WO2018149388A1 - 空气预清洁组件及具有其的电动工具 - Google Patents

空气预清洁组件及具有其的电动工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018149388A1
WO2018149388A1 PCT/CN2018/076594 CN2018076594W WO2018149388A1 WO 2018149388 A1 WO2018149388 A1 WO 2018149388A1 CN 2018076594 W CN2018076594 W CN 2018076594W WO 2018149388 A1 WO2018149388 A1 WO 2018149388A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
cyclone
air
power tool
chamber
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PCT/CN2018/076594
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕卫卫
吴兴
刘吉国
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博世电动工具（中国）有限公司
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Application filed by 博世电动工具（中国）有限公司 filed Critical 博世电动工具（中国）有限公司
Priority to RU2019128552A priority Critical patent/RU2759353C2/ru
Priority to BR112019016843A priority patent/BR112019016843A2/pt
Priority to US16/486,226 priority patent/US11374467B2/en
Priority to DE112018000849.5T priority patent/DE112018000849T5/de
Publication of WO2018149388A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018149388A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/26—Structural association of machines with devices for cleaning or drying cooling medium, e.g. with filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/008—Cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct

Definitions

  • the present application relates to electric machines, and more particularly to the field of air pre-cleaning of electric machines.
  • Air pre-cleaners are commonly used to separate particulate matter from air streams.
  • the industry mainly implements the particle separation unit with independent power system or the complex follow-up separation unit, which still has the defects of high cost and complicated design.
  • the main problem to be solved in this application is the air pre-cleaning problem of the motor.
  • the present application provides a power tool including a housing and a tool assembly assembled to the housing, the tool assembly including: an end output shaft of the attachable accessory and directly or indirectly An electric machine driving the end output shaft, the electric machine including a stator and a rotor shaft assembly, the rotor shaft assembly further including a fan that generates an air flow, the air flow flowing through the electric machine, the air flow in the a cyclone separation unit is disposed on the upstream path of the motor, the cyclone separation unit includes an air inlet, a cyclonic separation chamber communicating with the air inlet, a cyclone communicating with the cyclone separation chamber and located outside the cyclone separation chamber a dust collecting chamber, and an air outlet communicating with the cyclone separation chamber and located at an inner circumference of the cyclone separation chamber, the motor being located downstream of the air outlet.
  • the present application also provides an air pre-cleaning assembly comprising a motor having a stator and a rotor shaft assembly with a fan, the motor being located upstream of the fan, the fan rotating to generate a flow through An air flow of the motor, the air flow being provided with a cyclonic separating unit on an upstream path of the motor, the cyclonic separating unit comprising an air inlet, a cyclonic separation chamber communicating with the air inlet, and the cyclone separation chamber a cyclone dust collecting chamber communicating with the outer circumference of the cyclone separation chamber, and an air outlet communicating with the cyclone separation chamber and located at an inner circumference of the cyclone separation chamber, the motor being located downstream of the air outlet.
  • the cyclone separation unit disposed upstream of the motor flows the clean air filtered by the cyclone through the air outlet through the motor, and the design is compact and simple, and the safety is also improved.
  • a power tool includes a housing and a tool assembly assembled to the housing, the tool assembly including: an end output shaft of the attachable accessory and directly or indirectly driving the tool
  • An electric motor having an end output shaft, the electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor shaft assembly, the rotor shaft assembly further comprising a fan that generates a flow of air, the air flow flowing through the electric machine, wherein the air flow is in the a cyclone separation unit is disposed on the upstream path of the motor, and the cyclone separation unit includes an air inlet, a cyclonic separation chamber communicating with the air inlet, and a cyclone separation chamber communicating with the outer circumference of the cyclone separation chamber.
  • the air flow flows through a stator-rotor gap and/or a motor-housing backlash of the electric machine.
  • the cyclone dust collecting chamber has a particle discharge port.
  • the cyclone dust collecting chamber further comprises a cover that can close the particle discharge opening by a negative pressure generated by the air flow.
  • the power tool has a switch that controls motor activation
  • the cyclone dust chamber further includes a cover that can be coupled with the switch to open and close the particle discharge port.
  • the switch cooperatively sets the start and stop of the motor and the opening and closing of the cover to be: before the motor starts, the cover is closed first; before the cover is opened, the motor stops first.
  • the end output shaft is perpendicular to the rotor shaft assembly, the end output shaft has a free end facing the working side, the particle discharge opening being open facing the working side.
  • the cyclone dust collecting chamber extends to the working side to form an extended dust collecting chamber, and the particle discharging opening is opened at a lower portion of the extended dust collecting chamber.
  • the cyclonic separating unit has a plurality of circumferentially distributed inlet ports, the inlet ports entering the cyclonic separation chamber tangentially.
  • the housing is provided with a plurality of intake grilles corresponding to the air inlets.
  • the cyclonic separating unit is prefabricated as a unit and can be modularly mounted to the power tool.
  • the inner wall of the cyclone dust collecting chamber is provided with a plurality of strip-like or point-like protrusions that promote sedimentation of the particles.
  • the cyclone dust collecting chamber is integrally or partially disposed as a see-through cavity capable of observing the amount of dust collected.
  • the power tool is an angle grinder, a hammer, a circular saw, an electric drill or a cutter.
  • an air pre-cleaning assembly comprising a motor having a stator and a rotor shaft assembly that is provided with a fan, the motor being located upstream of the fan, the fan rotating to produce a flow through
  • the air flow of the motor is characterized in that the air flow is provided with a cyclone separation unit on an upstream path of the motor, and the cyclone separation unit includes an air inlet, a cyclone separation chamber communicating with the air inlet, and
  • the cyclone separation chamber is located in a cyclone dust collection chamber outside the cyclone separation chamber, and is connected to the cyclone separation chamber and located at an air outlet of the inner circumference of the cyclone separation chamber, and the motor is located downstream of the air outlet.
  • the cyclonic separating unit has a plurality of circumferentially distributed inlets that enter the cyclonic separation chamber tangentially.
  • the cyclone dust collecting chamber has a particle discharge port.
  • the cyclone dust collecting chamber further comprises a cover that can open or close the particle discharge opening actively or passively.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a power tool of the present application
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the power tool of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view showing the power tool of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the cyclone separation unit of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the cyclone separation unit of the present application taken along the line A-A in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional structural view showing the open state of the cover of the power tool according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional structural view showing the closed state of the cover of Fig. 5.
  • the power tool 100 of the embodiment is an angle grinder, comprising a housing 10 and a tool assembly 20 assembled to the housing 10 , the housing 10 including a front housing 101 and a rear housing 102, the tool assembly 20 is specifically assembled in the front housing 101, the tool assembly 20 includes: an end output shaft 201 of a attachable attachment, and a gear set that drives the end output shaft 201 203 and a motor 205 that drives the gear set 203.
  • the motor 205 includes a stator 2051 and a rotor shaft assembly 2053.
  • the rotor shaft assembly 2053 is further provided with a fan 207 that can generate an air flow F.
  • the air flow F flows through the motor 205, and the air flow F is provided with a cyclonic separating unit 30 on an upstream path of the motor 205, the cyclonic separating unit 30 including an air inlet 301, and a cyclone separation chamber 303 communicating with the air inlet 301, a cyclone dust collecting chamber 305 communicating with the cyclone separation chamber 303 and located outside the cyclone separation chamber 303, and communicating with the cyclone separation chamber 303 and located at the An air outlet 307 in the inner circumference of the cyclone separation chamber 303, the air outlet 3 07 leads to the motor 205.
  • the cyclonic separating unit 30 including an air inlet 301, and a cyclone separation chamber 303 communicating with the air inlet 301, a cyclone dust collecting chamber 305 communicating with the cyclone separation chamber 303 and located outside the cyclone separation chamber 303, and communicating with the cyclone separation chamber 303 and located at the An air outlet 307 in the inner circumference of the cyclone separation chamber
  • the fan 207 sucks the cyclone formed in the cyclone separation chamber 303, thereby separating large particles such as dust into the cyclone dust collecting chamber 305, and sends the processed clean air to the motor 205 through the air outlet 307 to participate in the work.
  • Simple and efficient structural design ensures motor and tool safety.
  • the power tool further includes a switch 209 that controls the activation of the motor 205, and the cyclone separation unit 30 and the switch 209 are assembled to the rear housing 102.
  • the front and rear housings are configured to receive the cyclone separating unit 30 with high disassembly requirements in the rear housing 102, and to receive the tool assembly 20 with low disassembly requirements in the front housing 101, thereby reducing The assembly and disassembly time and accuracy changes.
  • the motor 20 in this embodiment is located upstream of the fan 207, and the air flow F specifically flows through the stator-rotor gap G1 of the motor 207 and/or the motor-housing backlash G2, and the air flow is in the A cyclone separation unit 30 is provided on the upstream path of the stator-rotor clearance G1 and/or the motor-housing clearance G2, the cyclonic dust collection chamber 305 having a particle discharge opening 3051 for collection in the cyclone dust collection chamber 305 The dust and other particles are discharged in time.
  • the end output shaft 201 is perpendicular to the rotor shaft assembly 2053, the end output shaft 201 has a free end 2011 facing the working side, and the particle discharge opening 3051 is open to the working side.
  • the design that the particle discharge port 3051 is disposed on the working side in conformity with the end output shaft 201 not only conforms to the user's operating habits for the angle grinder, but also satisfies the design compactness requirement of the angle grinder itself.
  • the cyclonic dust collecting chamber 305 further includes a cover 3053 that can close the particle discharge opening 3051 by a negative pressure generated by the air flow F.
  • the cover may be in the form of a pivoting or a soft rubber sleeve, as long as the fan 207 is operated to generate a negative pressure.
  • the cyclone dust collecting chamber 305 is extended to the working side to form an extended dust collecting chamber 3055.
  • the particle discharging opening 3051 is opened at a lower portion of the extended dust collecting chamber 3055.
  • the cyclone dust collecting chamber 305 has a conical cylindrical shape, and the expanding dust collecting chamber 3055 is formed on the base of the conical cylinder to be recessed toward the working side, so that the particles falling into the extended dust collecting chamber 3055 are separated from the main cyclone area. It is relatively difficult to be raised again, and the dust collection amount of the cyclone dust collecting chamber 305 is also objectively improved.
  • the inner wall of the cyclone dust collecting chamber 305 is provided with a plurality of strips or spot-like protrusions (not shown) which promote sedimentation of the particles to assist the particles to decelerate and deposit.
  • the cyclone separation unit 30 is prefabricated as a whole and can be modularly assembled to the power tool 100, so that the dust can be easily removed after multiple use of the wall surface.
  • the cyclonic separating unit 30 can also be partially closed by means of an existing structure, for example, a part of the outer wall of the cyclone chamber 305 can be opened and combined with a housing in the vicinity of the switch.
  • the housing 10 is provided with a plurality of intake grills 103 corresponding to the air inlets 301. In this way, the air entering the cyclone separation unit 30 can be coarsely filtered to prevent the excessively large particles from entering the cyclone separation unit 30.
  • a plurality of intake ports 301 in the cyclonic separating unit 30 are distributed in the circumferential direction to draw in a larger amount of air.
  • the air inlet 301 enters the cyclone separation chamber 303 tangentially so as to enter the swirl flow at the most direct angle and direction after entering the cyclone separation chamber 303, thereby improving the separation efficiency.
  • the cyclone dust collecting chamber 305 may be disposed in whole or in part as a see-through cavity capable of observing the amount of dust collected, so as to facilitate corresponding processing in an intuitive and timely manner.
  • the cover 3053 in the first embodiment described above is not particularly provided as long as it can be adsorbed and closed under negative pressure.
  • a control switch can be separately provided, and even the cover can be set to be existing.
  • the form of the motor control switch linkage For example, referring to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the power tool 100 has a switch 209 for controlling the start of the motor 205, and the cyclone chamber 305 further includes a switchable connection with the switch 209 to close the A cover 3053 of the particle discharge port 3051 is described.
  • the switch 209 uses a swing lever 3054 to interlockably open and close the motor 205 and the opening and closing of the cover 3053 so that the cover 3053 is closed before the motor 205 is started; before the cover 3053 is opened, the motor 205 is stopped first.
  • the cyclonic separating unit 30 is preferably located between the motor 205 and the switch 209, which not only facilitates the setting of the linkage mechanism, but also is independent of the tool assembly 20, and does not require disassembly of the main portion of the housing 10 during processing.
  • the end output shaft and the motor in this embodiment are driven by a gear set, but in other applications, other forms of transmission may be used, even directly using a motor drive.
  • the above specific embodiment mainly introduces the application of the present application to an angle grinder.
  • the cyclone separation unit can be used as an air pre-cleaning component in an electric hammer, a circular saw, an electric drill, a cutting machine or even a non-electric motor.
  • the tool field has a wider range of applications.
  • the air pre-cleaning assembly includes a motor having a stator and a rotor shaft assembly that is provided with a fan, the motor being located upstream of the fan, the fan rotating to generate air through the motor a flow, the air flow is provided with a cyclonic separating unit on an upstream path of the motor, the cyclonic separating unit comprising an air inlet, a cyclonic separation chamber communicating with the air inlet, communicating with the cyclone separation chamber and located at the a cyclone dust collecting chamber outside the cyclone separation chamber, and an air outlet communicating with the cyclone separation chamber and located at an inner circumference of the cyclone separation chamber, the air outlet communicating with the motor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

一种空气预清洁组件及具有其的电动工具，空气预清洁组件包括具有定子(2051)和组设有风扇(207)的转子轴组件(2053)的电机，电机(205)位于风扇(207)的上游，风扇(207)转动可产生流经电机(205)的空气流，空气流在电机(205)的上游路径上设有旋风分离单元(30)，旋风分离单元(30)包括进气口(301)、与进气口(301)相通的旋风分离腔(303)、与旋风分离腔(303)相通并位于旋风分离腔(303)外周的旋风集尘腔(305)，以及与旋风分离腔(303)相通并位于旋风分离腔(303)内周的出气口(307)，电机(205)位于出气口(307)下游。设置于电机(205)上游的旋风分离单元(30)，将旋风过滤后的洁净空气通过出气口(307)流经电机(205)。

Description

空气预清洁组件及具有其的电动工具 技术领域
本申请涉及电机，尤其涉及电机的空气预清洁领域。
背景技术
电机，例如电动工具中使用的电机，其冷却气流中往往含有颗粒物质，这些颗粒物质如果进入工具组件内部可能导致电动工具严重受损。因此有利的是，在操作机构(例如电机或其它设备)上游的某处降低气流中颗粒物质的水平。空气预清洁器被普遍用于从空气流中分离颗粒物质。目前行业内主要通过设置具有独立的动力***的颗粒分离单元或者复杂的随动分离单元来实现，依旧存在成本高、设计复杂等缺陷。
因此，有必要改进以克服现有技术中存在的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请要解决的主要是电机的空气预清洁问题。
为解决上述技术问题，一方面，本申请提供一种电动工具，包括壳体和组设于所述壳体的工具组件，所述工具组件包括：可装夹附件的末端输出轴和直接或间接驱动所述末端输出轴的电机，所述电机包括定子和转子轴组件，所述转子轴组件还包括可产生空气流的风扇，所述空气流流经所述电机，所述空气流在所述电机的上游路径上设有旋风分离单元，所述旋风分离单元包括进气口、与所述进气口相通的旋风分离腔、与所述旋风分离腔相通并位于所述旋风分离腔外周的旋风集尘腔，以及与所述旋风分离腔相通并位于所述旋风分离腔内周的出气口，所述电机位于出气口下游。
再一方面，本申请还提供了一种空气预清洁组件，包括具有定子和组设有风扇的转子轴组件的电机，所述电机位于所述风扇的上游，所述风扇转动可产生流经所述电机的空气流，所述空气流在电机的上 游路径上设有旋风分离单元，所述旋风分离单元包括进气口、与所述进气口相通的旋风分离腔、与所述旋风分离腔相通并位于所述旋风分离腔外周的旋风集尘腔，以及与所述旋风分离腔相通并位于所述旋风分离腔内周的出气口，所述电机位于出气口下游。
根据本申请，所述设置于电机上游的旋风分离单元，将旋风过滤后的洁净空气通过出气口流经电机，设计紧凑简单，安全性也得到提高。
根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种电动工具，包括壳体和组设于所述壳体的工具组件，所述工具组件包括：可装夹附件的末端输出轴和直接或间接驱动所述末端输出轴的电机，所述电机包括定子和转子轴组件，所述转子轴组件还包括可产生空气流的风扇，所述空气流流经所述电机，其特征在于，所述空气流在所述电机的上游路径上设有旋风分离单元，所述旋风分离单元包括进气口、与所述进气口相通的旋风分离腔、与所述旋风分离腔相通并位于所述旋风分离腔外周的旋风集尘腔，以及与所述旋风分离腔相通并位于所述旋风分离腔内周的出气口，所述电机位于出气口下游。
可选地，所述空气流流经所述电机的定子-转子间隙和/或电机-壳体侧隙。
可选地，所述旋风集尘腔具有颗粒排放口。
可选地，所述旋风集尘腔还包括可通过空气流产生的负压关闭所述颗粒排放口的盖。
可选地，所述电动工具具有控制电机启动的开关，所述旋风集尘腔还包括可与所述开关联动以开闭所述颗粒排放口的盖。
可选地，所述开关联动地将所述电机的启停和盖的开闭设置为：电机启动前，盖先闭合；盖打开前，电机先停止。
可选地，所述末端输出轴垂直于所述转子轴组件，所述末端输出轴具有面向工作侧的自由末端，所述颗粒排放口面向所述工作侧开放。
可选地，所述旋风集尘腔向工作侧延伸形成有扩展集尘腔，所述颗粒排放口开设于所述扩展集尘腔下部。
可选地，所述旋风分离单元具有若干周向分布的所述进气口，所 述进气口沿切向进入旋风分离腔。
可选地，所述壳体开设有对应所述进气口的若干进气隔栅。
可选地，所述旋风分离单元被预制为一个整体并可模块化地装配于所述电动工具。
可选地，所述旋风集尘腔的内壁设有促进颗粒沉降的若干条状或点状凸起。
可选地，所述旋风集尘腔的整体或局部设置为可观察集尘量的透视腔体。
可选地，所述电动工具为角磨机、电锤、圆锯、电钻或者切割机。
根据本申请的另一个方面，提供了一种空气预清洁组件，包括具有定子和组设有风扇的转子轴组件的电机，所述电机位于所述风扇的上游，所述风扇转动可产生流经所述电机的空气流，其特征在于，所述空气流在电机的上游路径上设有旋风分离单元，所述旋风分离单元包括进气口、与所述进气口相通的旋风分离腔、与所述旋风分离腔相通并位于所述旋风分离腔外周的旋风集尘腔，以及与所述旋风分离腔相通并位于所述旋风分离腔内周的出气口，所述电机位于出气口下游。
可选地，所述旋风分离单元具有若干周向分布的所述进气口，所述进气口沿切向进入旋风分离腔。
可选地，所述旋风集尘腔具有颗粒排放口。
可选地，所述旋风集尘腔还包括可主动或被动开闭所述颗粒排放口的盖。
附图说明
结合附图参阅以下具体实施方式的详细说明，将更加充分地理解本申请。其中：
图1显示本申请一种电动工具的立体结构示意图；
图2显示图1中电动工具的剖视结构示意图；
图3显示图1中电动工具的分解结构示意图；
图4显示图3中旋风分离单元的正剖面结构示意图；
图5显示本申请旋风分离单元沿图1中A-A方向的剖视结构示意 图；
图6显示本申请第二实施方式电动工具中盖打开状态的局部剖视结构示意图；及
图7显示图5中盖闭合状态的局部剖视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图详细描述本申请电动工具100的具体实施方式。
请参阅图1至图5所示，本实施例所述电动工具100为角磨机，包括壳体10和组设于所述壳体10的工具组件20，所述壳体10包括前壳体101和后壳体102，所述工具组件20具体组装于所述前壳体101内，所述工具组件20包括：可装夹附件的末端输出轴201、带动所述末端输出轴201的齿轮组203以及驱动所述齿轮组203的电机205，所述电机205包括定子2051和转子轴组件2053，所述转子轴组件2053还组设有可产生空气流F的风扇207，所述电机205位于所述风扇207的上游，所述空气流F流经所述电机205，所述空气流F在电机205的上游路径上设有旋风分离单元30，所述旋风分离单元30包括进气口301、与所述进气口301相通的旋风分离腔303、与所述旋风分离腔303相通并位于所述旋风分离腔303外周的旋风集尘腔305，以及与所述旋风分离腔303相通并位于所述旋风分离腔303内周的出气口307，所述出气口307通向所述电机205。所述风扇207抽吸在旋风分离腔303内形成的旋风，进而将粉尘等大质量颗粒分离至旋风集尘腔305，并将处理后的洁净空气通过出气口307送进电机205参与工作，采用简单高效的结构设计，保证了电机和工具安全。所述电动工具还包括一个控制电机205启动的开关209，所述旋风分离单元30和开关209组装于所述后壳体102。所述前后壳体的设计，有效地将拆卸需求高的旋风分离单元30收容于所述后壳体102，以及将拆卸需求低的工具组件20收容于所述前壳体101分离开来，降低了装拆时间和精度变化。
本实施例中所述电机20位于风扇207的上游，所述空气流F具体流经所述电机207的定子-转子间隙G1和/或电机-壳体侧隙G2，所述空气流在所述定子-转子间隙G1和/或电机-壳体侧隙G2的上游路径上 设有旋风分离单元30，所述旋风集尘腔305具有颗粒排放口3051，用以将收集在旋风集尘腔305内的粉尘等颗粒及时排出。所述末端输出轴201垂直于所述转子轴组件2053，所述末端输出轴201具有面向工作侧的自由末端2011，所述颗粒排放口3051面向所述工作侧开放。所述颗粒排放口3051与所述末端输出轴201一致地设置于工作侧的设计，不仅符合使用者对于角磨机的操作习惯，也满足了角磨机本身的设计紧凑性要求。
所述旋风集尘腔305还包括可通过空气流F产生的负压关闭所述颗粒排放口3051的盖3053。所述盖可以是通过枢轴翻转的形式，也可以是软胶套的形式，只要在风扇207运转产生负压时能够被吸附闭合即可。所述旋风集尘腔305向工作侧延伸形成有扩展集尘腔3055，所述颗粒排放口3051开设于所述扩展集尘腔3055下部。所述旋风集尘腔305呈圆锥筒形，所述扩展集尘腔3055系在所述圆锥筒形的基础上向工作侧凹陷形成，因而落入扩展集尘腔3055的颗粒离开主要的旋风区域，相对不易再被扬起，客观上也提高了旋风集尘腔305的集尘量。所述旋风集尘腔305的内壁设有促进颗粒沉降的若干条状或点状凸起(图未示)，用以协助颗粒减速进而沉积。
请继续参阅图1至图5，所述旋风分离单元30被预制为一个整体并可模块化地装配于所述电动工具100，这样可以在多次使用壁面有灰尘积累后，方便地进行拆洗和更换；当然，所述旋风分离单元30也可以部分地借助现有结构，例如旋风集尘腔305的部分外壁可以开放并结合开关附近的壳体来实现封闭。所述壳体10开设有对应所述进气口301的若干进气隔栅103。如此可以对进入旋风分离单元30的空气进行粗过滤，避免体积过大的颗粒进入对旋风分离单元30造成破坏。所述旋风分离单元30中的若干进气口301沿周向分布，以吸入较多的空气量。所述进气口301沿切向进入旋风分离腔303，以便在进入所述旋风分离腔303之后可以最直接的角度和方向进入旋流，提高分离效率。此外，所述旋风集尘腔305的整体或局部还可以设置为可观察集尘量的透视腔体，便于直观和及时地进行相应处理。
上述第一实施例中的盖3053并没有特别设置，只要负压时能够被 吸附闭合即可，在其他一些实施例中，也可以单独设置一个控制开关，甚至还可以将盖设置成与现有电机控制开关联动的形式。例如，请参阅图6和图7所示的第二实施例，所述电动工具100具有控制电机205启动的开关209，所述旋风集尘腔305还包括可与所述开关209联动以关闭所述颗粒排放口3051的盖3053。所述开关209利用一个摆杆3054，联动地将所述电机205的启停和盖3053的开闭设置为：电机205启动前，盖3053先闭合；盖3053打开前，电机205先停止。所述旋风分离单元30较佳位于电机205和开关209之间，不仅便于联动机构的设置，而且相对于工具组件20独立，处理时无需将壳体10的主要部分拆开。
以上具体实施方式仅用于说明本申请，而并非对本申请的限制。例如，本实施例中的末端输出轴和电机之间是通过齿轮组来实现传动的，但是，在其他一些应用中也可以通过其他形式传动，甚至直接采用电机传动。再者，上述具体实施方式中主要介绍了本申请在角磨机上的应用，其实，所述旋风分离单元可以作为一种空气预清洁组件在电锤、圆锯、电钻、切割机乃至在非电动工具领域有着更广泛的应用。一个基本的应用状态是：所述空气预清洁组件包括具有定子和组设有风扇的转子轴组件的电机，所述电机位于所述风扇的上游，所述风扇转动可产生贯穿所述电机的空气流，所述空气流在电机的上游路径上设有旋风分离单元，所述旋风分离单元包括进气口、与所述进气口相通的旋风分离腔、与所述旋风分离腔相通并位于所述旋风分离腔外周的旋风集尘腔，以及与所述旋风分离腔相通并位于所述旋风分离腔内周的出气口，所述出气口连通所述电机。
综上，有关技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，还可以做出各种变化和变型，因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本申请的范畴，本申请的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电动工具(100)，包括壳体(10)和组设于所述壳体(10)的工具组件(20)，所述工具组件(20)包括：可装夹附件的末端输出轴(201)和直接或间接驱动所述末端输出轴(201)的电机(205)，所述电机(205)包括定子(2051)和转子轴组件(2053)，所述转子轴组件(2053)还包括可产生空气流(F)的风扇(207)，所述空气流(F)流经所述电机(205)，其特征在于，所述空气流(F)在所述电机(205)的上游路径上设有旋风分离单元(30)，所述旋风分离单元(30)包括进气口(301)、与所述进气口(301)相通的旋风分离腔(303)、与所述旋风分离腔(303)相通并位于所述旋风分离腔(303)外周的旋风集尘腔(305)，以及与所述旋风分离腔(303)相通并位于所述旋风分离腔(303)内周的出气口(307)，所述电机(205)位于出气口(307)下游。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述空气流(F)流经所述电机(205)的定子-转子间隙(G1)和/或电机-壳体侧隙(G2)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述旋风集尘腔(305)具有颗粒排放口(3051)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述旋风集尘腔(305)还包括可通过空气流(F)产生的负压关闭所述颗粒排放口(3051)的盖(3053)。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述电动工具(100)具有控制电机(205)启动的开关(209)，所述旋风集尘腔(305)还包括可与所述开关(209)联动以开闭所述颗粒排放口(3051)的盖(3053)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述开关(209)联动地将所述电机(205)的启停和盖(3053)的开闭设置为：电机(205)启动前，盖(3053)先闭合；盖(3053)打开前，电机(205)先停止。
  7. 根据权利要求3-6中任一项所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述末端输出轴(201)垂直于所述转子轴组件(2053)，所述末端输出轴(201)具有面向工作侧的自由末端(2011)，所述颗粒排放口(3051)面向所述工作侧开放。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述旋风集尘腔(305)向工作侧延伸形成有扩展集尘腔(3055)，所述颗粒排放口(3051)开设于所述扩展集尘腔(3055)下部。
  9. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述旋风分离单元(30)具有若干周向分布的所述进气口(301)，所述进气口(301)沿切向进入旋风分离腔(303)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述壳体(10)开设有对应所述进气口(301)的若干进气隔栅(103)。
  11. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述旋风分离单元(30)被预制为一个整体并可模块化地装配于所述电动工具(100)。
  12. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述旋风集尘腔(305)的内壁设有促进颗粒沉降的若干条状或点状凸起。
  13. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述旋风集尘腔(305)的整体或局部设置为可观察集尘量的透视腔体。
  14. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电动工具(100)，其特征在于，所述电动工具(100)为角磨机、电锤、圆锯、电钻或者切割机。
  15. 一种空气预清洁组件，包括具有定子(2051)和组设有风扇(207)的转子轴组件(2053)的电机(205)，所述电机(205)位于所述风扇(207)的上游，所述风扇(207)转动可产生流经所述电机(205)的空气流(F)，其特征在于，所述空气流(F)在电机(205)的上游路径上设有旋风分离单元(30)，所述旋风分离单元(30)包括进气口(301)、与所述进气口(301)相通的旋风分离腔(303)、与所述旋风分离腔(303)相通并位于所述旋风分离腔(303)外周的旋风集尘腔(305)，以及与所述旋风分离腔(303)相通并位于所述旋风分离腔(303)内周的出气口(307)，所述电机(205)位于出气口(307)下游。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的空气预清洁组件，其特征在于，所述旋风分离单元(30)具有若干周向分布的所述进气口(301)，所述进气口(301)沿切向进入旋风分离腔(303)。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的空气预清洁组件，其特征在于，所述旋风集尘腔(305)具有颗粒排放口(3051)。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的空气预清洁组件，其特征在于，所述旋风集尘腔(305)还包括可主动或被动开闭所述颗粒排放口(3051)的盖(3053)。
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