WO2018195903A1 - Procédé d'accès à un canal dans une période de contention, dispositif associé, et système - Google Patents

Procédé d'accès à un canal dans une période de contention, dispositif associé, et système Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018195903A1
WO2018195903A1 PCT/CN2017/082386 CN2017082386W WO2018195903A1 WO 2018195903 A1 WO2018195903 A1 WO 2018195903A1 CN 2017082386 W CN2017082386 W CN 2017082386W WO 2018195903 A1 WO2018195903 A1 WO 2018195903A1
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link
sta
channel
idle
available
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PCT/CN2017/082386
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李德建
刘劲楠
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/082386 priority Critical patent/WO2018195903A1/fr
Publication of WO2018195903A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018195903A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a channel access method, related device and system in a competition period.
  • the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna usually adopt an antenna array with a large-scale antenna array element or a set of switchable beam antennas to form a directional analog beam, and form an aligned transmitting beam and a receiving beam by beamforming training to close Communication links or extended coverage. Therefore, in some millimeter-wave technology standards (such as the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE 802.11ad and 802.11ay standards for the 60 GHz band), the process of analog beamforming training is designed to enable the communicating parties to determine their optimal transmit sectors or Receive sector. At the same time, due to the directional transmission based on analog beamforming, the directional transmission of wireless signals makes spatial reuse feasible.
  • the receiving station STA (English: Station, Chinese: station) cannot know which STA will send data to itself, so the receiving antenna cannot be directed to the beam of the transmitting STA, but only the quasi-full
  • the receiving antenna mode is such that the wireless signals of multiple transmitting STAs from different directions are simultaneously received by the receiving STA on the same channel, thereby causing interference, and the signals cannot be correctly received, and the receiving STA cannot distinguish which transmitting STA It is desirable to send a signal to itself, and it is also impossible to form a receiving beam to the transmitting STA, causing spatial multiplexing to fail.
  • STA3 and STA4 already exist.
  • the communication link, and the working antenna patterns of STA3 and STA4 have been subjected to beamforming training and employ directional transmit beams and directional receive beams.
  • STA2 it does not know which STA will send data to itself, so STA2 can only configure the antenna mode to quasi-omni mode (English: Quasi-Omni Pattern), and the quasi-omnidirectional mode will cause STA2 to be sent.
  • the interference of STA3 of the data (this is because STA2 is in the direction of the transmit beam from which STA3 transmits data to STA4).
  • STA1 wants to send data to STA2
  • the antenna is configured to point to the transmit beam of STA2
  • physical carrier sense English: Carrier Sensing, CS for short
  • virtual carrier sense for example, NAV of MAC layer (English: Network Allocation) Vector, Chinese: Network Assignment Vector)
  • STA2 cannot successfully receive the RTS frame/data frame sent by STA1 to itself. Therefore, the antenna of STA2 cannot be configured as the antenna mode for communication with STA1.
  • STA1's receiving beam prevents STA2 from performing subsequent directed carrier sensing, and thus cannot successfully establish a spatially multiplexed new link with STA1, resulting in spatial multiplexing failure.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a channel access method during a contention period, including:
  • the first station STA (ie, the first STA) performs carrier sensing CS on the at least one first available link, and obtains at least one idle first link and a first idle channel corresponding to each of the first links;
  • the CTS frame carries link information of at least one second link and bandwidth information of a second idle channel corresponding to each of the second links, where the second The idle channel is determined by the second STA for the second link, and the second link is determined by the link information of the first link;
  • the first station STA is the first sending station STA in the specification
  • the second STA is the first receiving station STA in the manual.
  • the performing carrier sensing CS on the at least one first available link comprises: performing carrier sensing on the at least one first available link in sequence according to a link quality from high to low. CS.
  • the first available link comprises a single-input single-output SISO link
  • one SISO link corresponds to one transmit beam and/or one transmit beam
  • the carrier sense CS for at least one available link includes: configuring an antenna according to a transmit beam corresponding to each SISO link in the at least one SISO link, and performing carrier sense CS on at least one channel in a beam direction of the transmit beam.
  • the transmit beam and the receive beam are paired. If the first STA stores a certain transmit beam, it must know the receive beam corresponding to the transmit beam.
  • One transmit beam or one receive beam corresponds to one beam direction, and each beam direction corresponds to at least one channel.
  • the first available link includes a multiple input multiple output MIMO link, one MIMO link corresponds to one beam combination, and the carrier sense CS is performed on at least one first available link, including: The at least one MIMO link corresponds to each of the transmit beams to configure an antenna, and the carrier sense CS is performed on at least one channel in a beam direction of each of the transmit beams.
  • one beam combination includes at least one beam, one beam corresponds to one beam direction, and each beam direction corresponds to at least one channel.
  • the sending, to the second STA, an RTS frame on the first idle channel includes: from at least one of the first links according to a link quality of at least one of the first links Selecting a first link with the best link quality, and sending an RTS frame to the second STA on the first idle channel corresponding to the first link with the best link quality.
  • the second link is an idle link determined by the second STA after CS is performed on at least one of the first links
  • the third link is at least one of the second The link with the best link quality in the link. Since the link corresponds to the beam/beam combination, the idle link refers to the completion of the antenna configuration according to the beam/beam combination corresponding to the link, and after the CS is performed, the beam/beam combination corresponding to the link has at least one idle. channel.
  • the CTS frame does not need to carry the link information of the at least one second link; that is, if the second link when the CTS frame is sent and the second link when the RTS frame is sent If a link is the same, the CTS frame does not need to explicitly carry the link information of the at least one second link, but implicitly indicates that the CTS frame and the RTS frame adopt the same link. Send it.
  • the second link is different from the first link, and before the data is sent to the second STA on the third idle channel corresponding to the third link, the method further includes: The first STA performs CS on at least one of the second links, and obtains at least one idle fourth link and a fourth idle channel corresponding to each of the fourth links; the third link is at least one The link with the best link quality in the fourth link.
  • the second link is different from the first link, and before the data is sent to the second STA on the third idle channel corresponding to the third link, the method further includes: The first STA sends a CTS frame in the idle third link, where the CTS frame carries the idle channel information corresponding to the third link of the first STA, and the receiving address of the CTS frame is set to the second STA's own
  • the MAC address is separated from the CTS frame sent by the second STA by a short Inter Interframe Space (SIFS).
  • SIFS short Inter Interframe Space
  • the carrier sense CS comprises a physical CS and/or a virtual CS; the physical CS is directed idle for a beam corresponding to each of the first available links of the at least one first available link a channel evaluation CCA, the directional CCA configuring an antenna as a beam corresponding to the first available link; the virtual CS being a network allocation corresponding to each first available link in the at least one first available link
  • the vector NAV determines that the NAV is used to indicate whether the channel corresponding to the first available link is idle.
  • the carrier sense CS includes a physical CS and a virtual CS
  • the performing carrier sensing CS on the at least one first available link includes: performing virtual CS on the at least one first available link And performing physical CS on the idle link when the virtual CS indicates that the at least one first available link has an idle link.
  • the first idle channel includes a plurality of idle channels (such as a first channel and a second channel in the specification), and the transmitting the RTS frame to the second STA on the first idle channel, including : the RTS frame transmitted by the first STA on the plurality of idle channels in the first idle channel by the duplicate physical layer protocol data unit PPDU. That is, the RTS frame is transmitted on a plurality of idle channels in the first idle channel with duplicate physical layer protocol data units.
  • the RTS frame also carries information such as a receiving address, a sending address, and the like.
  • the sending address here may include a MAC address of the first STA
  • the receiving address may include a MAC address of the second STA.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides another channel access method for a contention period, including:
  • the second station STA receives an RTS frame sent by the first STA on the at least one first idle channel, where the RTS frame carries link information of at least one first link and a first corresponding to each of the first links Bandwidth information of the idle channel;
  • the method further includes: when the receiving address in the RTS frame is different from the MAC address of the second STA, the second STA is according to the RTS The number carried by the frame Link information of a link is updated with a network allocation vector NAV, where the NAV is used to indicate whether a channel corresponding to the first link is idle;
  • the receiving address in the RTS frame is the same as the MAC address of the second STA, if the second STA receives the first STA to copy the physical layer protocol data unit PPDU in the first idle channel
  • the RTS frame sent on the multiple idle channels the performing the carrier sensing CS on the at least one second available link, including: the second STA is on multiple idle channels in the first idle channel Conduct CS.
  • the performing carrier sensing CS on the at least one second available link comprises: performing carrier sensing on the at least one second available link in sequence according to a link quality from high to low. CS.
  • the second available link includes the at least one first link
  • the carrier sensing CS is performed on the at least one second available link, including: the at least one of the first A carrier sensing CS is performed on the first idle channel corresponding to each of the first links in the link.
  • the at least one second available link includes an available link that is removed from the at least one first link, and the carrier sense CS is performed on the at least one second available link, including: Carrier sense CS is performed on the at least one channel corresponding to the available link except the at least one first link, and one available link corresponds to at least one channel.
  • the second available link includes a SISO link
  • one SISO link corresponds to one transmit beam and/or receive beam
  • the at least one second available link performs carrier sense CS, including: Configuring an antenna according to a transmit beam corresponding to each SISO link in the at least one SISO link, performing carrier sense CS on at least one channel in a beam direction of the transmit beam; wherein, one transmit beam or receive beam corresponds to One beam direction, corresponding to at least one channel in each beam direction.
  • the second available link includes a MIMO link, one MIMO link corresponds to one beam combination, and the at least one second available link performs carrier sensing CS, including: according to the at least one The MIMO link configures an antenna for each of the transmit beams, and performs carrier sense CS on at least one channel in a beam direction of each of the transmit beams; wherein one beam combination includes at least one beam, and one beam corresponds to one The beam direction has at least one channel corresponding to each beam direction.
  • the feeding back the CTS frame to the first STA on the second idle channel including: according to at least one link quality of the second link, from at least one of the second chain A second link with the best link quality is selected in the path; and the CTS frame is sent to the first STA on the second idle channel corresponding to the second link with the best link quality.
  • the carrier sense CS comprises a physical CS and/or a virtual CS; the physical CS is directed CCA for a beam corresponding to each of the second available links of the at least one second available link And locating the antenna as a beam corresponding to the second available link; the virtual CS is determined according to a network allocation vector NAV corresponding to each second available link of the at least one second available link The NAV is used to indicate whether a channel corresponding to the second available link is idle.
  • the carrier sense CS includes a physical CS and a virtual CS
  • the performing carrier sensing CS on the at least one second available link includes: performing virtual CS on the at least one second available link And performing physical CS on the idle link when the virtual CS indicates that the at least one second available link has an idle link.
  • the second STA sends an RTS frame and the first The interval between the STA feedback CTS frames is greater than or equal to the short interframe space SIFS.
  • the link information includes any one or more of the following: a link identifier, an identifier of a beam corresponding to the link, and an identifier of the antenna corresponding to the link.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a first STA, including a functional unit for performing the method of the foregoing first aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a second STA, including a functional unit for performing the method of the foregoing second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a first STA, including a memory, a communication interface, and a processor coupled to the memory and a communication interface; the memory is configured to store an instruction, and the processor is configured to execute the The communication interface is configured to communicate with other devices under control of the processor; wherein the processor executes the instructions to perform the method described in the first aspect above.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a second STA, including a memory, a communication interface, and a processor coupled to the memory and a communication interface; the memory is configured to store an instruction, and the processor is configured to execute the And the communication interface is configured to communicate with other devices under the control of the processor; wherein the processor executes the instructions to perform the method described in the second aspect above.
  • the seventh aspect provides a channel access system of a contention period, including a first STA and a second STA, where the first STA may be the first STA described in the foregoing third aspect or the fifth aspect; The second STA may be the second STA described in the foregoing fourth aspect or the sixth aspect.
  • a computer readable storage medium storing program code for channel access during a contention period.
  • the program code includes instructions for performing the method described in the first aspect above.
  • a ninth invention provides a computer readable storage medium storing program code for channel access during a contention period.
  • the program code includes instructions for performing the method described in the second aspect above.
  • the second transmission opportunity TXOP can be established on the link where both the first STA and the second STA are idle and the idle channel corresponding to the link, so that the first TXOP and the second TXOP are both It can be multiplexed both in frequency and spatially.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a station antenna direction during a competition period access according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a principle of generating interference between multiple transmitting STAs during a contention period in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a station antenna direction during a competition period access according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a channel access method during a contention period according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of transmission of channel aggregation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of STA1 and STA2 having channel bonding capability contending for a channel and establishing TXOP2 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of establishing a TXOP2 on a first channel when STA1 has a channel binding capability and STA2 does not have a channel binding capability according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of establishing a TXOP2 on a second channel when STA1 has a channel binding capability and STA2 does not have a channel binding capability according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of determining beam combinations available for spatial multiplexing TXOP2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a channel access system in a competition period according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device, that is, a first sending STA or a first receiving STA, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a channel access method during the competition period is proposed.
  • the execution of the method may depend on transmitting the first transmitting STA and acting as the first receiving STA in a communication system having an analog beamforming training procedure.
  • the first transmitting STA and the first receiving STA may be millimeter wave communication transceivers using analog beamforming technology, such as STAs in 802.11ad or 802.11ay standards.
  • the application scenario of the method can be referred to as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the first transmitting STA (ie, STA1 in FIG. 3) wishes to directionally transmit data to the first receiving STA (ie, STA2 in FIG. 3), and STA2 is in a quasi-omnidirectional receiving state.
  • the second transmitting STA ie, STA3 in FIG. 3) has obtained a first transmission opportunity TXOP1 by contention on the first channel (including the primary channel) and another reception as the receiving STA.
  • the STA (ie, STA4 in FIG. 3) transmits data.
  • the receiving STA2 is in the beam direction in which the STA3 sends the data to the STA4 in the TXOP1, that is, when the STA2 adopts the quasi-omnidirectional receiving antenna configuration, it is interfered by the wireless signal sent by the STA3 to the STA4.
  • STA3 obtains a first TXOP (ie, TXOP1) by contention on the first channel in the beam direction pointing to STA4, and transmits data to STA4.
  • the first transmitting STA ie, STA1 wishes to transmit data to the first receiving STA (ie, STA2), and STA2 is in the quasi-omnidirectional receiving state.
  • both STA1 and STA2 use an enhanced virtual carrier sensing mechanism, that is, each STA uses multiple network allocation vectors NAV, and each NAV corresponds to at least one transmit beam and/or receive beam.
  • Each NAV may include beam direction information of a TXOP holder and a responder in addition to the duration of the TXOP or the MAC address of the source and destination STAs of the TXOP as before, and/or The TXOP corresponds to the channel information of the link.
  • the beam direction information of the link corresponding to the TXOP may refer to the receiving beam of the source STA and the destination STA.
  • the STA1 and the STA2 may be added by the STA3 and the STA4 after the RTS frame and/or the CTS frame.
  • the beamforming training sequence (eg, automatic gain control AGC field and/or TRN field) is obtained by BF training, or obtained by the receiver based on the RTS frame at the beginning of TXOP1 and/or the sender of the CTS frame in the previous BF training.
  • Receive beam information For example, when receiving the RTS frame and/or the CTS frame, STA1 and STA2 determine that the RTS frame and/or the CTS frame arrives at the receiving antenna according to the beamforming training sequence added by the STA3 and STA4 after the RTS frame and/or the CTS frame.
  • the training result recorded by the STA in the previous BF training ie, the receive beam corresponding to the transmit beam is determined to determine that it can receive the receive beam of the RTS and/or CTS frame.
  • the channel information of the TXOP corresponding link refers to the channel occupied by the TXOP, and can be obtained by the channel bandwidth (BW) information carried by the RTS/CTS frame.
  • BW channel bandwidth
  • STA1 receives the request transmission signal RTS frame sent by STA3, it obtains the direction information between itself and STA3 by retrieving the stored BF training result of the previous period and STA3, wherein the direction information includes the transmission when STA1 communicates with STA3.
  • Sector/Antenna Weight Vector (AWV) and Receive Sector/Receive AWV specifically, may be the number of the reception sector in which STA1 points to STA3. It should be noted that in the present invention, a beam has the same meaning as a sector/AWV and can be replaced with each other.
  • NAV1 the first NAV, denoted as NAV1
  • NAV1 records the time, frequency, and space of TXOP1 in multiple dimensions.
  • Information including the start time and duration of TXOP1, the first channel in which TXOP1 is located, and the beam direction information of the holder and responder of TXOP1 (eg, transmission between STA3 and STA4, respectively) Beam / Transmit Sector / Transmit AWV and Receive Beam / Receive Sector / Receive AWV).
  • STA2 records a NAV2 associated with TXOP1.
  • the first transmitting STA may detect the first TXOP (ie, TXOP1) of the second transmitting STA (ie, STA3) on the first channel, and store related information of the first TXOP in the first network allocation vector.
  • the related information includes, as described in the foregoing related content, for example, the holder of the TXOP1 and the spatial direction information of the responder, the start time and duration of the TXOP1, and the like.
  • the first receiving STA may also detect the first TXOP (ie, TXOP1) of the second transmitting STA (ie, STA3) on the first channel, and store related information of the first TXOP in the second network allocation vector NAV,
  • TXOP ie, TXOP1
  • STA3 the second transmitting STA
  • the request to send signal RTS frame and the clear transmit signal CTS frame in this embodiment may be RTS frames and CTS frames commonly used in wireless local area network WLAN and wireless personal area network WPAN networks, as defined in the 802.11ad/ay standard.
  • RTS frames and directional multi-gigabit (DMG) CTS frames may be RTS frames and directional multi-gigabit (DMG) CTS frames.
  • the channel access method of the contention period may be performed. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the method includes:
  • Step S101 The first transmitting STA performs carrier sensing CS on the at least one first available link, and obtains at least one idle first link and a first idle channel corresponding to each of the first links.
  • the available link may include a single-input single-output (SISO) link, a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) link, or other types.
  • SISO single-input single-output
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
  • the available link may also be referred to as a beam link.
  • one SISO link corresponds to one beam.
  • One beam corresponds to one beam direction, and each beam direction corresponds to one or more channels.
  • the beam refers to a transmit beam and/or a receive beam.
  • the beam here can be understood as a transmitting sector/transmitting AWV and/or a receiving sector/receiving AWV.
  • one MIMO link corresponds to one beam combination, which may include one transmit beam combination and/or one receive beam combination.
  • One beam combination includes multiple beams. That is, a MIMO link includes beam direction information of each beam in the beam combination, and antenna number information corresponding to each beam.
  • the STA may detect one or more channels corresponding to one beam direction, that is, one beam direction may correspond to at least one channel.
  • the beam direction information refers to sector number information corresponding to the beam (such as the sector ID corresponding to the beam), or the analog precoding AWV corresponding to the beam.
  • the first transmitting STA performs carrier sensing (CS) on one or more channels in the corresponding beam direction of the at least one first available link, and obtains at least one idle first link (ie, There is a beam direction of the idle channel) and a first idle channel corresponding to each of the first links.
  • the number of the first idle channels may be one or more.
  • the first idle channel includes: ⁇ primary X1 channel, primary X2 channel, secondary channel 1, secondary channel 2 ⁇ , where X1 and X2 represent channel bandwidth, and main X1
  • the channel represents a channel having a bandwidth of X1 of the primary channel, and the secondary channel 1 and the secondary channel 2 respectively represent a secondary channel that does not include the primary channel.
  • the RTS frame is transmitted on the idle first idle channel in the form of a duplicate PPDU, and the channel bandwidth information indicates a specifically occupied channel (ie, the first idle channel) of the RTS frame.
  • Step S102 The first sending STA sends an RTS frame to the first receiving STA on the first idle channel, where the RTS frame carries the link information of the first link and the first idle channel. Bandwidth information.
  • the link information may include any one or more of the following: an identifier of a transmit beam/transmission sector, an identifier of a transmit antenna, an identifier of a receive beam/receive sector, an identifier of a receive antenna, and a transmission.
  • the link information may be carried by a Control Trailer portion of the RTS frame, and the bandwidth information of the first idle channel is carried by a Legacy Header field.
  • the first sending station STA may also be referred to as a first station STA
  • the first receiving STA may also be referred to as a second station STA.
  • Step S103 Correspondingly, the first receiving STA receives the RTS frame sent by the first sending STA.
  • the first receiving STA receives the RTS frame in the omnidirectional receiving mode in the antenna configuration.
  • the antenna is generally configured in a quasi-omnidirectional receiving mode.
  • Step S104 The first receiving STA performs carrier sensing CS on at least one second available link, and obtains at least one idle second link and a second idle channel corresponding to each of the second links, where The second available link is determined by the link information of the first link.
  • the first receiving STA may parse the RTS frame, and learn the link information of the at least one first link carried by the RTS frame and the bandwidth information of the first idle channel corresponding to each of the first links. Then, according to the link information of the at least one first link carried in the RTS frame and the bandwidth information of the first idle channel corresponding to each of the first links, The first receiving STA may perform CS on the first idle channel corresponding to each of the first links, and obtain at least one second link that is idle and a second idle channel that is corresponding to each of the second links.
  • the second link is a subset of the at least one first link, that is, the second link belongs to a link in the at least one first link.
  • the at least one second available link in step S104 includes at least one of the first links.
  • the first receiving STA when the first receiving STA performs CS on each of the first links, the first receiving STA may be in the first chain, when the first link is busy on any channel.
  • One or more other available links ie, at least one second available link
  • the second link in step S104 does not belong to the link in the at least one first link, and the at least one second available link includes the removal of the at least one first link.
  • One or more other available links supported and pre-stored by the transceiver when the first receiving STA performs CS on each of the first links, the first receiving STA may be in the first chain, when the first link is busy on any channel.
  • One or more other available links ie, at least one second available link
  • the second link in step S104 does not belong to the link in the at least one first link, and the at least one second available link includes the removal of the at least one first link.
  • the second idle channel is an idle channel determined when the first receiving STA performs CS on the second link, and the second link is determined by link information of the first link.
  • the second link does not include a higher quality link that has been excluded by multiple of the first links. For example, between the first transmitting STA and the first receiving STA, there are three available links (link 1, link 2, link 3) sorted by link quality, if the first link The link information includes ⁇ link 2, link 3 ⁇ , then the first receiving STA no longer performs CS on link 1, but uses ⁇ link 2, link 3 ⁇ as the second link for CS. .
  • the first receiving STA When the CS is performed on each of the first links, the first receiving STA needs to obtain the receiving beam information corresponding to the first link according to the link information of the at least one first link carried in the RTS frame, and configure the antenna. For the received beam/receive beam combination, a physical CS is performed on the first idle channel. Optionally, before the first receiving STA performs physical CS on each of the first links, first check whether the virtual CS corresponding to the first link indicates that the channel is idle.
  • the virtual CS may be a network allocation vector (NAV) corresponding to a beam/beam combination corresponding to the first link, or all links share one or more NAVs.
  • NAV network allocation vector
  • the virtual CS is a dedicated NAV corresponding to the first link
  • the dedicated NAV when the dedicated NAV is only 0, the virtual CS indicates that the first link is idle regardless of other NAV values. Otherwise, if all the links share one or more NAVs, then all the NAVs are 0, the virtual CS indicates that the first link is idle.
  • the physical CS is a Clear Channel Assessment (CCA).
  • Step S105 The first receiving STA feeds back a CTS frame to the first sending STA on the second idle channel, where the CTS frame carries link information of the second link and the second idle Bandwidth information for the channel.
  • Step S106 Correspondingly, the first sending STA receives the CTS frame fed back by the first receiving STA.
  • the first transmitting STA receives the antenna configuration as an omnidirectional reception.
  • the mode receives a CTS frame.
  • the RTS frame sent by the first sending STA includes the link indication information that is sent by the first receiving STA to the CTS frame, and is used to indicate that the first receiving STA corresponds to the idle link indicated by the link indication information.
  • the CTS frame is fed back on the idle channel (ie, the second idle channel).
  • the first transmitting STA adopts a quasi-omnidirectional antenna configuration to receive the CTS frame.
  • Step S107 The first sending STA sends data to the first receiving STA on a third idle channel corresponding to the third link, where the third link is determined by link information of the second link.
  • the first sending STA may parse the received CTS frame, and learn the link information of the at least one second link carried in the CTS frame and the second idle corresponding to each of the second links. channel. Further, the first sending STA may determine, from the at least one second link, a third link and a third idle channel corresponding to the third link. The first transmitting STA obtains the second transmitting opportunity TXOP2 by contention on the third idle channel corresponding to the third link, and may send data to the first receiving STA on the third idle channel corresponding to the third link.
  • link information of one or more available links when communicating with the other party is stored between the first transmitting STA and the first receiving STA, respectively.
  • the available links are an optimal beam link and/or multiple suboptimal beam links determined by the transmitting and receiving parties through the previous analog beamforming training, wherein the suboptimal beam link is used as a backup link, and Used when the optimal beam link is unavailable/busy. Due to the directional transmission of the beam and the multipath effect of the channel, the first transmitting STA and the first receiving STA may have multiple beam links with higher link quality. Therefore, the available link refers to the simulation between the transmitting and receiving STAs. Beamforming trains one or more beam links that are determined and pre-stored.
  • the first transmitting STA (STA1) and the first receiving STA (STA2) respectively store link information of multiple available links supported by the two parties during communication.
  • the link information corresponding to the SISO link and the MIMO link is exemplarily given in Tables 1 and 2 below.
  • each available link corresponds to a pair of transmit beam IDs and receive beam IDs, and a pair of transmit antenna IDs and receive antenna IDs.
  • each available link corresponds to one beam combination, the beam combination includes one or more transmit beams and one or more receive beams, each of which corresponds to one transmit antenna and each receive beam A receiving antenna.
  • the antenna ID may be represented by an RF chain ID.
  • the first sending STA may be configured according to link quality of each available link in the at least one first available link, according to link quality from high to low or low to Sorting in a high order, and performing carrier sensing (CS) on each of the first available links in turn, to obtain one or more idle first links and corresponding to each of the first links The first idle channel.
  • the first sending STA may perform CS on the at least one first available link in order according to the link quality from high to low.
  • the link information SISO Table 1 given link if T beam, 1, and T antenna, 1, T beam, 2 , and T antenna, 2 ?? to T beam, k, and T antenna, k
  • the corresponding available links are arranged in order of link quality from high to low.
  • the first transmitting STA may also perform CS on at least one channel in the corresponding beam direction of the first available link in the above-described order.
  • the first available link may include all or part of the links in the available links.
  • the first transmitting STA may continue to be directed to the link.
  • the quality is ranked in the suboptimal available link T beam, 2 and T antenna, 2 corresponds to at least one channel in the beam direction for CS, and so on, until an available link corresponds to the beam direction (eg T beam, m and T antenna If at least one of the channels on m , the result of the CS shows that one or more channels in the beam direction are idle, T beam, m and T antenna, m are included in the RTS frame for transmission.
  • T beam, m and T antenna, m are respectively a specific representation of the identifier of the transmitting beam and the identifier of the transmitting antenna, which may be included in the Control Trailer portion of the RTS frame.
  • the RTS frame may not include the control tailing part; otherwise, when STA3 adopts the other link with the other sub-optimal link quality (such as the identifier of the transmitting beam and the identifier of the transmitting antenna as T beam, m and T antenna, m )
  • the transmitted RTS frame includes a control smear portion, and the control smear portion includes link information of the first link, such as T beam, m and T antenna,m .
  • the at least one first available link may be all or part of available links that are supported by both the transmitting and receiving ends when communicating. For example, it is assumed that there are five available links supported by the first transmitting STA and the first receiving STA, which are beam direction 1 to beam direction 5, respectively, which are also arranged in descending order of link quality.
  • the first transmitting STA may sequentially perform CS on the five links (ie, three channels in five beam directions) according to the link quality from high to low. If the first transmitting STA performs CS on the three channels in the beam direction 1 with the best link quality, it is obtained that there are two first idle channels in the beam direction 1, such as channel 1 and channel 3. CS.
  • the first available link in this example includes one available link, beam direction 1.
  • the first The transmitting STA may also transmit the intercepted beam direction 1 and the first idle channel (ie, channel 1 and channel 3) in the beam direction 1 to the RTS frame for transmission to the first receiving STA.
  • a channel refers to a channel that is an integer multiple of a minimum physical bandwidth channel after channel division, such as a channel having a bandwidth of (2.16 x M) GHz, where M is a positive integer.
  • the first available link includes a SISO link, one SISO link corresponds to one beam, and the at least one first available link performs carrier sensing CS, including: The first transmitting STA performs carrier sensing CS on at least one channel in a beam direction of a corresponding beam of each SISO link in the at least one SISO link; wherein one beam corresponds to one beam direction, and each beam direction corresponds to There is at least one channel.
  • the first sending STA may perform CS on at least one channel in the corresponding beam direction of the at least one SISO link according to the link quality of the at least one SISO link, for example, according to the link quality.
  • High to low or low to high, or other set order, CS is sequentially performed on channels in the beam direction corresponding to all or part of the SISO links in the at least one SISO link.
  • the first available link includes a MIMO link, one MIMO link corresponds to one beam combination, and the carrier sense CS is performed on the at least one first available link, including: The first transmitting STA performs carrier sensing CS on at least one channel in a beam direction of each of the at least one MIMO link corresponding beam combination; wherein one beam combination includes at least one beam, and one beam corresponds to one beam Direction, there is at least one channel corresponding to each beam direction.
  • the first sending STA may further perform CS on at least one channel in a beam direction of each beam in the at least one MIMO link corresponding beam combination according to a link quality of the at least one MIMO link.
  • CS is sequentially performed on all or part of the MIMO link corresponding beam combinations in the at least one MIMO link, for example, according to link quality from high to low or low to high, or other set order.
  • the first sending STA may send an RTS frame to the first receiving STA on a first idle channel corresponding to each of the first links.
  • the first receiving STA may send an RTS frame to the first receiving STA on a first idle channel corresponding to each of the first links.
  • the first sending STA may arbitrarily select one or more first links from the idle at least one available link to correspond to the selected first link.
  • An RTS frame is transmitted to the first receiving STA on the first idle channel.
  • the first sending STA may select, according to the link quality of each available link in the at least one available link, a link quality higher than a preset quality. Or a plurality of first links, to send an RTS frame to the first receiving STA on the first idle channel corresponding to the selected first link.
  • the first transmitting STA may select the first link with the best link quality from the at least one of the first links according to the link quality of the at least one of the first links. And transmitting an RTS frame to the first reception on the first idle channel corresponding to the first link with the best link quality.
  • the link quality includes parameter information for assessing the quality of the link, and the link quality may be a signal to noise ratio or a signal to interference plus noise ratio or channel capacity.
  • the link quality of the SISO link is judged by the signal-to-noise ratio, the signal to interference and noise ratio, or the received signal strength indication, and the link quality of the MIMO link is determined by the channel capacity or the reachable rate. For example, if the link quality of the link corresponding to the beam direction 1 is 5, and the link quality of the link corresponding to the beam direction 2 is 3, the link quality of the link corresponding to the beam direction 1 is higher than the link of the beam direction 2 Link quality.
  • the RTS frame may also carry a Receive Address (RA), such as the first The identifier or address of the receiving STA, the Transmitter Address (TA), such as the identifier or address of the first sending STA, the bandwidth (Bandwidth, BW) information of the RTS frame, and the like.
  • RA Receive Address
  • TA Transmitter Address
  • BW bandwidth
  • the first transmitting STA may be duplicated.
  • a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) transmits an RTS frame on a plurality of idle channels. That is, the RTS frame may be transmitted in the form of a copied PPDU on a plurality of idle channels (ie, the first idle channel).
  • step S103 if the RTS frame is sent on multiple idle channels in the form of a duplicate PPDU, the first received STA successfully receives the copied PPDU on any one or more idle channels. At least one segment, the first receiving STA determines to successfully receive the RTS frame. Generally, when the first receiving STA has only one radio frequency chain, the first receiving STA only processes signals received from the primary channel, and when the signal of the primary channel is interfered and is not successfully received, the first receiving The STA believes that the entire RTS has not been successfully received.
  • the first receiving STA may separately operate two radio frequency chains on one channel, and thus may receive the copy of the RTS frame from the two channels simultaneously ( Duplicate) PPDU, when a segment of the RTS frame replica PPDU is successfully received from one of the channels, the entire RTS frame is considered to be received, thereby performing CS on the corresponding entire channel bandwidth of the RTS frame.
  • the advantage of this is that when CS is performed on the corresponding entire channel bandwidth of the RTS frame and the entire channel bandwidth is idle, spatial multiplexing within a larger channel bandwidth can be achieved, that is, spatial multiplexing is expanded. Channel bandwidth at the time to increase throughput.
  • the duplicate PPDU of the RTS frame has repeated frequency signal components on multiple subchannels. For example, the RTS frame has two repeated frequency components of 2.16 GHz, and each component completely carries all the information of the RTS frame.
  • the first receiving STA may identify whether the receiving address in the RTS frame is a MAC address of the first receiving STA, and if yes, And the first receiving STA updates the NAV according to the link information of the first link carried in the RTS frame.
  • the first receiving STA sets the NAV corresponding to the first link to 0 or an idle state, indicating that there is an idle channel in the corresponding beam direction of the first link.
  • the first receiving STA When the first receiving STA recognizes that the receiving address in the RTS frame is not the MAC address of the first receiving STA, if the RTS frame is sent in the form of a copied PPDU, then an implementation in step S104 In the manner, the first receiving STA may perform CS on all idle channels (ie, multiple idle channels in the first idle channel) corresponding to the sending of the RTS frame.
  • the link information of the at least one second link does not need to be carried in the CTS frame sent by the first sending STA or the first receiving STA.
  • the determined second link is the same as the first link that is used when the first STA sends the RTS frame, and the CTS frame does not need to carry the link information of the at least one second link. That is, if the second link when the CTS frame is sent is the same as the first link when the RTS frame is sent, the CTS frame does not need to explicitly carry the link information of the at least one second link, and It is the default that the CTS frame and the RTS frame are transmitted on the same link.
  • the first receiving STA may perform CS on the at least one second available link according to a link quality of the at least one second available link.
  • the second available link includes a SISO link
  • the first receiving STA may perform at least one channel in a beam direction of a corresponding beam of each SISO link in the at least one SISO link.
  • Carrier sense CS Carrier sense CS.
  • the second available link includes a MIMO link
  • the first receiving STA may perform carrier sensing CS on at least one channel for the at least one MIMO link corresponding beam combination.
  • the first receiving STA may feed back a CTS frame to the first sending STA on a second idle channel corresponding to each of the second links.
  • the first receiving STA may feed back a CTS frame to the first transmitting STA on a second idle channel corresponding to the second link with the best link quality.
  • the RTS frame sent by the first sending STA to the first receiving STA is an RTS frame of a duplicate format, that is, an RTS frame.
  • the PPDU is a duplicate PPDU.
  • the CTS frame sent by the first receiving STA to the first sending STA is a CTS frame in a copy format.
  • step S107 if the second link belongs to a link in the at least one first link, the first sending STA may select one of the at least one second link. And a triple link to send data to the first receiving STA on the third idle channel corresponding to the third link.
  • the first transmitting STA may arbitrarily select a third link from the at least one second link to receive the first receiving on the third idle channel corresponding to the third link.
  • the STA sends the data.
  • the first transmitting STA may select one of the link quality as the optimal quality or the set quality according to the link quality of each of the at least one second link.
  • the third link, or a third link from which the link quality is higher than a preset threshold, is selected to send data to the first receiving STA on the third idle channel corresponding to the third link.
  • the step S107 further includes: the first sending STA to the at least one second chain The path performs CS, and obtains at least one idle fourth link and a fourth idle channel corresponding to each of the fourth links.
  • the first transmitting STA may arbitrarily select a third link from the at least one fourth link to send data to the first receiving STA on the third idle channel corresponding to the third link.
  • the first receiving STA since the first receiving STA performs the CS for each of the second links, the channel in the corresponding beam direction of each of the second links is busy, to ensure the reliability of the communication,
  • the first receiving STA may perform CS on the other available links (ie, the second available link) except the first link, and at least one second link carried in the CTS frame includes the foregoing Other available links outside of a link. Since the first transmitting STA does not perform CS on the second link, and does not know whether the channel in the beam direction corresponding to the links is idle, the first transmitting STA needs to perform CS on the at least one second link again. Obtaining at least one idle fourth link and a fourth idle channel corresponding to each fourth link.
  • the first idle channel, the second idle channel, the third idle channel, and the fourth idle channel may be one or more, which is not limited herein.
  • the time interval between the first receiving STA sending the RTS frame and the first sending STA feeding back the CTS frame is greater than or equal to a Short Interframe Space (SIFS).
  • SIFS refers to the interval between RTS and CTS, which is usually 10 microseconds in the 2.4/5 GHz band and 3 microseconds in the high frequency band (60 GHz band).
  • the carrier sense CS comprises a physical CS and/or a virtual CS, the physical CS being oriented CCA for a beam corresponding to each of the at least one available link, the orientation
  • the CCA is a CCA for configuring the antenna to be directed to the beam direction of the corresponding link of the available link, and the CCA may be performed by means of sequence detection or energy detection.
  • the antenna gain the gain brought by the receiving beam
  • the transmitting STA should perform a directed CCA with a beam pattern of the same or the closest beam pattern of the transmit beam corresponding to the available link.
  • Configuring the antenna according to the transmit beam corresponding to each SISO link in the at least one SISO link means that, for the transmitting STA, if the antenna has reciprocity, the transmit beam and the receive corresponding to the first available link
  • the beams are the same, that is, the antenna configuration can be performed according to the transmit beam and the directional CCA is performed; otherwise, if the antenna does not have reciprocity, the transmitting STA should use the transmit beam corresponding to the first available link to have the receive beam closest to the beam mode, That is, the antenna is configured as the receive beam closest to the transmit beam in the direction, and the beam gain difference between the transmit beam and the receive beam is eliminated when the CCA is directed.
  • the STA supporting the antenna/antenna mode reciprocity can use the corresponding receive beam for a transmit beam to more accurately orient the CCA.
  • the virtual CS may be a network allocation vector NAV that determines a corresponding one of the at least one available link.
  • the carrier sense CS comprises a physical CS and/or a virtual CS
  • the performing carrier sensing CS on the at least one available link comprises: performing a virtual CS on the at least one available link.
  • the virtual CS is a pointer to set a common NAV for all available links, or set a NAV for each available link.
  • the physical CS of the next step can be performed only when the value of the NAV is 0; when the STA sets up a NAV for each available link, only when the available When the NAV of the link is 0, the STA can perform physical CS for the beam direction of the beam corresponding to the available link.
  • the foregoing available link may include the first available link or the second available link.
  • the CTS frame when the first receiving STA feeds back a CTS frame to the first sending STA on the second idle channel corresponding to the at least one of the second links, the CTS frame does not explicitly carry at least Link information of a second link. If the second link with the best link quality determined by the second STA is the same as the first link used when the first STA sends the RTS frame, the CTS frame does not need to carry the at least one second chain. Link information of the road; that is, if the second link when the CTS frame is transmitted is the same as the first link when the RTS frame is transmitted, the CTS frame does not need to explicitly carry the at least one second chain. The link information of the road, but implicitly indicates that the CTS frame and the RTS frame are transmitted on the same link.
  • a CTS frame utilizes at least one antenna ID field and at least one fan
  • the zone ID field indicates at least one second link that is idle, but if the at least one antenna ID field and the at least one sector ID field do not carry information (ie, the at least one antenna ID field and the at least one sector ID field are reserved) When it does not appear, it means that the CTS frame adopts the same link as the previous RTS frame.
  • STA1 that wants to perform spatial multiplexing (spatial multiplexing with respect to TXOP1 of STA3 and STA4) can determine the transmit beam direction with STA2 by analog beamforming, but STA1 needs to ensure the transmit beam between STA1 and STA2.
  • the direction is different from the transmit beam direction of STA3 in TXOP1 recorded in the foregoing first NAV, that is, the transmit beam/transmit sector/transmit AWV of STA1 and the receive beam/receive sector/receive AWV and the transmit beam of STA3 recorded in NAV1 / Transmit Sector/Transmit AWV and Receive Beam/Receive Sector/Receive AWV are different.
  • Analog beamforming is a directional transmission communication method, and directional transmission makes spatial relocation or spatial sharing in a shorter distance feasible.
  • millimeter wave technology the application of large-scale antenna arrays will make the beam width narrower, which is conducive to achieving deeper spatial multiplexing.
  • the NAV continues until the end of TXOP1 to indicate that the channel in the corresponding beam direction of the available link is idle. .
  • the first sending STA may access the first available link.
  • the physical CS is performed on the channel in the corresponding beam direction. If there is an idle channel in the channel in the direction corresponding to the first available link (such as the first idle channel corresponding to the first link), the first The transmitting STA may reset the NAV corresponding to the first available link to 0 or an idle state (ie, indicating that there is an idle channel in the corresponding beam direction of the first available link, or the channel is in an idle state).
  • the first receiving STA when the first receiving STA has a NAV corresponding to the second available link being 0, or indicating that the channel in the corresponding beam direction of the second available link is idle, the first receiving STA may be in the first The second available link performs CS, and when one or more channels in the corresponding beam direction of the second available link are in an idle state, the NAV corresponding to the second available link is reset to 0 or an idle state.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic diagram of channel aggregation or channel bonding transmission provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transceiver STA has channel aggregation capability
  • the transceiver STA (such as STA1 or STA2) can perform independent data transmission and reception on multiple channels of operation.
  • channel aggregation means that the guard bands between different channels are not utilized during transmission.
  • two identical modem modules are used, each of which operates independently on a different channel, ie, an independent spatial/space-time stream is transmitted on each channel. The aggregate transmission of the channel can be achieved.
  • the channel in the corresponding beam direction of the available link may include a first channel (primary channel) and a second channel (secondary channel), if the first sending The STA has channel bonding (Channel Bonding) or channel aggregation (Channel Aggregation) capability, and another implementation of step S101 In the mode, the first sending STA performs physical carrier sensing CS on the first channel and the second channel in the corresponding beam direction of the at least one first available link.
  • channel bonding Channel Bonding
  • Channel Aggregation channel aggregation
  • the first channel may be an integer multiple of a minimum bandwidth channel that the STA supports communication, such as 2.16 GHz, 6.48 GHz, 8.64 GHz channel... or other custom-set minimum bandwidth channel.
  • the second channel is a channel within a frequency range in which STAs other than the first channel support communication, such as a secondary 2.16 GHz channel or the like.
  • the first transmitting STA has a single channel capability, and the first receiving STA has a channel bonding or channel aggregation capability
  • the first sending STA preferentially pairs the first An available link corresponds to a first channel in the beam direction to perform physical CS, and then a physical CS is applied to the second channel in the corresponding beam direction of the first available link.
  • the first sending STA preferentially performs physical CS on the first channel in the corresponding beam direction of the first available link, and the result in the physical CS indicates that the first channel is idle, and may end.
  • Physical CS and may continue to perform physical CS on the second channel in the corresponding beam direction of the first available link to determine whether the first available link is idle, and the first available link corresponds to the first A free channel.
  • the first sending STA preferentially pairs the first available chain.
  • the physical channel CS is performed on the first channel in the direction corresponding to the beam direction. If the result of the physical CS indicates that the first channel is busy, the physical CS is continued to be performed on the second channel in the corresponding beam direction of the first available link.
  • the channel bonding refers to combining multiple channels for transmission, and there is no guard band between multiple channels during transmission.
  • channel bonding can be represented by a channel of an integer multiple of 2.16 GHz (eg, 4.32 GHz, 6.48 GHz, 8.64 GHz, etc.).
  • the request transmitting signal RTS may be transmitted to the STA2.
  • Frame to request the creation of a new TXOP ie TXOP2.
  • the STA1 sends the request to send the signal RTS frame to the STA2
  • STA1 When STA1 does not support channel bonding and channel aggregation capability (ie, STA1 supports single channel function capability), STA1 performs physical carrier sensing CS (English Carrier Sensing) by directional idle channel evaluation CCA on the second channel as the secondary transmission. When the second channel is idle, the request transmission signal RTS frame is sent to STA2 through the second channel.
  • CS English Carrier Sensing
  • the STA1 When the STA1 supports the channel bonding or the channel aggregation capability, the STA1 performs physical carrier detection by using the directed CCA on the first channel and the second channel corresponding to the beam direction according to the beam direction corresponding to the first available link. Listening, when the first channel and the second channel are each idle, transmitting the RTS frame in the copy format to the first receiving STA through the first channel and the second channel.
  • the directional CCA is performed only on the second channel, and after the physical carrier sensing CS determines that the second channel is idle, the RTS is sent to the STA2 only through the second channel. frame.
  • STA1 supports channel bonding or channel aggregation capability, STA1 performs directed CCA on the first channel, and also performs directed CCA on the second channel, and determines the first channel or the second channel after physical carrier sensing CS.
  • the duplicate format RTS frame is sent through the first channel, and the duplicate format is also sent through the second channel. (duplicate format) RTS frame. In this way, when the first channel is occupied, STA1 can still successfully send the RTS frame on the second channel, so that STA2 can direct the CCA for the direction of STA1, which can greatly improve the probability of establishing spatial multiplexing.
  • the directional CCA can be performed on the first channel, thereby returning the CTS frame on the first channel, and finally multiplexing the first channel to create the TXOP2 based on the first channel, Therefore, the second channel can be idled for use by other STAs, and the transmission resources are saved by multiplexing between space and frequency.
  • STA1 directing CCA means that STA1 configures the antenna to point to the antenna direction or antenna mode transmitted by STA2. All actual transmission channels of the RTS frame are the idle channels of STA1.
  • the first idle channel can include a plurality of idle channels, such as the first channel and/or the second channel described above.
  • STA2 which is the first receiving STA, can determine that the STA to which data is to be transmitted is STA1, and can also perform analog beam assignment. Determining the receiving beam direction of the receiving STA1, but STA2 needs to ensure that the receiving beam direction is different from the receiving beam direction corresponding to the transmitting beam direction of STA3 in TXOP1 recorded in the foregoing second NAV (ie, the aforementioned NAV2), that is, STA2
  • the Transmit Sector/Transmit AWV and Receive Sector/Receive AWV are different from the Transmit Sector/Transmit AWV and Receive Sector/Receive AWV recorded in NAV2.
  • the available link may include a first channel and a second channel, and if the first receiving STA has channel bonding or channel aggregation capability, another embodiment of step S104 The first receiving STA performs physical carrier sensing CS on the first channel and the second channel in the corresponding beam direction of the at least one second available link.
  • the first sending STA has a single channel capability, and the first receiving STA has a channel binding or channel aggregation capability
  • the first receiving STA preferentially pairs the first The physical channel CS is performed on the first channel in the corresponding beam direction of the available link, and the physical CS is performed on the second channel in the corresponding beam direction of the first available link.
  • the first receiving STA performs data on the second channel.
  • the first receiving STA preferentially performs physical CS on the second channel in the corresponding beam direction of the first available link, if the physical The result of the CS indicates that the second channel is busy, and then continues to perform physical CS on the first channel in the corresponding beam direction of the first available link.
  • step S104 may be specifically referred to the related description in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the first receiving STA passes the orientation on the corresponding first channel or the second channel in the beam direction according to the second available link corresponding beam direction.
  • the CCA performs physical carrier sensing, and when the first channel or the second channel is idle, the CSI frame is sent back to the first sending STA by using the first channel or the second channel, and may also be A transmitting STA establishes a second TXOP on the first channel or the second channel.
  • STA1 as the first transmitting STA supports channel bonding or channel aggregation capability
  • STA2 can detect that the channel is idle on the first channel
  • the CTS frame can be sent on the first channel
  • the STA1 is in the first TXOP2 is established on one channel, and spatial multiplexing of TXOP2 and TXOP1 can be realized at this time;
  • channel idle is detected only on the second channel
  • CTS frame is sent on the second channel
  • STA1 is established only on the second channel.
  • the CTS and TXOP2 of the dotted line indicate that it is necessary to judge the idle condition of the channel 1 according to the potential interference of the TXOP1: if the first channel is idle, the CTS frame can be fed back on the first channel and the TXOP2 is established; otherwise, The CTS frame can only be fed back on the second channel and TXOP2 can be established. This leaves the idle second channel to other STAs, further increasing network throughput. It should be noted that all the actual transmission channels of the CTS frame are the idle channels of STA4.
  • the STA1 as the first transmitting STA supports/has a single channel working capability
  • the STA2 supports the single channel working capability
  • the STA2 after the STA2 receives the RTS frame on the second channel, the STA2 only performs the second channel.
  • the directed CAA if the result of the directed CCA of STA2 shows that the second channel is idle, feeds back the CTS frame and establishes TXOP2 on the second channel.
  • the STA1 may also include whether the directional CCA is preferentially performed on the first channel in the RTS frame. Indicates information indicating whether STA2 preferentially performs directed CCA on the first channel after receiving the RTS frame.
  • the first receiving STA determines, according to the indication information in the RTS frame, preferentially performing directional CCA on the first channel, and determining, by using physical carrier sensing, that the first channel is idle, by using the first channel feedback.
  • a CTS frame, and a second TXOP established on the first channel with the first transmitting STA.
  • the first channel may be Sending a CTS frame and establishing TXOP2 on the first channel with STA1, in which case spatial multiplexing of TXOP2 and TXOP1 can be realized; if the first channel is busy and the channel is idle on the second channel, as shown in FIG. 8 As shown, the CTS frame is transmitted on the second channel, and TXOP2 is established only on the second channel with STA1. This leaves the idle second channel to other STAs, further increasing network throughput. It should be noted that all the actual transmission channels of the CTS frame are the idle channels of STA4.
  • the indication information included in the RTS frame that preferentially performs the directed CCA on the first channel may be carried by an additional control track (Control Trailer) attached to the end of the RTS frame, or may be in a control frame format.
  • Control Trailer The data block of the RTS frame format is carried.
  • the first receiving STA preferentially performs directed CCA on the first channel, and when the first channel is idle by physical carrier sensing. Transmitting, by the first channel, a CTS frame, establishing a second TXOP on the first channel with the first transmitting STA, and determining, when physical channel sensing, that the first channel is busy, in the Performing a directed CCA on the second channel, and when determining that the second channel is idle by physical carrier sensing, feeding back a CTS frame through the second channel, and establishing a second on the second channel with the first transmitting STA TXOP.
  • STA2 after receiving the RTS frame on the second channel, STA2 still preferentially performs directional CCA on the first channel. If the result of the directed CCA of STA2 indicates that the first channel is idle, then the CTS frame is fed back and TXOP2 is established on the first channel, as shown in FIG. 7; otherwise, if the result of the directed CCA of STA2 indicates that the first channel is busy, then Returning to the second channel to continue to direct the CCA, if the result of the directed CCA of STA2 shows that the second channel is idle, then the CTS is fed back and the TXOP2 is established on the second channel, as shown in FIG.
  • STA1/STA2 cannot perform spatial reuse on the first channel, it can return to the second channel to perform directed CCA, and continue to receive data on the second channel. This requires that the interval between the RTS and the CTS be greater than the sum of the time length of the CCA performing 2 channels and the time of the 2 channel switching.
  • TXOP1 is still followed by the CBAP access period, in order to keep all subsequent signaling (such as signaling for TXOP truncation, release, or RTS/CTS when competing channels) in a unified first channel.
  • the end time of TXOP2 should be less than the end time of TXOP1, that is, at the end of TXOP1, STA1 and STA2 can maintain the receiving state on the primary channel.
  • the TXOP2 end time may be later than the end time of TXOP1.
  • the control classification of the TXOP2 end time is shown in Table 3.
  • the first transmitting STA and the first receiving STA may also support MIMO capabilities.
  • each pair of senders and receivers eg, aforementioned STA1 and STA2, and STA3 and STA4
  • a beam combination or sector combination or AWV combination refers to a MIMO signal propagation path caused by a MIMO antenna configuration, and thus may also be referred to as a MIMO link.
  • the first transmitting STA and the receiving STA obtain multiple beam combinations and their numbers (such as beam combination 1, beam combination 2, ...) through the BF training in the SLS and BRP phases, and store them, and each number corresponds to one. MIMO link.
  • each MIMO mode or MIMO link corresponds to one beam combination or sector combination or AWV combination, that is, the antenna pattern combinations corresponding to different beam combinations are different.
  • beam combination 1 represents the beam combination of 2 spatial streams
  • beam combination 2 represents the beam combination of 1 spatial stream. Since the propagation paths of the MIMO signals corresponding to the beam combination 1 and the beam combination 2 are different, the CCA as a result of the physical carrier sensing may also be different.
  • the RTS frame sent by the first sending STA is included in the sending beam direction (ie, the first chain)
  • the first idle MIMO link on the transmit beam direction corresponding to the path, the first idle MIMO link being obtained when the first transmit STA performs the directional CCA in the transmit beam direction.
  • the first receiving STA and the first transmitting STA establish a second TXOP on the first channel or the second channel according to an intersection of the first idle MIMO link and the second idle MIMO link.
  • STA1 and STA2 may sequentially perform directional CCA for multiple beam combinations stored by the two parties, and STA1 performs directional CCA according to its own beam combination 1 and beam combination 2, respectively.
  • the beam combination 1 and the beam combination 2 are both idle, so the information of the idle beam combination carried in the RTS frame is: beam combination 1 and beam combination 2.
  • STA2 performs the directional CCA according to its own beam combination 1 and beam combination 2 before the CTS frame is fed back, and then the beam combination 2 is idle. Therefore, the information of the idle beam combination carried in the CTS frame is: beam combination 2 .
  • STA1 and STA2 find the optimal beam combination (beam combination 2) that both parties are idle according to the idle beam combination information carried in the RTS/CTS frame, and establish TXOP2 on the beam combination 2 for communication, which is substantially corresponding to beam combination 2.
  • TXOP2 is established on the idle channel for communication.
  • interval between the RTS and the CTS in FIG. 9 should be sufficient to perform the CCA duration of multiple MIMO links, so the interframe space between the RTS and the CTS should be greater than or equal to the short interframe space SIFS.
  • the first transmitting STA includes link information of one or more idle available links in the RTS frame, so that the first receiving STA can configure the receiving mode of the antenna according to the link information of the available link, that is, from the quasi-omnidirectional receiving
  • the mode (the large-angle receiving range) is switched to the receiving beam (small-angle receiving range) corresponding to the available link indicated by the first transmitting STA, so that the antenna configuration can be adjusted to point to the spatial direction of the first transmitting STA, which is beneficial to the first
  • the receiving STA reduces the spatial range of carrier sensing to avoid interference from other beam directions, thereby improving the probability of implementing spatial multiplexing and improving the throughput of the network.
  • the RTS frame carries multiple available links, and it can increase the possibility that the first receiving STA discovers an idle link through the CS, as compared with only one available link, because multiple backup available links can improve the first receiving STA discovery.
  • the possibility of idle links and idle channels increases the probability of success of the contention channel, thereby further improving channel utilization.
  • the first transmitting STA can configure the antenna to transmit on the idle secondary channel for RTS frame
  • the first receiving STA in the quasi-omnidirectional receiving mode can receive the first transmitting STA through the idle secondary channel.
  • the RTS frame, and receiving the RTS frame is not interfered by when the second transmitting STA transmits data.
  • the first receiving STA may further adjust its quasi-omnidirectional antenna mode to the antenna mode of the first transmitting STA, and determine itself by directing CS.
  • the idle channel corresponding to the link establishes a second transmission opportunity TXOP on the link where the first transmitting STA and the first receiving STA are idle and the idle channel corresponding to the link, which makes the first TXOP and the second TXOP Multiplexing can be performed simultaneously both in frequency and in space.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is mainly introduced from the perspective of interaction between the first sending STA and the first receiving STA.
  • the first transmitting STA and the first receiving STA include corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for performing respective functions.
  • the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in a combination of hardware or hardware and computer software in combination with the elements and algorithm steps of the various examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is implemented in hardware or computer software to drive hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention may divide the functional unit by using the first sending STA or the first receiving STA according to the foregoing method example.
  • each functional unit may be divided according to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one.
  • Processing unit The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit. It should be noted that the division of the unit in the embodiment of the present invention is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and the actual implementation may have another division manner.
  • FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of a first transmitting STA and a first receiving STA according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a structure of a channel access system 10 in a contention period composed of the two.
  • FIG. 10 there may be a communication connection between the first transmitting STA 100 and the first receiving STA 200, such as a Bluetooth connection, to implement data communication between the two.
  • a communication connection between the first transmitting STA 100 and the first receiving STA 200, such as a Bluetooth connection, to implement data communication between the two.
  • the first transmitting STA 100 may include: a communication unit 101 and a processing unit 102, where
  • the processing unit 102 is configured to perform carrier sensing CS on at least one first available link, to obtain at least one idle first link and a first idle channel corresponding to each of the first links;
  • the communication unit 101 is configured to send, on the first idle channel, an RTS frame to the first receiving STA, where the RTS frame carries the link information of the first link and the bandwidth of the first idle channel. information;
  • the communication unit 101 is further configured to receive a CTS frame that is fed back by the first receiving STA, where the CTS frame carries link information of at least one second link and a second corresponding to each of the second links.
  • the communication unit 101 is further configured to send data to the first receiving STA on a third idle channel corresponding to the third link, where the third link is determined by link information of the second link.
  • the processing unit 102 is specifically configured to perform carrier sensing CS on the at least one first available link in an order of high to low link quality.
  • the processing unit 102 is further configured to select a first link with the best link quality from the at least one of the first links according to the link quality of the at least one of the first links.
  • the communication unit 101 is specifically configured to send an RTS frame to the first receiving STA on the first idle channel corresponding to the first link with the best link quality.
  • the first receiving STA 200 may include a communication unit 201 and a processing unit 202. among them:
  • the communication unit 201 is configured to receive an RTS frame sent by the first sending STA on the at least one first idle channel, where The RTS frame carries link information of at least one first link and bandwidth information of a first idle channel corresponding to each of the first links;
  • the processing unit 202 is configured to perform carrier sensing CS on at least one second available link, to obtain at least one idle second link, and a second idle channel corresponding to each of the second links, where the The two available links are determined by the link information of the first link;
  • the communication unit 201 is further configured to feed back, to the first sending STA, a CTS frame on the second idle channel, where the CTS frame carries link information of the second link and the second idle Bandwidth information for the channel.
  • the processing unit 202 is further configured to: when the receiving address in the RTS frame is different from the MAC address of the first receiving STA, the first The receiving STA updates the network allocation vector NAV according to the link information of the first link carried in the RTS frame, where the NAV is used to indicate whether the channel corresponding to the first link is idle;
  • the processing unit 202 is configured to: perform CS on multiple idle channels in the first idle channel, by using an RTS frame sent on multiple idle channels in an idle channel.
  • a network device ie, a first transmitting STA or a first receiving STA
  • a network device includes: a storage unit 810, a communication interface 820, and a processor 830 coupled to the storage unit 810 and the communication interface 820.
  • the storage unit 810 is configured to store instructions
  • the processor 820 is configured to execute the instructions
  • the communication interface 820 is configured to communicate with other devices under the control of the processor 830.
  • the processor 830 executes the instruction, the channel access method of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments in the foregoing embodiments of the present application may be performed according to the instruction.
  • the processor 830 can also be referred to as a Central Processing Unit (CPU).
  • the storage unit 810 may include a read only memory and a random access memory, and provides instructions, data, and the like to the processor 830.
  • a portion of storage unit 810 may also include a non-volatile random access memory.
  • the components of the device for replacing the wallpaper in a particular application are coupled together, for example by a bus system.
  • the bus system can also include a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus.
  • various buses are labeled as bus system 840 in the figure. The method disclosed in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention may be applied to the processor 830 or implemented by the processor 830.
  • Processor 830 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 830 or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the processor 830 may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, an off-the-shelf programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component.
  • the processor 830 can implement or perform the methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in storage unit 810, such as processor 830
  • the information in the storage unit 810 can be read, and the related steps in the above method embodiments are completed in combination with hardware.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne, selon des modes de réalisation, un procédé d'accès à un canal dans une période de contention, un dispositif associé et un système. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : par une première station (STA), l'envoi d'une trame RTS à une seconde STA, la trame RTS portant une première liaison inactive et des informations de largeur de bande d'un premier canal libre qui correspond à la première liaison; la réception d'une trame CTS renvoyée par la seconde STA, la trame CTS portant des informations de liaison d'une deuxième liaison et des informations de largeur de bande d'un deuxième canal inactif qui correspond à la deuxième liaison; et l'envoi des données à la seconde STA sur un troisième canal inactif qui correspond à une troisième liaison, la troisième liaison étant déterminée par des informations de liaison de la deuxième liaison. De cette manière, une seconde possibilité de transmission (TXOP) peut être établie sur des canaux de la première STA et de la seconde STA qui sont tous les deux inactifs, de façon à réutiliser la première TXOP et la seconde TXOP en fréquence et espace.
PCT/CN2017/082386 2017-04-28 2017-04-28 Procédé d'accès à un canal dans une période de contention, dispositif associé, et système WO2018195903A1 (fr)

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TWI815427B (zh) * 2021-05-04 2023-09-11 聯發科技股份有限公司 發射器及發射器執行的無線通信方法

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TWI815427B (zh) * 2021-05-04 2023-09-11 聯發科技股份有限公司 發射器及發射器執行的無線通信方法

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