller granule solute enters the extrusion chamber 500 under pressure, and the solution of the coarse granule solute is circulated into the homogeneous chamber 100 by the pump body for re-pulverization and homogenization. The injection needle 600 on the extrusion chamber 500 will contain a smaller particle solutes
The solution is extruded, and the drawing is generated by the action of static electricity. Due to the cooling of the chilling gas of the condensing passage 800, referring to FIG. 3, the drawing is frozen and bent to break, forming nano-cracked cellulose nanofibers, see FIG. The metal mesh cavity 700 absorbs the nano-chip by electrostatic absorption and is collected by an air suction device and cooled into finished cellulose nanofibers, see FIG. 2, and the coarser debris blows out the condensation channel due to its own weight and inertia. The outlet of 800 is collected and cooled by the suction collecting device and then re-entered into the extrusion chamber 500 for wire drawing and freezing.
所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围。
The invention is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., which are within the spirit and scope of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the present invention. .
Claims (9)
- 一种纳米纤维连续破碎***，其特征在于：包括均质腔(100)、离心腔(300)、挤出腔(500)和冷凝通道(800)，所述均质腔(100)、离心腔(300)、挤出腔(500)按顺序连通，所述均质腔(100)内设置有均质叶轮(200)和进料口(110)，所述离心腔(300)内设置有离心叶轮(400)，所述离心腔(300)相对所述叶轮(400)周向的外侧设置有连通所述均质腔(100)的回流道(310)，所述回流道(310)设置有向所述均质腔(100)泵液的泵体，所述挤出腔(500)设置有回料道(610)，所述挤出腔(500)的外壁设置有连通挤出腔(500)的注射针(600)，所述注射针(600)设置在所述冷凝通道(800)中，所述冷凝通道(800)连通供应冷冻气体的供气装置，所述冷凝通道(800)的冷冻气体经过所述注射针(600)的进气方向不平行于所述注射针(600)，所述注射针(600)外侧的所述冷凝通道(800)内壁上设置有电极板(810)，所述注射针(600)与所述电极板(810)分别连通一静电发生器的两极，在所述冷凝通道(800)内的所述注射针(600)的下风向设置一与所述电极板(810)极性相反的金属网腔(700)，所述金属网腔(700)的金属网面(710)面对所述电极板(810)设置，所述金属网腔(700)一侧设置有抽气口(720)，所述抽气口(720)连通一抽气聚集装置，所述冷凝通道(800)的出口连通另一抽气聚集装置后接入所述回料道(610)。A nanofiber continuous crushing system, comprising: a homogenous cavity (100), a centrifugal cavity (300), an extrusion cavity (500), and a condensation channel (800), the homogeneous cavity (100), a centrifugal cavity (300), the extrusion chamber (500) is connected in sequence, the homogeneous chamber (100) is provided with a homogeneous impeller (200) and a feed port (110), and the centrifugal chamber (300) is provided with centrifugation An impeller (400), the centrifugal chamber (300) is provided with a return passage (310) communicating with the homogeneous chamber (100) with respect to a circumferential outer side of the impeller (400), and the return passage (310) is provided with a pump body that pumps the homogeneous chamber (100), the extrusion chamber (500) is provided with a return passage (610), and an outer wall of the extrusion chamber (500) is provided with a communication extrusion chamber (500) An injection needle (600), the injection needle (600) being disposed in the condensation passage (800), the condensation passage (800) being connected to a supply device for supplying a refrigerant gas, the condensation passage (800) An intake direction of the refrigerant gas passing through the injection needle (600) is not parallel to the injection needle (600), and an electrode plate (810) is disposed on an inner wall of the condensation passage (800) outside the injection needle (600). The injection needle (600) and the electrode plate (810 Connecting the two poles of an electrostatic generator respectively, and setting a metal mesh cavity (700) of opposite polarity to the electrode plate (810) in the downwind direction of the injection needle (600) in the condensation channel (800) The metal mesh surface (710) of the metal mesh cavity (700) is disposed facing the electrode plate (810), and one side of the metal mesh cavity (700) is provided with an air suction port (720), and the air suction port ( 720) Connecting a pumping collecting device, the outlet of the condensing passage (800) is connected to the other pumping collecting device and then connected to the returning passage (610).
- 根据权利要求1所述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，其特征在于：所述均质腔(100)、离心腔(300)和挤出腔(500)为圆筒状且同轴设置，所述均质腔(100)通过设置在底部中心的第一进口(120)与所述离心腔(300)连通，所述均质腔(100)底部的周侧设置有与所述离心腔(300)连通的回流口，所述回流口构成所述回流道(310)，所述回流口设置所述泵体， 所述离心腔(300)通过设置在底部中心的第二进口(320)与所述挤出腔(500)连通。The nanofiber continuous crushing system according to claim 1, wherein the homogeneous cavity (100), the centrifugal cavity (300) and the extrusion cavity (500) are cylindrical and coaxially disposed, The mass chamber (100) is in communication with the centrifugal chamber (300) through a first inlet (120) disposed at a center of the bottom portion, and a circumferential side of the bottom portion of the homogeneous chamber (100) is disposed to communicate with the centrifugal chamber (300) a return port, the return port constitutes the return passage (310), and the return port is provided with the pump body, The centrifugal chamber (300) is in communication with the extrusion chamber (500) via a second inlet (320) disposed at the center of the bottom.
- 根据权利要求2所述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，其特征在于：所述均质叶轮(200)和离心叶轮(400)设置在所述均质腔(100)、离心腔(300)的中轴线上，所述均质叶轮(200)和离心叶轮(400)的驱动轴嵌套式共轴设置。The nanofiber continuous crushing system according to claim 2, wherein the homogeneous impeller (200) and the centrifugal impeller (400) are disposed at a central axis of the homogenizing chamber (100) and the centrifugal chamber (300) Above, the drive shafts of the homogeneous impeller (200) and the centrifugal impeller (400) are nested coaxially.
- 根据权利要求3所述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，其特征在于：所述离心叶轮(400)的中心向所述第一进口(120)的方向凸起。The nanofiber continuous crushing system according to claim 3, characterized in that the center of the centrifugal impeller (400) is convex toward the first inlet (120).
- 根据权利要求1所述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，其特征在于：所述均质腔(100)、离心腔(300)和挤出腔(500)设置在所述冷凝通道(800)内，所述冷凝通道(800)与所述均质腔(100)、离心腔(300)和挤出腔(500)同轴设置。The nanofiber continuous crushing system according to claim 1, wherein the homogeneous chamber (100), the centrifugal chamber (300) and the extrusion chamber (500) are disposed in the condensation passage (800). The condensing passage (800) is disposed coaxially with the homogeneous chamber (100), the centrifugal chamber (300), and the extrusion chamber (500).
- 根据权利要求5所述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，其特征在于：所述金属网腔(700)为圆筒状并设置在所述冷凝通道(800)内，所述金属网面(710)与所述冷凝通道(800)的内壁相平行。The nanofiber continuous crushing system according to claim 5, wherein the metal mesh cavity (700) is cylindrical and disposed in the condensation passage (800), the metal mesh surface (710) and The inner walls of the condensation passage (800) are parallel.
- 根据权利要求1—6任一权利所述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，其特征在于：所述冷凝通道(800)为倒锥形的圆筒，所述均质腔(100)、离心腔(300)、挤出腔(500)和金属网腔(700)与所述冷凝通道(800)的内壁相适应。The nanofiber continuous crushing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the condensation passage (800) is an inverted cone cylinder, and the homogeneous chamber (100) and the centrifugal chamber (300) The extrusion chamber (500) and the metal mesh chamber (700) are adapted to the inner wall of the condensation passage (800).
- 根据权利要求1—6任一权利所述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，其特征在于：所述金属网腔(700)的金属网面(710)与所述电极板(810)正对重合的面积不小于总面积的五分之一。The nanofiber continuous crushing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the area of the metal mesh surface (710) of the metal mesh cavity (700) and the electrode plate (810) coincide with each other. Not less than one-fifth of the total area.
- 根据权利要求1—6任一权利所述的纳米纤维连续破碎***，其特征在于：所述冷凝通道(800)内冷冻气体为氮气。 The nanofiber continuous crushing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the chilled gas in the condensing passage (800) is nitrogen.
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| CN102220718A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-10-19 | 南京林业大学 | Method for preparing nano celluloses through high-pressure homogenizing and low-temperature cooling |
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| US2484012A (en) * | 1946-07-01 | 1949-10-11 | American Viscose Corp | Manufacture of fibers |
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| CN102220718A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-10-19 | 南京林业大学 | Method for preparing nano celluloses through high-pressure homogenizing and low-temperature cooling |
| CN103132169A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-05 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Preparation method for cellulose nano-fibers capable of dispersing stably |
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