WO2018177028A1 - Thermal signal detection system based on thermal motion of free electrons - Google Patents

Thermal signal detection system based on thermal motion of free electrons Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018177028A1
WO2018177028A1 PCT/CN2018/075292 CN2018075292W WO2018177028A1 WO 2018177028 A1 WO2018177028 A1 WO 2018177028A1 CN 2018075292 W CN2018075292 W CN 2018075292W WO 2018177028 A1 WO2018177028 A1 WO 2018177028A1
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Prior art keywords
unit
conductive network
signal
frequency
thermal
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PCT/CN2018/075292
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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余晓东
余润洁
张光琴
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余晓东
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Publication of WO2018177028A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018177028A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of detection technology, and in particular to a thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion.
  • the temperature detection is mainly implemented by a contact temperature detection method or a non-contact infrared temperature detection method.
  • contact temperature detection requires temperature sensor at the temperature detection point, it is difficult to cover the temperature detection of all spaces, and the temperature detection range is limited; non-contact type Infrared temperature detection does not require the installation of a temperature sensor at the temperature detection point, but it is subject to object shielding limitations and ambient temperature radiation.
  • the breaking or closing voltage exceeds 10V and the current exceeds 0.5A (the DC power supply has a smaller arcing current)
  • a high temperature, high brightness and electrical conductivity are generated in the contact gap (also called the arc gap).
  • Plasma gas is called an electric arc. High temperature arc will burn the contacts and insulation layer. In severe cases, it will cause short circuit of power supply, explosion of electrical appliances, and even cause fire, which will endanger the safety of personnel and equipment.
  • the conductive network is a DC power supply system
  • the voltage and current of the DC power supply have no periodic commutation change and there is no periodic zero-crossing point, the DC power supply system is more prone to arcing than the AC power supply system, and its harmfulness More serious than an AC power system.
  • the power system has spread all over the world and every corner of the world, and with the increasing awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection, new energy and power storage have been rapidly developed, especially photovoltaic power generation and electric vehicles based on DC power sources have begun to spread, serious Arc hazards are also accompanied, and how to achieve effective detection of arcs to take effective measures in time for arc generation is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.
  • a ground current waveform of a load power source is detected based on a current sensor (or a voltage sensor), and an arc signal is judged by analyzing a difference between a normal waveform and a distortion waveform after superimposing an arc.
  • a current sensor or a voltage sensor
  • an arc signal is judged by analyzing a difference between a normal waveform and a distortion waveform after superimposing an arc.
  • the power system frequency and the waveform of the load fundamentals of different waveforms make the arc detection technology difficult to be universal, and only the fundamental wave detection and analysis can be performed for a specific power supply load.
  • the related art also proposes fault arc detection technology, but these detection technologies have certain defects, such as: 1) waveform distortion analysis technology based on load current superimposed arc, because the noise spectrum range of the fault arc is covered by many power load devices Covered by noise, the amplitude waveform of arc noise and power supply noise has great randomness and uncertainty, so it is difficult to distinguish between fault arc noise and power load device noise, resulting in serious false alarm of fault arc detection; 2) established at certain Fault arc detection technology based on waveform characteristic identification based on power supply current, when the power supply current is less than the detection demand current and greater than the arcing current, it is the detection blind zone of the fault arc detection; 3) the detection technology based on the waveform analysis of the fault arc signal needs High-performance digital signal processing circuits are costly and difficult to promote; 4) AC fault arc detection technology and DC fault arc detection technology are highly different and cannot be used universally.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion, which can realize the temperature and arc detection of the conductive network based on the spectral characteristics of the free electron thermal motion inside the conductor, which can effectively avoid noise superposition. Interference and other problems, and high detection accuracy, low detection cost, and versatility.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion, comprising: a frequency selective amplification unit, wherein an input end of the frequency selective amplification unit is connected to a conductive network, and the selection is performed.
  • the frequency amplifying unit is configured to perform frequency selection on a frequency spectrum of the thermal signal generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network to obtain a frequency selective signal, and perform amplification processing on the frequency selective signal; and a detecting unit, an input end of the detecting unit Connected to an output end of the frequency selective amplifying unit, the detecting unit is configured to perform a detection process on the amplified frequency-selected signal, and output a temperature value corresponding to the frequency-selected signal; and a control unit, the control An input of the unit is coupled to an output of the detector unit, the control unit for identifying the temperature value to obtain a current temperature state of the conductive network.
  • the frequency spectrum of the thermal signal generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network is selected by the frequency selective amplifying unit to obtain a frequency selective signal, and the frequency selective signal is performed. Zoom in. Then, the amplified frequency-selected signal is subjected to detection processing by the detecting unit, and a temperature value corresponding to the frequency-selected signal is output. Finally, the temperature value is identified by the control unit to obtain the current temperature state of the conductive network.
  • the system realizes the temperature and arc detection of the conductive network based on the spectral characteristics of the free electron thermal motion inside the conductor, which not only can effectively avoid the problem of noise superposition interference, but also has high detection precision, low detection cost and strong versatility.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: an execution unit, the execution unit is connected to the control unit, and the control unit is further connected by the execution unit The temperature value and the current temperature state of the conductive network are displayed.
  • the current temperature state of the conductive network includes a temperature normal state, a temperature abnormal state, and an arc generating state, wherein when the current temperature state of the conductive network is the temperature abnormal state or the arc
  • the control unit also outputs a control signal to the execution unit to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the execution unit and issue an alarm prompt through the execution unit.
  • the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit and the conductive network are connected by a parallel connection manner, a serial connection manner, a single point connection manner or a signal coupling manner.
  • the first input end and the second input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit are connected by a parallel connection
  • the first input end and the second input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit A finite voltage device is also connected in parallel, and/or a current limiting device is connected in series with one of the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the frequency selective amplification unit.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: a first filtering unit, the first filtering unit is disposed in the conductive network, and the first filtering unit is configured Isolating the conduction of the thermal signal in the conductive network.
  • the detecting unit performs a detection process on the amplified frequency-selected signal by means of signal amplitude comparison, frequency counting, filtering, or unidirectional conduction.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: an isolation unit disposed between an input end of the frequency selective amplification unit and the conductive network, The isolation unit is configured to electrically isolate the conductive network from the frequency selective amplification unit.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: a second filtering unit, the second filtering unit is connected in series with the isolation unit, and the second filtering unit is used for Filtering the spectrum of the thermal signal generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: a voltage detecting unit respectively connected to the conductive network and the control unit, the voltage detecting The unit is configured to detect a voltage signal of the conductive network, and the control unit is further configured to: when determining that the conductive network is biased according to the voltage signal, output a bias protection signal to the execution unit to perform the The unit controls the conductive network to be disconnected.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: a current detecting unit connected to the conductive network and the control unit, respectively, the current detecting The unit is configured to detect a current signal of the conductive network, and the control unit is further configured to: when determining that the conductive network generates an overcurrent according to the current signal, output an overcurrent protection signal to the execution unit to perform the The unit controls the conductive network to be disconnected.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: a leakage current detecting unit, wherein the leakage current detecting unit is respectively connected to the conductive network and the control unit, a leakage current detecting unit is configured to detect a leakage current signal of the conductive network, and the control unit is further configured to: when determining that the conductive network is leaky according to the leakage current signal, output a leakage protection signal to the execution unit to pass The execution unit controls the conductive network to be disconnected.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: a communication unit, the communication unit being connected to the control unit, the communication unit being configured to establish the control unit and A communication connection between the external devices, wherein the control unit further receives a control instruction of the user through the communication unit, and transmits an operation parameter of the conductive network to the external device through the communication unit.
  • 1a is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in parallel with a single-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • 1b is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in series with a single-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • 1c is a topological view of a single-point connection of a frequency selective amplifying unit and a single-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2a is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in parallel with a single-phase conductive network with a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • 2b is a topological view of a frequency selective amplifying unit connected in series with a single-phase conductive network when there is a first filtering unit according to an embodiment of the invention
  • 2c is a topological view of a single-point connection of a frequency selective amplification unit and a single-phase conductive network with a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first filtering unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a topological view showing a parallel connection of a frequency selective amplifying unit and a single-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second filtering unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal signal detecting system based on free electron thermal motion according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7a is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in parallel with a three-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • 7b is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in series with a three-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • 7c is a topological view of a single-point connection of a frequency selective amplifying unit and a three-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8a is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in parallel with a three-phase conductive network with a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • 8b is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in series with a three-phase conductive network with a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8c is a topological view of a single-point connection of a frequency selective amplification unit to a three-phase conductive network with a first filtering unit, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a thermal signal detecting system based on free electron thermal motion includes a frequency selective amplifying unit 11, a detecting unit 12, and a control unit 13.
  • the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected to the conductive network, and the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is configured to select a frequency of the thermal signal spectrum generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network to obtain a frequency selective signal, and perform frequency selection on the frequency selective signal. Zoom in.
  • the input end of the detecting unit 12 is connected to the output end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11, and the detecting unit 12 is configured to perform a detection process on the amplified frequency-selected signal and output a temperature value corresponding to the frequency-selected signal.
  • the input of the control unit 13 is connected to the output of the detection unit 12, which is used to identify the temperature value to obtain the current temperature state of the conductive network.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: an execution unit 14, which is connected to the control unit 13, and the control unit 13 also passes through the execution unit 14 The temperature value and the current temperature state of the conductive network are displayed.
  • the current temperature state of the conductive network may include a temperature normal state, a temperature abnormal state, and an arc generating state, wherein when the current temperature state of the conductive network is a temperature abnormal state or an arc generating state, the control unit 13 A control signal is also output to the execution unit 14 to control the conduction of the conductive network through the execution unit 14 and to issue an alarm prompt by the execution unit 14.
  • E energy
  • h Planck constant
  • m free electron mass
  • v free electron velocity
  • k Boltzmann constant
  • T absolute temperature
  • R resistance
  • B bandwidth
  • free The electronic vibration motion signal (also called the thermal signal) is conducted along the conductor (the traveling wave coexists with the standing wave), and radiates the vibration motion signal to the space.
  • temperature and arc are realized by utilizing the oscillating spectral characteristics generated by the free electron thermal motion, the signal conducting characteristics on the conductive line, and the spatial radiation characteristics. Detection.
  • the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected to the conductive network to be tested, and the thermal signal generated by the free-frequency thermal motion of the conductive network in the conductive network is selected by the frequency selective amplifying unit 11.
  • the frequency spectrum is selected to obtain a frequency selective signal, and the frequency selection signal may be a certain frequency signal.
  • the frequency-selected signal is amplified and transmitted to the detecting unit 12, and the frequency-selected signal is detected by the detecting unit 12 to obtain a desired frequency signal, and the frequency signal is converted into a temperature value (which may be a numerical value also It can be a level value) transmitted to the control unit 13.
  • the control unit 13 identifies the current temperature state of the current conductive network by identifying the temperature value, and issues a corresponding command to the execution unit 14 according to the current temperature state to perform display, alarm, and control of the conductive network by the execution unit 14.
  • the control unit 13 determines that the temperature values received in the continuous preset time are greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and less than the second temperature threshold, indicating that the temperature of the current conductive network is too high, the control unit 13 issues a power-off signal.
  • the control unit 14 to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the execution unit 14, while the control execution unit 14 displays the temperature value and emits an alarm message of sound or light; when the control unit 13 determines the temperature received within the continuous preset time The value is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, indicating that the temperature of the current conductive network is extremely high, and the conductive network is arced.
  • the control unit 13 sends a power-off signal to the execution unit 14 to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the execution unit 14 while controlling execution.
  • the unit 14 displays the temperature value and emits an alarm message of sound or light; when the control unit 13 determines that the temperature value is less than the first temperature threshold, the temperature value is directly displayed by the executing unit 14.
  • the first temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold, and the preset time may be calibrated according to actual conditions.
  • control unit 13 since the control unit 13 uses the duration determination rule to identify the temperature state of the conductive network, it can effectively avoid the instantaneous arc interference that occurs when the conductive network is disconnected or closed, and the load device works normally, thereby avoiding abnormal temperature. Misjudgment of rising or fault arc.
  • the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 may be composed of a frequency selective circuit and an amplifying circuit, or may be a combination of an amplifying circuit and a filtering circuit.
  • the amplifying circuit generally implements gain amplification through a multistage amplifier, and the frequency selecting circuit Or the filter circuit can be constructed by multiple stages of combination.
  • the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 may be composed of a two-stage amplifier and a band pass filter, wherein the input end of the first stage amplifier is connected to the conductive network, and the output end of the first stage amplifier is connected to the input end of the band pass filter.
  • the output of the band-pass filter is connected to the input of the second-stage amplifier, and the output of the second-stage amplifier is connected to the input of the detector unit 12.
  • the circuit structure in the prior art can be used, and is not limited herein.
  • the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 may also be a signal amplifying circuit with a fixed frequency or a variable frequency. The frequency of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 may be controlled by the control unit 13 or may be controlled by a frequency change.
  • the detection unit 12 may include a comparison circuit, a filter circuit, and the like.
  • the control unit 13 may include an MCU (Micro Controller Unit).
  • Execution unit 14 may include one or more of a drive circuit, a controllable switch, a display screen, and an acousto-optic alarm, wherein the controllable switch is connected in series in a conductive network to effect a closed loop or disconnection of the conductive network.
  • the output signals may also be connected to the control unit 13 through a signal mixing processing circuit or directly. .
  • the required temperature signal and the arc signal are obtained by the characteristic change of the oscillating frequency signal to realize temperature and arc detection, so the system does not depend on any
  • the temperature sensor does not use the current sensor and the voltage sensor. It does not need to analyze the fundamental wave and harmonics of the current and voltage of the system, and can avoid the superposition interference of the noise signal of the power supply and the load device. It can be applied to various devices and various application systems.
  • the abnormal temperature rise detection and arc detection of the untestable location, and the system cost is low, the detection precision is high, and the versatility is strong, and can be used for detecting and protecting the thermal fault and the fault arc of various AC power systems and various DC power systems.
  • the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network may be connected by a parallel connection manner, a serial connection manner, a single point connection manner, or a signal coupling manner. .
  • FIG. 1a when the parallel connection mode is adopted between the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network, the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected in parallel with the power source 41 and the load 42; as shown in FIG. 1b, When the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network are connected in series, the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected in series in the circuit between the power source 41 and the load 42; as shown in FIG.
  • the signal coupling device and the conductive network can form a thermal signal coupling, wherein the signal coupling device can be a capacitor, a transformer, a coupled inductor, and a coupled antenna.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: a first filtering unit 15, the first filtering unit 15 being disposed on the conductive In the network, the first filtering unit 15 is used to isolate the conduction of the thermal signal in the conductive network.
  • the first filtering unit 15 may be disposed in the conductive network according to actual needs to isolate the conduction of the thermal signal through the first filtering unit 15 to avoid interference of the thermal signal source. Thermal signal detection in other branches of the conductive network. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2a-2c, the input end of the first filtering unit 15 is connected to the power source 41, and the output end of the first filtering unit 15 is connected to the load 42, that is, the power source 41 is connected to the load 42 through the first filtering unit 15. Isolate the conduction of the thermal signal.
  • the first filtering unit 15 may be a common mode filter, a differential mode filter, or an LC filter. Preferably, the first filtering unit 15 is a common mode filter, and when the first filtering unit 15 is a common mode filter. The specific structure is shown in Figure 3.
  • the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 may be connected between the first filtering unit 15 and the power source 41, or may be connected to the first filtering unit 15 and the load 42. between.
  • the parallel connection mode is adopted between the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network, as shown in FIG. 2a
  • the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected in parallel with the output end of the first filtering unit 15, or the frequency is selected.
  • the input end of the amplifying unit 11 is connected in parallel with the input end of the first filtering unit 15 (not shown); when the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network are connected in series, as shown in FIG.
  • the input end of the frequency amplifying unit 11 is connected in series in the loop between the output end of the first filtering unit 15 and the load 42, or the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected in series between the input end of the first filtering unit 15 and the power source 41.
  • the loop (not shown); when the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network adopt a single-point connection mode, as shown in FIG. 2c, the input terminal of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected at a single point.
  • the thermal signal may be constituted by the signal coupling means coupled to the conductive network, wherein the signal coupling device may be a capacitor, a transformer, coupled inductors, and the coupling antenna.
  • the first filtering unit 15 may be omitted if the adjacent hot signal detection distance in the conductive network is relatively long, or only a single or small amount of thermal signals are detected.
  • the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network are connected by parallel connection, as shown in FIG. 4, the first input end and the second input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11
  • the finite voltage device 16 can also be connected in parallel, and/or the current limiting device 17 can be connected in series with one of the first input and the second input of the frequency selective amplification unit 11.
  • the voltage limiting device 16 can be added between the input terminals of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 to prevent the excessive voltage from damaging the frequency selective amplifying unit 11;
  • the current limiting device 17 can be connected in series to any one of the input terminals of the frequency selective amplification unit 11. It is considered that when the voltage is high, the current is generally higher, so generally the current limiting device 17 and the voltage limiting device 16 are used simultaneously to perform voltage limiting current limiting protection on the frequency selective amplifying unit 11.
  • the voltage limiting device 16 can be formed by using two diodes in anti-parallel, or directly using a bidirectional TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor) device; the current limiting device 17 can be a capacitor.
  • the frequency of the thermal signal generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network is selected to obtain a frequency-selected signal, and after the frequency-selected signal is amplified, the corresponding thermal signal can be obtained in various ways. Frequency signal.
  • the detecting unit 12 may perform the detecting process on the amplified frequency-selected signal by means of signal amplitude comparison, frequency counting, filtering, or unidirectional conduction.
  • the frequency signal generated by the free electron thermal motion greatly changes in frequency and amplitude, so
  • the desired frequency signal is obtained by judging the frequency and amplitude.
  • the desired frequency signal can be obtained by comparing the amplitude of the frequency-selected signal with the reference amplitude; or by counting the frequency of the frequency-selected signal and comparing the count value corresponding to the reference frequency to obtain the desired frequency. Signal; either directly through the filter circuit to obtain the desired frequency signal; or using a unidirectional conductive device to obtain the desired frequency signal.
  • the detecting unit 12 can realize the detection processing of the frequency-selected signal not only by hardware, but also by software, and when implemented by software, the function of the detecting processing can be integrated in the control unit 13 to detect by software digital signals. And filtering replaces the hardware detection unit 12. Since there is a certain delay in the software mode, it is preferably implemented in hardware.
  • the specific circuit structure or software algorithm can adopt the prior art, and there is no limitation here.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: an isolation unit 18 disposed at an input end of the frequency selective amplification unit 11 and a conductive network
  • the isolation unit 18 is configured to electrically isolate the conductive network from the frequency selective amplification unit 11, that is, to isolate the low voltage signal circuit from the high voltage power supply.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: a second filtering unit 19, the second filtering unit 19 is connected in series with the isolation unit 18, and the second filtering unit 19 is used for The spectrum of the thermal signal generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network is filtered.
  • the second filtering unit 19 may be disposed between the isolation unit 18 and the conductive network, or may be disposed between the isolation unit 18 and the frequency selective amplification unit 11.
  • the isolation unit 18 can also be replaced directly by the second filter unit 19.
  • the isolation unit 18 can be a transformer, and the second filtering unit 19 can adopt a common mode inductor. The specific structure is shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the isolation unit 18, the second filtering unit 19, and the voltage limiting device 16 are simultaneously disposed in the system, the order between the three is interchangeable.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: a voltage detecting unit (not specifically shown in the drawing), and the voltage detecting unit and the conductive network and the control unit 13 respectively Connected, the voltage detecting unit is configured to detect a voltage signal of the conductive network, and the control unit 13 is further configured to: when determining that the conductive network is biased according to the voltage signal, output a bias protection signal to the executing unit 14 to control the conductive network through the executing unit 14 open.
  • a voltage detecting unit not specifically shown in the drawing
  • the control unit 13 is further configured to: when determining that the conductive network is biased according to the voltage signal, output a bias protection signal to the executing unit 14 to control the conductive network through the executing unit 14 open.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: a current detecting unit (not specifically shown in the drawing), the current detecting unit is respectively connected to the conductive network and the control unit 13, and the current detecting unit is configured to detect The current signal of the conductive network, the control unit 13 is further configured to output an overcurrent protection signal to the execution unit 14 when the conductive network generates an overcurrent according to the current signal, to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the executing unit 14.
  • a current detecting unit (not specifically shown in the drawing)
  • the current detecting unit is respectively connected to the conductive network and the control unit 13
  • the current detecting unit is configured to detect The current signal of the conductive network
  • the control unit 13 is further configured to output an overcurrent protection signal to the execution unit 14 when the conductive network generates an overcurrent according to the current signal, to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the executing unit 14.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: a leakage current detecting unit (not specifically shown in the drawing), and the leakage current detecting unit is respectively connected to the conductive network and the control unit 13, and the leakage current detecting unit is used.
  • the control unit 13 is further configured to output a leakage protection signal to the execution unit 14 to control the leakage of the conductive network by the execution unit 14 when the leakage current signal of the conductive network is detected according to the leakage current signal.
  • an auxiliary winding may be added to the inductance of the common mode filter to detect a leakage current signal of the conductive network, and the leakage current signal is transmitted to the control unit 13, when When the control unit 13 determines that the leakage current is higher than the preset current value, the leakage current protection signal is output to the execution unit 14 to control the disconnection of the conductive network by the execution unit 14 to implement leakage current protection.
  • the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: a communication unit 20, the communication unit 20 is connected to the control unit 13, and the communication unit 20 is used to establish a connection between the control unit 13 and an external device.
  • the communication connection wherein the control unit 13 also receives the user's control command through the communication unit 20, and transmits the operational parameters of the conductive network to the external device through the communication unit 20.
  • the external device may be a computer, a touch display screen, and other control devices.
  • the operating parameters of the conductive network may include a current signal of the conductive network, a voltage signal, a temperature value of the conductive network, and the like.
  • the communication unit 20 is used in conjunction with a voltage detecting unit, a current detecting unit, or the like, when an overcurrent or short circuit, an overvoltage or undervoltage, an abnormal temperature, and an arc are generated in the conductive network, the automatic protection may be performed by the executing unit 14, or may be passed. The operator is reminded to perform manual intervention by the operator.
  • the input terminal of the first filter unit 15 composed of a common mode filter is connected to the power source 41, and the output terminal is connected to the load 42.
  • the first input end and the second input end of the isolation unit 18 formed by the transformer are connected in parallel in the conductive network, and a limit formed by two anti-parallel diodes is connected in parallel between the first input end and the second input end of the isolation unit 18.
  • the voltage sensing device 16, and the first input of the isolation unit 18, are connected in series with a current limiting device 17 formed of a capacitor.
  • the input of the second filter unit 19, which is formed by a common mode inductor, is connected to the isolation unit 18.
  • An input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 composed of a two-stage amplifier and a band pass filter is connected to an output end of the second filtering unit 19, and an output end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and a first detecting unit 12 composed of a comparator
  • the input ends are connected, the second input end of the detecting unit 12 is connected to the reference amplitude given end ref, the output end of the detecting unit 12 is connected to the input end of the control unit 13 composed of the MCU, and the output ends of the control unit 13 are respectively executed
  • Unit 14 is coupled to communication unit 20, which may include a controllable switch, and the controllable switch is connected in series in a conductive network, and communication unit 20 is coupled to an external device.
  • a noise filter is generally selected between the system and the conductive network to prevent impact on the system.
  • the entire system can be designed into an application-specific integrated circuit, which simplifies the circuit and reduces the cost, or uses a general-purpose device to make a dedicated fault arc detection protection device and an online temperature monitoring device, or embed all or part of the system into other devices. Internal detection and protection of fault arc and abnormal temperature rise of contacts.
  • the thermal signal detection system based on the free electron thermal motion of the embodiment of the present invention can be applied not only to the single-phase AC power system and the single-phase DC power system, but also to the three-phase AC power system.
  • the specific connection manner and the like are the same as those of the single-phase power supply system, and details are not described herein again.
  • the frequency spectrum of the thermal signal generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network is selected by the frequency selective amplifying unit to obtain a frequency selective signal, and The frequency-selected signal is amplified. Then, the amplified frequency-selected signal is subjected to detection processing by the detecting unit, and a temperature value corresponding to the frequency-selected signal is output. Finally, the control unit determines whether the temperature value is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, and outputs a protection signal to the execution unit when the temperature value is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the execution unit.
  • the system realizes the temperature and arc detection of the conductive network based on the spectral characteristics of the free electron thermal motion inside the conductor, which not only can effectively avoid the problem of noise superposition interference, but also has high detection precision, low detection cost and strong versatility.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” or “second” may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality” is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like shall be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless explicitly stated and defined otherwise. , or integrated; can be mechanical or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements, unless otherwise specified Limited.
  • the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art on a case-by-case basis.
  • the first feature "on” or “under” the second feature may be a direct contact of the first and second features, or the first and second features may be indirectly through an intermediate medium, unless otherwise explicitly stated and defined. contact.
  • the first feature "above”, “above” and “above” the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or above the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is higher than the second feature.
  • the first feature “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is less than the second feature.

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Abstract

A thermal signal detection system based on the thermal motion of free electrons, comprising: a frequency-selecting amplification unit (11), the frequency-selective amplification unit (11) being used for selecting a frequency in a thermal signal spectrum generated by the thermal motion of free electrons in a conductive network, so as to obtain a frequency-selecting signal, and performing amplification processing on the frequency-selecting signal; a wave detection unit (12), the wave detection unit (12) being used for performing wave detection processing on the amplified frequency-selecting signal, and outputting a temperature value corresponding to the frequency-selecting signal; and a control unit (13), the control unit (13) being used for identifying the temperature value, so as to obtain the current temperature status of the conductive network. The detection system realises temperature detection and arc detection of a conductive network based on spectral features of the thermal motion of free electrons within a conductor, so that not only are problems such as the superposition and interference of noise effectively avoided, but the detection precision is also high, the detection cost is low and the universality is strong.

Description

基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***Thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及检测技术领域，特别涉及一种基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***。The invention relates to the field of detection technology, and in particular to a thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion.
背景技术Background technique
在各种导电网络中，如蓄电池电源***、光伏电源***、交流电源***以及各类设备与装置的导电线路中，因材料接触阻抗变化或某处材料特性阻抗变化，导致局部温度异常升高，进而加速材料老化及降低设备与装置的性能，严重时甚至会引起自然及***事故发生，存在一定的安全隐患。In various conductive networks, such as battery power systems, photovoltaic power systems, AC power systems, and conductive lines of various types of equipment and devices, local temperature rises abnormally due to changes in material contact resistance or changes in material characteristic impedance. In addition, it accelerates the aging of materials and reduces the performance of equipment and devices. In severe cases, it may even cause natural and explosion accidents, and there are certain safety hazards.
如何有效解决蓄电池电源***中电池充放电及运行中局部温度异常的检测问题，如何有效解决光伏电源***中电池运行中局部高温热斑现象的检测问题，如何解决各类配电网络的导线及导线连接部位的温度检测与保护，以及如何有效解决各类设备与装置运行中异常温升的检测问题等，事关提高社会经济效益与安全保障。How to effectively solve the problem of battery charge and discharge and local temperature anomalies in battery power system, how to effectively solve the problem of local high temperature hot spot phenomenon in battery operation in photovoltaic power system, how to solve the wires and wires of various distribution networks The temperature detection and protection of the connection parts, and how to effectively solve the problem of abnormal temperature rise in the operation of various types of equipment and devices, etc., are related to improving social and economic benefits and safety.
相关技术中，主要采用接触式温度检测的方式或者非接触式红外温度检测的方式来实现温度的检测。但是这两种方式具有很大的局限性和缺陷，例如，接触式温度检测需要在温度检测点处安装温度传感器，很难覆盖全部空间的温度检测，而且温度检测范围限制较大；非接触式红外温度检测虽然无需在温度检测点处安装温度传感器，但是会受物体遮蔽限制及环境温度辐射的影响。In the related art, the temperature detection is mainly implemented by a contact temperature detection method or a non-contact infrared temperature detection method. However, these two methods have great limitations and defects. For example, contact temperature detection requires temperature sensor at the temperature detection point, it is difficult to cover the temperature detection of all spaces, and the temperature detection range is limited; non-contact type Infrared temperature detection does not require the installation of a temperature sensor at the temperature detection point, but it is subject to object shielding limitations and ambient temperature radiation.
另外，在导电网络中，各类连接器与开关、插头插座的连接点及触头表面的材料老化是不可避免的，所以当连接器与开关、插头插座不能有效断开或闭合时，如果空气中断开或闭合电压超过10V、电流超过0.5A(直流电源起弧电流更小)，则在触头间隙(也称弧隙)中会产生一团温度极高、亮度极强并能导电的等离子气体，称为电弧。电弧高温会烧损触头及绝缘层，严重时会引起电源短路、电器***，甚至引起火灾，危及人员及设备的安全。尤其是当导电网络为直流电源***时，由于直流电源的电压与电流没有周期性的换向变化，也没有周期性的过零点，所以直流电源***比交流电源***更加容易产生电弧，其危害性比交流电源***更加严重。In addition, in the conductive network, the connection of various types of connectors to switches, plugs and sockets and the material aging of the contact surfaces are unavoidable, so if the connector and the switch, the plug and socket cannot be effectively disconnected or closed, if the air When the breaking or closing voltage exceeds 10V and the current exceeds 0.5A (the DC power supply has a smaller arcing current), a high temperature, high brightness and electrical conductivity are generated in the contact gap (also called the arc gap). Plasma gas is called an electric arc. High temperature arc will burn the contacts and insulation layer. In severe cases, it will cause short circuit of power supply, explosion of electrical appliances, and even cause fire, which will endanger the safety of personnel and equipment. Especially when the conductive network is a DC power supply system, since the voltage and current of the DC power supply have no periodic commutation change and there is no periodic zero-crossing point, the DC power supply system is more prone to arcing than the AC power supply system, and its harmfulness More serious than an AC power system.
而电源***早已遍及每个家庭乃至全球各个角落，并且随着节能环保意识的不断增强，新能源与电力储能得到快速发展，尤其是基于直流电源的光伏发电和电动汽车已经开始普及，严重的电弧危害也伴随而来，而如何实现对电弧的有效检测，以在电弧产生时及时采取有效措施，是目前亟待解决的技术问题。The power system has spread all over the world and every corner of the world, and with the increasing awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection, new energy and power storage have been rapidly developed, especially photovoltaic power generation and electric vehicles based on DC power sources have begun to spread, serious Arc hazards are also accompanied, and how to achieve effective detection of arcs to take effective measures in time for arc generation is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.
相关技术中，基于电流传感器(或电压传感器)检测负载电源基波波形，通过分析正 常波形与叠加电弧后的畸变波形的差异来判断电弧信号。但是，由于分析电源负载基波的波形频谱范围有限(通常低于200kHz)，被很多电源的负载基波所叠加，波形分析准确性很难提高。而电源***频率与波形各异的负载基波，导致电弧检测技术难以通用，只能针对特定的电源负载进行基波检测分析。In the related art, a ground current waveform of a load power source is detected based on a current sensor (or a voltage sensor), and an arc signal is judged by analyzing a difference between a normal waveform and a distortion waveform after superimposing an arc. However, due to the limited spectral range of the fundamental waveform of the power supply load (usually below 200 kHz), it is superimposed by the load fundamentals of many power supplies, and the accuracy of waveform analysis is difficult to improve. The power system frequency and the waveform of the load fundamentals of different waveforms make the arc detection technology difficult to be universal, and only the fundamental wave detection and analysis can be performed for a specific power supply load.
另外，相关技术中还提出了故障电弧检测技术，但是这些检测技术均存在一定的缺陷，如：1)基于负载电流叠加电弧的波形畸变分析技术，由于故障电弧的噪声频谱范围被很多电源负载装置的噪声所覆盖，电弧噪声与电源噪声的幅值波形具有很大的随机性及不确定性，因而难以区别故障电弧噪声与电源负载装置噪声，导致故障电弧检测误判严重；2)建立在一定电源电流基础上的波形特征识别的故障电弧检测技术，当电源电流小于检测需求电流且大于起弧电流时，是故障电弧检测的检测盲区；3)基于故障电弧信号波形特征分析的检测技术，需要高性能的数字信号处理电路，成本高昂，难以推广；4)交流故障电弧检测技术与直流故障电弧检测技术差异性大，不能通用。In addition, the related art also proposes fault arc detection technology, but these detection technologies have certain defects, such as: 1) waveform distortion analysis technology based on load current superimposed arc, because the noise spectrum range of the fault arc is covered by many power load devices Covered by noise, the amplitude waveform of arc noise and power supply noise has great randomness and uncertainty, so it is difficult to distinguish between fault arc noise and power load device noise, resulting in serious false alarm of fault arc detection; 2) established at certain Fault arc detection technology based on waveform characteristic identification based on power supply current, when the power supply current is less than the detection demand current and greater than the arcing current, it is the detection blind zone of the fault arc detection; 3) the detection technology based on the waveform analysis of the fault arc signal needs High-performance digital signal processing circuits are costly and difficult to promote; 4) AC fault arc detection technology and DC fault arc detection technology are highly different and cannot be used universally.
因此，如何避开电弧噪声信号与电源负载噪声信号的频谱相互重叠，如何避免电弧检测需求电流大于电源起弧电流，如何降低故障电弧检测识别的成本，关系到故障电弧检测保护装置能否推广应用。Therefore, how to avoid overlapping the spectrum of the arc noise signal and the power load noise signal, how to avoid the arc detection demand current is greater than the power supply arcing current, how to reduce the cost of the fault arc detection and identification, and whether the fault arc detection protection device can be promoted and applied .
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题。为此，本发明的一个目的在于提出一种基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，通过基于导体内部自由电子热运动的频谱特征来实现导电网络的温度以及电弧检测，不仅可以有效避免噪声叠加干扰等问题，而且检测精度高，检测成本低，通用性强。The present invention aims to solve the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent. To this end, an object of the present invention is to provide a thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion, which can realize the temperature and arc detection of the conductive network based on the spectral characteristics of the free electron thermal motion inside the conductor, which can effectively avoid noise superposition. Interference and other problems, and high detection accuracy, low detection cost, and versatility.
为实现上述目的，本发明一方面实施例提出了一种基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，包括：选频放大单元，所述选频放大单元的输入端与导电网络相连，所述选频放大单元用于对所述导电网络中自由电子热运动产生的热信号频谱进行频率选取以获得选频信号，并对所述选频信号进行放大处理；检波单元，所述检波单元的输入端与所述选频放大单元的输出端相连，所述检波单元用于对放大后的选频信号进行检波处理，并输出与所述选频信号相对应的温度值；以及控制单元，所述控制单元的输入端与所述检波单元的输出端相连，所述控制单元用于对所述温度值进行识别以获得所述导电网络的当前温度状态。In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion, comprising: a frequency selective amplification unit, wherein an input end of the frequency selective amplification unit is connected to a conductive network, and the selection is performed. The frequency amplifying unit is configured to perform frequency selection on a frequency spectrum of the thermal signal generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network to obtain a frequency selective signal, and perform amplification processing on the frequency selective signal; and a detecting unit, an input end of the detecting unit Connected to an output end of the frequency selective amplifying unit, the detecting unit is configured to perform a detection process on the amplified frequency-selected signal, and output a temperature value corresponding to the frequency-selected signal; and a control unit, the control An input of the unit is coupled to an output of the detector unit, the control unit for identifying the temperature value to obtain a current temperature state of the conductive network.
根据本发明实施例的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，通过选频放大单元对导电网络中自由电子热运动产生的热信号频谱进行频率选取以获得选频信号，并对选频信号进行放大处理。然后，通过检波单元对放大后的选频信号进行检波处理，并输出与选频信号相对应的温度值。最后通过控制单元对温度值进行识别以获得导电网络的当前温度状态。 该***通过基于导体内部自由电子热运动的频谱特征来实现导电网络的温度和电弧检测，不仅可以有效避免噪声叠加干扰等问题，而且检测精度高，检测成本低，通用性强。According to the thermal signal detection system of the free electron thermal motion according to the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency spectrum of the thermal signal generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network is selected by the frequency selective amplifying unit to obtain a frequency selective signal, and the frequency selective signal is performed. Zoom in. Then, the amplified frequency-selected signal is subjected to detection processing by the detecting unit, and a temperature value corresponding to the frequency-selected signal is output. Finally, the temperature value is identified by the control unit to obtain the current temperature state of the conductive network. The system realizes the temperature and arc detection of the conductive network based on the spectral characteristics of the free electron thermal motion inside the conductor, which not only can effectively avoid the problem of noise superposition interference, but also has high detection precision, low detection cost and strong versatility.
根据本发明的一个实施例，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，还包括：执行单元，所述执行单元与所述控制单元相连，所述控制单元还通过所述执行单元对所述温度值和所述导电网络的当前温度状态进行显示。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: an execution unit, the execution unit is connected to the control unit, and the control unit is further connected by the execution unit The temperature value and the current temperature state of the conductive network are displayed.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述导电网络的当前温度状态包括温度正常状态、温度异常状态和电弧发生状态，其中，当所述导电网络的当前温度状态为所述温度异常状态或者所述电弧发生状态时，所述控制单元还输出控制信号至所述执行单元，以通过所述执行单元控制所述导电网络断开，并通过所述执行单元发出报警提示。According to an embodiment of the invention, the current temperature state of the conductive network includes a temperature normal state, a temperature abnormal state, and an arc generating state, wherein when the current temperature state of the conductive network is the temperature abnormal state or the arc When the state occurs, the control unit also outputs a control signal to the execution unit to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the execution unit and issue an alarm prompt through the execution unit.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述选频放大单元的输入端与所述导电网络之间采用并联连接的方式、串联连接的方式、单点连接的方式或者信号耦合的方式进行连接。According to an embodiment of the invention, the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit and the conductive network are connected by a parallel connection manner, a serial connection manner, a single point connection manner or a signal coupling manner.
根据本发明的一个实施例，当所述选频放大单元的输入端与所述导电网络之间采用并联连接的方式进行连接时，所述选频放大单元的第一输入端和第二输入端之间还并联有限压器件，和/或，所述选频放大单元的第一输入端与第二输入端中的一个输入端上串联有限流器件。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit and the conductive network are connected by a parallel connection, the first input end and the second input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit A finite voltage device is also connected in parallel, and/or a current limiting device is connected in series with one of the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the frequency selective amplification unit.
根据本发明的一个实施例，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，还包括：第一滤波单元，所述第一滤波单元设置在所述导电网络中，所述第一滤波单元用于对所述热信号在所述导电网络中的传导进行隔离。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: a first filtering unit, the first filtering unit is disposed in the conductive network, and the first filtering unit is configured Isolating the conduction of the thermal signal in the conductive network.
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述检波单元通过信号幅值比较的方式、频率计数的方式、滤波处理的方式或者单向导电的方式对放大后的选频信号进行检波处理。According to an embodiment of the invention, the detecting unit performs a detection process on the amplified frequency-selected signal by means of signal amplitude comparison, frequency counting, filtering, or unidirectional conduction.
根据本发明的一个实施例，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，还包括：隔离单元，所述隔离单元设置在所述选频放大单元的输入端与所述导电网络之间，所述隔离单元用于对所述导电网络与所述选频放大单元进行电隔离。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: an isolation unit disposed between an input end of the frequency selective amplification unit and the conductive network, The isolation unit is configured to electrically isolate the conductive network from the frequency selective amplification unit.
根据本发明的一个实施例，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，还包括：第二滤波单元，所述第二滤波单元与所述隔离单元串联，所述第二滤波单元用于对所述导电网络中自由电子热运动产生的热信号频谱进行滤波处理。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: a second filtering unit, the second filtering unit is connected in series with the isolation unit, and the second filtering unit is used for Filtering the spectrum of the thermal signal generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network.
根据本发明的一个实施例，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，还包括：电压检测单元，所述电压检测单元分别与所述导电网络和所述控制单元相连，所述电压检测单元用于检测所述导电网络的电压信号，所述控制单元还用于根据所述电压信号判断所述导电网络发生偏压时，输出偏压保护信号至所述执行单元，以通过所述执行单元控制所述导电网络断开。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: a voltage detecting unit respectively connected to the conductive network and the control unit, the voltage detecting The unit is configured to detect a voltage signal of the conductive network, and the control unit is further configured to: when determining that the conductive network is biased according to the voltage signal, output a bias protection signal to the execution unit to perform the The unit controls the conductive network to be disconnected.
根据本发明的一个实施例，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，还包括： 电流检测单元，所述电流检测单元分别与所述导电网络和所述控制单元相连，所述电流检测单元用于检测所述导电网络的电流信号，所述控制单元还用于根据所述电流信号判断所述导电网络发生过流时，输出过流保护信号至所述执行单元，以通过所述执行单元控制所述导电网络断开。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: a current detecting unit connected to the conductive network and the control unit, respectively, the current detecting The unit is configured to detect a current signal of the conductive network, and the control unit is further configured to: when determining that the conductive network generates an overcurrent according to the current signal, output an overcurrent protection signal to the execution unit to perform the The unit controls the conductive network to be disconnected.
根据本发明的一个实施例，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，还包括：漏电流检测单元，所述漏电流检测单元分别与所述导电网络和所述控制单元相连，所述漏电流检测单元用于检测所述导电网络的漏电流信号，所述控制单元还用于根据所述漏电流信号判断所述导电网络发生漏电时，输出漏电保护信号至所述执行单元，以通过所述执行单元控制所述导电网络断开。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: a leakage current detecting unit, wherein the leakage current detecting unit is respectively connected to the conductive network and the control unit, a leakage current detecting unit is configured to detect a leakage current signal of the conductive network, and the control unit is further configured to: when determining that the conductive network is leaky according to the leakage current signal, output a leakage protection signal to the execution unit to pass The execution unit controls the conductive network to be disconnected.
根据本发明的一个实施例，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，还包括：通信单元，所述通信单元与所述控制单元相连，所述通信单元用于建立所述控制单元与外部设备之间的通信连接，其中，所述控制单元还通过所述通信单元接收用户的控制指令，并通过所述通信单元将所述导电网络的运行参数传输至所述外部设备。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion further includes: a communication unit, the communication unit being connected to the control unit, the communication unit being configured to establish the control unit and A communication connection between the external devices, wherein the control unit further receives a control instruction of the user through the communication unit, and transmits an operation parameter of the conductive network to the external device through the communication unit.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1a是根据本发明一个实施例的无第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与单相导电网络并联连接的拓扑图；1a is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in parallel with a single-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
图1b是根据本发明一个实施例的无第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与单相导电网络串联连接的拓扑图；1b is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in series with a single-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
图1c是根据本发明一个实施例的无第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与单相导电网络单点连接的拓扑图；1c is a topological view of a single-point connection of a frequency selective amplifying unit and a single-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
图2a是根据本发明一个实施例的有第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与单相导电网络并联连接的拓扑图；2a is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in parallel with a single-phase conductive network with a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
图2b是根据本发明一个实施例的有第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与单相导电网络串联连接的拓扑图；2b is a topological view of a frequency selective amplifying unit connected in series with a single-phase conductive network when there is a first filtering unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
图2c是根据本发明一个实施例的有第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与单相导电网络单点连接的拓扑图；2c is a topological view of a single-point connection of a frequency selective amplification unit and a single-phase conductive network with a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的第一滤波单元的结构示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first filtering unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图4是根据本发明另一个实施例的无第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与单相导电网络并联连接的拓扑图；4 is a topological view showing a parallel connection of a frequency selective amplifying unit and a single-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图5是根据本发明一个实施例的第二滤波单元的结构示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second filtering unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
图6是根据本发明一个实施例的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***的结构示意图；6 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal signal detecting system based on free electron thermal motion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图7a是根据本发明一个实施例的无第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与三相导电网络并联连接的拓扑图；7a is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in parallel with a three-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
图7b是根据本发明一个实施例的无第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与三相导电网络串联连接的拓扑图；7b is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in series with a three-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
图7c是根据本发明一个实施例的无第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与三相导电网络单点连接的拓扑图；7c is a topological view of a single-point connection of a frequency selective amplifying unit and a three-phase conductive network without a first filtering unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图8a是根据本发明一个实施例的有第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与三相导电网络并联连接的拓扑图；8a is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in parallel with a three-phase conductive network with a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
图8b是根据本发明一个实施例的有第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与三相导电网络串联连接的拓扑图；以及8b is a topological view of a frequency selective amplification unit connected in series with a three-phase conductive network with a first filtering unit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
图8c是根据本发明一个实施例的有第一滤波单元时选频放大单元与三相导电网络单点连接的拓扑图。Figure 8c is a topological view of a single-point connection of a frequency selective amplification unit to a three-phase conductive network with a first filtering unit, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting.
下面参照附图来描述根据本发明实施例提出的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***。A thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion proposed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
结合图1-图8所示，在本发明的实施例中，基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***包括选频放大单元11、检波单元12和控制单元13。As shown in FIGS. 1-8, in an embodiment of the present invention, a thermal signal detecting system based on free electron thermal motion includes a frequency selective amplifying unit 11, a detecting unit 12, and a control unit 13.
其中，选频放大单元11的输入端与导电网络相连，选频放大单元11用于对导电网络中自由电子热运动产生的热信号频谱进行频率选取以获得选频信号，并对选频信号进行放大处理。检波单元12的输入端与选频放大单元11的输出端相连，检波单元12用于对放大后的选频信号进行检波处理，并输出与选频信号相对应的温度值。控制单元13的输入端与检波单元12的输出端相连，控制单元13用于对温度值进行识别以获得导电网络的当前温度状态。The input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected to the conductive network, and the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is configured to select a frequency of the thermal signal spectrum generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network to obtain a frequency selective signal, and perform frequency selection on the frequency selective signal. Zoom in. The input end of the detecting unit 12 is connected to the output end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11, and the detecting unit 12 is configured to perform a detection process on the amplified frequency-selected signal and output a temperature value corresponding to the frequency-selected signal. The input of the control unit 13 is connected to the output of the detection unit 12, which is used to identify the temperature value to obtain the current temperature state of the conductive network.
进一步地，如图1-图8所示，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***还可包括：执行单元14，执行单元14与控制单元13相连，控制单元13还通过执行单元14对温度值和导电网络的当前温度状态进行显示。Further, as shown in FIG. 1-8, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: an execution unit 14, which is connected to the control unit 13, and the control unit 13 also passes through the execution unit 14 The temperature value and the current temperature state of the conductive network are displayed.
在本发明的实施例中，导电网络的当前温度状态可包括温度正常状态、温度异常状态和电弧发生状态，其中，当导电网络的当前温度状态为温度异常状态或者电弧发生状态时， 控制单元13还输出控制信号至执行单元14，以通过执行单元14控制导电网络断开，并通过执行单元14发出报警提示。In an embodiment of the present invention, the current temperature state of the conductive network may include a temperature normal state, a temperature abnormal state, and an arc generating state, wherein when the current temperature state of the conductive network is a temperature abnormal state or an arc generating state, the control unit 13 A control signal is also output to the execution unit 14 to control the conduction of the conductive network through the execution unit 14 and to issue an alarm prompt by the execution unit 14.
具体而言，由于导体内部自由电子存在震动运动现象，且震动频率及幅值与自由电子的能量状态和所处能量场状态相关(震动频率ω p＝E/h，震动波长λ＝h/(m*v)，震动幅值
Figure PCTCN2018075292-appb-000001
其中，E为能量、h为普朗克常量、m为自由电子质量、v为自由电子速度、k为玻尔兹曼常量、T为绝对温度、R为阻值、B为带宽)，并且自由电子震动运动信号(也称热信号)沿着导体传导(行波与驻波并存)，并向空间辐射震动运动信号。所以，在本发明的实施例中，通过利用自由电子热运动产生的震荡频谱特性、导电线路上的信号传导特性以及空间辐射特性来实现温度和电弧(电弧也是一种自由电子运动现象)的在线检测。 Specifically, due to the vibrational motion of the free electrons inside the conductor, the vibration frequency and amplitude are related to the energy state of the free electrons and the state of the energy field (vibration frequency ω p = E / h, vibration wavelength λ = h / ( m*v), vibration amplitude
Figure PCTCN2018075292-appb-000001
Where E is energy, h is Planck constant, m is free electron mass, v is free electron velocity, k is Boltzmann constant, T is absolute temperature, R is resistance, B is bandwidth, and free The electronic vibration motion signal (also called the thermal signal) is conducted along the conductor (the traveling wave coexists with the standing wave), and radiates the vibration motion signal to the space. Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, temperature and arc (the arc is also a phenomenon of free electron motion) are realized by utilizing the oscillating spectral characteristics generated by the free electron thermal motion, the signal conducting characteristics on the conductive line, and the spatial radiation characteristics. Detection.
具体地，当需要对导电网络进行温度和电弧检测时，将选频放大单元11的输入端连接在待测导电网络中，通过选频放大单元11对导电网络中自由电子热运动产生的热信号频谱进行频率选取，以获得选频信号，该选频信号可以是某一段频率信号。然后对该选频信号进行放大处理，并传输至检波单元12，由检波单元12对该选频信号进行检波处理以获得所需频率信号，并将该频率信号转换为温度值(可以是数值也可以是电平值)传输至控制单元13。控制单元13通过对该温度值进行识别，以获得当前导电网络的当前温度状态，并根据当前温度状态发出相应指令至执行单元14，以通过执行单元14进行显示、报警和对导电网络控制等。Specifically, when temperature and arc detection of the conductive network is required, the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected to the conductive network to be tested, and the thermal signal generated by the free-frequency thermal motion of the conductive network in the conductive network is selected by the frequency selective amplifying unit 11. The frequency spectrum is selected to obtain a frequency selective signal, and the frequency selection signal may be a certain frequency signal. Then, the frequency-selected signal is amplified and transmitted to the detecting unit 12, and the frequency-selected signal is detected by the detecting unit 12 to obtain a desired frequency signal, and the frequency signal is converted into a temperature value (which may be a numerical value also It can be a level value) transmitted to the control unit 13. The control unit 13 identifies the current temperature state of the current conductive network by identifying the temperature value, and issues a corresponding command to the execution unit 14 according to the current temperature state to perform display, alarm, and control of the conductive network by the execution unit 14.
例如，当控制单元13判断连续预设时间内接收到的温度值均大于等于第一温度阈值且小于第二温度阈值时，表示当前导电网络的温度过高，此时控制单元13发出断电信号至执行单元14，以通过执行单元14控制导电网络断开，同时控制执行单元14对温度值进行显示，并发出声或光的报警信息；当控制单元13判断连续预设时间内接收到的温度值大于等于第二温度阈值，表示当前导电网络的温度极高，导电网络出现电弧，此时控制单元13发出断电信号至执行单元14，以通过执行单元14控制导电网络断开，同时控制执行单元14对温度值进行显示，并发出声或光的报警信息；当控制单元13判断温度值小于第一温度阈值时，直接通过执行单元14对温度值进行显示。其中，第一温度阈值、第二温度阈值和预设时间可根据实际情况进行标定。For example, when the control unit 13 determines that the temperature values received in the continuous preset time are greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold and less than the second temperature threshold, indicating that the temperature of the current conductive network is too high, the control unit 13 issues a power-off signal. To the execution unit 14, to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the execution unit 14, while the control execution unit 14 displays the temperature value and emits an alarm message of sound or light; when the control unit 13 determines the temperature received within the continuous preset time The value is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, indicating that the temperature of the current conductive network is extremely high, and the conductive network is arced. At this time, the control unit 13 sends a power-off signal to the execution unit 14 to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the execution unit 14 while controlling execution. The unit 14 displays the temperature value and emits an alarm message of sound or light; when the control unit 13 determines that the temperature value is less than the first temperature threshold, the temperature value is directly displayed by the executing unit 14. The first temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold, and the preset time may be calibrated according to actual conditions.
在该示例中，由于控制单元13采用时长判断规则来对导电网络的温度状态进行识别，因而能够有效避免导电网络断开或闭合、负载设备正常工作时出现的瞬间电弧干扰，从而避免对异常温升或故障电弧的误判。In this example, since the control unit 13 uses the duration determination rule to identify the temperature state of the conductive network, it can effectively avoid the instantaneous arc interference that occurs when the conductive network is disconnected or closed, and the load device works normally, thereby avoiding abnormal temperature. Misjudgment of rising or fault arc.
在本发明的实施例中，选频放大单元11可由选频电路和放大电路组合而成，也可由放 大电路和滤波电路组合而成，放大电路一般通过多级放大器来实现增益放大，选频电路或滤波电路可通过多级组合构成。例如，选频放大单元11可由两级放大器和一个带通滤波器组成，其中，第一级放大器的输入端与导电网络相连，第一级放大器的输出端与带通滤波器的输入端相连，带通滤波器的输出端与第二级放大器的输入端相连，第二级放大器的输出端与检波单元12的输入端相连，具体可采用现有技术中的电路结构，这里不做限制。选频放大单元11也可以为频率固定或频率可变的信号放大电路，选频放大单元11的频率可变可由控制单元13控制或者自带频率变化控制。In the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 may be composed of a frequency selective circuit and an amplifying circuit, or may be a combination of an amplifying circuit and a filtering circuit. The amplifying circuit generally implements gain amplification through a multistage amplifier, and the frequency selecting circuit Or the filter circuit can be constructed by multiple stages of combination. For example, the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 may be composed of a two-stage amplifier and a band pass filter, wherein the input end of the first stage amplifier is connected to the conductive network, and the output end of the first stage amplifier is connected to the input end of the band pass filter. The output of the band-pass filter is connected to the input of the second-stage amplifier, and the output of the second-stage amplifier is connected to the input of the detector unit 12. The circuit structure in the prior art can be used, and is not limited herein. The frequency selective amplifying unit 11 may also be a signal amplifying circuit with a fixed frequency or a variable frequency. The frequency of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 may be controlled by the control unit 13 or may be controlled by a frequency change.
检波单元12可包括比较电路、滤波电路等。控制单元13可包括MCU(Micro Controller Unit，微控制单元)。执行单元14可包括驱动电路、可控开关、显示屏和声光报警器中的一种或多种，其中，可控开关串联在导电网络中，以实现导电网络的闭环或断开。另外，在本发明的实施例中，当采取多个选频放大单元11和检波单元12构成多个频率信号的并行处理电路时，输出信号还可通过信号混合处理电路或者直接与控制单元13相连。The detection unit 12 may include a comparison circuit, a filter circuit, and the like. The control unit 13 may include an MCU (Micro Controller Unit). Execution unit 14 may include one or more of a drive circuit, a controllable switch, a display screen, and an acousto-optic alarm, wherein the controllable switch is connected in series in a conductive network to effect a closed loop or disconnection of the conductive network. In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, when a plurality of frequency selective amplifying units 11 and a detecting unit 12 are used to form a parallel processing circuit of a plurality of frequency signals, the output signals may also be connected to the control unit 13 through a signal mixing processing circuit or directly. .
由于该***是直接选频放大自由电子热运动产生的震荡频率信号，通过该震荡频率信号的特征变化得到需要的温度信号及电弧信号，以实现温度和电弧的检测，因此该***不依赖于任何温度传感器，且不使用电流传感器和电压传感器，无需分析***的电流电压的基波与谐波，并能避开电源及负载设备噪声信号叠加干扰等，可应用于各类装置及各种应用***的不可测区位的异常温升检测和电弧检测，并且***成本低、检测精度高、通用性强，可用于各类交流电源***和各类直流电源***的热故障及故障电弧的检测与保护。Since the system is directly oscillating and amplifying the oscillating frequency signal generated by the free electron thermal motion, the required temperature signal and the arc signal are obtained by the characteristic change of the oscillating frequency signal to realize temperature and arc detection, so the system does not depend on any The temperature sensor does not use the current sensor and the voltage sensor. It does not need to analyze the fundamental wave and harmonics of the current and voltage of the system, and can avoid the superposition interference of the noise signal of the power supply and the load device. It can be applied to various devices and various application systems. The abnormal temperature rise detection and arc detection of the untestable location, and the system cost is low, the detection precision is high, and the versatility is strong, and can be used for detecting and protecting the thermal fault and the fault arc of various AC power systems and various DC power systems.
需要说明的是，在本发明的实施例中，选频放大单元11的输入端与导电网络之间可以采用并联连接的方式、串联连接的方式、单点连接的方式或者信号耦合的方式进行连接。It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network may be connected by a parallel connection manner, a serial connection manner, a single point connection manner, or a signal coupling manner. .
具体地，如图1a所示，当选频放大单元11的输入端与导电网络之间采用并联连接方式时，选频放大单元11的输入端与电源41和负载42并联；如图1b所示，当选频放大单元11的输入端与导电网络之间采用串联连接方式时，选频放大单元11的输入端串联在电源41与负载42之间的回路中；如图1c所示，当选频放大单元11的输入端与导电网络之间采用单点连接方式时，选频放大单元11的输入端单点连接在电源41与负载42之间的回路中；当选频放大单元11的输入端与导电网络之间采用信号耦合方式时，可通过信号耦合器件与导电网络构成热信号耦合，其中，信号耦合器件可以是电容、变压器、耦合电感和耦合天线等。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1a, when the parallel connection mode is adopted between the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network, the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected in parallel with the power source 41 and the load 42; as shown in FIG. 1b, When the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network are connected in series, the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected in series in the circuit between the power source 41 and the load 42; as shown in FIG. 1c, when the frequency selective amplifying unit is used When the input end of 11 and the conductive network adopt a single-point connection mode, the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected in a loop between the power source 41 and the load 42; when the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network When the signal coupling mode is adopted, the signal coupling device and the conductive network can form a thermal signal coupling, wherein the signal coupling device can be a capacitor, a transformer, a coupled inductor, and a coupled antenna.
进一步地，在本发明的实施例中，如图2a-图2c所示，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***还可包括：第一滤波单元15，第一滤波单元15设置在导电网络中，第一滤波单元15用于对热信号在导电网络中的传导进行隔离。Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2a-2c, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: a first filtering unit 15, the first filtering unit 15 being disposed on the conductive In the network, the first filtering unit 15 is used to isolate the conduction of the thermal signal in the conductive network.
具体而言，由于自由电子的热信号会沿着导体传导，所以可以根据实际需要在导电网 络中设置第一滤波单元15，以通过第一滤波单元15隔离热信号的传导，避免热信号源干扰导电网络中其它支路中的热信号检测。例如，图2a-图2c所示，第一滤波单元15的输入端与电源41相连，第一滤波单元15的输出端与负载42相连，即电源41通过第一滤波单元15与负载42相连，以对热信号的传导进行隔离。其中，第一滤波单元15可以是共模滤波器、差模滤波器或者LC滤波器等，优选地，第一滤波单元15为共模滤波器，当第一滤波单元15为共模滤波器时，具体结构如图3所示。Specifically, since the thermal signal of the free electrons is conducted along the conductor, the first filtering unit 15 may be disposed in the conductive network according to actual needs to isolate the conduction of the thermal signal through the first filtering unit 15 to avoid interference of the thermal signal source. Thermal signal detection in other branches of the conductive network. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2a-2c, the input end of the first filtering unit 15 is connected to the power source 41, and the output end of the first filtering unit 15 is connected to the load 42, that is, the power source 41 is connected to the load 42 through the first filtering unit 15. Isolate the conduction of the thermal signal. The first filtering unit 15 may be a common mode filter, a differential mode filter, or an LC filter. Preferably, the first filtering unit 15 is a common mode filter, and when the first filtering unit 15 is a common mode filter. The specific structure is shown in Figure 3.
进一步地，当导电网络中设置有第一滤波单元15时，选频放大单元11的输入端可以连接在第一滤波单元15与电源41之间，也可以连接在第一滤波单元15与负载42之间。具体地，当选频放大单元11的输入端与导电网络之间采用并联连接方式时，如图2a所示，选频放大单元11的输入端与第一滤波单元15的输出端并联，或者选频放大单元11的输入端与第一滤波单元15的输入端并联(图中未示出)；当选频放大单元11的输入端与导电网络之间采用串联连接方式时，如图2b所示，选频放大单元11的输入端串联在第一滤波单元15的输出端与负载42之间的回路中，或者选频放大单元11的输入端串联在第一滤波单元15的输入端与电源41之间的回路中(图中未示出)；当选频放大单元11的输入端与导电网络之间采用单点连接方式时，如图2c所示，选频放大单元11的输入端单点连接在第一滤波单元15的输出端与负载42之间的回路中，或者选频放大单元11的输入端单点连接在第一滤波单元15的输入端与电源41之间的回路中；当选频放大单元11的输入端与导电网络之间采用信号耦合方式时，可通过信号耦合器件与导电网络构成热信号耦合，其中，信号耦合器件可以是电容、变压器、耦合电感和耦合天线等。Further, when the first filtering unit 15 is disposed in the conductive network, the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 may be connected between the first filtering unit 15 and the power source 41, or may be connected to the first filtering unit 15 and the load 42. between. Specifically, when the parallel connection mode is adopted between the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network, as shown in FIG. 2a, the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected in parallel with the output end of the first filtering unit 15, or the frequency is selected. The input end of the amplifying unit 11 is connected in parallel with the input end of the first filtering unit 15 (not shown); when the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network are connected in series, as shown in FIG. 2b, The input end of the frequency amplifying unit 11 is connected in series in the loop between the output end of the first filtering unit 15 and the load 42, or the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected in series between the input end of the first filtering unit 15 and the power source 41. In the loop (not shown); when the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network adopt a single-point connection mode, as shown in FIG. 2c, the input terminal of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected at a single point. A loop between the output of the filtering unit 15 and the load 42 or the input of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is connected in a single loop between the input of the first filtering unit 15 and the power source 41; when the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 input and guide When the network signal coupling between employed, the thermal signal may be constituted by the signal coupling means coupled to the conductive network, wherein the signal coupling device may be a capacitor, a transformer, coupled inductors, and the coupling antenna.
需要说明的是，如果导电网络中相邻的热信号检测距离比较远，或者只有单个或少量的热信号检测，则可以省略第一滤波单元15。It should be noted that the first filtering unit 15 may be omitted if the adjacent hot signal detection distance in the conductive network is relatively long, or only a single or small amount of thermal signals are detected.
另外，需要说明的是，当选频放大单元11的输入端与导电网络之间采用并联连接的方式进行连接时，如图4所示，选频放大单元11的第一输入端和第二输入端之间还可以并联有限压器件16，和/或，选频放大单元11的第一输入端与第二输入端中的一个输入端上串联有限流器件17。In addition, it should be noted that when the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and the conductive network are connected by parallel connection, as shown in FIG. 4, the first input end and the second input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 The finite voltage device 16 can also be connected in parallel, and/or the current limiting device 17 can be connected in series with one of the first input and the second input of the frequency selective amplification unit 11.
具体而言，当选频放大单元11的输入端之间的电压较高时，可以在选频放大单元11的输入端之间增加限压器件16，以防止电压过高损坏选频放大单元11；当流入选频放大单元11的电流过大时，可在选频放大单元11的任意一输入端上串联限流器件17。考虑到，当电压较高时，电流一般也会较高，所以一般限流器件17和限压器件16会同时使用，以对选频放大单元11进行限压限流保护。其中，限压器件16可以使用两个二极管反向并联构成，或者直接采用双向TVS(Transient Voltage Suppressor，瞬态二极管)器件；限流器件17可以采用电容器。Specifically, when the voltage between the input terminals of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 is high, the voltage limiting device 16 can be added between the input terminals of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 to prevent the excessive voltage from damaging the frequency selective amplifying unit 11; When the current flowing into the frequency selective amplification unit 11 is excessive, the current limiting device 17 can be connected in series to any one of the input terminals of the frequency selective amplification unit 11. It is considered that when the voltage is high, the current is generally higher, so generally the current limiting device 17 and the voltage limiting device 16 are used simultaneously to perform voltage limiting current limiting protection on the frequency selective amplifying unit 11. The voltage limiting device 16 can be formed by using two diodes in anti-parallel, or directly using a bidirectional TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor) device; the current limiting device 17 can be a capacitor.
进一步地，在对导电网络中自由电子热运动产生的热信号频谱进行频率选取以获得选频信号，并对选频信号进行放大处理后，可通过多种方式来获得与所需热信号相对应的频率信号。Further, the frequency of the thermal signal generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network is selected to obtain a frequency-selected signal, and after the frequency-selected signal is amplified, the corresponding thermal signal can be obtained in various ways. Frequency signal.
具体地，在本发明的实施例中，检波单元12可通过信号幅值比较的方式、频率计数的方式、滤波处理的方式或者单向导电的方式对放大后的选频信号进行检波处理。Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the detecting unit 12 may perform the detecting process on the amplified frequency-selected signal by means of signal amplitude comparison, frequency counting, filtering, or unidirectional conduction.
具体而言，根据自由电子热运动的震荡频谱特性可知，当导电网络的温度异常升高和产生电弧时，自由电子热运动产生的频率信号在频率和幅值上都会有很大变化，所以可以通过对频率和幅值的判断来获得所需的频率信号。例如，可以通过对选频信号的幅值与基准幅值进行比较以获得所需频率信号；或者通过对选频信号的频率进行计数，并与基准频率对应的计数值进行比较以获得所需频率信号；或者直接通过滤波电路获得所需频率信号；或者利用单向导电器件来获得所需频率信号。Specifically, according to the oscillating spectral characteristics of the free electron thermal motion, when the temperature of the conductive network is abnormally raised and an arc is generated, the frequency signal generated by the free electron thermal motion greatly changes in frequency and amplitude, so The desired frequency signal is obtained by judging the frequency and amplitude. For example, the desired frequency signal can be obtained by comparing the amplitude of the frequency-selected signal with the reference amplitude; or by counting the frequency of the frequency-selected signal and comparing the count value corresponding to the reference frequency to obtain the desired frequency. Signal; either directly through the filter circuit to obtain the desired frequency signal; or using a unidirectional conductive device to obtain the desired frequency signal.
检波单元12不仅可以采用硬件方式实现选频信号的检波处理，也可以采用软件方式来实现，而当采用软件方式实现时，检波处理的功能可集成在控制单元13中，以通过软件数字信号检波和滤波来替代硬件检波单元12。由于软件方式存在一定的延时，所以优选采用硬件方式实现。具体电路结构或者软件算法可采用现有技术，这里不做限制。The detecting unit 12 can realize the detection processing of the frequency-selected signal not only by hardware, but also by software, and when implemented by software, the function of the detecting processing can be integrated in the control unit 13 to detect by software digital signals. And filtering replaces the hardware detection unit 12. Since there is a certain delay in the software mode, it is preferably implemented in hardware. The specific circuit structure or software algorithm can adopt the prior art, and there is no limitation here.
根据本发明的一个实施例，如图4所示，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***还可包括：隔离单元18，隔离单元18设置在选频放大单元11的输入端与导电网络之间，隔离单元18用于对导电网络与选频放大单元11进行电隔离，即实现低压信号电路与高压电源之间的隔离。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: an isolation unit 18 disposed at an input end of the frequency selective amplification unit 11 and a conductive network The isolation unit 18 is configured to electrically isolate the conductive network from the frequency selective amplification unit 11, that is, to isolate the low voltage signal circuit from the high voltage power supply.
进一步地，如图4所示，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***还可包括：第二滤波单元19，第二滤波单元19与隔离单元18串联，第二滤波单元19用于对导电网络中自由电子热运动产生的热信号频谱进行滤波处理。其中，第二滤波单元19可以设置在隔离单元18与导电网络之间，也可以设置在隔离单元18与选频放大单元11之间。隔离单元18也可以直接由第二滤波单元19代替。其中，隔离单元18可以为变压器，第二滤波单元19可以采用共模电感，具体结构如图5所示。Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: a second filtering unit 19, the second filtering unit 19 is connected in series with the isolation unit 18, and the second filtering unit 19 is used for The spectrum of the thermal signal generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network is filtered. The second filtering unit 19 may be disposed between the isolation unit 18 and the conductive network, or may be disposed between the isolation unit 18 and the frequency selective amplification unit 11. The isolation unit 18 can also be replaced directly by the second filter unit 19. The isolation unit 18 can be a transformer, and the second filtering unit 19 can adopt a common mode inductor. The specific structure is shown in FIG. 5 .
需要说明的是，当***中同时设置有隔离单元18、第二滤波单元19和限压器件16时，三者之间的前后顺序是可以互换的。It should be noted that when the isolation unit 18, the second filtering unit 19, and the voltage limiting device 16 are simultaneously disposed in the system, the order between the three is interchangeable.
进一步地，根据本发明的一个实施例，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***还可包括：电压检测单元(图中未具体示出)，电压检测单元分别与导电网络和控制单元13相连，电压检测单元用于检测导电网络的电压信号，控制单元13还用于根据电压信号判断导电网络发生偏压时，输出偏压保护信号至执行单元14，以通过执行单元14控制导电网络断开。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: a voltage detecting unit (not specifically shown in the drawing), and the voltage detecting unit and the conductive network and the control unit 13 respectively Connected, the voltage detecting unit is configured to detect a voltage signal of the conductive network, and the control unit 13 is further configured to: when determining that the conductive network is biased according to the voltage signal, output a bias protection signal to the executing unit 14 to control the conductive network through the executing unit 14 open.
进一步地，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***还可包括：电流检测单元(图中未具体示出)，电流检测单元分别与导电网络和控制单元13相连，电流检测单元用于检测导电网络的电流信号，控制单元13还用于根据电流信号判断导电网络发生过流时，输出过流保护信号至执行单元14，以通过执行单元14控制导电网络断开。Further, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: a current detecting unit (not specifically shown in the drawing), the current detecting unit is respectively connected to the conductive network and the control unit 13, and the current detecting unit is configured to detect The current signal of the conductive network, the control unit 13 is further configured to output an overcurrent protection signal to the execution unit 14 when the conductive network generates an overcurrent according to the current signal, to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the executing unit 14.
另外，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***还可包括：漏电流检测单元(图中未具体示出)，漏电流检测单元分别与导电网络和控制单元13相连，漏电流检测单元用于检测导电网络的漏电流信号，控制单元13还用于根据漏电流信号判断导电网络发生漏电时，输出漏电保护信号至执行单元14，以通过执行单元14控制导电网络断开。In addition, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: a leakage current detecting unit (not specifically shown in the drawing), and the leakage current detecting unit is respectively connected to the conductive network and the control unit 13, and the leakage current detecting unit is used. The control unit 13 is further configured to output a leakage protection signal to the execution unit 14 to control the leakage of the conductive network by the execution unit 14 when the leakage current signal of the conductive network is detected according to the leakage current signal.
具体地，当第一滤波单元15采用共模滤波器时，可在共模滤波器的电感上增设辅助绕组，以检测导电网络的漏电流信号，并将漏电流信号传输至控制单元13，当控制单元13判断漏电流高于预设电流值时，输出漏电流保护信号至执行单元14，以通过执行单元14控制导电网络断开，实现漏电流保护。Specifically, when the first filtering unit 15 adopts a common mode filter, an auxiliary winding may be added to the inductance of the common mode filter to detect a leakage current signal of the conductive network, and the leakage current signal is transmitted to the control unit 13, when When the control unit 13 determines that the leakage current is higher than the preset current value, the leakage current protection signal is output to the execution unit 14 to control the disconnection of the conductive network by the execution unit 14 to implement leakage current protection.
为了提高***的交互性，上述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***还可包括：通信单元20，通信单元20与控制单元13相连，通信单元20用于建立控制单元13与外部设备之间的通信连接，其中，控制单元13还通过通信单元20接收用户的控制指令，并通过通信单元20将导电网络的运行参数传输至外部设备。In order to improve the interactivity of the system, the above-described thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion may further include: a communication unit 20, the communication unit 20 is connected to the control unit 13, and the communication unit 20 is used to establish a connection between the control unit 13 and an external device. The communication connection, wherein the control unit 13 also receives the user's control command through the communication unit 20, and transmits the operational parameters of the conductive network to the external device through the communication unit 20.
具体地，外部设备可以是计算机、触摸显示屏及其它控制设备等，导电网络的运行参数可包括导电网络的电流信号、电压信号、导电网络的温度值等。当通信单元20配合电压检测单元、电流检测单元等使用时，在导电网络发生过流或短路、过压或欠压、温度异常以及产生电弧时，可通过执行单元14进行自动保护，也可以通过对操作人员进行提醒，由操作人员进行人工干预处理。Specifically, the external device may be a computer, a touch display screen, and other control devices. The operating parameters of the conductive network may include a current signal of the conductive network, a voltage signal, a temperature value of the conductive network, and the like. When the communication unit 20 is used in conjunction with a voltage detecting unit, a current detecting unit, or the like, when an overcurrent or short circuit, an overvoltage or undervoltage, an abnormal temperature, and an arc are generated in the conductive network, the automatic protection may be performed by the executing unit 14, or may be passed. The operator is reminded to perform manual intervention by the operator.
为使本领域技术人员能够清楚的了解本发明，下面结合本发明的一个具体示例来进行说明。In order to make the present invention clear to those skilled in the art, a specific example of the present invention will be described below.
如图6所示，由共模滤波器构成的第一滤波单元15的输入端与电源41相连，输出端与负载42相连。由变压器构成的隔离单元18的第一输入端和第二输入端并联在导电网络中，并且隔离单元18的第一输入端与第二输入端之间并联有由两个反并联二极管构成的限压器件16，以及隔离单元18的第一输入端上串联有由电容构成的限流器件17。由共模电感构成的第二滤波单元19的输入端与隔离单元18相连。由两级放大器和带通滤波器构成的选频放大单元11的输入端与第二滤波单元19的输出端相连，选频放大单元11的输出端与由比较器构成的检波单元12的第一输入端相连，检波单元12的第二输入端与基准幅值给定端ref相连，检波单元12的输出端与由MCU构成的控制单元13的输入端相连，控制单元13的输出端分别与执行单元14和通信单元20相连，执行单元14可包括可控开关， 且可控开关串联在导电网络中，通信单元20与外部设备相连。As shown in FIG. 6, the input terminal of the first filter unit 15 composed of a common mode filter is connected to the power source 41, and the output terminal is connected to the load 42. The first input end and the second input end of the isolation unit 18 formed by the transformer are connected in parallel in the conductive network, and a limit formed by two anti-parallel diodes is connected in parallel between the first input end and the second input end of the isolation unit 18. The voltage sensing device 16, and the first input of the isolation unit 18, are connected in series with a current limiting device 17 formed of a capacitor. The input of the second filter unit 19, which is formed by a common mode inductor, is connected to the isolation unit 18. An input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 composed of a two-stage amplifier and a band pass filter is connected to an output end of the second filtering unit 19, and an output end of the frequency selective amplifying unit 11 and a first detecting unit 12 composed of a comparator The input ends are connected, the second input end of the detecting unit 12 is connected to the reference amplitude given end ref, the output end of the detecting unit 12 is connected to the input end of the control unit 13 composed of the MCU, and the output ends of the control unit 13 are respectively executed Unit 14 is coupled to communication unit 20, which may include a controllable switch, and the controllable switch is connected in series in a conductive network, and communication unit 20 is coupled to an external device.
需要说明的是，当***中的各个单元由导电网络中的电源41提供电能时，一般会选择在***与导电网络之间设置噪声滤波器，以防止对***产生影响。并且整个***可以设计制作成专用集成电路，从而简化电路和降低成本，或者使用通用器件制作成专用的故障电弧检测保护装置以及在线温度监测装置，或者将该***的全部或部分单元嵌入到其它装置内部实现故障电弧及触点异常温升的检测及保护。It should be noted that when each unit in the system is powered by the power source 41 in the conductive network, a noise filter is generally selected between the system and the conductive network to prevent impact on the system. And the entire system can be designed into an application-specific integrated circuit, which simplifies the circuit and reduces the cost, or uses a general-purpose device to make a dedicated fault arc detection protection device and an online temperature monitoring device, or embed all or part of the system into other devices. Internal detection and protection of fault arc and abnormal temperature rise of contacts.
另外，可以理解的是，本发明实施例的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***不仅可以应用于单相交流电源***和单相直流电源***中，还可以应用于三相交流电源***中，如图7a-图7c、图8a-图8c所示，具体连接方式等均与单相电源***的相同，这里不再赘述。In addition, it can be understood that the thermal signal detection system based on the free electron thermal motion of the embodiment of the present invention can be applied not only to the single-phase AC power system and the single-phase DC power system, but also to the three-phase AC power system. As shown in FIG. 7a - FIG. 7c and FIG. 8a - FIG. 8c, the specific connection manner and the like are the same as those of the single-phase power supply system, and details are not described herein again.
综上所述，根据本发明实施例的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，通过选频放大单元对导电网络中自由电子热运动产生的热信号频谱进行频率选取以获得选频信号，并对选频信号进行放大处理。然后，通过检波单元对放大后的选频信号进行检波处理，并输出与选频信号相对应的温度值。最后通过控制单元判断该温度值是否大于等于温度阈值，并在该温度值大于等于温度阈值时输出保护信号至执行单元，以通过执行单元控制导电网络断开。该***通过基于导体内部自由电子热运动的频谱特征来实现导电网络的温度和电弧检测，不仅可以有效避免噪声叠加干扰等问题，而且检测精度高，检测成本低，通用性强。In summary, according to the thermal signal detection system of the free electron thermal motion according to the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency spectrum of the thermal signal generated by the free electron thermal motion in the conductive network is selected by the frequency selective amplifying unit to obtain a frequency selective signal, and The frequency-selected signal is amplified. Then, the amplified frequency-selected signal is subjected to detection processing by the detecting unit, and a temperature value corresponding to the frequency-selected signal is output. Finally, the control unit determines whether the temperature value is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold, and outputs a protection signal to the execution unit when the temperature value is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the execution unit. The system realizes the temperature and arc detection of the conductive network based on the spectral characteristics of the free electron thermal motion inside the conductor, which not only can effectively avoid the problem of noise superposition interference, but also has high detection precision, low detection cost and strong versatility.
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " After, "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inside", "Outside", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial", The orientation or positional relationship of the "radial", "circumferential" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplified description, and does not indicate or imply the indicated device or component. It must be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention.
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。Moreover, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" or "second" may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通 技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the present invention, the terms "installation", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like shall be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless explicitly stated and defined otherwise. , or integrated; can be mechanical or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements, unless otherwise specified Limited. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art on a case-by-case basis.
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。In the present invention, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be a direct contact of the first and second features, or the first and second features may be indirectly through an intermediate medium, unless otherwise explicitly stated and defined. contact. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or above the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is higher than the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is less than the second feature.
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。In the description of the present specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means a specific feature described in connection with the embodiment or example. A structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms is not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, various embodiments or examples described in the specification, as well as features of various embodiments or examples, may be combined and combined.
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The embodiments are subject to variations, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (13)

  1. 一种基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，包括：A thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion, comprising:
    选频放大单元，所述选频放大单元的输入端与导电网络相连，所述选频放大单元用于对所述导电网络中自由电子热运动产生的热信号频谱进行频率选取以获得选频信号，并对所述选频信号进行放大处理；a frequency selective amplifying unit, wherein the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit is connected to a conductive network, wherein the frequency selective amplifying unit is configured to perform frequency selection on a frequency spectrum of a thermal signal generated by free electron thermal motion in the conductive network to obtain a frequency selective signal And amplifying the selected frequency signal;
    检波单元，所述检波单元的输入端与所述选频放大单元的输出端相连，所述检波单元用于对放大后的选频信号进行检波处理，并输出与所述选频信号相对应的温度值；a detecting unit, wherein an input end of the detecting unit is connected to an output end of the frequency selective amplifying unit, wherein the detecting unit is configured to perform a detection process on the amplified frequency-selected signal, and output a corresponding to the frequency-selected signal Temperature value
    控制单元，所述控制单元的输入端与所述检波单元的输出端相连，所述控制单元用于对所述温度值进行识别以获得所述导电网络的当前温度状态。And a control unit, wherein the input end of the control unit is connected to an output end of the detection unit, and the control unit is configured to identify the temperature value to obtain a current temperature state of the conductive network.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，还包括：The thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion according to claim 1, further comprising:
    执行单元，所述执行单元与所述控制单元相连，所述控制单元还通过所述执行单元对所述温度值和所述导电网络的当前温度状态进行显示。An execution unit, the execution unit is connected to the control unit, and the control unit further displays the temperature value and a current temperature state of the conductive network by the execution unit.
  3. 如权利要求2所述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，所述导电网络的当前温度状态包括温度正常状态、温度异常状态和电弧发生状态，其中，当所述导电网络的当前温度状态为所述温度异常状态或者所述电弧发生状态时，所述控制单元还输出控制信号至所述执行单元，以通过所述执行单元控制所述导电网络断开，并通过所述执行单元发出报警提示。The thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion according to claim 2, wherein the current temperature state of the conductive network comprises a temperature normal state, a temperature abnormal state, and an arc generating state, wherein when the conductive network The control unit further outputs a control signal to the execution unit when the current temperature state is the temperature abnormal state or the arc occurrence state, to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the execution unit, and The execution unit issues an alarm prompt.
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，所述选频放大单元的输入端与所述导电网络之间采用并联连接的方式、串联连接的方式、单点连接的方式或者信号耦合的方式进行连接。The thermal signal detection system based on the free electron thermal motion according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit and the conductive network are connected in parallel, Connection is made by means of series connection, single point connection or signal coupling.
  5. 如权利要求4所述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，当所述选频放大单元的输入端与所述导电网络之间采用并联连接的方式进行连接时，所述选频放大单元的第一输入端和第二输入端之间还并联有限压器件，和/或，所述选频放大单元的第一输入端与第二输入端中的一个输入端上串联有限流器件。The thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion according to claim 4, wherein when the input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit and the conductive network are connected in parallel, the A finite voltage device is further connected between the first input end and the second input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit, and/or a series connection is made between the first input end and the second input end of the frequency selective amplifying unit. Streaming device.
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，还包括：The thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:
    第一滤波单元，所述第一滤波单元设置在所述导电网络中，所述第一滤波单元用于对所述热信号在所述导电网络中的传导进行隔离。a first filtering unit, the first filtering unit is disposed in the conductive network, and the first filtering unit is configured to isolate conduction of the thermal signal in the conductive network.
  7. 如权利要求1所述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，所述检波单元通过信号幅值比较的方式、频率计数的方式、滤波处理的方式或者单向导电的方式对放大后的选频信号进行检波处理。The thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion according to claim 1, wherein the detecting unit compares a signal amplitude comparison manner, a frequency counting manner, a filtering processing manner, or a unidirectional conductive manner. The amplified frequency-selected signal is subjected to detection processing.
  8. 如权利要求1所述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，还包括：The thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion according to claim 1, further comprising:
    隔离单元，所述隔离单元设置在所述选频放大单元的输入端与所述导电网络之间，所述隔离单元用于对所述导电网络与所述选频放大单元进行电隔离。An isolation unit is disposed between the input end of the frequency selective amplification unit and the conductive network, and the isolation unit is configured to electrically isolate the conductive network from the frequency selective amplification unit.
  9. 如权利要求8所述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，还包括：The thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion according to claim 8, further comprising:
    第二滤波单元，所述第二滤波单元与所述隔离单元串联，所述第二滤波单元用于对所述导电网络中自由电子热运动产生的热信号频谱进行滤波处理。a second filtering unit, the second filtering unit is connected in series with the isolation unit, and the second filtering unit is configured to perform filtering processing on a spectrum of a thermal signal generated by free electron thermal motion in the conductive network.
  10. 如权利要求1所述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，还包括：The thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion according to claim 1, further comprising:
    电压检测单元，所述电压检测单元分别与所述导电网络和所述控制单元相连，所述电压检测单元用于检测所述导电网络的电压信号，所述控制单元还用于根据所述电压信号判断所述导电网络发生偏压时，输出偏压保护信号至所述执行单元，以通过所述执行单元控制所述导电网络断开。a voltage detecting unit, wherein the voltage detecting unit is respectively connected to the conductive network and the control unit, the voltage detecting unit is configured to detect a voltage signal of the conductive network, and the control unit is further configured to use the voltage signal according to the voltage signal When it is determined that the conductive network is biased, a bias protection signal is output to the execution unit to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the execution unit.
  11. 如权利要求1所述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，还包括：The thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion according to claim 1, further comprising:
    电流检测单元，所述电流检测单元分别与所述导电网络和所述控制单元相连，所述电流检测单元用于检测所述导电网络的电流信号，所述控制单元还用于根据所述电流信号判断所述导电网络发生过流时，输出过流保护信号至所述执行单元，以通过所述执行单元控制所述导电网络断开。a current detecting unit, wherein the current detecting unit is respectively connected to the conductive network and the control unit, the current detecting unit is configured to detect a current signal of the conductive network, and the control unit is further configured to use the current signal according to the current signal When it is determined that the conductive network has an overcurrent, an overcurrent protection signal is outputted to the execution unit to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the execution unit.
  12. 如权利要求1所述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，还包括：The thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion according to claim 1, further comprising:
    漏电流检测单元，所述漏电流检测单元分别与所述导电网络和所述控制单元相连，所述漏电流检测单元用于检测所述导电网络的漏电流信号，所述控制单元还用于根据所述漏电流信号判断所述导电网络发生漏电时，输出漏电保护信号至所述执行单元，以通过所述执行单元控制所述导电网络断开。a leakage current detecting unit connected to the conductive network and the control unit, wherein the leakage current detecting unit is configured to detect a leakage current signal of the conductive network, and the control unit is further configured to The leakage current signal determines that the conductive network is leaky, and outputs a leakage protection signal to the execution unit to control the conductive network to be disconnected by the execution unit.
  13. 如权利要求1所述的基于自由电子热运动的热信号检测***，其特征在于，还包括：The thermal signal detection system based on free electron thermal motion according to claim 1, further comprising:
    通信单元，所述通信单元与所述控制单元相连，所述通信单元用于建立所述控制单元与外部设备之间的通信连接，其中，所述控制单元还通过所述通信单元接收用户的控制指令，并通过所述通信单元将所述导电网络的运行参数传输至所述外部设备。a communication unit, the communication unit being connected to the control unit, the communication unit is configured to establish a communication connection between the control unit and an external device, wherein the control unit further receives user control by the communication unit Directing, and transmitting, by the communication unit, operating parameters of the conductive network to the external device.
PCT/CN2018/075292 2017-03-29 2018-02-05 Thermal signal detection system based on thermal motion of free electrons WO2018177028A1 (en)

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