WO2018228099A1 - 一种多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the invention designs the field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a multi-core-single shell structure gel polymer coated membrane and a preparation method and application thereof.
- Lithium-ion batteries are attracting more and more attention due to their high energy density, high operating voltage, long cycle life and low self-discharge rate, and their application range is gradually expanding.
- the diaphragm is one of the key inner layer components, isolating the positive and negative electrodes, preventing short circuits, and has the basic function of providing lithium ion conduction holes.
- the traditional lithium ion battery separator adopts a polyolefin diaphragm, which can only realize the basic functions of the lithium battery separator, and is difficult to meet the technical requirements of the new generation lithium ion battery.
- the main solution is to apply a functional coating on the surface of the polyolefin separator, mainly ceramic coating, polymer. Coating, etc.
- the ceramic coated diaphragm improves the heat shrinkage and wettability of the separator to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life and safety performance of the lithium ion battery, but the electrolyte in the ceramic coated diaphragm is liquid, causing leakage The safety issue is inevitable and the battery hardness is not improved.
- the polymer-coated separator has the property of absorbing electrolyte gel, the battery internal resistance is too large, which affects battery performance, and the rate and cycle life are reduced.
- composite coated separators obtained by blending polymers and ceramic powders, but all of them affect the performance of the battery due to poor interfacial properties of the composite coating.
- One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a multi-core-single-shell structured gel polymer coated separator having high ionic conductivity, high dielectric constant, and excellent battery performance.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer in the above-mentioned multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated separator, which is advantageous for improving the stability strength of the finished coating film, Comprehensive properties such as flame retardancy, surface strength and toughness.
- a third object of the present invention is to provide a multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method of a multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer, which is advantageous for improving polynuclear-single shell structure gel polymerization.
- the properties of the coated membrane are advantageous for improving polynuclear-single shell structure gel polymerization.
- a fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer coated separator, which is simple and practical, and the finished product thus obtained is of good quality.
- a fifth object of the present invention is to provide an application of the above-described multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer coated separator, for example, which can be used in a lithium ion battery, including a polymer lithium ion battery for preparing a gel state. It can improve the manufacturing efficiency, safety and consistency of the battery.
- the present invention can adopt the following technical solutions:
- the invention provides a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane comprising a base film and a multi-core-single-shell structured gel polymer coating on one or both sides, the above-mentioned multi-core-single shell structure gel polymerization
- the composition consists of 60-70 parts by weight of highly elastic nanoparticles, 20-30 parts by weight of inorganic nanoparticles, 20-40 parts by weight of polymethyl methacrylate, 70-80 parts by weight of acrylonitrile.
- the above polynuclear-single shell structure gel polymer is composed of the following raw materials: 68-70 parts by weight of highly elastic nanoparticles, 25-30 parts by weight of inorganic nanoparticles, 30-40 parts by weight of polymethyl group Methyl acrylate, 72-79 parts by weight of acrylonitrile, 0.9-1 part by weight of dicumyl peroxide, 4-5 parts by weight of allyl polyethylene glycol, 0.6-1 part by weight of methyltriethyl Oxysilane, 2.5-3 parts by weight of phosphorus tetramethylolsulfate, 0.8-1 parts by weight of 2-thiolbenzimidazole, 2.5-3 parts by weight of glyceryl tristearate, 1.5-2 parts by weight 2,2-Dimethylolpropionic acid, 0.6-0.9 parts by weight of zinc pyrithione, 0.8-0.9 parts by weight of ethoxylated alkyl ammonium sulfate, 3.5-4 parts by weight of hydroxy
- the above polynuclear-single shell structure gel polymer is composed of the following raw materials: 70 parts by weight of highly elastic nanoparticles, 30 parts by weight of inorganic nanoparticles, 40 parts by weight of polymethyl methacrylate, 72 weights A portion of acrylonitrile, 0.95 parts by weight of dicumyl peroxide, 4 parts by weight of allyl polyethylene glycol, 0.8 parts by weight of methyltriethoxysilane, and 2.8 parts by weight of phosphorus tetramethylol sulfate 0.9 parts by weight of 2-thiolbenzimidazole, 2.8 parts by weight of glyceryl tristearate, 1.8 parts by weight of 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid, 0.6 parts by weight of zinc pyrithione, 0.85 Parts by weight of ethoxylated alkyl ammonium sulfate, 3.8 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 1.8 parts by weight of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene
- the high elastic nanoparticles are nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite elastomer, vulcanized rubber, polyurethane elastomer, nitrile rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, fluoroelastomer, polyester-polyether, butadiene rubber and silicon. Any one of or all of the oxyalkylenes.
- the inorganic nanoparticles are any one of or consist of nano-silica, nano-alumina, nano-barium titanate, nano-titanium oxide, nano-barium sulfate, nano-montmorillonite, nano-calcium carbonate and nano-zirconia. Composition of at least two substances.
- the base film is a polypropylene porous film, a polyethylene porous film, a polypropylene-polyethylene-polypropylene three-layer composite porous film, a single-sided ceramic coated separator, a double-sided ceramic coated separator, and a non-woven membrane. Any one of or consists of at least two of them.
- the base film has a thickness of 5 to 50 ⁇ m; preferably, the above thickness is 15 to 40 ⁇ m; more preferably, the above thickness is 25 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the base film has a porosity of 20% to 70%; preferably, the above porosity is 30% to 60%; more preferably, the above porosity is 40 to 50%.
- the base film has an average pore diameter of 10 to 1000 nm; preferably, the above average pore diameter is 100 to 800 nm; more preferably, the above average pore diameter is 400 to 500 nm.
- the invention also provides a preparation method of the multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer in the above multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane, comprising the following steps:
- 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid is added, added to deionized water, stirred uniformly, inorganic nanoparticles are added, stirred while stirring, filtered, and dried at room temperature to obtain carboxyl nanoparticles.
- the weight ratio of 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid to deionized water is (1:20)-(1:30).
- the temperature of the agitation stirring is 65-70 ° C.
- the incubation time is 40-50 minutes.
- the weight ratio of tetramethylolsulfate to deionized water is (1:41)-(1:50).
- the temperature after the temperature rise is 80-85 ° C.
- the time of the agitation stirring is 10-22 minutes.
- 2-thiolbenzimidazole is added, added to absolute ethanol, stirred uniformly, mixed with the fiber dispersion, sent to the reaction kettle, kept under stirring, discharged, mixed with zinc pyrithione, and stirred.
- an esterified dispersion is obtained.
- the weight ratio of 2-thiol phenylimidazole to absolute ethanol during the preparation of the above esterification dispersion is (1:5)-(1:8).
- the temperature of the agitation stirring is 90-95 °C.
- the incubation time is 1-2 hours.
- allyl polyethylene glycol is added, methyltriethoxysilane is added, stirred while stirring, mixed with the carboxyl nanoparticle, and stirred uniformly to obtain a silanol dispersion.
- the allyl polyethylene glycol is incubated at 60-80 ° C for 16-20 minutes before the addition of methyltriethoxysilane.
- the incubation time is 4-10 minutes.
- the ultrasonic step is further included after stirring uniformly; alternatively, the ultrasonic time is 10-15 minutes.
- acrylonitrile is taken, added to the silanol dispersion, stirred uniformly, dicumyl peroxide is added, sent to the reaction vessel, nitrogen gas is introduced, the mixture is stirred, discharged, and mixed with the esterification dispersion. Stirring to normal temperature gave a silane polymer solution.
- the temperature of the agitation stirring is 75-80 ° C.
- the incubation time is 1-2 hours.
- a silane polymer solution is taken, mixed with highly elastic nanoparticles, polymethyl methacrylate, glyceryl tristearate, and stirred, ie, a multi-core-single-shell structured gel polymer.
- the stirring speed is 300-400 rpm.
- the stirring time is 20-30 minutes.
- the present invention also provides a polynuclear-single shell structure gel polymer prepared by the above-described method for preparing a multinuclear-single shell structure gel polymer.
- the invention also provides a preparation method for the above-mentioned multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer coated separator, comprising the steps of: coating a multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer on one side or both sides of a base film, Then drying; optionally, drying is performed by hot air drying.
- the above coating speed is 0.5 to 40 m/min; preferably, the above coating speed is 10 to 30 m/min; more preferably, the above coating speed is 15 to 25 m/min.
- the hot air drying temperature is 30-80 ° C; preferably, the hot air drying temperature is 40-70 ° C; more preferably, the hot air drying temperature is 50-60 ° C.
- the above coating thickness is from 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m; preferably, the above coating thickness is from 1 to 4 ⁇ m; more preferably, the above coating thickness is from 2-3 ⁇ m.
- the present invention also provides an application of the above-described multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer coated separator for use in a lithium ion battery, including a polymer lithium ion battery for preparing a gel state. Because the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated diaphragm has the advantages of ceramic diaphragm and polymer diaphragm, it can maintain the high temperature resistance while maintaining close adhesion with the pole piece, greatly reducing the internal resistance and interface of the core. Impedance to improve the safety of the battery.
- the beneficial effects of the invention include: the multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer coated membrane provided by the invention has the function of efficiently absorbing electrolyte and gel, compared with the aqueous PVDF and water-based acrylate polymer coated membrane.
- Multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membranes provide excellent battery performance, including cycle and rate performance.
- the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated separator is used in lithium ion batteries to develop a polymer lithium ion battery in a gel state, so that battery manufacturing efficiency, safety, and consistency can be improved.
- the inorganic nanoparticles are treated by carboxylation and then dispersed in a silanol solution, which can effectively improve the compatibility between the inorganic nanofiller and the polymer, and improve the stability strength of the finished coating film.
- the alcohol dispersion of 2-thiolbenzimidazole is mixed with acidic fiber to obtain an esterified fiber, which can effectively improve the flame retardancy, surface strength and toughness of the coating film, and improve the overall performance of the coating film.
- silane polymer solution By using acrylonitrile as a monomer, mixing the obtained silane polymer solution with each inorganic filler can effectively improve the dispersibility of the filler between the polymers, reduce agglomeration, and improve the stability strength of the coating film.
- the inorganic nanoparticles dispersed in the core layer and the gel polymer are in a state in which the coating absorbs the swelling gel of the electrolyte. Microphase separation occurs, and a large number of inorganic-organic interfacial voids will be produced after separation, which will form a channel that facilitates rapid ion conduction, ie, a fast ion channel. Therefore, at the same time, after the coating absorbs the electrolyte gel, the dispersed nanoparticles inside the core-shell structure are metastable, and the particles will be separated from the inside of the polymer gel and concentrated on the surface of the coating.
- the battery is charged.
- the high elastic nanoparticles are deformed by the extrusion caused by the expansion of the negative electrode.
- the discharge process the electrode layer shrinks, and the deformation of the high elastic nanoparticles recovers; therefore, there is always an interaction between the separator and the electrode during charge and discharge.
- the force keeps the diaphragm and the pole piece in close contact, effectively avoids the contact gap caused by the expansion and contraction of the electrode material, and can effectively suppress the thickness variation of the battery; and the high dielectric constant inorganic nanoparticle can effectively reduce the lithium ion from the electrode
- the energy barrier of the process of transferring the electrolyte serves to reduce the interface resistance of the lithium battery and improve the performance of the battery rate.
- the entire coating system increases the wettability and liquid absorption of the separator, which effectively improves the cycle performance of the battery.
- Figure 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a multi-core-single-shell structured gel polymer coated membrane provided by the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the action of a multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer coated separator provided by the present invention
- Figure 3 is an electrochemical window of a multi-core-single shell gel polymer coated membrane provided by the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a graph showing the rate performance of a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated separator, an aqueous PVDF coated separator, and a base film assembled lithium battery in the test example of the present invention
- Fig. 6 is a graph showing the discharge of a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated separator, an aqueous PVDF coated separator, and a base film assembled lithium battery in the test example of the present invention (1000th cycle).
- the multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer coated separator of the embodiment of the present invention and a preparation method and application thereof will be specifically described below.
- the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane in the embodiment of the present invention mainly comprises a base film and a multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer coating on one side or both sides.
- the multi-core-single-shell structured gel polymer coating is located on one or both sides of the base film.
- the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coating has the advantages of ceramic separator and polymer separator, and ensures the high temperature resistance while maintaining the close bonding with the pole piece, greatly reducing the internal resistance and interface of the core. Impedance, the safety of the battery is improved.
- Multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane having the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coating has the function of efficiently absorbing electrolyte and gel, and coating membrane with aqueous PVDF and water-based acrylate polymer In contrast, multicore-single-shell gel polymer coated membranes offer excellent battery performance, including cycle and rate performance.
- the above multi-core-single-shell structured gel polymer coating can be mainly composed of the following raw materials: high elastic nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, polymethyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, dicumyl peroxide, allyl polyethyl b Glycol, methyltriethoxysilane, tetramethylolsulfate, 2-thiolbenzimidazole, glyceryl tristearate, 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid, zinc pyrithione, Ethoxylated alkyl ammonium sulfate, hydroxyethyl cellulose and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
- the ratio of the above raw materials may be, for example, 60-70 parts by weight, 20-30 parts by weight, 20-40 parts by weight, 70-80 parts by weight, 0.8-1 parts by weight, 3-5 parts by weight, 0.4. -1 parts by weight, 2-3 parts by weight, 0.6-1 parts by weight, 2-3 parts by weight, 1-2 parts by weight, 0.3-1 parts by weight, 0.7-1 parts by weight, 3-4 parts by weight, and 1-2 parts by weight Parts by weight.
- the ratio of the above raw materials may be, for example, 68-70 parts by weight, 25-30 parts by weight, 30-40 parts by weight, 72-79 parts by weight, 0.9-1 parts by weight, 4-5 parts by weight, 0.6-. 1 part by weight, 2.5-3 parts by weight, 0.8-1 part by weight, 2.5-3 parts by weight, 1.5-2 parts by weight, 0.6-0.9 parts by weight, 0.8-0.9 parts by weight, 3.5-4 parts by weight and 1.5-2 by weight Share.
- the ratio of the above raw materials may be, for example, 70 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 72 parts by weight, 0.95 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 0.8 parts by weight, 2.8 parts by weight, 0.9 parts by weight, or 2.8.
- the high elastic nanoparticles may be a nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite elastomer, a vulcanized rubber, a polyurethane elastomer, a nitrile rubber, a styrene butadiene rubber, a fluoroelastomer, a polyester-polyether, a butadiene rubber, and Any of the siloxanes may also be composed of at least two of them.
- the inorganic nanoparticles may be any one of nano silica, nano alumina, nano barium titanate, nano titanium oxide, nano barium sulfate, nano montmorillonite, nano calcium carbonate and nano zirconia. It may consist of at least two of them.
- the base film may be a polypropylene porous film, a polyethylene porous film, a polypropylene-polyethylene-polypropylene three-layer composite porous film, a single-sided ceramic coated separator, a double-sided ceramic coated separator, and a non-woven separator. Any one of or consists of at least two of them.
- the thickness of the base film in the embodiment of the present invention may be 5-50 ⁇ m, and the base film is within the thickness range. Preferably, the thickness thereof is 15 to 40 ⁇ m; more preferably, the thickness is 25 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the base film in the embodiment of the invention has a porosity of 20% to 70%. Preferably, the porosity is from 30% to 60%; more preferably, the porosity is from 40 to 50%.
- the base film in the embodiment of the invention has an average pore diameter of 10 to 1000 nm. Preferably, it has an average pore diameter of from 100 to 800 nm; more preferably, it has an average pore diameter of from 400 to 500 nm.
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides a preparation method of the multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer in the above-mentioned multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated separator, and the following steps can be referred to:
- it can be prepared by the following method: (1) 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid, inorganic nanoparticles are mixed with water according to a ratio, filtered, and dried to obtain carboxyl nanoparticles.
- the 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid is first added to the deionized water, stirred uniformly, and then the inorganic nanoparticles are added, stirred while stirring, filtered, and dried at room temperature to obtain carboxyl nanoparticles.
- the inorganic nanoparticles are treated by carboxylation and then dispersed in a silanol solution, which can effectively improve the compatibility between the inorganic nanofiller and the polymer, and improve the stability strength of the finished coating film.
- the weight ratio of 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid to deionized water in the above step may be (1:20)-(1:30).
- the temperature of the agitation stirring in the above step may be 65-70 °C.
- the incubation time in the above step may be 40-50 minutes.
- a mixture of phosphorus tetramethylolsulfate, hydroxyethylcellulose, and ethoxylated ammonium sulfate was mixed with water to obtain a fiber dispersion.
- the tetramethylolsulfate may be first added to the deionized water, stirred uniformly, then the hydroxyethyl cellulose is added, the temperature is raised, the mixture is kept warm, and then the ethoxylated ammonium alkyl sulfate is added, and the mixture is stirred to normal temperature.
- a fiber dispersion is obtained.
- the weight ratio of phosphorus tetramethylolsulfate to deionized water in step (2) may be (1:41)-(1:50).
- the temperature after the temperature is raised may be 80 to 85 °C.
- the incubation time may be 10-22 minutes.
- the 2-thiol benzoimidazole, the fiber dispersion obtained in the step (2), and the zinc pyrithione are mixed with absolute ethanol to obtain an esterified dispersion.
- the 2-thiol benzoimidazole can be first added to the absolute ethanol, stirred uniformly, and then mixed with the fiber dispersion in the step (2), sent to the reaction vessel, stirred and discharged, and discharged. The mixture was mixed with zinc pyrithione and stirred to normal temperature to obtain an esterified dispersion.
- the flame retardancy, surface strength and toughness of the coating film can be effectively improved to improve the overall performance of the coating film.
- step (3) the weight ratio of 2-thiol benzoimidazole to absolute ethanol may be (1:5)-(1:8).
- the temperature of the heat stirring may be 90-95 ° C.
- the incubation time may be 1-2 hours.
- Allyl polyethylene glycol and methyltriethoxysilane are mixed with the carboxyl group nanoparticles obtained in the step (1) in a ratio to obtain a silanol dispersion.
- allyl polyethylene glycol is first added to methyltriethoxysilane, stirred under heat, and then mixed with the carboxyl nanoparticles in the step (1), and stirred uniformly to obtain a silanol dispersion.
- the allyl polyethylene glycol is preferably incubated at 60-80 ° C for 16-20 minutes before the addition of methyl triethoxysilane.
- the incubation time may be 4-10 minutes.
- an ultrasonic step is further included, and optionally, the ultrasonic time may be 10-15 minutes.
- acrylonitrile, the silanol dispersion obtained in the step (4), dicumyl peroxide, and the esterified dispersion obtained in the step (3) are mixed in a ratio to obtain a silanol dispersion.
- acrylonitrile can be first added to the silanol dispersion, stirred uniformly, then dicumyl peroxide is added, sent to the reaction vessel, nitrogen is introduced, the mixture is stirred, discharged, and then dispersed with esterification.
- the liquid was mixed and stirred to normal temperature to obtain a silane polymer solution.
- the silane polymer solution is mixed with each inorganic filler by using acrylonitrile as a monomer, which can effectively improve the dispersibility of the filler between the polymers, effectively reduce agglomeration, and improve the stability strength of the coating film.
- the temperature of the agitation stirring in the step (5) may be 75-80 °C.
- the incubation time may be 1-2 hours.
- the stirring speed in the step (6) may be 300-400 rpm, and alternatively, the stirring time in the step (6) may be 20-30 minutes.
- the compatibility between the inorganic nanofiller and the polymer can be effectively improved, and the stability of the finished coating film can be improved. strength.
- an alcohol dispersion of 2-thiol phenyl imidazole with an acid fiber to obtain an esterified fiber, the flame retardancy, surface strength and toughness of the coating film can be effectively improved, and the overall performance of the coating film can be improved.
- the dispersibility of the filler between the polymers can be effectively improved, the agglomeration can be effectively reduced, and the stability strength of the coating film can be improved.
- an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for preparing a multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer coated separator, which may include the following steps: coating a multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer onto a base film Side or sides, then dry.
- the coating may be performed by a coating machine, and the drying may be performed by hot air drying.
- the coating speed may be from 0.5 to 40 m/min; preferably, the coating speed is from 10 to 30 m/min; more preferably, the coating speed is from 15 to 25 m/min.
- the hot air drying temperature is 30-80 ° C; preferably, the hot air drying temperature is 40-70 ° C; more preferably, the hot air drying temperature is 50-60 ° C.
- the coating thickness is between 0.5 and 5 ⁇ m; preferably, the coating thickness is between 1-4 ⁇ m; more preferably, the coating thickness is between 2-3 ⁇ m.
- embodiments of the present invention also provide a multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer coated separator, for example, which can be used in a lithium ion battery, including a polymer lithium ion battery for preparing a gel state. It can improve the manufacturing efficiency, safety and consistency of the battery.
- the principle is: due to the special structure of the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane, the inorganic nanoparticles dispersed in the core layer and the gel polymer occur in the state in which the coating absorbs the swelling gel of the electrolyte. Microphase separation, a large number of inorganic-organic interfacial voids will be produced after separation, which will form a channel that facilitates rapid ion conduction, ie, a fast ion channel. At the same time, after the coating absorbs the electrolyte gel, the dispersed nanoparticles inside the core-shell structure are metastable, and the particles will be separated from the inside of the polymer gel and concentrated on the surface of the coating. The battery is high during charging.
- the elastic nanoparticles are deformed by the extrusion caused by the expansion of the negative electrode.
- the discharge process the electrode layer shrinks, and the deformation of the high elastic nanoparticles recovers. Therefore, during the charging and discharging process, there is always an interaction force between the diaphragm and the electrode, so that the diaphragm and the pole piece can maintain close contact, effectively avoid contact gap caused by expansion and contraction of the electrode material, and can effectively suppress the thickness variation of the battery;
- the high dielectric constant inorganic nanoparticle can effectively reduce the energy barrier of lithium ion transfer from the electrode to the electrolyte, and reduce the interface resistance of the lithium battery and improve the battery rate performance.
- the entire coating system increases the wettability and liquid absorption of the separator, which effectively improves the cycle performance of the battery.
- the high elastic nanoparticle is a nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite elastomer; the inorganic nanoparticle is nano silicon oxide; the base film is a polypropylene porous film, the base film has a thickness of 5 ⁇ m, a porosity of 20%, and an average pore diameter of 10nm.
- the above polynuclear-single-shell structure gel polymer was applied to one side of the base film at a coating speed of 40 m/min with a coating thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m, and then dried by hot air at a temperature of 80 ° C. That is, a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane comprising a base film and a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coating on one side thereof.
- the high elastic nanoparticles are vulcanized rubber; the inorganic nanoparticles are nano zirconia; the base film is a polypropylene porous film, the base film has a thickness of 50 ⁇ m, a porosity of 70%, and an average pore diameter of 1000 nm.
- the above multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer was applied to one side of the base film at a coating speed of 40 m/min with a coating thickness of 5 ⁇ m, and then dried by hot air at a temperature of 80 ° C, that is, A multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane comprising a base film and a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coating on one side thereof is included.
- the high elastic nanoparticle is styrene-butadiene rubber; the inorganic nanoparticle is nanometer calcium carbonate; the base film is polypropylene-polyethylene-polypropylene three-layer composite porous film, the base film has a thickness of 5 ⁇ m, the porosity is 20%, and the average The pore size is 10 nm.
- the above multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer was applied to one side of the base film at a coating speed of 10 m/min with a coating speed of 0.5 ⁇ m, and then dried by hot air at a temperature of 30 ° C. That is, a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane comprising a base film and a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coating on one side thereof.
- the high elastic nanoparticles are nitrile rubber; the inorganic nanoparticles are nano alumina; the base film is a polypropylene porous film, the base film has a thickness of 50 ⁇ m, a porosity of 70%, and an average pore diameter of 1000 nm.
- the above multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer was applied to one side of the base film at a coating speed of 30 m/min with a coating thickness of 5 ⁇ m, and then dried by hot air at a temperature of 50 ° C, that is, A multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane comprising a base film and a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coating on one side thereof is included.
- the high elastic nanoparticle is a nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite elastomer; the inorganic nanoparticle is nanometer barium titanate; the base film is a polypropylene porous film, the base film has a thickness of 5 ⁇ m, a porosity of 20%, and an average pore diameter. It is 10 nm.
- the above multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer was applied to one side of the base film at a coating speed of 10 m/min with a coating speed of 4 ⁇ m, and then dried by hot air at a temperature of 80 ° C, that is, A multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane comprising a base film and a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coating on one side thereof is included.
- the high elastic nanoparticles are polyester-polyether; the inorganic nanoparticles are nano-silica; the base film is a polypropylene porous film, the base film has a thickness of 50 ⁇ m, a porosity of 70%, and an average pore diameter of 1000 nm.
- the above polynuclear-single-shell structure gel polymer was applied to one side of the base film at a coating speed of 30 m/min with a coating speed of 4 ⁇ m, and then dried by hot air at a temperature of 30 ° C, that is, A multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane comprising a base film and a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coating on one side thereof is included.
- the high elastic nanoparticles are styrene-butadiene rubber; the inorganic nanoparticles are nano-silica; the base film is a polypropylene porous film, the base film has a thickness of 5 ⁇ m, a porosity of 20%, and an average pore diameter of 10 nm.
- the above multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer was applied to one side of the base film at a coating speed of 20 m/min with a coating speed of 4 ⁇ m, and then dried by hot air at a temperature of 50 ° C, that is, A multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane comprising a base film and a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coating on one side thereof is included.
- the high elastic nanoparticles are styrene-butadiene rubber; the inorganic nanoparticles are nano-silica; the base film is a polypropylene porous film, the base film has a thickness of 25 ⁇ m, a porosity of 45%, and an average pore diameter of 500 nm.
- the above multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer was applied to one side of the base film at a coating speed of 0.5 m/min with a coating thickness of 2.5 ⁇ m, and then dried by hot air at a temperature of 40 ° C. That is, a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane comprising a base film and a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coating on one side thereof.
- the above high elastic nanoparticle is styrene-butadiene rubber; the inorganic nanoparticle is nano-silica; the base film is a porous polypropylene film, the base film has a thickness of 25 ⁇ m, a porosity of 45%, and an average pore diameter of 500 nm.
- the above multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer was applied to one side of the base film at a coating speed of 0.5 m/min with a coating thickness of 2.5 ⁇ m, and then dried by hot air at a temperature of 40 ° C. That is, a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane comprising a base film and a multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coating on one side thereof.
- This embodiment differs from Example 9 in that the ratio of each raw material is: 68 parts by weight of highly elastic nanoparticles, 30 parts by weight of inorganic nanoparticles, 30 parts by weight of polymethyl methacrylate, and 79 parts by weight of propylene.
- Nitrile 0.9 parts by weight of dicumyl peroxide, 5 parts by weight of allyl polyethylene glycol, 0.6 parts by weight of methyltriethoxysilane, 3 parts by weight of phosphorus tetramethylolsulfate, 0.8 weight Parts of 2-thiol benzoimidazole, 3 parts by weight of glyceryl tristearate, 1.5 parts by weight of 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid, 0.9 parts by weight of zinc pyrithione, 0.8 parts by weight Ethoxylated alkyl ammonium sulfate, 4 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose, and 1.5 parts by weight of a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
- the thickness of the base film was 15 ⁇ m, the porosity of the base film was 30%, and the average pore diameter of the base film was 100 nm.
- the coating speed was 10 m/min, and the coating thickness was 1 ⁇ m.
- the hot air drying temperature is 40 °C.
- each raw material ratio is: 70 parts by weight of highly elastic nanoparticles, 25 parts by weight of inorganic nanoparticles, 40 parts by weight of polymethyl methacrylate, and 72 parts by weight of propylene.
- the thickness of the base film was 40 ⁇ m, the porosity of the base film was 60%, and the average pore diameter of the base film was 800 nm.
- the coating speed was 30 m/min, and the coating thickness was 4 ⁇ m.
- the hot air drying temperature was 70 °C.
- each raw material ratio is: 70 parts by weight of highly elastic nanoparticles, 30 parts by weight of inorganic nanoparticles, 40 parts by weight of polymethyl methacrylate, and 72 parts by weight of propylene.
- the base film has a thickness of 25 ⁇ m, the base film has a porosity of 40%, and the base film has an average pore diameter of 400 nm.
- the coating speed was 15 m/min, and the coating thickness was 2 ⁇ m.
- the hot air drying temperature is 50 °C.
- This embodiment differs from Example 12 in that the thickness of the base film is 30 ⁇ m, the porosity of the base film is 50%, and the average pore diameter of the base film is 500 nm.
- the coating speed was 25 m/min, and the coating thickness was 3 ⁇ m.
- the hot air drying temperature is 60 °C.
- the high elastic nanoparticle is a mixture of a polyurethane elastomer and a butadiene rubber
- the inorganic nanoparticle is a mixture of nano titanium oxide and nano montmorillonite
- the base film is a polyethylene porous film and a single film.
- the high elastic nanoparticle is a mixture of a fluoroelastomer, a siloxane and a nitrile rubber
- the inorganic nanoparticle is a mixture of nanometer barium sulfate, nano silicon oxide and nano montmorillonite.
- the film is a composite film of a double-sided ceramic coated separator and a non-woven membrane.
- Embodiments 16 to 30 correspond to the above-mentioned Embodiments 1 to 15, respectively, and Embodiments 16 to 30 correspond to Embodiments 1 to 15 in that: in Examples 16 to 30, the multi-core-single-shell structure is gel-polymerized. The object is applied to both sides of the base film.
- the present comparative example provides an alumina ceramic coated lithium ion battery separator comprising a polypropylene separator and an alumina coating coated and coated on one side, wherein the polypropylene separator has a thickness of 12 ⁇ m and a porosity of 45%.
- the thickness of the alumina coating was 4 ⁇ m.
- This comparative example provides an aqueous PVDF coated lithium ion battery separator comprising a polypropylene separator and a PVDF coating applied to both sides, wherein the polypropylene separator has a thickness of 12 ⁇ m, a porosity of 45%, and a coating thickness of 2 ⁇ m.
- This comparative example uses a polypropylene separator having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m and a porosity of 45%, and the surface is not subjected to coating treatment.
- the scanning electron micrograph is as shown in FIG. 1
- the working principle diagram is shown in FIG. 2
- the multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer coated membrane obtained in Example 4 was assembled into a model for linear scanning, and its electrochemical window is shown in FIG. 3.
- the electrochemical window of the separator coating was observed. It reaches 4.5V, which is equivalent to the electrolyte system and can be fully used in lithium ion batteries.
- Example 5 the cycle performance and the magnification of the lithium battery assembled from the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated in Example 5, the aqueous PVDF coated separator in Comparative Example 2, and the base film, respectively.
- the performance and discharge curves (1000th cycle) are shown in Figure 4-6.
- the cycle performance of the lithium battery is: the lithium battery assembled by the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane of Example 5 has a high capacity retention rate as the number of cycles increases.
- the capacity of the lithium battery assembled from the base film, and the capacity of the lithium battery assembled from the base film was higher than that of the lithium battery assembled by the aqueous PVDF coated separator in Comparative Example 2.
- the capacity retention of the lithium battery assembled by the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane of Example 5 is higher than that of the lithium battery assembled by the base film, and the lithium assembled by the base film
- the capacity of the battery was higher than the capacity of the lithium battery assembled by the aqueous PVDF coated separator in Comparative Example 2.
- the voltage of the lithium battery assembled by the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane of Example 5 is higher than the voltage of the lithium battery assembled by the base film, and the voltage of the lithium battery assembled by the base film The voltage was higher than the lithium battery assembled by the aqueous PVDF coated separator in Comparative Example 2.
- the lithium ion battery prepared by coating the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membrane of Example 5 had a capacity retention rate of 90% or more after 1000 cycles, and the capacity performance was maintained at 50% or more at 2C.
- Example 6 the obtained multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated separator and the pole piece were peeled off at a speed of 80 mm/min by a universal tensile tester, and the peeling strength between the separator and the pole piece was 65 N/ Mm, using the three-point bending method to test the hardness of the battery is 21.3N / cm, indicating that its surface hardness and toughness are higher, compared with the surface hardness and toughness of the base film can be increased by about 6-9%.
- the obtained multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated separator was subjected to a liquid absorption test, and as a result, the surface suction ratio of the separator to the electrolyte was 15 g/m 2 .
- the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated separators obtained in Examples 3 to 7 and the lithium ion battery separators of Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to ion conductivity test, and the separator was assembled into an analog battery, and the separator was tested by using an alternating current impedance. Ionic conductivity, the test results are listed in Table 1.
- the multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer coated separators obtained in Examples 10-13 were assembled into a simulated battery, and the ionic conductivity of the separator was tested.
- the results show that the ionic conductivity corresponding to Examples 10-13 is higher than the ionic conductivity corresponding to Example 9, and the ionic conductivity corresponding to Example 12 and Example 13 is higher than that of Example 10 and Example 11.
- the ionic conductivity, the ratio of the raw materials of the embodiment 12 and the embodiment 13 and the preparation process are better than those of the embodiment 10 and the embodiment 11, and the ratio of the raw materials of the embodiment 10 and the embodiment 11 and the preparation process are more than that of the embodiment 9. good.
- the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated membranes of Examples 16-30 were assembled into a simulated cell using the same test method, and the ionic conductivity of the separator was tested.
- the conductivity is higher than that of Comparative Examples 1-3, and the ionic conductivity corresponding to Example 27 and Example 28 is higher than the ionic conductivity of Example 25 and Example 26, indicating the materials of Examples 27 and 28.
- the ratio and preparation process are better than those of Example 25 and Example 26, and the ratio of raw materials and preparation process of Example 25 and Example 26 are better than that of Example 24.
- the multi-core-single-shell gel polymer coated separator provided by the present invention has high ionic conductivity, high dielectric constant, and excellent battery performance.
- the preparation method is simple and practical, and the finished product thus obtained has good quality.
- the preparation method of the multi-core-single-shell structure gel polymer is advantageous for improving the comprehensive properties such as stability strength, flame retardancy, surface strength and toughness of the finished coating film.
- the use of a multi-core-single-shell structured gel polymer coated separator for a lithium ion battery, including a polymer lithium ion battery for preparing a gel state can improve the manufacturing efficiency, safety, and uniformity of the battery.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (17)
- 一种多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜,其特征在于,包括基膜以及位于一侧或两侧的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂层,所述多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物由下述原料组成:60-70重量份的高弹性纳米颗粒、20-30重量份的无机纳米颗粒、20-40重量份的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、70-80重量份的丙烯腈、0.8-1重量份的过氧化二异丙苯、3-5重量份的烯丙基聚乙二醇、0.4-1重量份的甲基三乙氧基硅烷、2-3重量份的四羟甲基硫酸磷、0.6-1重量份的2-硫醇基苯骈咪唑、2-3重量份的三硬脂酸甘油酯、1-2重量份的2,2-二羟甲基丙酸、0.3-1重量份的吡啶硫酮锌、0.7-1重量份的乙氧基化烷基硫酸铵、3-4重量份的羟乙基纤维素和1-2重量份的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚。
- 根据权利要求1所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜,其特征在于,所述多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物由下述原料组成:68-70重量份的所述高弹性纳米颗粒、25-30重量份的所述无机纳米颗粒、30-40重量份的所述聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、72-79重量份的所述丙烯腈、0.9-1重量份的所述过氧化二异丙苯、4-5重量份的所述烯丙基聚乙二醇、0.6-1重量份的所述甲基三乙氧基硅烷、2.5-3重量份的所述四羟甲基硫酸磷、0.8-1重量份的所述2-硫醇基苯骈咪唑、2.5-3重量份的所述三硬脂酸甘油酯、1.5-2重量份的所述2,2-二羟甲基丙酸、0.6-0.9重量份的所述吡啶硫酮锌、0.8-0.9重量份的所述乙氧基化烷基硫酸铵、3.5-4重量份的所述羟乙基纤维素和1.5-2重量份的所述脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚。
- 根据权利要求2所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜,其特征在于,所述多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物由下述原料组成:70重量份的所述高弹性纳米颗粒、30重量份的所述无机纳米颗粒、40重量份的所述聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、72重量份的所述丙烯腈、0.95重量份的所述过氧化二异丙苯、4重量份的所述烯丙基聚乙二醇、0.8重量份的所述甲基三乙氧基硅烷、2.8重量份的所述四羟甲基硫酸磷、0.9重量份的所述2-硫醇基苯骈咪唑、2.8重量份的所述三硬脂酸甘油酯、1.8重量份的所述2,2-二羟甲基丙酸、0.6重量份的所述吡啶硫酮锌、0.85重量份的所述乙氧基化烷基硫酸铵、3.8重量份的所述羟乙基纤维素和1.8重量份的所述脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚。
- 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜,其特征在于,所述高弹性纳米颗粒为丁腈-聚氯乙烯复合物弹性体、硫化橡胶、聚氨酯弹性体、丁腈橡胶、丁苯橡胶、氟弹性体、聚酯-聚醚、顺丁橡胶和硅氧烷中的任意一种或由其中至少两种物质组成。
- 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜,其特征在于:所述无机纳米颗粒为纳米氧化硅、纳米氧化铝、纳米钛酸钡、纳米氧化钛、纳米硫酸钡、纳米蒙脱土、纳米碳酸钙和纳米氧化锆中的任意一种或由其中至少两种物质组成。
- 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜,其特征在于,所述基膜为聚丙烯多孔薄膜、聚乙烯多孔薄膜、聚丙烯-聚乙烯-聚丙烯三层复合多孔薄膜、单面陶瓷涂覆隔膜、双面陶瓷涂覆隔膜和无纺布隔膜中的任意一种或由其中至少两种膜组成。
- 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜,其特征在于,所述基膜的厚度为5-50μm;优选地,所述基膜的厚度为15-40μm;更优地,所述基膜的厚 度为25-30μm。
- 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜,其特征在于,所述基膜的孔隙率为20%-70%;优选地,所述基膜的孔隙率为30%-60%;更优地,所述基膜的孔隙率为40-50%。
- 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜,其特征在于,所述基膜的平均孔径为10-1000nm;优选地,所述基膜的平均孔径为100-800nm;更优地,所述基膜的平均孔径为400-500nm。
- 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜中的所述多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:混合所述2,2-二羟甲基丙酸与所述无机纳米颗粒,得羧基纳米颗粒;混合所述四羟甲基硫酸磷、所述羟乙基纤维素以及所述乙氧基化烷基硫酸铵,得纤维分散液;混合所述2-硫醇基苯骈咪唑、所述纤维分散液以及所述吡啶硫酮锌,得酯化分散液;混合所述烯丙基聚乙二醇、所述甲基三乙氧基硅烷以及所述羧基纳米颗粒,得硅烷醇分散液;混合所述丙烯腈、所述硅烷醇分散液、所述过氧化二异丙苯以及所述酯化分散液,得硅烷聚合物溶液;混合所述硅烷聚合物溶液、所述高弹性纳米颗粒、所述聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、所述三硬脂酸甘油酯以及所述脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚,得多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物。
- 如权利要求10所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜中的所述多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:(1)取所述2,2-二羟甲基丙酸,加入去离子水中,搅拌均匀,加入所述无机纳米颗粒,保温搅拌,过滤,常温干燥,得羧基纳米颗粒;可选地,步骤(1)中,所述2,2-二羟甲基丙酸与去离子水的重量比为(1:20)-(1:30);可选地,步骤(1)中,保温搅拌的温度为65-70℃;可选地,步骤(1)中,保温搅拌的时间为40-50分钟;(2)取所述四羟甲基硫酸磷,加入去离子水中,搅拌均匀,加入所述羟乙基纤维素,升高温度后保温搅拌,加入所述乙氧基化烷基硫酸铵,搅拌至常温,得纤维分散液;可选地,步骤(2)中,所述四羟甲基硫酸磷与去离子水的重量比为(1:41)-(1:50);可选地,步骤(2)中,升高温度后的温度为80-85℃;可选地,步骤(2)中,保温搅拌的时间为10-22分钟;(3)取所述2-硫醇基苯骈咪唑,加入无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,与所述纤维分散液混合,送入到反应釜中,保温搅拌,出料,与所述吡啶硫酮锌混合,搅拌至常温,得酯化分散液;可选地,步骤(3)中,所述2-硫醇基苯骈咪唑与无水乙醇的重量比为(1:5)-(1:8);可选地,步骤(3)中,保温搅拌的温度为90-95℃;可选地,步骤(3)中,保温搅拌的时间为1-2小时;(4)取所述烯丙基聚乙二醇,加入所述甲基三乙氧基硅烷,保温搅拌,与所述羧基纳 米颗粒混合,搅拌均匀,得硅烷醇分散液;可选地,步骤(4)中加入所述甲基三乙氧基硅烷前,将所述烯丙基聚乙二醇于60-80℃的条件下保温16-20分钟;可选地,步骤(4)中,保温搅拌的时间为4-10分钟;可选地,步骤(4)中在与所述羧基纳米颗粒混合,搅拌均匀后还包括超声步骤,可选地,超声时间为10-15分钟;(5)取所述丙烯腈,加入到所述硅烷醇分散液中,搅拌均匀,加入所述过氧化二异丙苯,送入到反应釜中,通入氮气,保温搅拌,出料,与所述酯化分散液混合,搅拌至常温,得硅烷聚合物溶液;可选地,步骤(5)中,保温搅拌的温度为75-80℃;可选地,步骤(5)中,保温搅拌的时间为1-2小时;(6)取所述硅烷聚合物溶液,与所述高弹性纳米颗粒、所述聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、所述三硬脂酸甘油酯混合,搅拌,即得所述多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物;可选地,步骤(6)中的搅拌转速为300-400转/分钟;可选地,步骤(6)中的搅拌时间为20-30分钟。
- 一种多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜,其特征在于,所述多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜由如权利要求10或11所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜中的所述多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物的制备方法制备而得。
- 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:将所述多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂布到所述基膜的一侧或两侧,然后烘干;可选地,烘干采用热风烘干。
- 根据权利要求12所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜的制备方法,其特征在于,涂布速度为0.5-40m/min;优选地,涂布速度为10-30m/min;更优地,涂布速度为15-25m/min。
- 根据权利要求13或14所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜的制备方法,其特征在于,热风烘干的温度为30-80℃;优选地,热风烘干的温度为40-70℃;更优地,热风烘干的温度为50-60℃。
- 根据权利要求13-15任一项所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜的制备方法,其特征在于,涂布厚度介于0.5-5μm;优选地,涂布厚度介于1-4μm;更优地,涂布厚度介于2-3μm。
- 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜的应用,其特征在于,将所述多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜用于制备锂电池;优选地,所述多核-单壳结构凝胶聚合物涂覆隔膜用于制备凝胶态的聚合物锂离子电池。
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