WO2019039245A1 - オペアンプ - Google Patents
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- WO2019039245A1 WO2019039245A1 PCT/JP2018/029357 JP2018029357W WO2019039245A1 WO 2019039245 A1 WO2019039245 A1 WO 2019039245A1 JP 2018029357 W JP2018029357 W JP 2018029357W WO 2019039245 A1 WO2019039245 A1 WO 2019039245A1
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- H03F3/45—Differential amplifiers
- H03F3/45071—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/45076—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier
- H03F3/4508—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier using bipolar transistors as the active amplifying circuit
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- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
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- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
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- H03F3/19—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
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- H03F3/45076—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier
- H03F3/4508—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier using bipolar transistors as the active amplifying circuit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
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- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
- H01L27/08—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind
- H01L27/082—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including bipolar components only
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Definitions
- the invention disclosed herein relates to an operational amplifier.
- Operational amplifiers are conventionally used in various fields.
- patent document 1 can be mentioned as an example of the prior art relevant to the above.
- the conventional operational amplifier has room for improvement in its noise characteristics.
- the conventional operational amplifier has room for improvement in its noise characteristics.
- the digitization and densification of component parts there is a growing demand for improvement in noise characteristics also for operational amplifiers.
- the invention disclosed in this specification aims at providing an operational amplifier with excellent noise characteristics in view of the above problems found by the inventors of the present application.
- the operational amplifier disclosed in the present specification is configured (first configuration) to have a transistor forming an input stage and an input resistor forming a filter with a parasitic capacitor associated with the transistor.
- the operational amplifier having the first or second configuration may be configured (third configuration) to further include a power supply resistor that forms a filter together with a parasitic capacitor attached to the power supply line.
- the semiconductor device disclosed in the present specification includes an operational amplifier having any of the first to third configurations, a reference current setting unit for setting a reference current of the operational amplifier, a power supply terminal, the operational amplifier, and A power supply line laid between the reference current setting unit, a ground line laid between the ground terminal and the operational amplifier and the reference current setting unit, and a laying between the operational amplifier and the reference current setting unit It is preferable to have a configuration (fourth configuration) including the reference current setting line.
- the semiconductor device having the fourth configuration further has a configuration (fifth configuration) further including a capacitor connected between the power supply line and the reference current setting line.
- the capacitor is a parasitic capacitor attached between the power supply line and the reference current setting line (sixth configuration).
- the power supply line and the reference current setting line are provided so as to be stacked such that parts of them overlap each other in a plan view of the semiconductor device It is good to set it as the 7th composition).
- the reference current setting line has a configuration (eighth configuration) in which a portion overlapping the power supply line is laid in a grid shape in plan view of the semiconductor device. Good.
- a transistor functioning as a reference current source of the operational amplifier is formed in a region surrounded by the reference current setting line laid in a lattice shape. It is preferable to have the configuration (the ninth configuration).
- the transistor is a combination of a plurality of unit transistors, and the period is surrounded by the reference current setting line laid in a lattice shape in plan view of the semiconductor device.
- the plurality of unit transistors may be formed in each of the plurality of regions (10th configuration).
- an area ratio of the power supply line occupying an area surrounded by the reference current setting line laid in a grid shape is 1/00. It is good to set it as the structure (11th structure) which is two or more.
- the reference current setting line is laid using a first wiring layer, and the power supply line is laid using a second wiring layer.
- the capacitor forms the first wiring layer and the second wiring layer as electrodes and the insulating layer sandwiched between the electrodes as a dielectric in a region where the power supply line and the reference current setting line overlap.
- the semiconductor device having any one of the fourth to twelfth configurations may have a configuration (a thirteenth configuration) having a shield member inserted between the power supply line and the other wirings and elements.
- the shield member may have the configuration (the fourteenth configuration) as the ground line.
- each of the ground line and the reference current setting line may have a configuration (fifteenth configuration) narrower than the power supply line.
- the widths of the ground line and the reference current setting line may each be equal to or less than half the width of the power supply line (a sixteenth configuration).
- the semiconductor device having any one of the fourth to sixteenth configurations may have a configuration (the seventeenth configuration) in which the operational amplifiers of a plurality of channels are integrated.
- the external terminals for the first channel are all provided on the first side of the package, and the external terminals for the second channel are all the second of the package.
- the configuration provided on the side is preferable.
- the electronic device disclosed in the present specification has a configuration (19th configuration) including a semiconductor device having any of the 4th to 18th configurations.
- the vehicle disclosed in the present specification is configured to have an electronic device having a nineteenth configuration (a twentieth configuration).
- Diagram for explaining the basic concept of noise characteristic improvement by impedance adjustment Figure showing how a low pass filter is formed inside the op amp using resistors A diagram showing a first embodiment of a semiconductor device Diagram showing one configuration example of an operational amplifier A diagram showing a second embodiment of the semiconductor device A diagram showing an exemplary configuration of a reference current setting unit Longitudinal section of pnp type bipolar transistor Longitudinal section of npn type bipolar transistor Diagram showing an example of wiring layout Diagram showing measurement circuit of DPI test Diagram showing measurement circuit of radio wave radiation test Figure showing an example of DPI test results Figure showing an example of radio wave radiation test Terminal layout showing a third embodiment of the semiconductor device Semiconductor device bonding diagram Plan view showing an example of wiring layout and pad arrangement Longitudinal sectional view showing an example of formation of a capacitor External view of the vehicle
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the basic concept of noise characteristic improvement of an operational amplifier by impedance adjustment.
- noise signals N0 input to the power supply terminal VCC and non-inverted input terminals IN + are mainly input as noise signals input from the outside to the operational amplifier 1 of this configuration example.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing how a low pass filter (so-called EMI [electro-magnetic interference] filter) is formed inside the operational amplifier 1 using the resistors R0 to R2.
- EMI electro-magnetic interference
- the resistor R 0 forms a low pass filter together with the parasitic capacitor C 0 attached to the power supply line of the operational amplifier 1.
- the resistors R1 and R2 form a low pass filter together with parasitic capacitors C1 and C2 associated with pnp bipolar transistors Q1 and Q2 forming the input stage of the operational amplifier 1, respectively.
- the parasitic capacitors C0 to C2 attached to the respective parts are used as components of the low pass filter.
- the resistance value R of each of the resistors R1 and R2 may be set based on the following equation (1) from the capacitance value C of each of the parasitic capacitors C1 and C2 and the target cutoff frequency fc of the low pass filter.
- R ⁇ 900 ⁇ may be set.
- the resistance value of the resistor R0 may also be basically set based on the equation (1). However, since the resistor R0 is inserted in the power supply line of the operational amplifier 1, it is necessary to pay attention to the setting of the resistance value so that the power supply voltage of the operational amplifier 1 does not fall below the drive lower limit voltage. If only a minimal resistance can be used as the resistance R0, a minimum necessary capacitor may be additionally added together with the parasitic capacitor C0.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a first embodiment of the semiconductor device.
- the semiconductor device 10 of the present embodiment is a monolithic semiconductor integrated circuit device called a so-called operational amplifier IC, and includes the operational amplifier 1, the reference current setting unit 2, the power supply line L1, the ground line L2, and the drive current setting line L3.
- An output line L4 and electrostatic protection diodes D1 and D2 are integrated.
- the semiconductor device 10 also has a plurality of external terminals (power supply terminal VCC, non-inverted input terminal IN +, inverted input terminal IN-, ground terminal VEE, and the like) as means for establishing electrical connection with the outside of the apparatus.
- An output terminal (OUT) is provided.
- the operational amplifier 1 includes the resistors R1 and R2 which form a low pass filter together with parasitic capacitors C1 and C2 (see FIG. 2) (not shown). More specifically, the noninverting input node (+) of the operational amplifier 1 is connected to the noninverting input terminal IN + of the semiconductor device 10 through the resistor R1. The inverting input node (-) of the operational amplifier 1 is connected to the inverting input terminal IN- of the semiconductor device 10 through the resistor R2. Note that, although an example in which the one-channel operational amplifier 1 is integrated in the semiconductor device 10 has been described in the drawing, the multiple-channel operational amplifiers 1 may be integrated.
- the reference current setting unit 2 sets a reference current Iref that flows inside the operational amplifier 1.
- the circuit configuration of the reference current setting unit 2 will be described later.
- the power supply line L1 is laid between the power supply terminal VCC of the semiconductor device 10 and the power supply node of each of the operational amplifier 1 and the reference current setting unit 2.
- the ground line L2 is laid between the ground terminal VEE of the semiconductor device 10 and the ground nodes of the operational amplifier 1 and the reference current setting unit 2.
- the reference current setting line L 3 is laid between the reference current setting node of the operational amplifier 1 and the output node of the reference current setting unit 2.
- the output line L4 is laid between the output node of the operational amplifier 1 and the output terminal OUT of the semiconductor device 10.
- the cathode of the electrostatic protection diode D1 is connected to the non-inversion input terminal IN + of the semiconductor device 10.
- the cathode of the electrostatic protection diode D 2 is connected to the inverting input terminal IN ⁇ of the semiconductor device 10.
- the anodes of the electrostatic protection diodes D1 and D2 are both connected to the ground terminal VEE of the semiconductor device 10.
- a bypass capacitor for example, 100 pF for stabilizing the power supply voltage is often inserted between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal.
- no bypass capacitor is connected between the power supply terminal VCC and the ground terminal VEE, and further, the power supply line L1 and the ground are connected.
- the parasitic capacitance associated with the line L2 is also reduced as much as possible (eg, 20 pF or less).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an exemplary configuration of the operational amplifier 1.
- the operational amplifier 1 of this configuration example includes, in addition to the pnp bipolar transistors Q1 and Q2 described above, pnp bipolar transistors Q3 to Q6, npn bipolar transistors Q7 to Q13, a resistor R3, a capacitor C3, and a current source. And I1 to I7.
- Each of the current sources I1 to I7 flows the reference current Iref (or a constant current corresponding thereto) set by the reference current setting unit 2.
- the first ends of the current sources I1 to I3 are all connected to the power supply terminal VCC.
- the second end of the current source I1 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2 and the base of the transistor Q3.
- the second end of the current source I2 is connected to the emitters of the transistors Q3 and Q4, respectively.
- the second end of the current source I3 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1 and the base of the transistor Q4.
- the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal IN + via a resistor R1 (see FIG. 2 or 3) not shown.
- the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the inverting input terminal IN- via a resistor R2 (see FIG. 2 or 3) not shown.
- the collectors of the transistors Q1 and Q2 are both connected to the ground terminal VEE.
- the collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q7.
- the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q8.
- the bases of the transistors Q7 and Q8 are both connected to the collector of the transistor Q7.
- the emitters of the transistors Q7 and Q8 are both connected to the ground terminal VEE.
- the current sources I1 to I3, the transistors Q1 to Q4, and the transistors Q7 and Q8 thus connected form the input stage or amplification stage of the operational amplifier 1.
- the first ends of the current sources I4 and I5 are both connected to the power supply terminal VCC.
- the second end of the current source I4 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q5 and the base of the transistor Q9.
- the second end of the current source I5 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q9.
- the base of the transistor Q5 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q8 and the first end of the capacitor C3.
- the second end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q10.
- the emitter of the transistor Q9 is connected to the base of the transistor Q10.
- the collector of the transistor Q5 and the emitter of the transistor Q10 are both connected to the ground terminal VEE.
- the first end of the current source I6 and the collectors of the transistors Q12 and Q13 are both connected to the power supply terminal VCC.
- the second end of the current source I6 is connected to the collectors of the transistors Q10 and Q11 and to the base of the transistor Q12.
- the emitter of the transistor Q12 is connected to the base of the transistor Q13.
- the emitter of the transistor Q13 is connected to the base of the transistor Q11 and the first end of the resistor R3.
- the emitters of the transistors Q6 and Q11, the second end of the resistor R3, and the first end of the current source I7 are all connected to the output terminal OUT.
- the base of the transistor Q6 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q10.
- the second end of the current source I7 and the collector of the transistor Q6 are both connected to the ground terminal VEE.
- the current sources I4 to I7, the transistors Q5 and Q6, the transistors Q9 to Q13, the capacitor C3 and the resistor R3 thus connected form the output stage of the operational amplifier 1.
- circuit configuration of this figure is merely an example, and any circuit configuration may be adopted as long as a desired operation can be realized as the operational amplifier 1.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing a second embodiment of the semiconductor device 10.
- the semiconductor device 10 according to this embodiment further includes a capacitor C4 connected between the power supply line L1 and the reference current setting line L3 based on the first embodiment (FIG. 3).
- FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of the configuration of the reference current setting unit 2.
- the reference current setting unit 2 of this configuration example includes a pnp bipolar transistor Q14 and an npn bipolar transistor Q16.
- the operational amplifier 1 includes a pnp type bipolar transistor Q15.
- the emitters of the transistors Q14 and Q15 are both connected to the power supply terminal VCC.
- the bases of the transistors Q14 and Q15 are both connected to the collector of the transistor Q14.
- the transistors Q14 and Q15 function as a current mirror that generates the collector current of the transistor Q15 by copying the collector current of the transistor Q14 at a predetermined mirror ratio (for example, 10 times).
- the collector current of the transistor Q15 is supplied as the reference current Iref of the operational amplifier 1 to the above-described current sources I1 to I7 (see FIG. 4). That is, transistor Q15 depicted as if it were a single element in this figure is actually a combination of a plurality of unit transistors, and a current mirror formed using each unit transistor Functions as current sources I1 to I7.
- the collector of the transistor Q14 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q16.
- the emitter of the transistor Q16 is connected to the ground terminal VEE.
- a predetermined bias voltage Vb is applied to the base of the transistor Q16.
- the capacitor C4 is connected between the power supply line L1 and the reference current setting line L3. Therefore, even if noise is input to the power supply terminal VCC, the power supply line L1 and the reference current line L3 can be similarly oscillated, so that the base-emitter voltage of the transistor Q14 can be maintained at a constant value. .
- a parasitic capacitor Cx is attached between the low concentration n-type semiconductor region N ⁇ and the epitaxial growth layer EPI. The same applies to the transistor Q15.
- a parasitic capacitor Cz is attached between the reference current setting line L3 and the ground line L2.
- Cx 550 fF
- Cy 700 fF
- Cz 50 fF
- FIG. 9 is a plan view schematically showing an example of a wiring layout in the semiconductor device 10 of the second embodiment.
- the reference current setting line L3 (width w3) laid on the lower side is transparently depicted by a broken line.
- the power supply line L1 and the reference current setting line L3 are laid in layers so that parts of each overlap each other in a plan view of the semiconductor device 10. More specifically, the reference current setting line L3 is not laid along the shortest path between the operational amplifier 1 and the reference current setting unit 2 (in the figure, a path orthogonal to the power supply line L1), It is laid in the route diverted to run parallel. Furthermore, by laying so that the center of the reference current setting line L3 and the center of the power supply line L1 overlap, the generation of noise can be further reduced.
- the dielectric constant ⁇ r and the film thickness d, and the area S where the power supply line L1 and the reference current setting line L3 overlap with each other are calculated based on the following equation (3).
- the inter-wiring distance dx between the power supply line L1 and the ground line L2 it is desirable to design the inter-wiring distance dx between the power supply line L1 and the ground line L2 to a sufficiently large value (for example, 10 ⁇ m).
- the wiring distance dx it is preferable that the wiring distance dx be larger than the width w2 of the ground line L2.
- the ground line L2 may be disposed at the center of the wiring 3 and the power supply line L1, but the ground line L2 may be shifted toward the wiring 3.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 are diagrams showing measurement circuits of DPI (direct power injection) test and radio wave emission test, respectively, in which the semiconductor device 10 is a DUT (device under test).
- the power supply terminal VCC of the semiconductor device 10 is connected to the output node of the bias tee 104 via a coaxial cable (impedance: 50 ⁇ ) with an SMA [sub-miniature type A] connector.
- the non-inverting input terminal IN + of the semiconductor device 10 is connected to the output node of the DC power supply 106 via a coaxial cable (impedance: 50 ⁇ ) with an SMA connector.
- the inverting input terminal IN ⁇ and the output terminal OUT of the semiconductor device 10 are shorted.
- a noise signal having a predetermined intensity (for example, 17 dBM) is directly injected into the power supply terminal VCC of the semiconductor device 10.
- a plot of frequency vs output voltage can be obtained by sequentially reading the output voltage appearing at the output terminal OUT of the semiconductor device 10 while sweeping the frequency of the noise signal in a predetermined range (for example, 1 MHz to 1 GHz). .
- the antenna 203, the pseudo power supply 204, the wire harness 250, and the semiconductor device 10 to be the DUT are all disposed in the anechoic chamber 207.
- a noise signal having a predetermined electric field strength (for example, 200 V / m) is radiated from the antenna 203 toward the noise injection point of the wire harness 205.
- the total length of the wire harness 205 is 150 cm, and the distance from the noise injection point to the semiconductor device 10 is 75 cm.
- the distance from the antenna 203 to the noise injection point is 100 cm.
- a noise signal is indirectly injected into the power supply terminal VCC of the semiconductor device 10.
- a plot of frequency vs output voltage can be obtained by sequentially reading the output voltage appearing at the output terminal OUT of the semiconductor device 10 while sweeping the frequency of the noise signal in a predetermined range (for example, 200 MHz to 1 GHz). .
- FIGS. 12 and 13 are diagrams showing an example of the DPI test result and the radio wave emission test result, respectively.
- the horizontal axis (logarithmic axis) of each drawing indicates the frequency of the noise signal, and the vertical axis of each drawing indicates the output voltage of the semiconductor device 10.
- the test conditions in FIG. 12 are noise applied level: 17 dBm and frequency: 100 MHz to 1 GHz.
- the test conditions in FIG. 13 are: measurement circuit: voltage follower, Vcc: 12 V, Vin: 6 V, temperature: room temperature, test method: displacement method (traveling wave power), electric field strength: 200 V / m, test wave: CW ( Continuous wave and frequency: 200 MHz to 1 GHz (2% step).
- the semiconductor device 10 of the second embodiment in any of the tests, no peak exceeding ⁇ 5% appears over the entire sweep range of the frequency.
- the semiconductor device 10 of the second embodiment has very excellent noise characteristics, and the output fluctuation is extremely small even if noise is input. Therefore, since measures against noise in the set on which the semiconductor device 10 is mounted can be simplified, the usability is extremely improved.
- FIG. 14 is a terminal layout diagram showing a third embodiment of the semiconductor device.
- SOP Small Outline Package
- SSOP Small Outline Package
- MSOP Micro SOP
- Pin 1 is the output terminal OUT1 of the first channel, and is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier 1a.
- Pin 2 is the inverting input terminal IN1- of the first channel, and is connected to the inverting input terminal (-) of the operational amplifier 1a.
- Pin 3 is the noninverting input terminal IN1 + of the first channel, and is connected to the noninverting input terminal (+) of the operational amplifier 1a.
- Pin 4 is a ground terminal VEE.
- Pin 5 is the non-inverting input terminal IN2 + of the second channel and is connected to the non-inverting input terminal (+) of the operational amplifier 1b.
- Pin 6 is the inverting input terminal IN2- of the second channel, and is connected to the inverting input terminal (-) of the operational amplifier 1b.
- Pin 7 is the output terminal OUT2 of the second channel, and is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier 1b.
- Pin 8 is a power supply terminal VCC.
- the external terminals (pins 1 to 3) for the first channel are all provided on the first side of the package, and the external terminals (pins 5 to 7) for the second channel are all provided. It is provided on the second side of the package.
- FIG. 15 is a bonding diagram inside the package of the semiconductor device 10.
- the semiconductor chip 300 in which the operational amplifiers 1a and 1b and the like are integrated is sealed by a mold resin 320 in a state of being mounted on the island 310.
- the top, bottom, left, and right directions in the drawing are defined as the top, bottom, left, and right directions in plan view of the semiconductor device 10 (or the semiconductor chip 300).
- the semiconductor chip 10 has eight pads P1 to P8.
- the pad P1 is a pad corresponding to the output end of the operational amplifier 1a, and is connected to the tip side of the 1st pin (OUT1) through the wire W1.
- the pad P2 is a pad corresponding to the inverting input terminal (-) of the operational amplifier 1a, and is connected to the two pins (IN1-) via the wire W2.
- the pad P3 is a pad corresponding to the non-inverting input terminal (+) of the operational amplifier 1a, and is connected to the three pins (IN1 +) via the wire W3.
- the pad P4 is a ground pad, and is connected to the tip of the 4-pin (VEE) via the wire W4.
- the pad P5 is a pad corresponding to the non-inverting input terminal (+) of the operational amplifier 1b, and is connected to the five pins (IN2 +) via the wire W5.
- the pad P6 is a pad corresponding to the inverting input terminal (-) of the operational amplifier 1b, and is connected to the six pins (IN2-) through the wire W6.
- the pad P7 is a pad corresponding to the output end of the operational amplifier 1b, and is connected to the tip end side of the 7th pin (OUT7) through the wire W7.
- the pad P8 is a power supply pad, and is connected to the tip of the 8-pin (VCC) via the wire W8.
- the pads P1 to P8 are arranged along the outer edge of the semiconductor chip 300 in the order corresponding to the 1st to 8th pins. Therefore, the wires W1 to W8 connecting between each pad and each pin can be laid at the shortest distance.
- pin 1 (OUT1), pin 4 (VEE), pin 5 (IN2 +), and pin 8 (VCC) are all pin 2 (IN-) and pin 3 (pin Larger than IN1 +), 6 pins (IN2-), and 7 pins (OUT2).
- the 1-pin (OUT1) and the 4-pin (VEE) have portions projecting more than the 2-pin (IN1-) and the 3-pin (IN1 +).
- the 5-pin (IN2 +) and 8-pin (VCC) have portions that project more than the 6-pin (IN2-) and the 7-pin (OUT2).
- support frames 330 and 340 supporting the island 310 are formed between the 1 pin (OUT) and the 8 pin (VCC) and between the 4 pin (VEE) and the 5 pin (IN2 +), respectively. ing.
- FIG. 16 is a plan view showing an example of the wiring layout and pad arrangement on the semiconductor chip 300 (around the operational amplifier 1a). .
- the reference current setting line L3 (width w3) laid under the layer) is transparently depicted by a broken line.
- top, bottom, left, and right directions of the paper are defined as the top, bottom, left, and right directions in a plan view of the semiconductor chip 300, and the wiring layout and the pad arrangement will be described with reference to FIGS. Do.
- pads P1 to P4 and P8 are depicted in the figure.
- the positions where the pads P1 to P4 and P8 are provided correspond to the positions shown in FIG. 15 described above.
- the pads P1 to P3 are arranged in the order of the pad P1, the pad P2 and the pad P3 from the left side to the right side of the paper surface in the plan view of the semiconductor chip 300, respectively.
- the pad P1 is provided in the vicinity of the upper right corner of the semiconductor chip 300.
- the pad P2 is provided slightly to the left from the center in the left-right direction near the upper side of the semiconductor chip 300.
- the pad P3 is provided in the vicinity of the upper left corner of the semiconductor chip 300.
- the pad P1 is the farthest from the upper side of the semiconductor chip 300
- the pad P3 is the closest to the upper side of the semiconductor chip 300. That is, assuming that the distance between the pad P1 and the upper side of the semiconductor chip 300 is d1x, the distance between the pad P2 and the upper side of the semiconductor chip 300 is d2, and the distance between the pad P3 and the upper side of the semiconductor chip 300 is d3x d2> d3x holds.
- the distance d1y between the pad P1 and the right side of the semiconductor chip 300 is longer than the distance d3y between the pad P3 and the left side of the semiconductor chip 300 (d1y> d3y).
- the distance d12 between the pad P1 and the pad P2 is longer than the distance d23 between the pad P2 and the pad P3 (d12> d23).
- the pad P4 is provided substantially at the center in the vertical direction near the left side of the semiconductor chip 300 in plan view of the semiconductor chip 300.
- the distance d4 between the pad P4 and the left side of the semiconductor chip 300 is substantially the same as the distance d3y between the pad P3 and the left side of the semiconductor chip 300 (d4 ⁇ d3y).
- the pad P8 is provided substantially at the center in the vertical direction near the right side of the semiconductor chip 300 in plan view of the semiconductor chip 300.
- the distance d8 between the pad P8 and the right side of the semiconductor chip 300 is shorter than the distance d1y between the pad P1 and the right side of the semiconductor chip 300 (d8 ⁇ d1y).
- the pads P1 to P3 are all arranged in the formation region of the operational amplifier 1a.
- the pad P4 is disposed in the formation region of the reference current generation unit 2.
- the power supply line L1 is laid from the pad P8 (VCC) to the emitters of the transistors Q14 and Q15 and each part of the operational amplifier 1a (for example, the power transistor POW). Specifically, the power supply line L1 first extends from the pad P8 toward the upper side of the semiconductor chip 300, and further branches into a first path L1a toward the upper side of the semiconductor chip 300 and a second path L1b toward the left side. A tapered portion L1x is formed at the upper left corner of the branch point between the first path L1a and the second path L1b. In the vicinity of the pad P8 (VCC), the electrostatic protection element ESD is formed.
- the first path L1a bends toward the right side of the semiconductor chip 300 after being branched to the second path L1b.
- the second path L1b is a third path L1c that changes the course toward the lower side of the semiconductor chip 300 toward the emitter of the transistor Q14, and the emitter of the transistor Q15 as it is.
- a branch is made to a fourth path L1d extending toward the left side.
- the fourth path L1d is formed in a comb shape in the formation region of the transistor Q15.
- the transistor Q15 is a combination of a plurality of unit transistors, and the current mirror formed by using each unit transistor functions as the current sources I1 to I7 (see FIG. 4 described above).
- the ground line L2 is laid from the pad P4 (VEE) toward each part of the semiconductor chip 300. Specifically, after extending from the pad P4 to the upper side of the semiconductor chip 300, the path is changed in the direction of the right side of the semiconductor chip 300 before reaching the pad P3, and between the power supply line L1 and the pads P1 to P3. Through the region between the two, and through several turns to reach the vicinity of the right side of the semiconductor chip 300.
- the reference current setting line L3 is laid between the bases of the transistors Q14 and Q15 arranged in the vertical direction of the semiconductor chip 300. More specifically, reference current setting line L3 is bypassed so as to partially run parallel to power supply line L1 (fourth path L1d), not just the shortest path connecting the bases of transistors 14 and Q15. Are laid along the route. Further, the center of the reference current setting line L3 and the center of the power supply line L1 (fourth path L1d) are laid so as to overlap with each other.
- the power supply line L1 and the reference current setting line L3 are laid in layers so that parts of the power supply line L1 and the reference current setting line L3 overlap with each other in plan view of the semiconductor chip 300 (see, for example, the region ⁇ ). Therefore, it is possible to use a parasitic capacitor attached between the power supply line L1 and the reference current setting line L3 as the aforementioned capacitor C4.
- a portion overlapping the power supply line L1 is laid in a grid shape. According to such a wiring layout, it is possible to increase the overlapping area of the power supply line L1 and the reference current setting line L3.
- a plurality of unit transistors forming the transistor Q15 may be disposed in a plurality of regions ⁇ surrounded by the reference current setting line L3 in the lattice-like portion of the reference current setting line L3.
- the area ratio of the power supply line L1 occupied in each of the plurality of regions ⁇ be 1/2 or more.
- a shield member for preventing electromagnetic interference between them is provided. Is desirable.
- FIG. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of formation of the capacitor C4 in the region ⁇ .
- the p-type semiconductor substrate (P-sub) the n-type buried layer (B / L), the n-type epitaxial growth layer (EPI), and the p-type well in this order from the lower layer.
- P / W high concentration p-type semiconductor region
- P + high concentration p-type semiconductor region
- P + high concentration p-type semiconductor region
- ISO insulating layer
- TOP METAL top metal layer
- the power supply line L1 is laid using a top metal layer (TOP METAL), and the reference current setting line L3 is laid using a first metal layer (1st METAL). Therefore, in the region ⁇ where the power supply line L1 and the reference current setting line L3 overlap in the vertical direction, the insulating layer sandwiched between these metal layers with the top metal layer (TOP METAL) and the first metal layer (1st METAL) as electrodes.
- a capacitor C4 whose dielectric is (ISO) is formed.
- FIG. 18 is an external view showing a configuration example of the vehicle X. As shown in FIG. The vehicle X of this configuration example is mounted with various electronic devices X11 to X18 which operate by receiving supply of a power supply voltage from a battery. The mounting positions of the electronic devices X11 to X18 in this figure may differ from the actual ones for convenience of illustration.
- the electronic device X11 is an engine control unit that performs control related to the engine (injection control, electronic throttle control, idling control, oxygen sensor heater control, auto cruise control, etc.).
- the electronic device X12 is a lamp control unit that performs on / off control such as HID [high intensity discharged lamp] or DRL [daytime running lamp].
- the electronic device X13 is a transmission control unit that performs control related to the transmission.
- the electronic device X14 is a braking unit that performs control related to movement of the vehicle X (ABS (anti-lock brake system) control, EPS (electric power steering) control, electronic suspension control, and the like).
- ABS anti-lock brake system
- EPS electric power steering
- electronic suspension control and the like.
- the electronic device X15 is a security control unit that performs drive control of a door lock, a security alarm, and the like.
- the electronic device X16 is an electronic device incorporated in the vehicle X at the factory shipment stage as a standard accessory or a manufacturer option such as a wiper, an electric door mirror, a power window, a damper (shock absorber), an electric sunroof, and an electric seat. It is.
- the electronic device X17 is an electronic device optionally mounted on the vehicle X as a user option item such as an on-board A / V [audio / visual] apparatus, a car navigation system, and an ETC [electronic toll collection system].
- the electronic device X18 is an electronic device equipped with a high voltage system motor such as a vehicle blower, an oil pump, a water pump, and a battery cooling fan.
- a high voltage system motor such as a vehicle blower, an oil pump, a water pump, and a battery cooling fan.
- the operational amplifier used for in-vehicle devices is taken as an example, but the application target is not limited to this, and it is widely applied to general applications regardless of applications such as home appliances and industrial devices. It is possible.
- the operational amplifier disclosed in the present specification can be used, for example, in in-vehicle devices, home appliances, or industrial devices.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、インピーダンス調整によるオペアンプのノイズ特性改善について、その基本概念を説明するための図である。
図3は、半導体装置の第1実施形態を示す図である。本実施形態の半導体装置10は、いわゆるオペアンプICと呼ばれるモノリシック半導体集積回路装置であり、オペアンプ1と、基準電流設定部2と、電源ラインL1と、接地ラインL2と、駆動電流設定ラインL3と、出力ラインL4と、静電保護ダイオードD1及びD2と、を集積化して成る。
図5は、半導体装置10の第2実施形態を示す図である。本実施形態の半導体装置10は、先の第1実施形態(図3)をベースとしつつ、電源ラインL1と基準電流設定ラインL3との間に接続されたコンデンサC4をさらに有する。
図9は、第2実施形態の半導体装置10における配線レイアウトの一例を模式的に示す平面図である。なお、本図では、第2配線層に敷設された電源ラインL1(幅w1)と接地ラインL2(幅w2)が実線で描写されており、第1配線層(=第2配線層の直下)に敷設された基準電流設定ラインL3(幅w3)が破線で透過的に描写されている。また、それぞれの幅w1~w3について述べると、基準電流設定ラインL3の幅w3は、電源ラインL1の幅w1の半分以下に設計することが好ましく、例えば、w1=20μm、w2=5μm、w3=5μmとすればよい。
図10及び図11は、それぞれ、半導体装置10をDUT[device under test]とするDPI[direct power injection]試験及び電波放射試験の測定回路を示す図である。
図14は、半導体装置の第3実施形態を示す端子配置図である。本実施形態の半導体装置10は、2チャンネルのオペアンプ1a及び1b(=それぞれ、先出のオペアンプ1に相当)を集積化して成る。なお、図示の便宜上、オペアンプ1a及び1b以外の構成要素については、その描写が省略されている。
図18は、車両Xの一構成例を示す外観図である。本構成例の車両Xは、バッテリから電源電圧の供給を受けて動作する種々の電子機器X11~X18を搭載している。なお、本図における電子機器X11~X18の搭載位置については、図示の便宜上、実際とは異なる場合がある。
なお、上記の実施形態では、車載機器に用いられるオペアンプを例に挙げたが、その適用対象は何らこれに限定されるものではなく、家電機器や産業機器など、アプリケーションを問わず、広く一般に適用することが可能である。
2 基準電流設定部
3 配線
4 素子
10 半導体装置(オペアンプIC)
100 測定回路(DPI試験)
101 信号発生器
102 増幅器
103 減衰器
104 バイアスティー
105 バッテリ
106 直流電源
107 オシロスコープ
200 測定回路(電波放射試験)
201 信号発生器
202 増幅器
203 アンテナ
204 疑似電源
205 ワイヤーハーネス
206 オシロスコープ
207 電波暗室
300 半導体チップ
310 アイランド
320 モールド樹脂
330、340 支持フレーム
C0、C1、C2、Cx、Cy、Cz 寄生コンデンサ
C3 コンデンサ
C4 コンデンサ(寄生コンデンサ)
D1、D2 静電保護ダイオード
ESD 静電保護素子
I1~I7 電流源
L1 電源ライン
L1a 第1経路
L1b 第2経路
L1c 第3経路
L1d 第4経路
L1x テーパ部
L2 接地ライン
L3 基準電流設定ライン
L4 出力ライン
P1~P8 パッド
POW パワートランジスタ
Q1~Q6、Q14、Q15 pnp型バイポーラトランジスタ
Q7~Q13、Q16 npn型バイポーラトランジスタ
R0 抵抗(電源抵抗)
R1、R2 抵抗(入力抵抗)
R3 抵抗
W1~W8 ワイヤ
X 車両
X11~X18 電子機器
α、β 領域
Claims (20)
- 入力段を形成するトランジスタと、
前記トランジスタに付随する寄生コンデンサと共にフィルタを形成する入力抵抗と、
を有することを特徴とするオペアンプ。 - 前記入力抵抗の抵抗値Rは、前記寄生コンデンサの容量値Cと前記フィルタの目標カットオフ周波数fcから、R=1/(2π・fc・C)に設定されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のオペアンプ。
- 電源ラインに付随する寄生コンデンサと共にフィルタを形成する電源抵抗をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載のオペアンプ。
- 請求項1~請求項3のいずれか一項に記載のオペアンプと、
前記オペアンプの基準電流を設定する基準電流設定部と、
電源端子と前記オペアンプ及び前記基準電流設定部との間に敷設された電源ラインと、
接地端子と前記オペアンプ及び前記基準電流設定部との間に敷設された接地ラインと、
前記オペアンプと前記基準電流設定部との間に敷設された基準電流設定ラインと、
を有することを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 前記電源ラインと前記基準電流設定ラインとの間に接続されたコンデンサをさらに有することを請求項4に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記コンデンサは、前記電源ラインと前記基準電流設定ラインとの間に付随する寄生コンデンサであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記電源ラインと前記基準電流設定ラインは、前記半導体装置の平面視において、それぞれの一部同士が互いに重なり合うように積層して敷設されていることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記基準電流設定ラインは、前記半導体装置の平面視において、前記電源ラインと重なり合う部分が格子状に敷設されていることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体装置の平面視において、格子状に敷設された前記基準電流設定ラインに周囲を取り囲まれた領域には、前記オペアンプの基準電流源として機能するトランジスタが形成されていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記トランジスタは、複数の単位トランジスタを組み合わせたものであり、
前記半導体装置の平面視において、格子状に敷設された前記基準電流設定ラインに周期を取り囲まれた複数の領域には、それぞれ、前記複数の単位トランジスタが形成されていることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体装置の平面視において、格子状に敷設された前記基準電流設定ラインに周囲を取り囲まれた領域に占める前記電源ラインの面積比率は、1/2以上であることを特徴とする請求項8~請求項10のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記基準電流設定ラインは、第1配線層を用いて敷設されており、
前記電源ラインは、第2配線層を用いて敷設されており、
前記コンデンサは、前記電源ラインと前記基準電流設定ラインが重なる領域で、前記第1配線層及び前記第2配線層を電極とし、これらの電極に挟まれた絶縁層を誘電体として形成されることを特徴とする請求項6~請求項11のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記電源ラインとその他の配線及び素子との間に挿入されたシールド部材を有することを特徴とする請求項4~請求項12のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記シールド部材は、前記接地ラインであることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記接地ライン及び前記基準電流設定ラインは、それぞれ、前記電源ラインよりも幅狭であることを特徴とする請求項4~請求項14のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記接地ライン及び前記基準電流設定ラインそれぞれの幅は、前記電源ラインの幅の半分以下であることを特徴とする請求項15に記載の半導体装置。
- 複数チャンネルの前記オペアンプを集積化して成ることを特徴とする請求項4~請求項16のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 第1チャンネル用の外部端子は、いずれもパッケージの第1辺に設けられており、第2チャンネル用の外部端子は、いずれも前記パッケージの第2辺に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項17に記載の半導体装置。
- 請求項4~請求項18のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置を有する電子機器。
- 請求項19に記載の電子機器を有する車両。
Priority Applications (6)
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JP2019538041A JP6842553B2 (ja) | 2017-08-22 | 2018-08-06 | オペアンプ |
DE112018003872.6T DE112018003872T5 (de) | 2017-08-22 | 2018-08-06 | Operationsverstärker |
CN201880054723.6A CN111034033B (zh) | 2017-08-22 | 2018-08-06 | 运算放大器 |
US16/640,321 US11121685B2 (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2018-08-06 | Operational amplifier |
KR1020207005176A KR102414492B1 (ko) | 2017-08-22 | 2018-08-06 | 연산 증폭기 |
US17/399,268 US11528001B2 (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2021-08-11 | Operational amplifier |
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US16/640,321 A-371-Of-International US11121685B2 (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2018-08-06 | Operational amplifier |
US17/399,268 Continuation US11528001B2 (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2021-08-11 | Operational amplifier |
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WO2019039245A1 true WO2019039245A1 (ja) | 2019-02-28 |
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US (2) | US11121685B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6842553B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102414492B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN111034033B (ja) |
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WO2021251081A1 (ja) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-12-16 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体装置、電子機器 |
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DE112018003872T5 (de) | 2017-08-22 | 2020-04-09 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Operationsverstärker |
CN112425071A (zh) * | 2018-07-20 | 2021-02-26 | 株式会社半导体能源研究所 | 接收电路 |
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2018
- 2018-08-06 DE DE112018003872.6T patent/DE112018003872T5/de active Pending
- 2018-08-06 JP JP2019538041A patent/JP6842553B2/ja active Active
- 2018-08-06 KR KR1020207005176A patent/KR102414492B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2018-08-06 CN CN201880054723.6A patent/CN111034033B/zh active Active
- 2018-08-06 WO PCT/JP2018/029357 patent/WO2019039245A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPH0729984A (ja) * | 1993-07-07 | 1995-01-31 | Sony Corp | 半導体集積回路装置 |
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CN111034033A (zh) | 2020-04-17 |
US20200358410A1 (en) | 2020-11-12 |
JPWO2019039245A1 (ja) | 2020-07-27 |
KR20200029028A (ko) | 2020-03-17 |
US11121685B2 (en) | 2021-09-14 |
US11528001B2 (en) | 2022-12-13 |
JP6842553B2 (ja) | 2021-03-17 |
DE112018003872T5 (de) | 2020-04-09 |
KR102414492B1 (ko) | 2022-06-28 |
US20210367570A1 (en) | 2021-11-25 |
CN111034033B (zh) | 2023-08-18 |
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