WO2018171360A1 - 一种色彩滤镜阵列及图像传感器 - Google Patents

一种色彩滤镜阵列及图像传感器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018171360A1
WO2018171360A1 PCT/CN2018/076242 CN2018076242W WO2018171360A1 WO 2018171360 A1 WO2018171360 A1 WO 2018171360A1 CN 2018076242 W CN2018076242 W CN 2018076242W WO 2018171360 A1 WO2018171360 A1 WO 2018171360A1
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Prior art keywords
pixel
color
color filter
filter array
short side
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PCT/CN2018/076242
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭茂
张小军
胡文阁
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深圳安芯微电子有限公司
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Publication of WO2018171360A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018171360A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/10—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention belong to the field of image sensor technologies, and in particular, to a color filter array and an image sensor.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a color filter array and an image sensor, which can maximize the area of the color filter pixels without reducing the resolution of the image sensor, so as to improve the sensitivity of the image sensor.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a color filter array including a plurality of color filter units; the color filter unit has a total of four rectangles of a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel.
  • a pixel composition the long side of the rectangular pixel is twice the short side, and the first pixel and the second pixel are arranged closely along the first direction in which the long side is located and aligned in a short side
  • the third pixel and the fourth pixel are closely arranged in the first direction and aligned in a short side, and the first pixel and the third pixel are located at the short side
  • the two directions are sequentially arranged, and the lengths of the short sides are staggered at a staggered distance;
  • the color filter array is composed of a plurality of the color filter units arranged in close alignment in the first direction and staggered in a staggered distance along the length of the long sides in the second direction composition;
  • the color of the first pixel is a first color
  • the color of the third pixel is a second color
  • the color of the second pixel and the fourth pixel is a third color
  • the first pixel and the The color of the third pixel is a third color
  • the color of the second pixel is a first color
  • the color of the fourth pixel is a second color
  • the first color, the second color, and the third color are different from each other.
  • the first direction is a horizontal direction
  • the second direction is a vertical direction
  • the first direction is a vertical direction
  • the second direction is a horizontal direction
  • the first pixel and the fourth pixel are sequentially arranged in a staggered distance in a second direction in which the short sides are located, and in a staggered distance.
  • the second pixel and the third pixel are sequentially arranged in a second direction in which the short sides are located, and are staggered in a staggered distance along the length of the short sides.
  • the first color is red
  • the second color is blue
  • the third color is green
  • the first color is blue
  • the second color is red
  • the third color is green
  • the first color is red
  • the second color is blue
  • the third color is white.
  • the first color is blue
  • the second color is red
  • the third color is white.
  • a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an image sensor comprising the color filter array described above.
  • the embodiment of the present invention changes the shape and arrangement of the pixels in the color filter unit based on the Bayer pattern arrangement, and replaces the square pixel with the rectangular pixel whose growth side is twice the short side, and arranges the four rectangular pixels two by two. Two rows of adjacent pixels are formed and the adjacent pixels of the two rows are alternately shifted by the same distance as the short side of the rectangular pixel to constitute a single color filter unit. Aligning a plurality of the color filter units in a first direction and aligning them in a second direction at a same distance as a long side of the rectangular pixels to form a color filter array. Maximize the area of the unit color filter pixels to improve the sensitivity of the image sensor without reducing the resolution of the image sensor.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a color filter unit based on a Bayer pattern arrangement in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a color filter array composed of a plurality of color filter units shown in FIG. 1 in the prior art;
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic structural diagram of a color filter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic structural diagram of a color filter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3C is a schematic structural view of a single rectangular pixel in FIG. 3A or FIG. 3B;
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic structural view of a color filter array composed of a plurality of color filter unit arrangements shown in FIG. 3A;
  • FIG. 4B is a schematic structural view of a color filter array composed of a plurality of color filter unit arrangements shown in FIG. 3B;
  • 4C is a structural diagram of one embodiment of the color filter array shown in FIG. 4A;
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic structural diagram of a color filter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic structural diagram of a color filter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 5C is a schematic structural view of a single rectangular pixel in FIG. 5A or FIG. 5B;
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic structural view of a color filter array composed of a plurality of color filter unit arrangements shown in FIG. 5A;
  • 6B is a schematic structural view of a color filter array composed of a plurality of color filter unit arrangements shown in FIG. 5B;
  • Figure 6C is a block diagram of one embodiment of the color filter array shown in Figure 6B.
  • the color filter unit based on the Bayer pattern arrangement in the prior art is a square array of four square pixels arranged by three colors of one red pixel, one blue pixel and two green pixels, wherein The two green pixels are spaced apart in a diagonal direction, and the row pixel direction of the color filter unit is horizontal.
  • the left picture shows the case where two green pixels are arranged along the left diagonal line
  • the right picture shows the case where two green pixels are spaced along the right diagonal line.
  • R represents a red pixel
  • B represents a blue pixel
  • G represents a green pixel.
  • FIG. 2 exemplarily shows a square array of two pixel numbers of six numbers, and in the left figure is a color filter array composed of a plurality of color filter units shown in the left diagram of FIG. 1, in the right figure It is a color filter array composed of a plurality of color filter units shown in the right figure of Fig. 1.
  • R represents a red pixel
  • B represents a blue pixel
  • G represents a green pixel.
  • the first color, the second color, and the third color respectively represent three different colors, and may include a plurality of different color combinations: the first color is red, the second color Blue, the third color is green; the first color is blue, the second color is red, and the third color is green; the first color is red, the second color is blue, and the third color is white; The color is blue, the second color is red, and the third color is white.
  • a color filter unit is composed of a total of four rectangular pixels of a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel, and the long side of the rectangular pixel is short.
  • the first pixel and the second pixel are closely arranged along the first direction in which the long side is located, and are aligned in a short side alignment manner, the third pixel and the fourth pixel Arranging closely along the first direction and aligned in a short side, the first pixel and the third pixel are sequentially in a second direction in which the short side is located, and the short side is
  • the first pixel and the fourth pixel are arranged in a staggered manner in a staggered manner; the first pixel and the fourth pixel are sequentially arranged in the second direction and are staggered at an interlaced distance;
  • the first direction In the horizontal direction, the second direction is a vertical direction;
  • the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the figure represent a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel, respectively;
  • the color of the first pixel is a first color
  • a color of the third pixel is a second color
  • the second And the color of the fourth pixel is
  • a color filter unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention is composed of a total of four rectangular pixels of a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel, and the long side of the rectangular pixel is short.
  • the first pixel and the second pixel are closely arranged along the first direction in which the long side is located, and are aligned in a short side alignment manner, the third pixel and the fourth pixel Arranging closely along the first direction and aligned in a short side, the first pixel and the third pixel are sequentially in a second direction in which the short side is located, and the short side is
  • the second pixel and the third pixel are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner, and the second pixel and the third pixel are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner in a length of the short side;
  • the first direction In the horizontal direction, the second direction is a vertical direction;
  • the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the figure represent a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel, respectively;
  • the color of the first pixel is a first color
  • a color of the third pixel is a second color
  • the second And the color of the fourth pixel is a third color
  • FIG. 3A In the horizontal direction, the difference between FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B is that the direction in which the first pixel and the third pixel are staggered is different.
  • the first pixel In FIG. 3A, the first pixel is interlaced to the right with respect to the third pixel, and the first pixel in FIG. 3B is opposite to the first pixel.
  • the three pixels are staggered to the left.
  • 3C is a schematic view of a single rectangular pixel in FIG. 3A or FIG. 3B, the side length of the short side is d, and the side length of the long side is 2d.
  • FIG. 4A shows a color filter array in an embodiment of the present invention, which is arranged in close alignment by horizontal alignment, and is arranged in a vertical direction with the length of the long side as a staggered distance.
  • the color filter unit is composed as shown in FIG. 3A. It should be noted that FIG. 4A is only a schematic diagram of a color filter array in the embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the number of color filter units included in the figure.
  • FIG. 4B shows a color filter array in an embodiment of the present invention, which is arranged in close alignment by horizontal alignment, and is arranged in a vertical direction with the length of the long side as a staggered distance.
  • the color filter unit is composed as shown in Fig. 3B. It should be noted that FIG. 4B is only a schematic diagram of a color filter array in the embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the number of color filter units included in the figure.
  • FIG. 4C shows that the color of the first pixel in FIG. 4A is the first color, the color of the third pixel is the second color, the color of the second pixel and the fourth pixel is the third color, and the first color is red, the second color
  • R represents a red pixel
  • B represents a blue pixel
  • G represents a green pixel.
  • the spatial resolution of the red pixel is 2d
  • the spatial resolution of the blue pixel is 2d
  • the spatial resolution of the green pixel is d
  • the spatial resolution of each color pixel is based on the conventional
  • the color filter array of the Bayer mode is the same; while the area of each pixel in FIG.
  • FIG. 4C is 2d 2 , which is twice the area d 2 of each pixel in FIG. 2, therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can be used without degrading the image sensor resolution. In the case of the rate, the area of the color filter pixels is maximized to improve the sensitivity of the image sensor.
  • FIG. 4A is replaced with FIG. 4B; the colors of the first pixel and the third pixel are replaced with a third color, the color of the second pixel is replaced with the first color, and the color of the fourth pixel is replaced with the second color.
  • the first color is replaced with blue
  • the second color is replaced with red
  • the third color is replaced with white.
  • a color filter unit is composed of a total of four rectangular pixels of a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel, and the long side of the rectangular pixel is short.
  • the first pixel and the second pixel are closely arranged along the first direction in which the long side is located, and are aligned in a short side alignment manner, the third pixel and the fourth pixel Arranging closely along the first direction and aligned in a short side, the first pixel and the third pixel are sequentially in a second direction in which the short side is located, and the short side is
  • the first pixel and the fourth pixel are arranged in a staggered manner in a staggered manner; the first pixel and the fourth pixel are sequentially arranged in the second direction and are staggered at an interlaced distance;
  • the first direction In the vertical direction, the second direction is a horizontal direction;
  • the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the figure represent the first pixel, the second pixel, the third pixel, and the fourth pixel, respectively;
  • the color of the first pixel is a first color
  • a color of the third pixel is a second color
  • the second And the color of the fourth pixel is a third color
  • a color filter unit is composed of a total of four rectangular pixels of a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel, and the long side of the rectangular pixel is short.
  • the first pixel and the second pixel are closely arranged along the first direction in which the long side is located, and are aligned in a short side alignment manner, the third pixel and the fourth pixel Arranging closely along the first direction and aligned in a short side, the first pixel and the third pixel are sequentially in a second direction in which the short side is located, and the short side is
  • the second pixel and the third pixel are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner, and the second pixel and the third pixel are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner in a length of the short side;
  • the first direction In the vertical direction, the second direction is a horizontal direction;
  • the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the figure represent the first pixel, the second pixel, the third pixel, and the fourth pixel, respectively;
  • the color of the first pixel is a first color
  • a color of the third pixel is a second color
  • the second And the color of the fourth pixel is a third color; or the color
  • FIG. 5A In the vertical direction, the difference between FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B is that the direction in which the first pixel and the third pixel are staggered is different.
  • the first pixel in FIG. 5A is interlaced downward with respect to the third pixel, and the first pixel in FIG. 5B is opposite to the first pixel.
  • the three pixels are staggered upwards.
  • 5C is a schematic view of a single rectangular pixel in FIG. 5A or FIG. 5B, the side length of the short side is d, and the side length of the long side is 2d.
  • FIG. 6A shows a color filter array in an embodiment of the present invention, which is arranged in close alignment by vertical alignment, and is arranged in a horizontal direction with a staggered distance of the long sides.
  • the color filter unit is composed as shown in FIG. 5A. It should be noted that FIG. 6A is only a schematic diagram of a color filter array in the embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the number of color filter units included in the figure.
  • FIG. 6B shows a color filter array in an embodiment of the present invention, which is arranged in close alignment by vertical alignment, and is arranged in a horizontal direction with a staggered distance of the long sides.
  • the color filter unit is composed as shown in FIG. 5B. It should be noted that FIG. 6B is only a schematic diagram of a color filter array in the embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the number of color filter units included in the figure.
  • 6C is a third color of the first pixel and the third pixel in FIG. 6B, the color of the second pixel is the first color, the color of the fourth pixel is the second color, and the first color is blue, the second color
  • R represents a red pixel
  • B represents a blue pixel
  • G represents a green pixel.
  • the spatial resolution of the red pixel is 2d
  • the spatial resolution of the blue pixel is 2d
  • the spatial resolution of the green pixel is d
  • the spatial resolution of each color pixel is based on the conventional
  • the color filter array of the Bayer mode is the same; and the area of each pixel in FIG.
  • FIG. 6C is 2d 2 , which is twice the area d 2 of each pixel in FIG. 2, therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can eliminate the image sensor resolution without reducing the image sensor. In the case of the rate, the area of the color filter pixels is maximized to improve the sensitivity of the image sensor.
  • FIG. 6B is replaced with FIG. 6A; the color of the first pixel is replaced with the first color, the color of the third pixel is replaced with the second color, and the colors of the second pixel and the fourth pixel are replaced with the fourth color.
  • the first color is replaced with red
  • the second color is replaced with blue
  • the third color is replaced with white.
  • the present specification only lists a specific embodiment in which the first direction is a horizontal direction, the second direction is a vertical direction or the first direction is a vertical direction, and the second direction is a horizontal direction, and actually the first direction and the second direction
  • the directions can be any direction perpendicular to each other on the plane.
  • the area of a single pixel in the color filter array provided by the embodiment of the present invention is larger when the pixel resolution is the same, that is, the space can be guaranteed. Increase the area of the unit color filter pixels without changing the resolution.
  • the color filter array provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be cut into an arbitrary shape according to actual needs, as long as the periodic arrangement rule of the pixels is not changed.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide an image sensor including any of the above color filter arrays.
  • the area of the unit color filter pixels can be maximized without reducing the resolution of the image sensor, thereby improving the sensitivity of the image sensor.
  • the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the system embodiment described above is merely illustrative.
  • the division of the module or unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be used. Combinations can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the medium includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), and a random access memory (RAM, Random Access).
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory

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Abstract

本方案提供一种色彩滤镜阵列及图像传感器，所述色彩滤镜阵列包括多个色彩滤镜单元；所述色彩滤镜单元由第一像素、第二像素、第三像素和第四像素共4个矩形像素组成，所述矩形像素的长边是短边的2倍，所述第一像素和所述第二像素沿所述长边所在的第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第三像素和所述第四像素沿所述第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第一像素和所述第三像素在所述短边所在的第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列。本方案可以在不降低图像传感器分辨率的情况下，最大限度的提高单位色彩滤镜像素的面积，提高图像传感器的灵敏度。

Description

一种色彩滤镜阵列及图像传感器 技术领域
本发明实施例属于图像传感器技术领域，尤其涉及一种色彩滤镜阵列及图像传感器。
 背景技术
随着图像传感器技术的不断发展，人们对图像传感器的分辨率要求越来越高，因此，需要在图像传感器单位面积上集成更多的色彩滤镜像素来提高其分辨率。同时，鉴于成本需求和图像传感器所应用的手机、平板电脑、数码相机等各种智能终端体积的不断减小，需要不断缩小图像传感器上集成的色彩滤镜像素的面积以同时满足减小图像传感器的体积和提高其分辨率的要求。
然而，图像传感器上集成的色彩滤镜像素的面积越小，图像传感器对光线的感应能力也就越弱，导致图像传感器的灵敏度降低。因此，如何在不降低图像传感器分辨率的情况下，最大限度的提高色彩滤镜像素的面积，以提高图像传感器的灵敏度成为亟待解决的问题。
 技术问题
有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供一种色彩滤镜阵列及图像传感器，可以在不降低图像传感器分辨率的情况下，最大限度的提高色彩滤镜像素的面积，以提高图像传感器的灵敏度。
 技术解决方案
本发明实施例的第一方面提供一种色彩滤镜阵列，包括多个色彩滤镜单元；所述色彩滤镜单元由第一像素、第二像素、第三像素和第四像素共4个矩形像素组成，所述矩形像素的长边是短边的2倍，所述第一像素和所述第二像素沿所述长边所在的第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第三像素和所述第四像素沿所述第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第一像素和所述第三像素在所述短边所在的第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列；
所述色彩滤镜阵列由在所述第一方向上对齐紧贴排列、且在所述第二方向上以所述长边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列的多个所述色彩滤镜单元组成；
所述第一像素的颜色为第一颜色，所述第三像素的颜色为第二颜色，所述第二像素和所述第四像素的颜色为第三颜色；或者所述第一像素和所述第三像素的颜色为第三颜色，所述第二像素的颜色为第一颜色，所述第四像素的颜色为第二颜色；
其中，所述第一颜色、所述第二颜色和所述第三颜色互不相同。
可选的，所述第一方向为水平方向，所述第二方向为垂直方向。
可选的，所述第一方向为垂直方向，所述第二方向为水平方向。
可选的，所述第一像素和所述第四像素在所述短边所在的第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列。
可选的，所述第二像素和所述第三像素在所述短边所在的第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列。
可选的，所述第一颜色为红色、所述第二颜色为蓝色、所述第三颜色为绿色。
可选的，所述第一颜色为蓝色、所述第二颜色为红色、所述第三颜色为绿色。
可选的，所述第一颜色为红色、所述第二颜色为蓝色、所述第三颜色为白色。
可选的，所述第一颜色为蓝色、所述第二颜色为红色、所述第三颜色为白色。
本发明实施例的第二方面提供一种图像传感器，其包括上述的色彩滤镜阵列。
 有益效果
本发明实施例改变现有的基于拜耳模式排列的色彩滤镜单元中像素的形状和排列方式，将正方形像素替换成长边是短边2倍的矩形像素，将4个所述矩形像素两两排列形成2行相邻的像素并使所述2行相邻的像素交互错开与所述矩形像素的短边边长相同的距离，构成单个色彩滤镜单元。将多个所述色彩滤镜单元在第一方向上对齐紧贴排列，在第二方向上以与所述矩形像素的长边边长相同的距离交错紧贴排列组成色彩滤镜阵列，可以在不降低图像传感器分辨率的情况下，最大限度的提高单位色彩滤镜像素的面积，以提高图像传感器的灵敏度。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是现有技术中基于拜耳模式排列的色彩滤镜单元的结构示意图；
图2是现有技术中由多个图1所示的色彩滤镜单元构成的色彩滤镜阵列的结构示意图；
图3A是本发明的一个实施例提供的色彩滤镜单元的结构示意图；
图3B是本发明的一个实施例提供的色彩滤镜单元的结构示意图；
图3C是图3A或图3B中单个矩形像素的结构示意图；
图4A是由多个图3A所示的色彩滤镜单元排列组成的色彩滤镜阵列的结构示意图；
图4B是由多个图3B所示的色彩滤镜单元排列组成的色彩滤镜阵列的结构示意图；
图4C是图4A所示的色彩滤镜阵列的一个实施例的结构图；
图5A是本发明的一个实施例提供的色彩滤镜单元的结构示意图；
图5B是本发明的一个实施例提供的色彩滤镜单元的结构示意图；
图5C是图5A或图5B中单个矩形像素的结构示意图；
图6A是由多个图5A所示的色彩滤镜单元排列组成的色彩滤镜阵列的结构示意图；
图6B是由多个图5B所示的色彩滤镜单元排列组成的色彩滤镜阵列的结构示意图；
图6C是图6B所示的色彩滤镜阵列的一个实施例的结构图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“包括”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法或***、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”和“第三”等是用于区别不同对象，而非用于描述特定顺序。
如图1所示，现有技术中基于拜耳模式排列的色彩滤镜单元为由一个红色像素、一个蓝色像素和两个绿色像素共三种颜色的四个方形像素排列构成方形阵列，其中，两个绿色像素沿对角线方向间隔设置，该色彩滤镜单元的行像素方向为水平方向。图1中，左图为两个绿色像素沿左对角线间隔设置的情况，右图为两个绿色像素沿右对角线间隔设置的情况。图中R代表红色像素，B代表蓝色像素，G代表绿色像素。
如图2所示，现有技术中由多个图1所示的色彩滤镜单元构成的色彩滤镜阵列的结构为矩形阵列。图2中示例性的示出两个像素个数为6数例的方形阵列，左图中为由多个图1中左图所示的色彩滤镜单元构成的色彩滤镜阵列，右图中为由多个图1中右图所示的色彩滤镜单元构成的色彩滤镜阵列。图中R代表红色像素，B代表蓝色像素，G代表绿色像素。
设定图2中左图或右图所示的色彩滤镜阵列中的单个像素的边长为d，则图2所示的色彩滤镜阵列中的红色像素或蓝色像素的空间分辨率为2d，绿色像素的空间分辨率为d。
在本发明所示的各个实施例中，第一颜色、第二颜色和第三颜色分别代表3种不同的颜色，可包括以下多种不同的颜色组合方式：第一颜色为红色、第二颜色为蓝色、第三颜色为绿色；第一颜色为蓝色、第二颜色为红色、第三颜色为绿色；第一颜色为红色、第二颜色为蓝色、第三颜色为白色；第一颜色为蓝色、第二颜色为红色、第三颜色为白色等。
如图3A所示，本发明实施例提供的一种色彩滤镜单元由第一像素、第二像素、第三像素和第四像素共4个矩形像素组成，所述矩形像素的长边是短边的2倍，所述第一像素和所述第二像素沿所述长边所在的第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第三像素和所述第四像素沿所述第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第一像素和所述第三像素在所述短边所在的第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列；所述第一像素和所述第四像素在所述第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列；所述第一方向为水平方向，所述第二方向为垂直方向；图中的数字1、2、3、4分别表示第一像素、第二像素、第三像素和第四像素；所述第一像素的颜色为第一颜色，所述第三像素的颜色为第二颜色，所述第二像素和所述第四像素的颜色为第三颜色；或者所述第一像素和所述第三像素的颜色为第三颜色，所述第二像素的颜色为第一颜色，所述第四像素的颜色为第二颜色；其中，所述第一颜色、所述第二颜色和所述第三颜色互不相同。
如图3B所示，本发明实施例提供的一种色彩滤镜单元由第一像素、第二像素、第三像素和第四像素共4个矩形像素组成，所述矩形像素的长边是短边的2倍，所述第一像素和所述第二像素沿所述长边所在的第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第三像素和所述第四像素沿所述第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第一像素和所述第三像素在所述短边所在的第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列；所述第二像素和所述第三像素在所述第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列；所述第一方向为水平方向，所述第二方向为垂直方向；图中的数字1、2、3、4分别表示第一像素、第二像素、第三像素和第四像素；所述第一像素的颜色为第一颜色，所述第三像素的颜色为第二颜色，所述第二像素和所述第四像素的颜色为第三颜色；或者所述第一像素和所述第三像素的颜色为第三颜色，所述第二像素的颜色为第一颜色，所述第四像素的颜色为第二颜色；其中，所述第一颜色、所述第二颜色和所述第三颜色互不相同。
在水平方向上，图3A和图3B的区别在于第一像素和第三像素交错排列的方向不同，图3A中第一像素相对于第三像素向右交错，图3B中第一像素相对于第三像素向左交错。
图3C为图3A或图3B中单个矩形像素的示意图，短边的边长为d，长边的边长为2d。
图4A示出了本发明实施例中的一种色彩滤镜阵列，由在水平方向上对齐紧贴排列、且在垂直方向上以所述长边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列的多个如图3A所述的色彩滤镜单元组成。需要说明的是，图4A仅为本发明实施例中一种色彩滤镜阵列的示意图，不对图中包括的色彩滤镜单元的数量做任何限定。
图4B示出了本发明实施例中的一种色彩滤镜阵列，由在水平方向上对齐紧贴排列、且在垂直方向上以所述长边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列的多个如图3B所述的色彩滤镜单元组成。需要说明的是，图4B仅为本发明实施例中一种色彩滤镜阵列的示意图，不对图中包括的色彩滤镜单元的数量做任何限定。
图4C为图4A中第一像素的颜色为第一颜色，第三像素的颜色为第二颜色，第二像素和第四像素的颜色为第三颜色，且第一颜色为红色、第二颜色为蓝色、第三颜色为绿色的一个实施例，图中R代表红色像素，B代表蓝色像素，G代表绿色像素。从图4C中可见，红色像素的空间分辨率是2d，蓝色像素的空间分辨率是2d，绿色像素的空间分辨率是d，各色像素的空间分辨率与如图2所示的传统的基于拜耳模式的色彩滤镜阵列相同；而图4C中每个像素的面积是2d 2，是图2中每个像素的面积d 2的2倍，因此，本发明实施例可以在不降低图像传感器分辨率的情况下，最大限度的提高色彩滤镜像素的面积，以提高图像传感器的灵敏度。以此类推，在将图4A更换成图4B；将第一像素和第三像素的颜色更换成第三颜色，第二像素的颜色更换成第一颜色，第四像素的颜色更换成第二颜色；将第一颜色更换成蓝色，将第二颜色更换成红色；将第三颜色更换成白色等各种实施例中可以获得同样的结论。
如图5A所示，本发明实施例提供的一种色彩滤镜单元由第一像素、第二像素、第三像素和第四像素共4个矩形像素组成，所述矩形像素的长边是短边的2倍，所述第一像素和所述第二像素沿所述长边所在的第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第三像素和所述第四像素沿所述第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第一像素和所述第三像素在所述短边所在的第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列；所述第一像素和所述第四像素在所述第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列；所述第一方向为垂直方向，所述第二方向为水平方向；图中的数字1、2、3、4分别表示第一像素、第二像素、第三像素和第四像素；所述第一像素的颜色为第一颜色，所述第三像素的颜色为第二颜色，所述第二像素和所述第四像素的颜色为第三颜色；或者所述第一像素和所述第三像素的颜色为第三颜色，所述第二像素的颜色为第一颜色，所述第四像素的颜色为第二颜色；其中，所述第一颜色、所述第二颜色和所述第三颜色互不相同。
如图5B所示，本发明实施例提供的一种色彩滤镜单元由第一像素、第二像素、第三像素和第四像素共4个矩形像素组成，所述矩形像素的长边是短边的2倍，所述第一像素和所述第二像素沿所述长边所在的第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第三像素和所述第四像素沿所述第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第一像素和所述第三像素在所述短边所在的第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列；所述第二像素和所述第三像素在所述第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列；所述第一方向为垂直方向，所述第二方向为水平方向；图中的数字1、2、3、4分别表示第一像素、第二像素、第三像素和第四像素；所述第一像素的颜色为第一颜色，所述第三像素的颜色为第二颜色，所述第二像素和所述第四像素的颜色为第三颜色；或者所述第一像素和所述第三像素的颜色为第三颜色，所述第二像素的颜色为第一颜色，所述第四像素的颜色为第二颜色；其中，所述第一颜色、所述第二颜色和所述第三颜色互不相同。
在垂直方向上，图5A和图5B的区别在于第一像素和第三像素交错排列的方向不同，图5A中第一像素相对于第三像素向下交错，图5B中第一像素相对于第三像素向上交错。
图5C为图5A或图5B中单个矩形像素的示意图，短边的边长为d，长边的边长为2d。
图6A示出了本发明实施例中的一种色彩滤镜阵列，由在垂直方向上对齐紧贴排列、且在水平方向上以所述长边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列的多个如图5A所述的色彩滤镜单元组成。需要说明的是，图6A仅为本发明实施例中一种色彩滤镜阵列的示意图，不对图中包括的色彩滤镜单元的数量做任何限定。
图6B示出了本发明实施例中的一种色彩滤镜阵列，由在垂直方向上对齐紧贴排列、且在水平方向上以所述长边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列的多个如图5B所述的色彩滤镜单元组成。需要说明的是，图6B仅为本发明实施例中一种色彩滤镜阵列的示意图，不对图中包括的色彩滤镜单元的数量做任何限定。
图6C为图6B中第一像素和第三像素的颜色为第三颜色，第二像素的颜色为第一颜色，第四像素的颜色为第二颜色，且第一颜色为蓝色、第二颜色为红色、第三颜色为绿色的一个实施例，图中R代表红色像素，B代表蓝色像素，G代表绿色像素。从图6C中可见，红色像素的空间分辨率是2d，蓝色像素的空间分辨率是2d，绿色像素的空间分辨率是d，各色像素的空间分辨率与如图2所示的传统的基于拜耳模式的色彩滤镜阵列相同；而图6C中每个像素的面积是2d 2，是图2中每个像素的面积d 2的2倍，因此，本发明实施例可以在不降低图像传感器分辨率的情况下，最大限度的提高色彩滤镜像素的面积，以提高图像传感器的灵敏度。以此类推，在将图6B更换成图6A；将第一像素的颜色更换成第一颜色，第三像素的颜色更换成第二颜色，第二像素和第四像素的颜色更换成第四颜色；将第一颜色更换成红色，将第二颜色更换成蓝色；将第三颜色更换成白色等各种实施例中可以获得同样的结论。
本说明书仅列出第一方向为水平方向，第二方向为垂直方向或者第一方向为垂直方向，第二方向为水平方向的具体实施例，而实际上所述第一方向和所述第二方向可以为平面上相互垂直的任意方向。
与现有技术中的色彩滤镜阵列的参数进行比较可知，在像素分辨率相同的情况下，本发明实施例所提供的色彩滤镜阵列中单个像素的面积更大，即可以实现在保证空间分辨率不变的情况下，提高单位色彩滤镜像素的面积。
在具体应用中，本发明实施例所提供的色彩滤镜阵列可以按照实际需要裁剪成任意形状，只要不改变其像素的周期性排列规则即可。
本发明实施例还提供一种图像传感器，包括上述任意的色彩滤镜阵列。可以在不降低图像传感器分辨率的情况下，最大限度的提高单位色彩滤镜像素的面积，从而提高图像传感器的灵敏度。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述或记载的部分，可以参见其它实施例的相关描述。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
在本发明所提供的实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的***实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个***，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通讯连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通讯连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备（可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等）或处理器（processor）执行本发明实施例各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器（ROM，Read-Only Memory）、随机存取存储器（RAM，Random Access Memory）、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种色彩滤镜阵列，其特征在于，所述色彩滤镜阵列包括多个色彩滤镜单元；
    所述色彩滤镜单元由第一像素、第二像素、第三像素和第四像素共4个矩形像素组成，所述矩形像素的长边是短边的2倍，所述第一像素和所述第二像素沿所述长边所在的第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第三像素和所述第四像素沿所述第一方向依次、且以短边对齐的方式紧贴排列，所述第一像素和所述第三像素在所述短边所在的第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列；
    所述色彩滤镜阵列由在所述第一方向上对齐紧贴排列、且在所述第二方向上以所述长边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列的多个所述色彩滤镜单元组成；
    所述第一像素的颜色为第一颜色，所述第三像素的颜色为第二颜色，所述第二像素和所述第四像素的颜色为第三颜色；或者所述第一像素和所述第三像素的颜色为第三颜色，所述第二像素的颜色为第一颜色，所述第四像素的颜色为第二颜色；
    其中，所述第一颜色、所述第二颜色和所述第三颜色互不相同。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的色彩滤镜阵列，其特征在于，所述第一方向为水平方向，所述第二方向为垂直方向。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的色彩滤镜阵列，其特征在于，所述第一方向为垂直方向，所述第二方向为水平方向。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的色彩滤镜阵列，其特征在于，所述第一像素和所述第四像素在所述短边所在的第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的色彩滤镜阵列，其特征在于，所述第二像素和所述第三像素在所述短边所在的第二方向上依次、且以所述短边的长度为交错距离交错紧贴排列。
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的色彩滤镜阵列，其特征在于，所述第一颜色为红色、所述第二颜色为蓝色、所述第三颜色为绿色。
  7. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的色彩滤镜阵列，其特征在于，所述第一颜色为蓝色、所述第二颜色为红色、所述第三颜色为绿色。
  8. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的色彩滤镜阵列，其特征在于，所述第一颜色为红色、所述第二颜色为蓝色、所述第三颜色为白色。
  9. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的色彩滤镜阵列，其特征在于，所述第一颜色为蓝色、所述第二颜色为红色、所述第三颜色为白色。
  10. 一种图像传感器，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1~9中任一项所述的色彩滤镜阵列。
PCT/CN2018/076242 2017-03-24 2018-02-11 一种色彩滤镜阵列及图像传感器 WO2018171360A1 (zh)

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