WO2018167041A1 - Electric or data transmission cables having high electrical conductivity and/or high data transmission speed - Google Patents

Electric or data transmission cables having high electrical conductivity and/or high data transmission speed Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018167041A1
WO2018167041A1 PCT/EP2018/056205 EP2018056205W WO2018167041A1 WO 2018167041 A1 WO2018167041 A1 WO 2018167041A1 EP 2018056205 W EP2018056205 W EP 2018056205W WO 2018167041 A1 WO2018167041 A1 WO 2018167041A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
metal
wire
copper
metallic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/056205
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Vincenzo Tagliaferri
Silvio GENNA
Claudio Leone
Nadia UCCIARDELLO
Original Assignee
Vincenzo Tagliaferri
Genna Silvio
Claudio Leone
Ucciardello Nadia
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vincenzo Tagliaferri, Genna Silvio, Claudio Leone, Ucciardello Nadia filed Critical Vincenzo Tagliaferri
Priority to EP18712825.1A priority Critical patent/EP3596737B1/en
Publication of WO2018167041A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018167041A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/04—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
    • C25D7/0607—Wires
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/30—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for reducing conductor losses when carrying alternating current, e.g. due to skin effect

Definitions

  • Electric or data transmission cables having high electrical conductivity and/or high data transmission speed.
  • the present invention relates to cables and a method for their production.
  • “cable” it is here intended to refer to the set including conductors, insulators, sheaths and protective or shielding reinforcements, specifically built to convey the current for both electricity transport and signal transmission.
  • the cables when compared to similar cables known in the art, are characterized by the fact that:
  • a radio frequency cable is described, characterized in that the inner conductor is composed of an aluminium core and externally a copper layer is deposited on the peripheral area of the aluminium core, therefore only copper is deposited on the outer layer (not with the electrodeposition method).
  • a coaxial cable is described which has a metal wire as its core, in which said metal wire is coated:
  • the present invention relates to cables, useful for conveying the current for both electricity transport and signal transmission, characterized by the fact that they have a reduced skin effect; they have a higher electricity conduction speed; they have a higher signal conduction speed; they have a higher frequency band and have low production costs, and, when polymers or particular metal foams are used "poor/cheap in the building material" or metals having a value lower than copper, for example aluminium, they are less or not at all likely to be stolen.
  • the present invention also relates to a new method for the production of the cables described above.
  • “cables useful for conveying the current for both electricity transport and signal and/or data transmission” it is here meant to refer to "electric" cables that are useful for the electricity supply lines to towns, cables useful for electrical systems of industries and/or civilian homes, cables for transmission of data, (for example from and to a computer), mixed cables, for example useful for signals and data transport, such as those used for modern cameras, in which the same LAN cable is useful for both power supply and data transmission (text, images and/or voices ) from the camera to the receiver.
  • the cables useful for conveying the current for both electricity transport and signal and/or data transmission consist of a core of metallic material, such as copper, aluminium, silver, gold, nickel or alloys and foams thereof; or in non-metallic material, such as a polymeric material selected in the group comprising polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), polystyrine (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide (PA), aery Ion i tri 1 e-butad iene-st yrene( A BS ) , polylactic acid (PLA) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and a ceramic material.
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PE polyethylene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PMMA polymethylmethacrylate
  • PP polypropylene
  • PS polystyrine
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PA polyamide
  • core it is here meant to include a wire, conductor wire, a metal wire, a non-metallic wire, a wire in "metallic foam” (a non-limiting example of metal foams is reported in WO2014141071), a braided (as with the house copper wires) or not braided wire, a single or multiple wire, in a central or lateral position, a wire coated or not coated with isolating materials known in the art, a wire of any shape or size, for civil, industrial or domestic purposes and/or uses.
  • the “skin effect” is the tendency for alternating current (AC) to flow mostly near the outer surface of an electrical conductor, such as metal wire. This effect becomes more and more apparent as the frequency increases.
  • a cable useful for conveying the current for both electricity transport and signal and/or data transmission comprising a core of metallic material selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, gold and alloys or foams thereof; or a core in non-metallic material selected from the group comprising polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide (PA), acrylonitrilc-butadicnc-styrcnc (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ceramic and mixtures thereof;
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PE polyethylene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PMMA polymethylmethacrylate
  • PP polypropylene
  • PS polystyrene
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PA acrylonitrilc-butadicnc
  • said metallic or non-metallic core is coated with a first metallic layer, wherein the metal is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys or foams thereof, and wherein the first metallic layer is deposited on said core using a physical deposition technique (such as PVD - Physical Vapor Deposition) or a chemical deposition technique (such as CVD - Chemical Vapor Deposition) (as described in Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, No. 9);
  • a second layer of metal and graphene is deposited, using the electrodeposition technique described in WO2014141071 , in which the metal associated with graphene may be the same or different from that used in the layer a) (for example, but not exclusively, copper, nickel silver or aluminium);
  • a third metallic layer is deposited or stratified under the same experimental conditions used for layer a) , in which the metal used can be the same or different from that used for layer a) and/or layer b).
  • the layer a) is optional
  • the layer c) is optional.
  • a core in metallic material selected from the group comprising copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys or foams thereof;
  • a core in a non-metallic material selected form the group comprising: polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide (PA), acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ceramic materials and mixtures thereof;;
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PE polyethylene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PMMA polymethylmethacrylate
  • PP polypropylene
  • PS polystyrene
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PA polyamide
  • ABS acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene
  • PLA polylactic acid
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the non-metallic wire is subjected to a physical vapor deposition procedure (PVD - Physical Vapor Deposition) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD - Chemical Vapor Deposition) of a first metal layer or its alloys, as non-limiting example aluminium, silver or copper; through the PVD/CVD procedure, a metallic layer is deposited on the surface of the non-metallic wire that flows from the unwinding coil to the winding coil; it is possible to adjust the amount of metal to deposit on the wire by adjusting the winding speed of the wire; the method used is well known in the art and described in http://www.mag-data om/dettagli-tecnici/introduzione-ai-film-polimerici/ Journal of Materials Chemistry C Volume 4 Number 37, 7 October 2016, Pages 8585-8830; and/or Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, No. 9;
  • the non-metallic wire (metallized and activated with graphene) obtained in STEP 2a) is subjected to an electrodeposition process of a third layer of metal, as described in WO2014141071; or to a chemical or physical vapor deposition process using the PVD or CVD procedure, as described before for STEP la); if it is a metallic core,
  • the metal wire is subjected to a physical vapor deposition procedure (PVD / Physical Vapor Deposition) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD / Chemical Vapor Deposition) of a first metal layer or its alloys, for example aluminium; through the PVD/CVD procedure a metallic layer is deposited on the surface of the metallic wire that flows from the unwinding coil to the winding coil; it is possible to adjust the amount of metal to deposit on the wire by adjusting the winding speed of the wire; the method used is well known in the art and described in http://www.mag-data.com/dettagli- tecnici/introduée-ai-film-polimerici/ Journal of Materials Chemistry C Volume 4 Number 37, 7 October 2016, Pages 8585-8830; and/or Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, No. 9.
  • the metal wire (re-metallized for example with a more expensive and more conductive metal) obtained in STEP lb) is subjected to an electrodeposition process of a second layer of metal and graphene as described in WO2014141071.
  • a cable is obtained useful to convey the current for both electricity transport and signal and/or data transmission, characterized by:
  • Said cable can be suitably coated by one or more layers of insulating material using the methods known in the art.
  • a first metallic layer is deposited using the physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) procedure;
  • a second metal and graphene layer is deposited, using an electrodeposition procedure
  • a third metal layer is deposited using the physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapour deposition (CVD) or electrodeposition procedure;
  • the metallic material of the wire is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys or foams thereof;
  • the non-metallic wire material is selected from the group comprising: polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene , polylactic acid , polytetrafluoroethylene and mixtures thereof;
  • the metallic material of the first, second and third step is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys or foams thereof;
  • the metal of the first step may be the same or different from the metal of the second step, which in turn may be the same or different from the metal of the third step;
  • STEP 1 when a copper metallic wire or a wire in a metal more conductive than copper is used, STEP 1) is optional;
  • STEP 3 when non-metallic wire metallized with copper, or with a metal more conductive than copper is used in the first step, STEP 3) is optional.
  • a further object of the present invention is a cable which is useful for conveying the current for both transporting electricity and transmitting signals and/or data, characterized in that it comprises at least one core made of metallic material and/or in non-metallic material;
  • - is further coated with a second layer of metal and graphene using an electrodeposition technique;
  • - is further coated with a third metal layer deposited using the physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or electrodeposition technique;
  • the metallic material is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys or foams thereof;
  • the non-metallic material is selected from the group comprising: polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polylactic acid, polytetrafluoroethylene and mixtures thereof;
  • the metallic material of the first, second and third layer is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys thereof;
  • the metal of the first layer may be the same or different from the metal of the second layer, which in turn may be the same or different from the metal of the third layer;
  • the first layer is optional;
  • the third layer is optional.
  • a further object of the present invention is a cable coated with one or more layers of polymeric and/or insulating material.
  • the cable :
  • the thickness of the metal layer deposited by vapor or of the layer of metal and graphene range from 0.01 mm to 2 mm.
  • the PVC wire is subjected to a vapour deposition procedure (CVD or PVD) of a first metallic layer in aluminium, copper or silver.
  • CVD or PVD vapour deposition procedure
  • a layer of aluminium, copper or silver is deposited on the surface of the non-metallic wire that flows from the unwinding coil to the winding coil (it is possible to adjust the amount of copper to deposit on the wire by adjusting the winding speed of the wire itself, as described in http://www.mag-data.com/dettagli- tecnici/introduée-ai-film-polimerici/; Journal of Materials Chemistry C Volume 4 Number 37, 7 October 2016, Pages 8585-8830; d/orAdv. Mater. 2000, 12, No. 9), thus obtaining a metallized PVC wire.
  • the metallized wire obtained at the end of the first step is subjected to a further electrodeposition process of a second layer of "copper (but not exclusively) and graphene" (as described in WO2014141071; as an alternative to copper, silver or another metal can be used indistinctly).
  • the wire obtained at the end of the second step is subjected to a vapor deposition process (CVD or PVD) as described in the first step.
  • CVD vapor deposition process
  • the wire thus obtained showed an improvement of 50-100% compared to traditional electric wires (in silver, copper or aluminium) not treated with the process according to the invention in the speed of data transmission, measured in bps (bit per second).
  • STEP 1 the metallic foam wire is subjected to a vapor deposition procedure (CVD or PVD) of a first copper or silver metallic layer.
  • CVD or PVD vapor deposition procedure
  • a layer of copper or silver is deposited on the surface of the flowing wire (it is possible to adjust the amount of copper to deposit on the wire by adjusting the winding speed of the wire itself, as described in http://www.mag-data.com/dettagli- tecnici/introduuite-ai-film-polimerici/; Journal of Materials Chemistry C Volume 4 Number 37, 7 October 2016, Pages 8585-8830; and/or Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, No. 9) thus obtaining a wire in metal foam coated with a metal layer.
  • the metallized wire obtained at the end of the first step is subjected to a further electrodeposition process of a second layer of "copper (but not exclusively) and graphene" (as described in WO2014141071; as an alternative to copper, silver or other metal can be used indistinctly).
  • the wire obtained at the end of the second step is subjected to a vapour deposition process (CVD or PVD) as described in the first step.
  • CVD vapour deposition process
  • the wire thus obtained showed an improvement of 50-100% compared to traditional electric wires (in silver, copper or aluminium) not activated by the process according to the invention in the speed of data transmission, measured in bps (bit per second).

Abstract

The present invention relates to new electric or data/signal transmission cables characterized by having: - higher capacity/speed of electricity conduction with respect to similar electric cables known in the art; and/or - higher data/signal transmission capacity/speed with respect to similar cables (for example LAN cables) known in the art.

Description

Electric or data transmission cables having high electrical conductivity and/or high data transmission speed.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cables and a method for their production.
According to the present invention, by "cable" it is here intended to refer to the set including conductors, insulators, sheaths and protective or shielding reinforcements, specifically built to convey the current for both electricity transport and signal transmission.
The cables, according to the present invention, when compared to similar cables known in the art, are characterized by the fact that:
- they have a reduced skin effect;
- they can be used at higher frequencies (and therefore offer greater bandwidth)
- they have a higher capacity and/or speed of electricity conduction;
- they have a higher capacity and/or speed of signal conduction; and
- they can be made of materials cheaper than copper, for example in aluminium or non-metal materials (therefore, in this case, they are less likely to be stolen).
In Italy, for example, the thieves of electric copper cables cause (direct and indirect) damages for millions of euros per year.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In WO2014/141071 a method is described for the preparation of coated metal foams (by an electrodeposition process) with a metal matrix and graphene.
In CN202384469 a radio frequency cable is described, characterized in that the inner conductor is composed of an aluminium core and externally a copper layer is deposited on the peripheral area of the aluminium core, therefore only copper is deposited on the outer layer (not with the electrodeposition method). In WO2015/041439 a coaxial cable is described which has a metal wire as its core, in which said metal wire is coated:
- by a first layer of " 'composite plating" having a mixture of a homogeneous or heterogeneous metal and a first graphene; and subsequently
- by a second layer of graphene deposited on the surface of the "composite plating" layer. US 2016/228964 claims an electrode for electrical discharge machines, comprising a core, preferably made of copper, brass, molybdenum, tungsten or steel, and a coating, wherein the coating contains graphene.
In the field, the need is felt to have economic cables available that are less likely to be stolen, and which exhibit better functional characteristics than the cables known in the art.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
It has now been surprisingly found that cheap cables, better for energy and/or signal transport, when compared to those known in the art, are obtainable through the use of the process according to the present invention.
Therefore, the present invention relates to cables, useful for conveying the current for both electricity transport and signal transmission, characterized by the fact that they have a reduced skin effect; they have a higher electricity conduction speed; they have a higher signal conduction speed; they have a higher frequency band and have low production costs, and, when polymers or particular metal foams are used "poor/cheap in the building material" or metals having a value lower than copper, for example aluminium, they are less or not at all likely to be stolen.
The present invention also relates to a new method for the production of the cables described above.
According to the present invention, by "cables useful for conveying the current for both electricity transport and signal and/or data transmission" it is here meant to refer to "electric" cables that are useful for the electricity supply lines to towns, cables useful for electrical systems of industries and/or civilian homes, cables for transmission of data, (for example from and to a computer), mixed cables, for example useful for signals and data transport, such as those used for modern cameras, in which the same LAN cable is useful for both power supply and data transmission (text, images and/or voices ) from the camera to the receiver.
According to the present invention, the cables useful for conveying the current for both electricity transport and signal and/or data transmission consist of a core of metallic material, such as copper, aluminium, silver, gold, nickel or alloys and foams thereof; or in non-metallic material, such as a polymeric material selected in the group comprising polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), polystyrine (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide (PA), aery Ion i tri 1 e-butad iene-st yrene( A BS ) , polylactic acid (PLA) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and a ceramic material.
According to the present invention the term "core" it is here meant to include a wire, conductor wire, a metal wire, a non-metallic wire, a wire in "metallic foam" (a non-limiting example of metal foams is reported in WO2014141071), a braided (as with the house copper wires) or not braided wire, a single or multiple wire, in a central or lateral position, a wire coated or not coated with isolating materials known in the art, a wire of any shape or size, for civil, industrial or domestic purposes and/or uses.
The "skin effect" is the tendency for alternating current (AC) to flow mostly near the outer surface of an electrical conductor, such as metal wire. This effect becomes more and more apparent as the frequency increases.
It is therefore an object of the present invention a cable useful for conveying the current for both electricity transport and signal and/or data transmission, comprising a core of metallic material selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, gold and alloys or foams thereof; or a core in non-metallic material selected from the group comprising polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide (PA), acrylonitrilc-butadicnc-styrcnc (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ceramic and mixtures thereof;
wherein:
a) said metallic or non-metallic core is coated with a first metallic layer, wherein the metal is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys or foams thereof, and wherein the first metallic layer is deposited on said core using a physical deposition technique (such as PVD - Physical Vapor Deposition) or a chemical deposition technique (such as CVD - Chemical Vapor Deposition) (as described in Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, No. 9);
b) on the first layer a) a second layer of metal and graphene is deposited, using the electrodeposition technique described in WO2014141071 , in which the metal associated with graphene may be the same or different from that used in the layer a) (for example, but not exclusively, copper, nickel silver or aluminium);
c) on the second metal and graphene layer b) a third metallic layer is deposited or stratified under the same experimental conditions used for layer a) , in which the metal used can be the same or different from that used for layer a) and/or layer b).
According to the present invention:
-when the core of the cable is metallic, the layer a) is optional,
-when the core of the cable is non-metallic, the layer c) is optional.
It is a further object of the present invention a process for preparing a cable useful for conveying the current for both electricity transport and signal transmission,
comprising:
a core in metallic material, selected from the group comprising copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys or foams thereof;
or: a core in a non-metallic material selected form the group comprising: polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamide (PA), acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ceramic materials and mixtures thereof;;
wherein said core is subjected to the following steps:
if it is a non-metallic core,
STEP la)
- the non-metallic wire is subjected to a physical vapor deposition procedure (PVD - Physical Vapor Deposition) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD - Chemical Vapor Deposition) of a first metal layer or its alloys, as non-limiting example aluminium, silver or copper; through the PVD/CVD procedure, a metallic layer is deposited on the surface of the non-metallic wire that flows from the unwinding coil to the winding coil; it is possible to adjust the amount of metal to deposit on the wire by adjusting the winding speed of the wire; the method used is well known in the art and described in http://www.mag-data om/dettagli-tecnici/introduzione-ai-film-polimerici/ Journal of Materials Chemistry C Volume 4 Number 37, 7 October 2016, Pages 8585-8830; and/or Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, No. 9;
STEP 2a)
- the non-metallic (metallized) wire obtained in STEP la) is subjected to an electrodeposition process of a second layer of metal and graphene, as described in WO2014141071;
STEP 3a)
- the non-metallic wire (metallized and activated with graphene) obtained in STEP 2a) is subjected to an electrodeposition process of a third layer of metal, as described in WO2014141071; or to a chemical or physical vapor deposition process using the PVD or CVD procedure, as described before for STEP la); if it is a metallic core,
STEP lb)
- the metal wire is subjected to a physical vapor deposition procedure (PVD / Physical Vapor Deposition) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD / Chemical Vapor Deposition) of a first metal layer or its alloys, for example aluminium; through the PVD/CVD procedure a metallic layer is deposited on the surface of the metallic wire that flows from the unwinding coil to the winding coil; it is possible to adjust the amount of metal to deposit on the wire by adjusting the winding speed of the wire; the method used is well known in the art and described in http://www.mag-data.com/dettagli- tecnici/introduzione-ai-film-polimerici/ Journal of Materials Chemistry C Volume 4 Number 37, 7 October 2016, Pages 8585-8830; and/or Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, No. 9.
STEP 2b)
- the metal wire (re-metallized for example with a more expensive and more conductive metal) obtained in STEP lb) is subjected to an electrodeposition process of a second layer of metal and graphene as described in WO2014141071.
STEP 3b)
- the metallized wire and activated with graphene obtained in STEP 2b) is subjected to a further electrodeposition process of a third layer of "metal or its alloys" as described in WO2014141071 ; or to a chemical or physical vapor deposition process using the PVD or CVD procedure as described in; Journal of Materials Chemistry C Volume 4 Number 37, 7 October 2016, Pages 8585-8830; and/or Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, No. 9.
By using these methods and steps, a cable is obtained useful to convey the current for both electricity transport and signal and/or data transmission, characterized by:
-showing a reduced skin effect (when compared to similar cables known in the art);
- having a higher capacity and/or speed of electricity transport;
- having a higher capacity and/or speed of signal and /or data transmission; - having a broader frequency band; and
- being less likely to be stolen.
Said cable can be suitably coated by one or more layers of insulating material using the methods known in the art.
It is a further object of the present invention a process for producing a cable useful for conveying the current for both transporting electricity and transmitting signals and/or data, comprising subjecting the metallic or non-metallic core (a wire) of such cable to the following steps: STEP 1)
on the wire a first metallic layer is deposited using the physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) procedure;
STEP 2)
on the wire of step 1) a second metal and graphene layer is deposited, using an electrodeposition procedure;
STEP 3)
on the wire of step 2) a third metal layer is deposited using the physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapour deposition (CVD) or electrodeposition procedure;
wherein:
- the metallic material of the wire is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys or foams thereof;
- the non-metallic wire material is selected from the group comprising: polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene , polylactic acid , polytetrafluoroethylene and mixtures thereof;
- the metallic material of the first, second and third step is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys or foams thereof; - the metal of the first step may be the same or different from the metal of the second step, which in turn may be the same or different from the metal of the third step;
wherein:
when a copper metallic wire or a wire in a metal more conductive than copper is used, STEP 1) is optional;
and
when non-metallic wire metallized with copper, or with a metal more conductive than copper is used in the first step, STEP 3) is optional.
A further object of the present invention is a cable which is useful for conveying the current for both transporting electricity and transmitting signals and/or data, characterized in that it comprises at least one core made of metallic material and/or in non-metallic material;
wherein said core:
- is coated with a first metal layer deposited using the PVD or CVD technique;
- is further coated with a second layer of metal and graphene using an electrodeposition technique; - is further coated with a third metal layer deposited using the physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or electrodeposition technique;
wherein:
- the metallic material is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys or foams thereof;
- the non-metallic material is selected from the group comprising: polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polylactic acid, polytetrafluoroethylene and mixtures thereof;
- the metallic material of the first, second and third layer is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys thereof; - the metal of the first layer may be the same or different from the metal of the second layer, which in turn may be the same or different from the metal of the third layer;
wherein:
when a copper wire or a wire in a metal more conductive than copper is used, the first layer is optional; and
when a non-metallic wire metallized with copper or with a metal more conductive than copper is used in the first layer, the third layer is optional.
A further object of the present invention is a cable characterized in that:
- has a reduced skin effect;
- has a higher capacity and/or speed of electricity conduction;
- has a higher capacity and/or signal conduction speed;
- has a higher frequency band;
when compared to copper cables or other cables known in the art.
A further object of the present invention is a cable coated with one or more layers of polymeric and/or insulating material.
According to the present invention the cable:
can have a section of any geometric shape;
can consist of strands of wires;
can consist of coaxial conducting wires;
can be hollow (internally empty) or not hollow;
can have a section comprised between 0.1 mm to 40 mm2.
According to the present invention, the thickness of the metal layer deposited by vapor or of the layer of metal and graphene range from 0.01 mm to 2 mm.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION EXAMPLE 1 Process for the preparation of a cable useful for conveying the current for both transporting electricity and transmitting signals, in which a PVC wire is used as starting material.
STEP 1)
- the PVC wire is subjected to a vapour deposition procedure (CVD or PVD) of a first metallic layer in aluminium, copper or silver. Through the CVD/PVD procedure a layer of aluminium, copper or silver, is deposited on the surface of the non-metallic wire that flows from the unwinding coil to the winding coil (it is possible to adjust the amount of copper to deposit on the wire by adjusting the winding speed of the wire itself, as described in http://www.mag-data.com/dettagli- tecnici/introduzione-ai-film-polimerici/; Journal of Materials Chemistry C Volume 4 Number 37, 7 October 2016, Pages 8585-8830; d/orAdv. Mater. 2000, 12, No. 9), thus obtaining a metallized PVC wire.
STEP 2)
The metallized wire obtained at the end of the first step is subjected to a further electrodeposition process of a second layer of "copper (but not exclusively) and graphene" (as described in WO2014141071; as an alternative to copper, silver or another metal can be used indistinctly).
STEP 3)
The wire obtained at the end of the second step is subjected to a vapor deposition process (CVD or PVD) as described in the first step.
The wire thus obtained showed an improvement of 50-100% compared to traditional electric wires (in silver, copper or aluminium) not treated with the process according to the invention in the speed of data transmission, measured in bps (bit per second).
EXAMPLE 2
Process for the preparation of a cable useful for conveying the current for both transporting electricity and transmitting signals in which a metallic foam wire is used as starting material.
STEP 1) - the metallic foam wire is subjected to a vapor deposition procedure (CVD or PVD) of a first copper or silver metallic layer. Through the CVD/PVD procedure a layer of copper or silver, is deposited on the surface of the flowing wire (it is possible to adjust the amount of copper to deposit on the wire by adjusting the winding speed of the wire itself, as described in http://www.mag-data.com/dettagli- tecnici/introduzione-ai-film-polimerici/; Journal of Materials Chemistry C Volume 4 Number 37, 7 October 2016, Pages 8585-8830; and/or Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, No. 9) thus obtaining a wire in metal foam coated with a metal layer.
STEP 2)
The metallized wire obtained at the end of the first step is subjected to a further electrodeposition process of a second layer of "copper (but not exclusively) and graphene" (as described in WO2014141071; as an alternative to copper, silver or other metal can be used indistinctly).
STEP 3)
The wire obtained at the end of the second step is subjected to a vapour deposition process (CVD or PVD) as described in the first step.
The wire thus obtained showed an improvement of 50-100% compared to traditional electric wires (in silver, copper or aluminium) not activated by the process according to the invention in the speed of data transmission, measured in bps (bit per second).

Claims

1. Process for the production of a cable useful for conveying the current for both the transport of electricity and the transmission of signals and/or data, comprising subjecting a metallic or non- metallic core (a wire) of such cable to the following steps:
STEP 1)
on the wire a first metallic layer is deposited using the physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) procedure;
STEP 2)
on the wire of STEP 1) a second metal and graphene layer is deposited, using an electrodeposition procedure;
STEP 3)
on the wire of STEP 2) a third metal layer is deposited using the physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or electrodeposition procedure.
2. Process of claim 1 wherein:
- the metallic material of the wire is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys or foams thereof;
- the non-metallic material of the wire is selected from the group comprising: polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polylactic acid, polytetrafluoroethylene and mixtures thereof;
- the metallic material of the first second and third step is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys thereof;
- the metal of the first layer or step may be the same or different from the metal of the second layer, which in turn may be the same or different from the metal of the third layer.
3. Process of the preceding claims, wherein: when a copper wire or a wire in a metal more conductive than copper is used, STEP 1) is optional.
4. Process of claims 1 or 2, wherein: when a non-metallic wire metallized with copper or with a metal more conductive than copper is used in the first step, STEP 3) is optional.
5. Cable useful for conveying the current for both electricity transport and signal and/or data transmission, characterized in that it comprises at least one core of metallic material and/or non- metallic material, wherein said core:
- is coated with a first metal layer deposited using the PVD or CVD technique;
- is further coated with a second layer of metal and graphene using an electrodeposition technique;
- is further coated with a third metal layer deposited using the physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or electrodeposition technique.
6. Cable of claim 5, wherein:
- the metallic material of the core is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys or foams thereof;
- the non-metallic material of the core is selected from the group comprising: polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polylactic acid, polytetrafluoroethylene and mixtures thereof;
- the metallic material of the first second and third layer is selected from the group comprising: copper, aluminium, silver, nickel, gold and alloys thereof;
- the metal of the first layer may be the same or different from the metal of the second layer, which in turn may be the same or different from the metal of the third layer.
7. Cable of claims 5 or 6, wherein: when a copper wire or a wire in a metal more conductive than copper is used, the first layer is optional.
8. Cable of claims 5 or 6, wherein: when a metallized non-metallic wire is used in the first layer with copper, or a metal more conductive than copper, the third layer is optional.
9. Cable of claim 5, characterized in that:
- it has a reduced skin effect;
- it has a greater capacity and/or speed of electricity conduction;
- has a greater capacity and/or signal conduction speed;
- has a higher frequency band;
when compared to copper cables known in the art.
10. Cable of claim 5, coated with one or more layers of polymeric and/or insulating material.
PCT/EP2018/056205 2017-03-14 2018-03-13 Electric or data transmission cables having high electrical conductivity and/or high data transmission speed WO2018167041A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18712825.1A EP3596737B1 (en) 2017-03-14 2018-03-13 Electric or data transmission cables having high electrical conductivity and/or high data transmission speed

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102017000020695 2017-03-14
IT102017000020695A IT201700020695A1 (en) 2017-03-14 2017-03-14 New electrical or data transmission cables with high electrical conductivity and / or high data transmission speed.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018167041A1 true WO2018167041A1 (en) 2018-09-20

Family

ID=59521220

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2018/056205 WO2018167041A1 (en) 2017-03-14 2018-03-13 Electric or data transmission cables having high electrical conductivity and/or high data transmission speed

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3596737B1 (en)
IT (1) IT201700020695A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2018167041A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110277196A (en) * 2019-07-17 2019-09-24 安徽瑞之星电缆集团有限公司 A kind of very high-speed data transfer cable and its manufacturing process
CN111041542A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-04-21 上海交通大学 Composite metal wire with composite electroplated nano carbon metal film and preparation method thereof
IT202000012319A1 (en) * 2020-05-26 2021-11-26 Domenico Barbieri WIRES, STRANDS, RIGID AND FLEXIBLE ROPES WITH HIGH ELECTRICAL, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCES FOR THE PURPOSES OF ELECTRIC CONDUCTION, AND A METHOD FOR THEIR PREPARATION.
IT202000016903A1 (en) * 2020-07-13 2022-01-13 Company Trafil Production Srl ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS FOR POWER TRANSFORMERS WITH HIGH ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202384469U (en) 2011-12-20 2012-08-15 新泰爱克电缆有限公司 Radiofrequency cable with copper-clad-aluminum inner conductor and annular-embossed outer conductor
CN103943226A (en) * 2014-05-09 2014-07-23 浙江大学 Electric wire and cable with nickel-graphene complex phase protection layer and preparation method of electric wire and cable
WO2014141071A1 (en) 2013-03-12 2014-09-18 Jaber Innovation S.R.L. Electrodeposition on metal foams
WO2015041439A1 (en) 2013-09-23 2015-03-26 전자부품연구원 Coaxial cable including graphene coating layer and manufacturing method therefor
US20160228964A1 (en) 2015-02-06 2016-08-11 Agie Charmilles Sa Graphene electrode

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202384469U (en) 2011-12-20 2012-08-15 新泰爱克电缆有限公司 Radiofrequency cable with copper-clad-aluminum inner conductor and annular-embossed outer conductor
WO2014141071A1 (en) 2013-03-12 2014-09-18 Jaber Innovation S.R.L. Electrodeposition on metal foams
WO2015041439A1 (en) 2013-09-23 2015-03-26 전자부품연구원 Coaxial cable including graphene coating layer and manufacturing method therefor
CN103943226A (en) * 2014-05-09 2014-07-23 浙江大学 Electric wire and cable with nickel-graphene complex phase protection layer and preparation method of electric wire and cable
US20160228964A1 (en) 2015-02-06 2016-08-11 Agie Charmilles Sa Graphene electrode

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ADV. MATER., vol. 12, no. 9, 2000
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C, vol. 4, no. 37, 7 October 2016 (2016-10-07), pages 8585 - 8830
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C, vol. 4, no. 37, 7 October 2016 (2016-10-07), pages 8585 - 8830, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.mag-data.com/dettagli-tecnici/introduzione-ai-film-polimerici>

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110277196A (en) * 2019-07-17 2019-09-24 安徽瑞之星电缆集团有限公司 A kind of very high-speed data transfer cable and its manufacturing process
CN111041542A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-04-21 上海交通大学 Composite metal wire with composite electroplated nano carbon metal film and preparation method thereof
CN111041542B (en) * 2019-11-22 2021-03-30 上海交通大学 Composite metal wire with composite electroplated nano carbon metal film and preparation method thereof
IT202000012319A1 (en) * 2020-05-26 2021-11-26 Domenico Barbieri WIRES, STRANDS, RIGID AND FLEXIBLE ROPES WITH HIGH ELECTRICAL, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCES FOR THE PURPOSES OF ELECTRIC CONDUCTION, AND A METHOD FOR THEIR PREPARATION.
WO2021239658A1 (en) * 2020-05-26 2021-12-02 Barbieri Domenico Wires, strands, rigid and flexible ropes having high electric, physico-chemical and environmental performances
IT202000016903A1 (en) * 2020-07-13 2022-01-13 Company Trafil Production Srl ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS FOR POWER TRANSFORMERS WITH HIGH ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY.
WO2022013138A1 (en) * 2020-07-13 2022-01-20 Company Trafil Production Srl Electrical conductors for power transformers with high electrical and thermal conductivity

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3596737B1 (en) 2023-06-07
IT201700020695A1 (en) 2018-09-14
EP3596737A1 (en) 2020-01-22
EP3596737C0 (en) 2023-06-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3596737B1 (en) Electric or data transmission cables having high electrical conductivity and/or high data transmission speed
US6218624B1 (en) Coaxial cable
CA2573418A1 (en) Lightweight armor wires for electrical cables
CN104498780A (en) High-conductivity high-strength copper-clad aluminum alloy, alloy conducting wire and preparation method
CN108780681A (en) communication shielding wire
CN110088850A (en) Shielded cable is used in communication
CN105913958A (en) Anti-electromagnetic-interference shielded wire cable and preparation method
CN103354107A (en) Phase-regulated cable for spaceflight, and method for preparing same
KR20170028036A (en) Graphene-covered metal wire and manufacturing method thereof
CN201965990U (en) Coaxial cable
CN108885926B (en) Coaxial cable
CN204166939U (en) A kind of high-frequency low-consumption foamed coaxial cable
US20200388415A1 (en) Carbon nanotube based cabling
CN202940009U (en) Silver plated copper core composite insulation high and low temperature resistant radiation-proof light flexible wire
CN203521038U (en) Data bus cable
CN204143908U (en) Flexible flat cable structure
CN201868554U (en) Special coaxial radio-frequency cable of flexible inner conductor
JP2011060573A (en) Insulated wire and cable
US11866839B2 (en) Composite carbon nanotube structures
US10998112B2 (en) Carbon nanotube based cabling
CN203276904U (en) Antenna feed line
CN105139942B (en) Communication cable
CN109300598B (en) Aerospace-grade light coaxial cable
CN204087840U (en) Automobile electric wire
JP4405337B2 (en) Ultra-fine coaxial cable and manufacturing method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18712825

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2018712825

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20191014