CN109291297B - Granulation process of natural rubber - Google Patents
Granulation process of natural rubber Download PDFInfo
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- CN109291297B CN109291297B CN201811052982.3A CN201811052982A CN109291297B CN 109291297 B CN109291297 B CN 109291297B CN 201811052982 A CN201811052982 A CN 201811052982A CN 109291297 B CN109291297 B CN 109291297B
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- granulation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/16—Auxiliary treatment of granules
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of rubber production, and particularly relates to a natural rubber granulation process, which comprises the following steps: putting the collected latex into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed, and arranging a filter disc below the stirrer, wherein the aperture of the filter disc is 40 meshes; conveying the latex subjected to impurity removal to a curing box through a conveyor belt, adding ammonia water and an aluminum sulfate solution, uniformly stirring and condensing to a curing state for 3 hours; the latex falls into the conveyor belt from the bottom of the curing box and is conveyed to a spray chamber for spraying, and the spraying is used for cleaning the coagulant on the surface of the latex, so that the influence on the product quality is avoided; the latex passes through the spray chamber along with the conveyor belt and moves to a drying box for drying; conveying the latex to a granulator through a conveyor belt for granulation; bagging is carried out through a bagging machine arranged at a discharge port of the granulator, and the granulation process is completed. The invention simplifies the production process, reduces the generation of intermediate products and has high energy utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rubber production, and particularly relates to a granulation process of natural rubber.
Background
The rubber industry is one of the important basic industries of national economy. It not only provides daily and medical light industrial rubber products which are indispensable to daily life for people, but also provides various rubber production equipment or rubber parts for heavy industries such as mining, traffic, building, machinery, electronics and the like and emerging industries. The natural rubber is a main form of a natural latex processing product, the processing procedures mainly comprise latex preservation, solidification, dehydration, granulation, drying and the like, and the current processing technology has the problems of more equipment, high energy consumption, noise pollution and high waste gas and waste water discharge.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a natural rubber granulating process. The process is based on the self dispersibility characteristic of latex, and directly granulates by adding a coagulant, so that the production process is simplified, the use of equipment is reduced, the generation of intermediate products and environmental pollution are small, and the process is obviously optimized. The granulating machine adopted in the process heats the granulating barrel in a heating coil mode, so that a middle conversion medium is saved, and the energy loss is small; simultaneously wrap up the one deck heat preservation in granulation section of thick bamboo periphery, avoided thermal loss, set up the water storage chamber in the heat preservation moreover, utilize heating coil to make the water heating of water storage intracavity produce steam, steam is regarded as the power supply again and is promoted the (mixing) shaft and rotate the realization and to the stirring of rubber and press the material, has further improved the utilization of energy.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a natural rubber granulating process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the collected latex into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed, and arranging a filter disc below the stirrer, wherein the aperture of the filter disc is 40 meshes, so that impurities are removed, and the purity of the latex is improved;
s2: after S1, conveying the latex subjected to impurity removal to a curing box through a conveyor belt, adding ammonia water and an aluminum sulfate solution, uniformly stirring, condensing to a cured state for 3 hours, and directly condensing the latex through the ammonia water and the aluminum sulfate solution;
s3: after the latex in the S2 is cured, the latex falls into a conveyor belt from the bottom of a curing box and is conveyed to a spray chamber for leaching, and the leaching is used for cleaning the coagulant on the surface of the latex, so that the product quality is prevented from being influenced;
s4: after the latex is leached by S3, the latex passes through a spray room along with a conveyor belt and moves to a drying box for drying;
s5: drying the latex by S4, and conveying the latex to a granulator through a conveyor belt for granulation;
s6: s5, after granulation is finished, bagging is carried out through a bagging machine arranged at a discharge port of the granulator, and the granulation process is finished;
the granulator in S5 comprises a granulating barrel, a granulating disc, a cutter, a material pushing unit, a heating coil, a drying box, an induced draft fan and a material discharging plate, wherein the granulating barrel is divided into a left part and a right part, the right part is of a cylindrical structure, the left part is of a prismatic table structure, the end face, contacting with the cylindrical structure, of the prismatic table structure is circular, a cavity communicated with the cylindrical structure and the prismatic table structure is arranged in the granulating barrel at equal wall thickness, the right end of the cavity extends to the right end face of the granulating barrel, a feed inlet is arranged in the prismatic table structure of the granulating barrel, the feed inlet is communicated with the cavity, and a feed hopper is; the granulation disc is fixed on the right end face of the granulation cylinder, granulation holes are horizontally formed in the granulation disc, and rubber in the granulation cylinder is granulated after passing through the granulation disc; the material pushing unit is positioned in the granulating barrel and used for uniformly heating the rubber in the granulating barrel and pressing the rubber into the granulating disc to complete granulation; the cutter is positioned on the right side of the granulating disc, is in contact with the right end face of the granulating disc and is driven to rotate by the material pushing unit; the heating coil is arranged inside the side wall of the granulating barrel and used for heating rubber inside the granulating barrel; the drying box is positioned at the right end of the granulation cylinder, a discharging plate inclining downwards is arranged below the granulation disc in the drying box, a discharging hole is formed in the lowest position of the discharging plate on the side wall of the drying box, and a gas outlet is formed in the bottom of the drying box; the induced draft fan is arranged at the top of the drying box and used for cooling the rubber particles on the discharging plate, so that the granulation quality is ensured; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the material pushing unit comprises a stirring shaft, a material pressing shaft, a material pushing plate, a guide rod and a driving device, wherein the left end of the stirring shaft is rotatably installed on the left side wall of the granulation cylinder, the left end of the stirring shaft penetrates through the granulation cylinder and extends outwards, the stirring shaft is positioned in a prismatic table structure of the granulation cylinder, a bidirectional spiral groove is formed in the circumferential surface of the stirring shaft, a rectangular stepped counter bore is formed in the right end face of the stirring shaft along the axis direction, and a piston rod is arranged in the rectangular stepped counter bore of; the section of the piston rod is rectangular, a stirring shaft extends out of the right end of the piston rod, a hexagonal prism is horizontally arranged at the right end of the piston rod, a hexagonal pyramid is horizontally arranged on the right end face of the hexagonal prism, and mercury is stored at the bottom of the rectangular stepped counter bore; the right end of the material pressing shaft is rotatably arranged on the granulating disc, the right end of the material pressing shaft penetrates through the granulating disc to extend outwards, the cutter is arranged at the right end of the material pressing shaft, the material pressing shaft is positioned in a cylindrical structure of the granulating barrel, the material pressing shaft and the stirring shaft are coaxially and horizontally arranged, a spiral sheet is arranged on the surface of the material pressing shaft, the highest point of the spiral sheet is in contact with the inner wall of the granulating barrel, a sinking groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the piston rod, of the material pressing shaft, and the hexagonal prism and the hexagonal pyramid of the piston rod are clamped in the sinking groove; the rubber stirring device is characterized in that a through hole is horizontally formed in the middle of the material pushing plate along the axis direction, the stirring shaft penetrates through the through hole of the material pushing plate, a sliding pin is arranged in the through hole, the sliding pin is located in a bidirectional spiral groove of the stirring shaft, a tapered hole penetrating through the left end face and the right end face is formed in the material pushing plate, the left end opening of the tapered hole is larger than the right end opening of the tapered hole, rubber can move left and right through the material pushing plate due to the design of the tapered hole, the rubber is stirred, the uniformity of rubber heating is improved, meanwhile, when the material pushing plate moves right, the rubber cannot easily penetrate through the tapered hole, the rubber can be pushed right, and when the material pushing plate moves left, the rubber can; the guide rod is horizontally fixed in the granulation cylinder, the material pushing plate is provided with a guide hole for the guide rod to pass through, and the guide rod passes through the guide hole of the material pushing plate to realize the guide of the material pushing plate; the driving device is located outside the granulating barrel, is arranged at the left end of the stirring shaft and is used for realizing rotation of the stirring shaft. When the rubber granulation machine works, crushed rubber falls into a granulation cylinder through a feed hopper, a heating coil is electrified to heat the granulation cylinder, the temperature of a cavity in the granulation cylinder is raised, the rubber in the granulation cylinder is softened, in the process, a driving device enables a stirring shaft to rotate, the stirring shaft drives a material pushing plate to move back and forth in the granulation cylinder and stir the rubber in the granulation cylinder, the rubber is uniformly heated, the working efficiency is improved, when the rubber meets granulation conditions, mercury in a rectangular stepped sunken hole of the stirring shaft is heated to expand to push a piston rod to extend rightwards, a hexagonal prism and a hexagonal pyramid at the right end of the piston rod are clamped into a sunken groove of a pressing shaft, so that the stirring shaft drives the pressing shaft to synchronously rotate, a spiral sheet on the pressing shaft pushes the softened rubber to a granulation disc, after the rubber passes through the granulation hole of the granulation disc, and the cutter periodically cuts the rubber extruded from the right end of the granulation disc to realize granulation due to the rotation, rubber is cut and falls into on the play flitch of drying cabinet after the pelletization, draws the fan work to cool down to rubber granule simultaneously, makes rubber granule solidification shaping, and the rubber granule after the cooling flows out through the discharge gate and realizes collecting.
The outer surface of the granulation barrel is provided with a heat preservation layer, a water tank and a water suction pump, a water storage cavity is arranged in the heat preservation layer, liquid water is stored in the water storage cavity, a water inlet is formed in the heat preservation layer and communicated with the water storage cavity, a steam spray nozzle is arranged on the left end face of the granulation barrel, the water storage cavity of the heat preservation layer is connected with the steam spray nozzle through an air pipe, the water inlet of the water storage cavity is connected with the water tank and the water suction pump through a water pipe, and the water suction pump is; the driving device is an impeller, the steam nozzle is positioned on one side of the impeller, and the steam nozzle is used for spraying steam to the impeller to drive the impeller to rotate. When heating coil heated a granulation section of thick bamboo, the water in the heat preservation water storage cavity is heated and is produced steam, and steam passes through the steam nozzle blowout after the trachea transmission, and spun steam drives the impeller and rotates, and the impeller drives the (mixing) shaft and realizes rotating to the consumption of energy has been saved.
The end face of the material pushing plate is provided with a swinging plate and an air cylinder, and one end of the swinging plate is hinged to the end face of the material pushing plate; the utility model discloses a granulation section of thick bamboo, including cylinder, ejector pad, swing board, spring, cylinder one end articulates the terminal surface at the ejector pad, and the cylinder other end articulates the middle part at the swing board, and the mercury is stored to the cylinder, realizes being connected through spring one between swing board and the granulation section of thick bamboo left end face, and spring one is in compression state. When the temperature in the granulating barrel is low, the included angle between the swinging plate and the horizontal plane is small, the swinging plate stirs the rubber in the granulating barrel along with the material pushing plate, and the heating of the rubber is accelerated; when the temperature is higher, mercury in the cylinder is heated to expand, so that the angle between the swinging plate and the horizontal plane is increased, the rubber can be better pushed to the right side by the pushing plate, and the pushing effect is improved.
The discharging plates comprise connecting rods and fixing rods, the discharging plates are arranged into at least two layers from left to right, the discharging plates are all arranged in a manner that the right sides are inclined downwards, the discharging plates on the right sides are lower than the highest point of the adjacent discharging plates on the left sides and higher than the lowest point of the adjacent discharging plates on the left sides, gaps between the adjacent two layers of discharging plates are gradually increased along the downward inclined direction, the discharging plates are all in contact with the right side wall of the drying box, discharging ports are arranged on the right side wall of the drying box in positions corresponding to the discharging plates, and each layer of discharging plate corresponds to one discharging; the connecting rod horizontal installation is on the preceding back wall of drying cabinet, and the upper end of dead lever is fixed on the connecting rod, and the dead lever is located the right side of connecting rod, and the dead lever is arranged along the length direction of connecting rod equidistance on the connecting rod, and the clearance of adjacent dead lever is less than the particle diameter of rubber granule. On the rubber granule after the cutter cutting fell to the play flitch, because play flitch slope is provided with the multilayer, the rubber granule has realized the dispersion of rubber granule and has collected on the dead lever of each layer falls under the action of gravity, has improved refrigerated effect on the one hand, and on the other hand has also avoided mutual extrusion between the rubber granule to cause the deformation, influences the product quality.
A first water through hole is formed in the center of the fixing rod along the axis direction of the fixing rod, a second water through hole is formed in the center of the connecting rod along the length direction of the connecting rod, one end of the first water through hole extends towards the connecting rod and is communicated with the second water through hole, and one end of the second water through hole extends to the end part of the connecting rod; the water suction pump is communicated with the first water through hole through a water pipe, and the second water through hole is communicated with the water inlet of the water storage cavity through a water pipe. When water in the water tank is supplemented to the water storage cavity of the heat preservation layer through the suction pump, water firstly enters the water holes I of the fixing rods, the water is heated through the residual heat of the rubber particles, then the water flows out of the water holes II of the connecting rods, the water storage cavity is supplemented through the water pipes, on one hand, the cooling of the rubber particles is accelerated, on the other hand, the temperature of the water in the water storage cavity is also improved, energy is saved, the steam quantity is guaranteed, and therefore the smooth proceeding of work is achieved.
A material shaking plate is arranged below the feeding hole of the granulation cylinder; the upper end of the material shaking plate is hinged to the side wall of the granulation barrel, and a second spring and an air bag are arranged between the middle position of the material shaking plate and the side wall of the granulation barrel; one end of the second spring is connected with the material shaking plate, and the other end of the second spring is connected with the side wall of the granulation cylinder; the air bag is an elastic air bag, an air outlet of the air bag is connected with the steam nozzle through an air pipe, and a one-way valve is arranged at the position of the air outlet of the air bag. When the rubber after smashing in the feeder hopper falls into a granulation section of thick bamboo through the feed inlet, rubber falls on trembling the flitch, makes trembling the flitch and takes place the shake, can not appear piling up when making rubber fall into a granulation section of thick bamboo on the one hand, makes the elasticity gasbag produce compressed air when on the other hand trembles the flitch shake, and compressed air passes through the steam spray head blowout, promotes the impeller and rotates to realized that the (mixing) shaft just can realize rotating in the feeding stage, improved the effect that rubber was heated.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the natural rubber granulation process is based on the dispersibility characteristics of latex, and directly granulates by adding the coagulant, so that the production process is simplified, the use of equipment is reduced, the generation of intermediate products is reduced, the environmental pollution is small, and the process is obviously optimized. The granulating machine adopted in the process heats the granulating barrel in a heating coil mode, so that a middle conversion medium is saved, and the energy loss is small; simultaneously wrap up the one deck heat preservation in granulation section of thick bamboo periphery, avoided thermal loss, set up the water storage chamber in the heat preservation moreover, utilize heating coil to make the water heating of water storage intracavity produce steam, steam is regarded as the power supply again and is promoted the (mixing) shaft and rotate the realization and to the stirring of rubber and press the material, has further improved the utilization of energy.
2. According to the natural rubber granulating process, the granulating machine adopted in the process is provided with the multiple layers of discharging plates, particles after granulation fall onto the fixing rod and slide out of the discharging hole along the fixing rod under the action of gravity, and the multiple layers of discharging plates are designed to realize the dispersed collection of rubber particles, so that the cooling effect is improved, the deformation caused by mutual extrusion of the rubber particles is avoided, and the product quality is improved.
3. According to the natural rubber granulating process, the stirring shaft and the pressing shaft are respectively arranged in the granulator, and the rubber in the granulating barrel is stirred through the stirring shaft, so that the rubber is uniformly heated, the working efficiency is improved, when the rubber meets granulating conditions, mercury in the rectangular stepped counter bore of the stirring shaft is heated to expand to push the piston rod to extend rightwards and is clamped into the counter bore of the pressing shaft, so that the stirring shaft drives the pressing shaft to synchronously rotate, the pressing shaft drives the spiral sheet to granulate, on one hand, the rubber is uniformly heated through stirring, and the working efficiency is improved; on the other hand, the rubber can be controlled to be pressed when reaching the granulating temperature, so that the rubber is prevented from being insufficiently heated, and the granulating quality is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the pelletizer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2 of the present invention;
in the figure: the granulating device comprises a granulating barrel 1, a granulating disc 2, a cutter 3, a material pushing unit 4, a heating coil 5, a drying box 6, an induced draft fan 7, a material discharging plate 8, a feed hopper 11, a granulating hole 21, a material discharging hole 62, a gas outlet 61, a stirring shaft 41, a material pressing shaft 42, a material pushing plate 43, a guide rod 44, a driving device 45, a rectangular stepped counter bore 411, a piston rod 46, a spiral piece 47, a sinking groove 421, a tapered hole 431, a heat insulating layer 12, a water tank 13, a water suction pump 14, a water storage cavity 121, a steam spray head 15, a swinging plate 48, a cylinder 49, a connecting rod 81, a fixing rod 82, a water through hole I821, a water through hole II.
Detailed Description
The process for pelletizing a natural rubber according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the granulation process of natural rubber according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the collected latex into a stirrer to be uniformly mixed, and arranging a filter disc below the stirrer, wherein the aperture of the filter disc is 40 meshes, so that impurities are removed, and the purity of the latex is improved;
s2: after S1, conveying the latex subjected to impurity removal to a curing box through a conveyor belt, adding ammonia water and an aluminum sulfate solution, uniformly stirring, condensing to a cured state for 3 hours, and directly condensing the latex through the ammonia water and the aluminum sulfate solution;
s3: after the latex in the S2 is cured, the latex falls into a conveyor belt from the bottom of a curing box and is conveyed to a spray chamber for leaching, and the leaching is used for cleaning the coagulant on the surface of the latex, so that the product quality is prevented from being influenced;
s4: after the latex is leached by S3, the latex passes through a spray room along with a conveyor belt and moves to a drying box for drying;
s5: drying the latex by S4, and conveying the latex to a granulator through a conveyor belt for granulation;
s6: s5, after granulation is finished, bagging is carried out through a bagging machine arranged at a discharge port of the granulator, and the granulation process is finished;
the granulator in S5 comprises a granulation barrel 1, a granulation disc 2, a cutter 3, a material pushing unit 4, a heating coil 5, a drying box 6, an induced draft fan 7 and a discharge plate 8, wherein the granulation barrel 1 is divided into a left part and a right part, the right part is of a cylindrical structure, the left part is of a prismatic table structure, the end face of the prismatic table structure, which is in contact with the cylindrical structure, is circular, a cavity communicating the cylindrical structure with the prismatic table structure is formed in the granulation barrel 1 at the same wall thickness, the right end of the cavity extends to the right end face of the granulation barrel 1, a feed inlet is formed in the prismatic table structure of the granulation barrel 1, the feed inlet is communicated with the cavity, and a feed hopper 11; the granulation disc 2 is fixed on the right end face of the granulation cylinder 1, granulation holes 21 are horizontally formed in the granulation disc 2, and rubber in the granulation cylinder 1 is granulated after passing through the granulation disc 2; the material pushing unit 4 is positioned in the granulation cylinder 1, and the material pushing unit 4 is used for uniformly heating the rubber in the granulation cylinder 1 and pressing the rubber into the granulation disc 2 to complete granulation; the cutter 3 is positioned on the right side of the granulating disc 2, the cutter 3 is in contact with the right end face of the granulating disc 2, and the cutter 3 is driven by the material pushing unit 4 to rotate; the heating coil 5 is arranged inside the side wall of the granulation cylinder 1, and the heating coil 5 is used for heating the rubber inside the granulation cylinder 1; the drying box 6 is positioned at the right end of the granulation barrel 1, the drying box 6 is provided with a discharging plate 8 inclining downwards below the granulation disc 2, a discharging hole 62 is arranged at the lowest position of the discharging plate 8 on the side wall of the drying box 6, and a gas outlet 61 is arranged at the bottom of the drying box 6; the induced draft fan 7 is installed at the top of the drying box 6, and the induced draft fan 7 is used for cooling the rubber particles on the discharging plate 8, so that the granulation quality is ensured; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the material pushing unit 4 comprises a stirring shaft 41, a material pressing shaft 42, a material pushing plate 43, a guide rod 44 and a driving device 45, the left end of the stirring shaft 41 is rotatably installed on the left side wall of the granulation cylinder 1, the left end of the stirring shaft 41 penetrates through the granulation cylinder 1 to extend outwards, the stirring shaft 41 is located in a prismatic table structure of the granulation cylinder 1, a bidirectional spiral groove is formed in the circumferential surface of the stirring shaft 41, a rectangular stepped counter bore 411 is formed in the right end face of the stirring shaft 41 in the axial direction, and a piston rod 46 is arranged in the rectangular stepped counter bore 411 of the stirring shaft; the section of the piston rod 46 is rectangular, the stirring shaft 41 extends out of the right end of the piston rod 46, a hexagonal prism is horizontally arranged at the right end of the piston rod 46, a hexagonal pyramid is horizontally arranged on the right end face of the hexagonal prism, and mercury is stored at the bottom of the rectangular stepped counter bore 411; the right end of the pressing shaft 42 is rotatably mounted on the granulating disc 2, the right end of the pressing shaft 42 penetrates through the granulating disc 2 and extends outwards, the cutter 3 is mounted at the right end of the pressing shaft 42, the pressing shaft 42 is located in a cylindrical structure of the granulating barrel 1, the pressing shaft 42 and the stirring shaft 41 are coaxially and horizontally arranged, a spiral sheet 47 is arranged on the surface of the pressing shaft 42, the highest point of the spiral sheet 47 is in contact with the inner wall of the granulating barrel 1, a sinking groove 421 is formed in the position, corresponding to the piston rod 46, of the pressing shaft 42, and the sinking groove 421 is used for enabling a hexagonal prism and a hexagonal pyramid of the piston rod 46 to be clamped in the sinking groove 421; a through hole is horizontally formed in the middle of the material pushing plate 43 along the axis direction, the stirring shaft 41 penetrates through the through hole of the material pushing plate 43, a sliding pin is arranged in the through hole, the sliding pin is positioned in a bidirectional spiral groove of the stirring shaft 41, a tapered hole 431 penetrating through the left end surface and the right end surface is formed in the material pushing plate 43, the left end opening of the tapered hole 431 is larger than the right end opening, the design of the tapered hole 431 enables rubber to move left and right through the material pushing plate 43, the rubber is stirred, the uniformity of rubber heating is improved, meanwhile, when the material pushing plate 43 moves right, the rubber hardly penetrates through the tapered hole 431, the rubber can be pushed right, when the material pushing plate 43 moves left, the rubber easily penetrates through the tapered hole 431, the rubber on the right side of the material pushing; the guide rod 44 is horizontally fixed in the granulation cylinder 1, the material pushing plate 43 is provided with a guide hole for the guide rod 44 to pass through, and the guide rod 44 passes through the guide hole of the material pushing plate 43 to guide the material pushing plate 43; the driving device 45 is located outside the granulation cylinder 1, the driving device 45 is installed at the left end of the stirring shaft 41, and the driving device 45 is used for realizing the rotation of the stirring shaft 41. When the rubber granulation machine works, crushed rubber falls into the granulation cylinder 1 through the feed hopper 11, the heating coil 5 is electrified to heat the granulation cylinder 1, so that the temperature of a cavity inside the granulation cylinder 1 is raised, the rubber in the granulation cylinder 1 is softened, in the process, the driving device 45 enables the stirring shaft 41 to rotate, the stirring shaft 41 drives the material pushing plate 43 to move back and forth in the granulation cylinder 1 to stir the rubber in the granulation cylinder 1, so that the rubber is uniformly heated, the working efficiency is improved, when the rubber meets the granulation conditions, the mercury in the rectangular stepped counter bore 411 of the stirring shaft 41 is heated to expand and push the piston rod 46 to extend rightwards, the hexagonal prism and the hexagonal pyramid at the right end of the piston rod 46 are clamped into the sinking groove 421 of the material pressing shaft 42, so that the stirring shaft 41 drives the material pressing shaft 42 to synchronously rotate, the spiral piece 47 on the material pressing shaft 42 pushes the softened rubber to the granulation disc 2, and the rubber passes through, because cutter 3 rotates along with pressure material axle 42, cutter 3 cuts the realization pelletization to the rubber that the granulation dish 2 right-hand member was extruded periodically, and rubber falls into on the play flitch 8 of drying cabinet 6 after being cut the pelletization, and draught fan 7 work is cooled down the rubber granule simultaneously, makes rubber granule solidification shaping, and the rubber granule after the cooling flows out through discharge gate 62 and realizes collecting.
As shown in fig. 2, a heat insulation layer 12, a water tank 13 and a water suction pump 14 are arranged on the outer surface of the granulation cylinder 1, a water storage cavity 121 is arranged in the heat insulation layer 12, liquid water is stored in the water storage cavity 121, a water inlet is arranged on the heat insulation layer 12 and is communicated with the water storage cavity 121, a steam nozzle 15 is arranged on the left end surface of the granulation cylinder 1, the water storage cavity 121 of the heat insulation layer 12 is connected with the steam nozzle 15 through an air pipe, the water inlet of the water storage cavity 121 is connected with the water tank 13 and the water suction pump 14 through a water pipe, and the water suction pump 14 is used for supplying water in; the driving device 45 is an impeller, the steam nozzle 15 is located at one side of the impeller, and the steam nozzle 15 is used for spraying steam to the impeller to drive the impeller to rotate. When heating coil 5 heats granulation section of thick bamboo 1, the water in 12 water storage chambeies in the heat preservation is heated and is produced steam, and steam passes through steam nozzle 15 blowout after the trachea transmission, and spun steam drives the impeller and rotates, and the impeller drives (mixing) shaft 41 and realizes rotating to the consumption of energy has been saved.
As shown in fig. 2, an oscillating plate 48 and a cylinder 49 are arranged on the end surface of the material pushing plate 43, and one end of the oscillating plate 48 is hinged on the end surface of the material pushing plate 43; one end of the air cylinder 49 is hinged to the end face of the material pushing plate 43, the other end of the air cylinder 49 is hinged to the middle of the oscillating plate 48, mercury is stored in the air cylinder 49, the oscillating plate 48 is connected with the left end face of the granulating barrel 1 through a first spring, and the first spring is in a compression state. When the temperature in the granulation cylinder 1 is low, the included angle between the swinging plate 48 and the horizontal plane is small, the swinging plate 48 stirs the rubber in the granulation cylinder 1 along with the material pushing plate 43, and the heating of the rubber is accelerated; when the temperature is higher, mercury in the air cylinder 49 is heated to expand, so that the angle between the oscillating plate 48 and the horizontal plane is increased, the rubber can be better pushed to the right side by the pushing plate 43, and the pushing effect is improved.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the discharging plates 8 include connecting rods 81 and fixing rods 82, the discharging plates 8 are arranged into at least two layers from left to right, the discharging plates 8 are all arranged in a manner that the right sides are inclined downwards, the discharging plates 8 on the right sides are lower than the highest point of the discharging plates 8 on the adjacent left sides and higher than the lowest point of the discharging plates 8 on the adjacent left sides, gaps between the discharging plates 8 on the adjacent two layers are gradually increased along the downward direction of inclination, the discharging plates 8 are all in contact with the right side wall of the drying box 6, the drying box 6 is provided with discharging ports 62 on the right side wall at positions corresponding to the discharging plates 8, and each layer of discharging plates 8 corresponds to; the connecting rods 81 are horizontally arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the drying box 6, the upper ends of the fixing rods 82 are fixed on the connecting rods 81, the fixing rods 82 are located on the right sides of the connecting rods 81, the fixing rods 82 are arranged on the connecting rods 81 along the length direction of the connecting rods 81 at equal intervals, and the intervals between the adjacent fixing rods 82 are smaller than the particle size of rubber particles. On the rubber granule after cutter 3 cutting fell to play flitch 8, because play flitch 8 slope is provided with the multilayer, the rubber granule has realized the dispersion of rubber granule and has collected on falling the dead lever 82 of each layer under the action of gravity, has improved refrigerated effect on the one hand, and on the other hand has also avoided mutual extrusion between the rubber granule to cause the deformation, influences the product quality.
As shown in fig. 3, a first water through hole 821 is arranged in the center of the fixing rod 82 along the axial direction of the fixing rod 82, a second water through hole 811 is arranged in the center of the connecting rod 81 along the length direction of the connecting rod 81, one end of the first water through hole 821 extends towards the connecting rod 81 and is communicated with the second water through hole 811, and one end of the second water through hole 811 extends to the end of the connecting rod 81; the water pump 14 is communicated with the first water through hole 821 through a water pipe, and the second water through hole 811 is connected with the water inlet of the water storage cavity 121 through a water pipe. When water in the water tank 13 is supplemented to the water storage chamber 121 of the heat preservation layer 12 through the suction pump 14, water firstly enters the water hole 821 of the fixing rod 82, the residual heat through the rubber particles makes water warm up, then water flows out from the water hole two 811 of the connecting rod 81, the water storage chamber 121 is supplemented through the water pipe, on the one hand, the cooling of the rubber particles is accelerated, on the other hand, the temperature of the water in the water storage chamber 121 is also improved, the energy is saved, the steam quantity is guaranteed, and therefore the smooth proceeding of the work is achieved.
As shown in fig. 2, a material shaking plate 9 is arranged below the feed inlet of the granulation cylinder 1; the upper end of the material shaking plate 9 is hinged to the side wall of the granulation cylinder 1, and a spring II and an air bag 10 are arranged between the middle position of the material shaking plate 9 and the side wall of the granulation cylinder 1; one end of the second spring is connected with the material shaking plate 9, and the other end of the second spring is connected with the side wall of the granulation cylinder 1; the air bag 10 is an elastic air bag 10, an air outlet of the air bag 10 is connected with a steam spray head 15 through an air pipe, and a one-way valve is arranged at the position of the air outlet of the air bag 10. When the rubber after smashing in the feeder hopper 11 falls into the granulation section of thick bamboo 1 through the feed inlet, rubber falls on trembling flitch 9, the messenger trembles flitch 9 and takes place the shake, can not appear piling up when making rubber fall into the granulation section of thick bamboo 1 on the one hand, on the other hand trembles flitch 9 and makes elasticity gasbag 10 produce compressed air when shaking, compressed air passes through steam nozzle 15 blowout, promote the impeller and rotate, thereby realized that (mixing) shaft 41 just can realize rotating in the feeding stage, the effect that rubber was heated has been improved.
The specific process is as follows:
when the rubber granulation machine works, crushed rubber falls into the granulation cylinder 1 through the feed hopper 11, the heating coil 5 is electrified to heat the granulation cylinder 1, so that the temperature of a cavity inside the granulation cylinder 1 is raised, the rubber in the granulation cylinder 1 is softened, in the process, the driving device 45 enables the stirring shaft 41 to rotate, the stirring shaft 41 drives the material pushing plate 43 to move back and forth in the granulation cylinder 1 to stir the rubber in the granulation cylinder 1, so that the rubber is uniformly heated, the working efficiency is improved, when the rubber meets the granulation conditions, the mercury in the rectangular stepped counter bore 411 of the stirring shaft 41 is heated to expand and push the piston rod 46 to extend rightwards, the hexagonal prism and the hexagonal pyramid at the right end of the piston rod 46 are clamped into the sinking groove 421 of the material pressing shaft 42, so that the stirring shaft 41 drives the material pressing shaft 42 to synchronously rotate, the spiral piece 47 on the material pressing shaft 42 pushes the softened rubber to the granulation disc 2, and the rubber passes through, because cutter 3 rotates along with pressure material axle 42, cutter 3 cuts the realization pelletization to the rubber that the granulation dish 2 right-hand member was extruded periodically, and rubber falls into on the play flitch 8 of drying cabinet 6 after being cut the pelletization, and draught fan 7 work is cooled down the rubber granule simultaneously, makes rubber granule solidification shaping, and the rubber granule after the cooling flows out through discharge gate 62 and realizes collecting. When heating coil 5 heats granulation section of thick bamboo 1, the water in 12 water storage chambeies in the heat preservation is heated and is produced steam, and steam passes through steam nozzle 15 blowout after the trachea transmission, and spun steam drives the impeller and rotates, and the impeller drives (mixing) shaft 41 and realizes rotating to the consumption of energy has been saved.
When the temperature in the granulation cylinder 1 is low, the included angle between the swinging plate 48 and the horizontal plane is small, the swinging plate 48 stirs the rubber in the granulation cylinder 1 along with the material pushing plate 43, and the heating of the rubber is accelerated; when the temperature is higher, mercury in the air cylinder 49 is heated to expand, so that the angle between the oscillating plate 48 and the horizontal plane is increased, the rubber can be better pushed to the right side by the pushing plate 43, and the pushing effect is improved.
On the rubber granule after cutter 3 cutting fell to play flitch 8, because play flitch 8 slope is provided with the multilayer, the rubber granule has realized the dispersion of rubber granule and has collected on falling the dead lever 82 of each layer under the action of gravity, has improved refrigerated effect on the one hand, and on the other hand has also avoided mutual extrusion between the rubber granule to cause the deformation, influences the product quality. When water in the water tank 13 is supplemented to the water storage chamber 121 of the heat preservation layer 12 through the suction pump 14, water firstly enters the water hole 821 of the fixing rod 82, the residual heat through the rubber particles makes water warm up, then water flows out from the water hole two 811 of the connecting rod 81, the water storage chamber 121 is supplemented through the water pipe, on the one hand, the cooling of the rubber particles is accelerated, on the other hand, the temperature of the water in the water storage chamber 121 is also improved, the energy is saved, the steam quantity is guaranteed, and therefore the smooth proceeding of the work is achieved.
When the rubber after smashing in the feeder hopper 11 falls into the granulation section of thick bamboo 1 through the feed inlet, rubber falls on trembling flitch 9, the messenger trembles flitch 9 and takes place the shake, can not appear piling up when making rubber fall into the granulation section of thick bamboo 1 on the one hand, on the other hand trembles flitch 9 and makes elasticity gasbag 10 produce compressed air when shaking, compressed air passes through steam nozzle 15 blowout, promote the impeller and rotate, thereby realized that (mixing) shaft 41 just can realize rotating in the feeding stage, the effect that rubber was heated has been improved.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Industrial applicability
According to the invention, the natural rubber granulation process is based on the dispersibility characteristics of latex, and directly performs granulation by adding the coagulant, so that the production process is simplified, the use of equipment and the generation of intermediate products are reduced, and the process is obviously optimized, thereby being useful in the rubber production field.
Claims (1)
1. A granulation process of natural rubber is characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the collected latex into a stirrer, uniformly mixing, arranging a filter disc below the stirrer, wherein the aperture of the filter disc is 40 meshes, and removing impurities;
s2: s1, conveying the latex subjected to impurity removal to a curing box through a conveyor belt, adding ammonia water and an aluminum sulfate solution, uniformly stirring, and condensing to a curing state for 3 hours;
s3: after the latex in the S2 is cured, the latex falls into a conveyor belt from the bottom of a curing box and is conveyed to a spray room for leaching;
s4: after the latex is leached by S3, the latex passes through a spray room along with a conveyor belt and moves to a drying box for drying;
s5: drying the latex by S4, and conveying the latex to a granulator through a conveyor belt for granulation;
s6: s5, after granulation is finished, bagging is carried out through a bagging machine arranged at a discharge port of the granulator, and the granulation process is finished;
the granulator in S5 comprises a granulation barrel (1), a granulation disc (2), a cutter (3), a material pushing unit (4), a heating coil (5), a drying box (6), an induced draft fan (7) and a discharging plate (8), wherein the granulation barrel (1) is divided into a left part and a right part, the right part is of a cylindrical structure, the left part is of a prismatic table structure, the end face of the prismatic table structure, which is in contact with the cylindrical structure, is circular, a cavity communicating the cylindrical structure with the prismatic table structure is formed in the granulation barrel (1) in an equal wall thickness manner, the right end of the cavity extends to the right end face of the granulation barrel (1), a feeding hole is formed in the prismatic table structure of the granulation barrel (1), the feeding hole is communicated with the cavity, and a feeding hopper (11); the granulating disc (2) is fixed on the right end face of the granulating barrel (1), granulating holes (21) are horizontally formed in the granulating disc (2), and rubber in the granulating barrel (1) is granulated after passing through the granulating disc (2); the material pushing unit (4) is positioned in the granulating barrel (1), and the material pushing unit (4) is used for uniformly heating the rubber in the granulating barrel (1) and pressing the rubber into the granulating disc (2) to complete granulation; the cutter (3) is positioned on the right side of the granulating disc (2), the cutter (3) is in contact with the right end face of the granulating disc (2), and the cutter (3) is driven to rotate by the material pushing unit (4); the heating coil (5) is arranged inside the side wall of the granulation cylinder (1), and the heating coil (5) is used for heating rubber inside the granulation cylinder (1); the drying box (6) is positioned at the right end of the granulation barrel (1), a discharging plate (8) which is inclined downwards is arranged below the granulation disc (2) of the drying box (6), a discharging hole (62) is formed in the side wall of the drying box (6) at the lowest position of the discharging plate (8), and a gas outlet (61) is formed in the bottom of the drying box (6); the induced draft fan (7) is installed at the top of the drying box (6), and the induced draft fan (7) is used for cooling the rubber particles on the discharging plate (8) to ensure the granulation quality; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the material pushing unit (4) comprises a stirring shaft (41), a material pressing shaft (42), a material pushing plate (43), a guide rod (44) and a driving device (45), the left end of the stirring shaft (41) is rotatably installed on the left side wall of the granulation cylinder (1), the left end of the stirring shaft (41) penetrates through the granulation cylinder (1) to extend outwards, the stirring shaft (41) is located in a prismatic table structure of the granulation cylinder (1), a bidirectional spiral groove is formed in the circumferential surface of the stirring shaft (41), a rectangular stepped counter bore (411) is formed in the right end face of the stirring shaft (41) along the axial direction, and a piston rod (46) is arranged in the rectangular stepped counter bore (411) of the stirring shaft (41); the section of the piston rod (46) is rectangular, the stirring shaft (41) extends out of the right end of the piston rod (46), the right end of the piston rod (46) is horizontally provided with a hexagonal prism, the right end face of the hexagonal prism is horizontally provided with a hexagonal pyramid, and mercury is stored at the bottom of the rectangular stepped counter bore (411); the granulating device is characterized in that the right end of the pressing shaft (42) is rotatably mounted on the granulating disc (2), the right end of the pressing shaft (42) penetrates through the granulating disc (2) and extends outwards, the cutter (3) is mounted at the right end of the pressing shaft (42), the pressing shaft (42) is located in a cylindrical structure of the granulating barrel (1), the pressing shaft (42) and the stirring shaft (41) are coaxially and horizontally arranged, a spiral sheet (47) is arranged on the surface of the pressing shaft (42), the highest point of the spiral sheet (47) is in contact with the inner wall of the granulating barrel (1), a sinking groove (421) is formed in the position, corresponding to the piston rod (46), of the pressing shaft (42), and the sinking groove (421) is used for clamping a hexagonal prism and a hexagonal pyramid of the piston rod (46) in the sinking groove (421); a through hole is horizontally formed in the middle of the material pushing plate (43) along the axis direction, the stirring shaft (41) penetrates through the through hole of the material pushing plate (43), a sliding pin is arranged in the through hole and is positioned in the bidirectional spiral groove of the stirring shaft (41), a tapered hole (431) penetrating through the left end surface and the right end surface is formed in the material pushing plate (43), and the left end opening of the tapered hole (431) is larger than the right end opening; the guide rod (44) is horizontally fixed in the granulating barrel (1), a guide hole for the guide rod (44) to pass through is formed in the material pushing plate (43), and the guide rod (44) passes through the guide hole of the material pushing plate (43) to guide the material pushing plate (43); the driving device (45) is positioned outside the granulating barrel (1), the driving device (45) is installed at the left end of the stirring shaft (41), and the driving device (45) is used for realizing the rotation of the stirring shaft (41);
the granulation device is characterized in that a heat insulation layer (12), a water tank (13) and a water suction pump (14) are arranged on the outer surface of the granulation barrel (1), a water storage cavity (121) is arranged in the heat insulation layer (12), liquid water is stored in the water storage cavity (121), a water inlet is formed in the heat insulation layer (12) and communicated with the water storage cavity (121), a steam spray nozzle (15) is arranged on the left end face of the granulation barrel (1), the water storage cavity (121) of the heat insulation layer (12) is connected with the steam spray nozzle (15) through an air pipe, the water inlet of the water storage cavity (121) is connected with the water tank (13) and the water suction pump (14) through a water pipe, and the water suction pump (14) is used for; the driving device (45) is an impeller, the steam nozzle (15) is positioned at one side of the impeller, and the steam nozzle (15) is used for spraying steam to the impeller to drive the impeller to rotate;
the end face of the material pushing plate (43) is provided with a swinging plate (48) and an air cylinder (49), and one end of the swinging plate (48) is hinged to the end face of the material pushing plate (43); one end of the air cylinder (49) is hinged to the end face of the material pushing plate (43), the other end of the air cylinder (49) is hinged to the middle of the oscillating plate (48), mercury is stored in the air cylinder (49), the oscillating plate (48) is connected with the left end face of the granulating barrel (1) through a first spring, and the first spring is in a compressed state;
the discharging plates (8) comprise connecting rods (81) and fixing rods (82), the discharging plates (8) are arranged into at least two layers from left to right, the discharging plates (8) are all arranged in a manner that the right sides are inclined downwards, the discharging plates (8) on the right sides are lower than the highest point of the adjacent discharging plates (8) on the left sides and higher than the lowest point of the adjacent discharging plates (8) on the left sides, gaps between the adjacent discharging plates (8) are gradually increased along the inclined downwards direction, the discharging plates (8) are all in contact with the right side wall of the drying box (6), the drying box (6) is provided with discharging holes (62) on the right side wall at positions corresponding to the discharging plates (8), and each layer of discharging plates (8) corresponds to one discharging hole (62); the connecting rod (81) is horizontally arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the drying box (6), the upper ends of the fixing rods (82) are fixed on the connecting rod (81), the fixing rods (82) are located on the right side of the connecting rod (81), the fixing rods (82) are arranged on the connecting rod (81) at equal intervals along the length direction of the connecting rod (81), and the interval between every two adjacent fixing rods (82) is smaller than the particle size of rubber particles;
a first water through hole (821) is formed in the center of the fixing rod (82) along the axial direction of the fixing rod (82), a second water through hole (811) is formed in the center of the connecting rod (81) along the length direction of the connecting rod (81), one end of the first water through hole (821) extends towards the connecting rod (81) to be communicated with the second water through hole (811), and one end of the second water through hole (811) extends to the end of the connecting rod (81); the water suction pump (14) is communicated with the first water through hole (821) through a water pipe, and the second water through hole (811) is connected with a water inlet of the water storage cavity (121) through a water pipe;
a material shaking plate (9) is arranged below the feeding hole of the granulation cylinder (1); the upper end of the material shaking plate (9) is hinged to the side wall of the granulation cylinder (1), and a second spring and an air bag (10) are arranged between the middle position of the material shaking plate (9) and the side wall of the granulation cylinder (1); one end of the second spring is connected with the material shaking plate (9), and the other end of the second spring is connected with the side wall of the granulation cylinder (1); the air bag (10) is an elastic air bag (10), an air outlet of the air bag (10) is connected with the steam nozzle (15) through an air pipe, and a one-way valve is arranged at the position of the air outlet of the air bag (10).
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| CN109774045B (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2020-11-20 | 山东恒宝绝热材料有限公司 | Preparation device of colored rubber and plastic heat-insulating material |
| CN110435038B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-07-28 | 东莞市三润塑胶科技有限公司 | Plastic granulation post-treatment process |
| CN112871077A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-06-01 | 池州天赐高新材料有限公司 | Process for granulating 3,3 '-dichloro-4, 4' -diaminodiphenylmethane in small granules |
| CN113815148B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-04-25 | 广东维钠智能密炼机械科技有限公司 | Natural rubber processing technology |
| CN115558174A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-01-03 | 东莞市泰好新材料科技有限公司 | Modified rubber and granulation process thereof |
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