WO2019007001A1 - Regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace and direct reduction production method - Google Patents

Regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace and direct reduction production method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019007001A1
WO2019007001A1 PCT/CN2017/117763 CN2017117763W WO2019007001A1 WO 2019007001 A1 WO2019007001 A1 WO 2019007001A1 CN 2017117763 W CN2017117763 W CN 2017117763W WO 2019007001 A1 WO2019007001 A1 WO 2019007001A1
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burner
combustion
combustion chamber
burners
gas flow
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PCT/CN2017/117763
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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范小刚
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中冶南方工程技术有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of coal-based direct reduction, and particularly relates to a regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace and a direct reduction production method.
  • Direct reduction technology is mainly divided into two processes: gas-based and coal-based. Because China's coal resources are abundant, natural gas resources are scarce, and coal-to-gas technology is not mature enough, and coal-based direct reduction technology has received more and more attention. Although the world's direct reduction gas-based process accounts for more than 90%, the development of coal-based direct reduction technology is more in line with China's national conditions.
  • Coal-based direct reduction refers to a method of directly reducing metal oxides by using solid coal as a reducing agent, and coal-based direct reduction can use inexpensive non-coking coal as a reducing agent.
  • China's coal-based direct reduction technology mainly includes: rotary kiln, tunnel kiln, rotary hearth furnace, shaft furnace and other processes. Although these methods all use coal as a reducing agent, the effects of direct reduction are different because of the different operation modes of the devices, the different combustion and heating modes, and the different ways of moving and heating the reaction materials.
  • the coal-based direct reduction shaft furnace usually adopts an external heating method, which is called an external heat type shaft furnace, and is typically a KM method.
  • the reduction process is a multiphase pyrometallurgical physicochemical reaction between CO produced by gasification of carbon in coal at high temperature and iron oxide in iron ore.
  • the iron ore, coal and limestone are separately crushed and sieved, and the qualified fractions are mixed.
  • the mixture is added from the top of the shaft furnace.
  • the lower discharge mechanism rotates, the material gradually decreases in the reaction chamber of the shaft furnace.
  • the heating of the shaft furnace is carried out by using a gas or liquid fuel, and the heat of the combustion chamber is introduced into the reaction chamber of the shaft furnace through the silicon carbide brick wall to heat the charge.
  • the most important reduction conditions for the coal-based direct reduction process are the reduction temperature and the reducing atmosphere.
  • the reaction chamber is indirect heat transfer, and the combustion mode of the combustion chamber is very important.
  • the combustion mode and temperature uniformity of the combustion chamber affect the reduction effect, reaction speed, energy consumption and emission of flue gas pollutants in the shaft furnace.
  • the combustion heating method is basically the same as the KM method, that is, a number of burners are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber, and the direct combustion heating method is adopted, and the temperature of the flue gas is as high as 600-900. °C.
  • the flue gas waste heat recovery device is used to preheat the air or gas, due to the low efficiency of the heat exchanger, the preheating temperature can only reach 400-500 ° C, and the waste heat recovery rate of the flue gas is low.
  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace and a direct reduction production method, which can at least solve some of the defects of the prior art.
  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace including a combustion chamber and at least one reaction chamber, each of which has a partial section located in the combustion chamber, at least one of which is disposed on the combustion chamber a group of combustion devices, each set of said combustion device comprising a reversing valve, an air tube, a flue gas tube, a first gas flow tube and a second gas flow tube, each of said reversing valves having a first valve position and a second valve Positioning, in the first valve position, the first gas flow pipe is electrically connected to the air pipe and the second gas flow pipe is electrically connected to the flue gas pipe, at the second valve position The first gas flow pipe is electrically connected to the gas pipe and the second gas flow pipe is electrically connected to the air pipe; each of the first gas flow pipe and each of the second gas flow pipes are connected At least one burner, each of the burners being mounted on the combustion chamber and each connected to a regenerator.
  • each adjacent two burners constitute a pair of burner pairs, at least one of the burner pairs is satisfied: one of the burners is in the combustion mode, and the other burner is in the smoke exhaust mode, and The high velocity airflow at the front end of the combustion burner creates a suction effect on the region of the flue gas stream at the front end of the exhaust burner, thereby creating a local flue gas circulation within the combustion chamber.
  • the central axis of each of the burners is offset from the adjacent reaction chamber.
  • a plurality of the reaction chambers are included, and each of the reaction chambers is arranged in an array.
  • the combustion chamber has a rectangular parallelepiped or rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the burner is disposed on at least two side walls thereof.
  • the embodiment of the invention relates to a direct reduction production method, which adopts an external heat type coal-based shaft furnace to divide the burners arranged in the combustion chamber of the external heat type coal-based shaft furnace into two parts A and B, and a part A burner
  • part B burner is used for exhausting smoke.
  • part A burner is used for exhausting smoke
  • part B burner is used for combustion work
  • periodic rotation is performed to make the flue gas flow in the combustion chamber.
  • the field periodically changes, and under the blocking action of the reaction chamber in the combustion chamber, a turbulent flow field of smoke is formed in at least a partial region of the combustion chamber.
  • each of the burners is connected to a regenerator.
  • each adjacent two burners constitute a pair of burner pairs, at least one of the burner pairs is satisfied: one of the burners is in the combustion mode, and the other burner is in the smoke exhaust mode, and The high velocity airflow at the front end of the combustion burner creates a suction effect on the region of the flue gas stream at the front end of the exhaust burner, thereby creating a local flue gas circulation within the combustion chamber.
  • each of the burners can periodically rotate and burn by the reversing valve, thereby avoiding the disadvantage that the high temperature flame is excessively concentrated and causing a large temperature difference in different regions of the combustion chamber, and at the same time
  • the periodic change of the flue gas flow field in the combustion chamber is beneficial to reduce the dead zone in the combustion chamber, greatly improve the temperature uniformity in the combustion chamber, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the reduction reaction in each reaction chamber; in addition, passing through the flue gas flow field in the combustion chamber Cyclically changing, and based on the structure of the reaction chamber arranged in the combustion chamber, the flue gas collides with each reaction chamber during the flow, and can form a turbulent flow field in the combustion chamber, further reducing the death in the combustion chamber. Zone and increase temperature uniformity within the combustion chamber.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the arrangement structure of each reaction chamber and a combustion chamber of a shaft furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an arrangement structure of a burner on a combustion chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of one of the burners (the burners connected to the same gas flow tube) of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the working mode of a shaft furnace burning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of forming a local flue gas circulation in a combustion chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace, comprising a combustion chamber 2 and at least one reaction chamber 1, each of the reaction chamber 1 has a partial section located in the combustion chamber 2;
  • a plurality of reaction chambers 1 are used; generally, each reaction chamber 1 is vertically disposed, that is, each reaction chamber 1 is vertically disposed on the combustion chamber 2, and each reaction chamber 1 can be substantially accommodated in the combustion chamber 2, only the top feeding port and the bottom discharging port are located outside the combustion chamber 2, and only a part of the section is located in the combustion chamber 2; generally, each reaction chamber 1 is self-contained according to the reaction of the materials in the room.
  • the sub-step is divided into a preheating section, a reduction section and a cooling section, wherein if the added material is preheated outside the furnace, the preheating section may also be omitted, and the reduction section is to be accommodated in the combustion chamber 2, and the preheating section Then, it can be arranged in the combustion chamber 2 or outside the combustion chamber 2 according to actual needs; if the charge after reduction is cooled after being discharged from the reaction chamber, the cooling section can also be omitted.
  • the cooling section can also be omitted.
  • the concentration of internal heat prevents the smoke from diffusing around the preheating section and the cooling section, which can reduce the energy consumption; on the other hand, the building volume of the combustion chamber 2 can be reduced, the capital cost can be saved, and the design of the combustion chamber 2 can be facilitated.
  • the number of reaction chambers 1 and the area of the combustion chamber 2 can be configured according to the capacity, so that the production scale can be expanded. Since the positions of the reaction chambers 1 in the combustion chamber 2 are different, and the burners 3 are generally arranged on the side walls of the combustion chamber 2, the temperature uniformity in each region of the combustion chamber 2 is ensured for the reduction reaction in each reaction chamber 1. The uniformity is crucial.
  • the design of the above combustion chamber 2 is optimized as follows:
  • each set of the combustion devices includes a reversing valve 9, an air pipe 7, a flue gas pipe 8, a first gas flow pipe 5, and a second gas circulation.
  • a pipe 6, each of the reversing valves 9 having a first valve position and a second valve position, wherein the first gas flow pipe 5 is electrically connected to the air pipe 7 and the a second gas flow pipe 6 is electrically connected to the flue gas pipe 8, and in the second valve position, the first gas flow pipe 5 is electrically connected to the flue gas pipe 8 and the second gas flow pipe 6 is
  • the air tube 7 is electrically connected; each of the first gas flow tube 5 and each of the second gas flow tubes 6 is connected with at least one burner 3, and each of the burners 3 is mounted to the combustion chamber 2 on.
  • the above-mentioned directional control valve 9 is a four-way directional control valve 9, and the air pipe 7, the flue gas pipe 8, the first gas flow pipe 5 and the second gas flow pipe 6 are respectively connected to the four of the four-way directional control valve 9 On the mouth.
  • each burner 3 has a combustion mode and a smoke exhaust mode: in the first valve position, the first gas flow pipe 5 is electrically connected to the air pipe 7, and the burners 3 connected to the first gas flow pipe 5 are performed.
  • the burners 3 connected to the second gas flow pipe 6 perform the smoke exhausting operation; at the second valve position, the first gas flow pipe 5 is The flue gas pipe 8 is turned on, and the burners 3 connected to the first gas flow pipe 5 perform the smoke exhausting operation, and the second gas flow pipe 6 is electrically connected to the air pipe 7, and the second gas flow pipe 6 is connected to each other.
  • the burner 3 performs a combustion operation.
  • the periodic change of the airflow field is beneficial to reduce the dead zone in the combustion chamber 2, and greatly improve the temperature uniformity in the combustion chamber 2, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the reduction reaction in each reaction chamber 1;
  • the periodic variation of the flue gas flow field is based on the structure in which the plurality of reaction chambers 1 are arranged in the combustion chamber 2, and the flue gas collides with each reaction chamber 1 during the flow, bypassing, and turbulent flow can be formed in the combustion chamber 2.
  • the nature of the flue gas flow field further reduces the dead zone within the combustion chamber 2 and increases the temperature uniformity within the combustion chamber 2.
  • other valves may be used to implement the functions of the four-way directional control valve described above, which are easily replaced and changed by those skilled in the art according to the prior art, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the number of the burners 3 connected to the first gas flow pipe 5 and the number of the burners 3 connected to the second gas flow pipe 6 are preferably the same to ensure the uniformity of combustion and smoke exhaust in two adjacent cycles, thereby avoiding Large fluctuations in the temperature field in the combustion chamber 2.
  • the number of burners 3 connected to each gas flow pipe can be flexibly designed. Several design methods are exemplified below:
  • the number of burners 3 arranged on the combustion chamber 2 satisfies the heating demand thereof, and the burners 3 are evenly divided and divided into two groups, wherein one group of burners 3 are connected to the first gas flow tube 5, and the other The group burners 3 are all connected to the second gas flow tube 6;
  • the above b modes may be adopted, and other design modes may be adopted; for the larger-scale shaft furnace, it is preferable to adopt the above a or c.
  • the design method is convenient for management and cost saving, and the synchronization of the work between the burners 3 is ensured.
  • each burner 3 can also be flexibly designed, and several design methods are exemplified below:
  • the combustion chamber 2 having a rectangular parallelepiped structure and the above-mentioned a design are preferred embodiments (of course, the combustion chamber 2 of the cylindrical structure and other prismatic structures can also meet the demand; for other burner 3 number design methods, the prior art The personnel can accordingly design the burner 3 distribution, which is easy to implement); correspondingly:
  • Each of the burners 3 is distributed on two side walls of the combustion chamber 2 disposed opposite to each other, and the number of the burners 3 on the two side walls is the same, preferably one-to-one, one of the burners on one side wall 3 is connected to the first gas flow pipe 5, and each of the burners 3 on the other side wall is connected to the second gas flow pipe 6; in production, each of the burners 3 on one side wall is in a combustion mode, and Each of the burners 3 on one side wall is in a smoke exhaust mode, and a relatively stable directional flue gas flow can be formed in the combustion chamber 2, and a local turbulent flow field can also be formed under the blocking action of each reaction chamber 1.
  • Each burner 3 is distributed on two side walls of the combustion chamber 2 disposed opposite each other, and the number of the burners 3 on the two side walls is the same, preferably one-to-one, and each side of the side wall is fired.
  • the nozzle 3 is partially connected to the first gas flow pipe 5, and the other is connected to the second gas flow pipe 6 (preferably each half, that is, each of the burners 3 has half of the burners 3 and the A gas flow pipe 5 and a second gas flow pipe 6 are connected to ensure uniformity of combustion and smoke exhaust in two adjacent cycles; in production, a part of the burners 3 are in a combustion mode on both side walls, and a part of the burners are burned.
  • the nozzle 3 is in the exhaust mode, and a multi-directional flue gas flow can be formed in the combustion chamber 2, the cross convection collision probability of the flue gas is increased, and the uniformity of the temperature field in the combustion chamber 2 is improved, and under the blocking action of each reaction chamber 1, The turbulence in the combustion chamber 2 is further increased.
  • the burners 3 are arranged on the three side walls of the combustion chamber 2, and may be arranged uniformly on the three side walls, or the two side walls in which the two sides are opposite may be used as the main distribution area.
  • One side wall is an arrangement of the auxiliary distribution area; each of the burners 3 on each side wall may be connected to the same gas flow tube or may be connected to two gas flow tubes respectively; in this embodiment, preferably after use
  • two sidewalls of the combustion chamber 2 having a long length (in terms of horizontal section) are selected as the main burner 3 distribution area, and most of the burners 3 are distributed on the two side walls, and the arrangement direction may be the above 1) or 2), the remaining few burners 3 are arranged on the other side wall, the burner 3 on the other side wall is connected to the first gas flow tube 5, and the other part is connected to the second gas The flow tube 6 is connected.
  • the cross convection collision probability of the flue gas can be further increased, the uniformity of the temperature field in the combustion chamber 2 can be improved, and the combustion can be further improved under the blocking action of each reaction chamber 1. Flue gas turbulence in chamber 2.
  • Each burner 3 is arranged on the four side walls of the combustion chamber 2.
  • two lengthwise (horizontal cross-section) side walls of the combustion chamber 2 may be selected as the main burner 3 distribution area, and most of the burners 3 are distributed on the two side walls, and the other two The side wall is the auxiliary burner 3 distribution area.
  • the design of the burner 3 is arranged in four side walls to improve the balance of the multi-directional flow of the flue gas in the combustion chamber 2, and further improve the temperature field uniformity in the combustion chamber 2.
  • the heating capacity of the combustion chamber 2 can also be improved by increasing the number of layers (the number) of the burners 3 or increasing the burning ability of the burners 3.
  • a multi-layer burner layer can be formed on the combustion chamber 2 from top to bottom, and each layer of the burner layer comprises two rows to four rows of burners 3 in the same horizontal plane, and two rows of burners 3, two rows of burners 3 Arranged respectively on the side walls of the two combustion chambers 2 disposed opposite each other; when three rows of burners 3 are included, the three rows of burners 3 are respectively arranged on the three side walls of the combustion chamber 2; when four rows of burners 3 are included, Four rows of burners 3 are respectively arranged on the four side walls of the combustion chamber 2.
  • a plurality of burners 3 which are discretely distributed may be used in a group, or may be arranged in a row arranged vertically or horizontally.
  • the nozzles 3 are grouped together, or a group of burners 3 are used to form a group, etc., and those skilled in the art can perform corresponding adjustments or numerical simulations according to needs and field conditions (such as pipeline arrangement, etc.) to obtain an optimum combustion chamber temperature.
  • the field here is no longer a detailed description. 2 and FIG.
  • the burners 3 on both sides are arranged one by one, and each of the two opposite sides is disposed.
  • One of the burners 3 is connected to the first gas flow pipe 5, and the other is connected to the second gas flow pipe 6, and in each row/column burner 3, the gas flow pipe to which the adjacent two burners 3 are connected It is also different, that is, the operating modes of the two burners 3 are opposite at the same time.
  • the nozzles mounted on the combustion chamber 2 are preferably not aligned with the adjacent reaction chambers 1 to avoid local high temperature on the side walls of the reaction chamber 1, preferably, in the middle of each burner 3.
  • the axes are all offset from the adjacent reaction chambers 1, and the direction of blowing of each burner 3 is directed toward the intermediate portion of the combustion chamber 2, preferably perpendicular to the side wall of the combustion chamber 2 to which the burner 3 is mounted.
  • each reaction chamber 1 is arranged in an array to improve the uniformity of the reaction in each reaction chamber 1; correspondingly, each row of the reaction chamber 1 adjacent to the side wall of the combustion chamber 2 is on the side wall of the combustion chamber 2.
  • each of the reaction chambers 1 is arranged in a plurality of rows, the rows are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the adjacent two rows of reaction chambers 1 are arranged in a misaligned arrangement; each burner 3 is preferably arranged in a majority or all manner.
  • the burner 3 preferably by reasonable arrangement of the burner 3 (such as the pitch, the jet velocity or the exhaust velocity of the burner 3, the burning ability of the burner 3, etc.), so as to facilitate A local flue gas circulation is formed in the combustion chamber 2, in which, in the two burners 3 disposed adjacently, one of the burners 3 is in the combustion mode, and the other burner 3 is in the exhaust mode, the combustion burner 3
  • the high-speed airflow at the front end causes a suction effect on the flue gas flow region at the front end of the exhaust gas burner 3, thereby forming a local flue gas circulation in the combustion chamber 2, and the entrained flue gas can dilute the oxygen-containing volume concentration in the combustion reaction zone.
  • a pair of burner pairs is formed by each adjacent two burners 3, and at least one of the burner pairs satisfies the above combustion mode; one or more groups of burners may be disposed to conform to the above combustion mode; a burner 3 and a phase In each of the adjacent burners 3, one or more adjacent burners 3 may be in accordance with the above-mentioned combustion mode; or a reasonable design may be adopted to make each burner pair conform to the above combustion mode, such as the above In each row/column burner 3, the gas flow tubes connected to the adjacent two burners 3 are different, that is, the operation mode of the two burners 3 at the same time is opposite.
  • the spacing between the burners 3 of the same layer is substantially the same as the spacing between the adjacent two reaction chambers 1, and the two adjacent burners 3 are arranged.
  • the above combustion mode combined with the separation of the high-speed combustion gas stream and the flue gas stream of the two burners 3 adjacent to the two burners 3, can form a circulating gas stream 13 surrounding the reaction chamber 1 to improve combustion.
  • the uniformity of the temperature field in the chamber 2 and the uniformity of the temperature of each region in the reaction chamber 1 are when the reaction chamber 1 has a cylindrical or waist-round structure (the long side of the waist circle is parallel to the central axis of the burner 3) The effect is better.
  • the combustion chamber 2 is preferably a regenerative combustion system.
  • one burner 3 is provided with one regenerator 4, or a plurality of burners 3 of the same group can share a regenerator 4, that is,
  • Each of the first gas flow pipe 5 and each of the second gas flow pipes 6 is provided with a regenerator 4; or each of the burners 3 is connected to a corresponding gas flow pipe through a gas circulation branch, each of which A regenerator 4 is provided on the gas circulation branch pipe.
  • the regenerator 4 is provided with a heat storage body, and a ceramic material or the like can be used. This is a conventional technique in the field of the regenerative burner 3, and details are not described herein.
  • the regenerator 4 absorbs heat to reduce the exhaust gas temperature; when the burner 3 is burned, the combustion gas is preheated through the regenerator 4, and the regenerator 4 is placed. Heat, increasing the combustion temperature, enhances convection and radiation heat transfer inside the combustion chamber 2.
  • the air tube 7 is used for supplying combustion air, and each of the burners 3 is further connected with a fuel supply tube 12 for supplying gas, and the air nozzle and the gas nozzle in the burner 3 are independently set.
  • the combustion gas and the combustion air heated by the regenerator 4 are injected into the combustion chamber 2 by the burner 3 to be combusted.
  • Each of the fuel supply pipes 12 is provided with a control valve, and a shut-off valve can be used. When the corresponding burner 3 is in the combustion mode, the control valve is opened, and when the burner 3 is in the exhaust mode, the control valve is closed.
  • Each of the air pipes 7 can be connected to a blower 10, and each of the flue gas pipes 8 can be connected to an induced draft fan 11.
  • the regenerative combustion system is adopted, the waste heat recovery rate of the flue gas is up to 75%, the combustion air can be preheated to 800 to 1200 ° C, and the exhaust gas temperature can be lower than 200 ° C. Higher combustion temperatures can be achieved over a range of fuel calorific values. Compared with the conventional combustion system, it can save fuel by 40% to 60%, and can reduce harmful substances (SO 2 , NOx) emissions by 20 to 60%.
  • the commutation period of the system is preferably controlled within the range of 20 to 300 s.
  • each reaction chamber 1 includes a preheating section, a reducing section and a cooling section which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and each of the reducing sections is located in the combustion chamber 2, and each preheating section and each The cooling sections are all located outside of the combustion chamber 2.
  • the embodiment of the invention relates to a direct reduction production method, which adopts an external heat type coal-based shaft furnace to divide the burners arranged in the combustion chamber of the external heat type coal-based shaft furnace into two parts A and B, and a part A burner
  • part B burner is used for exhausting smoke.
  • part A burner is used for exhausting smoke
  • part B burner is used for combustion work
  • periodic rotation is performed to make the flue gas flow in the combustion chamber.
  • the field periodically changes, and under the blocking action of the reaction chamber in the combustion chamber, a turbulent flow field of smoke is formed in at least a partial region of the combustion chamber.
  • the above-mentioned external heat type coal-based shaft furnace is preferably a regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace provided by the above-mentioned first embodiment, and the specific structure thereof will not be described herein.
  • each of the burners is connected to a regenerator to constitute a regenerative combustion system.
  • each adjacent two burners constitute a pair of burner pairs, at least one of the burner pairs is satisfied: one of the burners is in the combustion mode, and the other burner is in the smoke exhaust mode, and The high velocity airflow at the front end of the combustion burner creates a suction effect on the region of the flue gas stream at the front end of the exhaust burner, thereby creating a local flue gas circulation within the combustion chamber.

Abstract

A regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace, where a combustion chamber (2) is provided with at least one set of combustion devices, each of which comprises a reversing valve (9), an air pipe (7), a smoke pipe (8), a first gas circulating pipe (5), and a second gas circulating pipe (6); the reversing valve has a first valve position and a second valve position; the first gas circulating pipe communicates with the air pipe and the second gas circulating pipe communicates with the smoke pipe when the reversing valve is at the first valve position, and the first gas circulating pipe communicates with the smoke pipe and the second gas circulating pipe communicates with the air pipe when the reversing valve is at the second valve position; the first gas circulating pipe and the second gas circulating pipe are each connected to a burner (3), and the burner is connected to a regenerative chamber (4). A direct reduction production method, where a burner provided inside a combustion chamber of an external heating type coal-based shaft furnace comprises two parts, i.e., part A and part B; when part A of the burner performs combustion work, part B of the burner is used for discharging smoke, and after a preset period of running, part A of the burner is used for discharging smoke and part B of the burner performs the combustion work. Such an alternation is periodically performed, so that a smoke flow field in the combustion chamber changes periodically and the temperature uniformity in the combustion chamber is improved.

Description

一种蓄热燃烧式煤基竖炉及一种直接还原生产方法Regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace and direct reduction production method 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于煤基直接还原技术领域，具体涉及一种蓄热燃烧式煤基竖炉及一种直接还原生产方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of coal-based direct reduction, and particularly relates to a regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace and a direct reduction production method.
背景技术Background technique
直接还原技术，主要分为气基和煤基两种工艺。由于我国煤炭资源丰富，天然气资源匮乏，而煤制气技术还不够成熟，煤基直接还原技术受到越来越多的关注。尽管世界上直接还原气基工艺占90％以上，但是发展煤基直接还原技术，更符合我国的国情。Direct reduction technology is mainly divided into two processes: gas-based and coal-based. Because China's coal resources are abundant, natural gas resources are scarce, and coal-to-gas technology is not mature enough, and coal-based direct reduction technology has received more and more attention. Although the world's direct reduction gas-based process accounts for more than 90%, the development of coal-based direct reduction technology is more in line with China's national conditions.
煤基直接还原是指直接以固体煤作还原剂对金属氧化物进行还原的方法，煤基直接还原可使用廉价的非焦煤作为还原剂。我国煤基直接还原技术主要有：回转窑、隧道窑、转底炉、竖炉等工艺方法。这些方法虽然都以煤作为还原剂，但由于这些装置的设备运行方式不同、燃烧加热方式不同、反应料移动受热方式不同，直接还原的效果也不同。Coal-based direct reduction refers to a method of directly reducing metal oxides by using solid coal as a reducing agent, and coal-based direct reduction can use inexpensive non-coking coal as a reducing agent. China's coal-based direct reduction technology mainly includes: rotary kiln, tunnel kiln, rotary hearth furnace, shaft furnace and other processes. Although these methods all use coal as a reducing agent, the effects of direct reduction are different because of the different operation modes of the devices, the different combustion and heating modes, and the different ways of moving and heating the reaction materials.
煤基直接还原竖炉通常采用外加热方式，被称为外热式竖炉，典型的如KM法。还原过程是煤中的碳在高温下气化生成的CO与铁矿石中铁氧化物发生多相高温冶金物化反应。铁矿石、煤与石灰石被分别破碎、筛分，取合格粒级配料混合，混合料从竖炉顶部加入，随着下部排料机构转动，物料在竖炉反应室内逐步下降。竖炉燃烧室的加热采用气体或液体燃料，燃烧室的热量通过碳化硅砖墙传入竖炉反应室内，加热炉料。The coal-based direct reduction shaft furnace usually adopts an external heating method, which is called an external heat type shaft furnace, and is typically a KM method. The reduction process is a multiphase pyrometallurgical physicochemical reaction between CO produced by gasification of carbon in coal at high temperature and iron oxide in iron ore. The iron ore, coal and limestone are separately crushed and sieved, and the qualified fractions are mixed. The mixture is added from the top of the shaft furnace. As the lower discharge mechanism rotates, the material gradually decreases in the reaction chamber of the shaft furnace. The heating of the shaft furnace is carried out by using a gas or liquid fuel, and the heat of the combustion chamber is introduced into the reaction chamber of the shaft furnace through the silicon carbide brick wall to heat the charge.
煤基直接还原工艺最重要的还原条件是还原温度和还原气氛。对于外热式竖炉，反应室是间接传热，燃烧室的燃烧方式十分重要。燃烧室的燃烧方式及温度均匀性影响竖炉内的还原效果、反应速度、能耗、烟气污染物排放。The most important reduction conditions for the coal-based direct reduction process are the reduction temperature and the reducing atmosphere. For the external heat type shaft furnace, the reaction chamber is indirect heat transfer, and the combustion mode of the combustion chamber is very important. The combustion mode and temperature uniformity of the combustion chamber affect the reduction effect, reaction speed, energy consumption and emission of flue gas pollutants in the shaft furnace.
目前，国内出现了与KM法类似的煤基竖炉装置，其燃烧加热方式和KM法基本相同，即在燃烧室侧壁设置若干烧嘴，采用直接燃烧加热方式，烟气温度高达600～900℃。尽管采用了烟气余热回收装置，对空气或燃气进行预热，但由于换热器效率低，预热温度仅能达到400～500℃，烟气的余热回收率较低。At present, there is a coal-based shaft furnace device similar to the KM method in China. The combustion heating method is basically the same as the KM method, that is, a number of burners are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber, and the direct combustion heating method is adopted, and the temperature of the flue gas is as high as 600-900. °C. Although the flue gas waste heat recovery device is used to preheat the air or gas, due to the low efficiency of the heat exchanger, the preheating temperature can only reach 400-500 ° C, and the waste heat recovery rate of the flue gas is low.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明实施例涉及一种蓄热燃烧式煤基竖炉及一种直接还原生产方法，至少可解决现有技术的部分缺陷。Embodiments of the present invention relate to a regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace and a direct reduction production method, which can at least solve some of the defects of the prior art.
本发明实施例涉及一种蓄热燃烧式煤基竖炉，包括燃烧室和至少一个反应室，每一所述反应室有部分区段位于所述燃烧室内，所述燃烧室上布置有至少一组燃烧装置，每组所述燃 烧装置包括换向阀、空气管、烟气管、第一气体流通管和第二气体流通管，每一所述换向阀具有第一阀位和第二阀位，在所述第一阀位，所述第一气体流通管与所述空气管导通且所述第二气体流通管与所述烟气管导通，在所述第二阀位，所述第一气体流通管与所述烟气管导通且所述第二气体流通管与所述空气管导通；各所述第一气体流通管及各所述第二气体流通管均连接有至少一个烧嘴，各所述烧嘴均安装于所述燃烧室上且均连接有蓄热室。Embodiments of the present invention relate to a regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace including a combustion chamber and at least one reaction chamber, each of which has a partial section located in the combustion chamber, at least one of which is disposed on the combustion chamber a group of combustion devices, each set of said combustion device comprising a reversing valve, an air tube, a flue gas tube, a first gas flow tube and a second gas flow tube, each of said reversing valves having a first valve position and a second valve Positioning, in the first valve position, the first gas flow pipe is electrically connected to the air pipe and the second gas flow pipe is electrically connected to the flue gas pipe, at the second valve position The first gas flow pipe is electrically connected to the gas pipe and the second gas flow pipe is electrically connected to the air pipe; each of the first gas flow pipe and each of the second gas flow pipes are connected At least one burner, each of the burners being mounted on the combustion chamber and each connected to a regenerator.
作为实施例之一，每相邻两只烧嘴构成一组烧嘴对，至少其中一组烧嘴对满足：其中一只烧嘴处于燃烧模式时，另一只烧嘴处于排烟模式，且燃烧烧嘴前端的高速气流对排烟烧嘴前端的烟气流区域产生卷吸作用，从而在燃烧室内形成局部烟气循环。As one of the embodiments, each adjacent two burners constitute a pair of burner pairs, at least one of the burner pairs is satisfied: one of the burners is in the combustion mode, and the other burner is in the smoke exhaust mode, and The high velocity airflow at the front end of the combustion burner creates a suction effect on the region of the flue gas stream at the front end of the exhaust burner, thereby creating a local flue gas circulation within the combustion chamber.
作为实施例之一，每一所述烧嘴的中轴线均偏离相邻的所述反应室设置。As one of the embodiments, the central axis of each of the burners is offset from the adjacent reaction chamber.
作为实施例之一，包括有多个所述反应室，各所述反应室呈阵列布置。As one of the embodiments, a plurality of the reaction chambers are included, and each of the reaction chambers is arranged in an array.
作为实施例之一，所述燃烧室呈正方体或长方体结构，且其至少两个侧壁上布置有所述烧嘴。As one of the embodiments, the combustion chamber has a rectangular parallelepiped or rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the burner is disposed on at least two side walls thereof.
本发明实施例涉及一种直接还原生产方法，采用外热式煤基竖炉，将所述外热式煤基竖炉的燃烧室内布置的烧嘴分为A、B两部分，A部分烧嘴进行燃烧工作时，B部分烧嘴用于排烟，运行至预定时间后，A部分烧嘴用于排烟，B部分烧嘴进行燃烧工作，并进行周期性轮换，使得燃烧室内的烟气流场周期性变化，且在燃烧室内反应室的阻挡作用下，在燃烧室内的至少局部区域形成烟气紊流场。The embodiment of the invention relates to a direct reduction production method, which adopts an external heat type coal-based shaft furnace to divide the burners arranged in the combustion chamber of the external heat type coal-based shaft furnace into two parts A and B, and a part A burner When performing combustion work, part B burner is used for exhausting smoke. After running for a predetermined time, part A burner is used for exhausting smoke, part B burner is used for combustion work, and periodic rotation is performed to make the flue gas flow in the combustion chamber. The field periodically changes, and under the blocking action of the reaction chamber in the combustion chamber, a turbulent flow field of smoke is formed in at least a partial region of the combustion chamber.
作为实施例之一，各烧嘴均连接有蓄热室。As one of the embodiments, each of the burners is connected to a regenerator.
作为实施例之一，每相邻两只烧嘴构成一组烧嘴对，至少其中一组烧嘴对满足：其中一只烧嘴处于燃烧模式时，另一只烧嘴处于排烟模式，且燃烧烧嘴前端的高速气流对排烟烧嘴前端的烟气流区域产生卷吸作用，从而在燃烧室内形成局部烟气循环。As one of the embodiments, each adjacent two burners constitute a pair of burner pairs, at least one of the burner pairs is satisfied: one of the burners is in the combustion mode, and the other burner is in the smoke exhaust mode, and The high velocity airflow at the front end of the combustion burner creates a suction effect on the region of the flue gas stream at the front end of the exhaust burner, thereby creating a local flue gas circulation within the combustion chamber.
本发明实施例至少具有如下有益效果：通过换向阀周期性地动作，各烧嘴可以实现周期性地轮换燃烧，避免高温火焰过分集中而导致燃烧室内不同区域温度差异较大的缺点，同时可使燃烧室内烟气流场周期性改变，有利于减少燃烧室内的死区，大幅提高燃烧室内的温度均匀性，从而保证各反应室内还原反应的均匀性；另外，通过燃烧室内烟气流场的周期性变化，并基于燃烧室内布置反应室的结构，烟气在流动过程中与各反应室发生碰撞、绕行，可在燃烧室内形成紊流性质的烟气流场，进一步减少燃烧室内的死区，且提高燃烧室内的温度均匀性。The embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: each of the burners can periodically rotate and burn by the reversing valve, thereby avoiding the disadvantage that the high temperature flame is excessively concentrated and causing a large temperature difference in different regions of the combustion chamber, and at the same time The periodic change of the flue gas flow field in the combustion chamber is beneficial to reduce the dead zone in the combustion chamber, greatly improve the temperature uniformity in the combustion chamber, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the reduction reaction in each reaction chamber; in addition, passing through the flue gas flow field in the combustion chamber Cyclically changing, and based on the structure of the reaction chamber arranged in the combustion chamber, the flue gas collides with each reaction chamber during the flow, and can form a turbulent flow field in the combustion chamber, further reducing the death in the combustion chamber. Zone and increase temperature uniformity within the combustion chamber.
附图说明DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术 描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any creative work.
图1为本发明实施例提供的竖炉各反应室与燃烧室的布置结构示意图；1 is a schematic view showing the arrangement structure of each reaction chamber and a combustion chamber of a shaft furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的烧嘴在燃烧室上的布置结构示意图；2 is a schematic view showing an arrangement structure of a burner on a combustion chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为图2中的其中一组烧嘴(与同一气体流通管连接的各烧嘴)的布置结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of one of the burners (the burners connected to the same gas flow tube) of Figure 2;
图4为本发明实施例提供的竖炉燃烧装置的工作方式示意图；4 is a schematic view showing the working mode of a shaft furnace burning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例提供的在燃烧室内形成局部烟气循环的示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of forming a local flue gas circulation in a combustion chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.
实施例一Embodiment 1
如图1，本发明实施例提供一种蓄热燃烧式煤基竖炉，包括燃烧室2和至少一个反应室1，每一所述反应室1有部分区段位于所述燃烧室2内；其中，优选为采用多个反应室1；一般地，各反应室1均竖直设置，即各反应室1均竖直穿设于燃烧室2上，各反应室1可基本收容在该燃烧室2内而只留顶部加料口与底部卸料口位于燃烧室2外，也可仅有部分区段位于该燃烧室2内；一般地，每一反应室1依据室内物料反应的不同而自上至下依次分为预热段、还原段和冷却段，其中，如加入的物料事先已在炉外预热，则预热段也可省略，还原段需收容于燃烧室2内，预热段则可视实际需要布置于燃烧室2内或燃烧室2外；还原之后的炉料如果从反应室排出后冷却，则冷却段也可省略。本实施例中，如图1，优选为仅设置各反应室1的还原段被收容于燃烧室2内，各预热段及各冷却段均位于燃烧室2外，一方面可保证燃烧室2内热量的集中性，避免烟气弥散在预热段、冷却段周围，可降低能耗；另一方面，可减小燃烧室2建筑体积，节约基建成本，且便于燃烧室2的设计。基于上述设计，可根据产能需要配置反应室1数量及燃烧室2面积，便于扩大生产规模。由于各反应室1在燃烧室2内所处的位置不同，而烧嘴3一般布置在燃烧室2的侧壁上，因此保证燃烧室2内各区域温度均匀性对各反应室1内还原反应的均匀性是至关重要的。1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace, comprising a combustion chamber 2 and at least one reaction chamber 1, each of the reaction chamber 1 has a partial section located in the combustion chamber 2; Preferably, a plurality of reaction chambers 1 are used; generally, each reaction chamber 1 is vertically disposed, that is, each reaction chamber 1 is vertically disposed on the combustion chamber 2, and each reaction chamber 1 can be substantially accommodated in the combustion chamber 2, only the top feeding port and the bottom discharging port are located outside the combustion chamber 2, and only a part of the section is located in the combustion chamber 2; generally, each reaction chamber 1 is self-contained according to the reaction of the materials in the room. The sub-step is divided into a preheating section, a reduction section and a cooling section, wherein if the added material is preheated outside the furnace, the preheating section may also be omitted, and the reduction section is to be accommodated in the combustion chamber 2, and the preheating section Then, it can be arranged in the combustion chamber 2 or outside the combustion chamber 2 according to actual needs; if the charge after reduction is cooled after being discharged from the reaction chamber, the cooling section can also be omitted. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable that only the reduction section of each reaction chamber 1 is accommodated in the combustion chamber 2, and each preheating section and each cooling section are located outside the combustion chamber 2, and on the one hand, the combustion chamber 2 can be secured. The concentration of internal heat prevents the smoke from diffusing around the preheating section and the cooling section, which can reduce the energy consumption; on the other hand, the building volume of the combustion chamber 2 can be reduced, the capital cost can be saved, and the design of the combustion chamber 2 can be facilitated. Based on the above design, the number of reaction chambers 1 and the area of the combustion chamber 2 can be configured according to the capacity, so that the production scale can be expanded. Since the positions of the reaction chambers 1 in the combustion chamber 2 are different, and the burners 3 are generally arranged on the side walls of the combustion chamber 2, the temperature uniformity in each region of the combustion chamber 2 is ensured for the reduction reaction in each reaction chamber 1. The uniformity is crucial.
本实施例中，对上述燃烧室2的设计优化如下：In this embodiment, the design of the above combustion chamber 2 is optimized as follows:
如图4，所述燃烧室2上布置有至少一组燃烧装置，每组所述燃烧装置包括换向阀9、空 气管7、烟气管8、第一气体流通管5和第二气体流通管6，每一所述换向阀9具有第一阀位和第二阀位，在所述第一阀位，所述第一气体流通管5与所述空气管7导通且所述第二气体流通管6与所述烟气管8导通，在所述第二阀位，所述第一气体流通管5与所述烟气管8导通且所述第二气体流通管6与所述空气管7导通；各所述第一气体流通管5及各所述第二气体流通管6均连接有至少一个烧嘴3，各所述烧嘴3均安装于所述燃烧室2上。As shown in FIG. 4, at least one set of combustion devices is disposed on the combustion chamber 2, and each set of the combustion devices includes a reversing valve 9, an air pipe 7, a flue gas pipe 8, a first gas flow pipe 5, and a second gas circulation. a pipe 6, each of the reversing valves 9 having a first valve position and a second valve position, wherein the first gas flow pipe 5 is electrically connected to the air pipe 7 and the a second gas flow pipe 6 is electrically connected to the flue gas pipe 8, and in the second valve position, the first gas flow pipe 5 is electrically connected to the flue gas pipe 8 and the second gas flow pipe 6 is The air tube 7 is electrically connected; each of the first gas flow tube 5 and each of the second gas flow tubes 6 is connected with at least one burner 3, and each of the burners 3 is mounted to the combustion chamber 2 on.
上述的换向阀9即为四通换向阀9，空气管7、烟气管8、第一气体流通管5和第二气体流通管6分别连接于该四通换向阀9的四个通口上。通过上述设计，使得各烧嘴3具有燃烧模式和排烟模式：在第一阀位，第一气体流通管5与空气管7导通，该第一气体流通管5连接的各烧嘴3进行燃烧工作，而第二气体流通管6与烟气管8导通，则该第二气体流通管6连接的各烧嘴3进行排烟工作；在第二阀位，第一气体流通管5与烟气管8导通，该第一气体流通管5连接的各烧嘴3进行排烟工作，而第二气体流通管6与空气管7导通，则该第二气体流通管6连接的各烧嘴3进行燃烧工作。通过换向阀9周期性地动作，可使得各烧嘴3周期性地轮换燃烧，避免高温火焰过分集中而导致燃烧室2内不同区域温度差异较大的缺点，同时可使燃烧室2内烟气流场周期性改变，有利于减少燃烧室2内的死区，大幅提高燃烧室2内的温度均匀性，从而保证各反应室1内还原反应的均匀性；另外，通过上述燃烧室2内烟气流场的周期性变化，并基于燃烧室2内布置多个反应室1的结构，烟气在流动过程中与各反应室1发生碰撞、绕行，可在燃烧室2内形成紊流性质的烟气流场，进一步减少燃烧室2内的死区，且提高燃烧室2内的温度均匀性。当然，也可以采用其它阀门以实现上述四通换向阀的功能，这是本领域技术人员根据现有技术易于进行替换、改变的，此处不一一详述。The above-mentioned directional control valve 9 is a four-way directional control valve 9, and the air pipe 7, the flue gas pipe 8, the first gas flow pipe 5 and the second gas flow pipe 6 are respectively connected to the four of the four-way directional control valve 9 On the mouth. Through the above design, each burner 3 has a combustion mode and a smoke exhaust mode: in the first valve position, the first gas flow pipe 5 is electrically connected to the air pipe 7, and the burners 3 connected to the first gas flow pipe 5 are performed. When the combustion operation is performed, and the second gas flow pipe 6 is electrically connected to the flue gas pipe 8, the burners 3 connected to the second gas flow pipe 6 perform the smoke exhausting operation; at the second valve position, the first gas flow pipe 5 is The flue gas pipe 8 is turned on, and the burners 3 connected to the first gas flow pipe 5 perform the smoke exhausting operation, and the second gas flow pipe 6 is electrically connected to the air pipe 7, and the second gas flow pipe 6 is connected to each other. The burner 3 performs a combustion operation. By periodically operating the reversing valve 9, the burners 3 can be periodically rotated to avoid the disadvantage that the high temperature flame is excessively concentrated, resulting in a large temperature difference in different regions of the combustion chamber 2, and the inside of the combustion chamber 2 can be smoked. The periodic change of the airflow field is beneficial to reduce the dead zone in the combustion chamber 2, and greatly improve the temperature uniformity in the combustion chamber 2, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the reduction reaction in each reaction chamber 1; The periodic variation of the flue gas flow field is based on the structure in which the plurality of reaction chambers 1 are arranged in the combustion chamber 2, and the flue gas collides with each reaction chamber 1 during the flow, bypassing, and turbulent flow can be formed in the combustion chamber 2. The nature of the flue gas flow field further reduces the dead zone within the combustion chamber 2 and increases the temperature uniformity within the combustion chamber 2. Of course, other valves may be used to implement the functions of the four-way directional control valve described above, which are easily replaced and changed by those skilled in the art according to the prior art, and will not be described in detail herein.
上述第一气体流通管5连接的烧嘴3的数量与第二气体流通管6连接的烧嘴3的数量优选为相同，以保证相邻两个周期内燃烧及排烟的均匀性，避免造成燃烧室2内温度场的大幅度波动。而各气体流通管连接的烧嘴3的数量可灵活设计，以下例举几种设计方式：The number of the burners 3 connected to the first gas flow pipe 5 and the number of the burners 3 connected to the second gas flow pipe 6 are preferably the same to ensure the uniformity of combustion and smoke exhaust in two adjacent cycles, thereby avoiding Large fluctuations in the temperature field in the combustion chamber 2. The number of burners 3 connected to each gas flow pipe can be flexibly designed. Several design methods are exemplified below:
a.燃烧室2上布置的烧嘴3的数量满足其供热需求，烧嘴3为偶数个且均分为两组，其中一组烧嘴3均与第一气体流通管5连接，另一组烧嘴3均与第二气体流通管6连接；a. The number of burners 3 arranged on the combustion chamber 2 satisfies the heating demand thereof, and the burners 3 are evenly divided and divided into two groups, wherein one group of burners 3 are connected to the first gas flow tube 5, and the other The group burners 3 are all connected to the second gas flow tube 6;
b.设置多组上述的燃烧装置，各第一气体流通管5及各第二气体流通管6连接的烧嘴3的数量均为一个；b. providing a plurality of sets of the above-mentioned combustion devices, the number of burners 3 connected to each of the first gas flow pipe 5 and each of the second gas flow pipes 6 is one;
c.设置多组上述的燃烧装置，各第一气体流通管5及各第二气体流通管6连接的烧嘴3的数量均为多个；c. a plurality of sets of the above-mentioned combustion devices are provided, and the number of the burners 3 connected to each of the first gas flow pipe 5 and each of the second gas flow pipes 6 is plural;
其中，对于小规模的竖炉，由于其烧嘴3的总数量不大，可采用上述b种方式，也可采用其它设计方式；对于较大规模的竖炉，则优选为采用上述a或c种设计方式，以便于管理 及节约成本，保证各烧嘴3间工作的同步性。Among them, for the small-scale shaft furnace, since the total number of the burners 3 is not large, the above b modes may be adopted, and other design modes may be adopted; for the larger-scale shaft furnace, it is preferable to adopt the above a or c. The design method is convenient for management and cost saving, and the synchronization of the work between the burners 3 is ensured.
进一步地，各烧嘴3的分布方式也可灵活设计，以下例举几种设计方式：Further, the distribution manner of each burner 3 can also be flexibly designed, and several design methods are exemplified below:
以长方体结构的燃烧室2以及采用上述a种设计方式为优选实施例(当然圆柱体结构、其它棱柱体结构的燃烧室2也可满足需求；对于其他的烧嘴3数量设计方式，本领域技术人员可相应进行烧嘴3分布设计，这是易于实现的)；相应地：The combustion chamber 2 having a rectangular parallelepiped structure and the above-mentioned a design are preferred embodiments (of course, the combustion chamber 2 of the cylindrical structure and other prismatic structures can also meet the demand; for other burner 3 number design methods, the prior art The personnel can accordingly design the burner 3 distribution, which is easy to implement); correspondingly:
1)各烧嘴3分布于燃烧室2的正对设置的两个侧壁上，两侧壁上的烧嘴3数量相同，优选为一一正对布置，其中一侧壁上的各烧嘴3均与第一气体流通管5连接，另一侧壁上的各烧嘴3均与第二气体流通管6连接；生产时，其中一侧壁上的各烧嘴3均处于燃烧模式，另一侧壁上的各烧嘴3均处于排烟模式，可在燃烧室2内形成相对稳定的定向烟气气流，在各反应室1的阻挡作用下也可形成局部的紊流场。1) Each of the burners 3 is distributed on two side walls of the combustion chamber 2 disposed opposite to each other, and the number of the burners 3 on the two side walls is the same, preferably one-to-one, one of the burners on one side wall 3 is connected to the first gas flow pipe 5, and each of the burners 3 on the other side wall is connected to the second gas flow pipe 6; in production, each of the burners 3 on one side wall is in a combustion mode, and Each of the burners 3 on one side wall is in a smoke exhaust mode, and a relatively stable directional flue gas flow can be formed in the combustion chamber 2, and a local turbulent flow field can also be formed under the blocking action of each reaction chamber 1.
2)各烧嘴3分布于燃烧室2的正对设置的两个侧壁上，两侧壁上的烧嘴3数量相同，优选为一一正对布置，每侧的侧壁上的各烧嘴3中，部分与第一气体流通管5连接，其余的与第二气体流通管6连接(优选为各占一半，即每侧的烧嘴3中，各有一半的烧嘴3分别与第一气体流通管5和第二气体流通管6连接，以保证相邻两个周期内燃烧及排烟的均匀性)；生产时，两侧壁上均有一部分烧嘴3处于燃烧模式，一部分烧嘴3处于排烟模式，可在燃烧室2内形成多向烟气气流，提高烟气的交叉对流碰撞几率，提高燃烧室2内温度场的均匀性，在各反应室1的阻挡作用下，进一步提高燃烧室2内的紊流度。2) Each burner 3 is distributed on two side walls of the combustion chamber 2 disposed opposite each other, and the number of the burners 3 on the two side walls is the same, preferably one-to-one, and each side of the side wall is fired. The nozzle 3 is partially connected to the first gas flow pipe 5, and the other is connected to the second gas flow pipe 6 (preferably each half, that is, each of the burners 3 has half of the burners 3 and the A gas flow pipe 5 and a second gas flow pipe 6 are connected to ensure uniformity of combustion and smoke exhaust in two adjacent cycles; in production, a part of the burners 3 are in a combustion mode on both side walls, and a part of the burners are burned. The nozzle 3 is in the exhaust mode, and a multi-directional flue gas flow can be formed in the combustion chamber 2, the cross convection collision probability of the flue gas is increased, and the uniformity of the temperature field in the combustion chamber 2 is improved, and under the blocking action of each reaction chamber 1, The turbulence in the combustion chamber 2 is further increased.
3)各烧嘴3布置于燃烧室2的三个侧壁上，可采用均匀分布在三个侧壁上的布置方式，也可以采用以其中正对的两个侧壁为主要分布区而另一个侧壁为辅助分布区的布置方式；每个侧壁上的各烧嘴3可以均与同一气体流通管连接，也可分别与两个气体流通管连接；本实施例中，优选为采用后种方向，选用燃烧室2的两个长度较长(以水平截面计)的侧壁为主要的烧嘴3分布区，多数的烧嘴3分布在该两侧壁上，布置方向可采用上述第1)或第2)种布置方式，其余少数的烧嘴3布置在另一侧壁上，该另一侧壁上的烧嘴3一部分与第一气体流通管5连接，另一部分与第二气体流通管6连接。通过进一步在第三个侧壁上设置烧嘴3，可进一步增大烟气的交叉对流碰撞几率，提高燃烧室2内温度场的均匀性，在各反应室1的阻挡作用下，进一步提高燃烧室2内的烟气紊流度。3) The burners 3 are arranged on the three side walls of the combustion chamber 2, and may be arranged uniformly on the three side walls, or the two side walls in which the two sides are opposite may be used as the main distribution area. One side wall is an arrangement of the auxiliary distribution area; each of the burners 3 on each side wall may be connected to the same gas flow tube or may be connected to two gas flow tubes respectively; in this embodiment, preferably after use In the direction, two sidewalls of the combustion chamber 2 having a long length (in terms of horizontal section) are selected as the main burner 3 distribution area, and most of the burners 3 are distributed on the two side walls, and the arrangement direction may be the above 1) or 2), the remaining few burners 3 are arranged on the other side wall, the burner 3 on the other side wall is connected to the first gas flow tube 5, and the other part is connected to the second gas The flow tube 6 is connected. By further providing the burner 3 on the third side wall, the cross convection collision probability of the flue gas can be further increased, the uniformity of the temperature field in the combustion chamber 2 can be improved, and the combustion can be further improved under the blocking action of each reaction chamber 1. Flue gas turbulence in chamber 2.
4)各烧嘴3布置在燃烧室2的四个侧壁上。同样地，可以采取选用燃烧室2的两个长度较长(以水平截面计)的侧壁为主要的烧嘴3分布区，多数的烧嘴3分布在该两侧壁上，而另两个侧壁为辅助的烧嘴3分布区。相较于上述第3)种方式，采用四个侧壁均布置烧嘴3的设计方式可提高燃烧室2内烟气多向流通的均衡性，进一步提高燃烧室2内的温度场均匀 性。4) Each burner 3 is arranged on the four side walls of the combustion chamber 2. Similarly, two lengthwise (horizontal cross-section) side walls of the combustion chamber 2 may be selected as the main burner 3 distribution area, and most of the burners 3 are distributed on the two side walls, and the other two The side wall is the auxiliary burner 3 distribution area. Compared with the above third mode, the design of the burner 3 is arranged in four side walls to improve the balance of the multi-directional flow of the flue gas in the combustion chamber 2, and further improve the temperature field uniformity in the combustion chamber 2.
其中，对于小规模的竖炉，由于其反应室1的数量不大，优选为采用上述第1)或第2)种方式；对于较大规模的竖炉，则优选为采用上述第3)或第4)种设计方式，也可以通过增加烧嘴3的层数(数量)或增加烧嘴3的燃烧能力，以提高燃烧室2的供热能力。Wherein, for the small-scale shaft furnace, since the number of the reaction chambers 1 is not large, it is preferable to adopt the above-mentioned first or second type; and for the larger-scale shaft furnace, it is preferable to adopt the above-mentioned 3) or In the fourth design, the heating capacity of the combustion chamber 2 can also be improved by increasing the number of layers (the number) of the burners 3 or increasing the burning ability of the burners 3.
进一步优化上述烧嘴3的布局设计方式，如图2和图3，为提高燃烧室2内各区域温度的均匀性，优选为设计各侧壁上的烧嘴3呈阵列布置方式，进一步地，自上而下可在燃烧室2上形成多层烧嘴层，每层烧嘴层包括位于同一水平面内的两排～四排烧嘴3，包括两排烧嘴3时，两排烧嘴3分别布置于正对设置的两个燃烧室2侧壁上；包括三排烧嘴3时，三排烧嘴3分别布置于燃烧室2的三个侧壁上；包括四排烧嘴3时，四排烧嘴3分别布置于燃烧室2的四个侧壁上。在进行烧嘴3的分组以使得同组的各烧嘴3连接同一气体流通管时，可以采用离散分布的多个烧嘴3组成一组，也可以沿竖向或水平向排列的一排烧嘴3组成一组，或者采用一层烧嘴3组成一组等，本领域技术人员可根据需要以及现场工况(如管线布置等)进行相应调节或进行数值模拟以获得最佳的燃烧室温度场，具体此处不再一一赘述。如图2和图3，是一种优选的实施例，在该实施例中，采用上述第2)种设计方式，两侧的烧嘴3一一正对布置，且各正对设置的两个烧嘴3中，其一与第一气体流通管5连接，另一与第二气体流通管6连接，而每一排/列烧嘴3中，相邻两烧嘴3所连接的气体流通管也不相同，即同一时刻该两烧嘴3的工作模式相反。Further optimizing the layout design of the burner 3, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in order to improve the uniformity of the temperature of each region in the combustion chamber 2, it is preferable to design the burners 3 on each side wall in an array arrangement manner, further, A multi-layer burner layer can be formed on the combustion chamber 2 from top to bottom, and each layer of the burner layer comprises two rows to four rows of burners 3 in the same horizontal plane, and two rows of burners 3, two rows of burners 3 Arranged respectively on the side walls of the two combustion chambers 2 disposed opposite each other; when three rows of burners 3 are included, the three rows of burners 3 are respectively arranged on the three side walls of the combustion chamber 2; when four rows of burners 3 are included, Four rows of burners 3 are respectively arranged on the four side walls of the combustion chamber 2. When the grouping of the burners 3 is performed such that the burners 3 of the same group are connected to the same gas flow tube, a plurality of burners 3 which are discretely distributed may be used in a group, or may be arranged in a row arranged vertically or horizontally. The nozzles 3 are grouped together, or a group of burners 3 are used to form a group, etc., and those skilled in the art can perform corresponding adjustments or numerical simulations according to needs and field conditions (such as pipeline arrangement, etc.) to obtain an optimum combustion chamber temperature. The field, here is no longer a detailed description. 2 and FIG. 3, a preferred embodiment, in which the second and second types of design are used, the burners 3 on both sides are arranged one by one, and each of the two opposite sides is disposed. One of the burners 3 is connected to the first gas flow pipe 5, and the other is connected to the second gas flow pipe 6, and in each row/column burner 3, the gas flow pipe to which the adjacent two burners 3 are connected It is also different, that is, the operating modes of the two burners 3 are opposite at the same time.
继续优化上述燃烧装置的结构，燃烧室2上安装的喷嘴以不与相邻的反应室1正对为宜，避免反应室1的侧壁出现局部高温，优选地，每一烧嘴3的中轴线均偏离相邻的反应室1设置，各烧嘴3的喷吹方向均朝向燃烧室2中间区域，优选为垂直于该烧嘴3所安装的燃烧室2侧壁。如图1，优选地，各反应室1呈阵列布置，以提高各反应室1内反应的均匀性；则对应地，每排靠近燃烧室2侧壁的反应室1在该燃烧室2侧壁上的投影与该侧壁上的各烧嘴3均错位设置(即不存在叠合状况)，各烧嘴3的喷吹方向均朝向相邻的两个反应室1之间的空间，各反应室排/列之间的空间即形成烟气流通通道。在另外的一个优选实施例中，各反应室1以多排方式布置，各排之间平行间隔设置，相邻两排反应室1之间交叉错位布置；各烧嘴3优选为多数或全部布置于与各排反应室排列方向平行的燃烧室2侧壁上；对于这种反应室布置方式，烟气流通过程中与反应室1的碰撞几率大幅增加，可进一步提高燃烧室2内的烟气紊流度。Continuing to optimize the structure of the above combustion apparatus, the nozzles mounted on the combustion chamber 2 are preferably not aligned with the adjacent reaction chambers 1 to avoid local high temperature on the side walls of the reaction chamber 1, preferably, in the middle of each burner 3. The axes are all offset from the adjacent reaction chambers 1, and the direction of blowing of each burner 3 is directed toward the intermediate portion of the combustion chamber 2, preferably perpendicular to the side wall of the combustion chamber 2 to which the burner 3 is mounted. As shown in FIG. 1, preferably, each reaction chamber 1 is arranged in an array to improve the uniformity of the reaction in each reaction chamber 1; correspondingly, each row of the reaction chamber 1 adjacent to the side wall of the combustion chamber 2 is on the side wall of the combustion chamber 2. The upper projection and the burners 3 on the side wall are arranged offset (ie, there is no overlapping condition), and the blowing directions of the burners 3 are all directed toward the space between the adjacent two reaction chambers 1 for each reaction. The space between the chamber rows/columns forms a smoke flow passage. In another preferred embodiment, each of the reaction chambers 1 is arranged in a plurality of rows, the rows are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the adjacent two rows of reaction chambers 1 are arranged in a misaligned arrangement; each burner 3 is preferably arranged in a majority or all manner. On the side wall of the combustion chamber 2 parallel to the arrangement direction of each row of reaction chambers; for such a reaction chamber arrangement, the collision probability with the reaction chamber 1 during the flow of the flue gas is greatly increased, and the smoke in the combustion chamber 2 can be further increased. Turbulence.
进一步优化上述烧嘴3的布局设计方式，如图5，优选为通过烧嘴3的合理布置(如间距、烧嘴3的喷气速度或排烟速度、烧嘴3的燃烧能力等)，以便于在燃烧室2内形成局部烟 气循环，具体方法为，在相邻设置的两个烧嘴3中，其中一烧嘴3处于燃烧模式时，另一烧嘴3处于排烟模式，燃烧烧嘴3前端的高速气流对排烟烧嘴3前端的烟气流区域产生卷吸作用，从而在燃烧室2内形成局部烟气循环，卷吸的烟气可稀释燃烧反应区的含氧体积浓度，这种贫氧状态(2～20％)的燃料遇到高温空气，可形成高温空气燃烧(HTAC：High Temperature Air Combustion)，这种燃烧方式具有高效节能和超低NOx排放等优点。以每相邻两烧嘴3构成一组烧嘴对，则至少其中一组烧嘴对满足上述燃烧方式；可以设置其中一组或多组烧嘴对符合上述燃烧方式；某烧嘴3与相邻的各烧嘴3中，可以有一个或多个相邻烧嘴3与该某烧嘴3符合上述燃烧方式；也可以通过合理设计使得各烧嘴对均符合上述燃烧方式，如采用上述的每一排/列烧嘴3中，相邻两烧嘴3所连接的气体流通管不相同，即同一时刻该两烧嘴3的工作模式相反的结构。如图5，对于上述的反应室1排列布置结构，一般同一层的各烧嘴3之间的间距与相邻两反应室1之间的间距大致相同，则通过设置相邻两烧嘴3符合上述燃烧方式，并结合与该两烧嘴3相邻的反应室1对两烧嘴3的高速燃烧气体气流及烟气流的分隔作用，可形成环绕该反应室1的循环气流13，改善燃烧室2内温度场的均匀性以及该反应室1内各区域温度的均匀性，在反应室1为圆柱形或腰圆形结构(腰圆的长边与烧嘴3的中轴线平行)时这种效果更佳。Further optimizing the layout design of the burner 3 described above, as shown in FIG. 5, preferably by reasonable arrangement of the burner 3 (such as the pitch, the jet velocity or the exhaust velocity of the burner 3, the burning ability of the burner 3, etc.), so as to facilitate A local flue gas circulation is formed in the combustion chamber 2, in which, in the two burners 3 disposed adjacently, one of the burners 3 is in the combustion mode, and the other burner 3 is in the exhaust mode, the combustion burner 3 The high-speed airflow at the front end causes a suction effect on the flue gas flow region at the front end of the exhaust gas burner 3, thereby forming a local flue gas circulation in the combustion chamber 2, and the entrained flue gas can dilute the oxygen-containing volume concentration in the combustion reaction zone. This oxygen-poor state (2-20%) fuel encounters high-temperature air and can form high temperature air combustion (HTAC), which has the advantages of high energy efficiency and ultra-low NOx emissions. A pair of burner pairs is formed by each adjacent two burners 3, and at least one of the burner pairs satisfies the above combustion mode; one or more groups of burners may be disposed to conform to the above combustion mode; a burner 3 and a phase In each of the adjacent burners 3, one or more adjacent burners 3 may be in accordance with the above-mentioned combustion mode; or a reasonable design may be adopted to make each burner pair conform to the above combustion mode, such as the above In each row/column burner 3, the gas flow tubes connected to the adjacent two burners 3 are different, that is, the operation mode of the two burners 3 at the same time is opposite. As shown in FIG. 5, for the above-mentioned arrangement arrangement of the reaction chambers 1, generally, the spacing between the burners 3 of the same layer is substantially the same as the spacing between the adjacent two reaction chambers 1, and the two adjacent burners 3 are arranged. The above combustion mode, combined with the separation of the high-speed combustion gas stream and the flue gas stream of the two burners 3 adjacent to the two burners 3, can form a circulating gas stream 13 surrounding the reaction chamber 1 to improve combustion. The uniformity of the temperature field in the chamber 2 and the uniformity of the temperature of each region in the reaction chamber 1 are when the reaction chamber 1 has a cylindrical or waist-round structure (the long side of the waist circle is parallel to the central axis of the burner 3) The effect is better.
作为本实施例的优选方案，燃烧室2优选为采用蓄热式燃烧***，通常一个烧嘴3配一个蓄热室4，也可以同组的多个烧嘴3共用一个蓄热室4，即：各第一气体流通管5及各第二气体流通管6上均设有蓄热室4；或者，每一所述烧嘴3通过一气体流通支管与对应的气体流通管连通，各所述气体流通支管上均设有蓄热室4。蓄热室4内设有蓄热体，可采用陶瓷材料等，这是蓄热式烧嘴3领域常规技术，具体此处不再赘述。烧嘴3排放烟气时，高温烟气经过蓄热室4，蓄热室4吸热，降低排烟温度；烧嘴3燃烧时，燃烧气体经过蓄热室4预热，蓄热室4放热，提高燃烧温度，可强化燃烧室2内部的对流和辐射传热。As a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the combustion chamber 2 is preferably a regenerative combustion system. Usually, one burner 3 is provided with one regenerator 4, or a plurality of burners 3 of the same group can share a regenerator 4, that is, Each of the first gas flow pipe 5 and each of the second gas flow pipes 6 is provided with a regenerator 4; or each of the burners 3 is connected to a corresponding gas flow pipe through a gas circulation branch, each of which A regenerator 4 is provided on the gas circulation branch pipe. The regenerator 4 is provided with a heat storage body, and a ceramic material or the like can be used. This is a conventional technique in the field of the regenerative burner 3, and details are not described herein. When the burner 3 discharges the flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas passes through the regenerator 4, and the regenerator 4 absorbs heat to reduce the exhaust gas temperature; when the burner 3 is burned, the combustion gas is preheated through the regenerator 4, and the regenerator 4 is placed. Heat, increasing the combustion temperature, enhances convection and radiation heat transfer inside the combustion chamber 2.
本实施例中，如图4，上述空气管7用于供应助燃空气，每一烧嘴3还连接有燃料供应管12，用于供应燃气，烧嘴3中的空气喷口和燃气喷口独立设置，燃气与经蓄热室4加热的助燃空气被烧嘴3喷入燃烧室2内燃烧。各燃料供应管12上均设有控制阀，可采用切断阀，对应的烧嘴3处于燃烧模式时，该控制阀打开，该烧嘴3处于排烟模式时，该控制阀关闭。上述各空气管7均可连接一鼓风机10，上述各烟气管8均可连接一引风机11。In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the air tube 7 is used for supplying combustion air, and each of the burners 3 is further connected with a fuel supply tube 12 for supplying gas, and the air nozzle and the gas nozzle in the burner 3 are independently set. The combustion gas and the combustion air heated by the regenerator 4 are injected into the combustion chamber 2 by the burner 3 to be combusted. Each of the fuel supply pipes 12 is provided with a control valve, and a shut-off valve can be used. When the corresponding burner 3 is in the combustion mode, the control valve is opened, and when the burner 3 is in the exhaust mode, the control valve is closed. Each of the air pipes 7 can be connected to a blower 10, and each of the flue gas pipes 8 can be connected to an induced draft fan 11.
本实施例中，采用上述蓄热式燃烧***，烟气的余热回收率可达75％以上，助燃空气可预热至800～1200℃，排烟温度可低于200℃。在各种燃料热值范围，均能实现较高的燃烧温度。相对于常规燃烧***，能节约燃料40％～60％，可减少有害物(SO 2、NOx)排放20～60％。 ***的换向周期优选为控制在20～300s范围内。 In the embodiment, the regenerative combustion system is adopted, the waste heat recovery rate of the flue gas is up to 75%, the combustion air can be preheated to 800 to 1200 ° C, and the exhaust gas temperature can be lower than 200 ° C. Higher combustion temperatures can be achieved over a range of fuel calorific values. Compared with the conventional combustion system, it can save fuel by 40% to 60%, and can reduce harmful substances (SO 2 , NOx) emissions by 20 to 60%. The commutation period of the system is preferably controlled within the range of 20 to 300 s.
本实施例中，优选为采用各反应室1均包括自上而下依次连通的预热段、还原段和冷却段的结构，各还原段均位于燃烧室2内，且各预热段及各冷却段均位于所述燃烧室2外。In this embodiment, it is preferable to adopt a structure in which each reaction chamber 1 includes a preheating section, a reducing section and a cooling section which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and each of the reducing sections is located in the combustion chamber 2, and each preheating section and each The cooling sections are all located outside of the combustion chamber 2.
实施例二 Embodiment 2
本发明实施例涉及一种直接还原生产方法，采用外热式煤基竖炉，将所述外热式煤基竖炉的燃烧室内布置的烧嘴分为A、B两部分，A部分烧嘴进行燃烧工作时，B部分烧嘴用于排烟，运行至预定时间后，A部分烧嘴用于排烟，B部分烧嘴进行燃烧工作，并进行周期性轮换，使得燃烧室内的烟气流场周期性变化，且在燃烧室内反应室的阻挡作用下，在燃烧室内的至少局部区域形成烟气紊流场。其中，上述外热式煤基竖炉优选为采用上述实施例一所提供的蓄热燃烧式煤基竖炉，其具体结构此处不再赘述。The embodiment of the invention relates to a direct reduction production method, which adopts an external heat type coal-based shaft furnace to divide the burners arranged in the combustion chamber of the external heat type coal-based shaft furnace into two parts A and B, and a part A burner When performing combustion work, part B burner is used for exhausting smoke. After running for a predetermined time, part A burner is used for exhausting smoke, part B burner is used for combustion work, and periodic rotation is performed to make the flue gas flow in the combustion chamber. The field periodically changes, and under the blocking action of the reaction chamber in the combustion chamber, a turbulent flow field of smoke is formed in at least a partial region of the combustion chamber. The above-mentioned external heat type coal-based shaft furnace is preferably a regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace provided by the above-mentioned first embodiment, and the specific structure thereof will not be described herein.
作为实施例之一，各烧嘴均连接有蓄热室，构成蓄热式燃烧***。As one of the embodiments, each of the burners is connected to a regenerator to constitute a regenerative combustion system.
作为实施例之一，每相邻两只烧嘴构成一组烧嘴对，至少其中一组烧嘴对满足：其中一只烧嘴处于燃烧模式时，另一只烧嘴处于排烟模式，且燃烧烧嘴前端的高速气流对排烟烧嘴前端的烟气流区域产生卷吸作用，从而在燃烧室内形成局部烟气循环。As one of the embodiments, each adjacent two burners constitute a pair of burner pairs, at least one of the burner pairs is satisfied: one of the burners is in the combustion mode, and the other burner is in the smoke exhaust mode, and The high velocity airflow at the front end of the combustion burner creates a suction effect on the region of the flue gas stream at the front end of the exhaust burner, thereby creating a local flue gas circulation within the combustion chamber.
本发明实施例提供的直接还原生产方法所获得的有益效果可参见实施例一中相应部分的内容，具体此处不再赘述。For the beneficial effects obtained by the direct reduction production method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, refer to the content of the corresponding part in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., which are included in the spirit and scope of the present invention, should be included in the present invention. Within the scope of protection.

Claims (8)

  1. 一种蓄热燃烧式煤基竖炉，包括燃烧室和至少一个反应室，每一所述反应室有部分区段位于所述燃烧室内，其特征在于：所述燃烧室上布置有至少一组燃烧装置，每组所述燃烧装置包括换向阀、空气管、烟气管、第一气体流通管和第二气体流通管，每一所述换向阀具有第一阀位和第二阀位，在所述第一阀位，所述第一气体流通管与所述空气管导通且所述第二气体流通管与所述烟气管导通，在所述第二阀位，所述第一气体流通管与所述烟气管导通且所述第二气体流通管与所述空气管导通；各所述第一气体流通管及各所述第二气体流通管均连接有至少一个烧嘴，各所述烧嘴均安装于所述燃烧室上且均连接有蓄热室。A regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace comprising a combustion chamber and at least one reaction chamber, each of the reaction chambers having a partial section located in the combustion chamber, characterized in that at least one group is arranged on the combustion chamber a combustion device, each set of the combustion device comprising a reversing valve, an air pipe, a flue gas pipe, a first gas flow pipe and a second gas flow pipe, each of the reversing valves having a first valve position and a second valve position In the first valve position, the first gas flow pipe is electrically connected to the air pipe and the second gas flow pipe is electrically connected to the flue gas pipe, and in the second valve position, a first gas flow pipe is electrically connected to the flue gas pipe and the second gas flow pipe is electrically connected to the air pipe; each of the first gas flow pipe and each of the second gas flow pipes are connected at least A burner, each of the burners being mounted on the combustion chamber and each connected to a regenerator.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的蓄热燃烧式煤基竖炉，其特征在于，每相邻两只烧嘴构成一组烧嘴对，至少其中一组烧嘴对满足：其中一只烧嘴处于燃烧模式时，另一只烧嘴处于排烟模式，且燃烧烧嘴前端的高速气流对排烟烧嘴前端的烟气流区域产生卷吸作用，从而在燃烧室内形成局部烟气循环。A regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace according to claim 1, wherein each adjacent two burners constitute a pair of burner pairs, at least one of which is satisfied: one of the burners is in a combustion In the mode, the other burner is in the exhaust mode, and the high-speed airflow at the front end of the combustion burner causes a suction effect on the region of the flue gas flow at the front end of the exhaust burner, thereby forming a local flue gas circulation in the combustion chamber.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的蓄热燃烧式煤基竖炉，其特征在于：每一所述烧嘴的中轴线均偏离相邻的所述反应室设置。A regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace according to claim 1, wherein a center axis of each of said burners is offset from an adjacent one of said reaction chambers.
  4. 如权利要求1或3所述的蓄热燃烧式煤基竖炉，其特征在于：包括有多个所述反应室，各所述反应室呈阵列布置。A regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace according to claim 1 or 3, comprising a plurality of said reaction chambers, each of said reaction chambers being arranged in an array.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的蓄热燃烧式煤基竖炉，其特征在于：所述燃烧室呈正方体或长方体结构，且其至少两个侧壁上布置有所述烧嘴。A regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace according to claim 1, wherein said combustion chamber has a rectangular parallelepiped or rectangular parallelepiped structure, and said burner is disposed on at least two side walls thereof.
  6. 一种直接还原生产方法，其特征在于：采用外热式煤基竖炉，将所述外热式煤基竖炉的燃烧室内布置的烧嘴分为A、B两部分，A部分烧嘴进行燃烧工作时，B部分烧嘴用于排烟，运行至预定时间后，A部分烧嘴用于排烟，B部分烧嘴进行燃烧工作，并进行周期性轮换，使得燃烧室内的烟气流场周期性变化，且在燃烧室内反应室的阻挡作用下，在燃烧室内的至少局部区域形成烟气紊流场。A direct reduction production method is characterized in that: an external heat type coal-based shaft furnace is used, and the burners arranged in the combustion chamber of the external heat type coal-based shaft furnace are divided into two parts A and B, and the part A burner is performed. During combustion work, part B burner is used for exhausting smoke. After running for a predetermined time, part A burner is used for exhausting smoke, part B burner is used for combustion work, and periodic rotation is performed to make the flue gas field in the combustion chamber. Periodically changing, and under the blocking action of the reaction chamber in the combustion chamber, a turbulent flow field of smoke is formed in at least a partial region in the combustion chamber.
  7. 如权利要求6所述的直接还原生产方法，其特征在于：各烧嘴均连接有蓄热室。The direct reduction production method according to claim 6, wherein each of the burners is connected to a regenerator.
  8. 如权利要求6所述的直接还原生产方法，其特征在于：每相邻两只烧嘴构成一组烧嘴对，至少其中一组烧嘴对满足：其中一只烧嘴处于燃烧模式时，另一只烧嘴处于排烟模式，且燃烧烧嘴前端的高速气流对排烟烧嘴前端的烟气流区域产生卷吸作用，从而在燃烧室内形成局部烟气循环。The direct reduction production method according to claim 6, wherein each adjacent two burners constitute a pair of burner pairs, and at least one of the burner pairs is satisfied: one of the burners is in a combustion mode, and the other is One burner is in the exhaust mode, and the high velocity airflow at the front end of the combustion burner causes a suction effect on the region of the flue gas flow at the front end of the exhaust burner, thereby forming a local flue gas circulation in the combustion chamber.
PCT/CN2017/117763 2017-07-07 2017-12-21 Regenerative combustion type coal-based shaft furnace and direct reduction production method WO2019007001A1 (en)

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