WO2018120049A1 - 可穿戴式心脏监测装置、心脏监测***及方法 - Google Patents

可穿戴式心脏监测装置、心脏监测***及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018120049A1
WO2018120049A1 PCT/CN2016/113573 CN2016113573W WO2018120049A1 WO 2018120049 A1 WO2018120049 A1 WO 2018120049A1 CN 2016113573 W CN2016113573 W CN 2016113573W WO 2018120049 A1 WO2018120049 A1 WO 2018120049A1
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Prior art keywords
user
photoelectric
mode
data analysis
ecg
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PCT/CN2016/113573
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张苏
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英华达（南京）科技有限公司
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Priority to CN201680003494.6A priority Critical patent/CN109475315B/zh
Priority to US16/475,148 priority patent/US11504040B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/113573 priority patent/WO2018120049A1/zh
Priority to TW106144591A priority patent/TWI681753B/zh
Publication of WO2018120049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018120049A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
    • A61B5/0245—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate by using sensing means generating electric signals, i.e. ECG signals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0004—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by the type of physiological signal transmitted
    • A61B5/0006—ECG or EEG signals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6823—Trunk, e.g., chest, back, abdomen, hip

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of health monitoring, in particular to a wearable cardiac monitoring device, a cardiac monitoring system and a method for monitoring a heart state at any time and being convenient to wear.
  • Cardiovascular diseases have always been one of the major virulence factors, and the incidence of sudden cardiac death has increased in recent years. Therefore, the detection of cardiac status is important for early detection of heart disease.
  • people usually use electrocardiogram to perform ECG signal detection in hospitals. It is necessary to affix multiple measurement electrodes in the human body. The measurement steps are complicated, and the characteristics of ECG signals can only be observed and detected at a certain moment. However, the response of some heart diseases in the human body is not always happening. Sometimes the use of ECG measurements in hospitals may not be discovered in time, making many people suffer from heart disease but they are unaware. Heart disease becomes a hidden killer of health.
  • Dynamic electrocardiography is a method that continuously records and compiles ECG changes in the active and quiet state of the human heart for a long time.
  • the existing dynamic electrocardiograph device is bulky and very inconvenient to carry, and is a great burden for users who wear a dynamic electrocardiogram. Only when the user feels uncomfortable can this be used.
  • the dynamic electrocardiogram only dynamically acquires the user's ECG signal, and cannot perform real-time analysis. The specific analysis still has to wait for a period of time before going to the hospital to ask the doctor for diagnosis, which is not real-time.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a wearable cardiac monitoring device, a cardiac monitoring system and a method, which are combined with ECG and photoelectric for cardiac condition monitoring, integrated in a wearing component, and worn. Convenient, high accuracy of heart detection.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a wearable cardiac monitoring device, including a processor, an electrocardiographic signal acquisition unit, a photoelectric signal acquisition unit, and a power source, wherein the power source is the processor, the ECG signal acquisition unit, and the The photoelectric signal acquisition unit supplies power, wherein:
  • the processor determines whether it is currently in an ECG acquisition mode or a photoelectric acquisition mode
  • the ECG signal acquisition unit collects an ECG signal of the user
  • the photoelectric signal acquisition unit collects the photoelectric signal of the user's measured part under the illumination of the light.
  • the ECG signal comprises a cardiac current of a user
  • the ECG signal acquisition unit comprises:
  • the first electrode in the ECG acquisition mode, is disposed close to a user's heart position;
  • the second electrode and the third electrode are disposed in the electrocardiographic acquisition mode, the second electrode and the third electrode are disposed near the skin of the user, and the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode form a cardiac current measuring circuit.
  • the processor, the ECG signal acquisition unit, the photoelectric signal acquisition unit, and the power source are all disposed on a wearing component;
  • the wearing part includes a necklace lanyard, the first electrode is located at a first position of the necklace lanyard, and the second electrode and the third electrode are respectively located at a second position and a third position of the necklace lanyard a position, and the distance between the second position and the third position to the first position is equal;
  • the second position and the third position are close to the side of the neck of the user, and in the ECG acquisition mode, the first position is close to the user's heart position.
  • the inside of the necklace lanyard is provided with a conductive ring
  • the necklace lanyard is further connected with a pendant
  • the processor, the ECG signal acquisition unit, the photoelectric signal acquisition unit and the power source are both connected And disposed in the pendant
  • the first electrode is electrically connected to the second electrode and the third electrode through the conductive ring.
  • a position adjustment button is disposed at a position where the necklace lanyard is connected to the pendant, and the length of the necklace lanyard can be adjusted when the length adjustment button is in an adjusted state.
  • a mode selection button is further disposed in the pendant, and the processor determines that the mode selection button is currently in the ECG acquisition mode when detecting that the mode selection button is in the first state, and when detecting that the mode selection button is In the second state, it is judged that it is currently in the photoelectric collection mode, and when it is detected that the mode selection button is in the third state, it is judged that it is currently in the sleep mode.
  • the processor controls the mode to switch to the photoelectric collection mode, and according to the preset photoelectric signal collection interval period control
  • the photoelectric signal collecting unit collects the photoelectric signal
  • the processor When the processor detects that the power of the power source is less than a second preset threshold, the processor controls the mode to switch to the sleep mode.
  • the photoelectric signal is a reflected light of the user's measured part under the illumination of the light.
  • the photoelectric signal acquisition unit is disposed close to the skin of the user, and the photoelectric signal acquisition unit comprises:
  • a light emitter for illuminating the surface of the user's skin
  • a photosensitive receiver for receiving reflected light from a part of the user to be measured.
  • the method further includes a wireless transmission unit for transmitting the ECG signal and/or the photoelectric signal to a data analysis platform, and the data analysis platform analyzes the ECG signal and/or the photoelectric signal according to the ECG signal A cardiac state parameter is obtained, the cardiac state parameter including electrocardiogram index data and heart rate data.
  • the processor receives the heart state parameter abnormality notification sent by the data analysis platform, determining whether the current is in the ECG acquisition mode or the photoelectric collection mode;
  • the processor controls the wireless transmission unit to measure the ECG signal of the previous period Sending to the data analysis platform, the control switches to the ECG acquisition mode, and prompts the user to make the wearable cardiac monitoring device in a measurable ECG state.
  • the method further comprises:
  • An alarm unit configured to push an alarm signal to the user when receiving the heart state parameter abnormality notification sent by the data analysis platform;
  • the user information input unit is configured to receive the action capability confirmation information of the user when receiving the heart state parameter abnormality notification sent by the data analysis platform.
  • the method further includes a positioning unit, configured to automatically acquire the location information of the user and send the location information to the data analysis platform when receiving the heart state parameter abnormality notification sent by the data analysis platform.
  • a positioning unit configured to automatically acquire the location information of the user and send the location information to the data analysis platform when receiving the heart state parameter abnormality notification sent by the data analysis platform.
  • the method further includes a display unit, configured to: when receiving the heart state parameter abnormality notification sent by the data analysis platform, and the user information input unit receives the action capability confirmation information of the user, displaying the data analysis platform matching The closest medical institution information to the user.
  • a display unit configured to: when receiving the heart state parameter abnormality notification sent by the data analysis platform, and the user information input unit receives the action capability confirmation information of the user, displaying the data analysis platform matching The closest medical institution information to the user.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a cardiac monitoring system, including the wearable cardiac monitoring device and a data analysis platform, wherein the data analysis platform is configured to analyze according to the ECG signal and/or the photoelectric signal. Heart state parameters.
  • the user terminal and/or the medical institution terminal are further included, and the data analysis platform is further configured to send the cardiac state parameter to the user terminal and/or the medical institution terminal.
  • the data analysis platform analyzes and determines that the cardiac state parameter is abnormal, and sends a heart state parameter abnormality notification to the user terminal;
  • the data analysis platform After receiving the user status abnormality notification, the data analysis platform matches the medical institution closest to the user, and sends the user location information and the user's cardiac state parameter to the matching medical institution.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a cardiac monitoring method, which adopts the cardiac monitoring system, and the cardiac monitoring method comprises the following steps:
  • the photoelectric signal of the user's measured part under the illumination of the light is collected
  • a cardiac state parameter of the user is obtained based on the analysis of the electrocardiographic signal and/or the photoelectric signal.
  • the wearable cardiac monitoring device, cardiac monitoring system and method provided by the present invention have the following advantages:
  • the invention provides a technical scheme for monitoring the heart state at any time and being convenient to wear, and adopts the combination of electrocardiogram and photoelectric method to perform cardiac condition monitoring, and the electrocardiogram monitoring has high accuracy, and the photoelectric monitoring has a relatively fast speed, and According to the need to choose different cardiac monitoring methods, both accuracy and real-time; the device is integrated in the wearing parts, the overall volume is small, easy to wear, to achieve monitoring of the heart anytime, anywhere, and will not cause the burden of users, improve users Experience.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a wearable cardiac monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of an electrocardiographic signal acquisition unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of an optical signal acquisition unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of a wearable cardiac monitoring device with data transmission function according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of a wearable cardiac monitoring device having an alarm function
  • FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram of a wearable cardiac monitoring device having a positioning function according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a wearable cardiac monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a necklace type heart monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a block diagram showing the structure of a wearable cardiac monitoring device having a body feature collection function
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a mode switching mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the structure of a cardiac monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a block diagram showing the structure of a cardiac monitoring system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a flow chart of a cardiac monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a flow chart of a cardiac monitoring method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a flow chart showing the processing procedure when abnormality occurs in cardiac monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a wearable cardiac monitoring device 100.
  • the wearable cardiac monitoring device 100 includes a processor 110, an electrocardiographic signal acquisition unit 120, a photoelectric signal acquisition unit 130, and a power source 140.
  • the power supply 140 simultaneously supplies power to the processor 110, the electrocardiographic signal acquisition unit 120, the photoelectric signal acquisition unit 130, and the power source 140, wherein: the processor 110 determines whether it is currently in the ECG acquisition mode or the photoelectric collection mode; In the electrical acquisition mode, the ECG signal acquisition unit 120 collects the ECG signal of the user; in the photoelectric acquisition mode, the photoelectric signal acquisition unit 130 collects the photoelectric signal of the user's measured portion under the illumination of the light.
  • the present invention combines ECG and optoelectronics to perform cardiac condition monitoring, and ECG monitoring has a high Accuracy, photoelectric monitoring has a faster speed, you can choose different cardiac monitoring methods according to your needs. Integrating the processor 110, the electrocardiographic signal acquisition unit 120, the photoelectric signal acquisition unit 130, and the power source 140 on a portable device that can be worn on the user is convenient to use, and can perform cardiac monitoring at any time, so that cardiac monitoring using the device of the present invention is performed. Both accuracy and real-time.
  • the ECG signal may generally include cardiac current data.
  • a weak current that is, a cardiac current
  • a cardiac current is transmitted, which is transmitted to various parts through the human body tissue. Since the tissues of different parts of the body are different, and the distance between the parts and the heart is different, different potential changes are exhibited in various parts of the human body surface. Therefore, the cardiac current can be measured by collecting the potential of different parts of the human body.
  • an electrocardiographic signal acquisition unit includes a first electrode 121, a second electrode 122, and a third electrode 123, wherein in the ECG acquisition mode, the first electrode 121 is close to the user's heart.
  • the second electrode 122 and the third electrode 123 are disposed close to the skin of the user, and the first electrode 121, the second electrode 122, and the third electrode 123 form a cardiac current measuring circuit.
  • the measurement of cardiac current is more accurate than the measurement of photoelectric mode, but requires a certain continuous measurement time.
  • the second electrode 122 and the third electrode 123 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the first electrode 121, and the potential of the body part of the user can be measured, thereby obtaining cardiac current data.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a photoelectric signal collecting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the photoelectric signal acquisition unit In the photoelectric acquisition mode, the photoelectric signal acquisition unit is disposed close to the user's skin, and the photoelectric signal acquisition unit 130 includes a light emitter 131 for illuminating the surface of the user's skin; and a photosensitive receiver 132 for receiving the user. The reflected light of the measured part.
  • the processor 110 controls the light emitter 131 to emit light to the user's skin, for example, to emit red light to the user's skin.
  • the blood hemoglobin in the blood vessel absorbs red light differently, thereby making the skin
  • the reflected light is different, and the reflected light is received by the photosensitive receiver 132, and the change of the reflected light can reflect the heart rate.
  • Photoelectric measurement is relatively fast and can meet the requirements of timeliness, but it is easily interfered by external light, user skin cleanliness and other factors, and the measurement is not accurate enough. Therefore, the present invention combines this mode with the method of electrocardiographic measurement, and can select different measurement modes according to needs. When more accurate measurement data is needed, the ECG measurement mode is maintained, and when heart rate data needs to be obtained immediately, it can enter Photoelectric measurement mode.
  • the manner of optoelectronic measurement listed herein is only one preferred embodiment. In practical applications, it is also possible to use the light emitter 131 to emit green light to the skin of the user.
  • the photosensitive receiver 132 receives the light transmitted by the skin, and the blood in the blood vessel changes density when the blood is pulsating, thereby causing a change in light transmittance.
  • the change in transmitted light received by the photosensitive receiver 132 can reflect the heart rate.
  • the light emitter 131 and the photosensitive receiver 132 can be disposed on the same side of the user's skin, and the green light is used to measure the accuracy.
  • the wearable cardiac monitoring device of the present invention may further comprise a wireless transmission unit 150 for transmitting the ECG signal and/or the photoelectric signal to a data analysis platform, the data analysis
  • the platform analyzes the ECG signal and/or the signal to obtain a cardiac state parameter. Therefore, not only the detection of the electrocardiographic signal and/or the photoelectric signal can be realized, but also can be sent to the external data analysis platform through the wireless transmission unit 150, and can be further improved. Steps receive the cardiac state parameters analyzed by the data analysis platform.
  • the cardiac state parameter preferably may include electrocardiogram index data and heart rate.
  • the data analysis platform may draw an electrocardiogram according to the ECG signal, and calculate various indicators, such as the P-wave time, amplitude and shape of the electrocardiogram, and the P-R cycle time.
  • the photoelectric signal acquisition unit collects the photoelectric signal
  • the data analysis platform can obtain the user's heart rate according to the photoelectric signal.
  • the processor 110 may be further configured to filter and amplify the ECG signal into a digital signal, and may be configured to filter and amplify the photoelectric signal to be converted into a digital signal;
  • the wireless transmission unit 150 sends the digital signal corresponding to the ECG signal and the digital signal corresponding to the photoelectric signal to the data analysis platform. If the processor 110 does not perform preliminary processing of data, the wireless transmission unit 150 may directly send the ECG signal and the photoelectric signal to the data analysis platform, and the data analysis platform uniformly performs data processing and data analysis.
  • the wearable cardiac monitoring device of the present invention may further include an alarm unit 160 for pushing an alarm signal to the user when receiving the heart state parameter abnormality notification sent by the data analysis platform.
  • the alarm unit 160 can be an audible alarm, an optical alarm or an audible and visual alarm. This can ensure that in the process of real-time monitoring of the heart state, an abnormal situation is notified to the user in time to avoid the lag of cardiac state monitoring, thereby achieving early detection of heart disease.
  • the data analysis platform When the data analysis platform receives the ECG signal of the user and analyzes the ECG indicator data, if the ECG indicator is found to be abnormal, it may be determined that the heart may be abnormal. For example, when the PR period is prolonged, it may indicate ventricular hypertrophy and indoor conduction. Blocking, ST segment down shift may indicate myocardial ischemia, ST segment uplift may indicate acute myocardial infarction and other acute conditions.
  • the data analysis platform receives the user's ECG signal and analyzes the user's heart rate, if the heart rate is too fast or too slow, it may also indicate that the heart is abnormal, and it is necessary to promptly report the alarm through the alarm unit 160.
  • the wearable cardiac monitoring device of the present invention may further include a positioning unit 170 for automatically acquiring location information of the user and transmitting to the external data analysis platform when receiving the heart state parameter abnormality notification. Further, the wearable cardiac monitoring device of the present invention may further include a display unit 180 and a user information input unit. The user information input unit is configured to acquire the action capability confirmation information of the user.
  • the processor 110 When the processor 110 receives the heart state parameter abnormality notification, the user is first required to confirm whether there is still mobility capability. If the user's mobility capability confirmation information is received within a predetermined time, the user still has the action and consciousness ability. At this time, the positioning unit 170 acquires the location information of the user and sends it to the data analysis platform, matches the closest medical institution through the data analysis platform, and transmits the matched medical institution information to the processor 110, and the processor 110 controls the display unit 180. Display matching medical institution information. When the user sees the nearest medical institution, he or she can go to a medical institution for medical treatment.
  • the location unit 170 acquires the location information of the user and sends it to the data analysis platform to match the closest through the data analysis platform.
  • the data analysis platform will send the user's location information and heart state parameters to the matching medical institution, and ask the medical institution to send rescuers to the designated location to implement the rescue, thereby avoiding the user. It is impossible to go to the doctor to go to the hospital and cause delays in the disease, which greatly guarantees the safety of the user.
  • the processor 110, the electrocardiographic signal acquisition unit 120, the photoelectric signal acquisition unit 130, and the power source 140 are all disposed on a wearing component, and the user can wear the wearing component to a corresponding part of the body. Therefore, the wearable cardiac monitoring device of the present invention is very convenient to wear, and does not become a burden on the user during use, thereby improving the user experience.
  • the wearing part may include an annular ring, and the first electrode 121, the second electrode 122, and the third electrode 123 are all disposed on the annular ring.
  • the first electrode 121 is located at a first position of the annular ring
  • the second electrode 122 and the third electrode 123 are respectively located at a second position and a third position of the annular ring, and The distance between the second position and the third position to the first position is equal.
  • the annular ring may be a necklace lanyard 1, the inside of the necklace lanyard 1 is provided with a conductive ring, and the necklace lanyard 1 is further connected with a drop 2, the first electrode 121, the The photoelectric signal acquisition unit 130 and the processor 110 are both disposed in the pendant 2, and the first electrode 121 is electrically connected to the second electrode 122 and the third electrode 123 through the conductive ring.
  • the second electrode 122 and the third electrode 123 are close to the side of the neck of the user, and in the ECG acquisition mode, the pendant 2 is close to the user's heart position.
  • the horn 4 is also provided as an alarm unit on the pendant 2, and when an abnormality occurs in the cardiac state parameter, an alarm signal is issued in time to alert the user.
  • a position adjustment button 5 may be disposed at a position where the necklace lanyard 1 is connected to the pendant 2, and the length of the necklace lanyard 1 may be adjusted when the length adjustment button 5 is in an adjusted state.
  • a torsion spring may be disposed at a position where the necklace lanyard 1 and the pendant 2 are connected, and when the length adjustment button 5 is pressed, the torsion spring is loosened by a transmission mechanism, so that the length of the necklace lanyard 1 can be adjusted.
  • the length adjustment button 5 is released, the pressure on the torsion spring is restored, so that the length of the necklace lanyard 1 is fixed. Due to the photoelectric collection mode, the pendant can be placed close to the user's skin without being close to the user's heart. Therefore, when the ECG acquisition mode is not used, the user can adjust the length of the necklace lanyard 1 for comfort or beauty. In the electric collection mode, the necklace lanyard 1 needs to be adjusted so that the pendant 2 is placed close to the user's heart.
  • a mode selection button 3 is further disposed in the pendant 2, and when the processor 110 detects that the mode selection button 3 is in the first state, it determines that the current mode is in the ECG acquisition mode, when the When the mode selection button 3 is in the second state, it is judged that it is currently in the photoelectric collection mode.
  • the mode selection button 3 can be set to three states and respectively correspond to different working modes, as shown in the following list 1.
  • the default working mode of the device can be set to the ECG acquisition mode, that is, the cardiac current signal is collected by three electrodes in real time.
  • the mode selection button can be pressed to adjust to the second state, that is, enter the photoelectric collection mode, and the processor 110 controls the photoelectric signal acquisition unit 130 to perform the photoelectric signal. Acquisition, faster heart rate signals.
  • the operating mode of the wearable cardiac monitoring device can also be selected according to the power detection of the power source 140.
  • the sleep state is automatically entered, thereby reducing the power consumption and prolonging the use time of the wearable cardiac monitoring device.
  • the user needs to switch to the photoelectric collection mode or the electrocardiographic acquisition mode, it can be activated by operating the mode selection button 3.
  • the processor 110 may further obtain the heart state parameter analysis result of the data analysis platform, and if the heart state parameter analysis result is normal in the predetermined time period, the sleep state may be entered, if the reservation is scheduled.
  • the cardiac state monitoring should be continued to avoid the user from experiencing an unexpected situation.
  • the processor 110 may control to enter the photoelectric collection mode and set the photoelectric signal acquisition interval period, for example, The photoelectric signal is measured once every hour, or the photoelectric signal is measured at intervals of half an hour.
  • the reason for this is that the ECG acquisition mode is to continuously collect the ECG signal, so the power consumption is relatively large, and the photoelectric signal can be quickly collected after a long time interval and the result is fast, which is more than the ECG acquisition. It saves some power. Therefore, when the battery is low, you can enter the photoelectric acquisition mode and monitor it through the photoelectric acquisition mode.
  • a necklace is used as a carrier of the processor 110, the electrocardiographic signal acquisition unit 120, and the photoelectric signal acquisition unit 130, and the second electrode 122 and the third electrode 123 are disposed at the neck.
  • the natural shape of the necklace gives it a number of parts of the human body that can directly fit the skin.
  • the overall size of the necklace is relatively light, the user will not have any discomfort during the wearing process, and even the decoration can be added to the necklace to make it play the role of the ornament, which is convenient to carry and easy to detect at any time.
  • the wearable cardiac monitoring device of the present invention may further comprise a cardiac state parameter pushing unit for receiving the cardiac state parameter processed by the data analysis platform and pushing it to the user.
  • the cardiac state parameter pushing unit may be disposed on the wearing part, for example, setting a display screen at the pendant 2 of the necklace, displaying the current working mode and part of the key data through the display screen, or setting the number on the necklace lanyard 1 Indicators, when the detection data is normal, the indicator light is green, when the detection data is not normal, the indicator light is red, and so on.
  • the wearable cardiac monitoring device of the present invention may further include a body feature collection unit 190 for collecting physical characteristics of the user.
  • the physical features may be body temperature data, respiratory rate, and body surface humidity of the user. , blood pressure, etc., can be selected according to needs.
  • the body feature collection unit 190 may be disposed on the lanyard of the necklace or in the pendant of the necklace.
  • functional units for measuring other parameters of the human body such as measuring skin surface humidity and the like, may be further added to the wearable cardiac device of the present invention, and may be selectively increased as needed to further enrich the functions of the wearable cardiac monitoring device.
  • the processor 110 may also switch the working mode according to the condition of the heart state parameter, and when the processor 110 receives the heart state parameter abnormality notification sent by the data analysis platform, determine that the current heart is in the heart.
  • the electric acquisition mode is also the photoelectric acquisition mode;
  • the processor 110 controls the wireless transmission unit to perform the ECG of the previous period.
  • the signal is sent to the data analysis platform and controlled to switch to the ECG acquisition mode.
  • the processor 110 since the user may have previously adjusted the state of the wearable cardiac monitoring device, for example, the length of the necklace lanyard is adjusted such that the first electrode 121 is no longer disposed near the user's heart, or the second electrode 122 and the third electrode 123 It is no longer close to the user's skin, which may result in the inability to perform ECG measurement. Therefore, the processor 110 also needs to remind the user to make the wearable cardiac monitoring device in a measurable electrocardiogram state, where the ECG state can be measured.
  • the first electrode 121 is disposed close to the user's heart, and the second electrode 122 and the third electrode 123 are disposed close to the user's skin.
  • the heart state parameter analyzed by the data analysis platform when the heart state parameter analyzed by the data analysis platform is abnormal, switch to another acquisition mode to avoid false alarm caused by inaccuracy of the previous acquisition mode, by two types.
  • the acquisition mode is used to compare and supervise each other to ensure the accuracy of the final cardiac state parameters.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a cardiac monitoring system including the wearable cardiac monitoring device 100 and a data analysis platform 200 for using the ECG signal according to the ECG signal. And/or photoelectric signal analysis yields cardiac status parameters.
  • the cardiac monitoring system of the invention adopts the architecture of the Internet of Things, and combines the two methods of electrocardiogram monitoring and photoelectric detection to change the dynamic electrocardiogram which can only detect in real time and cannot know the hysteresis of the cardiac detection result in real time. Once the heart state parameter is abnormal, the user can know in time.
  • the cardiac monitoring system may further include a user terminal 300 and/or a medical institution management platform 400, and the data analysis platform 200 is further configured to send the cardiac state parameter to the user terminal 300 and / or the monitoring terminal.
  • the data analysis platform 200 may be a cloud server, and the user terminal 300 may be a user's mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a personal computer.
  • the medical institution management platform 400 may be a server of a hospital or a rescue center or a doctor's personal. Computer, etc.
  • the user terminal 300 can perform data interaction through the data analysis platform 200 and the wearable cardiac monitoring device 100, or can directly perform data interaction with the wearable cardiac monitoring device 100 through the wireless network, and undertake some data display and reception. The task of the user instruction.
  • the user's terminal 300 and the medical institution management platform 400 and the like can directly view data such as the user's electrocardiogram and heart rate. If the doctor sees an abnormality of the cardiac state parameter on the medical institution management platform 400, the user can be contacted; or when the abnormality of the cardiac state parameter is detected in the user terminal 300 and the user has no other response, the ambulance call can be dialed, thereby avoiding Emergency illnesses are not treated in time.
  • the present invention further provides a cardiac monitoring method using the cardiac monitoring system, the cardiac monitoring method comprising the following steps:
  • S200 collecting an ECG signal of the user in the ECG acquisition mode
  • S300 in the photoelectric acquisition mode, collecting the photoelectric signal of the user's tested part under the illumination of light;
  • S400 Analyze a cardiac state parameter of the user according to the ECG signal and/or the photoelectric signal.
  • a flow chart of a cardiac monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
  • a shutdown mode there are three modes: a shutdown mode, an electrocardiographic acquisition mode, and a photoelectric acquisition mode.
  • the specific method includes the following steps:
  • the ECG acquisition mode is entered, and the three electrodes continuously collect the cardiac current data
  • the data analysis platform that transmits the cardiac current data to the cloud, and analyzes the data by the cloud data analysis platform;
  • ECG continuous monitoring is not turned on, it is determined whether the photoelectric heart rate detection is turned on;
  • the photoelectric acquisition mode is entered, the light emitter emits light, and the photosensitive receiver receives light;
  • the photoelectric heart rate detection is not turned on, it indicates that the current mode is in the off mode, and the current process is directly ended.
  • the settings of the above-mentioned off mode, electrocardiogram acquisition mode, and photoelectric collection mode are only examples.
  • the default setting may be set to on, and the off mode may be canceled, or other methods such as body temperature detection mode may be further added, etc., all of which belong to the present invention.
  • the off mode may be canceled, or other methods such as body temperature detection mode may be further added, etc., all of which belong to the present invention.
  • the measurement by ECG is more accurate, but the timeliness is not high. It takes a certain period of time to continuously measure to get a more accurate ECG index.
  • the photoelectric method is faster to measure, which can meet the requirements of timeliness, but is easily exposed to the outside world. The measurement of light, user skin cleanliness and other factors, the measurement is not accurate enough.
  • the cardiac monitoring method of the present invention combines the methods of photoelectric detection and electrocardiographic measurement, and can select different measurement modes according to needs.
  • the electrocardiographic measurement mode is maintained, and when heart rate data needs to be obtained immediately , you can enter the photoelectric measurement mode. Therefore, the method of the invention can combine the two advantages of timeliness and accuracy, and fully meet the user's use requirements.
  • the processing method for abnormality of the cardiac state parameter obtained by the cardiac monitoring method of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the cloud server analyzes the data to obtain the cardiac state parameter, and when the analysis result is abnormal, the cardiac state parameter abnormality notification is sent to the user terminal 300 or the processor 110 of the wearable cardiac monitoring device 100;
  • the user terminal 300 or the processor 110 determines whether the action capability confirmation information of the user is received
  • the data analysis platform 100 matches the medical institution closest to the user, and sends the matched medical institution information to the user.
  • the data analysis platform 100 matches the medical institution closest to the user, and the user location information and the user's heart state.
  • the parameters are sent to the matching medical institutions, which facilitates the medical institutions to go to the rescue, and in many ways, to ensure the safety of the users to the greatest extent.
  • the invention provides a technical scheme for monitoring the heart state at any time and being convenient to wear, and adopts the combination of electrocardiogram and photoelectric method to perform cardiac condition monitoring, and the electrocardiogram monitoring has high accuracy, and the photoelectric monitoring has a relatively fast speed, and According to the need to choose different cardiac monitoring methods, both accuracy and real-time; the device is integrated in the wearing parts, the overall volume is small, easy to wear, to achieve monitoring of the heart anytime, anywhere, and will not cause the burden of users, improve users Experience.

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Abstract

一种可穿戴式心脏监测装置、心脏监测***及方法，装置（100）包括处理器（110）、心电信号采集单元（120）、光电信号采集单元（130）和电源（140），其中：处理器（110）判断当前处于心电采集模式还是光电采集模式；在心电采集模式下，心电信号采集单元（120）采集用户的心电信号；在光电采集模式下，光电信号采集单元（130）采集用户被测部位在光线照射下的光电信号。提供了一种随时监测心脏状态且佩戴方便的技术方案，采用心电和光电两种方式结合进行心脏状态监测，心电监测具有较高的准确度，光电监测具有较快的速度，兼具准确性和实时性；装置（100）集成于佩戴部件中，整体体积较小，佩戴方便，实现心脏随时随地的监测，并且不会造成用户携带的负担，提升用户体验。

Description

可穿戴式心脏监测装置、心脏监测***及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及健康监测技术领域，尤其涉及一种随时监测心脏状态且佩戴方便的可穿戴式心脏监测装置、心脏监测***及方法。
背景技术
心脏血管类疾病一直是人们主要的致病因子之一，而其中的心脏性猝死发病率近年来更呈不断上升的态势。因此，心脏状态的检测对于心脏疾病的早期发现十分重要。目前，人们通常是在医院中使用心电图进行心电信号检测，需要在人体粘贴多个测量电极，测量步骤繁杂，并且只能在某个瞬时观察和检测心电信号的特征。然而一些心脏疾病在人体中的反应并不是随时发生，有时在医院内使用心电图测量也不一定能够及时发现，使得很多人虽患心脏疾病却浑然不知，心脏疾病成为健康的隐藏杀手。
为了能够实现心脏状态的随时监测，现有技术中主要提出了如下两种技术：
(1)一种是采用动态心电图装置。动态心电图是一种可以长时间连续记录并编集分析人体心脏在活动和安静状态下心电图变化的方法。但是现有的动态心电图装置体积较大，携带十分不方便，对于佩戴动态心电图的用户来说是一个很大的负担，只有用户感觉到不舒服才不得已采用此种方式。并且，动态心电图只是动态获取用户的心电信号，并不能进行实时分析，具体分析还是要等一段时间后去医院请医生进行诊断，不具有实时性。
(2)现有技术中也出现了一些便携的心率检测装置，例如在智能手环中增加以光电方式测量心率的设备，然而这种方式受周围环境的光线和其他干扰的影响很大，测量不够准确，无法作为疾病诊断的准确依据。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种可穿戴式心脏监测装置、心脏监测***及方法，采用心电和光电两种方式结合进行心脏状态监测，集成于佩戴部件中，佩戴方便，心脏检测准确度高。
本发明实施例提供一种可穿戴式心脏监测装置，包括处理器、心电信号采集单元、光电信号采集单元和电源，所述电源同时为所述处理器、所述心电信号采集单元和所述光电信号采集单元进行供电，其中：
所述处理器判断当前处于心电采集模式还是光电采集模式；
在心电采集模式下，所述心电信号采集单元采集用户的心电信号；
在光电采集模式下，所述光电信号采集单元采集用户被测部位在光线照射下的光电信号。
优选地，所述心电信号包括用户的心动电流，所述心电信号采集单元包括：
第一电极，在心电采集模式下，所述第一电极靠近用户的心脏位置设置；以及
第二电极和第三电极，在心电采集模式下，所述第二电极和第三电极靠近用户皮肤设置，所述第一电极、第二电极和第三电极形成心动电流测量回路。
优选地，所述处理器、所述心电信号采集单元、所述光电信号采集单元和所述电源均设置于一佩戴部件上；
所述佩戴部件包括项链挂绳，所述第一电极位于所述项链挂绳的第一位置，所述第二电极和所述第三电极分别位于所述项链挂绳的第二位置和第三位置，且所述第二位置和所述第三位置到所述第一位置的距离相等；
用户佩戴所述项链挂绳时，所述第二位置和第三位置靠近用户脖颈的侧面，在心电采集模式下，所述第一位置靠近用户的心脏位置。
优选地，所述项链挂绳的内部设置有导电环，所述项链挂绳还连接有一项坠，所述处理器、所述心电信号采集单元、所述光电信号采集单元和所述电源均设置于所述项坠中，且所述第一电极通过所述导电环与所述第二电极和所述第三电极电连接。
优选地，所述项链挂绳与所述项坠连接的位置设置有一长度调节按钮，所述长度调节按钮处于调整状态时，所述项链挂绳的长度可调整。
优选地，所述项坠中还设置有一模式选择按钮，所述处理器当检测到所述模式选择按钮处于第一状态时，判断当前处于心电采集模式，当检测到所述模式选择按钮处于第二状态时，判断当前处于光电采集模式，当检测到所述模式选择按钮处于第三状态时，判断当前处于休眠模式。
优选地，所述处理器检测到所述电源的电量小于第一预设阈值而大于第二预设阈值时，控制所述模式切换至光电采集模式，并根据预设光电信号采集间隔周期控制所述光电信号采集单元采集光电信号；
所述处理器检测到所述电源的电量小于第二预设阈值时，控制所述模式切换至休眠模式。
优选地，所述光电信号为用户被测部位在光线照射下的反射光线，在光电采集模式时，所述光电信号采集单元靠近用户皮肤设置，且所述光电信号采集单元包括：
光线发射器，用于向用户皮肤表面照射光线；以及
光敏接收器，用于接收用户被测部位的反射光线。
优选地，还包括无线传输单元，用于将所述心电信号和/或所述光电信号发送至一数据分析平台，所述数据分析平台根据所述心电信号和/或所述光电信号分析得到心脏状态参数，所述心脏状态参数包括心电图指标数据和心率数据。
优选地，所述处理器接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知时，判断当前处于心电采集模式还是光电采集模式；
当前处于光电采集模式时，所述处理器控制所述无线传输单元将前一时段的心电信号 发送至所述数据分析平台，控制切换至心电采集模式，并提示用户使所述可穿戴式心脏监测装置处于可测心电状态。
优选地，还包括：
报警单元，用于当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知时，向用户推送报警信号；
用户信息输入单元，用于当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知时，接收用户的行动能力确认信息。
优选地，还包括定位单元，用于当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知时，自动获取用户的位置信息并发送至所述数据分析平台。
优选地，还包括显示单元，用于当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知，且所述用户信息输入单元接收到用户的行动能力确认信息时，显示所述数据分析平台匹配的与用户最接近的医疗机构信息。
本发明实施例还提供一种心脏监测***，包括所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置和一数据分析平台，所述数据分析平台用于根据所述心电信号和/或所述光电信号分析得到心脏状态参数。
优选地，还包括用户终端和/或医疗机构终端，所述数据分析平台还用于将所述心脏状态参数发送至所述用户终端和/或所述医疗机构终端。
优选地，所述数据分析平台分析判断所述心脏状态参数异常时，将心脏状态参数异常通知发送至所述用户终端；
所述用户终端显示所述心脏状态参数，以及当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知，且在预定时间内接收到用户的行动能力确认信息时，显示所述数据分析平台匹配的与用户最接近的医疗机构信息；
所述用户终端当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知，且在预定时间内未接收到用户的行动能力确认信息时，返回用户状态异常通知至所述数据分析平台；
所述数据分析平台接收到所述用户状态异常通知后，匹配与用户最接近的医疗机构，并将用户位置信息和用户的心脏状态参数发送至匹配的医疗机构。
本发明实施例还提供一种心脏监测方法，采用所述的心脏监测***，所述心脏监测方法包括如下步骤：
判断当前处于心电采集模式还是光电采集模式；
在心电采集模式下，采集用户的心电信号；
在光电采集模式下，采集用户被测部位在光线照射下的光电信号；
根据所述心电信号和/或所述光电信号分析得到用户的心脏状态参数。
本发明所提供的可穿戴式心脏监测装置、心脏监测***及方法具有下列优点：
本发明提供了一种随时监测心脏状态且佩戴方便的技术方案，采用心电和光电两种方式结合进行心脏状态监测，心电监测具有较高的准确度，光电监测具有较快的速度，可以 根据需要选择不同的心脏监测方式，兼具准确性和实时性；装置集成于佩戴部件中，整体体积较小，佩戴方便，实现心脏随时随地的监测，并且不会造成用户携带的负担，提升用户体验。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显。
图1是本发明一实施例的可穿戴式心脏监测装置的结构框图；
图2是本发明一实施例的心电信号采集单元的结构框图；
图3是本发明一实施例的光电信号采集单元的结构框图；
图4是本发明具有数据传输功能的可穿戴式心脏监测装置的结构框图；
图5是具有报警功能的可穿戴式心脏监测装置的结构框图；
图6是本发明具有定位功能的可穿戴式心脏监测装置的结构框图；
图7是本发明一实施例的可穿戴式心脏监测装置的结构示意图；
图8是本发明一实施例的项链式心脏监测装置的结构示意图；
图9是具有身体特征采集功能的可穿戴式心脏监测装置的结构框图；
图10是本发明一实施例的模式切换的方式示意图；
图11是本发明一实施例的心脏监测***的结构框图；
图12是本发明另一实施例的心脏监测***的结构框图；
图13是本发明一实施例的心脏监测方法的流程图；
图14是本发明另一实施例的心脏监测方法的流程图；
图15是本发明一实施例的心脏监测出现异常时的处理过程流程图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本发明将全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。在图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构，因而将省略对它们的重复描述。
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供一种可穿戴式心脏监测装置，所述可穿戴式心脏监测装置100包括处理器110、心电信号采集单元120、光电信号采集单元130和电源140，所述电源140同时为所述处理器110、心电信号采集单元120、光电信号采集单元130和电源140进行供电，其中：所述处理器110判断当前处于心电采集模式还是光电采集模式；在心电采集模式下，所述心电信号采集单元120采集用户的心电信号；在光电采集模式下，所述光电信号采集单元130采集用户被测部位在光线照射下的光电信号。
因此，本发明采用心电和光电两种方式结合进行心脏状态监测，心电监测具有较高的 准确度，光电监测具有较快的速度，可以根据需要选择不同的心脏监测方式。将处理器110、心电信号采集单元120、光电信号采集单元130和电源140集成在可穿戴于用户身上的便携装置，使用十分方便，可以随时进行心脏监测，使得采用本发明的装置的心脏监测兼具准确性和实时性。
所述心电信号，一般可以包括心动电流数据。心脏在搏动之前，心肌首先发生兴奋，在兴奋过程中产生微弱电流，即心动电流，该电流经人体组织向各部分传导。由于身体各部分的组织不同，各部分与心脏间的距离不同，因此在人体体表各部位，表现出不同的电位变化，因此，可以通过采集人体不同部位的电势的方式来测量心动电流。
如图2所示，本发明一实施例的心电信号采集单元包括第一电极121、第二电极122和第三电极123，其中在心电采集模式时，所述第一电极121靠近用户的心脏位置设置，所述第二电极122和第三电极123靠近用户皮肤设置，所述第一电极121、第二电极122和第三电极123形成心动电流测量回路。心动电流的测量相比于光电方式的测量更为准确，但是需要一定的持续测量时间。
将所述第二电极122和所述第三电极123相对于所述第一电极121对称设置，可以测量用户身体部位的电势，从而得到心动电流数据。
如图3所示，为本发明一实施例的光电信号采集单元的结构示意图。在光电采集模式时，所述光电信号采集单元靠近用户皮肤设置，且所述光电信号采集单元130包括光线发射器131，用于向用户皮肤表面照射光线；以及光敏接收器132，用于接收用户被测部位的反射光线。当处于光电采集模式下时，处理器110控制光线发射器131向用户皮肤发射光线，例如向用户皮肤发射红光，在心脏跳动时，血管中血液血红蛋白对红光的吸光度不同，从而使得皮肤的反射光线不同，通过光敏接收器132接收反射光线，反射光线的变化即可以反应心率。
采用光电的方式测量较为快速，可以满足及时性的要求，但是容易受外界光线、用户皮肤清洁度等因素的干扰，测量不够准确。因此，本发明将该种方式与心电测量的方式结合起来，可以根据需要选择不同的测量方式，需要得到较准确的测量数据时，保持心电测量模式，需要立刻得到心率数据时，可以进入光电测量模式。
此处列举的光电测量的方式仅为一种优选的实施方式。在实际应用中，采用光线发射器131向用户皮肤发射绿光也是可以的，光敏接收器132接收皮肤透射的光线，血管中的血液在脉动时会发生密度改变而引起透光率的变化，因此，光敏接收器132接收的透射光线的变化可以反应心率。采用光敏接收器132接收反射光的方式，可以将光线发射器131和光敏接收器132设置在用户皮肤的同一侧，而采用绿光的方式则测量准确度较高。
如图4所示，本发明的可穿戴式心脏监测装置还可以包括一个无线传输单元150，用于将所述心电信号和/或所述光电信号发送至一数据分析平台，所述数据分析平台根据所述心电信号和/或所述信号分析得到心脏状态参数。因此，不仅可以实现心电信号和/或光电信号的检测，还可以通过无线传输单元150向外部的数据分析平台发送，并且可以进一 步接收所述数据分析平台分析得到的心脏状态参数。
所述心脏状态参数优选可以包括心电图指标数据和心率。当心电信号采集单元采集到心电信号时，所述数据分析平台可以根据心电信号绘制心电图，并计算各项指标，例如心电图P波时间、振幅和形态，P-R周期时间等。而光电信号采集单元采集到光电信号时，数据分析平台可以根据光电信号得到用户的心率。
进一步地，所述处理器110还可以用于对所述心电信号进行滤波放大后转换成数字信号，以及可以用于对所述光电信号进行滤波放大后转换成数字信号；
在所述处理器110得到数字信号之后，所述无线传输单元150将所述心电信号所对应的数字信号和所述光电信号所对应的数字信号发送至所述数据分析平台。如果处理器110不进行数据的初步处理，则所述无线传输单元150可以将所述心电信号和所述光电信号直接发送至所述数据分析平台，由所述数据分析平台统一进行数据处理和数据分析。
如图5所示，本发明的可穿戴式心脏监测装置还可以包括报警单元160，用于当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知时，向用户推送报警信号。该报警单元160采用声音报警器、光学报警器或声光报警器均可。由此可以保证在实时监测心脏状态的过程中，一有异常情况及时通知到用户，避免心脏状态监测的滞后，从而实现心脏疾病的及早发现。
当所述数据分析平台接收到用户的心电信号并分析得到心电图指标数据时，如果发现心电图指标异常，则可以判断心脏可能出现异常情况，例如，P-R周期延长时，可能表示心室肥大和室内传导阻滞，ST段下移则可能表示心肌缺血，ST段上抬则可能表示急性心梗等急性病况。当数据分析平台接收到用户的心电信号并分析得到用户心率时，如果心率过快或者过慢，也可能表示心脏出现异常，需要及时通过所述报警单元160进行报警。
如图6所示，本发明的可穿戴式心脏监测装置还可以包括定位单元170，用于当接收到心脏状态参数异常通知时，自动获取用户的位置信息并且发送至外部的数据分析平台。进一步地，本发明的可穿戴式心脏监测装置还可以包括显示单元180和用户信息输入单元。用户信息输入单元用于获取用户的行动能力确认信息。
当处理器110接收到心脏状态参数异常通知时，首先要求用户确认是否仍有行动能力，如果在预定时间内接收到用户的行动能力确认信息，说明用户仍然具有行动和意识能力。这时候，定位单元170获取到用户的位置信息并且发送至数据分析平台，通过数据分析平台匹配最接近的医疗机构，并且将匹配的医疗机构信息发送至处理器110，处理器110控制显示单元180显示匹配的医疗机构信息。用户看到最接近的医疗机构时，可以就近前往医疗机构进行就医。
如果在预定时间内接收不到用户的行动能力确认信息，则可能用户已经不具有行动或意识能力，定位单元170获取到用户的位置信息并且发送至数据分析平台，通过数据分析平台匹配最接近的医疗机构后，数据分析平台将会把用户的位置信息和心脏状态参数发送至匹配的医疗机构，请医疗机构派出救援人员赶往指定地点实施救援，从而避免因为用户 无法自行前往就医而造成疾病的耽搁，极大限度地保证用户的安全。
本发明优选将所述处理器110、心电信号采集单元120、光电信号采集单元130和电源140均设置于一佩戴部件上，用户可以将所述佩戴部件佩戴在身体所对应的部位即可。由此，本发明的可穿戴式心脏监测装置佩戴十分方便，在使用过程中不会成为用户的负担，提升了用户的使用体验。
如图7所示，所述佩戴部件可以包括一环形圈，所述第一电极121、第二电极122和第三电极123均设置于所述环形圈上。在该实施例中，所述第一电极121位于所述环形圈的第一位置，所述第二电极122和第三电极123分别位于所述环形圈的第二位置和第三位置，且所述第二位置和所述第三位置到所述第一位置的距离相等。
如图8所示，该环形圈可以是项链挂绳1，所述项链挂绳1的内部设置有导电环，所述项链挂绳1还连接有一项坠2，所述第一电极121、所述光电信号采集单元130和所述处理器110均设置于所述项坠2中，且所述第一电极121通过所述导电环与所述第二电极122和第三电极123电连接。用户佩戴所述项链挂绳时，所述第二电极122和第三电极123靠近用户脖颈的侧面，在心电采集模式下，所述项坠2靠近用户的心脏位置。
在该实施例中，所述项坠2上还设置有作为报警单元的喇叭4，在心脏状态参数出现异常时，会及时发出报警信号，提醒用户注意。
进一步地，所述项链挂绳1与所述项坠2连接的位置可以设置有一长度调节按钮5，所述长度调节按钮5处于调整状态时，所述项链挂绳1的长度可调整。例如，可以在所述项链挂绳1和所述项坠2连接的位置设置一个扭簧，当按下长度调节按钮5时，通过传动机构松开扭簧，使得项链挂绳1的长度可调节，当松开长度调节按钮5时，恢复对扭簧的压力，使得项链挂绳1的长度固定。由于光电采集模式下，项坠只要靠近用户皮肤即可，无需靠近用户心脏设置，因此，在未采用心电采集模式时，用户可以为了舒适或美观自由调节项链挂绳1的长度，在采用心电采集模式时，需要调整项链挂绳1使得项坠2靠近用户心脏设置。
进一步地，所述项坠2中还设置有一模式选择按钮3，所述处理器110当检测到所述模式选择按钮3处于第一状态时，判断当前处于心电采集模式，当检测到所述模式选择按钮3处于第二状态时，判断当前处于光电采集模式。具体地，可以设置所述模式选择按钮3为三种状态，并分别对应不同的工作模式，如下列表1所示。
表1模式选择按钮状态与工作模式对应表
模式选择按钮状态 第一状态 第二状态 第三状态
工作模式 心电采集模式 光电采集模式 关闭
在使用过程中，可以设置装置的默认工作模式为心电采集模式，即由三个电极实时采集心动电流信号。当用户需要立刻获取到心率时，可以按动模式选择按钮，将其调整到第二状态，即进入光电采集模式，处理器110会控制光电信号采集单元130进行光电信号的 采集，更快速地获得心率信号。
进一步地，还可以根据电源140的电量检测来选择可穿戴式心脏监测装置的工作模式。当电源140的电量小于第二预设阈值时，则自动进入休眠状态，从而减小电量消耗，延长了可穿戴式心脏监测装置的使用时间。当用户需要切换至光电采集模式或心电采集模式时，可以通过操作所述模式选择按钮3来激活。在进入休眠状态之前，所述处理器110还可以进一步获取数据分析平台的心脏状态参数分析结果，如果在预定时间周期内心脏状态参数分析结果均表现为正常，则可以进入休眠状态，如果在预定时间周期内心脏状态参数分析结果出现过异常情况时，则不可以进入休眠状态，要继续进行心脏状态监测，避免用户出现突发情况。
当电源140的电量大于第二预设阈值而小于第一预设阈值时，如果当前处于心电采集模式，则处理器110可以控制进入光电采集模式，并且设定光电信号采集间隔周期，例如，间隔一小时测量一次光电信号，或间隔半小时测量一次光电信号。这样做的原因在于，心电采集模式是持续采集心电信号的，因此耗电量比较大，而光电信号则可以间隔较长时间后快速采集并且快速出结果，相对于心电采集来说更加省电一些，因此，在电量不足时，可以进入光电采集模式，通过光电采集模式进行监控。
该实施例中采用项链作为处理器110、心电信号采集单元120和光电信号采集单元130的载体，并将所述第二电极122和第三电极123设置在脖颈处。在佩戴项链时，项链的自然形状使其在人身体上有多个可以直接贴合皮肤的部位。并且项链的整体比较轻巧，用户在佩戴过程中不会有任何的不适，甚至可以在项链上增加装饰物，使其发挥装饰品的作用，携带方便，便于随时检测。
本发明的可穿戴式心脏监测装置还可以包括心脏状态参数推送单元，用于接收所述数据分析平台处理得到的心脏状态参数并推送至用户。具体地，心脏状态参数推送单元可以设置在佩戴部件上，例如，在项链的项坠2处设置一个显示屏，通过显示屏显示当前工作模式和部分关键数据，或者在项链挂绳1上设置数个指示灯，当检测数据正常时，指示灯显示绿色，当检测数据不正常时，指示灯显示红色等等。
如图9所示，本发明的可穿戴式心脏监测装置还可以包括身体特征采集单元190，用于采集用户的身体特征，具体地，身体特征可以是用户的体温数据、呼吸频率、体表湿度、血压等等，可以根据需要进行选择设置。身体特征采集单元190可以设置在项链的挂绳上，也可以设置在项链的项坠中。另外，可以进一步在本发明的可穿戴式心脏装置中增加测量人体其他参数的功能单元，例如测量皮肤表面湿度等，可以根据需要进行选择增加，进一步丰富可穿戴式心脏监测装置的功能。
如图10所示，所述处理器110还可以根据心脏状态参数的情况来切换工作模式，当所述处理器110接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知时，判断当前处于心电采集模式还是光电采集模式；
当前处于光电采集模式时，所述处理器110控制所述无线传输单元将前一时段的心电 信号发送至所述数据分析平台，并控制切换至心电采集模式。另外，由于用户可能之前已经调节了可穿戴式心脏监测装置的状态，例如调整了项链挂绳的长度，而使得第一电极121不再靠近用户心脏设置，或第二电极122和第三电极123不再靠近用户皮肤，可能会导致无法进行心电测量，因此，所述处理器110还需要提醒用户使可穿戴式心脏监测装置处于可测心电状态，此处可测心电状态是指所述第一电极121靠近用户心脏设置，且所述第二电极122和第三电极123靠近用户皮肤设置。
通过上述的工作模式切换方式，当数据分析平台分析得到的心脏状态参数有异常时，切换至另一种采集模式，以避免是因为前一种采集模式不准确而造成的误报警，通过两种采集模式来互相比较监督，保证最终得到的心脏状态参数的准确性。另外，在切换时，要保证数据分析平台能在一定时间内得到两种采集模式的信号，同时进行分析比较。
如图11所示，本发明实施例还提供一种心脏监测***，包括所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置100和一数据分析平台200，所述数据分析平台200用于根据所述心电信号和/或光电信号分析得到心脏状态参数。
本发明的心脏监测***，采用了物联网的架构，综合结合心电监测和光电检测两种方式，改变了动态心电图只能实时检测而无法实时获知心脏检测结果的滞后性。一旦心脏状态参数出现异常，用户可以及时获知。
如图12所示，所述心脏监测***还可以进一步包括用户终端300和/或医疗机构管理平台400，所述数据分析平台200还用于将所述心脏状态参数发送至所述用户终端300和/或所述监控终端。其中，所述数据分析平台200可以采用云端服务器，所述用户终端300可以是用户的手机、平板电脑或个人电脑等，所述医疗机构管理平台400可以是医院或救援中心的服务器或医生的个人电脑等。所述用户终端300可以通过数据分析平台200和可穿戴式心脏监测装置100进行数据交互，也可以直接通过无线网与所述可穿戴式心脏监测装置100进行数据交互，并承担一些数据显示和接收用户指令的任务。
通过这种方式，在用户终端300和医疗机构管理平台400等可以直接查看用户的心电图和心率等数据。如果医生在医疗机构管理平台400上看到心脏状态参数的异常，可以与用户联系；或者用户终端300中检测到心脏状态参数的异常而用户没有其他响应时，可以拨打救护电话等，从而避免了紧急病症得不到及时救治的情况。
如图13所示，本发明还提供一种心脏监测方法，采用所述的心脏监测***，所述心脏监测方法包括如下步骤：
S100：判断当前处于心电采集模式还是光电采集模式；
S200：在心电采集模式下，采集用户的心电信号；
S300：在光电采集模式下，采集用户被测部位在光线照射下的光电信号；
S400：根据所述心电信号和/或所述光电信号分析得到用户的心脏状态参数。
如图14所示，示出了本发明一实施例的心脏监测方法的流程图。在该实施例中，具有三种模式：关闭模式，心电采集模式和光电采集模式。具体方法包括如下步骤：
首先判断是否开启心电持续监测；
如果开启了心电持续监测，则进入心电采集模式，三个电极持续收集心动电流数据；
传输心动电流数据至云端的数据分析平台，由云端的数据分析平台分析数据；
分析结果是否正常，正常则结束当前流程，否则需要发出报警信号；
如果没有开启心电持续监测，则判断是否开启光电心率检测；
如果开启了光电心率检测，则进入光电采集模式，光线发射器发射光线，光敏接收器接收光线；
传输数据至云端的数据分析平台，由云端服务器分析数据；
分析结果是否正常，正常则结束当前流程，否则需要发出报警信号；
如果也没有开启光电心率检测，说明当前处于关闭模式，则直接结束当前流程。
上述关闭模式、心电采集模式和光电采集模式的设置仅为示例，在实际应用中，可以默认设置为开启，而取消关闭模式，或者进一步增加其他的例如体温检测模式等等，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
采用心电的方式测量较为准确，但是及时性不高，需要一定时间内持续测量才能得到比较准确的心电指标，而采用光电的方式测量较为快速，可以满足及时性的要求，但是容易受外界光线、用户皮肤清洁度等因素的干扰，测量不够准确。
因此，本发明的心脏监测方法将光电检测与心电测量的方式结合起来，可以根据需要选择不同的测量方式，需要得到较准确的测量数据时，保持心电测量模式，需要立刻得到心率数据时，可以进入光电测量模式。因此，本发明的方法可以兼具及时性和准确性两大优点，充分满足用户的使用需求。
如图15所示，为采用本发明的心脏监测方法获得的心脏状态参数出现异常时的处理方法，包括如下步骤：
云端服务器分析数据得到心脏状态参数，分析结果出现异常时，将心脏状态参数异常通知发送给用户终端300或可穿戴式心脏监测装置100的处理器110；
所述用户终端300或所述处理器110判断是否接收到用户的行动能力确认信息；
如果接收到用户的行动能力确认信息，说明用户仍有行动和意识能力，可以自己前往就医，则数据分析平台100匹配与用户最接近的医疗机构，并将匹配的医疗机构信息发送至所述用户终端300或所述处理器110；
如果没有接收到用户的行动能力确认信息，则说明用户可能没有行动和意识能力，无法自己前往就医，则数据分析平台100匹配与用户最接近的医疗机构，并将用户位置信息和用户的心脏状态参数发送至匹配的医疗机构，方便医疗机构前往救援，从多方面，最大程度的保证用户的安全。
本发明所提供的心脏监测***及方法具有下列优点：
本发明提供了一种随时监测心脏状态且佩戴方便的技术方案，采用心电和光电两种方式结合进行心脏状态监测，心电监测具有较高的准确度，光电监测具有较快的速度，可以 根据需要选择不同的心脏监测方式，兼具准确性和实时性；装置集成于佩戴部件中，整体体积较小，佩戴方便，实现心脏随时随地的监测，并且不会造成用户携带的负担，提升用户体验。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，包括处理器、心电信号采集单元、光电信号采集单元和电源，所述电源同时为所述处理器、所述心电信号采集单元和所述光电信号采集单元进行供电，其中：
    所述处理器判断当前处于心电采集模式还是光电采集模式；
    在心电采集模式下，所述心电信号采集单元采集用户的心电信号；
    在光电采集模式下，所述光电信号采集单元采集用户被测部位在光线照射下的光电信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，所述心电信号包括用户的心动电流，所述心电信号采集单元包括：
    第一电极，在心电采集模式下，所述第一电极靠近用户的心脏位置设置；以及
    第二电极和第三电极，在心电采集模式下，所述第二电极和第三电极靠近用户皮肤设置，所述第一电极、第二电极和第三电极形成心动电流测量回路。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，所述处理器、所述心电信号采集单元、所述光电信号采集单元和所述电源均设置于一佩戴部件上；
    所述佩戴部件包括项链挂绳，所述第一电极位于所述项链挂绳的第一位置，所述第二电极和所述第三电极分别位于所述项链挂绳的第二位置和第三位置，且所述第二位置和所述第三位置到所述第一位置的距离相等；
    用户佩戴所述项链挂绳时，所述第二位置和第三位置靠近用户脖颈的侧面，在心电采集模式下，所述第一位置靠近用户的心脏位置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，所述项链挂绳的内部设置有导电环，所述项链挂绳还连接有一项坠，所述处理器、所述心电信号采集单元、所述光电信号采集单元和所述电源均设置于所述项坠中，且所述第一电极通过所述导电环与所述第二电极和所述第三电极电连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，所述项链挂绳与所述项坠连接的位置设置有一长度调节按钮，所述长度调节按钮处于调整状态时，所述项链挂绳的长度可调整。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，所述项坠中还设置有一模式选择按钮，所述处理器当检测到所述模式选择按钮处于第一状态时，判断当前处于心电采集模式，当检测到所述模式选择按钮处于第二状态时，判断当前处于光电采集模式，当检测到所述模式选择按钮处于第三状态时，判断当前处于休眠模式。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，所述处理器检测到所述电源的电量小于第一预设阈值而大于第二预设阈值时，控制所述模式切换至光电采集模式，并根据预设光电信号采集间隔周期控制所述光电信号采集单元采集光电信号；
    所述处理器检测到所述电源的电量小于第二预设阈值时，控制所述模式切换至休眠模式。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，所述光电信号为用户被测部位在光线照射下的反射光线，在光电采集模式时，所述光电信号采集单元靠近用户皮肤设置，且所述光电信号采集单元包括：
    光线发射器，用于向用户皮肤表面照射光线；以及
    光敏接收器，用于接收用户被测部位的反射光线。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，还包括无线传输单元，用于将所述心电信号和/或所述光电信号发送至一数据分析平台，所述数据分析平台根据所述心电信号和/或所述光电信号分析得到心脏状态参数，所述心脏状态参数包括心电图指标数据和心率数据。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，所述处理器接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知时，判断当前处于心电采集模式还是光电采集模式；
    当前处于光电采集模式时，所述处理器控制所述无线传输单元将前一时段的心电信号发送至所述数据分析平台，控制切换至心电采集模式，并提示用户使所述可穿戴式心脏监测装置处于可测心电状态。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    报警单元，用于当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知时，向用户推送报警信号；
    用户信息输入单元，用于当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知时，接收用户的行动能力确认信息。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，还包括定位单元，用于当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知时，自动获取用户的位置信息并发送至所述数据分析平台。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置，其特征在于，还包括显示单元，用于当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知，且所述用户信息输入单元接收到用户的行动能力确认信息时，显示所述数据分析平台匹配的与用户最接近的医疗机构信息。
  14. 一种心脏监测***，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至13中任一项所述的可穿戴式心脏监测装置和一数据分析平台，所述数据分析平台用于根据所述心电信号和/或所述光电信号分析得到心脏状态参数。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的心脏监测***，其特征在于，还包括用户终端和/或医疗机构终端，所述数据分析平台还用于将所述心脏状态参数发送至所述用户终端和/或所述医疗机构终端。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的心脏监测***，其特征在于，所述数据分析平台分析判断所述心脏状态参数异常时，将心脏状态参数异常通知发送至所述用户终端；
    所述用户终端显示所述心脏状态参数，以及当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知，且在预定时间内接收到用户的行动能力确认信息时，显示所述数据分析平台匹配的与用户最接近的医疗机构信息；
    所述用户终端当接收到所述数据分析平台发送的心脏状态参数异常通知，且在预定时间内未接收到用户的行动能力确认信息时，返回用户状态异常通知至所述数据分析平台；
    所述数据分析平台接收到所述用户状态异常通知后，匹配与用户最接近的医疗机构，并将用户位置信息和用户的心脏状态参数发送至匹配的医疗机构。
  17. 一种心脏监测方法，其特征在于，采用权利要求14至16中任一项所述的心脏监测***，所述心脏监测方法包括如下步骤：
    判断当前处于心电采集模式还是光电采集模式；
    在心电采集模式下，采集用户的心电信号；
    在光电采集模式下，采集用户被测部位在光线照射下的光电信号；
    根据所述心电信号和/或所述光电信号分析得到用户的心脏状态参数。
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