WO2018196056A1 - 模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法及构建的光纤通信*** - Google Patents

模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法及构建的光纤通信*** Download PDF

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WO2018196056A1
WO2018196056A1 PCT/CN2017/084815 CN2017084815W WO2018196056A1 WO 2018196056 A1 WO2018196056 A1 WO 2018196056A1 CN 2017084815 W CN2017084815 W CN 2017084815W WO 2018196056 A1 WO2018196056 A1 WO 2018196056A1
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digital signal
signal processing
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communication system
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PCT/CN2017/084815
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French (fr)
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刘洁
朱国轩
吴雄
陈钰杰
朱江波
余思远
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中山大学
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Priority to US15/768,015 priority Critical patent/US10868631B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/04—Mode multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2581—Multimode transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H04B10/532—Polarisation modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
    • H04B10/614—Coherent receivers comprising one or more polarization beam splitters, e.g. polarization multiplexed [PolMux] X-PSK coherent receivers, polarization diversity heterodyne coherent receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
    • H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
    • H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
    • H04B10/6161—Compensation of chromatic dispersion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
    • H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
    • H04B10/6164—Estimation or correction of the frequency offset between the received optical signal and the optical local oscillator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
    • H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
    • H04B10/6165—Estimation of the phase of the received optical signal, phase error estimation or phase error correction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/06—Polarisation multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/07—Orbital angular momentum [OAM] multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03012—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain
    • H04L25/03019—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception
    • H04L25/03057—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception with a recursive structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L2025/0335—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference characterised by the type of transmission
    • H04L2025/03426—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference characterised by the type of transmission transmission using multiple-input and multiple-output channels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical fiber communication, and more particularly to a method for constructing a modular division multiplexing optical fiber communication system and a constructed optical fiber communication system.
  • multimode fiber-based modular multiplexing technology has received wide attention because it can further improve spectral efficiency.
  • the complexity of the MIMO algorithm used in such systems has become a major factor limiting system expansion. Because as the system capacity expands, the number of multiplexed mode groups increases, and a more complex multiple-input multiple-output algorithm is required to balance the crosstalk between modes of the mode group.
  • a modular multiplexing system based on weakly coupled small-mode fiber has been proposed in recent years to reduce the complexity of the system's multiple-input multiple-output algorithm.
  • the second type is to compensate for inter-mode crosstalk caused by non-orthogonality between OAM modes at the receiving end through multi-input and multi-output balanced digital signals, but similar to small-mode fiber, along with system capacity and transmission mode. With the increase, the complexity of multi-input and multi-output equalization will also increase.
  • the invention solves the defect that the complexity of the multi-input and multi-output algorithm of the communication system provided by the above prior art increases with the number of mode channels, and provides a method for constructing a modular multiplexing optical fiber communication system.
  • a method for constructing a modular multiplexing optical fiber communication system comprising the following contents:
  • the multi-input optical signal is converted into a light propagation mode supported by the refractive index-graded ring-core fiber at the transmitting end, and is multiplexed by the mode multiplexer, and then injected into the refractive index-graded ring-core fiber for transmission;
  • the mode demultiplexer is used to separate different mode groups. Thereafter, the mode optical signals in each mode group are transmitted to the corresponding mode converters, converted into Gaussian mode optical signals capable of supporting single mode fiber transmission, and then The coherent optical receiver detects and receives, and extracts a corresponding complex electrical signal;
  • the 2-way complex optical signal outputted by the coherent optical receiver is recovered by using a digital signal processing algorithm including 2x2 multiple input multiple output equalization;
  • the 4-way complex electrical signal outputted by the coherent optical receiver is recovered by a digital signal processing algorithm including 4x4 multiple input multiple output equalization.
  • the receiving end when the communication system construction method provided by the present invention expands the communication capacity, the receiving end only needs to increase the digital signal processing algorithm including 4 ⁇ 4 multiple input multiple output equalization except that the corresponding mode converter and the coherent optical receiver are added.
  • the digital signal processing module therefore, the complexity of the MIMO algorithm of the communication system does not increase with capacity expansion.
  • the invention utilizes a refractive index-graded ring-core fiber mode to have high isolation between groups, and the mode in the module is degenerate, and except for the fundamental mode (including two modes), the number of modes in the other mode groups is four, and The separation of the internal modes of the mode group requires only 2X2 or 4X4 multiple input multiple output equalization, which reduces the complexity of the digital signal processing algorithm. And when increasing the number of transmission mode groups to expand the communication capacity, only a digital signal processing module based on a digital signal processing algorithm of 4x4 multiple input multiple output equalization is needed, which has high scalability.
  • the method provided by the invention avoids the problem that the complexity of the multi-input and multi-output algorithm increases with the number of mode channels, has low complexity, high scalability, and can be upgraded based on existing commercial optical communication technologies.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the system.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a digital signal processing algorithm/2X2 digital signal processing module including 2X2 multiple input multiple output equalization.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a digital signal processing algorithm/4X4 digital signal processing module including 4x4 multiple input multiple output equalization.
  • the present invention provides a method for constructing a modular multiplexed optical fiber communication system, which includes the following contents:
  • the multi-input optical signal is converted into a light propagation mode supported by the refractive index-graded ring-core fiber at the transmitting end, and is multiplexed by the mode multiplexer, and then injected into the refractive index-graded ring-core fiber for transmission;
  • the mode demultiplexer is used to separate different mode groups. Thereafter, the mode optical signals in each mode group are transmitted to the corresponding mode converters, converted into Gaussian mode optical signals capable of supporting single mode fiber transmission, and then The coherent optical receiver detects and receives, and extracts a corresponding complex electrical signal;
  • the 2-way complex optical signal outputted by the coherent optical receiver is recovered by using a digital signal processing algorithm including 2x2 multiple input multiple output equalization;
  • the 4-way complex electrical signal outputted by the coherent optical receiver is recovered by a digital signal processing algorithm including 4x4 multiple input multiple output equalization.
  • the mode group included in the injected refractive index-grading type toroidal fiber or received by the receiving end includes any one of an orbital angular momentum mode, a linear polarization mode, or a refractive index-graded ring-core optical fiber intrinsic mode.
  • the digital signal processing algorithm including 2x2 multiple input multiple output equalization includes desampling offset and orthogonality recovery, dispersion compensation, clock recovery, 2X2 multiple input multiple output from The steps of adaptive equalization, frequency offset estimation and compensation, carrier phase recovery, forward error correction, signal demodulation and decision.
  • the digital signal processing algorithm including 4x4 multiple input multiple output equalization includes desampling offset and orthogonality recovery, dispersion compensation, clock recovery, 4 ⁇ 4 multiple input multiple output from The steps of adaptive equalization, frequency offset estimation and compensation, carrier phase recovery, forward error correction, signal demodulation and decision.
  • the digital signal processing algorithm including 2x2 or 4 ⁇ 4 multiple input multiple output equalization is a time domain blind equalization algorithm, a frequency domain blind equalization algorithm, and a mixed time domain.
  • the digital signal processing algorithm including 2x2 or 4X4 multiple input multiple output equalization is a constant modulus algorithm and level according to a modulation format of a specific transmission signal. Any one of a multi-mode algorithm, a radius-oriented algorithm, or a least mean square algorithm.
  • this embodiment provides a system using the method of Embodiment 1, as shown in FIG. 1 , and the specific scheme is as follows:
  • n is the number of high-order mode groups or non-zero-order mode groups
  • the output end of the mode multiplexer is connected to the input end of the refractive index grading type core fiber, and the output end of the refractive index grading type ring core fiber is connected to the input end of the mode demultiplexer, and the output of the mode demultiplexer Connected to the input terminals of (2n+1) mode converters B respectively, and the outputs of (2n+1) mode converters B are respectively connected to the input terminals of (2n+1) coherent optical receivers, (2n
  • the input end of the +1) coherent optical receiver is connected to the local light source, and the output of the (2n+1) coherent optical receiver is connected to the 2X2 digital signal processing module or the 4X4 digital signal processing module.
  • the multi-channel input optical signal is converted into a light propagation mode supported by the refractive index-graded ring-core fiber and multiplexed by the mode multiplexer, and then injected into the refractive index-graded ring-core fiber for transmission.
  • the receiving end uses a mode demultiplexer to separate the received signals into (2n+1) different mode groups, and then the modes in (2n+1) different mode groups are respectively transmitted to (2n+1)
  • the mode converter B converts and converts into a Gaussian mode optical signal capable of supporting single mode fiber transmission, and then is received by (2n+1) coherent optical receivers respectively, and (2n+1) coherent optical receivers extract Corresponding complex electrical signals.
  • the 2X2 digital signal processing module is used to recover the signal; for the non-zero-order mode group, the 4-way complex number is output after being received by the coherent optical receiver.
  • the electrical signal is recovered by the 4X4 digital signal processing module.
  • the optical communication system further includes (2n+1) mode converters A and (2n+1) polarization multiplexing optical transmitters, where (2n+1) The outputs of the polarization-multiplexed optical transmitters are respectively connected to the input terminals of (2n+1) mode converters A, and the outputs of the (2n+1) mode converters A are connected to the input terminals of the mode multiplexer .
  • (2n+1) polarization multiplexed optical transmitters are used to generate multiple input optical signals
  • (2n+1) mode converters A are used to convert multiple input optical signals into refractive index grading type annular optical fibers. Supported light propagation modes.
  • the number of the 2 ⁇ 2 digital signal processing modules (DSP-0) is one, and the number of the 4 ⁇ 4 digital signal processing modules (DSP-L) is n; 1
  • the input end of the 2X2 digital signal processing module is connected to the output end of the coherent optical receiver corresponding to the zero-order mode group; the input end of one 4X4 digital signal processing module is coherent with two non-zero-order modes having the same absolute value of the order
  • the output of the optical receiver is connected.
  • the 2 ⁇ 2 digital signal processing module includes a sampling offset and orthogonality recovery sub-module, a dispersion compensation sub-module, and a clock recovery sub-module, which are sequentially connected, 2X2 multiple input multiple output adaptive equalization sub-module, frequency offset estimation and compensation sub-module, carrier phase recovery sub-module, forward error correction and demodulation and decision sub-module.
  • the 4 ⁇ 4 digital signal processing module includes a sampling offset and orthogonality recovery sub-module, a dispersion compensation sub-module, and a clock recovery sub-module, which are sequentially connected, 4X4 multiple input multiple output adaptive equalization sub-module, frequency offset estimation and compensation sub-module, carrier phase recovery sub-module, forward error correction and demodulation and decision sub-module.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法，包括以下内容：在发射端将多路输入光信号转换为折射率渐变型环芯光纤所支持的光传播模式，经过模式复用器复用后，注入折射率渐变型环芯光纤中进行传输；在接收端首先通过模式解复用器将不同模式组光信号分开；对于模组内部模式的分离，采用多路接收并基于输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理方法进行处理：对于基模式组和高阶模式组内模式的分离，分别采用2x2和4x4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法进行恢复处理。本发明所述方法在增加模式组以扩展通信容量时，仅需要重复地增加光接收机和基于4X4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理模块。与现有技术相比，本发明具有复杂度低、可扩展性高和易于升级的特点。

Description

模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法及构建的光纤通信*** 技术领域
本发明涉及光纤通信领域，更具体地，涉及一种模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法及构建的光纤通信***。
背景技术
近年来，基于多模光纤的模分复用技术，由于其可以进一步提高频谱效率，而受到广泛关注。然而，此类***所用的多输入多输出均衡算法的复杂度成为限制***扩展的主要因素。因为随着***容量的扩展，复用的模式组数增加，需要更高复杂度的多输入多输出算法才能均衡模式组各个模式之间的相互串扰。基于弱耦合少模光纤的模分复用***近年来被提出，以降低***多输入多输出算法复杂度。在这些方案中仅需要2X2或者4X4的多输入多输出算法来均衡模式组内部的线性偏振(LP)模式间串扰，但是随着***容量的扩展以及模式组数的增加，对于更高阶的模式组，比如LP41,LP32等，其每个模式组包含的简并模式数多于4个，利用4X4的多输入多输出算法将难以实现模式组内部模式间串扰的均衡。
与此同时，基于轨道角动量(OAM)模分复用的通信***，因其原则上具有无限数目、相互正交的本征模式而受到广泛关注。近几年来，基于OAM模分复用的光纤通信***被相继报导，其采取的复用方式主要分为两类：第一类是尝试维持所有OAM模式间的正交性，从而通过模式解复用器在物理上实现所有模式的复用和解复用。此类方法由于受到***缺陷以及传输环境的不稳定性等因素影响，很难在较长距离传输中保证OAM模式间的正交性，因而限制了***的传输距离。第二类方式则是在接收端通过多输入多输出均衡的数字信号方式来补偿OAM模式间的非正交性带来的模式间串扰，但是类似于少模光纤，随着***容量和传输模式的增加，多输入多输出均衡的复杂度也会随之增长。
发明内容
本发明为解决以上现有技术提供的通信***多输入多输出算法复杂度会随着模式信道的数量而增长的缺陷，提供了一种模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法。
为实现以上发明目的，采用的技术方案是：
一种模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法，包括以下内容：
在发射端将多路输入光信号转换为折射率渐变型环芯光纤所支持的光传播模式，经过模式复用器复用后，注入折射率渐变型环芯光纤中进行传输；
在接收端采用模式解复用器分离不同的模式组，此后每个模式组内的模式光信号被传输至相应的模式转换器，转换成可支持单模光纤传输的高斯模式光信号，然后被相干光接收机探测接收，提取出相应的复数电信号；
对于基模式组或零阶模式组被相干光接收机接收后输出的2路复数光信号，采用包含2x2多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法进行恢复处理；
对于高阶模式组或非零阶模式组被相干光接收机接收后输出的4路复数电信号，采用包含4x4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法进行恢复处理。上述方案中，本发明提供的通信***构建方法在扩展通信容量时，接收端除了增加相应的模式转换器和相干光接收机外，仅需要增加包含4x4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法的数字信号处理模块，因此通信***的多输入多输出算法复杂度不会随着扩容而增加。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明利用折射率渐变型环芯光纤模式组间隔离度高，模组内模式简并，且除基模(包含两个模式)外，其余模式组内模式数量都为四个的特点，而模式组内部模式的分离仅需要2X2或者4X4多输入多输出均衡，降低了数字信号处理算法的复杂度。并且在增加传输模式组数量以扩展通信容量时，仅需要增加基于4x4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法的数字信号处理模块，具有较高的可扩展性。本发明提供的方法避免了多输入多输出算法复杂度随着模式信道数量增长的问题，具有复杂度低、可扩展性高和可基于现有商用光通信技术升级的特点。
附图说明
图1为***的构建示意图。
图2为包含2X2多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法/2X2数字信号处理模块的示意图。
图3为包含4x4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法/4X4数字信号处理模块的示意图。
具体实施方式
附图仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的阐述。
实施例1
以轨道角动量(OAM)模分复用光纤通信为例，如图1所示，本发明提供了一种模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法，包括以下内容：
在发射端将多路输入光信号转换为折射率渐变型环芯光纤所支持的光传播模式，经过模式复用器复用后，注入折射率渐变型环芯光纤中进行传输；
在接收端采用模式解复用器分离不同的模式组，此后每个模式组内的模式光信号被传输至相应的模式转换器，转换成可支持单模光纤传输的高斯模式光信号，然后被相干光接收机探测接收，提取出相应的复数电信号；
对于基模式组或零阶模式组被相干光接收机接收后输出的2路复数光信号，采用包含2x2多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法进行恢复处理；
对于高阶模式组或非零阶模式组被相干光接收机接收后输出的4路复数电信号，采用包含4x4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法进行恢复处理。
其中，所述注入折射率渐变型环芯光纤中或接收端接收的模式组所包含的模式为轨道角动量模式、线偏振模式或折射率渐变型环芯光纤本征模式中任一种。
在具体地实施过程中，如图2所示，所述包含2x2多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法包括去采样偏移与正交性恢复、色散补偿、时钟恢复、2X2多输入多输出自适应均衡、频偏估计与补偿、载波相位恢复、前向纠错、信号解调与判决这些步骤。
在具体地实施过程中，如图3所示，所述包含4x4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法包括去采样偏移与正交性恢复、色散补偿、时钟恢复、4X4多输入多输出自适应均衡、频偏估计与补偿、载波相位恢复、前向纠错、信号解调与判决这些步骤。
在具体地实施过程中，根据具体的网络环境和光纤传输距离不同，所述包含2x2或4X4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法为时域盲均衡算法、频域盲均衡算法、混合时域频域盲均衡算法、基于训练序列的频域均衡算法中任一种；根据具体传输信号的调制格式不同，所述包含2x2或4X4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法为恒模算法、级联多模算法、半径导向算法或者最小均方算法中任一种。
实施例2
以轨道角动量(OAM)模分复用光纤通信为例，本实施例提供了一种应用实施例1方法的***，如图1所示，其具体的方案如下：
包括模式复用器、折射率渐变型环芯光纤、模式解复用器、(2n+1)个模式转换器B、(2n+1)个相干光接收机、2X2数字信号处理模块和4X4数字信号处理模块；n为高阶模式组或者非零阶模式组的个数；
其中模式复用器的输出端与折射率渐变型环芯光纤的输入端连接，折射率渐变型环芯光纤的输出端与模式解复用器的输入端连接，模式解复用器的输出端分别与(2n+1)个模式转换器B的输入端连接，(2n+1)个模式转换器B的输出端分别与(2n+1)个相干光接收机的输入端二连接，(2n+1)个相干光接收机的输入端一与本地光源连接，(2n+1)个相干光接收机的输出端与2X2数字信号处理模块或4X4数字信号处理模块连接。
其中，上述***的工作过程如下：多路输入光信号转换为折射率渐变型环芯光纤所支持的光传播模式并经过模式复用器复用后，注入折射率渐变型环芯光纤中进行传输；接收端采用模式解复用器将接收到的信号分离为(2n+1)个不同的模式组，然后(2n+1)个不同的模式组内的模式分别被传输至(2n+1)个模式转换器B中进行转换，转换成可支持单模光纤传输的高斯模式光信号，然后分别被(2n+1)个相干光接收机接收，(2n+1)个相干光接收机提取出相应的复数电信号。对于零阶模式组被相干光接收机接收后输出的2路复数光信号，采用2X2数字信号处理模块对信号进行恢复处理；对于非零阶模式组被相干光接收机接收后输出的4路复数电信号，采用4X4数字信号处理模块对信号进行恢复处理。
在具体的实施过程中，如图1所示，所述光通信***还包括有(2n+1)个模式转换器A和(2n+1)个偏振复用光发射机，其中(2n+1)个偏振复用光发射机的输出端分别与(2n+1)个模式转换器A的输入端连接，(2n+1)个模式转换器A的输出端与模式复用器的输入端连接。
其中(2n+1)个偏振复用光发射机用于产生多路输入光信号，(2n+1)个模式转换器A用于将多路输入光信号转换为折射率渐变型环芯光纤所支持的光传播模式。
在具体的实施过程中，如图1所示，所述2X2数字信号处理模块(DSP-0)的数量为1个，所述4X4数字信号处理模块(DSP-L)的数量为n个；其中1个 2X2数字信号处理模块的输入端与零阶模式组对应的相干光接收机的输出端连接；1个4X4数字信号处理模块的输入端与阶数绝对值相同的2个非零阶模式对应的相干光接收机的输出端连接。
在具体的实施过程中，如图2所示，所述2X2数字信号处理模块(DSP-0)包括依次连接的采样偏移与正交性恢复子模块、色散补偿子模块、时钟恢复子模块、2X2多输入多输出自适应均衡子模块、频偏估计与补偿子模块、载波相位恢复子模块、前向纠错和解调与判决子模块。
在具体的实施过程中，如图3所示，所述4X4数字信号处理模块(DSP-L)包括依次连接的采样偏移与正交性恢复子模块、色散补偿子模块、时钟恢复子模块、4X4多输入多输出自适应均衡子模块、频偏估计与补偿子模块、载波相位恢复子模块、前向纠错和解调与判决子模块。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法，其特征在于：包括以下内容：
    在发射端将多路输入光信号转换为折射率渐变型环芯光纤所支持的光传播模式，经过模式复用器复用后，注入折射率渐变型环芯光纤中进行传输；
    在接收端采用模式解复用器分离不同的模式组，此后每个模式组内的模式光信号被传输至相应的模式转换器，转换成可支持单模光纤传输的高斯模式光信号，然后被相干光接收机探测接收，提取出相应的复数电信号；
    对于基模式组或零阶模式组被相干光接收机接收后输出的2路复数光信号，采用包含2x2多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法进行恢复处理；
    对于高阶模式组或非零阶模式组被相干光接收机接收后输出的4路复数电信号，采用包含4x4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法进行恢复处理。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法，其特征在于：所述注入折射率渐变型环芯光纤中或接收端接收的模式组所包含的模式为轨道角动量模式、线偏振模式或折射率渐变型环芯光纤本征模式中任一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法，其特征在于：所述包含2x2多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法包括去采样偏移与正交性恢复、色散补偿、时钟恢复、2X2多输入多输出自适应均衡、频偏估计与补偿、载波相位恢复、前向纠错、信号解调与判决这些步骤。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法，其特征在于：所述包含4x4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法包括去采样偏移与正交性恢复、色散补偿、时钟恢复、4X4多输入多输出自适应均衡、频偏估计与补偿、载波相位恢复、前向纠错、信号解调与判决这些步骤。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的模分复用光纤通信***的构建方法，其特征在于：根据具体的网络环境和光纤传输距离不同，所述包含2x2或4X4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法为时域盲均衡算法、频域盲均衡算法、混合时域频域盲均衡算法、基于训练序列的频域均衡算法中任一种；根据具体传输信号的调制格式不同，所述包含2x2或4X4多输入多输出均衡的数字信号处理算法为恒模算法、级联多模算法、半径导向算法或者最小均方算法中任一种。
  6. 一种根据权利要求1～5任一项所述构建方法所构建的光纤通信***，其特 征在于：包括模式复用器、折射率渐变型环芯光纤、模式解复用器、(2n+1)个模式转换器B、(2n+1)个相干光接收机、2X2数字信号处理模块和4X4数字信号处理模块；n为高阶模式组或者非零阶模式组的个数；
    其中模式复用器的输出端与折射率渐变型环芯光纤的输入端连接，折射率渐变型环芯光纤的输出端与模式解复用器的输入端连接，模式解复用器的输出端分别与(2n+1)个模式转换器B的输入端连接，(2n+1)个模式转换器B的输出端分别与(2n+1)个相干光接收机的输入端二连接，(2n+1)个相干光接收机的输入端一与本地光源连接，(2n+1)个相干光接收机的输出端与2X2数字信号处理模块或4X4数字信号处理模块连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光纤通信***，其特征在于：所述光纤通信***还包括有(2n+1)个模式转换器A和(2n+1)个偏振复用光发射机，其中(2n+1)个偏振复用光发射机的输出端分别与(2n+1)个模式转换器A的输入端连接，(2n+1)个模式转换器A的输出端与模式复用器的输入端连接。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的光纤通信***，其特征在于：所述2X2数字信号处理模块的数量为1个，所述4X4数字信号处理模块的数量为n个；其中1个2X2数字信号处理模块的输入端与基模式组或零阶模式组对应的相干光接收机的输出端连接；1个4X4数字信号处理模块的输入端与1个高阶模式组或者非零阶模式组对应的相干光接收机的输出端连接。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的光纤通信***，其特征在于：所述2X2数字信号处理模块包括依次连接的采样偏移与正交性恢复子模块、色散补偿子模块、时钟恢复子模块、2X2多输入多输出自适应均衡子模块、频偏估计与补偿子模块、载波相位恢复子模块、前向纠错和信号解调与判决子模块。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的光纤通信***，其特征在于：所述4X4数字信号处理模块包括依次连接的采样偏移与正交性恢复子模块、色散补偿子模块、时钟恢复子模块、4X4多输入多输出自适应均衡子模块、频偏估计与补偿子模块、载波相位恢复子模块、前向纠错和信号解调与判决子模块。
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