WO2018151468A1 - Stationary-phase carrier for purifying sewage/wastewater and sewage treatment device using same - Google Patents

Stationary-phase carrier for purifying sewage/wastewater and sewage treatment device using same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018151468A1
WO2018151468A1 PCT/KR2018/001751 KR2018001751W WO2018151468A1 WO 2018151468 A1 WO2018151468 A1 WO 2018151468A1 KR 2018001751 W KR2018001751 W KR 2018001751W WO 2018151468 A1 WO2018151468 A1 WO 2018151468A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carrier
tank
sewage
mesh member
sewage treatment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2018/001751
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김대환
최재용
최철호
황필기
Original Assignee
(주)엘앤에이치 에코환경
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Publication of WO2018151468A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018151468A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1205—Particular type of activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1215—Combinations of activated sludge treatment with precipitation, flocculation, coagulation and separation of phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stationary bed carrier for wastewater purification that can be manufactured at low cost, and an eco-friendly stationary bed carrier for wastewater purification that can be used semi-permanently by being buried underground in a small size and a sewage treatment apparatus using the same.
  • the microorganisms adhere to the carrier to form a biofilm, so the physiological mechanism is different from that of the microorganism in the suspended state, resulting in an increase in growth rate, an increase in metabolic activity, and resistance to toxic substances. Processing efficiency is improved and stable operation management is easy.
  • the carrier should have a wide specific surface area and excellent porosity since microorganisms should adhere to the surface to form a microbial membrane well.
  • Carriers currently used in general such as crushed stone, fiber yarns, fluidized porous plastics, activated carbon, particulate ceramics, natural wood carriers, etc. have been commercialized and used.
  • the carrier When the carrier is classified according to physical properties, the carrier may be classified into a fixed bed carrier that is highly concentrated in water and a fluid bed carrier that is light and floats on the water surface. Fluidized bed carriers have excellent porosity and have a large specific surface area, which can maintain a high concentration of microorganisms per unit volume. On the other hand, they are suspended in water and collide with each other due to their low specific gravity. There are drawbacks to be constantly replenishing.
  • the stationary phase carrier is fixed in water to facilitate the formation of microbial membranes and can be used semi-permanently.However, due to the lack of pores for activation of high concentrations of microorganisms and the small specific surface area, the contact area for microorganisms to remove contaminants can be reduced. There is a disadvantage of low efficiency.
  • the government has also encouraged eco-friendly housing management by minimizing environmental degradation and preventing indiscriminate discharge of wastewater and drainage through green architecture certification or environmental certification system, but until now, there are no appropriate regulatory measures. It is due.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, to provide a microbial carrier for filthy water purification which can be manufactured at low cost and simple and can be supplied in a desired quantity at various locations.
  • Another object of the present invention is to solve this problem, the housing complex is concentrated in a beautiful area near the valley to minimize the contamination of the stream in the clear valley water or water protection area and can be combined with the surrounding landscape It is to provide a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus.
  • the carrier body made of a porous foam foamed so that microorganisms can inhabit; And a weight body that is inserted into a hole formed by cutting a portion of the carrier body into a hole.
  • the carrier body is made of a hexahedron
  • the hole may be formed as a through hole.
  • an enlarged diameter portion having an enlarged diameter is formed at the center of the through hole so that the weight body may be seated.
  • the inlet is provided with sewage, anaerobic tank to remove the organic matter while releasing phosphorus; Oxygen-free tank from which the sewage is introduced, denitrification is carried out, and organic matter is removed; Aeration tank into which the sewage passing through the anaerobic tank is introduced, and an aerobic microorganism for removing organic matter is provided, and the carrier is filled so that the aerobic microorganism is attached to form a biofilm; A sedimentation tank in which all the microorganisms are precipitated after the sewage is introduced from the aeration tank, and the purified purified water is discharged through the outlet; A mesh member installed to cover the upper surface of the anaerobic tank, the anaerobic tank, the aeration tank, and the settling tank in a state where they are all embedded; A crushed stone layer provided to form a layer on the mesh member; A soil layer provided on the crushed stone layer; And a plant layer planted above the soil
  • a lattice supporting plate installed below the mesh member so as to reinforce a bearing force against a load;
  • the lattice supporting plate, the mesh member, the crushed stone layer, and the soil layer is formed so that the upper portion is open and has a side in all directions, the lower plate is buried in a part open to support the lattice supporting plate Storage frame;
  • An outer frame installed at a side of the storage frame and bent at a 90 degree cross section so as to prevent the adjacent soil from collapsing when the storage frame is removed; And it is stored in the cut-out portion of the upper side of the storage frame, one end is rotatably installed to the cutting portion so as to easily lift the separation frame, the other end for inserting the lifting pipe for free end And a lifting lever provided with a through hole.
  • the anaerobic tank, anoxic tank, aeration tank, and settling tank may be partitioned by a plurality of partitions in one tank.
  • a nonwoven fabric may be inserted into the lower surface of the mesh member to prevent the crushed stone or the soil from falling down.
  • the plant layer may be one or more selected from the group consisting of four seasons grass, buttercups, leek, pussy willows, boulders, reeds, ropes, lunar grass, silver grass.
  • the soil layer may be used for the sewage purification carrier made of sandy loam.
  • a return line for returning a portion of the purified water discharged to the outlet to the anoxic tank may be provided.
  • the present invention can provide a fixed-phase carrier at a very low cost by applying a carrier having a weight inserted into the synthetic resin foam.
  • the present invention has the effect that can be used semi-permanently without consuming a large amount of energy source is provided as a small purification facility.
  • the present invention has the advantage that the grass planted on the topsoil can be combined with the surrounding landscape by forming a beautiful green space, and can also be used as a resting space for residents.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a carrier for purifying sewage according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a carrier for purifying sewage according to the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a cross-sectional view of the carrier for purification of sewage according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a front view of the carrier body which is a part of the carrier for sewage purification according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration and operation of the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a tank which is a part of the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of elements for constructing a plant layer provided on an upper part of a tank, which is a part of a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of elements for forming a plant layer provided on an upper part of a tank, which is a part of a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a receiving frame which is a part of the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pore-rich carriers provide the best environment for microorganisms to inhabit coliform bacteria and BOD by filamentous fungi and protozoa.
  • the grass on the ground can extend the roots to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus removal ability by more than 20%, and the soil contact surface can supply soil microorganisms to the treatment device to remove BOD and other harmful substances that may be introduced. .
  • the wastewater purification carrier 1 includes a carrier body 10 and a weight body 20.
  • the carrier body 10 is made of porous plastic foam is foamed so that microorganisms can inhabit.
  • the carrier body 10 is made of a hexahedron, and the hole 11 is formed as a through hole.
  • the carrier body 10 may be a synthetic resin foam of various three-dimensional shape in addition to the hexahedron.
  • the carrier body 10 may be foamed polyurethane, foamed polyvinyl alcohol, or the like. These synthetic resins can be used once they are foamed one or more times to create the appropriate voids. In addition, since the synthetic resin foam is excellent in elasticity, there is no difficulty in binding the weight body 20 by interference fit.
  • the weight body 20 is inserted into the through-hole 11 formed by cutting a part of the carrier body 10 by interference fit.
  • an enlarged diameter portion 11a having an enlarged diameter may be formed at the center of the through hole 11 to allow the weight body 20 to be seated. It is of course also possible for the through holes 1 to simply have the same diameter.
  • the weight 20 uses a stone which is almost inexpensive.
  • a weight made of a different material depending on the nature, such as the addition of functionality.
  • the carrier 1 may be formed of a carrier body 10 having a cube shape, and a stone 20 that is a weight body inserted into the through hole 11 of the carrier body 10.
  • the weight body 10 is inserted into the center of the through-hole 11 of the carrier body 10 by interference fit and shows a fixed state. Therefore, when supplied to the aeration tank in such a state, even if the aeration proceeds, the state constantly sinks to the bottom of the aeration tank at all times, so that microorganisms can easily inhabit.
  • the weight body 20 is fixed to the center of the carrier body 10.
  • the through-hole 11 is formed in the center of the carrier body 10. Since the carrier body 10 is a synthetic resin foam, it is elastic and inserts a stone, which is a weight body 20 which is slightly larger in diameter than the through hole 11, by inserting a stone.
  • the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus to be developed in the present invention as shown in the drawing as a high-treatment apparatus that can remove the pollutants in the waste water by using the purification action of soil microorganisms and plants to discharge the clear treated water.
  • Pollutants that are most problematic in domestic wastewater and drainage can be regarded as organic substances that can be a growth source for nutrients and toxic microorganisms such as nitrogen and phosphorus.
  • the basic process of this sewage treatment system is currently used in village sewage treatment. Bio-contact oxidation method using a carrier is applied to A 2 O process which is most used for material removal.
  • the A 2 O process is composed of anaerobic tank, anaerobic tank, aerobic tank, the size was 1: 1: 3 in consideration of the pollutant treatment efficiency of the microorganisms living in each tank.
  • anaerobic tanks phosphorus is released from the microorganisms when organic matter is ingested by the phosphorus-removing microorganisms. More than half of the organic matter is removed during the anaerobic and anaerobic tanks.
  • an anaerobic tank behind the anaerobic tank, it is possible to prevent the phosphate release of phosphorus-removing microorganisms due to nitrate nitrogen from the return.
  • the nitrogen nitrate returned from the settling tank by the denitrification microorganism is converted to N 2 (gas) using an electron acceptor to remove nitrogen (denitrification).
  • Organics are used as an energy source for denitrification, which can lead to effective organic matter removal.
  • the remaining organics are removed by aerobic microorganisms, with all the microorganisms being precipitated out in the sedimentation tank together with the phosphorus-removing microorganisms that overdose phosphorus. Also, by installing the second and third aeration tanks, it is possible to maintain higher nitrification.
  • the aeration tank is filled with a carrier (1) to prevent desorption of microorganisms and to maintain environmental conditions resistant to environmental factors.
  • a carrier (1) to prevent desorption of microorganisms and to maintain environmental conditions resistant to environmental factors.
  • the microorganisms are attached to the carrier (1) to form a biofilm, which increases the growth rate, increases metabolic activity, and resistance to toxic effects compared to the microorganisms in a dispersed state. It is strong.
  • a carrier rich in pores (1) is used, and tank 3 is filled with other carriers such as oyster shells which are effective for removing phosphorus.
  • the upper part of the treatment tank is covered with high-quality soil, and the grass is planted.
  • the coated soil continuously improves treatment efficiency and stabilizes treatment by continuously supplying soil microorganisms and soil animals, which are particularly effective in removing nutrients. have. Grasses planted in the topsoil will be lowered to the lower layer of the septic tank and grow between the carriers, improving the removal efficiency of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus by 20% or more.
  • the grass planted on the topsoil forms a beautiful green space, which can be combined with the surrounding landscape and can be used as a resting place for residents.
  • the village sewage treatment facility replaces the existing sewage treatment plant or a sewage treatment plant of a certain size, and is mainly installed in urban areas, rural areas, and mountainous areas where sewer pipes are difficult to install.
  • the contact oxidation method is about 45%
  • the activated sludge method is about 25%
  • the soil trench method is 16%
  • the anaerobic aerobic method is about 10%
  • other methods are about 4%.
  • Biocontact oxidation method using a carrier is a basic method to be used in the sewage treatment apparatus of the present invention can prevent the desorption of microorganisms to maintain a high concentration of microbial communities in the treatment tank to maximize the treatment efficiency in a small space.
  • the microorganisms are attached to the carrier to form a biofilm, the resistance to the influx of toxic substances is increased, and thus it is very resistant to rapid environmental changes, which is the most preferred method for small and medium-sized sewage treatment apparatus.
  • the soil layer is coated on the upper part of the treatment tank to continuously supply soil microorganisms to the treatment tank to increase treatment efficiency and stabilize the treatment.
  • Existing bio-contact devices mainly use wastewater microorganisms, but soil microorganisms have the advantages of faster growth rate and resistance to toxic substances than wastewater microorganisms, and removal of odors, pathogens and pests by soil coating. Excellent efficiency at
  • the grass planted on the topsoil forms a green space and can be combined with the surrounding landscape of the country house and can be used as a resting place for residents.
  • the sewage treatment apparatus is a device specialized for small-scale residential complexes, and requires little management, and has a high treatment efficiency, and is an advanced treatment apparatus capable of discharging clear treatment water in a short residence time. Possible packaged processing units.
  • the anaerobic tank 110, the anaerobic tank 120, the aeration tank 130, 140, 150, the precipitation tank 160, the mesh member 230, and the natural purification type sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a crushed stone layer 240, soil layer 250, plant layer 260.
  • the anaerobic tank 110, anoxic tank 120, aeration tank (130, 140, 150), and the settling tank 160 is partitioned by a plurality of partitions 104 in one tank 100, the open portion 103 on the top It is provided. Referring to FIG. 8, the tank 100 is shown. Since the jaws 110-160 are manufactured in one tank 100 through the partition wall 104, they are buried at a time in the basement, and the soil layer 250 is placed on the upper part. Can be.
  • the inlet 101 is provided with the inlet 101 is provided with sewage, organic matter is removed while releasing phosphorus.
  • anaerobic tank 120 sewage is introduced from the anaerobic tank 110, denitrification is performed, and organic matter is removed.
  • the aeration tanks 130, 140, and 150 are introduced with sewage through the anaerobic tank 120, provided with aerobic microorganisms for removing organic matter, and filled with a carrier so that the aerobic microorganisms are attached to form a biofilm.
  • the lower end of the air supply pipes (131, 141, 151) for aeration is installed is connected to the air pump.
  • the number of anaerobic tank 110, anoxic tank 120, and aeration tank (13-150) is set to 1: 1: 3.
  • the sedimentation tank 160 is the sewage from the aeration tank (130,150) and then all the microorganisms are settled, the purified water is discharged through the outlet (102).
  • the movement of the sewage between the tanks (110-160) can be applied to all methods, such as using the siphon 105 or overflow.
  • the mesh member 230 is installed to cover the anaerobic tank 110, an anaerobic tank 120, aeration tank 130-150, and the settling tank 160. As the mesh member 230, a wire mesh is applied here.
  • the crushed stone layer 240 is provided to form a layer on the mesh member 230.
  • the crushed stone constituting the crushed stone layer 240 is in the position without falling down by the mesh member 230.
  • the soil layer 250 is provided on the crushed stone layer 240, bar soil may be applied to the soil layer 250.
  • the plant layer 260 is planted above the soil layer 250 so that its roots pass through the mesh member 230 and extend down to the sewage of the jaws 110-160.
  • the nonwoven fabric 220 may be inserted into the lower surface of the mesh member 230 to prevent the crushed stone or the soil portion from falling. Since the mesh member 230 applies a member such as a wire mesh, in particular, in case of soil, the mesh member 230 falls down due to an external influence such as an external force to enter the tank 100, but the nonwoven fabric 220 prevents the fall. do.
  • an accommodating frame 270 and a grid support plate 210 are installed below the nonwoven fabric 220 so as to reinforce the supporting force of the load. Only the wire mesh of the nonwoven fabric 220 and the mesh member 110 lacks the ability to withstand the load of the crushed stone layer 240 and the soil layer 250 installed thereon, and in particular, a person or other vehicle may grow. It is desirable to install for this purpose.
  • the carrier 1 can be applied to the carrier 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention described above. That is, the carrier 1 in which the weight 20 is inserted into the synthetic resin foam can be used.
  • the carrier may be applied to one or more of crushed stone, particulate ceramics, wood chips, expanded polyurethane, expanded polyvinyl alcohol, suspended microbial film, oyster shell.
  • the first two aeration tanks (130, 140) of the three aeration tanks (130-150), aeration-rich crushed stone carriers are used in the aeration tank 150, the last aeration tank 150 is effective for removing phosphorus
  • the shell can be filled.
  • the crushed stone or oyster shell can be applied to the fixed-phase foamed resin carrier rich in voids.
  • Stationary phase carriers provide the best environment for microorganisms to eliminate E. coli and BOD by filamentous fungi and protozoa.
  • the grass on the ground can extend the roots to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus removal ability by more than 20%, and the soil contact surface can supply soil microorganisms to the treatment device to remove BOD and other harmful substances that may be introduced. .
  • the plant layer 260 may be planted by selecting one or more kinds of four seasons grass, buttercups, leek, pussy willows, boulders, reeds, ropes, moon root grass, silver grass.
  • the present invention will be applied to a house or for each housing complex, so it will be a lot of plants to plant the most preferable aesthetics.
  • a return line for returning a part of the purified water discharged to the outlet 102 to the anaerobic tank may be provided.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 there is shown a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the difference from the first embodiment of the present invention is that the storage frame 360 is added.
  • the storage frame 360 is a grid support plate 310, nonwoven fabric 320, wire mesh 330, crushed stone layer 340, which is installed on the opening 103 of the tank 100, the soil layer ( 350 is stored and supported, and grass 260 is planted at the top.
  • the receiving frame 360 is installed in the tank opening 103.
  • the accommodating frame 360 is formed to have an upper side open to accommodate the above-described components and a side surface 360b in all directions, and the lower plate 360a supports an edge of the lattice-shaped base plate 310. It is cut open, leaving only a portion to do so.
  • the lower plate (360a) of the storage frame 360 is installed on the horizontal belt (360c) at a predetermined interval to support the components that are received more stably.
  • the lattice-shaped support plate 310, the nonwoven fabric 320, the wire mesh 330, the crushed stone layer 340, and the soil layer 350 are sequentially stored in the storage frame 360, and finally, Grass 260 is planted in the soil layer 350.
  • the accommodation frame 360 may include a plurality.
  • three said storage frames 360 are provided in the tank opening part 103.
  • the storage frame 360 can be separated or assembled from the opening 103 of the tank one by one.
  • cleaning is performed, and when the storage frame 360 is returned to its original position, the storage frame 360 is returned to its original state. Therefore, all operations of cleaning, repairing, and carrier replacement can be made very smoothly.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
  • the storage frame of the second embodiment is partially changed, and an outer frame 470 is added to prevent the adjacent soil from collapsing.
  • an outer frame eg, an outer frame
  • the outer frame 470 may be composed of one, not three, the cross-section is bent to 90 degrees.
  • the storage frame includes a lower plate 460a, a side surface 460b, and may further include a cross bar 460c.
  • an incision 460d is formed at an upper end of the side frame 460a of the storage frame 460 to accommodate the lifting lever 461.
  • the lifting framing 460 is provided with a lifting lever 461 so that the storage frame 460 can be easily lifted up and separated.
  • two lifting levers 461 are provided on each side 460a so as to face each other, and are rotatably installed on the side 460a of the storage frame 460, and lifting at the free end. Through holes 461a for inserting rods, rods, pipes, and the like are provided.
  • the lifting lever 461 is vertically rotated, and then the rod is penetrated through the through hole 461a. Then, the opposite side is also worked in the same way. And ascend.
  • the storage frame 460 even when the storage frame 460 is inserted into its original position, it can be easily inserted using the rod and the lifting lever 461.
  • the storage frame 460 returns to its original position, and the lifting lever 461 also rotates to its original position.
  • the carrier according to the present invention may be used in various purification facilities, and the sewage treatment apparatus according to the present invention may be manufactured in a small size and used for home use.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed are a sewage-purifying carrier which can be fabricated at low cost and a sewage treatment device using an eco-friendly sewage-purifying carrier which has a small size and is buried under the ground to be semi-permanently usable. A carrier for sewage according to the present invention comprises: a carrier body made of a foamed and porous synthetic resin for allowing a microbe to live therein; and a weight body forcedly inserted into a hole formed by cutting a part of the carrier body.

Description

오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체 및 이를 이용한 하수처리장치Fixed bed carrier for waste water purification and sewage treatment apparatus using the same
본 발명은 저렴한 비용으로 제작이 가능한 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체와 소형으로 지하에 매설되어 반영구적으로 사용이 가능한 친환경적인 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체 및 이를 이용한 하수처리장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a stationary bed carrier for wastewater purification that can be manufactured at low cost, and an eco-friendly stationary bed carrier for wastewater purification that can be used semi-permanently by being buried underground in a small size and a sewage treatment apparatus using the same.
각종 폐수 또는 생활하수 등의 오폐수 정화 방법으로서 종래부터 미생물에 의해 처리하는 생물학적 처리 방법이 알려져 있다. 생물학적 처리 방법의 초기에는 부유성장식 미생물을 사용하는 활성 슬러지나 장기폭기법을 많이 사용하였으나 유입수의 부하면동이 큰 경우에 대처하기 어렵고 잉여 슬러지가 다량 발생하는 등 여러 가지 문제점으로 인하여 근래에는 미생물을 담체에 부착시켜 고농도의 미생물을 유지시키면서 오폐수를 처리하는 생물접촉방법을 많이 사용하고 있다. 담체를 이용한 생물접촉 공정에서는 미생물이 담체에 부착되어 생물막을 형성하므로 부유 상태의 미생물과는 종과 생리학적인 기작이 상이하여 생장률의 증가, 대사활동의 증가 및 독성물질에 대한 저항성이 증가하여 결과적으로 처리효율이 향상되고 안정적인 운전 관리가 용이해진다. BACKGROUND ART As a method for purifying wastewater such as various wastewater or domestic sewage, a biological treatment method which is conventionally treated with microorganisms is known. In the early stages of biological treatment methods, activated sludge or long-term aeration methods using suspended growth microorganisms were used a lot. However, due to various problems such as large sludge, it is difficult to cope with large loads of influent and large amounts of excess sludge are produced. Many biocontact methods have been used to treat waste water while maintaining high concentrations of microorganisms attached to a carrier. In the biocontact process using the carrier, the microorganisms adhere to the carrier to form a biofilm, so the physiological mechanism is different from that of the microorganism in the suspended state, resulting in an increase in growth rate, an increase in metabolic activity, and resistance to toxic substances. Processing efficiency is improved and stable operation management is easy.
담체는 미생물들이 표면에 부착하여 미생물막이 잘 형성되어야 하므로 비표면적이 넓고 다공성이 우수하여야 한다. 현재 일반적으로 이용하고 있는 담체로는 쇄석류, 섬유사류, 유동상 다공성플라스틱류, 활성탄류, 입자성 세락믹류, 천연목편담체류 등 많은 종류가 제품화 되어 사용되고 있다. The carrier should have a wide specific surface area and excellent porosity since microorganisms should adhere to the surface to form a microbial membrane well. Carriers currently used in general, such as crushed stone, fiber yarns, fluidized porous plastics, activated carbon, particulate ceramics, natural wood carriers, etc. have been commercialized and used.
이러한 담체를 물리적인 특성에 따라 분류하면 크게 비중이 높아 수중에 가라앉는 고정상 담체와 가벼워서 수면에서 부유하는 유동상 담체로 분류할 수 있다. 유동상 담체는 다공성이 우수하여 비표면적이 크므로 단위체적 당 미생물 농도를 높게 유지할 수 있는 장점이 있는 반면에, 비중이 낮아 수중에서 부유하며 서로 충돌하므로 견고한 미생물막 형성이 어려울 뿐만 아니라 쉽게 마모되어 지속적으로 보충해 주어야 되는 단점이 있다. 고정상 담체는 수중에 고정되어 미생물막 형성이 용이하고 반영구적으로 사용할 수 있으나, 고농도의 미생물들이 활성화 될 수 있는 기공이 부족하고 비표면적이 작아 미생물들이 오염물질들을 제거할 수 있는 접촉면적이 적으므로 처리효율이 떨어지는 단점이 있다.When the carrier is classified according to physical properties, the carrier may be classified into a fixed bed carrier that is highly concentrated in water and a fluid bed carrier that is light and floats on the water surface. Fluidized bed carriers have excellent porosity and have a large specific surface area, which can maintain a high concentration of microorganisms per unit volume. On the other hand, they are suspended in water and collide with each other due to their low specific gravity. There are drawbacks to be constantly replenishing. The stationary phase carrier is fixed in water to facilitate the formation of microbial membranes and can be used semi-permanently.However, due to the lack of pores for activation of high concentrations of microorganisms and the small specific surface area, the contact area for microorganisms to remove contaminants can be reduced. There is a disadvantage of low efficiency.
따라서 최근에는 기공이 풍부하고 비표면적이 넓은 유동상 담체를 고정상으로 제조하는 방법이 많이 시도되고 있다. 유동상 발포수지의 경우 담체를 담을 수 있는 사각틀 또는 원형틀을 만들어 고정상으로 사용하고 있으나 틀의 큰 부피에 의해 오수처리 효율을 높일만큼 충분한 양을 충진 시키기는 불가능 하며 틀의 제조가격이 높아 원가상승의 요인이 되고 있다. 섬유사를 이용한 생물 고정상 담체의 경우에는 충분한 미생물의 고정이 가능하고 오수 처리 후의 침전도 용이하게 수행할 수 있지만, 특수한 장치에 고정시켜야 하기 때문에 설치가 한정되고 게다가 설치 방법이 번잡할 뿐만 아니라 부식이 심하여 주기적으로 교체해야 하는 등의 문제가 있다.Therefore, in recent years, many methods for producing a fluidized bed carrier rich in pores and a large specific surface area as a fixed bed have been tried. In case of fluidized foamed resin, it is used as fixed bed by making square frame or round frame that can hold carrier, but it is impossible to fill enough amount to increase sewage treatment efficiency by large volume of frame. It becomes the factor of. In the case of the bio-fixed bed carrier using fiber yarns, sufficient microorganisms can be fixed and sedimentation after sewage treatment can be easily performed, but installation is limited because it must be fixed in a special apparatus, and the installation method is not only complicated, There are problems such as the need to replace periodically.
한편, 최근 들어 국민 소득 수준이 향상되고 삶의 질이 높아짐에 따라 맑은 공기와 좋은 경치를 즐길 수 있는 전원주택에 대한 수요가 급증하고 있다.On the other hand, in recent years, as the national income level is improved and the quality of life is increased, the demand for rural housing that can enjoy the fresh air and good scenery is increasing rapidly.
이에 따라 도심 인근의 계곡이나 하천 주변에 동호인 단지 등 소규모 주택단지 조성 사업이 증가하고 있으며 계곡 등지의 무분별한 개척으로 인한 환경오염이 심화되고 맑은 하천들에 대한 수질오염이 심각해지고 있는 실정이다.As a result, small-scale housing complex projects such as Dong-ho-in complex are located near valleys and streams near the city center, and environmental pollution is intensified due to reckless exploitation of valleys, and water pollution on clear streams is becoming serious.
전원주택 단지에 대한 무분별한 개발이 늘어나면서 환경 및 에너지 친화적인 에코 하우스 건축에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 특히 오, 배수에 의한 수질 오염이 심화 되면서 지역 주민들의 민원이 점차로 증가하자 각 지자체에서는 단지별로 오, 배수를 정화할 수 있는 처리장치에 대단히 관심을 보이고, 전원주택 개발 업자들도 지역 주민들의 불만을 해소하기 위해 단지 내 정화시설의 설치를 환영하고 있으므로 자연친화적이고 관리가 거의 필요 없는 오, 배수 처리장치를 개발할 필요가 있다.The reckless development of rural housing complexes is raising interest in the construction of eco-friendly and eco-friendly houses. In particular, as complaints from local residents gradually increased as water pollution caused by oh and drainage deepened, local governments showed great interest in the treatment equipment to purify oh and drainage by complexes. In order to solve this problem, we welcome the installation of purification facilities in the complex, so it is necessary to develop a wastewater treatment system that is environmentally friendly and requires little management.
정부에서도 그린건축 인증이나 환경 인증제도 등을 통하여 환경파괴를 최소화하고 오, 배수의 무분별한 방류를 막는 등 친환경적인 주택 관리를 유도하고 있으나 현재까지는 마땅한 규제 방안이 없는 실정이며, 향 후 법적인 규제를 강화할 예정으로 있다.The government has also encouraged eco-friendly housing management by minimizing environmental degradation and preventing indiscriminate discharge of wastewater and drainage through green architecture certification or environmental certification system, but until now, there are no appropriate regulatory measures. It is due.
그러나 현재에는 가정용의 친환경적인 오, 배수 처리 장치가 전무한 실정이고, 공장이나 지자체에서 사용하는 오폐수 처리장치를 가정용으로 적용하기에는 비용 측면이나 설치 후 운전 측면 등에서 적용이 어려운 문제점이 있었다.However, at present, there is no environment-friendly wastewater treatment device for home use, and there is a problem in that it is difficult to apply the wastewater treatment device used in factories or local governments for home use in terms of cost or post-installation operation.
본 발명의 목적은, 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 저렴한 비용과 간단하게 제작이 가능하고 다양한 위치에 원하는 수량만큼 공급할 수 있는 오수 정화용 미생물 담체를 제공하는 것이다.An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, to provide a microbial carrier for filthy water purification which can be manufactured at low cost and simple and can be supplied in a desired quantity at various locations.
본 발명의 다른 목적은, 다공성이 우수한 유동상 발포수지 담체에 구멍을 뚫은 후 담체가 물에 가라앉을 수 있도록 충분히 비중이 높은 중량체가 삽입된 담체로 제조하여 담체 표면에 생물막 형성을 용이하게 하고 미생물의 탈리를 방지함으로서 오염물질 처리효율을 향상시킬 수 있는 고정상 담체를 제공하는 것이다.It is another object of the present invention to prepare a porous membrane having a high specific gravity so as to allow the carrier to sink in water after punching the porous foamed resin carrier having excellent porosity to facilitate biofilm formation on the surface of the carrier and It is to provide a stationary phase carrier that can improve the treatment efficiency of pollutants by preventing the desorption.
본 발명의 다른 목적은, 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 계곡 인근의 경치가 수려한 지역에 주택단지가 집중됨으로 인해 맑은 계곡수나 상수보호구역 내의 하천이 오염되는 것을 최소화하고 주변 경관과 어우러질 수 있는 자연정화식 하수처리장치를 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to solve this problem, the housing complex is concentrated in a beautiful area near the valley to minimize the contamination of the stream in the clear valley water or water protection area and can be combined with the surrounding landscape It is to provide a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus.
본 발명의 또 다른 목적은, 기계적인 대용량 오수처리장치와 달리 소규모 주택단지에 특화된 패키지로 구성된 장치로서 단지 규모와 처리용량에 따라 융통성 있게 증감이 가능한 자연정화식 하수처리장치를 제공하는 것이다.It is still another object of the present invention to provide a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus which can be flexibly increased or decreased according to the size and treatment capacity as a device composed of a package specialized in a small residential complex, unlike a mechanical large-scale sewage treatment apparatus.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 구체적인 수단으로서 본 발명은, 미생물이 서식할 수 있도록 합성수지가 발포되어 다공성으로 이루어진 담체 몸체; 및 상기 담체 몸체에 일부가 절개되어 형성된 홀에 억지끼움식으로 삽입되는 중량체;를 포함할 수 있다.As a specific means for achieving the above object, the present invention, the carrier body made of a porous foam foamed so that microorganisms can inhabit; And a weight body that is inserted into a hole formed by cutting a portion of the carrier body into a hole.
바람직하게는, 상기 담체 몸체는 육면체로 이루어지고, 상기 홀은 관통 홀로 형성될 수 있다.Preferably, the carrier body is made of a hexahedron, the hole may be formed as a through hole.
바람직하게는, 상기 관통 홀의 중앙에는 직경이 확대된 확경부가 형성되어 상기 중량체가 안착될 수 있다.Preferably, an enlarged diameter portion having an enlarged diameter is formed at the center of the through hole so that the weight body may be seated.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 구체적인 수단으로서 본 발명은, 유입구가 구비되어 오수가 입수되고, 인을 방출하면서 유기물이 제거되는 혐기조; 상기 혐기조로부터 오수가 유입되고, 탈질반응이 이루어지고 및 유기물이 제거되는 무산소조; 상기 무산소조를 통과한 오수가 유입되고, 유기물 제거를 위한 호기성 미생물이 제공되며, 상기 호기성 미생물이 부착되어 생물막을 형성하도록 담체가 충진된 폭기조; 상기 폭기조로부터 오수가 유입된 다음 모든 미생물들이 침전되고, 정화된 정화수가 유출구를 통하여 배출되는 침전조; 상기 혐기조, 무산소조, 폭기조, 그리고 침전조가 모두 매립된 상태에서 상면을 덮도록 설치된 메쉬부재; 상기 메쉬부재 상부에 층을 이루도록 제공되는 쇄석층; 상기 쇄석층 상부에 제공되는 토양층; 및 상기 토양층 상부에 심어져 그 뿌리가 상기 메쉬부재 하부까지 연장되는 식물층; 상기 메쉬부재 하부에 하중에 대한 지지력을 보강할 수 있도록 설치된 격자형 받침판; 상기 격자형 받침판, 메쉬부재, 쇄석층, 그리고 토양층이 수납되도록 상부가 개방되고 사방으로 측면을 구비한 형태로 이루어지며, 하판은 상기 격자형 받침판을 지지할 수 있도록 일부가 개방된 상태에서 매립된 수납 프레임; 상기 수납 프레임의 제거 시, 인접하는 토양이 무너지는 것을 방지할 수 있도록 상기 수납 프레임 측면에 설치되고 단면이 90도로 절곡된 형태를 가지는 외측 프레임; 및 상기 수납 프레임의 측면 상단부의 절개부에 수납되고, 상기 수납 프레임을 용이하게 들어 분리할 수 있도록 일단이 상기 절개부에 회전할 수 있도록 설치되며, 타단인 자유단에는 리프팅용 파이프를 삽입하기 위한 관통홀이 구비된 리프팅용 레버;을 포함할 수 있다.As a specific means for achieving the above object, the present invention, the inlet is provided with sewage, anaerobic tank to remove the organic matter while releasing phosphorus; Oxygen-free tank from which the sewage is introduced, denitrification is carried out, and organic matter is removed; Aeration tank into which the sewage passing through the anaerobic tank is introduced, and an aerobic microorganism for removing organic matter is provided, and the carrier is filled so that the aerobic microorganism is attached to form a biofilm; A sedimentation tank in which all the microorganisms are precipitated after the sewage is introduced from the aeration tank, and the purified purified water is discharged through the outlet; A mesh member installed to cover the upper surface of the anaerobic tank, the anaerobic tank, the aeration tank, and the settling tank in a state where they are all embedded; A crushed stone layer provided to form a layer on the mesh member; A soil layer provided on the crushed stone layer; And a plant layer planted above the soil layer and whose roots extend to the bottom of the mesh member. A lattice supporting plate installed below the mesh member so as to reinforce a bearing force against a load; The lattice supporting plate, the mesh member, the crushed stone layer, and the soil layer is formed so that the upper portion is open and has a side in all directions, the lower plate is buried in a part open to support the lattice supporting plate Storage frame; An outer frame installed at a side of the storage frame and bent at a 90 degree cross section so as to prevent the adjacent soil from collapsing when the storage frame is removed; And it is stored in the cut-out portion of the upper side of the storage frame, one end is rotatably installed to the cutting portion so as to easily lift the separation frame, the other end for inserting the lifting pipe for free end And a lifting lever provided with a through hole.
바람직하게는, 상기 혐기조, 무산소조, 폭기조, 그리고 침전조는 하나의 탱크 내부에 복수개의 격벽에 의해 구획되어 이루어질 수 있다.Preferably, the anaerobic tank, anoxic tank, aeration tank, and settling tank may be partitioned by a plurality of partitions in one tank.
바람직하게는, 상기 메쉬부재의 하면에 쇄석 또는 토양 일부가 낙하되는 것이 방지되도록 부직포가 삽입될 수 있다.Preferably, a nonwoven fabric may be inserted into the lower surface of the mesh member to prevent the crushed stone or the soil from falling down.
바람직하게는, 상기 식물층은 사계절 잔디, 미나리, 부추, 갯버들, 부들, 갈대, 줄, 달뿌리풀, 물억새로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상일 수 있다.Preferably, the plant layer may be one or more selected from the group consisting of four seasons grass, buttercups, leek, pussy willows, boulders, reeds, ropes, lunar grass, silver grass.
바람직하게는, 상기 토양층은 사양토로 이루어진 오수 정화용 담체를 이용할 수 있다.Preferably, the soil layer may be used for the sewage purification carrier made of sandy loam.
바람직하게는, 상기 유출구로 배출되는 정화수의 일부를 상기 무산소조로 복귀시키는 리턴라인이 구비될 수 있다.Preferably, a return line for returning a portion of the purified water discharged to the outlet to the anoxic tank may be provided.
상기한 바와 같은 본 발명에 의하면 다음과 같은 효과가 있다.According to the present invention as described above has the following advantages.
(1) 본 발명은 합성수지 발포체 내부에 중량체를 삽입한 담체를 적용함으로써 아주 저렴한 가격의 고정상 담체를 제공할 수 있게 된다.(1) The present invention can provide a fixed-phase carrier at a very low cost by applying a carrier having a weight inserted into the synthetic resin foam.
(1) 본 발명은 소규모 정화시설로 구비되어 많은 에너지원을 소비하지 않으면서 반영구적으로 사용이 가능한 효과가 있다.(1) The present invention has the effect that can be used semi-permanently without consuming a large amount of energy source is provided as a small purification facility.
(2) 본 발명은 표토에 식재된 잔디가 아름다운 녹지 공간을 구성하여 주변 경관과 잘 어우러질 수 있으며, 입주민들의 휴식공간으로도 활용할 수 있는 이점이 있다.(2) The present invention has the advantage that the grass planted on the topsoil can be combined with the surrounding landscape by forming a beautiful green space, and can also be used as a resting space for residents.
도 1은 본 발명에 의한 오수 정화용 담체의 분해 사시도이다.1 is an exploded perspective view of a carrier for purifying sewage according to the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명에 의한 오수 정화용 담체의 투시도이다.2 is a perspective view of a carrier for purifying sewage according to the present invention.
도 3는 본 발명에 의한 오수 정화용 담체의 단면도이다.3 is a cross-sectional view of the carrier for purification of sewage according to the present invention.
도 4는 본 발명에 의한 오수 정화용 담체의 일부 구성요소인 담체 몸체의 정면도이다.Figure 4 is a front view of the carrier body which is a part of the carrier for sewage purification according to the present invention.
도 5는 본 발명에 의한 자연정화식 하수처리장치의 구성과 작동을 설명한 모식도이다.Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration and operation of the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
도 6은 본 발명의 제1실시예에 의한 자연정화식 하수처리장치의 단면도이다.6 is a cross-sectional view of the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
도 7은 본 발명의 제1실시예에 의한 자연정화식 하수처리장치의 부분 단면도이다.7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
도 8은 본 발명의 제1실시예에 의한 자연정화식 하수처리장치의 일부 구성요소인 탱크의 사시도이다.8 is a perspective view of a tank which is a part of the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
도 9는 본 발명의 제1실시예에 의한 자연정화식 하수처리장치의 일부 구성요소인 탱크 상부에 구비되는 식물층을 구성하기 위한 요소들의 분해 사시도이다.FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of elements for constructing a plant layer provided on an upper part of a tank, which is a part of a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
도 10은 본 발명의 제2실시예에 의한 자연정화식 하수처리장치의 일부 구성요소인 탱크 상부에 구비되는 식물층을 구성하기 위한 요소들의 분해 사시도이다.FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of elements for forming a plant layer provided on an upper part of a tank, which is a part of a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
도 11은 본 발명의 제2실시예에 의한 자연정화식 하수처리장치의 부분 단면도이다.11 is a partial cross-sectional view of a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
도 12는 본 발명의 제3실시예에 의한 자연정화식 하수처리장치의 부분 단면도이다.12 is a partial cross-sectional view of a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
도 13은 본 발명의 제3살시예에 의한 자연정화식 하수처리장치의 일부 구성요소인 수납 프레임의 사시도이다.13 is a perspective view of a receiving frame which is a part of the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
이하, 첨부한 도면을 참고로 하여 본 발명의 실시예에 대하여 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 용이하게 실시할 수 있도록 상세히 설명한다. 본 발명은 여러 가지 상이한 형태로 구현될 수 있으며 여기에서 설명하는 실시예에 한정되지 않는다. 도면에서 본 발명을 명확하게 설명하기 위해서 설명과 관계없는 부분은 생략하였으며, 명세서 전체를 통하여 동일 또는 유사한 구성요소에 대해서는 동일한 참조부호를 붙였다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. In the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted in order to clearly describe the present invention, and like reference numerals designate like elements throughout the specification.
본 명세서에서, "포함하다" 또는 "가지다" 등의 용어는 명세서상에 기재된 특징, 숫자, 단계, 동작, 구성 요소, 부품 또는 이들을 조합한 것이 존재함을 지정하려는 것이지, 하나 또는 그 이상의 다른 특징들이나 숫자, 단계, 동작, 구성 요소, 부분품 또는 이들을 조합한 것들의 존재 또는 부가 가능성을 미리 배제하지 않는 것으로 이해되어야 한다. 또한, 층, 막, 영역, 판 등의 부분이 다른 부분 "위에" 있다고 할 경우, 이는 다른 부분 "바로 위에" 있는 경우뿐만 아니라 그 중간에 또 다른 부분이 있는 경우도 포함한다. 반대로 층, 막, 영역, 판 등의 부분이 다른 부분 "아래에" 있다고 할 경우, 이는 다른 부분 "바로 아래에" 있는 경우뿐만 아니라 그 중간에 또 다른 부분이 있는 경우도 포함한다.In this specification, terms such as "comprise" or "have" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, action, component, part, or combination thereof described on the specification, and one or more other features. It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude the possibility of the presence or the addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. In addition, when a part such as a layer, film, region, plate, etc. is said to be "on" another part, this includes not only when the other part is "right on" but also another part in the middle. Conversely, when a part such as a layer, film, region, plate, etc. is "below" another part, this includes not only the other part "below" but also another part in the middle.
오수 등을 정화하는 기술에 있어서, 공극이 풍부한 담체는 미생물이 서식하기 가장 좋은 환경을 제공하여 그곳에서 서식하는 사상균과 원생동물들에 의해 대장균군과 BOD를 제거하게 된다. 또한 지표면의 잔디는 뿌리를 길게 내려 유입수 내의 질소와 인의 제거 능력을 20% 이상 향상시킬 수 있으며, 토양 접촉면에서는 토양미생물을 처리장치에 공급하여 BOD와 혹시 유입될 수도 있는 각종 유해물질을 제거하게 된다.In the technology of purifying sewage, the pore-rich carriers provide the best environment for microorganisms to inhabit coliform bacteria and BOD by filamentous fungi and protozoa. In addition, the grass on the ground can extend the roots to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus removal ability by more than 20%, and the soil contact surface can supply soil microorganisms to the treatment device to remove BOD and other harmful substances that may be introduced. .
본 발명에 의한 오수 정화용 담체(1)는, 도 1 내지 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이, 담체 몸체(10)와, 중량체(20)를 포함한다.The wastewater purification carrier 1 according to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, includes a carrier body 10 and a weight body 20.
상기 담체 몸체(10)는 미생물이 서식할 수 있도록 합성수지가 발포되어 다공성으로 이루어진다.The carrier body 10 is made of porous plastic foam is foamed so that microorganisms can inhabit.
이때, 상기 담체 몸체(10)는 육면체로 이루어지고, 상기 홀(11)은 관통 홀로 형성되어 있다. 물론 상기 담체 몸체(10)는 육면체 외에도 다양한 입체 형상의 합성수지 발포체가 사용되어질 수 있다.At this time, the carrier body 10 is made of a hexahedron, and the hole 11 is formed as a through hole. Of course, the carrier body 10 may be a synthetic resin foam of various three-dimensional shape in addition to the hexahedron.
이때, 상기 담체 몸체(10)로는 발포 폴리우레탄, 발포 폴리비닐알코올 등이 사용되어질 수 있다. 이러한 합성수지들을 일회 이상 발포하여 적당한 공극이 만들어지면 사용할 수 있게 된다. 또한 이러한 합성수지 발포체는 신축성이 뛰어나기 때문에 상기 중량체(20)를 억지끼움식으로 결합하는데 어려움이 없다.In this case, the carrier body 10 may be foamed polyurethane, foamed polyvinyl alcohol, or the like. These synthetic resins can be used once they are foamed one or more times to create the appropriate voids. In addition, since the synthetic resin foam is excellent in elasticity, there is no difficulty in binding the weight body 20 by interference fit.
상기 중량체(20)는 상기 담체 몸체(10)에 일부가 절개되어 형성된 관통 홀(11)에 억지끼움식으로 삽입된다.The weight body 20 is inserted into the through-hole 11 formed by cutting a part of the carrier body 10 by interference fit.
이때, 상기 관통 홀(11)의 중앙에는 직경이 확대된 확경부(11a)가 형성되어 상기 중량체(20)가 안착되도록 할 수도 있다. 물론 관통 홀(1)이 단순히 동일한 직경을 갖도록 할 수도 있다.In this case, an enlarged diameter portion 11a having an enlarged diameter may be formed at the center of the through hole 11 to allow the weight body 20 to be seated. It is of course also possible for the through holes 1 to simply have the same diameter.
상기 중량체(20)는 거의 비용이 소요되지 않는 돌을 사용하는 것이 바람직할 것이다. 물론 성격 및 기능 부가 등의 이유에 따라 다른 재질로 이루어진 중량체를 사용할 수도 있다.It is preferable that the weight 20 uses a stone which is almost inexpensive. Of course, it is also possible to use a weight made of a different material depending on the nature, such as the addition of functionality.
도 1을 참고하면, 상기 담체(1)는 정육면체 형태의 담체 몸체(10)와, 담체 몸체(10)의 관통 홀(11)에 삽입되는 중량체인 돌(20)로 이루어진 것을 알 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 1, the carrier 1 may be formed of a carrier body 10 having a cube shape, and a stone 20 that is a weight body inserted into the through hole 11 of the carrier body 10.
도 2를 참고하면, 상기 중량체(10)가 억지끼움식으로 담체 몸체(10)의 관통 홀(11) 중앙에 삽입되어 고정된 상태를 보여준다. 따라서 이러한 상태에서 폭기조 등에 공급되면 폭기가 진행되어도, 폭기조 하부에 차곡차곡 가라앉은 상태를 항상 유지하게 되어 미생물이 용이하게 서식할 수 있게 된다.Referring to FIG. 2, the weight body 10 is inserted into the center of the through-hole 11 of the carrier body 10 by interference fit and shows a fixed state. Therefore, when supplied to the aeration tank in such a state, even if the aeration proceeds, the state constantly sinks to the bottom of the aeration tank at all times, so that microorganisms can easily inhabit.
도 3을 참고하면, 담체 몸체(10) 중앙에 중량체(20)가 고정된 상태를 볼 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 3, the weight body 20 is fixed to the center of the carrier body 10.
도 4를 참고하면, 담체 몸체(10) 중앙에 관통 홀(11)을 형성한 것이 볼 수 있다. 담체 몸체(10)가 합성수지 발포체이기 때문에 신축성이 있어 관통 홀(11)보다 직경이 조금 큰 중량체(20)인 돌을 억지끼움식으로 삽입하게 된다.Referring to FIG. 4, it can be seen that the through-hole 11 is formed in the center of the carrier body 10. Since the carrier body 10 is a synthetic resin foam, it is elastic and inserts a stone, which is a weight body 20 which is slightly larger in diameter than the through hole 11, by inserting a stone.
한편, 본 발명에서 개발하려고 하는 자연정화식 하수처리장치는 토양 미생물과 식물의 정화작용을 이용하여 오폐수 내의 오염물질들을 제거하여 맑은 처리수를 배출시킬 수 있는 고도처리 장치로서 도면에 나타난 바와 같다.On the other hand, the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus to be developed in the present invention as shown in the drawing as a high-treatment apparatus that can remove the pollutants in the waste water by using the purification action of soil microorganisms and plants to discharge the clear treated water.
가정용 오, 배수에서 가장 문제가 되고 있는 오염물질들은 질소와 인 등 영양물질과 독성 미생물들의 성장원이 될 수 있는 유기물로 볼 수 있으며, 본 하수처리장치의 기본 공정은 현재 마을 하수처리에서 이러한 오염물질의 제거 목적으로 가장 많이 사용되고 있는 A2O 공정에 담체를 이용한 생물접촉산화공법을 적용한 것이다.Pollutants that are most problematic in domestic wastewater and drainage can be regarded as organic substances that can be a growth source for nutrients and toxic microorganisms such as nitrogen and phosphorus. The basic process of this sewage treatment system is currently used in village sewage treatment. Bio-contact oxidation method using a carrier is applied to A 2 O process which is most used for material removal.
상기 A2O 공정은 혐기조, 무산소조, 호기조로 이루어져 있으며, 각 조에서 생존하는 미생물들의 오염물질 처리효율을 고려하여 크기를 1:1:3으로 하였다. 혐기조에서는 인 제거 미생물에 의해 유기물을 섭취하는 과정에서 인이 미생물 밖으로 방출되며, 혐기조와 무산소조를 거치는 과정에서 유기물의 반 이상이 제거된다. 또한 무산소조를 혐기조 뒷부분에 배치함으로써 반송에서 오는 질산성 질소로 인한 인 제거 미생물의 인산방출을 방해하는 것을 막을 수 있다.The A 2 O process is composed of anaerobic tank, anaerobic tank, aerobic tank, the size was 1: 1: 3 in consideration of the pollutant treatment efficiency of the microorganisms living in each tank. In anaerobic tanks, phosphorus is released from the microorganisms when organic matter is ingested by the phosphorus-removing microorganisms. More than half of the organic matter is removed during the anaerobic and anaerobic tanks. In addition, by placing an anaerobic tank behind the anaerobic tank, it is possible to prevent the phosphate release of phosphorus-removing microorganisms due to nitrate nitrogen from the return.
무산소조에서는 탈질 미생물에 의해서 침전조에서 반송된 질산성 질소를 전자수용체로 이용하여 N2(gas)로 전환하여 질소제거(탈질)가 이루어진다. 유기물은 탈질을 위한 에너지원으로 사용되므로 효과적인 유기물 제거를 유도 할 수 있다. 뒤 이은 폭기조에서는 남아있는 유기물이 호기성 미생물에 의해 제거가 되며, 인을 과잉 섭취한 인 제거 미생물과 함께 모든 미생물들이 침전조에서 침전 제거된다. 또한 제 2, 3 폭기조를 설치함으로써 더 높은 질산화를 유지할 수 있게 한다.In the anoxic tank, the nitrogen nitrate returned from the settling tank by the denitrification microorganism is converted to N 2 (gas) using an electron acceptor to remove nitrogen (denitrification). Organics are used as an energy source for denitrification, which can lead to effective organic matter removal. In the subsequent aeration tank, the remaining organics are removed by aerobic microorganisms, with all the microorganisms being precipitated out in the sedimentation tank together with the phosphorus-removing microorganisms that overdose phosphorus. Also, by installing the second and third aeration tanks, it is possible to maintain higher nitrification.
폭기조에는 담체(1)를 충진하여 미생물의 탈리를 막고 환경 인자에 강한 환경조건을 유지한다. 담체(1)를 이용한 생물막 공정에서는 미생물이 담체(1)에 부착되어 생물막을 형성하므로 분산상태의 미생물에 비해 생장률의 증가, 대사활동의 증가 및 독성효과에 대한 저항성이 증가하게 되어 급격한 환경 변화에 강한 면모를 보이고 있다. 폭기 1, 2조에는 공극이 풍부한 담체(1)를 사용하고 3조에는 인 제거에 효과가 좋은 굴 껍질과 같은 다른 종류의 담체를 충진한다.The aeration tank is filled with a carrier (1) to prevent desorption of microorganisms and to maintain environmental conditions resistant to environmental factors. In the biofilm process using the carrier (1), the microorganisms are attached to the carrier (1) to form a biofilm, which increases the growth rate, increases metabolic activity, and resistance to toxic effects compared to the microorganisms in a dispersed state. It is strong. In the aeration tanks 1 and 2, a carrier rich in pores (1) is used, and tank 3 is filled with other carriers such as oyster shells which are effective for removing phosphorus.
처리조 상부에는 양질의 토양으로 피복시킨 후 잔디를 식재하며, 피복된 토양에서는 영양물질 제거에 특히 효과가 좋은 토양미생물과 토양동물을 처리조에 지속적으로 공급함으로써 처리효율을 높이고 처리에 안정을 기할 수 있다. 표토에 식재된 잔디는 뿌리가 정화조 하층까지 내려가 담체 사이에 자라게 되며, 질소, 인 등의 영양물질들에 대한 제거 효율을 20% 이상 향상 시킬 수 있다.The upper part of the treatment tank is covered with high-quality soil, and the grass is planted. The coated soil continuously improves treatment efficiency and stabilizes treatment by continuously supplying soil microorganisms and soil animals, which are particularly effective in removing nutrients. have. Grasses planted in the topsoil will be lowered to the lower layer of the septic tank and grow between the carriers, improving the removal efficiency of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus by 20% or more.
표토에 식재된 잔디는 아름다운 녹지 공간을 구성하여 주변 경관과 잘 어우러질 수 있으며, 입주민들의 휴식공간으로도 활용할 수 있다. The grass planted on the topsoil forms a beautiful green space, which can be combined with the surrounding landscape and can be used as a resting place for residents.
현재까지 소규모 전원주택 단지에 특화된 하수처리장치(10㎥/day 이하)는 상품화 된 것이 없으며, 기술의 차별성을 논하기 위해 비교적 규모가 큰 마을 하수처리장치(50㎥/day 이상)와 비교하고자 한다.To date, no sewage treatment system (10㎥ / day or less) specialized in small rural housing complexes has been commercialized, and we will compare it with a relatively large village sewage treatment system (50㎥ / day or more) to discuss the technical difference.
마을 하수처리 시설은 기존의 광역하수처리장이나 일정 규모이상의 하수처리장을 대체하여 하수도관의 설치가 어려운 도시 외각 지역이나 농어촌, 산간지역에 주로 설치하고 있다. 적용공법으로는 접촉산화법이 약 45%, 활성오니법 약 25%, 토양트렌치법 16%, 혐기호기법 약 10%, 그리고 기타공법이 약 4%로서 접촉산화법이 가장 많이 사용되고 있다.The village sewage treatment facility replaces the existing sewage treatment plant or a sewage treatment plant of a certain size, and is mainly installed in urban areas, rural areas, and mountainous areas where sewer pipes are difficult to install. As the applied method, the contact oxidation method is about 45%, the activated sludge method is about 25%, the soil trench method is 16%, the anaerobic aerobic method is about 10%, and other methods are about 4%.
담체를 이용한 생물접촉산화공법은 본 발명의 하수처리장치에서 사용하려고 하는 기본 공법으로서 미생물의 탈리를 막아 처리조 내에 고농도의 미생물 군락을 유지하여 작은 공간에서 처리효율을 극대화 시킬 수 있다. 또한 미생물이 담체에 부착되어 생물막을 형성하므로 독성물질의 유입에 대한 저항성이 증가하게 되어 급격한 환경 변화에 강한 면모를 보이고 있어서, 중소규모의 하수처리 장치에 가장 선호되는 공법이다.Biocontact oxidation method using a carrier is a basic method to be used in the sewage treatment apparatus of the present invention can prevent the desorption of microorganisms to maintain a high concentration of microbial communities in the treatment tank to maximize the treatment efficiency in a small space. In addition, since the microorganisms are attached to the carrier to form a biofilm, the resistance to the influx of toxic substances is increased, and thus it is very resistant to rapid environmental changes, which is the most preferred method for small and medium-sized sewage treatment apparatus.
본 발명에서 개발하려고 하는 자연정화식 하수처리장치와 기존의 생물접촉장치와의 차이점들은 다음과 같다.Differences between the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus and the existing biological contact apparatus to be developed in the present invention are as follows.
토양층을 처리조 상부에 피복시켜 계속적으로 토양미생물을 처리조에 공급함으로써 처리효율을 높이고 처리에 안정을 기할 수 있다. 기존의 생물접촉장치에서는 폐수미생물을 주로 이용하고 있으나, 토양미생물들은 폐수미생물에 비하여 성장속도가 매우 빠르며 독성물질에 대한 저항성이 강한 장점이 있고, 토양피복으로 악취제거와 병원균, 해충류 등의 제거에 효율이 탁월하다.The soil layer is coated on the upper part of the treatment tank to continuously supply soil microorganisms to the treatment tank to increase treatment efficiency and stabilize the treatment. Existing bio-contact devices mainly use wastewater microorganisms, but soil microorganisms have the advantages of faster growth rate and resistance to toxic substances than wastewater microorganisms, and removal of odors, pathogens and pests by soil coating. Excellent efficiency at
또한 식재된 식물의 증발산과 뿌리의 정화작용을 이용하여 오수 내의 오염물질들을 효율적으로 제거하여 맑은 처리수를 배출시킬 수 있는 고도처리 장치이다.In addition, it is an advanced treatment device that can remove the pollutants in the sewage efficiently by using the evaporation of the plant and the purification of the roots to discharge the clear treated water.
표토에 식재된 잔디는 녹지 공간을 구성하여 전원주택의 주변 경관과 잘 어우러질 수 있으며, 입주민들의 휴식공간으로도 활용할 수 있다.The grass planted on the topsoil forms a green space and can be combined with the surrounding landscape of the country house and can be used as a resting place for residents.
기존의 대용량 하수처리장치는 기계장치가 복잡하여 관리가 용이하지 않고 처리 효율이 높지 못하다. 그러나 본 발명에 의한 하수처리장치는 소규모 주택단지에 특화된 장치로서 거의 관리가 필요 없으며, 처리 효율이 높아서 짧은 체류시간에 맑은 처리수를 배출시킬 수 있는 고도처리 장치이며 처리용량에 따라 융통성 있게 증감이 가능한 패키지화된 처리장치 이다. Existing large-capacity sewage treatment devices are not easy to manage and have high treatment efficiency due to complex mechanical devices. However, the sewage treatment apparatus according to the present invention is a device specialized for small-scale residential complexes, and requires little management, and has a high treatment efficiency, and is an advanced treatment apparatus capable of discharging clear treatment water in a short residence time. Possible packaged processing units.
이하에서는 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 자연정화식 하수처리장치를 보다 상세히 설명하도록 한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings will be described in more detail the natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명의 제1실시예에 따른 자연정화식 하수처리장치는 도 5 내지 도 9를 참고하면, 혐기조(110), 무산소조(120), 폭기조(130,140,150), 침전조(160), 메쉬부재(230), 쇄석층(240), 토양층(250), 식물층(260)을 포함한다.5 to 9, the anaerobic tank 110, the anaerobic tank 120, the aeration tank 130, 140, 150, the precipitation tank 160, the mesh member 230, and the natural purification type sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It includes a crushed stone layer 240, soil layer 250, plant layer 260.
상기 혐기조(110), 무산소조(120), 폭기조(130,140,150), 그리고 침전조(160)는 하나의 탱크(100) 내부에 복수개의 격벽(104)에 의해 구획되어 이루어지고 상부에 개방부(103)가 구비된다. 도 8을 참고하면, 상기 탱크(100)가 도시되어 있다. 상기 조들(110-160)을 하나의 탱크(100)에 격벽(104)을 매개로 제작한 다음 이를 지하에 한 번에 매설하고 상부에 토양층(250)을 올리게 되기 때문에 설치가 신속하고 용이하게 이루어질 수 있다.The anaerobic tank 110, anoxic tank 120, aeration tank (130, 140, 150), and the settling tank 160 is partitioned by a plurality of partitions 104 in one tank 100, the open portion 103 on the top It is provided. Referring to FIG. 8, the tank 100 is shown. Since the jaws 110-160 are manufactured in one tank 100 through the partition wall 104, they are buried at a time in the basement, and the soil layer 250 is placed on the upper part. Can be.
상기 혐기조(110)는, 도 5, 6, 10을 참고하면, 유입구(101)가 구비되어 오수가 입수되고, 인을 방출하면서 유기물이 제거된다.5, 6, and 10, the inlet 101 is provided with the inlet 101 is provided with sewage, organic matter is removed while releasing phosphorus.
상기 무산소조(120)는 상기 혐기조(110)로부터 오수가 유입되고, 탈질반응이 이루어지고 및 유기물이 제거된다.In the anaerobic tank 120, sewage is introduced from the anaerobic tank 110, denitrification is performed, and organic matter is removed.
상기 폭기조(130,140,150)는 상기 무산소조(120)를 통과한 오수가 유입되고, 유기물 제거를 위한 호기성 미생물이 제공되며, 상기 호기성 미생물이 부착되어 생물막을 형성하도록 담체가 충진된다. 또한 하단부에는 폭기를 위한 에어 공급 파이프((131,141,151))가 에어펌프에 연결되어 설치된다.The aeration tanks 130, 140, and 150 are introduced with sewage through the anaerobic tank 120, provided with aerobic microorganisms for removing organic matter, and filled with a carrier so that the aerobic microorganisms are attached to form a biofilm. In addition, the lower end of the air supply pipes (131, 141, 151) for aeration is installed is connected to the air pump.
이때, 하나의 조를 구성하는 부피가 거의 동일하다고 가정하면, 상기 혐기조(110), 무산소조(120), 그리고 폭기조(13-150)의 개수는 1 : 1 : 3으로 설치한다.At this time, if it is assumed that the volume constituting one tank is almost the same, the number of anaerobic tank 110, anoxic tank 120, and aeration tank (13-150) is set to 1: 1: 3.
상기 침전조(160)는 상기 폭기조(130,150)로부터 오수가 유입된 다음 모든 미생물들이 침전되고, 정화된 정화수가 유출구(102)를 통하여 배출된다.The sedimentation tank 160 is the sewage from the aeration tank (130,150) and then all the microorganisms are settled, the purified water is discharged through the outlet (102).
여기서, 각 조들(110-160) 사이의 오수의 이동은 사이펀(105)을 이용하거나 월류되는 방식 등의 모든 방법을 적용할 수 있다. Here, the movement of the sewage between the tanks (110-160) can be applied to all methods, such as using the siphon 105 or overflow.
상기 메쉬부재(230)는 상기 혐기조(110), 무산소조(120), 폭기조(130-150), 그리고 침전조(160) 상면을 덮도록 설치된다. 상기 메쉬부재(230)로는 여기서는 철망을 적용한다.The mesh member 230 is installed to cover the anaerobic tank 110, an anaerobic tank 120, aeration tank 130-150, and the settling tank 160. As the mesh member 230, a wire mesh is applied here.
상기 쇄석층(240)은 상기 메쉬부재(230) 상부에 층을 이루도록 제공된다. 상기 쇄석층(240)을 구성하는 쇄석들은 상기 메쉬부재(230)에 의해 하부로 낙하되지 않고 그 위치에 있게 된다.The crushed stone layer 240 is provided to form a layer on the mesh member 230. The crushed stone constituting the crushed stone layer 240 is in the position without falling down by the mesh member 230.
상기 토양층(250)은 상기 쇄석층(240) 상부에 제공되는 바, 상기 토양층(250)으로는 사양토를 적용할 수도 있다.The soil layer 250 is provided on the crushed stone layer 240, bar soil may be applied to the soil layer 250.
상기 식물층(260)은 상기 토양층(250) 상부에 심어져 그 뿌리가 상기 메쉬부재(230)를 통과하여 상기 조들(110-160)의 오수까지 하부까지 연장된다.The plant layer 260 is planted above the soil layer 250 so that its roots pass through the mesh member 230 and extend down to the sewage of the jaws 110-160.
이때, 상기 메쉬부재(230)의 하면에 쇄석 또는 토양 일부가 낙하되는 것이 방지되도록 부직포(220)가 삽입될 수 있다. 상기 메쉬부재(230)가 철망과 같은 부재를 적용하기 때문에 특히 토양의 경우에는 외력 등의 외부 영향에 의해 낙하하여 탱크(100) 내부로 들어가 가게 되나, 상기 부직포(220)가 이러한 낙하를 방지하게 된다.In this case, the nonwoven fabric 220 may be inserted into the lower surface of the mesh member 230 to prevent the crushed stone or the soil portion from falling. Since the mesh member 230 applies a member such as a wire mesh, in particular, in case of soil, the mesh member 230 falls down due to an external influence such as an external force to enter the tank 100, but the nonwoven fabric 220 prevents the fall. do.
또한, 상기 부직포(220) 하부에 하중의 지지력을 보강할 수 있도록 수납 프레임(270)과 격자형 받침판(210)이 설치된다. 상기 부직포(220)와 상기 메쉬부재(110)인 철망만으로는 그 상부에 설치되는 쇄석층(240)과 토양층(250)의 하중을 견디는 것이 부족하고, 특히 사람이나 기타 차량 등이 자날 수도 있기 때문에 안전을 위하여 설치하는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, an accommodating frame 270 and a grid support plate 210 are installed below the nonwoven fabric 220 so as to reinforce the supporting force of the load. Only the wire mesh of the nonwoven fabric 220 and the mesh member 110 lacks the ability to withstand the load of the crushed stone layer 240 and the soil layer 250 installed thereon, and in particular, a person or other vehicle may grow. It is desirable to install for this purpose.
기본적으로, 담체(1)는 전술한 본 발명의 실시예에 의한 담체(1)를 적용할 수 있다. 즉 합성수지 발포체 내부에 중량체(20)를 삽입한 담체(1)를 사용할 수 있다.Basically, the carrier 1 can be applied to the carrier 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention described above. That is, the carrier 1 in which the weight 20 is inserted into the synthetic resin foam can be used.
이때, 상기 담체는, 쇄석, 입자성 세라믹, 목편, 발포 폴리우레탄, 발포 폴리비닐알코올, 현수미생물막, 굴 껍질 중에 하나 또는 그 이상을 적용할 수 있다.In this case, the carrier may be applied to one or more of crushed stone, particulate ceramics, wood chips, expanded polyurethane, expanded polyvinyl alcohol, suspended microbial film, oyster shell.
한편, 예를 들면, 3개의 폭기조(130-150) 중에 앞선 2개의 폭기조(130,140)인 폭기 1, 2조에는 공극이 풍부한 쇄석 담체를 사용하고 마지막 폭기조(150)에는 인 제거에 효과가 좋은 굴 껍질을 충진할 수 있다. 물론 쇄석이나 굴 껍질 외에도 공극이 풍부한 고정상 발포수지 담체를 적용할 수 있음은 물론이다. 고정상 담체는 미생물이 서식하기 가장 좋은 환경을 제공하여 그곳에서 서식하는 사상균과 원생동물들에 의해 대장균군과 BOD를 제거하게 된다. 또한 지표면의 잔디는 뿌리를 길게 내려 유입수 내의 질소와 인의 제거 능력을 20% 이상 향상시킬 수 있으며, 토양 접촉면에서는 토양미생물을 처리장치에 공급하여 BOD와 혹시 유입될 수도 있는 각종 유해물질을 제거하게 된다.On the other hand, for example, the first two aeration tanks (130, 140) of the three aeration tanks (130-150), aeration-rich crushed stone carriers are used in the aeration tank 150, the last aeration tank 150 is effective for removing phosphorus The shell can be filled. Of course, in addition to the crushed stone or oyster shell can be applied to the fixed-phase foamed resin carrier rich in voids. Stationary phase carriers provide the best environment for microorganisms to eliminate E. coli and BOD by filamentous fungi and protozoa. In addition, the grass on the ground can extend the roots to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus removal ability by more than 20%, and the soil contact surface can supply soil microorganisms to the treatment device to remove BOD and other harmful substances that may be introduced. .
또, 상기 식물층(260)은 사계절 잔디, 미나리, 부추, 갯버들, 부들, 갈대, 줄, 달뿌리풀, 물억새 중에 하나 이상의 종류를 선택하여 식재할 수 있다. 본 발명은 가정용으로 적용하거나 주택 단지 별로 적용하게 되기 때문에 미관상 가장 선호되는 잔디를 식재하는 경우가 많을 것이다.In addition, the plant layer 260 may be planted by selecting one or more kinds of four seasons grass, buttercups, leek, pussy willows, boulders, reeds, ropes, moon root grass, silver grass. The present invention will be applied to a house or for each housing complex, so it will be a lot of plants to plant the most preferable aesthetics.
한편, 도 5를 참고하면, 상기 유출구(102)로 배출되는 정화수의 일부를 상기 무산소조로 복귀시키는 리턴라인이 구비될 수 있다.Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 5, a return line for returning a part of the purified water discharged to the outlet 102 to the anaerobic tank may be provided.
한편, 도 10과 도 11을 참고하면, 본 발명의 제2실시예에 의한 자연정화식 하수처리장치가 도시되어 있다.Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, there is shown a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명의 제1실시예와 다른 점은 수납 프레임(360)이 추가된 점에서 차이점이 있다. 상기 수납 프레임(360)은 탱크(100)의 개방부(103) 상부에 설치되는 구성요소들인, 격자형 받침판(310), 부직포(320), 철망(330), 쇄석층(340), 토양층(350)이 수납되어 지지되고, 최상부에는 잔디(260)가 심어져 있다.The difference from the first embodiment of the present invention is that the storage frame 360 is added. The storage frame 360 is a grid support plate 310, nonwoven fabric 320, wire mesh 330, crushed stone layer 340, which is installed on the opening 103 of the tank 100, the soil layer ( 350 is stored and supported, and grass 260 is planted at the top.
이때, 상기 수납 프레임(360)은 상기 탱크 개방부(103)에 설치된다.At this time, the receiving frame 360 is installed in the tank opening 103.
상기 수납 프레임(360)은 상술한 구성요소들을 수납할 수 있도록 상부가 개방되고 사방으로 측면(360b)을 구비한 형태로 이루어지며, 하판(360a)은 상기 격자형 받침판(310)의 테두리를 지지할 수 있도록 일부만 남기고 절개되어 개방된 형태를 가진다.The accommodating frame 360 is formed to have an upper side open to accommodate the above-described components and a side surface 360b in all directions, and the lower plate 360a supports an edge of the lattice-shaped base plate 310. It is cut open, leaving only a portion to do so.
이때, 상기 수납 프레임(360)의 하판(360a)에는 일정간격으로 가로대(360c)가 설치되어 수납되는 구성요소들을 더욱 안정적으로 지지하게 된다.At this time, the lower plate (360a) of the storage frame 360 is installed on the horizontal belt (360c) at a predetermined interval to support the components that are received more stably.
이때, 상기 수납 프레임(360)에는 전술한 바와 같이, 격자형 받침판(310), 부직포(320), 철망(330), 쇄석층(340), 그리고 토양층(350)이 차례대로 수납되고, 최종적으로 상기 토양층(350)에는 잔디(260)가 심어져 있다.In this case, as described above, the lattice-shaped support plate 310, the nonwoven fabric 320, the wire mesh 330, the crushed stone layer 340, and the soil layer 350 are sequentially stored in the storage frame 360, and finally, Grass 260 is planted in the soil layer 350.
이때, 상기 수납 프레임(360)은, 도 10을 참고하면, 복수개로 이루어진다. 여기서는 상기 탱크 개방부(103)에 3개의 상기 수납 프레임(360)이 설치되어 있다.In this case, referring to FIG. 10, the accommodation frame 360 may include a plurality. Here, three said storage frames 360 are provided in the tank opening part 103.
따라서 상기 수납 프레임(360)을 하나씩 상기 탱크의 개방부(103)로부터 분리하거나 조립할 수 있게 된다. 상기 수납 프레임(360)을 상기 개방부(103)로부터 분리한 다음 청소 등을 진행하고, 상기 수납 프레임(360)을 다시 제위치로 복귀시키면 원래 상태로 돌아오게 된다. 따라서 청소, 수리, 담체 교환 동의 모든 작업이 매우 원활하게 이루어질 수 있게 된다.Therefore, the storage frame 360 can be separated or assembled from the opening 103 of the tank one by one. When the storage frame 360 is separated from the opening 103, cleaning is performed, and when the storage frame 360 is returned to its original position, the storage frame 360 is returned to its original state. Therefore, all operations of cleaning, repairing, and carrier replacement can be made very smoothly.
한편, 도 12와 도 13을 참고하면, 본 발명의 제3실시예에 의한 자연정화식 하수처리방치가 도시되어 있다.Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 12 and 13, a natural purification sewage treatment apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
제3실시예에서는 제2실시예의 수납 프레임을 일부 변경하고, 인접하는 토양이 무너지는 것을 방지하기 위한 외측 프레임(470)을 추가한다.In the third embodiment, the storage frame of the second embodiment is partially changed, and an outer frame 470 is added to prevent the adjacent soil from collapsing.
도 12를 참고하면, 상기 수납 프레임(460)의 양 측면에는 상기 수납 프레임(460)을 분리했을 때, 그 인접하는 토양이 무너져 상기 탱크(100) 내부로 투입되는 것을 방지할 수 있도록 외측 프레임(470)을 장착하게 된다. 외측 프레임(470)은 세 개가 아니라 하나로 구성할 수 있고, 단면은 90도로 절곡된 형태를 가진다.Referring to FIG. 12, when the storage frame 460 is separated from both side surfaces of the storage frame 460, an outer frame (eg, an outer frame) may be prevented from collapsing adjacent soil and being introduced into the tank 100. 470). The outer frame 470 may be composed of one, not three, the cross-section is bent to 90 degrees.
상기 수납 프레임은 제2실시예와 마찬가지로, 하판(460a), 측면(460b)으로 이루어지고, 가로대(460c)를 더 포함할 수도 있다. 또한 상기 수납 프레임(460)의 측면(460a) 상단부에는 절개부(460d)를 형성하여 리프팅용 레버(461)를 수납할 수 있도록 되어 있다.As in the second embodiment, the storage frame includes a lower plate 460a, a side surface 460b, and may further include a cross bar 460c. In addition, an incision 460d is formed at an upper end of the side frame 460a of the storage frame 460 to accommodate the lifting lever 461.
이때, 도 12를 참고하면, 상기 수납 프레임(460)을 분리하면 그 양측의 인접하는 토양은 상기 외측 프레임(470)에 의해 지지되기 때문에 무너져 내리지 않게 된다.12, when the storage frame 460 is separated, adjacent soils on both sides of the storage frame 460 are supported by the outer frame 470 so as not to collapse.
도 13을 참고하면, 상기 수납 프레밍(460)에는 수납 프레임(460)을 용이하게 위로 들어 분리할 수 있도록 리프팅용 레버(461)가 설치되어 있다.Referring to FIG. 13, the lifting framing 460 is provided with a lifting lever 461 so that the storage frame 460 can be easily lifted up and separated.
이때, 상기 리프팅용 레버(461)는 각 측면(460a)에 서로 마주보도록 두 개씩 설치되어 있고, 상기 수납 프레임(460)의 측면(460a)에 회전할 수 있도록 설치되어 있고, 자유단에는 들어올리기 위한 로드, 봉, 파이프 등을 삽입하기 위한 관통홀(461a)이 구비되어 있다.At this time, two lifting levers 461 are provided on each side 460a so as to face each other, and are rotatably installed on the side 460a of the storage frame 460, and lifting at the free end. Through holes 461a for inserting rods, rods, pipes, and the like are provided.
따라서 상기 리프팅용 레버(461)는 수직으로 회전시켜 세우고, 그 다음에 로드를 상기 관통홀(461a)을 관통하도록 한 다음 반대 측면도 동일하게 작업하고 로드를 들어 올리면 상기 수납 프레임(460) 전체가 분리되어 상승하게 된다.Accordingly, the lifting lever 461 is vertically rotated, and then the rod is penetrated through the through hole 461a. Then, the opposite side is also worked in the same way. And ascend.
반대로, 상기 수납 프레임(460)을 원위치로 삽입할 때에도 로드와 리프팅용 레버(461)를 이용하여 용이하게 삽입할 수 있게 된다. 상기 수납 프레임(460)이 원위치로 복귀하여 상기 리프팅용 레버(461)도 원위치로 회전시켜 복귀시킨다.On the contrary, even when the storage frame 460 is inserted into its original position, it can be easily inserted using the rod and the lifting lever 461. The storage frame 460 returns to its original position, and the lifting lever 461 also rotates to its original position.
이상에서 본 발명의 일 실시예에 대하여 설명하였으나, 본 발명의 사상은 본 명세서에 제시되는 실시 예에 제한되지 아니하며, 본 발명의 사상을 이해하는 당업자는 동일한 사상의 범위 내에서, 구성요소의 부가, 변경, 삭제, 추가 등에 의해서 다른 실시 예를 용이하게 제안할 수 있을 것이나, 이 또한 본 발명의 사상범위 내에 든다고 할 것이다.Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the spirit of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein, and those skilled in the art who understand the spirit of the present invention, within the scope of the same idea, the addition of components Other embodiments may be easily proposed by changing, deleting, adding, and the like, but this will also fall within the spirit of the present invention.
본 발명에 의한 담체는 다양한 정화시설에 사용이 될 수 있을 것이고, 본 발명에 의한 하수처리장치는 소형으로 제작하여 가정용으로 적용이 가능할 것이다.The carrier according to the present invention may be used in various purification facilities, and the sewage treatment apparatus according to the present invention may be manufactured in a small size and used for home use.

Claims (11)

  1. 미생물이 서식할 수 있도록 합성수지가 발포되어 다공성으로 이루어진 담체 몸체;A carrier body made of porous plastic foam so that microorganisms can inhabit;
    상기 담체 몸체에 일부가 절개되어 형성된 홀에 억지끼움식으로 삽입되는 중량체;A weight body inserted into a hole formed by cutting a portion of the carrier body into a hole type;
    를 포함하는 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체.Fixed phase carrier for waste water purification comprising a.
  2. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 담체 몸체는 육면체로 이루어지고, 상기 홀은 관통 홀로 형성된 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체.The carrier body is made of a hexahedron, the hole is a fixed phase carrier for waste water purification formed of through holes.
  3. 제2항에 있어서,The method of claim 2,
    상기 관통 홀의 중앙에는 직경이 확대된 확경부가 형성되어 상기 중량체가 안착되는 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체.An enlarged diameter part having an enlarged diameter is formed at the center of the through hole, and the fixed water carrier for purification of waste water on which the weight body is seated.
  4. 유입구가 구비되어 오수가 입수되고, 인을 방출하면서 유기물이 제거되는 혐기조;An anaerobic tank provided with an inlet to obtain sewage and removing organic substances while releasing phosphorus;
    상기 혐기조로부터 오수가 유입되고, 탈질반응이 이루어지고 및 유기물이 제거되는 무산소조;Oxygen-free tank from which the sewage is introduced, denitrification is carried out, and organic matter is removed;
    상기 무산소조를 통과한 오수가 유입되고, 유기물 제거를 위한 호기성 미생물이 제공되며, 상기 호기성 미생물이 부착되어 생물막을 형성하도록 담체가 충진된 폭기조;Aeration tank into which the sewage passing through the anaerobic tank is introduced, and an aerobic microorganism for removing organic matter is provided, and the carrier is filled so that the aerobic microorganism is attached to form a biofilm;
    상기 폭기조로부터 오수가 유입된 다음 모든 미생물들이 침전되고, 정화된 정화수가 유출구를 통하여 배출되는 침전조;A sedimentation tank in which all the microorganisms are precipitated after the sewage is introduced from the aeration tank, and the purified purified water is discharged through the outlet;
    상기 혐기조, 무산소조, 폭기조, 그리고 침전조가 모두 매립된 상태에서 상면을 덮도록 설치된 메쉬부재;A mesh member installed to cover the upper surface of the anaerobic tank, the anaerobic tank, the aeration tank, and the settling tank in a state where they are all embedded;
    상기 메쉬부재 상부에 층을 이루도록 제공되는 쇄석층;A crushed stone layer provided to form a layer on the mesh member;
    상기 쇄석층 상부에 제공되는 토양층; 및A soil layer provided on the crushed stone layer; And
    상기 토양층 상부에 심어져 그 뿌리가 상기 메쉬부재 하부까지 연장되는 식물층;A plant layer which is planted on the soil layer and whose roots extend to the bottom of the mesh member;
    상기 메쉬부재 하부에 하중에 대한 지지력을 보강할 수 있도록 설치된 격자형 받침판;A lattice supporting plate installed below the mesh member so as to reinforce a bearing force against a load;
    상기 격자형 받침판, 메쉬부재, 쇄석층, 그리고 토양층이 수납되도록 상부가 개방되고 사방으로 측면을 구비한 형태로 이루어지며, 하판은 상기 격자형 받침판을 지지할 수 있도록 일부가 개방된 상태에서 매립된 수납 프레임;The lattice supporting plate, the mesh member, the crushed stone layer, and the soil layer is formed so that the upper portion is open and has a side in all directions, the lower plate is buried in a part open to support the lattice supporting plate Storage frame;
    상기 수납 프레임의 제거 시, 인접하는 토양이 무너지는 것을 방지할 수 있도록 상기 수납 프레임 측면에 설치되고 단면이 90도로 절곡된 형태를 가지는 외측 프레임; 및An outer frame installed at a side of the storage frame and bent at a 90 degree cross section so as to prevent the adjacent soil from collapsing when the storage frame is removed; And
    상기 수납 프레임의 측면 상단부의 절개부에 수납되고, 상기 수납 프레임을 용이하게 들어 분리할 수 있도록 일단이 상기 절개부에 회전할 수 있도록 설치되며, 타단인 자유단에는 리프팅용 파이프를 삽입하기 위한 관통홀이 구비된 리프팅용 레버;It is stored in the cut-out portion of the upper side of the storage frame, one end is rotatably installed so that the storage frame can be easily lifted and separated, the other end of the free end is penetrated for inserting the lifting pipe A lifting lever having a hole;
    을 포함하는 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체를 이용한 하수처리장치.Sewage treatment apparatus using a fixed bed carrier for waste water purification comprising a.
  5. 제4항에 있어서,The method of claim 4, wherein
    상기 혐기조, 무산소조, 폭기조, 그리고 침전조는 하나의 탱크 내부에 복수개의 격벽에 의해 구획되어 이루어진 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체를 이용한 하수처리장치.The anaerobic tank, anoxic tank, aeration tank, and sedimentation tank is a sewage treatment apparatus using a fixed bed carrier for waste water purification, which is partitioned by a plurality of partitions in one tank.
  6. 제4항에 있어서,The method of claim 4, wherein
    상기 메쉬부재의 하면에 쇄석 또는 토양 일부가 낙하되는 것이 방지되도록 부직포가 삽입된 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체를 이용한 하수처리장치.A sewage treatment apparatus using a fixed bed carrier for wastewater purification in which a nonwoven fabric is inserted to prevent a portion of crushed stone or soil from falling on the lower surface of the mesh member.
  7. 제4항에 있어서,The method of claim 4, wherein
    상기 담체는, 쇄석, 입자성 세라믹, 목편, 발포 폴리우레탄, 발포 폴리비닐알코올, 미생물이 부착된 현수미생물담체로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상인 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체를 이용한 하수처리장치.The carrier is a sewage treatment apparatus using a fixed bed carrier for wastewater purification, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of crushed stone, particulate ceramics, wood chips, expanded polyurethane, expanded polyvinyl alcohol, and suspended microbial carriers having microorganisms attached thereto.
  8. 제4항에 있어서,The method of claim 4, wherein
    상기 식물층은 사계절 잔디, 미나리, 부추, 갯버들, 부들, 갈대, 줄, 달뿌리풀, 물억새로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상인 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체를 이용한 하수처리장치.The plant layer is a sewage treatment apparatus using a fixed-phase carrier for wastewater purification, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of four seasons grass, buttercup, leek, pussy willow, buds, reeds, ropes, moonroot, and silver grass.
  9. 제4항에 있어서,The method of claim 4, wherein
    상기 토양층은 사양토로 이루어진 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체를 이용한 하수처리장치.The soil layer is a sewage treatment apparatus using a fixed bed carrier for waste water purification made of sandy loam.
  10. 제4항에 있어서,The method of claim 4, wherein
    상기 유출구로 배출되는 정화수의 일부를 상기 무산소조로 복귀시키는 리턴라인이 구비된 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체를 이용한 하수처리장치.Sewage treatment apparatus using a fixed bed carrier for waste water purification provided with a return line for returning a portion of the purified water discharged to the outlet to the anoxic tank.
  11. 유입구가 구비되어 오수가 입수되고, 인을 방출하면서 유기물이 제거되는 혐기조;An anaerobic tank provided with an inlet to obtain sewage and removing organic substances while releasing phosphorus;
    상기 혐기조로부터 오수가 유입되고, 탈질반응이 이루어지고 및 유기물이 제거되는 무산소조;Oxygen-free tank from which the sewage is introduced, denitrification is carried out, and organic matter is removed;
    상기 무산소조를 통과한 오수가 유입되고, 유기물 제거를 위한 호기성 미생물이 제공되며, 상기 호기성 미생물이 부착되어 생물막을 형성하도록 담체가 충진된 폭기조;Aeration tank into which the sewage passing through the anaerobic tank is introduced, and an aerobic microorganism for removing organic matter is provided, and the carrier is filled so that the aerobic microorganism is attached to form a biofilm;
    상기 폭기조로부터 오수가 유입된 다음 모든 미생물들이 침전되고, 정화된 정화수가 유출구를 통하여 배출되는 침전조;A sedimentation tank in which all the microorganisms are precipitated after the sewage is introduced from the aeration tank, and the purified purified water is discharged through the outlet;
    상기 혐기조, 무산소조, 폭기조, 그리고 침전조가 모두 매립된 상태에서 상면을 덮도록 설치된 메쉬부재;A mesh member installed to cover the upper surface of the anaerobic tank, the anaerobic tank, the aeration tank, and the settling tank in a state where they are all embedded;
    상기 메쉬부재 상부에 층을 이루도록 제공되는 쇄석층;A crushed stone layer provided to form a layer on the mesh member;
    상기 쇄석층 상부에 제공되는 토양층; 및A soil layer provided on the crushed stone layer; And
    상기 토양층 상부에 심어져 그 뿌리가 상기 메쉬부재 하부까지 연장되는 식물층;A plant layer which is planted on the soil layer and whose roots extend to the bottom of the mesh member;
    상기 메쉬부재 하부에 하중에 대한 지지력을 보강할 수 있도록 설치된 격자형 받침판;A lattice supporting plate installed below the mesh member so as to reinforce a bearing force against a load;
    상기 격자형 받침판, 메쉬부재, 쇄석층, 그리고 토양층이 수납되도록 상부가 개방되고 사방으로 측면을 구비한 형태로 이루어지며, 하판은 상기 격자형 받침판을 지지할 수 있도록 일부가 개방된 상태에서 매립된 수납 프레임;The lattice supporting plate, the mesh member, the crushed stone layer, and the soil layer is formed so that the upper portion is open and has a side in all directions, the lower plate is buried in a part open to support the lattice supporting plate Storage frame;
    상기 수납 프레임의 제거 시, 인접하는 토양이 무너지는 것을 방지할 수 있도록 상기 수납 프레임 측면에 설치되고 단면이 90도로 절곡된 형태를 가지는 외측 프레임; 및An outer frame installed at a side of the storage frame and bent at a 90 degree cross section so as to prevent the adjacent soil from collapsing when the storage frame is removed; And
    상기 수납 프레임의 측면 상단부의 절개부에 수납되고, 상기 수납 프레임을 용이하게 들어 분리할 수 있도록 일단이 상기 절개부에 회전할 수 있도록 설치되며, 타단인 자유단에는 리프팅용 파이프를 삽입하기 위한 관통홀이 구비된 리프팅용 레버;It is stored in the cut-out portion of the upper side of the storage frame, one end is rotatably installed so that the storage frame can be easily lifted and separated, the other end of the free end is penetrated for inserting the lifting pipe A lifting lever having a hole;
    을 포함하되,Including,
    상기 담체는 미생물이 서식할 수 있도록 합성수지가 발포되어 다공성으로 이루어진 담체 몸체와, 상기 담체 몸체에 일부가 절개되어 형성된 홀에 억지끼움식으로 삽입되는 중량체를 포함하는 오폐수 정화용 고정상 담체를 이용한 하수처리장치.The carrier is a sewage treatment using a fixed-phase carrier for wastewater purification, including a carrier body made of foamed synthetic resin so that microorganisms can inhabit, and a weight body inserted into a hole formed by cutting a portion of the carrier body. Device.
PCT/KR2018/001751 2017-02-14 2018-02-09 Stationary-phase carrier for purifying sewage/wastewater and sewage treatment device using same WO2018151468A1 (en)

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