WO2019007885A1 - Material removal device and method, and tool equipped with such a device - Google Patents

Material removal device and method, and tool equipped with such a device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019007885A1
WO2019007885A1 PCT/EP2018/067770 EP2018067770W WO2019007885A1 WO 2019007885 A1 WO2019007885 A1 WO 2019007885A1 EP 2018067770 W EP2018067770 W EP 2018067770W WO 2019007885 A1 WO2019007885 A1 WO 2019007885A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drum
cutting tools
material removal
removal device
tool
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/067770
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Claude FERIGUTTI
Original Assignee
Societe Parisienne De Produits Et Materiaux
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Parisienne De Produits Et Materiaux filed Critical Societe Parisienne De Produits Et Materiaux
Priority to EP18733640.9A priority Critical patent/EP3648938A1/en
Publication of WO2019007885A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019007885A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/18—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools
    • B28D1/186—Tools therefor, e.g. having exchangeable cutter bits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/18—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of material removal, and more particularly to the removal of construction materials. It relates more particularly to a planing cutter.
  • a surface layer is removed from the surface of the building material, for example milt on a concrete support. This operation is necessary for the preparation of a support before the application of a coating of resin type or coating on raw concrete to ensure the attachment of the coating on the support.
  • This operation also reduces the thickness of construction material.
  • the existing coating is removed, for example a layer of resin, glue, waxed concrete covering a floor.
  • polluted or contaminated concrete is cleaned up by removing the polluted or contaminated layer.
  • the sanding technique involves sanding and diamond sanding techniques.
  • a sanding disk comprising abrasive pads, in particular diamond loaded pads, rubs against the surface to be sanded.
  • Figure 1 shows a diamond sanding disc according to the state of the art.
  • the abrasive pads 1 are disposed on the surface of the driven disk in a rotational movement.
  • the pads are applied to the surface to be treated so that the axis of rotation of the disk is perpendicular to the surface to be treated.
  • the surface condition obtained is smooth.
  • planar material removal involves the removal of material by drums perpendicular to the surface and the removal of material by drums parallel to the surface to be treated.
  • Drums perpendicular to the treated surface may include diamond polycrystalline cutting tools (PCD) or carbide or other material wheel discs while drums parallel to the treated surface may include steel or carbide cylinders.
  • PCD diamond polycrystalline cutting tools
  • carbide carbide or other material wheel discs
  • drums parallel to the treated surface may include steel or carbide cylinders.
  • Figure 2 shows a drum perpendicular to the surface to be treated with stars.
  • the drum driven in a rotational movement is applied to the surface to be treated.
  • the axis of rotation of the drum is perpendicular to the surface to be treated.
  • the moets 2 are driven and roll on the planing surface. However, removal of material by planing by disk is weak.
  • Drum planing parallel to the surface to be treated has an efficiency greater than that of a disk with wheels.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a drum parallel to the surface to be treated by moets. The drum is rotated by heavy equipment. The assembly is applied to the surface to be treated so that the axis of rotation (X) of the drum is parallel to the surface to be treated. The pieces 3 strike the planing surface. The removal of material is by shock. This technique makes it possible to obtain good rates and a surface state that favors the adhesion of a coating to the treated surface.
  • planing technique requires a large mass equipment or a significant effort of support by the user of the tool against the surface to be treated. This disadvantage prevents manual uses or those for which the mass is a determining criterion. Therefore, this type of equipment is only suitable for ground applications.
  • the material removal techniques known from the state of the art allow the removal of material only one surface at a time, according to the technique used, either from the surface perpendicular to the axis of rotation. disk or drum perpendicular to the surface to be treated, or the surface parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum parallel to the surface to be treated. It is not possible to treat an angle in a single pass of the tool.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to overcome the disadvantages associated with known material removal techniques of the state of the art.
  • the invention provides a material removal device comprising a rotating cylindrical drum and cutting tools mounted on the drum.
  • the cutting tools are distributed at the periphery of the drum in an axial direction.
  • it further comprises cutting tools uniformly distributed on the periphery of the drum.
  • the cutting tools comprise pellets.
  • one or more cutting tools are mounted at the edge of the drum so as to protrude laterally from the drum.
  • the cutting tool is offset relative to a radial direction of the drum by an angle of between plus and minus 20 °.
  • the cutting tools comprise a matrix and a cutting material secured to the matrix.
  • the material is diamond polycrystalline.
  • the cutting tools are mounted in a tool holder inserted into the drum.
  • the invention also proposes a portable tool equipped with a material removal device as defined above.
  • the object of the invention is also a method of removing material by planing by means of a material removal device as defined above.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of a planing device comprising a pile drum perpendicular to the surface to be treated according to the state of the art;
  • FIG. 3 previously mentioned, is a schematic view of a planing device comprising a drum moets parallel to the surface to be treated, according to the state of the art;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a material removal device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the drum showing a cutting tool disposed at the edge of the drum according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows the implementation of a cutting tool relative to the drum.
  • This cutter is intended to be mounted on a tool adapted to its use, in particular but not exclusively a portable tool, by through an adaptation piece not shown.
  • the portable tool drives the cutter in a rotational motion.
  • the cutter comprises a drum 4, tool holders 5 and cutting tools 6.
  • the drum 4 is cylindrical in shape. It comprises a central opening 7 aligned along the axis of rotation of the cylinder (A). This opening 7 is intended to receive an axis for rotating the cutter.
  • the drum 4 may include recesses 8. These recesses 8 reduce the mass of the cutter and facilitate its maneuverability and portability during use. They are placed in such a way that the rigidity of the drum 4 is not compromised.
  • This drum 4 comprises housings 9 accommodating the tool holders 5.
  • the housings 9 are distributed on the periphery of the drum 4 in a direction parallel to the axis (A).
  • the housings 9 may be arranged on the periphery of the drum 4 so that they form an angle between the axis (A) and each of the loations. To limit the wear of the cutting tools 6 when planing a surface, additional housings 10 are evenly distributed around the periphery of the drum 4.
  • the drum 4 is made of a material resistant to impact, abrasion and thermal heating of the cutter during the planing operation.
  • the drum is made of steel.
  • the cutting tools 6 are mounted in the tool holders 5.
  • the tool gates 5 are inserted into the housings 9 of the drum 4.
  • the tool gates 5 hold the cutting tools 6 in the drum 4. They prevent the cutting tools 6 from being ejected from the drum 4 by virtue of the centrifugal force resulting from the rotational movement of the cutter.
  • the tool carrier 5 may contain one or more cutting tools 6. It is made of a material resistant to impact, abrasion and thermal heating of the milling cutter during the planing operation. Preferably, but without limitation, the tool holder 5 is made of steel.
  • the tool carrier 5 is made of several different materials, for example steel and aluminum to reduce the weight of the milling cutter or steel and tungsten carbide to increase the resistance of the tool holder 5 to abrasion.
  • the cutting tools 6 are held in the tool holders 5 and the tool holders are held in the drum by lidarization means, for example using flanges.
  • the tool gates 5 facilitate the assembly, disassembly and fixing of the cutting tools 6 on the drum 4.
  • the cutting tools 6 are of any shape and cooperate with the tool holders 5. They include a cutting material suitable for planing construction materials, particularly suitable for planing the concrete.
  • Cutting tools 6 may comprise, for example, diamond polycrystalline (PCD).
  • PCD is a material with high hardness and abrasion resistance. It allows the removal of material with very low wear compared to steel or tungsten carbide. It is suitable for planing construction materials. However, PCD is a weakly resilient material.
  • the cutting tools 6 may therefore comprise a generally steel die and PCD deposited on the die.
  • the cutting tools 6 may be in the form of pellets, in particular pellets of circular shape.
  • the shape of the pellet depends on the surface state of the surface to be obtained. It may for example be a square faceted pellet which generates a very rough surface state favoring the adhesion of a coating on the treated surface, or a pellet with straight facets that generates a smooth surface state.
  • the shape of the cutting tools 6 is chosen according to the task to be performed.
  • Implantation of the cutting tools at the periphery of the milling cutter and the high speed of the milling cutter increase the kinetic energy of the cutting tools 6, helping to improve the removal of material compared with known material removal techniques.
  • the distance D between each cutting tool 6 defines the surface condition of the planed surface. The greater the distance between the cutting tools 6, the roughness of the planed surface is coarse.
  • one or more cutting tools 1 1 of identical constitution to the cutting tools 6 are mounted at the edge of the drum so as to protrude laterally from the drum 4.
  • FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of the drum showing a cutting tool 1 1 disposed at the edge of the drum 4.
  • the cutting tools 1 1 are held in the drum 4 by tool holders 12 holding the cutting tools 6 and 1 1.
  • the cutting tools 1 1 plan the surface placed perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cutter (A).
  • the cutter planes in one operation two perpendicular surfaces. This embodiment thus makes it possible to plane an angle formed by two perpendicular surfaces.
  • the cutting tools 6 and 1 1 are mounted in the drum 4 and held lidarily to the drum 4 without tool holders 5 and 12.
  • the cutting tools 6 and 1 1 are soldered or brazed on the drum.
  • the cutting tools 6 and 11 may take the form of a sector of a pellet, for example a sector of a 1/3 or 1/4 of a pellet in order to facilitate their assembly. on the drum 4.
  • a milling cutter can comprise cutting tools and / or tool holders and / or overhead cutting tools.
  • FIG. 6 shows the implementation of a cutting tool 6 relative to the drum 4. This implementation is given by way of non-limiting example.
  • planing efficiency is improved when the cutting tool is offset from a radial direction R of the drum 4 by an angle ⁇ between plus and minus 20 °.
  • the cutting tools 6 and 11 remove by shock and tearing particles of material from the surface to be treated. At each passage of a cutting tool on the surface to be treated, a small amount of material is removed.
  • the cutter described reduces the execution time of a predefined task compared to known techniques.

Abstract

The invention relates to a material removal device comprising a rotating cylindrical drum (4) and cutting tools (6) mounted on the drum. The cutting tools are distributed around the periphery of the drum in an axial direction.

Description

Dispositif et procédé d' enlèvement de matière et outil équipé d' un tel dispositif  Device and method of removing material and tool equipped with such a device
La présente invention concerne le domaine de l ' enlèvement de matière, et plus particulièrement l ' enlèvement de matériaux de construction. Elle concerne plus particulièrement une fraise de rabotage. The present invention relates to the field of material removal, and more particularly to the removal of construction materials. It relates more particularly to a planing cutter.
L ' enlèvement de matière, par exemple du béton, sur des surfaces existantes est fréquent dans le domaine de la construction et/ou du génie civil.  The removal of material, for example concrete, on existing surfaces is common in the field of construction and / or civil engineering.
Une couche superficielle est enlevée de la surface du matériau de construction, par exemple la laitance sur un support en béton. Cette opération est nécessaire pour la préparation d'un support avant l ' application d'un revêtement de type résine ou enduit sur du béton brut pour garantir l ' accrochage du revêtement sur le support.  A surface layer is removed from the surface of the building material, for example milt on a concrete support. This operation is necessary for the preparation of a support before the application of a coating of resin type or coating on raw concrete to ensure the attachment of the coating on the support.
Cette opération permet également de diminuer l ' épaisseur de matériau de construction.  This operation also reduces the thickness of construction material.
Lors d'une opération de rénovation, le revêtement existant est enlevé, par exemp le une couche de résine, colle, béton ciré recouvrant un sol.  During a renovation operation, the existing coating is removed, for example a layer of resin, glue, waxed concrete covering a floor.
Lors d' opérations de dépollution ou de désamiantage, le béton pollué ou contaminé est assaini par enlèvement de la couche polluée ou contaminée.  During abatement or asbestos removal operations, polluted or contaminated concrete is cleaned up by removing the polluted or contaminated layer.
Afin de réaliser une opération d' enlèvement de matière en surface d'un matériau de construction plusieurs techniques ont été développées selon la profondeur de matériau à enlever.  In order to perform a material removal operation on the surface of a building material several techniques have been developed depending on the depth of material to be removed.
La technique de l' enlèvement de matière par ponçage regroupe les techniques de ponçage abrasif et de ponçage diamant. Un disque de ponçage comprenant des patins abrasifs, notamment des patins chargés en diamant, frotte sur la surface à poncer. La figure 1 montre un disque de ponçage diamant selon l' état de la technique. Les patins abrasifs 1 sont disposés sur la surface du disque entraîné dans un mouvement de rotation. Les patins sont appliqués sur la surface à traiter de sorte que l ' axe de rotation du disque est perpendiculaire à la surface à traiter. L ' état de surface obtenu est lisse. The sanding technique involves sanding and diamond sanding techniques. A sanding disk comprising abrasive pads, in particular diamond loaded pads, rubs against the surface to be sanded. Figure 1 shows a diamond sanding disc according to the state of the art. The abrasive pads 1 are disposed on the surface of the driven disk in a rotational movement. The pads are applied to the surface to be treated so that the axis of rotation of the disk is perpendicular to the surface to be treated. The surface condition obtained is smooth.
Cependant, les techniques de ponçage ne permettent qu'un enlèvement de matière superficiel avec un état de surface final lisse. L ' état de surface obtenu ne permet pas un bon accrochage d 'une couche de résine, de béton ciré ou d' autres revêtements sur le support traité et l ' enlèvement de matière est insuffisant pour diminuer efficacement l ' épaisseur de matériaux.  However, sanding techniques allow only a superficial material removal with a smooth final surface state. The surface condition obtained does not allow a good adhesion of a layer of resin, waxed concrete or other coatings on the treated support and the removal of material is insufficient to effectively reduce the thickness of materials.
La technique de l ' enlèvement de matière par rabotage regroupe l ' enlèvement de matière par des tambours perpendiculaires à la surface et l ' enlèvement de matière par des tambours parallèles à la surface à traiter.  The technique of planar material removal involves the removal of material by drums perpendicular to the surface and the removal of material by drums parallel to the surface to be treated.
Les tambours perpendiculaires à la surface traitée peuvent comporter des outils de coupe polycristallin diamant (PCD) ou des disques à mo lettes en carbure ou en autres matériaux tandis que les tambours parallèles à la surface traitée peuvent comprendre des mo lettes en acier ou en carbure.  Drums perpendicular to the treated surface may include diamond polycrystalline cutting tools (PCD) or carbide or other material wheel discs while drums parallel to the treated surface may include steel or carbide cylinders.
La figure 2 montre un tambour perpendiculaire à la surface à traiter avec des mo lettes. Le tambour entraîné dans un mouvement de rotation est appliqué sur la surface à traiter. L ' axe de rotation du tambour est perpendiculaire à la surface à traiter. Les mo lettes 2 sont entraînées et roulent sur la surface à raboter. Cependant l ' enlèvement de matière par rabotage par disque est faible.  Figure 2 shows a drum perpendicular to the surface to be treated with stars. The drum driven in a rotational movement is applied to the surface to be treated. The axis of rotation of the drum is perpendicular to the surface to be treated. The moets 2 are driven and roll on the planing surface. However, removal of material by planing by disk is weak.
Le rabotage par tambours parallèles à la surface à traiter a une efficacité supérieure à celle d'un disque avec des mo lettes . La figure 3 illustre un tambour parallèle à la surface à traiter par mo lettes. Le tambour est entraîné dans un mouvement de rotation par un équipement lourd. L ' ensemble est appliqué sur la surface à traiter de sorte que l ' axe de rotation (X) du tambour est parallèle à la surface à traiter. Les mo lettes 3 percutent la surface à raboter. L ' enlèvement de matière se fait par choc. Cette technique permet d' obtenir de bonnes cadences et un état de surface favorisant l ' accrochage d'un revêtement sur la surface traitée. Drum planing parallel to the surface to be treated has an efficiency greater than that of a disk with wheels. Figure 3 illustrates a drum parallel to the surface to be treated by moets. The drum is rotated by heavy equipment. The assembly is applied to the surface to be treated so that the axis of rotation (X) of the drum is parallel to the surface to be treated. The pieces 3 strike the planing surface. The removal of material is by shock. This technique makes it possible to obtain good rates and a surface state that favors the adhesion of a coating to the treated surface.
Cependant, pour être efficace, la technique du rabotage nécessite un équipement de masse importante ou un effort important d' appui par l 'utilisateur de l'outil contre la surface à traiter. Cet inconvénient empêche les utilisations manuelles ou celles pour lesquelles la masse est un critère déterminant. Par conséquent, ce type d' équipement n' est adapté que pour des applications au sol.  However, to be effective, the planing technique requires a large mass equipment or a significant effort of support by the user of the tool against the surface to be treated. This disadvantage prevents manual uses or those for which the mass is a determining criterion. Therefore, this type of equipment is only suitable for ground applications.
De plus, les techniques d' enlèvement de matière connues de l ' état de la technique ne permettent l ' enlèvement de matière que d'une surface à la fois, selon la technique employée, soit de la surface perpendiculaire à l ' axe de rotation du disque ou du tambour perpendiculaire à la surface à traiter, soit de la surface parallèle à l' axe de rotation du tambour parallèle à la surface à traiter. Il n' est pas possible de traiter un angle en une seule passe de l 'outil.  In addition, the material removal techniques known from the state of the art allow the removal of material only one surface at a time, according to the technique used, either from the surface perpendicular to the axis of rotation. disk or drum perpendicular to the surface to be treated, or the surface parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum parallel to the surface to be treated. It is not possible to treat an angle in a single pass of the tool.
Le but de l' invention est donc de pallier les inconvénients liés aux techniques d' enlèvement de matière connues de l ' état de la technique.  The object of the invention is therefore to overcome the disadvantages associated with known material removal techniques of the state of the art.
Au vu de ce qui précède l' invention propose un dispositif d' enlèvement de matière, comprenant un tambour cylindrique rotatif et des outils de coupe montés sur le tambour.  In view of the foregoing the invention provides a material removal device comprising a rotating cylindrical drum and cutting tools mounted on the drum.
Selon une caractéristique du dispositif selon l' invention, les outils de coupe sont répartis en périphérie du tambour selon une direction axiale.  According to a feature of the device according to the invention, the cutting tools are distributed at the periphery of the drum in an axial direction.
Selon une autre caractéristique, il comprend en outre des outils de coupe répartis uniformément sur la périphérie du tambour.  According to another characteristic, it further comprises cutting tools uniformly distributed on the periphery of the drum.
Avantageusement, les outils de coupe comprennent des pastilles.  Advantageously, the cutting tools comprise pellets.
De préférence, un ou plusieurs outils de coupe sont montés en bordure du tambour de manière à déborder latéralement du tambour.  Preferably, one or more cutting tools are mounted at the edge of the drum so as to protrude laterally from the drum.
Avantageusement, l'outil de coupe est décalé par rapport à une direction radiale du tambour d'un angle compris entre plus et moins 20° . Selon une autre caractéristique, les outils de coupe comportent une matrice et un matériau de coupe solidarisé à la matrice. Advantageously, the cutting tool is offset relative to a radial direction of the drum by an angle of between plus and minus 20 °. According to another characteristic, the cutting tools comprise a matrix and a cutting material secured to the matrix.
De préférence, le matériau est du polycristallin diamant.  Preferably, the material is diamond polycrystalline.
Avantageusement, les outils de coupe sont montés dans un porte-outil inséré dans le tambour.  Advantageously, the cutting tools are mounted in a tool holder inserted into the drum.
L 'invention propose également un outil portatif équipé d 'un dispositif d' enlèvement de matière tel que défini ci-dessus .  The invention also proposes a portable tool equipped with a material removal device as defined above.
L 'invention a également pour obj et un procédé d' enlèvement de matière par rabotage au moyen d 'un dispositif d' enlèvement de matière tel que défini ci-dessus .  The object of the invention is also a method of removing material by planing by means of a material removal device as defined above.
D ' autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l 'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description suivante, donnée uniquement à titre d' exemple non limitatif, et faite en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :  Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description, given solely by way of nonlimiting example, and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- La figure 1 , dont il a déj à été fait mention, est une vue schématique d'un disque de ponçage selon l' état de la technique ;  - Figure 1, which has already been mentioned, is a schematic view of a sanding disc according to the state of the art;
- La figure 2, dont il a déj à été fait mention, est une vue schématique d'un dispositif de rabotage comprenant un tambour à mo lettes perpendiculaire à la surface à traiter selon l' état de la technique ;  FIG. 2, of which reference has already been made, is a diagrammatic view of a planing device comprising a pile drum perpendicular to the surface to be treated according to the state of the art;
- La figure 3 , précédemment évoquée, est une vue schématique d'un dispositif de rabotage comprenant un tambour à mo lettes parallèle à la surface à traiter, selon l ' état de la technique ;  - Figure 3, previously mentioned, is a schematic view of a planing device comprising a drum moets parallel to the surface to be treated, according to the state of the art;
- La figure 4 est une vue schématique d'un dispositif d' enlèvement de matière conforme à l 'invention ;  - Figure 4 is a schematic view of a material removal device according to the invention;
- La figure 5 est une vue à plus grande échelle du tambour montrant un outil de coupe disposé en bordure du tambour conforme à l' invention ; et  - Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the drum showing a cutting tool disposed at the edge of the drum according to the invention; and
- La figure 6 montre l' implantation d'un outil de coupe par rapport au tambour.  - Figure 6 shows the implementation of a cutting tool relative to the drum.
On se référera à la figure 4 qui illustre un premier mode de réalisation d'une fraise conforme à l ' invention.  Referring to Figure 4 which illustrates a first embodiment of a cutter according to the invention.
Cette fraise est destinée à être montée sur un outil adapté à son utilisation, notamment mais non exclusivement un outil portatif, par l' intermédiaire d'une pièce d' adaptation non représentée. L ' outil portatif entraîne la fraise dans un mouvement de rotation. This cutter is intended to be mounted on a tool adapted to its use, in particular but not exclusively a portable tool, by through an adaptation piece not shown. The portable tool drives the cutter in a rotational motion.
La fraise comprend un tambour 4, des portes outils 5 et des outils de coupe 6.  The cutter comprises a drum 4, tool holders 5 and cutting tools 6.
Le tambour 4 est de forme cylindrique. Il comporte une ouverture centrale 7 alignée selon l' axe de rotation du cylindre (A) . Cette ouverture 7 est destinée à recevoir un axe permettant la mise en rotation de la fraise.  The drum 4 is cylindrical in shape. It comprises a central opening 7 aligned along the axis of rotation of the cylinder (A). This opening 7 is intended to receive an axis for rotating the cutter.
Le tambour 4 peut comporter des évidements 8. Ces évidements 8 permettent de réduire la masse de la fraise et faciliter sa manœuvrabilité et sa portabilité lors de son utilisation. Ils sont placés de telle sorte que la rigidité du tambour 4 n ' est pas compromise.  The drum 4 may include recesses 8. These recesses 8 reduce the mass of the cutter and facilitate its maneuverability and portability during use. They are placed in such a way that the rigidity of the drum 4 is not compromised.
Ce tambour 4 comporte des logements 9 accueillant les portes outils 5. Les lo gements 9 sont répartis sur la périphérie du tambour 4 selon une direction parallèle à l ' axe (A) .  This drum 4 comprises housings 9 accommodating the tool holders 5. The housings 9 are distributed on the periphery of the drum 4 in a direction parallel to the axis (A).
Les logements 9 peuvent être disposés sur la périphérie du tambour 4 de façon à ce qu' ils forment un angle entre l ' axe (A) et chacun des lo gements. Pour limiter l 'usure des outils de coupe 6 lors du rabotage d'une surface, des logements supplémentaires 10 sont répartis uniformément sur la périphérie du tambour 4.  The housings 9 may be arranged on the periphery of the drum 4 so that they form an angle between the axis (A) and each of the loations. To limit the wear of the cutting tools 6 when planing a surface, additional housings 10 are evenly distributed around the periphery of the drum 4.
Le tambour 4 est réalisé dans une matière résistante aux chocs, à l ' abrasion et à r échauffement thermique de la fraise pendant l ' opération de rabotage. De préférence mais de manière non limitative, le tambour est réalisé en acier.  The drum 4 is made of a material resistant to impact, abrasion and thermal heating of the cutter during the planing operation. Preferably, but without limitation, the drum is made of steel.
Les outils de coupe 6 sont montés dans les portes outils 5.  The cutting tools 6 are mounted in the tool holders 5.
Les portes outils 5 sont insérés dans les logements 9 du tambour 4. Les portes outils 5 maintiennent les outils de coupe 6 dans le tambour 4. Ils empêchent l ' éj ection des outils de coupe 6 hors du tambour 4 sous l ' effet de la force centrifuge résultant du mouvement de rotation de la fraise.  The tool gates 5 are inserted into the housings 9 of the drum 4. The tool gates 5 hold the cutting tools 6 in the drum 4. They prevent the cutting tools 6 from being ejected from the drum 4 by virtue of the centrifugal force resulting from the rotational movement of the cutter.
Le porte outils 5 peut contenir un ou plusieurs outils de coupe 6. Il est réalisé dans une matière résistante aux chocs, à l ' abrasion et à r échauffement thermique de la fraise pendant l'opération de rabotage. De préférence mais de manière non limitative, le porte outils 5 est réalisé en acier. The tool carrier 5 may contain one or more cutting tools 6. It is made of a material resistant to impact, abrasion and thermal heating of the milling cutter during the planing operation. Preferably, but without limitation, the tool holder 5 is made of steel.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le porte outils 5 est réalisé en plusieurs matériaux différents, par exemp le en acier et en aluminium pour diminuer la masse de la fraise ou en acier et en carbure de tungstène pour augmenter la résistance du porte outil 5 à l ' abrasion.  According to another embodiment, the tool carrier 5 is made of several different materials, for example steel and aluminum to reduce the weight of the milling cutter or steel and tungsten carbide to increase the resistance of the tool holder 5 to abrasion.
Les outils de coupe 6 sont maintenus dans les portes outils 5 et les portes outils sont maintenus dans le tambour par des moyens de so lidarisation, par exemple à l ' aide de brides.  The cutting tools 6 are held in the tool holders 5 and the tool holders are held in the drum by lidarization means, for example using flanges.
Les portes outils 5 facilitent le montage, le démontage et la fixation des outils de coupe 6 sur le tambour 4.  The tool gates 5 facilitate the assembly, disassembly and fixing of the cutting tools 6 on the drum 4.
Les outils de coupe 6 sont de forme quelconque et coopèrent avec les portes outils 5. Ils comprennent un matériau de coupe adapté au rabotage de matériaux de construction, notamment adapté au rabotage du béton.  The cutting tools 6 are of any shape and cooperate with the tool holders 5. They include a cutting material suitable for planing construction materials, particularly suitable for planing the concrete.
Les outils de coupe 6 peuvent comprendre, par exemple, du polycristallin diamant (PCD) . Le PCD est un matériau dont la dureté et la résistance à l 'usure par abrasion sont élevées. Il permet l ' enlèvement de matière avec une usure très faible comparativement à l ' acier ou au carbure de tungstène. Il est adapté au rabotage de matériaux de construction. Cependant le PCD est un matériau faiblement résilient. Les outils de coupe 6 peuvent donc comprendre une matrice généralement en acier et du PCD déposé sur la matrice.  Cutting tools 6 may comprise, for example, diamond polycrystalline (PCD). PCD is a material with high hardness and abrasion resistance. It allows the removal of material with very low wear compared to steel or tungsten carbide. It is suitable for planing construction materials. However, PCD is a weakly resilient material. The cutting tools 6 may therefore comprise a generally steel die and PCD deposited on the die.
Avantageusement, les outils de coupe 6 peuvent se présenter sous forme de pastilles, notamment des pastilles de forme circulaire.  Advantageously, the cutting tools 6 may be in the form of pellets, in particular pellets of circular shape.
Lorsqu'une arête de l 'outil de coupe 6 est usée, il suffit de faire tourner l'outil de coupe 6 sur son axe de rotation pour positionner une arête neuve. La durée de d'utilisation de l'outil de coupe en est prolongée.  When an edge of the cutting tool 6 is worn, it is sufficient to rotate the cutting tool 6 on its axis of rotation to position a new edge. The duration of use of the cutting tool is extended.
La forme de la pastille dépend de l ' état de surface de la surface à obtenir. Il peut par exemple s ' agir d'une pastille à facettes carrées qui génère un état de surface très rugueux favorisant l ' adhérence d 'un revêtement sur la surface traitée, ou d'une pastille à facettes droites qui génère un état de surface lisse. The shape of the pellet depends on the surface state of the surface to be obtained. It may for example be a square faceted pellet which generates a very rough surface state favoring the adhesion of a coating on the treated surface, or a pellet with straight facets that generates a smooth surface state.
La forme des outils de coupe 6 est choisie en fonction de la tâche à réaliser.  The shape of the cutting tools 6 is chosen according to the task to be performed.
L 'implantation des outils de coupe en périphérie de la fraise et la vitesse élevée de la fraise augmentent l ' énergie cinétique des outils de coupe 6 contribuant à améliorer l ' enlèvement de matière par rapport aux techniques d' enlèvement de matière connues.  Implantation of the cutting tools at the periphery of the milling cutter and the high speed of the milling cutter increase the kinetic energy of the cutting tools 6, helping to improve the removal of material compared with known material removal techniques.
La distance D séparant chaque outil de coupe 6 définit l' état de surface de la surface rabotée . Plus la distance entre les outils de coupe 6 est élevée, plus la rugosité de la surface rabotée est grossière.  The distance D between each cutting tool 6 defines the surface condition of the planed surface. The greater the distance between the cutting tools 6, the roughness of the planed surface is coarse.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, un ou plusieurs outils de coupe 1 1 de constitution identique aux outils de coupe 6 sont montés en bordure du tambour de manière à déborder latéralement du tambour 4.  According to another embodiment, one or more cutting tools 1 1 of identical constitution to the cutting tools 6 are mounted at the edge of the drum so as to protrude laterally from the drum 4.
On se réfère à la figure 5 qui illustre une vue agrandie du tambour montrant un outil de coupe 1 1 disposé en bordure du tambour 4. Les outils de coupe 1 1 sont maintenus dans le tambour 4 par des portes outils 12 maintenant les outils de coupe 6 et 1 1 . Les outils de coupe 1 1 rabotent la surface placée perpendiculairement à l ' axe de rotation de la fraise (A) . Avantageusement, la fraise rabote en une seule opération deux surfaces perpendiculaires . Ce mode de réalisation permet ainsi de raboter un angle formé par deux surfaces perpendiculaires .  Referring to Figure 5 which shows an enlarged view of the drum showing a cutting tool 1 1 disposed at the edge of the drum 4. The cutting tools 1 1 are held in the drum 4 by tool holders 12 holding the cutting tools 6 and 1 1. The cutting tools 1 1 plan the surface placed perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cutter (A). Advantageously, the cutter planes in one operation two perpendicular surfaces. This embodiment thus makes it possible to plane an angle formed by two perpendicular surfaces.
Selon encore un autre mode de réalisation non représenté, les outils de coupe 6 et 1 1 sont montés dans le tambour 4 et maintenus so lidairement au tambour 4 sans portes outils 5 et 12. Par exemple, les outils de coupe 6 et 1 1 sont soudés ou brasés sur le tambour.  According to yet another embodiment not shown, the cutting tools 6 and 1 1 are mounted in the drum 4 and held lidarily to the drum 4 without tool holders 5 and 12. For example, the cutting tools 6 and 1 1 are soldered or brazed on the drum.
Dans ce mode de réalisation, les outils de coupe 6 et 1 1 peuvent prendre la forme d' un secteur d'une pastille, par exemple un secteur d'un 1 /3 ou 1 /4 d'une pastille afin de faciliter leur montage sur le tambour 4.  In this embodiment, the cutting tools 6 and 11 may take the form of a sector of a pellet, for example a sector of a 1/3 or 1/4 of a pellet in order to facilitate their assembly. on the drum 4.
Bien entendu, les différents modes de réalisation décrits peuvent être combinés, c ' est-à-dire qu'une fraise peut comporter des outils de coupe et/ou des portes outils et/ou des outils de coupe débordant. Of course, the various embodiments described can be combined, that is to say that a milling cutter can comprise cutting tools and / or tool holders and / or overhead cutting tools.
On se réfère à la figure 6 qui montre l' implantation d'un outil de coupe 6 par rapport au tambour 4. Cette implantation est donnée à titre d' exemple non limitatif.  Referring to Figure 6 which shows the implementation of a cutting tool 6 relative to the drum 4. This implementation is given by way of non-limiting example.
L ' efficacité du rabotage est améliorée lorsque l'outil de coupe est décalé par rapport à une direction radiale R du tambour 4 d 'un angle a compris entre plus et moins 20° .  The planing efficiency is improved when the cutting tool is offset from a radial direction R of the drum 4 by an angle α between plus and minus 20 °.
En fonctionnement, lorsque la fraise est animée d 'un mouvement de rotation, les outils de coupe 6 et 1 1 enlèvent par choc et arrachement des particules de matière de la surface à traiter. A chaque passage d'un outil de coupe sur la surface à traiter, une faible quantité de matière est enlevée .  In operation, when the cutter is driven in a rotational movement, the cutting tools 6 and 11 remove by shock and tearing particles of material from the surface to be treated. At each passage of a cutting tool on the surface to be treated, a small amount of material is removed.
La fraise décrite permet de diminuer le temps d' exécution d'une tâche prédéfinie par rapport aux techniques connues .  The cutter described reduces the execution time of a predefined task compared to known techniques.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Dispositif d' enlèvement de matière, comprenant un tambour cylindrique rotatif (4) et des outils de coupe (6) montés sur le tambour, les outils de coupe sont répartis en périphérie du tambour selon une direction axiale, caractérisé en ce que les outils de coupe comprennent des pastilles. 1. A material removal device, comprising a rotating cylindrical drum (4) and cutting tools (6) mounted on the drum, the cutting tools are distributed at the periphery of the drum in an axial direction, characterized in that the cutting tools cut include pellets.
2. Dispositif d' enlèvement de matière selon la revendication 1 , comprenant en outre des outils de coupe répartis uniformément sur la périphérie du tambour (4) .  2. Material removal device according to claim 1, further comprising cutting tools uniformly distributed on the periphery of the drum (4).
3. Dispositif d' enlèvement de matière selon l 'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel un ou plusieurs outils de coupe ( 1 1 ) sont montés en bordure du tambour cylindrique rotatif (4) de manière à déborder latéralement du tambour.  3. Apparatus for removing material according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein one or more cutting tools (1 1) are mounted at the edge of the rotary cylindrical drum (4) so as to protrude laterally from the drum.
4. Dispositif d' enlèvement de matière selon l 'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 , dans lequel l'outil de coupe (6) est décalé par rapport à une direction radiale du tambour (4) d'un angle (a) compris entre plus et moins 20° .  4. Material removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cutting tool (6) is offset relative to a radial direction of the drum (4) by an angle (a) included between plus and minus 20 °.
5. Dispositif d' enlèvement de matière selon l 'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel les outils de coupe (6) comportent une matrice et un matériau de coupe so lidarisé à la matrice.  5. A material removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cutting tools (6) comprise a matrix and a matrix-like cutting material.
6. Dispositif d' enlèvement de matière selon la revendication 5 , dans lequel le matériau est du polycristallin diamant.  The material removal device according to claim 5, wherein the material is polycrystalline diamond.
7. Dispositif d' enlèvement de matière selon l 'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel les outils de coupe (6) sont montés dans un porte-outil (5) inséré dans le tambour (4) .  7. Material removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cutting tools (6) are mounted in a tool holder (5) inserted into the drum (4).
8. Outil portatif, caractérisé en ce qu ' il est équipé d 'un dispositif d' enlèvement de matière selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7.  Portable tool, characterized in that it is equipped with a material removal device according to one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Procédé d' enlèvement de matière, caractérisé en ce qu' il comporte une étape de rabotage mettant en œuvre un dispositif d' enlèvement de matière selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7. 9. A method of removing material, characterized in that it comprises a planing step implementing a device material removal device according to one of claims 1 to 7.
PCT/EP2018/067770 2017-07-03 2018-07-02 Material removal device and method, and tool equipped with such a device WO2019007885A1 (en)

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FR1756255A FR3068275B1 (en) 2017-07-03 2017-07-03 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR REMOVING MATERIAL AND TOOL EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DEVICE

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FR3068275B1 (en) 2017-07-03 2019-08-30 Societe Parisienne De Produits Et Materiaux DEVICE AND METHOD FOR REMOVING MATERIAL AND TOOL EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DEVICE
EP4005763A1 (en) 2020-11-26 2022-06-01 Astillo Planing tool of a planing milling machine

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BE582594A (en) * 1958-09-16 1959-12-31 Henry Neuenburg Road milling machine for the production of indicator strips
FR2004262A1 (en) 1968-03-20 1969-11-21 Greenside Machine Co Ltd
DE1801337A1 (en) * 1968-10-04 1970-09-17 Bockey Johannes Device for processing prismatic bodies, in particular shaped stones made of aerated concrete
FR2330806A1 (en) 1975-11-06 1977-06-03 Dresser Ind ROTARY CUTTING TOOL FOR A SCRAPER
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FR3068275B1 (en) 2019-08-30
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