WO2018205575A1 - 新型电动汽车 - Google Patents

新型电动汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018205575A1
WO2018205575A1 PCT/CN2017/114435 CN2017114435W WO2018205575A1 WO 2018205575 A1 WO2018205575 A1 WO 2018205575A1 CN 2017114435 W CN2017114435 W CN 2017114435W WO 2018205575 A1 WO2018205575 A1 WO 2018205575A1
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Prior art keywords
frame
vehicle
car
outer casing
rear wheels
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PCT/CN2017/114435
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English (en)
French (fr)
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马纪成
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马纪成
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Publication of WO2018205575A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018205575A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D61/00—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern
    • B62D61/12—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern with variable number of ground engaging wheels, e.g. with some wheels arranged higher than others, or with retractable wheels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, and in particular to a novel electric vehicle.
  • Electric vehicles using electrical energy to transform the kinetic energy of driving the car, have become more and more widely used because of their work without generating exhaust gas, pollution, and clean energy.
  • the high-end electric vehicles that are common in the market are generally stable in terms of safety and comfort, and are bulky and costly and unattractive. Therefore, there is a need for a new electric vehicle that is safer, more stable, more comfortable, lighter, more attractive, and more affordable than existing products.
  • the driving and braking functions of the present invention are all provided in the intermediate wheel of the front and rear wheels. Through the linkage control of the front and rear wheel steering respectively, the front and rear wheel directions are controllable, thereby achieving highly difficult control.
  • a large-area guard bar associated with the front and rear wheel steering linkage control is installed. Once it collides with the surrounding objects, the small external force can automatically change the car away from the moment to avoid the occurrence of severe collision.
  • the outer casing is made of a transparent, lightweight and hard material, the shape of the outer casing is similar to the shape of the capsule, and the door is a curved door that is pushed up and down.
  • a new type of electric vehicle includes a frame, an outer casing disposed on an upper portion of the frame, and a traveling mechanism mounted on the frame, and an area enclosed by the outer casing and the frame is a carriage, the compartment A seat is installed inside.
  • the front and rear ends of the frame are inclined upward, and the left and right sides and the middle portion of the front and rear axles of the frame have inclined shafts which are inclined downward and parallel to each other, and are respectively connected by a bearing to be shock absorbers and
  • the traveling mechanism further includes front and rear wheel linkage steering devices fixed to the damper, and a large-area guard bar that surrounds the entire vehicle body and is fixed to the front and rear wheel linkage steering devices.
  • the outer casing is made of a transparent and hard material
  • the outer casing is in the shape of a capsule
  • the middle portion of the outer casing is double-layered and hollow
  • the curved layer of the upper and lower sliding doors is installed at the interlayer.
  • the invention designs more wheels than ordinary electric vehicles, can significantly increase the safety of driving, and is no longer afraid of a puncture during driving.
  • Both the drive and brake functions are located in the middle wheel of the front and rear wheels, which greatly simplifies the structure of the car body.
  • the large-area protection bar that surrounds the outside of the vehicle body and directly links the front and rear wheels can automatically change the direction of the car under the action of a small external force, and the buffering performance of the external force of the car can be greatly enhanced, which can greatly improve the vehicle.
  • Driving safety Designing the front and rear wheel steering linkage control so that the front and rear wheels are controllable, not only can the lane and side parking be easily changed, but also the turning radius can be greatly reduced, for example, the in-situ rotation can be easily achieved. Therefore, the car has good maneuverability and easy operation.
  • the outer casing is made of a transparent material to ensure that the exterior of the car can be seen from inside the car, improving the visibility of the driver and passenger.
  • the outer casing is a capsule-shaped outer casing, which reduces wind resistance and reduces energy consumption.
  • the door is a curved door that is pushed up and down along the circular arc track. It is beautiful and practical. You don't have to worry about getting in the way of opening the door. There are front and rear lateral openings on the upper part of the door, and the doors on both sides can be pushed out of the outer casing.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of a vehicle body structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the vehicle body structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure and steering principle of the frame of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a front elevational view of the vehicle body structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the rear wheel steering control device of the present invention.
  • 100 housing; 101, door; 102, wheel; 103, shock absorber; 104, tension spring; 105, guard bar; 106, frame; 107, shaft; 108, handlebar; 109, fixed column; 110, linkage rod; 111, pedal; 112, pull line; 113, (rear wheel) fork shaft.
  • the longitudinal axis of the frame 106 is designed to be flat at both ends and then tilted downward to become horizontal.
  • the damper 103 is selected from the spring damper with moderate elasticity.
  • the left and right ends and the middle portion of the front and rear axles of the frame 106 respectively have slanting downward and parallel shafts 107, and the bearings in the shaft 107 are respectively loaded with the following sides.
  • Two spring dampers 103 and wheels 102 of the fork (Note: "The front and rear axles of the frame” in this specification refer to the cross member of the frame, and the "left and right axles of the frame” refer to the longitudinal beams of the frame).
  • the rotating shaft 107 in the middle of the front axle of the frame 106 extends upward and is fitted with a handlebar 108 to control the front wheel direction.
  • the front and rear wheel steering linkage control device shown in FIG. 3 utilizes the principle of a parallelogram, so that the directions of the front and rear wheels are respectively consistent and the steering is synchronized. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
  • the fork shaft 113 is fixed to the front fork shaft 113 in the forward direction, respectively.
  • the end has a rotating shaft 107 which is perpendicular to the fixed column 109.
  • the rotating shaft 107 is provided with a bearing.
  • the fixing post 109 is connected to the connecting rod 110 of the retaining bar 105 parallel to the front and rear axles of the frame 106 via bearings in the rotating shaft 107.
  • the ends of the fixing posts 109 fixed to the rear of the frame 106 toward the rear of the frame 106 and the ends of the rear axles toward the front of the frame 106 are respectively connected to the left and right axes of the frame 106 to be connected in series.
  • the tension springs 104, and each of the tension springs 104 have no tension when the wheels are in the positive direction (the small dots indicated in the figure are the connection points).
  • the guard bar 105 is connected to the front and rear ends on both sides of the vehicle body, and cannot be fixedly connected.
  • the way the hollow is the other end of the mouth.
  • the outer guard bar 105 is a high-hardness and elastic curved surface which is slightly outwardly protruded from the upper and lower ends of the middle portion, and includes four movable blocks in front, rear, left and right.
  • the widths of the upper and lower guard bars 105 are narrower and thicker and have a higher hardness. In the direction of the front and rear ends, the guard bar 105 tends to be wider and thinner and wider, and accordingly, the hardness thereof tends to become smaller.
  • the two intermediate wheels 102 are wider and wider than the four side wheels 102, and the corresponding two intermediate wheels 102 are shock-absorbing.
  • the width of the fork of the device 103 is also adapted to accommodate the intermediate wheel 102.
  • the center shaft 113 of the forks of all of the wheel upper shock absorbers 103 extends downward by a length, and the center shaft 113 of the forks of the four side wheels 102 is slightly inclined to the left and right sides so that the side wheels 102 are slightly inclined outward.
  • a set of steering mechanisms is connected to the upper and lower ends of the center shaft 113 of the fork above the six wheels, and the upper and lower layers are completely identical, and are respectively connected to the outer guard bars 105 on both sides.
  • the left and right footrests 111 for controlling the direction of the rear wheel are connected by a rotating shaft which is mounted on the middle shaft of the front portion of the frame, and the bearing has a bearing therein, and the left and right footrests 111 can be folded backwards when not in use. stand up.
  • the horizontal rotation of the left and right foot 111 is used to drive the wire 112 to control the steering of the rear wheel.
  • the outer casing 100 selects a material which is light in weight and colorless and transparent on the raw material.
  • the shape of the outer casing is a capsule shape, and the height of the upper and lower sides is greater than the width of the left and right sides to reduce the air resistance and better improve the ride comfort of the driver.
  • the shape can be approximated as a two-hemispherical central cylindrical shape in front and rear, and the middle portion is double-layered and hollow, and an arc-shaped door 101 that is pushed up and down is attached to the interlayer.
  • the door has a circular curved surface from top to bottom, and the front and rear openings on the outer door of the door, so that the doors on both sides can be pushed up to the outside of the outer casing.
  • a track composed of a plurality of small pulleys is installed from top to bottom, so that the door can be pushed up and down along the curved surface of the door.
  • the upper and lower sides of the outer casing 100 and the door 101 are to be covered with a rubber sleeve for waterproof sealing, cleaning and cushioning.
  • the outer casing 100 and the car bottom are fixed to the frame 106.
  • the weight of the car should be as balanced as possible, and people should sit on the center line as much as possible to maintain the balance of the car's center of gravity. Due to the high power of the motor, a relatively high speed can be achieved while driving. To ensure safe driving, the seat should be equipped with a seat belt and make the ride as comfortable as possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种新型电动汽车，包括外壳（100）、车架（106）、罩设在车架（106）上的车厢底、安装在车架（106）上的行走机构。外壳（100）与车厢底围成的区域为车厢，车厢内安装有座椅。该电动汽车的驱动及刹车功能均设在前后轮的中间轮。通过分别对前后轮转向的联动控制，实现前后轮方向皆可控，从而实现更高难度的操控。在车身***装有与前后轮转向联动相关联的大面积的护杠（105），一旦护杠（105）与四周的物体产生碰撞，很小的外力瞬间即可使车子自动变向从而远离，且对外力的缓冲性能也大大加强，能降低撞击力，避免剧烈碰撞的产生。

Description

新型电动汽车 技术领域
本发明涉及电动汽车技术领域，具体涉及一种新型电动汽车。
背景技术
电动汽车，利用电能转变为驱动汽车行驶的动能，由于其工作不产生尾气，无污染，为清洁能源，得到了越来越广泛的应用。然而，市面常见的中高端的电动汽车安全性平稳性及舒适性一般，庞大笨重造价高且不美观。因此，需要一种相对现有产品更为安全平稳舒适，轻便美观又实惠的新型电动汽车。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种更为安全平稳舒适且轻便美观又实惠的新型电动汽车。本发明的驱动及刹车功能均设在前后轮的中间轮。通过分别对前后轮转向的联动控制，实现前后轮方向皆可控，从而实现高难度的操控。在车身外侧装有与前后轮转向联动控制相关联的大面积的护杠，一旦与四周的物体产生碰撞，很小的外力下瞬间即可使车子自动变向远离，避免剧烈碰撞的产生。对于车子前后轮方向控制的设计，最终是使得前后轮的方向，由人工、自动(始终存在的回正方向的力)与外力三者共同决定。外壳由透明、轻质且硬质的材料制成，外壳的形状近似于胶囊的形状，车门为上下推拉的弧形车门。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种新型电动汽车，包括车架、罩设在所述车架上部的外壳、安装在所述车架上的行走机构，所述外壳与所述车架围成的区域为车厢，所述车厢内安装有座椅。其特征在于，所述车架的前后两端均倾斜向上，在所述车架前后轴的左右两侧及中部各有倾斜向下且相互平行的转轴，再通过轴承分别连接以减震器及车轮；所述行走机构还包括固定于所述减震器上的前后轮联动转向装置，以及环绕整个车身外侧且固定在前后轮联动转向装置上的大面积的护杠。
进一步的，所述外壳由透明且硬质的材料制成，所述外壳的形状为胶囊的形状，所述外壳的中部为双层且中空，其夹层处安装有上下推拉的弧形车门。
本发明的有益效果为：
本发明比普通电动汽车设计了更多的车轮，可显著增加行车的安全性，再也不怕在行驶中发生爆胎。驱动及刹车功能均设置在前后轮的中间轮，可大大简化车体结构。环绕车身外侧且直接关联前后轮转向的大面积的护杠，在很小的外力作用下即可使车子自动变向，且车子对外力的缓冲性能也得以大大加强，能很大程度上提高车辆行驶的安全性。设计前后轮转向联动控制以便前后轮方向皆可控的结果，不仅可以轻松变更车道和侧方停车，还可大大减少转弯半径，比如可轻松地实现原地打转。所以车子可操控性好，高难度的动作轻松实现。
外壳由透明材质制成，保证从车厢内部可以看到车厢外部，为驾乘人员提高良好的视野， 以提高驾乘舒适性，外壳为近似于胶囊形状的外壳，降低了风阻，降低了能源消耗。车门为沿圆弧轨道上下推拉的弧形车门，美观又实用，不用担心打开车门时可能伤及路人。在车门上部的外壳上有前后的横向开口，两侧车门可以向上推出外壳外。
附图说明
图1是本发明的车体结构俯视图；
图2是本发明的车体结构侧视图；
图3是本发明的车架立体结构及转向原理示意图；
图4是本发明的车体结构正视图；
图5本发明的后轮转向控制装置示意图；
图中：100、外壳；101、车门；102、车轮；103、减震器；104、拉簧；105、护杠；106、车架；107、转轴；108、车把；109、固定柱；110、联动杆；111、脚踏；112、拉线；113、(后轮)叉子中轴。
具体实施方式
如图1～图3所示，为了有效降低车身高度，车架106的纵轴设计为两端较平然后倾斜向下再变水平。减震器103选用弹性适中的弹簧减震器，在车架106的前后轴的左右两端及中部分别有斜向下且相互平行的转轴107，通过转轴107内的轴承分别装以下方左右分叉的两个弹簧减震器103及车轮102(注：本说明书中“车架的前后轴”指的是车架的横梁，“车架的左右轴”指的是车架的纵梁)。且仅前后轴中部下方的两个中间轮有驱动和刹车功能，同时对整个车身起到大部分的承重作用(中间车轮相对左右两侧车轮有更大的尺寸)。车架106的前轴中部的转轴107向上延伸并装以车把108，以控制前轮方向。如图3所示的前后轮转向联动控制装置，利用的是平行四边形的原理，实现各前后轮方向分别一致且转向同步。如图2和图3所示，在减震器103的上部的叉子中轴113的轴心的相同高度的位置上分别向正前的方向垂直叉子中轴113固定以等长的固定柱109，其末端有垂直于固定柱109向上的转轴107，转轴107内装有轴承，固定柱109通过转轴107内的轴承连接其上方的与车架106的前后轴平行且连接护杠105的联动杆110。而固定在车架106的前轴中部向着车架106后方的固定柱109的末端及后轴中部向着车架106前方加长的固定柱109的末端分别向着车架106的左右轴连接以两两串联的拉簧104，且各拉簧104在各车轮处于正方向时均刚好无拉力(图中标注的小圆点为连接点)。如图1所示，由于护杠105的前后端均会随着前后车轮的转向而左右摆动，故护杠105在车身两侧与前后端的连接，不能采取固定连接的方式，可用一端***双层中空呈口型的另一端的方式。***的护杠105为中部较上下两端略向外凸出的高硬度和弹性的弧面，包括前后左右分别四块，之间可活动的连接。为了不影响上下车，左右两侧的护杠105上下的宽度较窄厚度较厚且硬度高。向着前后两端方向，护杠105趋于上下更宽厚度更薄，相应的，其硬度也趋于变小。
如图4所示，两个中间轮102较4个侧轮102加大加宽，相应的两中间轮102上方减震 器103的叉子的宽度也为了适应中间轮102做出相应的匹配。所有轮子上方减震器103的叉子的中轴113均向下延伸一段长度，而四个侧轮102的叉子的中轴113向左右的一侧略倾斜，以使得侧轮102略倾斜向外侧。在6个轮子上方的叉子的中轴113的上下两端各连接有一套转向机构，且上下两层完全等同，并分别在两侧与***护杠105相连。
如图5所示，用于控制后轮方向的左右脚踏111通过中间装在车架前部中轴上的转轴相连，转轴内有轴承，左右脚踏111在不使用时可以分别向后折叠起来。通过左右脚踏111前后的水平转动带动拉线112，而操控后轮的转向。
外壳100在原料上选择轻质硬度高且无色透明的材料。外壳的形状为胶囊状，其上下的高度大于其左右的宽度，以降低空气阻力并且可以更好的提高司机的乘坐的舒适度。如图1～图2所示，其形状可近似为前后各两半球形中部圆筒形，中部双层且中空，在其夹层安装有上下推拉的弧形的车门101。车门自上而下为圆弧形曲面，在车门上方的外壳上有前后方向的开口，故两侧的车门可以向上推至外壳外。在车门两侧的中空外壳内自上而下装有由很多小滑轮构成的轨道，故车门可以沿着车门所在的圆弧曲面上下推拉移动。外壳100与车门101的相互接触的上下两侧均应装以胶皮套，以起到防水密封清洁及缓冲力等作用。外壳100及车厢底固定在车架106上。
另外，控制后轮方向的脚踏，在较高的行驶速度下，为避免产生车子方向失控的危险，应尽量避免乃至禁止使用。为了阻止车子在停靠时发生移动，增加一个类似汽车上使用的手刹，仅仅很简单地增加对机械刹车线进行收紧或放松的控制，即可完美解决问题。手刹装在左右脚踏之间的车架前部的中轴上，手刹线通过一小段弹性适中的拉簧并接在前/后轮刹车线上。手刹上装有刹车断电传感器。而整车除了用以承重的车架之外，应尽量采用轻质且高硬度和弹性的塑料材质。车子负重应尽可能的达到左右平衡，人乘坐时也尽量坐在中线上，以保持车子重心平衡。由于电机功率很大，在行驶中能达到相当高的速度，为保证行驶的安全，座椅应配有安全带，并尽可能让乘车变得更舒适。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种新型电动汽车，包括外壳、车架、罩设在车架上的车厢底、安装在车架上的行走机构，外壳与车厢底上方围成的区域为车厢，车厢内安装有座椅，其特征在于，所述车架的前后两端均倾斜向上，在所述车架前后轴的左右两侧及中部各有倾斜向下且相互平行的转轴，再通过轴承分别连接以减震器及车轮，所述行走机构还包括固定于前后轮减震器上的前后轮联动转向装置，以及环绕整个车身外侧且固定在前后轮联动转向装置上的大面积的护杠。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新型电动汽车，其特征在于，所述外壳由透明且硬质的材料制成，所述外壳的形状为胶囊的形状，所述外壳的中部为双层且中空，其夹层处安装有上下推拉的弧形车门。
PCT/CN2017/114435 2017-05-06 2017-12-26 新型电动汽车 WO2018205575A1 (zh)

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CN201720551273 2017-05-06

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