WO2018127202A1 - 一种传输参考信号的方法以及设备 - Google Patents

一种传输参考信号的方法以及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018127202A1
WO2018127202A1 PCT/CN2018/071925 CN2018071925W WO2018127202A1 WO 2018127202 A1 WO2018127202 A1 WO 2018127202A1 CN 2018071925 W CN2018071925 W CN 2018071925W WO 2018127202 A1 WO2018127202 A1 WO 2018127202A1
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Prior art keywords
reference signal
waveform
ofdm waveform
information
resource
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PCT/CN2018/071925
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘凤威
陈磊
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to BR112019014154-5A priority Critical patent/BR112019014154A2/pt
Priority to CA3049702A priority patent/CA3049702C/en
Priority to EP18736362.7A priority patent/EP3567784B1/en
Priority to JP2019537255A priority patent/JP7102417B2/ja
Publication of WO2018127202A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018127202A1/zh
Priority to US16/506,761 priority patent/US11245563B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H04L1/1861—Physical mapping arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/2634—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation
    • H04L27/2636—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation with FFT or DFT modulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] transmitter or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H04L5/0051—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/0062—Avoidance of ingress interference, e.g. ham radio channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/0067—Allocation algorithms which involve graph matching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0091—Signaling for the administration of the divided path
    • H04L5/0094—Indication of how sub-channels of the path are allocated

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and, more particularly, to a method and device for transmitting a reference signal.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-OFDM International Standard Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-OFDM; abbreviation: DFT-s-OFDM
  • PAPR Peak to Average Power Ratio
  • DFT-s-OFDM introduces the discrete Fourier transform (English: Discrete Fourier Transform; abbreviation: DFT) extension before the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (English: Inverse Fast Fourier Transform; FFT).
  • DFT discrete Fourier Transform
  • FFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
  • PAPR is much lower than OFDM.
  • DFT-s-OFDM introduces the subcarrier processing of OFDM, its essence is a single carrier waveform.
  • the next-generation wireless communication standard, the 5G uplink determines both OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM waveforms.
  • OFDM waveform can provide higher system capacity in high SNR scenarios, suitable for cell center users; while DFT-s-OFDM waveform has low PAPR characteristics, which can make the output power of the power amplifier higher, so it can provide More coverage, suitable for coverage of restricted cell edge users.
  • demodulation reference signals (English: Demodulation Reference Signal; DMRS for short) are essential.
  • DMRS should not affect the frequency domain scheduling flexibility of OFDM, and DMRS should not destroy the low PAPR of DFT-s-OFDM.
  • MIMO multi-input multi-input
  • the waveform adopted by the LTE uplink is DFT-s-OFDM.
  • the LTE uplink DMRS is continuously mapped in the frequency domain subcarriers, and the adopted sequence has a low PAPR characteristic after being transformed into the time domain.
  • the sequence adopted by the LTE uplink DMRS includes a ZC (English: Zadoff Chu) sequence and a complex Gold sequence (English: Complex Gold Sequence; abbreviation: CGS).
  • the LTE uplink DMRS adopts a frequency domain code division multiplexing technique.
  • the waveform used in the LTE downlink is OFDM, and the DMRS is discretely mapped in the time domain and the frequency domain.
  • the LTE downlink DMRS adopts frequency division multiplexing and time domain code division multiplexing technology.
  • the LTE uplink DMRS is continuously mapped in the frequency domain. If it is applied to an OFDM waveform, it cannot be multiplexed with data, resulting in a decrease in spectral efficiency.
  • LTE uplink DMRS supports multi-antenna port parallel transmission by code division multiplexing on the same frequency domain resource, and code division multiplexing requires orthogonal sequences of the same length.
  • the uplink DMRS requirements of LTE must be continuous in the frequency domain. Therefore, if the uplink DMRS of LTE is adopted in the 5G uplink, the flexibility of resource scheduling may be reduced, resulting in a decrease in cell throughput.
  • the LTE downlink downlink DMRS is discretely mapped in the time-frequency domain, and the data and the DMRS are multiplexed in a single OFDM symbol. However, it does not have a time domain low PAPR characteristic for the sequence, so this transmission method cannot be applied to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a method and an apparatus for transmitting a reference signal.
  • the method provides a resource mapping pattern of a reference signal corresponding to an OFDM waveform and a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, which is beneficial to reducing signaling overhead and system complexity in the application of the two waveform scenarios.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for transmitting a reference signal, including: the network device sends, to the user equipment UE, information about a waveform scheduled by the network device for the UE, information of an antenna port, and information of a resource block.
  • the waveform includes an OFDM waveform or a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, the antenna port indicating a resource mapping pattern used by the UE to transmit or receive a reference signal; within a symbol of the resource mapping pattern, and DFT-
  • the reference signal corresponding to the s-OFDM waveform is combed in the frequency domain, and the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform is mapped on the unmapped frequency domain resource of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform; according to the information of the waveform, Decoding the information of the antenna port and the information of the resource block, the network device transmitting or receiving a reference signal to the UE on the resource block.
  • the method applies the same reference signal resource mapping pattern to the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform, which reduces the system complexity and overhead; the method simultaneously satisfies the constraints and requirements of the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform on the DMRS. And can guarantee the performance of any one of the waveforms.
  • the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform is mapped in the frequency domain in a comb-like manner. If the reference signal of the OFDM waveform and the reference signal of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform have a similar resource mapping pattern, the UE can know the resource mapping pattern of the paired UE without knowing the waveform type of the paired UE, and thus can Perform interference estimation and elimination.
  • the mapping manner of the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform in the frequency domain and the reference signal corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform are mapped in the frequency domain.
  • the method can facilitate the blind detection of the reference signal by the receiving end, thereby recovering the reference signal.
  • the reference signals transmitted by the first number of antenna ports are orthogonalized by orthogonal codes in the frequency domain, Wherein the first number is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the method can distinguish multiple antenna ports in a single resource block, reduces the granularity of resource scheduling, and improves scheduling flexibility.
  • the reference signals transmitted by the second number of antenna ports are positive in the frequency domain by orthogonal codes.
  • Cross processing, wherein the second number is a positive integer greater than one. The method can distinguish multiple antenna ports in a single resource block, reduces the granularity of resource scheduling, and improves scheduling flexibility.
  • the method further includes: the network device transmitting information of a waveform of the paired UE of the UE and information of an antenna port to the UE.
  • the network device transmitting information of a waveform of the paired UE of the UE and information of an antenna port to the UE.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for transmitting and receiving a reference signal, including: receiving, from a network device, information about a waveform scheduled by the network device for a user equipment UE, information of an antenna port, and information of a resource block,
  • the waveform includes an OFDM waveform or a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, the antenna port indicating a resource mapping pattern used by the UE to transmit or receive a reference signal; within a symbol of the resource mapping pattern, and DFT-s - the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform is combed in the frequency domain, and the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform is mapped on the unmapped frequency domain resource of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform; according to the information of the waveform, Information of the antenna port and information of the resource block, the UE transmitting or receiving a reference signal to the network on the resource block.
  • the method applies the same reference signal resource mapping pattern to the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform, which reduces the system complexity and overhead; the method simultaneously satisfies the constraints and requirements of the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform on the DMRS. And can guarantee the performance of any one of the waveforms.
  • the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform is mapped in the frequency domain in a comb-like manner.
  • the mapping manner of the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform in the frequency domain and the reference signal corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform are mapped in the frequency domain.
  • the method can facilitate the blind detection of the reference signal by the receiving end, thereby recovering the reference signal.
  • the reference signals transmitted by the first number of antenna ports are orthogonalized by orthogonal codes in the frequency domain, Wherein the first number is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the method can distinguish multiple antenna ports in a single resource block, reduces the granularity of resource scheduling, and improves scheduling flexibility.
  • the reference signals transmitted by the second number of antenna ports are positive in the frequency domain by orthogonal codes.
  • Cross processing, wherein the second number is a positive integer greater than one. The method can distinguish multiple antenna ports in a single resource block, reduces the granularity of resource scheduling, and improves scheduling flexibility.
  • the method further includes: the UE receiving information of a waveform of the paired UE of the UE and information of an antenna port from the network device.
  • the UE can perform interference cancellation more efficiently.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a network device.
  • the network device includes: a transceiver, configured to send, to the user equipment UE, information about a waveform scheduled by the network device for the UE, information of an antenna port, and information of a resource block.
  • the waveform comprises an OFDM waveform or a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, the antenna port indicating a resource mapping pattern used by the UE to transmit or receive a reference signal; within a symbol of the resource mapping pattern, and a DFT
  • the reference signal corresponding to the -s-OFDM waveform is combed in the frequency domain, and the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform is mapped on the unmapped frequency domain resource of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • the transceiver is further configured to send or receive a reference signal to the UE on the resource block according to the information of the waveform, the information of the antenna port, and the information of the resource block.
  • the method applies the same reference signal resource mapping pattern to the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform, which reduces the system complexity and overhead; the method simultaneously satisfies the constraints and requirements of the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform on the DMRS. And can guarantee the performance of any one of the waveforms.
  • the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform is mapped in the frequency domain in a comb-like manner.
  • the mapping manner of the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform in the frequency domain and the reference signal corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform are mapped in the frequency domain.
  • the method can facilitate the blind detection of the reference signal by the receiving end, thereby recovering the reference signal.
  • the reference signals transmitted by the first number of antenna ports are orthogonalized by orthogonal codes in the frequency domain, Wherein the first number is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the method can distinguish multiple antenna ports in a single resource block, reduces the granularity of resource scheduling, and improves scheduling flexibility.
  • the reference signals transmitted by the second number of antenna ports are positive in the frequency domain by orthogonal codes.
  • Cross processing, wherein the second number is a positive integer greater than one. The method can distinguish multiple antenna ports in a single resource block, reduces the granularity of resource scheduling, and improves scheduling flexibility.
  • the transceiver is further configured to send information about a waveform of the paired UE of the UE and information of an antenna port to the UE.
  • the UE can perform interference cancellation more efficiently.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a user equipment.
  • the device includes: a transceiver, configured to receive, from a network device, information of a waveform scheduled by the network device for a user equipment UE, information of an antenna port, and information of a resource block, where the waveform includes an OFDM waveform or a DFT-s-OFDM waveform
  • the antenna port indicates a resource mapping pattern used by the UE to transmit or receive a reference signal; and in a symbol of the resource mapping pattern, a mapping manner of a reference signal corresponding to a DFT-s-OFDM waveform in a frequency domain It is comb-like, and the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform is mapped on the unmapped frequency domain resource of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • the transceiver is further configured to send or receive a reference signal to or from the network according to the information of the waveform, the information of the antenna port, and the information of the resource block.
  • the method applies the same reference signal resource mapping pattern to the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform, which reduces the system complexity and overhead; the method simultaneously satisfies the constraints and requirements of the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform on the DMRS. And can guarantee the performance of any one of the waveforms.
  • the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform is mapped in the frequency domain in a comb-like manner.
  • the mapping manner of the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform in the frequency domain and the reference signal corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform are mapped in the frequency domain.
  • the method can facilitate the blind detection of the reference signal by the receiving end, thereby recovering the reference signal.
  • the reference signals transmitted by the first number of antenna ports are orthogonalized by orthogonal codes in the frequency domain, Wherein the first number is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the method can distinguish multiple antenna ports in a single resource block, which reduces the granularity of resource scheduling and improves scheduling flexibility.
  • the reference signals transmitted by the second number of antenna ports are positive in the frequency domain by orthogonal codes.
  • Cross processing, wherein the second number is a positive integer greater than one. The method can distinguish multiple antenna ports in a single resource block, reduces the granularity of resource scheduling, and improves scheduling flexibility.
  • the transceiver is further configured to receive information of a waveform of the paired UE of the UE and information of an antenna port from the network device. Thereby the UE can perform interference cancellation more efficiently.
  • the sequence of the reference signal using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform is a Zadoff-Chu sequence or a complex Gold sequence CGS.
  • the reference signal of the OFDM waveform is frequency-multiplexed with the data.
  • the information of the waveform, the information of the antenna port or the information of the resource block may be carried in the downlink control information DCI, RRC signaling or MAC control signaling.
  • the reference signal is a demodulation reference signal DMRS, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS or a sounding reference signal SRS.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium for storing computer software instructions used by the network device or the UE, which includes a program designed to execute the foregoing method.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a time slot structure
  • 2a is a schematic diagram of another time slot structure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a grid structure of a time-frequency resource
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping pattern of a reference signal of a single antenna port
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of resource mapping of a reference signal of a dual antenna port
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping pattern of a reference signal of a DFT-s-OFDM waveform
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a time domain waveform of a low PAPR sequence in continuous and discrete mapping in the frequency domain;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of reference signal mapping of an OFDM waveform
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of resource mapping of reference signals of UE1 and UE2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of resource mapping of reference signals of UE1, UE2, and UE3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of resource mapping of reference signals of UE1, UE2, and UE3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of resource mapping of reference signals of UE1 and UE2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping pattern of reference signals of different densities
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of reference signal resource mapping in multiple MIMO scenarios according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping pattern of a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 16 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping pattern of a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device involved in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a simplified schematic diagram of a possible design structure of a UE involved in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the network device for example, a base station
  • the network device in the embodiment of the present application is a device deployed in a radio access network to provide a wireless communication function for a UE. It may include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small stations), relay stations, access points, and the like. In a system using different radio access technologies, the name of a device with a base station function may be different.
  • an evolved Node B (English: evolved NodeB; abbreviated as: eNB or eNodeB)
  • Node B In the third generation (English: 3rd generation; abbreviation: 3G) system, it is called Node B (English: Node B)
  • NR new Radio
  • a base station For convenience of description, in all embodiments of the present application, the foregoing apparatus for providing a wireless communication function to a UE is collectively referred to as a base station.
  • the UE in the embodiment of the present application may be a terminal, including but not limited to a mobile station (English: Mobile Station; MS: Mobile Terminal), a mobile terminal (English: Mobile Telephone), and a mobile phone (English: Mobile Telephone) :handset), portable equipment (English: portable equipment), and handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, and future new wireless (NR) Terminal devices in the network, etc.
  • a mobile station English: Mobile Station; MS: Mobile Terminal
  • a mobile terminal English: Mobile Telephone
  • a mobile phone English: Mobile Telephone
  • portable equipment English: portable equipment
  • handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, and future new wireless (NR) Terminal devices in the network, etc.
  • the UE may transmit using an OFDM waveform or may transmit using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • the scheduling of the waveform may be triggered by the UE or may be triggered by the network device, but all need to be notified by the network device of the result of the waveform scheduling of the UE.
  • the main basis for waveform selection is whether the UE is limited in coverage. Among them, coverage limitation including but not limited to the signal transmission of the UE is seriously affected by the propagation loss, the received signal strength is low, it is difficult to maintain communication or only a lower rate communication can be maintained. That is to say, the main basis of waveform selection is whether the UE can communicate well with the network device.
  • the network device monitors the channel quality of the uplink transmission channel of the UE.
  • the UE may be considered to be in the coverage-limited scenario, and the network device may schedule the DFT-s-OFDM waveform for the UE.
  • the network device may also use other technical means to determine whether the UE is in a coverage-restricted scenario.
  • the network device also needs to notify the UE of the scheduled antenna port.
  • the UE may perform transmission or reception of the reference signal on the corresponding resource unit according to the resource unit mapping pattern of the reference signal corresponding to the scheduled antenna port.
  • the UE may perform transmission or reception of the reference signal on the corresponding resource unit according to the waveform that the network device schedules for the UE.
  • the reference signal includes a DMRS and a channel state information reference signal (English: Channel State Information-Reference Signals; abbreviation: CSI-RS and Sounding Reference Signal (SRS).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes:
  • Step 101 The network device sends, to the UE, information about a waveform scheduled by the network device for the UE, information of an antenna port, and information of a resource block.
  • the waveform includes an OFDM waveform or a DFT-s-OFDM waveform; the antenna port indicates a resource mapping pattern used by the UE to transmit or receive the reference signal. Further, the antenna port also indicates information such as a reference signal sequence and/or an orthogonal code.
  • the resource mapping pattern refers to the position of the reference signal on the time-frequency resource
  • the reference signal sequence refers to the sequence used to construct the reference signal
  • the orthogonal code refers to the code used when the reference signals of different antenna ports are used.
  • the reference signal corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform is combed in the frequency domain, and the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform is mapped in the DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • the mapping manner in the frequency domain is comb-like refers to uniform discrete mapping in the frequency domain or equally spaced mapping in the frequency domain
  • the reference signal corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform refers to transmission using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • the reference signal, the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform refers to a reference signal transmitted using the OFDM waveform.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides three methods for transmitting waveform information, antenna port information, and resource block information that the network device schedules for the UE.
  • the network device sends downlink control information (English: Downlink control information; DCI) to the UE, where the downlink control information indicates the waveform scheduled by the UE and the antenna port number.
  • DCI Downlink control information
  • a specific example can be used to illustrate a specific method. For example, in a DCI of a certain format, it is composed of a plurality of fields, and these fields are composed of a plurality of 0 or 1 bits. These fields are used to indicate specific meanings, such as resource scheduling, modulation coding, and the like.
  • the waveform may be represented by a specific field, for example, sharing 1 bit to represent a waveform, wherein a first value (such as 0) represents an OFDM waveform, and a second value (such as 1) represents a DFT-s. - OFDM waveform.
  • the antenna port number can also be represented by such a field. For example, "00" means that only port 0 is scheduled, "01” means that only port 1 is scheduled, and "11” means that port 0 and port 1 are scheduled at the same time.
  • the UE determines the resource mapping pattern of the reference signal in combination with the field information used to represent the waveform and the field information used to represent the antenna port.
  • the network device schedules the waveform and the antenna port number of the UE, and can be carried in the high layer signaling to the UE. It is carried by, for example, signaling such as RRC signaling or MAC control signaling.
  • a MAC frame may include a frame header, a control element (English: Control Element; abbreviated as CE), and a service data unit (English: Service Data Unit; SDU for short).
  • CE can be used to carry waveform information and an antenna port number. The specific manner is similar to the DCI in the first possible design, and will not be described here.
  • one transmission mode indicates a plurality of waveforms
  • the UE may determine that the waveform used by the UE is one of multiple waveforms corresponding to the transmission mode, but the UE still needs to further Determine which waveform is specific.
  • network devices can implicitly indicate the type of waveform through the DCI format. For example, if the first DCI format corresponds to the OFDM waveform and the second DCI format corresponds to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform, the UE determines the type of the waveform by detecting the DCI after receiving the transmission mode. For example, on the other hand, the network device can implicitly indicate the type of the waveform by means of resource mapping of the data.
  • the resource mapping of data is a continuous resource block (English: Resource Block; RB for short) mapping, indicating that the waveform scheduled by the network device for the UE is a DFT-s-OFDM waveform;
  • the continuous resource block mapping indicates that the waveform scheduled by the network device for the UE is an OFDM waveform.
  • the UE may also need to acquire the waveform of the paired UE and the antenna port number, where the paired UE refers to other UEs scheduled to be on the same time-frequency resource location as the UE. For example, assume that a total of 4 UEs are scheduled on a particular resource block, each occupying one antenna port. For the UE, if the waveforms used by other UEs and the antenna port number can be obtained, it is more advantageous for the UE to perform interference estimation and cancellation.
  • the UE if it adopts the serial interference cancellation method, it needs to acquire the waveform of the paired UE, and then the signal of the paired UE can be solved to eliminate the interference generated by the signal of the paired UE.
  • the reference signal configuration scheme of the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform may be different.
  • the UE needs to acquire the waveform of the paired UE to reconstruct the reference signal of the paired UE and perform channel estimation, thereby eliminating the interference of the paired UE. .
  • the correspondence between the waveform and the antenna port is agreed by a protocol (or the UE is notified by higher layer signaling).
  • the UE can learn the waveform used by the paired UE by pairing the antenna port of the UE, and then reconstruct the reference signal of the paired UE according to the waveform, and perform channel estimation.
  • the number of antenna ports is limited, and the UE can traverse the antenna port according to the corresponding relationship or pair the antenna port of the UE. For example, assuming a total of four antenna ports, the first two ports can always transmit the reference signal of the OFDM waveform through protocol agreement (or by higher layer signaling), while the latter two ports always transmit the reference of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform. signal.
  • the UE can perform interference estimation and cancellation according to the correspondence between the waveform and the antenna port.
  • Step 102 The reference signal is transmitted between the network device and the UE according to the information of the waveform scheduled by the network device for the UE, the information of the antenna port, and the information of the resource block.
  • the UE transmits a reference signal to the network device.
  • the reference signal is generated by the UE according to the information of the waveform scheduled by the network device for the UE, the information of the antenna port, and the information of the resource block.
  • the reference signals of the downlink transmission or the uplink transmission are all carried on the time-frequency resources scheduled by the network device for the UE. That is to say, these reference signals need to be transmitted or received at the corresponding resource locations according to the indication of the resource mapping pattern of the reference signal and the information of the resource block.
  • a method for transmitting a reference signal provided by an embodiment of the present application is based on a frequency domain comb-like reference signal resource mapping pattern when applied to an OFDM waveform or a DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application applies the same reference signal resource mapping pattern to the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform, which reduces the system complexity and overhead; the method simultaneously satisfies the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform pair DMRS. Constraints and requirements, and can guarantee the performance of any of these waveforms.
  • the uplink uses OFDM waveform and DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • Designing DMRS for both waveforms allows the transmitter or receiver to adopt different processes when processing different waveforms, increasing the number of reusable modules. It helps to reduce the complexity of the transmitter and receiver. Moreover, the unified design makes it unnecessary for the system to repeatedly design two sets of signaling sets, and also enables one signaling to simultaneously transmit two types of waveform parameter information, thereby reducing signaling overhead.
  • the resource mapping patterns used by existing UEs to transmit or receive reference signals are respectively designed for OFDM waveforms or DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, and are not suitable for both waveforms.
  • the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform appear on the 5G uplink. Therefore, the resource mapping pattern used by the UE to transmit or receive the reference signal needs to satisfy the requirements of the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform at the same time.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a slot structure
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of another slot structure.
  • one time slot contains symbols of a plurality of OFDM waveforms or symbols of a plurality of DFT-s-OFDM waveforms.
  • the symbol of the OFDM waveform may refer to a symbol or an OFDM symbol using an OFDM waveform
  • the symbol of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform may refer to a symbol using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform or a DFT-s-OFDM symbol.
  • one slot contains 7 symbols; in Fig. 2, one slot contains 14 symbols. Some of the symbols are set as data symbols and are only used to transmit data.
  • the other symbols are set as reference signal symbols, which are mainly used to transmit DMRS, CSI-RS or SRS, but data can also be multiplexed.
  • the number of reference signal symbols is 1, but more time reference symbols can be included in the slot.
  • a grid structure of time-frequency resources can be further obtained.
  • a continuous time domain signal can be divided into a number of time-frequency resource grids for both an OFDM waveform or a DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • the smallest unit of the time domain resource is a symbol
  • the smallest unit of the frequency domain resource is a sub-carrier.
  • the minimum scheduling granularity is a resource block, and one resource block includes L symbols and K subcarriers, where L and K are both positive integers greater than 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a grid structure of a time-frequency resource. As shown in FIG. 3, resource block k contains 14 symbols and 12 subcarriers.
  • the method for transmitting and receiving DMRS shared by OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM proposed in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to the slot structure and the time-frequency resource grid structure, and satisfy the OFDM waveform and the DFT-s-OFDM waveform reference signal.
  • Different requirements. The following takes a resource block as an example to further describe the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping of a reference signal of a single antenna port.
  • the reference signal of the antenna port m is mapped to the resource unit set p, that is, all the resource elements marked as p in FIG.
  • the resource unit set p+1 refers to all resource elements marked as p+1 in the resource mapping pattern, and so on, and the resource unit set p+2 or more resource unit sets can be obtained.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping pattern of a reference signal of a dual antenna port. As shown in FIG. 4, the antenna port m and the antenna port m+1 can jointly occupy the time-frequency position set p to transmit the reference signal.
  • the reference signals of different antenna ports occupying the same time-frequency position are orthogonalized by code division multiplexing. Different antenna ports can also occupy different time-frequency resources, but all are uniformly mapped in the frequency domain.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping pattern of a reference signal of a dual antenna port. As shown in FIG.
  • the reference signal of the antenna port m is mapped to the resource unit set p, and the reference signal of the antenna port m+1 is mapped to the resource unit set p+1, such that the reference signal of the antenna port m and the antenna port m+
  • the reference signal of 1 is orthogonal by frequency division multiplexing.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping pattern of a reference signal of a DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • the resource blocks allocated to the UE are continuous in the frequency domain. That is, for the reference symbols of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform, it is uniformly mapped in the frequency domain within one resource block, such as the resource unit set p of the reference signal shown in FIG.
  • the plurality of resource blocks should be consecutive resource blocks, such as resource block k and resource block k+1 shown in FIG. 6.
  • the sequence of reference signals at this time may employ a time domain low PAPR sequence, such as a ZC sequence or CGS.
  • a time domain low PAPR sequence such as a ZC sequence or CGS.
  • the low PAPR sequence means that the PAPR of the sequence is close to the PAPR of the symbol of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform modulated by Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK).
  • QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a time domain waveform of a low PAPR sequence in continuous and discrete mapping in the frequency domain.
  • the sequence of reference signals is S i , where i is a sequence index.
  • S i is continuously mapped in the frequency domain
  • its corresponding time domain waveform is s(t)
  • s(Nt) When S i is uniformly and discretely mapped in the frequency domain with N subcarriers, the corresponding time domain waveform is s(Nt). It can be seen from FIG. 7 that it is still a low PAPR waveform. Therefore, the reference signal of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform using the low PAPR sequence still has low PAPR characteristics when uniformly mapped in the frequency domain.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of reference signal mapping of an OFDM waveform.
  • the resource blocks allocated to the UE may be continuous or discrete in the frequency domain.
  • the reference signal sequence may or may not be a low PAPR sequence.
  • the reference signal can be frequency division multiplexed with the data. That is to say, when the waveform is an OFDM waveform, the resource elements indicated by gray in FIG. 8 can be inserted if they are not occupied by the reference signals of other antenna ports.
  • the waveform is DFT-s-OFDM
  • the resource element identified by the gray in Fig. 8 cannot insert data at any time. If data is inserted, the low PAPR characteristics of the DFT-s-OFDM will be corrupted, resulting in a significant deterioration in the single carrier performance of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • the reference signal sequence to which the OFDM waveform or the DFT-s-OFDM waveform is applied may adopt the same low PAPR sequence (such as ZC sequence or CGS), or may use different sequences (where DFT-s-OFDM is still used) Domain low PAPR sequence). Since the channel estimation method in a single resource block is independent of the type of the waveform, when the two waveforms use the same sequence, in the case of a known reference signal sequence, the receiving end can directly estimate the interference waveform without knowing the interference waveform. Channel to facilitate interference cancellation. When the two waveforms use different reference signal sequences, the receiving end can judge the waveform by blind detection of the reference signal sequence, which is advantageous for data demodulation of unauthorized (English: grant-free) access. Therefore, both configurations have their application scenarios.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application can ensure that the transmission of the reference signal does not destroy the low PAPR characteristic of the waveform; and when the user adopts the OFDM waveform, the method can ensure the reference signal. Reuse with data.
  • the method can support multiple antenna ports, so that multiple orthogonal antenna ports can be distinguished within one frequency domain resource block, which reduces the granularity of frequency domain scheduling and increases the flexibility of MIMO pairing. That is to say, the orthogonality of the antenna ports is realized within one resource block, and there is no previous "continuous and symmetric resource” constraint, so the flexibility is increased.
  • the following takes the resource mapping pattern of the reference signal scheduled by the base station for the UE as an example, and further describes the embodiment of the present application.
  • the base station simultaneously schedules the uplink transmission of the UE1 and the UE2 on the same time-frequency resource as an example, and the resource mapping pattern of the reference signal provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail.
  • the UE1 adopts a DFT-s-OFDM waveform
  • the UE2 adopts an OFDM waveform.
  • the base station may perform this operation for different purposes, such as:
  • cell throughput is improved by simultaneously scheduling two UEs.
  • the channels of the two UEs have a lower correlation and orthogonal precoding can be used for transmission.
  • the signals of the two UEs can be transmitted in an overlapping manner.
  • the channels of the two UEs are not required to have low correlation, and the data of the two UEs can be recovered by the non-linear receiver.
  • neighboring cells schedule two UEs on the same time-frequency resource, and they have different waveforms.
  • a receiver with interference suppression capability such as Interference Rejection Combining (IRC) receiver or Serial Interference Cancellation (SIC) receiver, can be used. Wait.
  • IRC Interference Rejection Combining
  • SIC Serial Interference Cancellation
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of resource mapping of reference signals of UE1 and UE2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • UE1 occupies a reference signal resource unit set p
  • UE2 occupies a reference signal resource unit set p+2.
  • the mapping of the reference signal of UE1 is on the resource unit set p, which is comb-like in the frequency domain.
  • FIG. 9 shows three consecutive resource blocks (English: Resource Block; RB for short).
  • UE1 is scheduled on three consecutive RBs, and its reference signal occupies frequency domain resources of three consecutive RBs at even intervals.
  • the sequence of the reference signal of UE1 is a time domain low PAPR sequence.
  • UE2 After being mapped at even intervals, it is still low PAPR in the time domain.
  • UE2 is scheduled on resource block k and resource block k+2, its reference signal occupies the resource unit set p+2 on the two resource blocks, and the resource block without resource scheduling (ie resource block k+) 1) On, do not send its reference signal symbol.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of resource mapping of reference signals of UE1, UE2, and UE3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the base station simultaneously schedules three UEs, wherein UE1 and UE3 adopt DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, and UE2 adopts OFDM waveforms.
  • the scheduling resources of UE1 and UE3 are completely overlapped, and the resource units in which their reference signals are located may completely overlap, as shown in FIG. 10, all resource elements marked with p. It can be seen that the mapping of the reference signals of UE1 and UE3 is on the resource unit set p, which is comb-like in the frequency domain.
  • UE1 and UE3 use different sequences of reference signals to implement code division orthogonality. For example, they use orthogonal sequences generated by different cyclic shifts of the same ZC sequence, so that UEs can also be estimated separately at the receiving end. Channel.
  • the UE adopting the DFT-s-OFDM waveform can transmit the reference signal in the same resource unit set, and the number of multiplexed UEs can be increased.
  • the minimum frequency domain resource granularity that the network device can schedule is defined as a block.
  • a block can be a resource block or multiple resource blocks.
  • a subsequence of a UE's reference signal sequence on each block may employ a time domain low PAPR sequence.
  • the frequency domain resources of these UEs do not need to be completely symmetric, and in each block, the frequency domain resources of different UEs are symmetric, so different UEs correspond.
  • the subsequences can be orthogonalized by code division multiplexing.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of resource mapping of reference signals of UE1, UE2, and UE3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the base station simultaneously schedules three UEs, wherein UE1, UE2, and UE3 both adopt DFT-s-OFDM waveforms.
  • the mapping of the reference signal of UE1 is on the resource unit set p, which is comb-like in the frequency domain.
  • the reference signal of UE2 is mapped on the resource element labeled p of resource block k, and these resource elements are also comb-like, and UE3 is similarly available.
  • a block be a resource block
  • Figure 3 shows three resource blocks, that is, three blocks.
  • UE1 occupies three blocks, and the sequence of its reference signal consists of three sub-sequences (such as subsequence 1, sub-sequence Sequence 2 and subsequence 3) are constructed, while UE2 and UE3 occupy only one block, and the sequence of their respective reference signals contains only one subsequence.
  • resource block k the sequence of the sub-sequence 1 of UE1 and the reference signal of UE2 are orthogonal by code division multiplexing; and in resource block k+1, the sequence of the reference signal of subsequence 2 and UE3 of UE1 passes the code division. Multiplexing orthogonal.
  • the occupied resources of UE1 and UE2, UE1 and UE3 only partially overlap.
  • UEs using DFT-s-OFDM waveforms with asymmetric frequency domain resources may also use the same set of resource elements to transmit reference signals.
  • This embodiment further describes the present application from the perspective of channel estimation by the receiving end.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of resource mapping of reference signals of UE1 and UE2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • UE1 adopts a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and uses a resource unit set p to transmit a reference signal
  • UE2 uses an OFDM waveform, and uses a resource unit set p+2 to transmit a reference signal.
  • the mapping of the reference signal of UE1 is on the resource unit set p, which is comb-like in the frequency domain.
  • the UE1 and the UE2 both occupy a plurality of consecutive frequency domain resource blocks.
  • the receiving end For UE1 adopting DFT-s-OFDM waveform, the receiving end performs joint channel estimation of multiple resource blocks; for UE2 adopting OFDM waveform, unless there is signaling, the receiving end performs segmentation channel estimation on a resource block by block.
  • a UE adopting an OFDM waveform may be precoded with a resource block as a granularity, which will destroy the continuity of a frequency domain channel, and thus a channel of a UE adopting an OFDM waveform is discontinuous in many cases;
  • UEs employing DFT-s-OFDM waveforms use the same precoding matrix throughout the frequency band, so that the frequency domain continuity of the channel is maintained.
  • This embodiment further describes the present application from the perspective of variable density reference signal resource mapping.
  • the reference signal resource maps may have different densities in the frequency domain depending on factors such as channel conditions or transmission load.
  • the density refers to the ratio of the frequency domain resource occupied by the reference signal to the entire frequency domain resource.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping pattern of reference signals of different densities.
  • a lower reference signal density can be employed, as shown in (3) of FIG.
  • data symbols can be inserted on resource elements between reference signals to achieve the purpose of reducing reference signal overhead.
  • the resource unit set p shown in (1) in FIG. 13 is uniform and not discrete, but the resource unit set p can still satisfy the requirements of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform and the OFDM waveform.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of reference signal resource mapping in multiple MIMO scenarios according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Any of these antenna ports may employ an OFDM waveform or a DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • the reference signal resource elements in FIG. 14 set the reference signals on sets p and p+1 to be orthogonal in the frequency domain. As can be seen from Fig. 14, the resource unit set p, p+1, p+2 or p+3 is comb-like in the frequency domain.
  • This embodiment gives an example for explaining a multiplexing method of a DFT-s-OFDM waveform and a reference signal corresponding to an OFDM waveform.
  • the number of antenna ports corresponding to the OFDM waveform is the first number
  • the reference signals transmitted by the first number of antenna ports are orthogonalized by orthogonal codes in the frequency domain, where the first number is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the antenna ports corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform are the second number
  • the reference signals transmitted by the second number of antenna ports are orthogonalized in the frequency domain by orthogonal codes, where the second number is greater than 1.
  • the antenna port corresponding to the OFDM waveform refers to an antenna port that uses a OFDM waveform to transmit a reference signal
  • the antenna port corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform refers to an antenna port that uses a DFT-s-OFDM waveform to transmit a reference signal.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping pattern of a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the resource unit sets p+1 and p+2 are comb-like in the frequency domain, and they respectively correspond to one antenna port, and are scheduled for use by UEs that use DFT-s-OFDM waveforms to transmit or receive reference signals;
  • the set of resource elements p is scheduled for use by UEs that transmit or receive reference signals using OFDM waveforms.
  • the resource unit set p is composed of a plurality of basic units composed of two consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • the reference signal may be orthogonalized using an orthogonal code on the basic unit formed by the two consecutive subcarriers, so that the reference signals on the basic unit formed by the two consecutive subcarriers do not interfere with each other.
  • the orthogonal signal ⁇ [1 1], [1-1] ⁇ can be used to orthogonalize the reference signal symbols.
  • the orthogonal code corresponding to one antenna port is [1 1]
  • the two symbols after orthogonalization are still s1 and s2
  • the orthogonal code of the other antenna port is [1-1]
  • orthogonalization The two symbols after processing are s1 and -s2.
  • the resource unit set p combines two different orthogonal codes, which can be allocated to two antenna ports, and the reference signals transmitted by the two antenna ports do not interfere with each other, so that the two antenna ports can be scheduled to different ones.
  • the network device sends information of the first antenna port scheduled by the network device to the UE to the first UE, sends information of the second antenna port to the second UE, and sends information of the third antenna port to the third UE, Sending information of the fourth antenna port to the fourth UE, where the resource for transmitting the reference signal of the first UE in the resource mapping pattern indicated by the first antenna port is the resource unit set p+1 in FIG.
  • the resource for transmitting the reference signal of the second UE in the resource mapping pattern indicated by the second antenna port is the resource unit set p+2 in FIG. 15; in the resource mapping pattern indicated by the third antenna port
  • the resource for transmitting the reference signal of the third UE is the resource unit set p in FIG. 15;
  • the resource for transmitting the reference signal of the fourth UE in the resource mapping pattern indicated by the fourth antenna port is a graph a set of resource elements p in 15; the third antenna port and the fourth antenna port are orthogonal by orthogonal codes.
  • the reference signal of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform corresponds to two antenna ports, and the reference signal of the OFDM waveform corresponds to an orthogonal code of length 2 as an example.
  • the reference signal of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform may have more or less antenna ports, and the reference signal of the OFDM waveform may have more or less orthogonal code lengths.
  • the design can be carried out in the same or similar manner as above.
  • the resource element set p+2 has a comb structure that can be scheduled for use with reference signals that use DFT-s-OFDM waveforms.
  • the resource unit sets p and p+1 are both used to transmit reference signals of the OFDM waveform.
  • the reference signal of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform on one resource block corresponds to one antenna port
  • the reference signal of the OFDM waveform corresponds to an orthogonal code length of 3. It is also possible to extend the design of resource mapping patterns to multiple resource blocks by the same or similar design methods.
  • This embodiment gives an example for explaining a multiplexing method of a DFT-s-OFDM waveform and a reference signal corresponding to an OFDM waveform.
  • the network device can assign any type of waveform to any one of the antenna ports.
  • the mapping manner of the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform in the frequency domain may be comb-like.
  • the mapping manner of the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform in the frequency domain and the reference signal corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform are mapped in the frequency domain.
  • “identical” means that the resource elements of the reference signal map corresponding to the OFDM waveform are arranged in the same manner as the resource elements of the reference signal map corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • the resource elements specifically occupied by the two reference signals may have parallel displacements in the frequency domain.
  • the number of antenna ports corresponding to the OFDM waveform is the first number
  • the reference signals transmitted by the first number of antenna ports are orthogonalized by orthogonal codes in the frequency domain, where the first number is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the antenna ports corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform are the second number
  • the reference signals transmitted by the second number of antenna ports are orthogonalized in the frequency domain by orthogonal codes, where the second number is greater than 1.
  • the antenna port corresponding to the OFDM waveform refers to an antenna port that uses a OFDM waveform to transmit a reference signal
  • the antenna port corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform refers to an antenna port that uses a DFT-s-OFDM waveform to transmit a reference signal.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a resource mapping pattern of a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • each of the resource unit sets p and p+1 has a comb structure having a density of 1/2.
  • orthogonalization processing of orthogonal codes of length 2 (which may be other lengths, for example, length 3) is performed on both reference signals transmitted on resource element sets p and p+1.
  • every two resource units of the resource unit set p are orthogonalized for one basic unit, and the resource unit set p can be divided into three basic units.
  • the two subcarriers subjected to the orthogonalization processing are not continuous in the frequency domain.
  • the resource unit sets p and p+1 and two different orthogonal codes can be allocated for use by 4 antenna ports.
  • the network device sends information of the first antenna port scheduled by the network device to the UE to the first UE, sends information of the second antenna port to the second UE, and sends information of the third antenna port to the third UE, Transmitting the information of the fourth antenna port to the fourth UE, where the resource for transmitting the reference signal of the first UE in the resource mapping pattern indicated by the first antenna port is the resource unit set p in FIG.
  • the resource for transmitting the reference signal of the second UE in the resource mapping pattern indicated by the second antenna port is the resource unit set p in FIG. 16; the resource mapping pattern indicated by the third antenna port is used in the transmission
  • the present embodiment is exemplified by a comb structure having a density of 1/2 of a resource unit set, and the methods disclosed in the present embodiment are equally applicable to other densities.
  • the density of the resource unit set is 1/n
  • the resource unit set p, p+1...p+(n-1) can be obtained, wherein each resource unit set contains m resource units, and then m
  • the resource units perform orthogonalization processing of length m. For example, taking the 4-port configuration 1 in FIG. 14 as an example, if the resource unit set p in this case is subjected to orthogonalization processing of length 3, the resource unit set p can be allocated to three antenna ports for use.
  • the 4-port configuration can be extended to a 6-port configuration at this time.
  • the antenna port configuration in this case can be further extended to the 8-port configuration. Different ports can be scheduled for use by different UEs, so that the number of UEs that can be supported by reference symbols on one resource block can be increased.
  • the number of symbols and the number of subcarriers of one resource block may be more or less. Therefore, the method provided by the present application can be extended to resource blocks having other symbol numbers or subcarrier numbers by the same or similar design as above.
  • FBMC Filter Bank Multicarrier
  • UW Unique Word
  • the method for transmitting a reference signal and related signaling provided by the embodiment of the present application are introduced from the perspective of a network device and a UE.
  • the UE and the network device include corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for performing the respective functions in order to implement the above functions.
  • the present application can be implemented in a combination of hardware or hardware and computer software in combination with the elements and algorithm steps of the various examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is implemented in hardware or computer software to drive hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each particular application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device involved in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the network device shown in FIG. 17 includes a transceiver 1701, a controller/processor 1702.
  • the transceiver 1701 may be configured to support transmission and reception of information between the network device and the UE in the foregoing embodiment, and support radio communication between the UE and other UEs.
  • the controller/processor 1702 can be used to perform various functions for communicating with a UE or other network device.
  • the uplink signal from the UE is received via the antenna, coordinated by the transceiver 1701, and further processed by the controller/processor 1702 to recover the traffic data and signaling information transmitted by the UE.
  • traffic data and signaling messages are processed by controller/processor 1702 and mediated by transceiver 1701 to generate downlink signals for transmission to the UE via the antenna.
  • the transceiver 1701 is configured to send, to the UE, information about a waveform scheduled by the UE, information of an antenna port, and information of a resource block, and a reference signal used for transmission with the UE.
  • the controller/processor 1702 can be configured to generate information of waveforms scheduled for the UE, information of antenna ports, and information of resource blocks.
  • the waveform includes an OFDM waveform or a DFT-s-OFDM waveform; the antenna port indicates a resource mapping pattern used by the UE to transmit or receive the reference signal.
  • the antenna port also indicates information such as a reference signal sequence and/or an orthogonal code.
  • the resource mapping pattern refers to the position of the reference signal on the time-frequency resource
  • the reference signal sequence refers to the sequence used to construct the reference signal
  • the orthogonal code refers to the code used when the reference signals of different antenna ports are used.
  • codes applied orthogonally to each other on different antenna ports when sub-multiplexing, codes applied orthogonally to each other on different antenna ports.
  • the reference signal corresponding to the DFT-s-OFDM waveform is combed in the frequency domain, and the reference signal corresponding to the OFDM waveform is mapped in the DFT-s-OFDM waveform. On the mapped resource.
  • mapping method in the frequency domain is comb-like refers to uniform discrete mapping in the frequency domain.
  • the resource mapping pattern used by the UE may be any one of the foregoing. For details, refer to the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not described herein.
  • Figure 17 only shows a simplified design of the network device.
  • the network device may include any number of transmitters, receivers, processors, controllers, memories, communication units, etc., and all network devices that can implement the present application are within the scope of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a simplified schematic diagram of a possible design structure of a UE involved in the embodiment of the present application, where the UE may be one of the UEs mentioned above.
  • the UE includes a transceiver 1801, a controller/processor 1802, and may also include a memory 1803 and a modem processor 1804.
  • Transceiver 1801 conditions (e.g., analog transforms, filters, amplifies, and upconverts, etc.) the output samples and generates an uplink signal that is transmitted via an antenna to the base station described in the above embodiments.
  • the antenna receives the downlink signal transmitted by the base station in the above embodiment.
  • Transceiver 1801 conditions (eg, filters, amplifies, downconverts, digitizes, etc.) the signals received from the antenna and provides input samples.
  • encoder 18041 receives the traffic data and signaling messages to be transmitted on the uplink and processes (e.g., formats, codes, and interleaves) the traffic data and signaling messages.
  • Modulator 18042 further processes (e.g., symbol maps and modulates) the encoded traffic data and signaling messages and provides output samples.
  • Demodulator 18044 processes (e.g., demodulates) the input samples and provides symbol estimates.
  • the decoder 18043 processes (e.g., deinterleaves and decodes) the symbol estimate and provides decoded data and signaling messages that are sent to the UE.
  • Encoder 18041, modulator 18042, demodulator 18044, and decoder 18043 may be implemented by a composite modem processor 1804. These units are processed according to the radio access technology employed by the radio access network (e.g., access technologies of LTE and other evolved systems).
  • the controller/processor 1802 performs control management on the actions of the UE for performing the processing performed by the UE in the above embodiment.
  • the referenced signal, the interference estimation, and the cancellation may be referred to.
  • the transceiver 1801 is configured to receive information of a waveform transmitted by the network device, information of an antenna port, and information of a resource block, and a reference signal used for transmission with the network device.
  • the controller/processor for performing the above UE or base station of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA). Or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It is possible to implement or carry out the various illustrative logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the present disclosure.
  • the processor may also be a combination of computing functions, for example, including one or more microprocessor combinations, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and the like.
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be implemented by a processing module, and the transceiver may be implemented by a transceiver module.
  • the steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the present disclosure may be implemented in a hardware or may be implemented by a processor executing software instructions.
  • the software instructions may be comprised of corresponding software modules that may be stored in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable hard disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage well known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor to enable the processor to read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor.
  • the processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. Additionally, the ASIC can be located in the user equipment.
  • the processor and the storage medium may also reside as discrete components in the user equipment.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transferred from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be from a website site, computer, server or data center Transfer to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer readable storage medium can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that includes one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state disk (SSD)).

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种一种传输参考信号的方法，包括：网络设备向用户设备UE发送所述网络设备为所述UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息，所述波形包括OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形，所述天线端口指示所述UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样；在所述资源映射图样的一个符号内，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射在DFT-s-OFDM波形未映射的频域资源上；根据所述波形的信息、所述天线端口的信息以及所述资源块的信息，所述网络设备在所述资源块上向所述UE发送或从所述UE接收参考信号。

Description

一种传输参考信号的方法以及设备
本申请要求于2017年1月9日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710014450.X、发明名称为“一种传输参考信号的方法以及设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种一种传输参考信号的方法以及设备。
背景技术
正交频分复用(英文：Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing；简称：OFDM)以及离散傅里叶变换扩展正交频分复用(英文：Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-OFDM；简称：DFT-s-OFDM)是无线通信中的两种典型波形。其中，OFDM是一种多载波波形，具有抗多径能力强，频分复用方式灵活等优势，但其缺点为峰均功率比(英文：Peak to Average Power Ratio；简称：PAPR)过高。DFT-s-OFDM在OFDM的快速傅里叶逆变换(英文：Inverse Fast Fourier Transform；简称：IFFT)之前引入了离散傅里叶变换(英文：Discrete Fourier Transform；简称：DFT)扩展，在继承了OFDM多种优势的前提下，提供了远低于OFDM的PAPR，虽然DFT-s-OFDM引入了OFDM的子载波处理过程，但其本质是一种单载波波形。
新一代无线通信标准——5G的上行链路决定同时采用OFDM与DFT-s-OFDM两种波形。其中，OFDM波形能在高信噪比场景下提供更高的***容量，适用于小区中心用户；而DFT-s-OFDM波形具有低PAPR的特征，能使得功放的输出功率更高，因此可提供更广的覆盖范围，适用于覆盖受限的小区边缘用户。
为顺利接收数据与控制信息，解调参考信号(英文：Demodulation Reference Signal；简称：DMRS)必不可少。OFDM与DFT-s-OFDM混合波形的场景对DMRS发射与接收提出了新的需求与约束，例如：DMRS不应影响OFDM的频域调度灵活性、DMRS不应破坏DFT-s-OFDM的低PAPR特性以及DMRS应支持任意波形组合的多用户多输入多输出(英文：Multi-input Multi-output；简称：MIMO)传输。
在LTE上行的DMRS发送方案中，LTE上行采用的波形为DFT-s-OFDM。为了保持和DFT-s-OFDM数据符号同样的低PAPR特性，LTE上行DMRS在频域子载波连续映射，且采用的序列在变换至时域后具有低PAPR特性。例如，LTE上行DMRS采用的序列包括ZC(英文：Zadoff Chu)序列以及复数Gold序列(英文：Complex Gold Sequence；简称：CGS)。为了支持不同天线端口参考信号的正交映射，LTE上行DMRS采用频域的码分复用技术。
在LTE下行的DMRS发送方案中，LTE下行采用的波形为OFDM，DMRS在时域与频域离散映射。为了支持不同天线端口参考信号的正交映射，LTE下行DMRS采用频 分复用及时域码分复用技术。
综上，LTE上行的DMRS在频域连续映射，若将其应用于OFDM波形，则无法与数据复用，从而导致频谱效率降低。LTE上行的DMRS通过在相同频域资源上的码分复用来支持多天线端口并行传输，而码分复用要求相同长度的序列才能实现正交。此外，为了保证低PAPR特性，LTE的上行DMRS要求在频域上必须是连续的。因此，如果在5G上行中采用LTE的上行DMRS，则可能降低了资源调度的灵活性，导致小区吞吐量的下降。LTE下行的DMRS在时频域离散映射，数据与DMRS在单个OFDM符号内复用。但是，它采用序列不具备时域低PAPR特性，因此，这种发送方式无法应用至DFT-s-OFDM波形。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种传输参考信号的方法以及设备。该方法提供了OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号的资源映射图案，有利于降低应用这两种波形场景下的信令开销与***复杂度。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种传输参考信号的方法，包括：网络设备向用户设备UE发送所述网络设备为所述UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息，所述波形包括OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形，所述天线端口指示所述UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样；在所述资源映射图样的一个符号内，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射在DFT-s-OFDM波形未映射的频域资源上；根据所述波形的信息、所述天线端口的信息以及所述资源块的信息，所述网络设备在所述资源块上向所述UE发送或从所述UE接收参考信号。该方法将相同的参考信号资源映射图样应用于OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形，降低了***复杂度与开销；该方法同时满足OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形对DMRS的约束与要求，并且可以保证其中任意一种波形的性能。
在一种可能的设计中，所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的。这样OFDM波形的参考信号和DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号具有类似的资源映射图样，则UE在不需要知道配对UE的波形类型的情况下，就可以知道配对UE的资源映射图样，进而可以进行干扰估计和消除。
在一种可能的设计中，所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式和所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是相同的。该方法可以方便接收端对参考信号进行盲检测，从而恢复参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，当所述与OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第一数量个时，所述第一数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中所述第一数量为大于1的正整数。该方法在单个资源块内可区分多个天线端口，降低了资源调度的粒度，同时提高了调度的灵活性。
在一种可能的设计中，当所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第二数量个时，所述第二数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中 所述第二数量为大于1的正整数。该方法在单个资源块内可区分多个天线端口，降低了资源调度的粒度，同时提高了调度的灵活性。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述网络设备向所述UE发送所述UE的配对UE的波形的信息和天线端口的信息。从而使得所述UE可以更有效地进行干扰消除。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种参考信号的发送与接收方法，包括：从网络设备接收所述网络设备为用户设备UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息，所述波形包括OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形，所述天线端口指示所述UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样；在所述资源映射图样的一个符号内，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射在DFT-s-OFDM波形未映射的频域资源上；根据所述波形的信息、所述天线端口的信息以及所述资源块的信息，所述UE在所述资源块上向所述网络发送或从所述网络接收参考信号。该方法将相同的参考信号资源映射图样应用于OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形，降低了***复杂度与开销；该方法同时满足OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形对DMRS的约束与要求，并且可以保证其中任意一种波形的性能。
在一种可能的设计中，所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的。
在一种可能的设计中，所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式和所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是相同的。该方法可以方便接收端对参考信号进行盲检测，从而恢复参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，当所述与OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第一数量个时，所述第一数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中所述第一数量为大于1的正整数。该方法在单个资源块内可区分多个天线端口，降低了资源调度的粒度，同时提高了调度的灵活性。
在一种可能的设计中，当所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第二数量个时，所述第二数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中所述第二数量为大于1的正整数。该方法在单个资源块内可区分多个天线端口，降低了资源调度的粒度，同时提高了调度的灵活性。
在一种可能的设计中，所述方法还包括：所述UE从所述网络设备接收所述UE的配对UE的波形的信息和天线端口的信息。从而使得所述UE可以更有效地进行干扰消除。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种网络设备。该网络设备包括：收发器，用于向用户设备UE发送所述网络设备为所述UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息。其中，所述波形包括OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形，所述天线端口指示所述UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样；在所述资源映射图样的一个符号内，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射在DFT-s-OFDM波形未映射的频域资源上。进一步地，所述收发器还用于根据所述波形的信息、所述天线端口的信息以及所述资源块的信息，在所述资源块上向所述UE发送或从所述UE接收参考信号。该方法将相同的参考信号资源映射图样应 用于OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形，降低了***复杂度与开销；该方法同时满足OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形对DMRS的约束与要求，并且可以保证其中任意一种波形的性能。
在一种可能的设计中，所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的。
在一种可能的设计中，所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式和所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是相同的。该方法可以方便接收端对参考信号进行盲检测，从而恢复参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，当所述与OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第一数量个时，所述第一数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中所述第一数量为大于1的正整数。该方法在单个资源块内可区分多个天线端口，降低了资源调度的粒度，同时提高了调度的灵活性。
在一种可能的设计中，当所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第二数量个时，所述第二数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中所述第二数量为大于1的正整数。该方法在单个资源块内可区分多个天线端口，降低了资源调度的粒度，同时提高了调度的灵活性。
在一种可能的设计中，所述收发器还用于向所述UE发送所述UE的配对UE的波形的信息和天线端口的信息。从而使得所述UE可以更有效地进行干扰消除。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供一种用户设备。该设备包括：收发器，用于从网络设备接收所述网络设备为用户设备UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息，所述波形包括OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形，所述天线端口指示所述UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样；在所述资源映射图样的一个符号内，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射在DFT-s-OFDM波形未映射的频域资源上。进一步地，所述收发器还用于根据所述波形的信息、所述天线端口的信息以及所述资源块的信息，在所述资源块上向所述网络发送或从所述网络接收参考信号。该方法将相同的参考信号资源映射图样应用于OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形，降低了***复杂度与开销；该方法同时满足OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形对DMRS的约束与要求，并且可以保证其中任意一种波形的性能。
在一种可能的设计中，所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的。
在一种可能的设计中，所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式和所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是相同的。该方法可以方便接收端对参考信号进行盲检测，从而恢复参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，当所述与OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第一数量个时，所述第一数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中所述第一数量为大于1的正整数。该方法在单个资源块内可区分多个天线端口，降低了资源调 度的粒度，同时提高了调度的灵活性。
在一种可能的设计中，当所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第二数量个时，所述第二数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中所述第二数量为大于1的正整数。该方法在单个资源块内可区分多个天线端口，降低了资源调度的粒度，同时提高了调度的灵活性。
在一种可能的设计中，所述收发器还用于从所述网络设备接收所述UE的配对UE的波形的信息和天线端口的信息。从而使得所述UE可以更有效地进行干扰消除。
进一步地，在上述四个方面中，采用所述DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号的序列为Zadoff-Chu序列或复数Gold序列CGS。采用所述OFDM波形的参考信号与数据频分复用。波形的信息、天线端口的信息或资源块的信息可以携带在下行控制信息DCI、RRC信令或MAC控制信令中。所述参考信号为解调参考信号DMRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS或探测参考信号SRS。
再一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，用于储存为上述网络设备或UE所用的计算机软件指令，其包含用于执行上述方法所设计的程序。
附图说明
下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供了一种传输参考信号的方法的流程示意图；
图2为一种时隙结构示意图；
图2a为另一种时隙结构示意图；
图3为一种时频资源的栅格结构示意图；
图4为一种单天线端口的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图；
图5为一种双天线端口的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图；
图6为一种DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图；
图7为一种低PAPR序列在频域的连续与离散映射时的时域波形示意图；
图8为一种OFDM波形的参考信号映射示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种UE1和UE2的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种UE1、UE2和UE3的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种UE1、UE2和UE3的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种UE1和UE2的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图；
图13为不同密度的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的多种MIMO场景下的参考信号资源映射示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的一种参考信号的资源映射图样示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的一种参考信号的资源映射图样示意图；
图17为本申请实施例中所涉及的网络设备的一种可能的结构示意图；
图18为本申请实施例中所涉及的UE的一种可能的设计结构的简化示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
应理解，本申请实施例中的网络设备(例如基站)是一种部署在无线接入网中用以为UE提供无线通信功能的装置。其可以包括各种形式的宏基站，微基站(也称为小站)，中继站，接入点等。在采用不同的无线接入技术的***中，具备基站功能的设备的名称可能会有所不同，例如，在LTE***中，称为演进的节点B(英文：evolved NodeB；简称：eNB或者eNodeB),在第三代(英文：3rd generation；简称：3G)***中，称为节点B(英文：Node B)，在未来新无线(New Radio，NR)网络中，称为gNB等。为方便描述，本申请所有实施例中，上述为UE提供无线通信功能的装置统称为基站。本申请实施例中的UE可以指终端，具体包括但不限于移动台(英文：Mobile Station；简称：MS)、移动终端(英文：Mobile Terminal)、移动电话(英文：Mobile Telephone)、手机(英文：handset)、便携设备(英文：portable equipment)、以及具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备以及未来新无线(New Radio，NR)网络中的终端设备等。
在上行或下行传输中，UE可能使用OFDM波形进行传输，也可能使用DFT-s-OFDM波形进行传输。对于波形的调度可能由UE触发，也可能由网络设备触发，但都需要由网络设备通知UE波形调度的结果。波形选择的主要依据是UE是否是覆盖受限的。其中，覆盖受限包括但不限于该UE的信号传输受到传播损耗的严重影响，接收信号强度较低，难以维持通信或者只能维持较低速率的通信。也就是说，波形选择的主要依据是UE是否能够很好地与网络设备进行通信。其中一种可实现的方法是，网络设备监测UE的上行传输信道的信道质量。当该信道质量低于某个门限时，判断则可以认为UE处于覆盖受限场景，进而网络设备可以为UE调度DFT-s-OFDM波形。相反的，当UE的信道质量高于某个门限时，则可以认为UE不处于覆盖受限场景，进而给网络设备可以为UE调度OFDM波形。当然，网络设备也可以采用其他的技术手段来判断UE是否处于覆盖受限场景，对此本申请实施例不作限定。
进一步地，网络设备还需通知UE调度的天线端口。这样，UE可以根据调度的天线端口所对应的参考信号的资源单元映射图案，在相应的资源单元上进行参考信号的发送或接收。具体地，UE可以根据网络设备为UE调度的波形在相应的资源单元上进行参考信号的发送或接收。其中，参考信号包括DMRS、信道状态信息参考信号(英文：Channel State Information-Reference Signals；简称：CSI-RS以及探测参考信号(英文：Sounding  Reference Signal；简称：SRS)。因此，在本申请实施例中，网络设备需要通知UE其为该UE调度的波形以及天线端口，从而使得该UE可以根据调度的波形发送或接收参考信号。基于此，本申请实施例提供了一种传输参考信号的方法。图1为该方法的流程示意图。如图1所示，该方法包括：
步骤101：网络设备向UE发送该网络设备为该UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息。
其中，该波形包括OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形；该天线端口指示UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样。进一步地，该天线端口还指示参考信号序列和/或正交码等信息。所述资源映射图样指的是参考信号在时频资源上的位置，参考信号序列指的是构成该参考信号所采用的序列，正交码指的是当不同天线端口的参考信号之间采用码分复用时，不同天线端口上所应用的互相之间具有正交性的码。其中，在该资源映射图样的一个符号内，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射在DFT-s-OFDM波形未映射的资源上。其中，在频域的映射方式是梳状的是指在频域均匀离散映射或者在频域等间隔映射，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号是指采用DFT-s-OFDM波形进行传输的参考信号，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号是指采用OFDM波形进行传输的参考信号。
进一步地，天线端口可以由天线端口号来指示。天线端口号是一种逻辑的概念，它可以通过特定的参考信号的资源映射图样、参考信号序列等来定义。一般来说，在相同天线端口上传输的数据和参考信号，可以认为它们传输过程中经历的信道是一致的。例如：在天线端口i上发送的数据，可以通过在天线端口i上发送的参考信号得到的信道估计结果进行数据的恢复。
需要说明的是，波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息可以分别携带不同的信令中发送给UE，当然也可以携带在相同的信令中发送给UE，或其中两个信息携带在同一个信令中发送给UE，这需要根据网络设备的调度来确定。例如，波形的信息的调度周期可能较长，而天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息的调度周期可能较短。因此也可以将天线端口的信息与资源块的信息在同一个信令中发送，当需要更新波形的信息时，再在信令中增加波形的信息。
进一步地，本申请实施例提供了三种发送网络设备为UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息的方法。
在第一种可能的设计中，网络设备向UE发送下行控制信息(英文：Downlink control information；简称：DCI)，其中，下行控制信息指示为UE调度的波形以及天线端口号。可以通过一个简单的例子来说明具体方法，例如，某种格式的DCI中，由多个字段组成，这些字段由若干个0或者1的比特构成。这些字段用来表示特定的含义，例如资源调度、调制编码方式等。在本申请实施例中，可以通过某个特定的字段来表示波形，例如共用1个比特来表示波形，其中第一值(如0)表示OFDM波形，第二值(如1)表示DFT-s-OFDM波形。更进一步，天线端口号也可以通过这样的字段来表示。例如用“00”代表只调度端口0，“01”代表只调度端口1，“11”表示同时调度端口0和端口1。UE结合用来 表示波形的字段信息和用来表示天线端口的字段信息来判断参考信号的资源映射图样。
在第二种可能的设计中，网络设备为UE调度的波形以及天线端口号，可以携带在高层信令中发送给UE。例如通过RRC信令或MAC控制信令等信令来携带。一个MAC帧可以可以包括帧头、控制元素(英文：Control Element；简称：CE)和服务数据单元(英文：Service Data Unit；简称：SDU)。其中，CE可以用来携带波形信息和天线端口号。具体的方式和第一种可能的设计中的DCI的方式相似，在此不再赘述。
另外，在高层信令中，可以通过传输模式(英文：Transmission Mode；简称：TM)来指示所选择的波形。表1为本申请实施例提供的传输模式与波形的对应表。如表1所示，定义一种传输模式，在该传输模式下，只能使用OFDM或者只能使用DFT-s-OFDM来进行上行数据的传输。当需要改变UE所采用的波形时，网络设备可以通过高层信令通知UE采用新的波形。在没有高层信令更新UE采用的波形的情况下，可以通过DCI只携带UE采用的天线端口号。
表1 本申请实施例提供的传输模式与波形的对应表
传输模式 波形
传输模式1 DFT-s-OFDM
传输模式2 DFT-s-OFDM
传输模式3 OFDM
传输模式4 OFDM
…… ……
在第三种可能的设计中，一个传输模式指示多种波形，则UE在接收到传输模式后可以确定其采用的波形为该传输模式对应的多种波形中的一个，但该UE仍需进一步确定具体是哪一个波形。一方面，网络设备可以通过DCI的格式隐含指示波形类型。例如，设第一DCI格式对应OFDM波形，第二DCI格式对应DFT-s-OFDM波形，则UE在接收到传输模式后，UE通过检测DCI来判断波形的类型。例如：另一方面，网络设备可以通过数据的资源映射的方式隐含指示波形类型。例如，数据的资源映射的方式是连续的资源块(英文：Resource Block；简称：RB)映射，表示此次网络设备为UE调度的波形是DFT-s-OFDM波形；数据的资源映射的方式非连续的资源块映射，表示此次网络设备为UE调度的波形是OFDM波形。
特别的，当本方案用于下行时，除了UE所采用的波形以及天线端口之外，在MU-MIMO或者动态时分双工(英文：Time Division Duplexing；简称：TDD)场景下，为了提高性能，UE可能也需要获取配对UE的波形以及天线端口号，其中，配对UE指的是调度在和该UE相同的时频资源位置上的其他UE。例如，假设特定资源块上总共调度了4个UE，每个UE占用了一个天线端口。对于UE来说，如果能获取其他UE所采用的波形以及天线端口号，则会更有利于该UE进行干扰估计和消除。举例来说，如果UE采用的是串行干扰消除方法，它需要获取配对UE的波形之后，才能解出该配对UE的信号进而消除该配对UE的信号产生的干扰。另外一个例子是，OFDM波形和DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号配置方案可能有所差异，UE需要获取配对UE的波形后才 能重建配对UE的参考信号并进行信道估计，进而消除配对UE的干扰。具体的，可以有以下方法：网络设备在向UE发送的DCI中携带配对UE的波形和/或天线端口号。或者，通过协议约定(或者通过高层信令通知UE)波形和天线端口的对应关系。UE通过配对UE的天线端口可以获知该配对UE所采用的波形，进而可以根据该波形重建配对UE的参考信号，并进行信道估计。另外，天线端口的数目有限，UE可以根据对应关系遍历天线端口以或者配对UE的天线端口。例如，假设总共有四个天线端口，则可以通过协议约定(或者通过高层信令通知)前两个端口始终传输OFDM波形的参考信号，而后两个端口则始终传输DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号。UE则可以根据波形与天线端口的对应关系去进行干扰的估计和消除。
步骤102：根据该网络设备为该UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息，在该网络设备和该UE之间传输参考信号。
其中传输参考信号包括上行传输和下行传输，下面分别针对上行传输和下行传输的情况进行进一步说明。
在下行传输中，网络设备向UE发送参考信号。UE接收到该参考信号后，根据该网络设备为该UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息重构该参考信号。
在上行传输中，UE向网络设备发送参考信号。其中，该参考信号是UE根据该网络设备为该UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息而生成的。
进一步地，下行传输或上行传输的参考信号，均承载在网络设备为UE调度的时频资源上。也就是说，这些参考信号需要按照参考信号的资源映射图样的指示以及资源块的信息，在相应的资源位置上发送或者接收。
本申请实施例提供的一种传输参考信号的方法，在应用于OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形时均基于频域梳状的参考信号资源映射图样。本申请实施例提供的方法将相同的参考信号资源映射图样应用于OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形，降低了***复杂度与开销；该方法同时满足OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形对DMRS的约束与要求，并且可以保证其中任意一种波形的性能。在5G中，上行采用OFDM波形和DFT-s-OFDM波形，为两种波形统一设计DMRS可使得发射机或接收机在处理不同的波形时采用相近的流程，增加了可重用的模块数目，有利于降低发射机与接收机的复杂度。而且统一的设计使得***不必重复设计两套信令集，也使得一个信令可以同时传输两种波形参数信息，从而降低信令开销。
下面结合附图对UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样进一步进行说明。
现有的UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样分别针对OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形设计，均不适合同时应用于这两种波形。5G上行出现了OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形，因此，UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样需要同时满足OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形的要求。
图2为一种时隙结构示意图，图2a为另一种时隙结构示意图。如图2或2a所示，一个时隙包含了多个OFDM波形的符号或多个DFT-s-OFDM波形的符号。其中，OFDM波形的符号可以指采用OFDM波形的符号或者OFDM符号，DFT-s-OFDM波形的符号可以指采用DFT-s-OFDM波形的符号或者DFT-s-OFDM符号。在图1中，一个时隙包含的符号数目为7；在图2中，一个时隙包含的符号数目为14。其中，一些符号设置为数据符号，仅用于传输数据，另外的符号设置为参考信号符号，主要用于传输DMRS、CSI-RS或SRS，但也可以复用数据。在图2与图2a的时隙结构中，参考信号符号的数目均为1，但时隙中可以包含更多的参考信号符号。
基于上述时隙结构，进一步可以得到时频资源的栅格结构。例如，对于OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形均可以将连续的时域信号划分为若干时频资源栅格。在时频资源栅格中，时域资源的最小单元为符号，而频域资源的最小单元为子载波。而在调度过程中，最小的调度粒度为资源块，一个资源块包含了L个符号与K个子载波，其中L和K均为大于1的正整数。图3为一种时频资源的栅格结构示意图。如图3所示，资源块k包含了14个符号与12个子载波。
本申请实施例提出的OFDM与DFT-s-OFDM共用DMRS的发送和接收方法，可以应用与上述时隙结构和时频资源栅格结构，以及满足OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形对参考信号的不同要求。下面以一个资源块为例对本申请实施例进一步进行说明。
在一个资源块内，对于一个天线端口(记为天线端口m)，应用OFDM波形与DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号均在频域均匀映射。图4为一种单天线端口的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图。如图4所示，天线端口m的参考信号映射于资源单元集合p，即图4中所有标记为p的资源单元。资源单元集合p+1是指资源映射图样中所有标记为p+1的资源单元，以此类推，可以得到资源单元集合p+2或者更多的资源单元集合。
当多个天线端口同时传输参考信号时(如天线端口m和天线端口m+1同时传输参考信号)，不同的天线端口可占用相同的时频资源。如图4中，天线端口m和天线端口m+1可以共同占用时频位置集合p传输参考信号。占用相同时频位置的不同天线端口的参考信号之间通过码分复用实现正交。不同的天线端口也可以占用不同的时频资源，但都在频域均匀映射。图5为一种双天线端口的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图。如图5所示，天线端口m的参考信号映射于资源单元集合p，而天线端口m+1的参考信号映射于资源单元集合p+1，这样，天线端口m的参考信号与天线端口m+1的参考信号通过频分复用实现正交。
图6为一种DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图。如图6所示，当被调度的波形为DFT-s-OFDM波形时，分配给该UE的资源块在频域上是连续的。也就是说，对于DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考符号而言，其在一个资源块内的频域均匀映射，例如图4所示的参考信号的资源单元集合p。当其映射在多个资源块上时，该多个资源块应当是连续的资源块，例如图6所示的资源块k和资源块k+1。此时参考信号的序列可以采用时域低PAPR序列，例如ZC序列或CGS。需要说明的是，低PAPR序列是指该序列的PAPR接近于采用正交相移键控(英文：Quadrature Phase Shift Keying；简称：QPSK) 调制的DFT-s-OFDM波形的符号的PAPR。
图7为一种低PAPR序列在频域的连续与离散映射时的时域波形示意图。如图7所示，设参考信号的序列为S i，其中i为序列索引。当S i在频域连续映射时，其对应的时域波形为s(t)，从图7可以看出其为低PAPR波形。当S i在频域以N个子载波为间隔均匀离散映射时，其对应的时域波形为s(Nt)，从图7可以看出其依然为低PAPR波形。因此，采用低PAPR序列的DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号在频域均匀离散映射时，仍然具有低PAPR特性。
图8为一种OFDM波形的参考信号映射示意图。如图8所示，当UE被调度的波形为OFDM波形时，分配给该UE的资源块在频域上可以是连续的，也可以是离散的。参考信号序列可以是低PAPR序列，也可以不是。此外，当波形为OFDM波形时，参考信号可以与数据频分复用。也就是说，当波形为OFDM波形时，图8中灰色标识的资源单元若没有被其他天线端口的参考信号占用，则可以***数据。但是当波形为DFT-s-OFDM时，图8中灰色标识的资源单元在任何时刻都不能***数据。若***数据，DFT-s-OFDM的低PAPR特性将被破坏，从而导致DFT-s-OFDM波形的单载波性能大大恶化。
如上所述，应用OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号序列可采用相同的低PAPR序列(如ZC序列或CGS)，也可以采用不同的序列(其中，DFT-s-OFDM依然采用时域低PAPR序列)。因为单个资源块内的信道估计方法与波形的类型无关，当两种波形采用同样的序列时，在已知参考信号序列的情况下，则接收端可以在不知道干扰波形的情况下直接估计其信道，以便于干扰消除。而当两种波形采用不同的参考信号序列时，接收端可通过对参考信号序列的盲检测判断波形，有利于非授权(英文：grant-free)接入的数据解调。因此，两种配置均有其应用场景。
因此，当UE采用DFT-s-OFDM波形时，该本申请实施例提供的方法可保证参考信号的发送不会破坏波形的低PAPR特性；而当用户采用OFDM波形时，该方法可保证参考信号与数据的复用。
此外，该方法可以支持多个天线端口，从而可以实现在一个频域资源块内区分多个正交的天线端口，缩小了频域调度的粒度，同时增加了MIMO配对的灵活性。也就说，在一个资源块内就实现天线端口的正交，也就没有了之前的“连续且对称的资源”约束，因而灵活性也就增加了。
下面以基站为UE调度的参考信号的资源映射图样为例，对本申请实施例进行进一步地说明。
实施例一
本实施例以基站同时调度UE1和UE2在相同的时频资源上进行上行传输为例，对本申请实施例提供的参考信号的资源映射图样进行详细的描述。其中UE1采用DFT-s-OFDM波形，而UE2采用OFDM波形。基站可能出于不同的目的进行这种操作，例如：
在上行MU-MIMO的场景下，通过同时调度两个UE，提高小区吞吐量。通常两个 UE的信道具有较低的相关性，在传输时可以采用了正交的预编码。
在非正交多址的场景下，两个UE的信号可以重叠发送。在该场景下，不要求两个UE的信道具有低相关性，而且可以通过非线性的接收机来恢复两个UE的数据。
在多小区联合或非联合的调度的场景下，相邻小区在相同的时频资源上调度了两个UE，且他们具有不同的波形。为了增强性能，通常可以采用具有干扰抑制能力的接收机，例如干扰抑制合并(英文：Interference Rejection Combining；简称：IRC)接收机或串行干扰抵消(英文：Successive Interference Cancellation；简称：SIC)接收机等。
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种UE1和UE2的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图。如图9所示，UE1占用了参考信号资源单元集合p，UE2占用了参考信号资源单元集合p+2。可以看出，UE1的参考信号的映射在资源单元集合p上，该资源单元集合p在频域是梳状的。另外，图9示出了连续三个资源块(英文：Resource Block；简称：RB)。UE1被调度在了连续的3个RB上，它的参考信号以均匀的间隔占据了连续的三个RB的频域资源。其中，UE1的参考信号的序列是时域低PAPR序列，以均匀间隔映射之后，其在时域上仍然是低PAPR的。UE2被调度在了资源块k和资源块k+2上，它的参考信号在这两个资源块上占据了资源单元集合p+2，而在没有资源调度的资源块(即资源块k+1)上，不发送它的参考信号符号。
实施例二
在本实施例中，当有多个使用DFT-s-OFDM波形的UE被调度时，它们的参考信号之间以码分复用的方式实现正交化。
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种UE1、UE2和UE3的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图。如图10所示，基站同时调度了三个UE，其中，UE1和UE3采用了DFT-s-OFDM波形，而UE2采用了OFDM波形。其中UE1和UE3的调度资源完全重叠，它们的参考信号所在的资源单元可以完全重叠，如图10中所有标记了p的资源单元。可以看出，UE1和UE3的参考信号的映射在资源单元集合p上，该资源单元集合p在频域是梳状的。另一方面，UE1和UE3采用不同的参考信号的序列实现码分正交，例如，它们采用同一个ZC序列的不同循环移位产生的正交序列，从而在接收端同样可以分别估计出各UE的信道。通过本实施例提供的方法，采用DFT-s-OFDM波形的UE可在相同的资源单元集合发射参考信号，可以增加复用的UE数目。
实施例三
在本实施例中，当有多个使用DFT-s-OFDM波形的UE被调度时，它们的天线端口之间以基于块(英文：Block-wise)的码分复用方式实现正交化。具体地，当采用DFT-s-OFDM波形时，网络设备可以调度的最小频域资源粒度被定义为一个block。一个block可以为一个资源块，也可以为多个资源块。一个UE的参考信号序列在每个block上的子序列可以采用一个时域低PAPR序列。当多个采用DFT-s-OFDM波形的UE需要组成MU-MIMO时，这些UE的频域资源不需要完全对称，而在各个block内，不同UE的频域资源是对称的，因此不同UE对应的子序列可通过码分复用方式实现正交。
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种UE1、UE2和UE3的参考信号的资源映射图样示 意图。如图11所示，基站同时调度了三个UE，其中，UE1、UE2与UE3均采用了DFT-s-OFDM波形。可以看出，UE1的参考信号的映射在资源单元集合p上，该资源单元集合p在频域是梳状的。UE2的参考信号映射在资源块k的标记为p的资源单元上，而这些资源单元也是梳状的，同理可得UE3。设一个block为一个资源块，图11中示出了3个资源块，也就是3个block，其中，UE1占用了三个block，其参考信号的序列由三个子序列(如子序列1、子序列2和子序列3)构成，而UE2和UE3均只占用了一个block，它们各自的参考信号的序列仅包含一个子序列。在资源块k中，UE1的子序列1与UE2的参考信号的序列通过码分复用正交；而在资源块k+1中，UE1的子序列2与UE3的参考信号的序列通过码分复用正交。
与实施例二不同，在本实施例中，UE1和UE2，UE1和UE3的所占用的资源仅部分重叠。通过Block-wise码分复用，使得频域资源不对称的采用DFT-s-OFDM波形的UE也可以采用相同的资源单元集合发送参考信号。
实施例四
本实施例从接收端进行信道估计的角度对本申请进行进一步说明。
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种UE1和UE2的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图。如图12所示，UE1采用DFT-s-OFDM波形，利用资源单元集合p发射参考信号，而UE2采用OFDM波形,利用资源单元集合p+2发射参考信号。可以看出，UE1的参考信号的映射在资源单元集合p上，该资源单元集合p在频域是梳状的。其中，UE1与UE2均占用了多个连续的频域资源块。对于采用DFT-s-OFDM波形的UE1，接收端进行多资源块的联合信道估计；对于采用OFDM波形的UE2，除非有信令告知，接收端逐个资源块上进行分段信道估计。
本实施例可以应用于以下场景：采用OFDM波形的UE可能以资源块为粒度进行预编码，这将破坏频域信道的连续性，因此采用OFDM波形的UE的信道很多情况下是不连续的；而为了维持波形的低PAPR特性，采用DFT-s-OFDM波形的UE在整个频带使用相同的预编码矩阵，使得信道的频域连续性得以保持。
实施例五
本实施例从可变密度的参考信号资源映射的角度对本申请进行进一步说明。
首先考虑SIMO场景，即单个天线端口(记为天线端口m)传输情况。天线端口m依然在资源单元集合p上传输参考信号。然而，根据信道条件或传输负载等因素，参考信号资源映射在频域可以具有不同的密度。其中，密度是指参考信号所占的频域资源与整个频域资源的比值。
图13为不同密度的参考信号的资源映射图样示意图。当用户采用OFDM波形，且信道质量较高时，可采用较低的参考信号密度，如图13中(3)所示。在该情形下，可以在参考信号之间的资源单元上***数据符号，达到降低参考信号开销的目的。需注意，在图13中(1)所示资源单元集合p是均匀的不是离散的，但该资源单元集合p仍可以满足DFT-s-OFDM波形以及OFDM波形的要求。
在MIMO场景下，即多个天线端口传输参考信号。多个天线端口可在采用不同密 度的参考信号资源映射，而且这些参考信号之间依然可以通过频分的方式保持正交。图14为本申请实施例提供的多种MIMO场景下的参考信号资源映射示意图。其中的任一天线端口可采用OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形。图14中的参考信资源单元置集合p与p+1上的参考信号在频域是正交的。从图14可以看出，资源单元集合p、p+1、p+2或p+3在频域是梳状的。
实施例六
本实施例给出了一个例子，用来说明DFT-s-OFDM波形和OFDM波形对应的参考信号的复用方法。当与OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第一数量个时，第一数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中第一数量为大于1的正整数。当与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第二数量个时，第二数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中第二数量为大于1的正整数。其中，与OFDM波形对应的天线端口是指采用OFDM波形传输参考信号的天线端口，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的天线端口是指采用DFT-s-OFDM波形传输参考信号的天线端口。
图15为本申请实施例提供的一种参考信号的资源映射图样示意图。其中，资源单元集合p+1和p+2在频域上是梳状的，它们可以分别对应一个天线端口，并被调度给采用DFT-s-OFDM波形发送或接收参考信号的UE使用；而资源单元集合p被调度给采用OFDM波形发送或接收参考信号的UE使用。资源单元集合p在频域上由多个由连续的两个子载波构成的基本单元构成。特别的，可以在所述连续的两个子载波构成的基本单元上，使用正交码对参考信号进行正交化处理，从而使得连续的两个子载波构成的基本单元上的参考信号不会相互干扰。具体的，假设s1和s2是这两个连续子载波上的参考信号，则可使用正交码{[1 1]，[1-1]}对参考信号符号进行正交化处理。则一个天线端口对应的正交码是[1 1]，则正交化处理后的两个符号仍然是s1和s2；另一个天线端口的正交码是[1-1]，则正交化处理后的两个符号为s1和-s2。这样，资源单元集合p结合两种不同的正交码，可以分配给两个天线端口使用，而这两个天线端口传输的参考信号不会相互干扰，从而这两个天线端口可以调度给不同的UE使用。例如，网络设备向第一UE发送所述网络设备为所述UE调度的第一天线端口的信息，向第二UE发送第二天线端口的信息，向第三UE发送第三天线端口的信息，向第四UE发送第四天线端口的信息；其中，所述第一天线端口指示的资源映射图样中用于传输所述第一UE的参考信号的资源为图15中的资源单元集合p+1；所述第二天线端口指示的资源映射图样中用于传输所述第二UE的参考信号的资源为图15中的资源单元集合p+2；所述第三天线端口指示的资源映射图样中用于传输所述第三UE的参考信号的资源为图15中的资源单元集合p；所述第四天线端口指示的资源映射图样中用于传输所述第四UE的参考信号的资源为图15中的资源单元集合p；所述第三天线端口和所述第四天线端口通过正交码实现正交。
需要说明，本实施例中以DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号对应2个天线端口，OFDM波形的参考信号对应长度为2的正交码为例。而DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号对应的天线端口数量可以更多或更少，OFDM波形的参考信号对应的正交码长度可以更多或更 少。具体可以采用与上文相同或类似的方法进行设计。例如，资源单元集合p+2具有梳状结构，可以调度给采用DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号使用。而资源单元集合p以及p+1均用于传输OFDM波形的参考信号。此时，在一个资源块上DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号对应1个天线端口，而OFDM波形的参考信号对应的正交码长度为3。通过相同或相似设计方法还可以扩展到多个资源块的资源映射图样的设计。
实施例七
本实施例给出了一个例子，用来说明DFT-s-OFDM波形和OFDM波形对应的参考信号的复用方法。网络设备可以为任意一个天线端口分配任意一种波形。其中，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式可以是梳状的。或者，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式和与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是相同的。这里的“相同的”是指与OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射的资源单元的排列方式和与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射的资源单元的排列方式相同。但是具体这两种参考信号具体占用的资源单元在频域可能有平行位移。当与OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第一数量个时，第一数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中第一数量为大于1的正整数。当与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第二数量个时，第二数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中第二数量为大于1的正整数。其中，与OFDM波形对应的天线端口是指采用OFDM波形传输参考信号的天线端口，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的天线端口是指采用DFT-s-OFDM波形传输参考信号的天线端口。
图16为本申请实施例提供的一种参考信号的资源映射图样示意图。如图16所示，资源单元集合p和p+1的均为密度为1/2的梳状结构。特别的，对资源单元集合p和p+1上传输的两个参考信号都进行长度为2(也可以是其他长度，例如长度为3)的正交码的正交化处理。例如资源单元集合p的每2个资源单元为一个基本单元进行正交化处理，则资源单元集合p可以划分出3个基本单元。和实施例六不同的是，进行正交化处理的两个子载波在频域上不是连续的。正交码和正交化处理的方法和实施例六相同，此处不再赘述。资源单元集合p和p+1以及两种不同的正交码，可以分配给4个天线端口使用。例如，网络设备向第一UE发送所述网络设备为所述UE调度的第一天线端口的信息，向第二UE发送第二天线端口的信息，向第三UE发送第三天线端口的信息，向第四UE发送第四天线端口的信息；其中，所述第一天线端口指示的资源映射图样中用于传输所述第一UE的参考信号的资源为图16中的资源单元集合p；所述第二天线端口指示的资源映射图样中用于传输所述第二UE的参考信号的资源为图16中的资源单元集合p；所述第三天线端口指示的资源映射图样中用于传输所述第三UE的参考信号的资源为图16中的资源单元集合p+1；所述第四天线端口指示的资源映射图样中用于传输所述第四UE的参考信号的资源为图16中的资源单元集合p+1；所述第一天线端口和所述第二天线端口通过第一正交码实现正交，所述第三天线端口和所述第四天线端口通过第二正交码实现正交。
同样，需要说明，本实施例以资源单元集合的密度均为1/2的梳状结构为例，对于 其它密度，本实施例所揭示的方法同样适用。当资源单元集合的密度均为1/n时，可以得到资源单元集合p、p+1…p+(n-1)，其中，每个资源单元集合中含有m个资源单元，则可以对这m个资源单元进行长度为m的正交化处理。例如，以图14中4端口配置1为例，若对该情形下的资源单元集合p进行长度为3的正交化处理，则资源单元集合p可以分配给3个天线端口使用。此时可以将4端口配置扩展到6端口配置。若进一步对该情形下的资源单元集合p+1也进行长度为3的正交化处理，可以将该情形下的天线端口配置进一步扩展到8端口配置。而不同的端口可以调度给不同的UE使用，从而可以增加一个资源块上的参考符号可以支持的UE数。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中一个资源块的符号数与子载波数可以更多或更少。因此，通过与上文相同或相似设计可以将本申请提供的方法扩展到具有其他符号数或子载波数的资源块上。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的方法也可以同时应用于其他的多载波波形(如滤波器组多载波(英文：Filter Bank Multicarrier；简称FBMC)波形)与单载波波形(如唯一字(英文：Unique Word；简称：UW)-DFT-s-OFDM波形)的组合。具体细节可以参照上述实施例，在此不再赘述。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，从网络设备和UE的角度对本申请实施例提供的传输参考信号的方法以及相关信令进行了介绍。可以理解的是，UE、网络设备为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
图17为本申请实施例中所涉及的网络设备的一种可能的结构示意图。图17所示网络设备包括收发器1701，控制器/处理器1702。所述收发器1701可以用于支持网络设备与上述实施例中的所述的UE之间收发信息，以及支持所述UE与其它UE之间进行无线电通信。所述控制器/处理器1702可以用于执行各种用于与UE或其他网络设备通信的功能。在上行链路，来自所述UE的上行链路信号经由天线接收，由收发器1701进行调解，并进一步由控制器/处理器1702进行处理来恢复UE所发送到业务数据和信令信息。在下行链路上，业务数据和信令消息由控制器/处理器1702进行处理，并由收发器1701进行调解来产生下行链路信号，并经由天线发射给UE。具体地，所述收发器1701用于向所述UE发送为所述UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息，以及用于与所述UE传输的参考信号。控制器/处理器1702可以用于生成为所述UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息。其中，该波形包括OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形；该天线端口指示UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样。进一步地，该天线端口还指示参考信号序列和/或正交码等信息。所述资源映射图样指的是参考信号 在时频资源上的位置，参考信号序列指的是构成该参考信号所采用的序列，正交码指的是当不同天线端口的参考信号之间采用码分复用时，不同天线端口上所应用的互相之间具有正交性的码。其中，在该资源映射图样的一个符号内，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射在DFT-s-OFDM波形未映射的资源上。其中，在频域的映射方式是梳状的是指在频域均匀离散映射。所述UE采用的资源映射图样可以是上文中提到的任一种，相关细节可以参照上述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
可以理解的是，图17仅仅示出了网络设备的简化设计。在实际应用中，网络设备可以包含任意数量的发射器，接收器，处理器，控制器，存储器，通信单元等，而所有可以实现本申请的网络设备都在本申请的保护范围之内。
图18为本申请实施例中所涉及的UE的一种可能的设计结构的简化示意图，所述UE可以是上文中提到的UE中的一个。所述UE包括收发器1801，控制器/处理器1802，还可以包括存储器1803和调制解调处理器1804。
收发器1801调节(例如，模拟转换、滤波、放大和上变频等)该输出采样并生成上行链路信号，该上行链路信号经由天线发射给上述实施例中所述的基站。在下行链路上，天线接收上述实施例中基站发射的下行链路信号。收发器1801调节(例如，滤波、放大、下变频以及数字化等)从天线接收的信号并提供输入采样。在调制解调处理器1804中，编码器18041接收要在上行链路上发送的业务数据和信令消息，并对业务数据和信令消息进行处理(例如，格式化、编码和交织)。调制器18042进一步处理(例如，符号映射和调制)编码后的业务数据和信令消息并提供输出采样。解调器18044处理(例如，解调)该输入采样并提供符号估计。解码器18043处理(例如，解交织和解码)该符号估计并提供发送给UE的已解码的数据和信令消息。编码器18041、调制器18042、解调器18044和解码器18043可以由合成的调制解调处理器1804来实现。这些单元根据无线接入网采用的无线接入技术(例如，LTE及其他演进***的接入技术)来进行处理。
控制器/处理器1802对UE的动作进行控制管理，用于执行上述实施例中由UE进行的处理。例如重构参考信号、干扰估计和消除等，相关细节可以参照上述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。收发器1801用于接收网络设备发送的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息，以及用于与所述网络设备传输的参考信号。
用于执行本申请上述UE或基站的控制器/处理器可以是中央处理器(CPU)，通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)，现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件，硬件部件或者其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本申请公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。所述处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，DSP和微处理器的组合等等。
应理解，本申请实施例中的处理器可以由处理模块实现，收发器可以由收发模块实现。
结合本申请公开内容所描述的方法或者算法的步骤可以硬件的方式来实现，也可以是由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于RAM存储器、闪存、ROM存储器、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、CD-ROM或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于用户设备中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于用户设备中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。
本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的***、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种传输参考信号的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网络设备向用户设备UE发送所述网络设备为所述UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息，所述波形包括OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形，所述天线端口指示所述UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样；在所述资源映射图样的一个符号内，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射在DFT-s-OFDM波形未映射的频域资源上；
    根据所述波形的信息、所述天线端口的信息以及所述资源块的信息，所述网络设备在所述资源块上向所述UE发送或从所述UE接收参考信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式和所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是相同的。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述与OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第一数量个时，所述第一数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中所述第一数量为大于1的正整数。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第二数量个时，所述第二数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中所述第二数量为大于1的正整数。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备向所述UE发送所述UE的配对UE的波形的信息和天线端口的信息。
  7. 一种传输参考信号的网络设备，其特征在于，包括：
    收发器，用于向用户设备UE发送所述网络设备为所述UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息，所述波形包括OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形，所述天线端口指示所述UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样；在所述资源映射图样的一个符号内，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射在DFT-s-OFDM波形未映射的频域资源上；
    处理器，用于根据所述波形的信息、所述天线端口的信息以及所述资源块的信息，获得在所述资源块上传输的参考信号。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的网络设备，其特征在于，
    所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的网络设备，其特征在于，
    所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式和所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是相同的。
  10. 根据权利要求7-9任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，
    当所述与OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第一数量个时，所述第一数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中所述第一数量为大于1的正整数。
  11. 根据权利要求7-10任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，
    当所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的天线端口为第二数量个时，所述第二数量个天线端口传输的参考信号在频域通过正交码进行正交化处理，其中所述第二数量为大于1的正整数。
  12. 根据权利要求7-11任一项所述的网络设备，其特征在于，
    所述收发器还用于向所述UE发送所述UE的配对UE的波形的信息和天线端口的信息。
  13. 一种参考信号的发送与接收方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    用户设备UE从网络设备接收所述网络设备为所述UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息，所述波形包括OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形，所述天线端口指示所述UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样；在所述资源映射图样的一个符号内，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射在DFT-s-OFDM波形未映射的频域资源上；
    根据所述波形的信息、所述天线端口的信息以及所述资源块的信息，所述UE在所述资源块上向所述网络发送或从所述网络接收参考信号。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式和所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是相同的。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述UE发送或接收与OFDM波形对应的参考信号时，连续的两个子载波构成的资源单元集合被调度给所述UE使用。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述UE使用正交码对所述连续的两个子载波构成的资源单元集合上的参考信号进行处理。
  18. 一种用户设备UE，其特征在于，所述UE包括：
    收发器，用于从网络设备接收所述网络设备为用户设备UE调度的波形的信息、天线端口的信息以及资源块的信息，所述波形包括OFDM波形或DFT-s-OFDM波形，所述天线端口指示所述UE发送或接收参考信号时所采用的资源映射图样；在所述资源映射图样的一个符号内，与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的，与OFDM波形对应的参考信号映射在DFT-s-OFDM波形未映射的频域资源上。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的UE，其特征在于，
    所述收发器还用于根据所述波形的信息、所述天线端口的信息以及所述资源块的信息，在所述资源块上向所述网络发送或从所述网络接收参考信号。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的UE，其特征在于，
    所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是梳状的。
  21. 根据权利要求18-20任一项所述的UE，其特征在于，
    所述与OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式和所述与DFT-s-OFDM波形对应的参考信号在频域的映射方式是相同的。
  22. 根据权利要求18-21任一项所述的UE，其特征在于，
    所述收发器还用于发送或接收与OFDM波形对应的参考信号，其中，连续的两个子载波构成的资源单元集合被调度给所述UE使用。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的UE，其特征在于，所述UE还包括：
    处理器，用于使用正交码对所述连续的两个子载波构成的资源单元集合上的参考信号进行处理。
  24. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，其包含用于执行权利要求1-6任一项方法或权利要求13-17任一方法所设计的程序。
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