WO2018107637A1 - Integral spin forming method for silicone oil damper housing of crankshaft - Google Patents

Integral spin forming method for silicone oil damper housing of crankshaft Download PDF

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WO2018107637A1
WO2018107637A1 PCT/CN2017/081585 CN2017081585W WO2018107637A1 WO 2018107637 A1 WO2018107637 A1 WO 2018107637A1 CN 2017081585 W CN2017081585 W CN 2017081585W WO 2018107637 A1 WO2018107637 A1 WO 2018107637A1
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wheel
shovel
spinning
mold
crankshaft
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PCT/CN2017/081585
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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唐季平
严军
周敏
潘益芳
薛克敏
代光旭
瞿方
张建新
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南通福乐达汽车配件有限公司
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Publication of WO2018107637A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018107637A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass

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  • the invention relates to a processing method of a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing, in particular to an overall spinning forming method of a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing and a processing method thereof.
  • crankshaft torsional vibration damper In order to reduce the torsional vibration of the crankshaft, improve the fatigue life of the crankshaft, and reduce the vibration and noise of the entire vehicle, modern vehicles will install the crankshaft torsional vibration damper at the front end of the crankshaft with the largest torsional vibration amplitude of the engine. According to the different ways of reducing the torsional vibration, it can be divided into three types: power type, damping type and composite type, and the crankshaft silicone oil shock absorber is a kind of damping shock absorber. This silicone oil damper requires a good seal and a large inertial body to ensure reliable operation and good use requirements.
  • a double-cylinder crankshaft silicone oil damper with a flange the conventional processing method is generally a method of integral casting, forging machining and tailor welding.
  • the whole casting is easy to produce shrinkage holes, shrinkage, etc., its mechanical properties can not be guaranteed, and the sealing property is also difficult to meet the requirements; forging machine processing has low material utilization rate, large machining allowance, metal flow lines are cut, and parts are resistant. Defects such as low corrosion performance. Due to the uneven distribution of chemical composition in the weld zone during tailor welding, the distribution of mechanical properties is not uniform, the dynamic balance of the product is poor, and its life and dynamic characteristics are greatly affected, which is prone to various quality problems.
  • the silicone oil damper housing and its manufacturing method disclosed in CN 101672340A although the welding process is adopted, its material utilization rate is not high, and at the same time, since the bottom of the cylindrical inner cylinder is directly welded to the basin In the middle of the outer cylinder, due to the defects of the welding itself, various welding defects are easily generated, and the concentricity of the inner and outer cylinders is also difficult to ensure, and the molding quality is difficult to control.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide an overall spinning forming method for a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing, and clarify specific control parameters of various processing steps, by which the product qualification rate is high, and The adaptability is strong, and a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing with good sealing performance, easy quality control and long service life can be prepared.
  • the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:
  • An overall spinning forming method for a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing comprises the following steps:
  • step b punching the hole: using a punching machine to punch the circular plate obtained in step a, punching the center hole, and obtaining a circular plate with a middle hole;
  • Shovel thickening Install the upper and lower molds and the shovel wheel on the CNC spinning machine to control the rotation speed of the upper and lower molds to 300 rpm, and use the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel to simultaneously shovel the circular sheet material.
  • the inner cylinder is formed on the circular plate, and the feed speed of the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel is controlled to be 5.0-6.0 mm/s, the thickness of the shovel is 1.5-1.7 mm, and the feed rate is 1.0-1.2 mm. /r;
  • Rotating the outer cylinder Install the upper and lower molds and the spinning wheel on the CNC spinning machine to control the rotation speed of the upper and lower molds to 250 rpm. Use the burring wheel to carry out the flanging treatment of the circular sheet material, and use the rotary flat wheel to perform the spinning treatment.
  • axial feed speed is 0.8 ⁇ 1.3mm/s
  • feed rate is 0.75 ⁇ 1.0mm/r
  • radial feed speed of rotary wheel is 1.5 ⁇ 2.0mm/s
  • feed The rate is 0.36 ⁇ 0.48mm/r;
  • Rotary teeth The outer surface of the outer cylinder in step d is pressed and deformed by the two rotating gears on the numerical control spinning machine, and the rotational speed of the upper and lower molds is controlled to be 200 rpm, and the radial feed speed of one pre-rotating gear is 1.0 ⁇ . 1.2mm/s, the feed rate is 0.30 ⁇ 0.36mm/r, the radial feed rate of another fine-rotor gear is 0.4-0.6mm/s, the feed rate is 0.12 ⁇ 0.18mm/r, and the shock absorber is prepared.
  • Semi-finished product of the casing
  • step e Machining: The semi-finished end face drilling hole formed in step e is drilled on the lathe to prepare the finished product.
  • the upper mold and the lower mold are respectively mounted on a universal mold of the spinning machine;
  • the shovel position can be directly cut in from the outer edge or directly cut from the end surface, start the spinning machine, the upper and lower dies
  • the mold is closed, and the upper and lower molds are controlled to rotate at a speed of 300 rpm.
  • the feed speeds of the first shovel and the second shovel are synchronously controlled to 5.0 to 6.0 mm/s, and the thickness of the shovel is 1.5 to 1.7 mm.
  • the sheet material rotates, and the shovel wheel applies a pressure to the circular sheet in the axial direction for the radial feeding movement. Since the shovel wheel and the sheet material rotate relative to each other, the two shovel wheels gradually cut into the sheet material to make part of the sheet.
  • the material gradually peels off, and at the same time, local continuous plastic deformation occurs.
  • the sheet material at the front end of the shovel wheel is more and more accumulated, and gradually shifts to the height direction.
  • Forming an inner cylinder under the joint action of the upper mold and the shovel wheel The thickness of the inner cylinder can reach 3 to 5 times the thickness of the material to be scooped, and the inner cylinder height can reach 15 to 25 times the thickness of the material to be scooped.
  • the upper mold and the lower mold are respectively mounted to the universal mold position of the spinning machine
  • the burring wheel and the slewing wheel are mounted on the spinning roller frame of the numerical control spinning machine, wherein the burring wheel and the slewing wheel are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the upper and lower dies, and the axis of the burring wheel and the upper and lower dies
  • the central axis is at an angle of 45°, and the rotary wheel is axially parallel to the central axis of the upper and lower molds;
  • the burring wheel adjusts the burring wheel to the starting position of the circular sheet flanging, start the spinning machine, mold the upper and lower molds, control the rotation speed of the upper and lower molds to 250 rpm, and the radial feed speed of the burring wheel is 3.0 to 4.0 mm. / s, the axial feed speed is 0.8 ⁇ 1.3mm / s, through the axial and radial synchronous feed of the burring wheel to achieve the rounding of the circular sheet material;
  • the lower end of the upper mold is provided with a semicircular rib with a spacing of 8 to 12 mm, the radius R of the rib is 0.3 mm, and the lower mold is an intermediate convex disc structure.
  • the first shovel shovel angle arc radius is 3 mm
  • the second shovel wheel shovel angle arc radius is 5 mm
  • the straight side dimension is greater than 30 mm
  • the straight side upper end adopts a 45° oblique side constraint.
  • the horizontal dimension of the oblique side is 2 ⁇ 4mm.
  • the flanging arc of the burring wheel is 20-30 mm
  • the outer side wall of the slewing wheel is a smooth surface structure
  • the groove can also be designed according to the outer rib structure, so that the rib is directly formed when the outer cylinder is flattened.
  • the inner cylinder is formed by a shovel thickening process, wherein two shovel wheels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sheet for shovel, and the speeds of the two shovel wheels are controlled to avoid the one-sided force of the sheet material.
  • the force is uneven, which causes the sheet material to shake, which causes the metal flow to be disordered.
  • the uniform force on both sides makes the stability during the shovel process improve, avoids metal turbulence caused by partial loading, improves the quality of the workpiece, and controls the feeding of the two shovel wheels.
  • the speed and feed rate ensure the stability of the inner cylinder growth process, ensure uniform thickness, and the height meets the requirements of the workpiece, improving the surface precision of the workpiece.
  • the outer cylinder is used for the process of rotating the outer cylinder, and the tumbling wheel is used for the spinning and thickening operation, and the horizontally arranged rotary wheel spinning operation not only ensures the uniform thickness of the outer cylinder, but also avoids the formation process.
  • the thinning of the rounded transition zone in addition to the structure of the ribs on the outer cylinder, the flattening wheel with the groove can complete the formation of the ribs in one process without additional machining operations, for the rotary tooth operation
  • machined teeth can be used instead of the rotary tooth operation.
  • the method for integrally spinning a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing disclosed by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: a method for forming a circular sheet by multi-pass spinning
  • the overall double-tube structure parts fully utilize the advantages of the spin forming process, avoiding the various deficiencies of the conventional processing technology, and the process scheme can also adapt to various changes in the size of the parts. Due to the overall spinning forming process, the inner and outer cylinders of the parts have high coaxiality, good sealing performance, long service life and excellent overall mechanical properties.
  • the forming process of the invention has the advantages of high production efficiency, high material utilization, easy quality control, good adaptability, and the like, and thus has good application value and development prospect.
  • the invention method also provides a better spinning mold design scheme and molding scheme for other different sizes of shovel parts, sprockets and double barrel parts, and has a high guiding significance.
  • Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the circular sheet blank obtained by the blanking process
  • Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the circular sheet blank obtained by punching the hole
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the inner cylinder of the casing obtained by the shovel thickening process
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the outer casing of the casing obtained by the process of swinging the outer cylinder;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the outer casing of the casing obtained by the process of rotating the outer cylinder;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a semi-finished product of a crankshaft silicone oil damper casing obtained by a rotary tooth process
  • Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the finished structure of the crankshaft silicone oil damper housing obtained by the machining process
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the mold of the shovel thickening process of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the assembly of a mold for the process of expanding the outer cylinder of the present invention.
  • the method for integrally forming a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing disclosed in the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • step b punching the hole: using a punching machine to punch the circular plate material obtained in step a, and obtain a circular plate with a middle hole (see Fig. 2).
  • the function of the middle hole facilitates the fixing and positioning of the subsequent process. .
  • the first stage of the shovel is to control the upper and lower mold rotation speed to be 300 rpm.
  • the first shovel wheel is cut into a certain depth from the end face of the sheet and then fed in the radial direction by 20 to 30 mm.
  • the second shovel wheel contacts the sheet on the symmetrical side. It can restrain the slab and avoid lifting.
  • the cutting speed of the first shovel is controlled at 1.0mm/, the cutting depth of the shovel is 1.5 ⁇ 1.7mm, and the radial feed speed is 5.0 ⁇ 6.0mm/ s;
  • the second stage of the shovel is to control the upper and lower mold rotation speed to 300 rpm, the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel cooperate on the subsequent shovel process, and finally the upper mold, the first shovel wheel and the second shovel At the same time of the wheel, an inner cylinder satisfying the effective height and the wall thickness is obtained.
  • the radial feed speed of the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel is 5.0 to 6.0 mm/s.
  • the upper mold and the lower mold are respectively mounted to the universal mold position of the spinning machine
  • the burring wheel and the slewing wheel are mounted on the spinning roller frame of the numerical control spinning machine, wherein the burring wheel and the slewing wheel are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the upper and lower dies, and the axis of the burring wheel and the upper and lower dies
  • the central axis is at an angle of 45°, and the rotary wheel is axially parallel to the central axis of the upper and lower molds;
  • the flattening wheel realizes the flattening treatment of the outer surface of the outer cylinder, and ensures the uniform thickness of the upper and lower parts of the outer cylinder, and avoids the thinning of the rounded corner area.
  • Rotary teeth The outer surface of the outer cylinder in step d is pressed and deformed by the two rotating gears on the numerical control spinning machine, and the rotational speed of the upper and lower molds is controlled to be 200 rpm, and the radial feed speed of one pre-rotating gear is 1.0 ⁇ . 1.2mm/s, feed rate 0.30 ⁇ 0.36mm/r, another fine-rotor gear radial feed rate is 0.4 ⁇ 0.6mm/s, feed rate is 0.12 ⁇ 0.18mm/r, and the shock absorber shell is prepared. Semi-finished product (as shown in Figure 6).
  • step e Machining: The hole is drilled into the end face of the semi-finished product formed in step e, and the casing is partially machined on the lathe to prepare the finished product (see Figure 7).
  • the lower end of the upper mold 2 is provided with a semicircular rib 8 with a spacing of 8 to 12 mm, the radius R of the rib is 0.3 mm, and the lower mold 4 is a disc structure with a convex shape in the middle.
  • the sheet material 3 is placed on the lower mold, and is positioned by the intermediate protrusions.
  • the upper mold ribs and the intermediate protrusions are fixed after the upper and lower molds are closed, and the sheet material can be prevented from being unstable during the shovel.
  • the radius of the shovel angle of the shovel wheel 1 is 3 mm
  • the radius of the shovel angle of the second shovel 5 is 5 mm
  • the size of the straight side 9 is related to the height of the inner cylinder, not less than 30 mm
  • the local constraint is adopted due to the structure of the shovel wheel. Therefore, the effective height and thickness of the inner cylinder are ensured, and the forming load is small compared with the fully enclosed structure.
  • the upper mold 13 and the lower mold 14 are clamped, and the flange of the burring wheel 13 in the step d4 is 20 to 30 mm, and the feeding of the burring wheel 13 is performed during the burring operation.
  • the outer cylinder 16 is gradually subjected to a spinning thickening operation, and is combined with the horizontally arranged rotary wheel 15 to perform a spinning operation, thereby effectively avoiding the thinning of the rounded transition zone, and the outer side wall of the rotary flat wheel is a smooth surface structure, and may also be externally The groove convex structure design groove, so that the outer cylinder directly forms a convex rib when it is flat.
  • the outer end of the shovel is changed by changing the starting position of the shovel while ensuring that the size of the inner cylinder meets the requirements.
  • the thickness of the rounded transition zone can be avoided by using the spin-drying process as in the embodiment, thereby avoiding the thinning of the rounded transition zone and ensuring the effective thickness of the outer cylinder;
  • the thickness of the outer cylinder can be reduced by increasing the feed amount of the rotary wheel during the forming process, thereby improving the material utilization rate.

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Abstract

An integral spin forming method for the silicone oil damper housing of a crankshaft, comprising the following steps: a) blanking; b) punching a central hole; c) performing shoveling and spinning to increase the thickness, i.e. performing a shoveling and spinning operation on a circular sheet (3) on a computerized numerical control spinning machine using a first shoveling and spinning wheel (1) and a second shoveling and spinning wheel (5) simultaneously, and forming an inner cylinder on the circular sheet (3); d) extending and spinning to form an outer cylinder, i.e. performing flanging processing on the circular sheet (3) on the computerized numerical control spinning machine using a flanging wheel (13), and performing spinning processing using a spinning and flattening wheel (15) so as to form an outer cylinder on the circular sheet (3) which is concentric with the inner cylinder; e) forming teeth by spinning; and f) machine processing. The integral spin forming method is highly adaptable, the silicone oil damper housing of a crankshaft which is made using the method has good sealing performance, allows the quality to be easily controlled, and has a long service life.

Description

一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的整体旋压成型方法Integral spinning forming method for crankshaft silicone oil damper housing 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的加工方法，尤其涉及一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的整体旋压成型方法及其加工方法。The invention relates to a processing method of a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing, in particular to an overall spinning forming method of a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing and a processing method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
为了消减曲轴的扭转振动，提高曲轴的疲劳寿命，减少整车的振动和噪音，现代的汽车都会在发动机扭振振幅最大的曲轴前端安装曲轴扭振减震器。根据降低扭振方式的不同，可分为动力式、阻尼式和复合式三种，而曲轴硅油减震器就属于阻尼减震器的一种。这种硅油减震器需要良好的密封和较大的惯性体，才能保证工作可靠，达到良好的使用要求。In order to reduce the torsional vibration of the crankshaft, improve the fatigue life of the crankshaft, and reduce the vibration and noise of the entire vehicle, modern vehicles will install the crankshaft torsional vibration damper at the front end of the crankshaft with the largest torsional vibration amplitude of the engine. According to the different ways of reducing the torsional vibration, it can be divided into three types: power type, damping type and composite type, and the crankshaft silicone oil shock absorber is a kind of damping shock absorber. This silicone oil damper requires a good seal and a large inertial body to ensure reliable operation and good use requirements.
一种带法兰盘的双筒形的曲轴硅油减震器，传统的加工方法一般为整体铸造、锻造机加工及拼焊的方式。整体铸造易产生缩孔、缩松等，其机械性能无法保证，密封性也很难满足要求；锻造机加工存在材料利用率较低，机加工余量大，金属流线被切断，零件的抗腐蚀性能低等缺陷。拼焊时由于焊接区的化学成分分布不均匀，从而导致力学性能分布不均匀，产品的动平衡差，其寿命及动态特性会受到很大的影响，易出现多种质量问题。如公开号为CN 101672340A的《硅油减振器壳体及其制造方法》，虽然采用了焊接工艺，但是它的材料利用率却不高，同时由于圆筒状内筒的底部是直接焊接在盆状外筒的中部，受焊接自身缺陷的影响，容易产生各种焊接缺陷，内外筒同心度也难以保证，其成型质量难以控制。A double-cylinder crankshaft silicone oil damper with a flange, the conventional processing method is generally a method of integral casting, forging machining and tailor welding. The whole casting is easy to produce shrinkage holes, shrinkage, etc., its mechanical properties can not be guaranteed, and the sealing property is also difficult to meet the requirements; forging machine processing has low material utilization rate, large machining allowance, metal flow lines are cut, and parts are resistant. Defects such as low corrosion performance. Due to the uneven distribution of chemical composition in the weld zone during tailor welding, the distribution of mechanical properties is not uniform, the dynamic balance of the product is poor, and its life and dynamic characteristics are greatly affected, which is prone to various quality problems. For example, the silicone oil damper housing and its manufacturing method disclosed in CN 101672340A, although the welding process is adopted, its material utilization rate is not high, and at the same time, since the bottom of the cylindrical inner cylinder is directly welded to the basin In the middle of the outer cylinder, due to the defects of the welding itself, various welding defects are easily generated, and the concentricity of the inner and outer cylinders is also difficult to ensure, and the molding quality is difficult to control.
针对焊接缺陷的问题，出现了一种硅油减震器壳体的成型方法(申请号为2012105894302)其加工步骤为下料，冲孔，铲旋，折弯，旋压及机加工，通过该加工步骤可以制备出整体成型的内筒及外筒，避免焊接的缺陷，但该申请中 对铲旋的具体操作，使用何种铲旋轮，轮子之间的排布都没有进行描述，且铲旋时工艺如何控制才能获得厚度均匀的内筒也没有进行描述，而且对于外筒的成型该申请中采用的是冲压折弯，这种工艺在外筒圆角过渡区会出现欠料缺陷，从而导致过渡区减薄从而影响性能，此外这种工艺在齿面有较大凸筋时还需要进行旋轮聚料，不仅增加了工序的繁琐性，而且适应性差。Aiming at the problem of welding defects, a molding method of silicone oil damper housing (application number 2012105894302) has appeared. The processing steps are cutting, punching, shovel, bending, spinning and machining. The steps can be used to prepare the integrally formed inner and outer cylinders to avoid welding defects, but in the application Regarding the specific operation of the shovel, which shovel wheel is used, the arrangement between the wheels is not described, and how to control the shovel process to obtain a uniform inner cylinder is also not described, and the outer cylinder is formed. The application uses stamping and bending. This process will cause defects in the transition zone of the outer cylinder, which will lead to the thinning of the transition zone and affect the performance. In addition, this process needs to be provided when the tooth surface has large ribs. The rotation of the rotating wheel not only increases the cumbersomeness of the process, but also has poor adaptability.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的整体旋压成型方法，明确了各项加工步骤的具体控制参数，通过该成型方法产品合格率高，且适应性强，可以制备出一种密封性能良好，质量易于控制，且使用寿命长的曲轴硅油减震器壳体。The object of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide an overall spinning forming method for a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing, and clarify specific control parameters of various processing steps, by which the product qualification rate is high, and The adaptability is strong, and a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing with good sealing performance, easy quality control and long service life can be prepared.
为实现上述目的，本发明提出如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:
一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的整体旋压成型方法，包括如下步骤：An overall spinning forming method for a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing comprises the following steps:
a、落料：采用8～11mm厚的热轧厚钢板，对板材进行剪切落料获得圆形板料；a, blanking: using 8 ~ 11mm thick hot-rolled thick steel plate, cutting and blanking the board to obtain a circular sheet;
b、冲中孔：利用冲床对步骤a所获得的圆形板料进行冲中心孔，制得带中孔的圆形板料；b. punching the hole: using a punching machine to punch the circular plate obtained in step a, punching the center hole, and obtaining a circular plate with a middle hole;
c、铲旋增厚：在数控旋压机上安装上下模具及铲旋轮，控制上下模具转速为300rpm，利用第一铲旋轮和第二铲旋轮同时对圆形板料进行铲旋操作，在圆形板料上形成内筒，控制第一铲旋轮和第二铲旋轮进给速度为5.0～6.0mm/s，铲旋厚度为1.5～1.7mm，进给率1.0～1.2mm/r；c. Shovel thickening: Install the upper and lower molds and the shovel wheel on the CNC spinning machine to control the rotation speed of the upper and lower molds to 300 rpm, and use the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel to simultaneously shovel the circular sheet material. The inner cylinder is formed on the circular plate, and the feed speed of the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel is controlled to be 5.0-6.0 mm/s, the thickness of the shovel is 1.5-1.7 mm, and the feed rate is 1.0-1.2 mm. /r;
d、展旋外筒：在数控旋压机上安装上下模具及旋压轮，控制上下模具转速为250rpm，利用翻边轮对圆形板料进行翻边处理，利用旋平轮进行旋压处理，以在圆形板料上形成与内筒同心的外筒，控制翻边轮的径向进给速度为 3.0～4.0mm/s、轴向进给速度为0.8～1.3mm/s，进给率为0.75～1.0mm/r，旋平轮的径向进给速度为1.5～2.0mm/s，进给率0.36～0.48mm/r；d. Rotating the outer cylinder: Install the upper and lower molds and the spinning wheel on the CNC spinning machine to control the rotation speed of the upper and lower molds to 250 rpm. Use the burring wheel to carry out the flanging treatment of the circular sheet material, and use the rotary flat wheel to perform the spinning treatment. To form an outer cylinder concentric with the inner cylinder on the circular sheet, and control the radial feed speed of the burring wheel to 3.0～4.0mm/s, axial feed speed is 0.8～1.3mm/s, feed rate is 0.75～1.0mm/r, radial feed speed of rotary wheel is 1.5～2.0mm/s, feed The rate is 0.36~0.48mm/r;
e、旋齿：在数控旋压机上利用两个旋齿轮对步骤d中外筒外表面旋压制得齿形，控制上下模具的转速为200rpm，一个预旋齿轮的径向进给速度为1.0～1.2mm/s，进给率0.30～0.36mm/r，另一个精旋齿轮径向进给速度为0.4～0.6mm/s，进给率为0.12～0.18mm/r，，制备得到减震器壳体半成品；e. Rotary teeth: The outer surface of the outer cylinder in step d is pressed and deformed by the two rotating gears on the numerical control spinning machine, and the rotational speed of the upper and lower molds is controlled to be 200 rpm, and the radial feed speed of one pre-rotating gear is 1.0~. 1.2mm/s, the feed rate is 0.30~0.36mm/r, the radial feed rate of another fine-rotor gear is 0.4-0.6mm/s, the feed rate is 0.12~0.18mm/r, and the shock absorber is prepared. Semi-finished product of the casing;
f、机加工：对步骤e形成的半成品端面钻安装孔，在车床上对壳体局部进行车加工，制备出成品。f. Machining: The semi-finished end face drilling hole formed in step e is drilled on the lathe to prepare the finished product.
所述步骤c中铲旋增厚的具体步骤为：The specific steps of the shovel thickening in the step c are:
c1、将上模具和下模具分别安装到旋压机的通用模具上；C1, the upper mold and the lower mold are respectively mounted on a universal mold of the spinning machine;
c2、将两个铲旋轮分别安装在旋压机的两个旋压滚轮架上，并调整好两个铲旋轮的位置，使其位于圆形板料两侧，且两个铲旋轮的连接线与圆形板料中心孔位于同一直线，同时两个铲旋轮的轮轴线与上下模具的中心轴线45°夹角；C2. Install two shovel wheels on the two spinning roller frames of the spinning machine, and adjust the position of the two shovel wheels so that they are located on both sides of the circular plate, and two shovel wheels The connecting line is in the same line as the central hole of the circular sheet, and the wheel axis of the two scoring wheels is at an angle of 45° with the central axis of the upper and lower molds;
c3、将步骤b获得的带中孔的圆形板料送料到下模具上；C3, feeding the circular sheet with the middle hole obtained in step b to the lower mold;
c4、将第一铲旋轮及第二铲旋轮移动到预设的初始铲旋位置，铲旋位置的选择可以从外缘直接向内切入或从端面直接切入，启动旋压机，上下模具合模，控制上下模具转动速度为300rmp，第一铲旋轮和第二铲旋轮的进给速度同步控制为5.0～6.0mm/s，铲旋厚度为1.5～1.7mm，随着模具带动圆形板料转动，铲旋轮对圆形板料在轴向施加压力作径向进给运动，由于铲旋轮与板料产生相对转动，故而两个铲旋轮逐渐切入板料中使得部分板料逐渐剥离，同时产生局部连续的塑性变形，随着铲旋轮在径向的进给，铲旋轮前端的板料堆积越来越多，逐渐向高度方向转移，在接触到上模具后，在上模具和铲旋轮的共同作用下形成内筒，该 内筒的厚度可以达到被铲起材料厚度的3～5倍，而内筒高度可以达到被铲起材料厚度的15～25倍。C4, moving the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel to a preset initial shovel position, the shovel position can be directly cut in from the outer edge or directly cut from the end surface, start the spinning machine, the upper and lower dies The mold is closed, and the upper and lower molds are controlled to rotate at a speed of 300 rpm. The feed speeds of the first shovel and the second shovel are synchronously controlled to 5.0 to 6.0 mm/s, and the thickness of the shovel is 1.5 to 1.7 mm. The sheet material rotates, and the shovel wheel applies a pressure to the circular sheet in the axial direction for the radial feeding movement. Since the shovel wheel and the sheet material rotate relative to each other, the two shovel wheels gradually cut into the sheet material to make part of the sheet. The material gradually peels off, and at the same time, local continuous plastic deformation occurs. As the shovel wheel feeds in the radial direction, the sheet material at the front end of the shovel wheel is more and more accumulated, and gradually shifts to the height direction. After contacting the upper mold, Forming an inner cylinder under the joint action of the upper mold and the shovel wheel, The thickness of the inner cylinder can reach 3 to 5 times the thickness of the material to be scooped, and the inner cylinder height can reach 15 to 25 times the thickness of the material to be scooped.
所述步骤d中展旋外筒的具体步骤为：The specific steps of the outer cylinder in the step d are as follows:
d1、将上模具和下模具分别安装到旋压机的通用模具位置上；D1, the upper mold and the lower mold are respectively mounted to the universal mold position of the spinning machine;
d2、将翻边轮和旋平轮安装到数控旋压机的旋压滚轮架上，其中翻边轮与旋平轮对称分布在上下模具两侧，所述翻边轮的轴线与上下模具的中心轴线呈45°夹角，所述旋平轮轴向与上下模具的中心轴线平行；D2, the burring wheel and the slewing wheel are mounted on the spinning roller frame of the numerical control spinning machine, wherein the burring wheel and the slewing wheel are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the upper and lower dies, and the axis of the burring wheel and the upper and lower dies The central axis is at an angle of 45°, and the rotary wheel is axially parallel to the central axis of the upper and lower molds;
d3、将步骤c获得的壳体半成品送料到下模具上；D3, feeding the shell semi-finished product obtained in step c to the lower mold;
d4、将翻边轮调整到圆形板料翻边起始位置，启动旋压机，上下模具合模，控制上下模具转动速度为250rpm，翻边轮的径向进给速度为3.0～4.0mm/s、轴向进给速度为0.8～1.3mm/s，通过翻边轮轴向及径向同步进给实现对圆形板料的展旋翻边；D4, adjust the burring wheel to the starting position of the circular sheet flanging, start the spinning machine, mold the upper and lower molds, control the rotation speed of the upper and lower molds to 250 rpm, and the radial feed speed of the burring wheel is 3.0 to 4.0 mm. / s, the axial feed speed is 0.8 ~ 1.3mm / s, through the axial and radial synchronous feed of the burring wheel to achieve the rounding of the circular sheet material;
d5、启动旋平轮对翻边后的板料进行旋压处理，控制上下模具转速为250rpm，旋平轮的径向进给速度为1.5～2.0mm/s，通过旋平轮实现对外筒外表面的压平处理，并保证外筒上下各部厚度均匀，且避免折弯圆角区的减薄情况。D5, start the rotary wheel to spin the sheet after the flanging, control the upper and lower mold speed is 250rpm, the radial feed speed of the rotary wheel is 1.5 ~ 2.0mm / s, through the flat wheel to achieve outside the outer tube The surface is flattened, and the thickness of the upper and lower parts of the outer cylinder is uniform, and the thinning of the rounded corner area is avoided.
所述步骤c1中上模具下端设有间隔8～12mm的半圆凸筋，该凸筋的半径R为0.3mm，下模具为中间凸起的圆盘结构。In the step c1, the lower end of the upper mold is provided with a semicircular rib with a spacing of 8 to 12 mm, the radius R of the rib is 0.3 mm, and the lower mold is an intermediate convex disc structure.
所述步骤c4中第一铲旋轮铲旋角圆弧半径为3mm，第二铲旋轮铲旋角圆弧半径为5mm，直边尺寸大于30mm，直边上端采用45°的斜边约束，斜边与上下直边采用R＝2～4mm圆弧过渡，斜边水平尺寸为2～4mm。In the step c4, the first shovel shovel angle arc radius is 3 mm, the second shovel wheel shovel angle arc radius is 5 mm, the straight side dimension is greater than 30 mm, and the straight side upper end adopts a 45° oblique side constraint. The oblique side and the upper and lower straight sides adopt a circular arc of R=2~4mm, and the horizontal dimension of the oblique side is 2~4mm.
所述步骤d4中翻边轮的翻边弧度为20～30mm，所述旋平轮外侧壁为光面结构，也可以根据外筒凸筋结构设计凹槽，使得外筒旋平时直接形成凸筋。 In the step d4, the flanging arc of the burring wheel is 20-30 mm, and the outer side wall of the slewing wheel is a smooth surface structure, and the groove can also be designed according to the outer rib structure, so that the rib is directly formed when the outer cylinder is flattened. .
本发明中内筒的成形采用铲旋增厚工艺，其中两个铲旋轮对称设置在板料两侧进行铲旋，且控制两个铲旋轮的速度一样，避免板料单侧受力造成受力不均，而引起板料抖动从而造成金属流动紊乱，双面均匀受力使得铲旋过程中稳定性提高，避免局部加载造成金属紊乱，提高工件质量，同时控制两个铲旋轮进给速度以及进给率，确保内筒生长过程稳定，保证厚度上下均匀，且高度达到工件要求，提高工件表面精度。In the invention, the inner cylinder is formed by a shovel thickening process, wherein two shovel wheels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sheet for shovel, and the speeds of the two shovel wheels are controlled to avoid the one-sided force of the sheet material. The force is uneven, which causes the sheet material to shake, which causes the metal flow to be disordered. The uniform force on both sides makes the stability during the shovel process improve, avoids metal turbulence caused by partial loading, improves the quality of the workpiece, and controls the feeding of the two shovel wheels. The speed and feed rate ensure the stability of the inner cylinder growth process, ensure uniform thickness, and the height meets the requirements of the workpiece, improving the surface precision of the workpiece.
对于外筒的成形采用展旋外筒工序，采用翻边轮进行进行旋压增厚操作，配合水平设置的旋平轮旋压操作，不仅确保外筒上下厚度一致，而且可以避免成形过程中造成圆角过渡区的减薄，此外针对外筒上有凸筋的结构，配合具有凹槽的旋平轮可以在一个工序中就完成凸筋的形成，无需额外的机加工操作，对于旋齿操作，除了可以采用旋压机配合旋齿***作外，在精度要求高的前提下，可以采用机加工齿代替旋齿操作。For the forming of the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is used for the process of rotating the outer cylinder, and the tumbling wheel is used for the spinning and thickening operation, and the horizontally arranged rotary wheel spinning operation not only ensures the uniform thickness of the outer cylinder, but also avoids the formation process. The thinning of the rounded transition zone, in addition to the structure of the ribs on the outer cylinder, the flattening wheel with the groove can complete the formation of the ribs in one process without additional machining operations, for the rotary tooth operation In addition to the use of the spinning machine with the rotary gear operation, under the premise of high precision requirements, machined teeth can be used instead of the rotary tooth operation.
与现有技术相比，本发明揭示的一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的整体旋压成型方法，具有如下有益效果：为一种将圆形板料经过多道次旋压成形出带有整体双筒结构的零件，充分发挥了旋压成形工艺的优点，避免了常规加工工艺的各种不足，同时本工艺方案也可适应零件尺寸上的多种变化。由于采用整体旋压成形工艺，其零件内外筒同轴度高、密封性能良好、使用寿命有保证、整体力学性能较优。同时，本发明的成形工艺还具有生产效率高、材料利用高、质量易于控制、适应性好等优点，因而具有很好的应用价值和发展前景。Compared with the prior art, the method for integrally spinning a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing disclosed by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: a method for forming a circular sheet by multi-pass spinning The overall double-tube structure parts fully utilize the advantages of the spin forming process, avoiding the various deficiencies of the conventional processing technology, and the process scheme can also adapt to various changes in the size of the parts. Due to the overall spinning forming process, the inner and outer cylinders of the parts have high coaxiality, good sealing performance, long service life and excellent overall mechanical properties. At the same time, the forming process of the invention has the advantages of high production efficiency, high material utilization, easy quality control, good adaptability, and the like, and thus has good application value and development prospect.
同时该发明方法也为其它不同尺寸的铲旋类零件、展旋翻边类零件以及双筒形零件提供了较好的旋压模具设计方案和成型方案，具有较高的指导意义。At the same time, the invention method also provides a better spinning mold design scheme and molding scheme for other different sizes of shovel parts, sprockets and double barrel parts, and has a high guiding significance.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1～图7是本发明所述的曲轴硅油减震器壳体成型方法中，各工序制得毛坯 的结构示意图及工艺流程，其中：1 to 7 show a blank for producing a crankshaft silicone oil damper casing according to the present invention. Structure diagram and process flow, wherein:
图1：落料工序得到的圆形板料毛坯结构示意图；Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the circular sheet blank obtained by the blanking process;
图2：冲中孔制得的圆形板料毛坯结构示意图；Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the circular sheet blank obtained by punching the hole;
图3：铲旋增厚工序制得的壳体内筒结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the inner cylinder of the casing obtained by the shovel thickening process;
图4：展旋外筒翻边工序制得的壳体外筒结构示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the outer casing of the casing obtained by the process of swinging the outer cylinder;
图5：展旋外筒旋平工序制得的壳体外筒结构示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the outer casing of the casing obtained by the process of rotating the outer cylinder;
图6：旋齿工序制得的曲轴硅油减震器壳体半成品的结构示意图；Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a semi-finished product of a crankshaft silicone oil damper casing obtained by a rotary tooth process;
图7：机加工工序制得的曲轴硅油减震器壳体成品的结构示意图；Figure 7: Schematic diagram of the finished structure of the crankshaft silicone oil damper housing obtained by the machining process;
图8是本发明铲旋增厚工序的模具装配示意图；Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the mold of the shovel thickening process of the present invention;
图9是本发明展旋外筒工序的模具装配示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the assembly of a mold for the process of expanding the outer cylinder of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合附图对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1～7所示，本发明所揭示的一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的整体旋压成型方法，具体包括如下步骤：As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 , the method for integrally forming a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing disclosed in the present invention comprises the following steps:
a、落料：采用8～11mm厚的热轧厚钢板，对板材进行剪切落料获得圆形板料(参见图1)。a, blanking: using 8 ~ 11mm thick hot-rolled thick steel plate, the board is cut and blanked to obtain a circular sheet (see Figure 1).
b、冲中孔：利用冲床对步骤a所获得的圆形板料进行冲中心孔，制得带中孔的圆形板料(参见图2)，中孔的作用便于后续工序的固定和定位。b. punching the hole: using a punching machine to punch the circular plate material obtained in step a, and obtain a circular plate with a middle hole (see Fig. 2). The function of the middle hole facilitates the fixing and positioning of the subsequent process. .
c、铲旋增厚：在数控旋压机上利用两个铲旋轮对步骤b中的圆形板料在轴向施加压力并作径向进给运动，在圆形板料上形成具有一定壁厚和高度的内筒(参见图3)，具体步骤为:c. Shovel thickening: Applying pressure to the circular sheet in step b by using two shovel wheels on the numerical control spinning machine, and making radial feeding motion, forming a certain shape on the circular sheet. The inner cylinder of wall thickness and height (see Figure 3), the specific steps are:
c1、将上模具和下模具分别安装到旋压机的通用模具位置上； C1, respectively, the upper mold and the lower mold are respectively mounted on the universal mold position of the spinning machine;
c2、将两个铲旋轮分别安装在旋压机的两个旋压滚轮架上，并调整好两个铲旋轮的位置，使其位于圆形板料两侧，且两个铲旋轮的连接线与圆形板料中心孔位于同一直线，同时两个铲旋轮的轮轴线与上下模具的中心轴线呈45°夹角；C2. Install two shovel wheels on the two spinning roller frames of the spinning machine, and adjust the position of the two shovel wheels so that they are located on both sides of the circular plate, and two shovel wheels The connecting line is in the same line as the central hole of the circular sheet, and the wheel axis of the two scoring wheels is at an angle of 45° with the central axis of the upper and lower molds;
c3、将步骤b获得的带中孔的圆形板料送料到下模具上；C3, feeding the circular sheet with the middle hole obtained in step b to the lower mold;
c4、将第一铲旋轮及第二铲旋轮移动到预设的初始铲旋位置，铲旋位置的选择可以从外缘直接向内切入或从端面直接切入，本实施例中采用端面直接切入，启动旋压机，上下模具合模，控制上下模具转动速度为300rmp，铲旋轮做被动旋转，第一铲旋轮和第二铲旋轮的进给速度同步控制为5.0～6.0mm/s，铲旋厚度为1.5～1.7mm，随着模具带动圆形板料转动，铲旋轮对圆形板料在轴向施加压力作径向进给运动，由于铲旋轮与板料产生相对转动，故而两个铲旋轮逐渐切入板料中使得部分板料逐渐剥离，同时产生局部连续的塑性变形，随着铲旋轮在径向的进给，铲旋轮前端的板料堆积越来越多，逐渐向高度方向转移，在接触到上模具后，在上模具和铲旋轮的共同作用下形成内筒，该内筒的厚度可以达到被铲起材料厚度的3～5倍，而内筒高度可以达到被铲起材料厚度的15～25倍；C4. Move the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel to a preset initial shovel position, and the shovel position can be directly cut in from the outer edge or directly cut from the end surface. In this embodiment, the end surface is directly used. Cut in, start the spinning machine, mold the upper and lower molds, control the rotation speed of the upper and lower molds to 300rmp, the shovel wheel to passively rotate, the feed speed of the first shovel and the second shovel is synchronously controlled to 5.0~6.0mm/ s, the thickness of the shovel is 1.5 to 1.7 mm. As the mold drives the circular sheet to rotate, the shovel wheel applies a pressure to the circular sheet in the axial direction for the radial feed movement, because the shovel wheel is opposite to the sheet material. Rotating, so the two shovel wheels gradually cut into the sheet to gradually peel off part of the sheet, and at the same time produce local continuous plastic deformation. As the shovel wheel feeds in the radial direction, the sheet at the front end of the shovel wheel accumulates. The more it is gradually transferred to the height direction, after contacting the upper mold, the inner cylinder is formed under the joint action of the upper mold and the shovel wheel, and the thickness of the inner cylinder can reach 3 to 5 times the thickness of the material to be scooped, and The inner cylinder height can reach the thickness of the material being scooped up 15 to 25 times;
c5、铲旋第一阶段为控制上下模具转速为300rpm，第一铲旋轮从板料端面切入一定深度后沿径向进给20～30mm，此阶段第二铲旋轮在对称侧接触板料，起到约束板坯、避免翘起的作用，此阶段第一铲旋轮切入速度控制在1.0mm/左右，铲旋切入深度为1.5～1.7mm，径向进给速度为5.0～6.0mm/s；C5. The first stage of the shovel is to control the upper and lower mold rotation speed to be 300 rpm. The first shovel wheel is cut into a certain depth from the end face of the sheet and then fed in the radial direction by 20 to 30 mm. At this stage, the second shovel wheel contacts the sheet on the symmetrical side. It can restrain the slab and avoid lifting. At this stage, the cutting speed of the first shovel is controlled at 1.0mm/, the cutting depth of the shovel is 1.5~1.7mm, and the radial feed speed is 5.0~6.0mm/ s;
c6、铲旋第二阶段为控制上下模具转速为300rpm，第一铲旋轮和第二铲旋轮共同作用于后续的铲旋过程，最终在上模具、第一铲旋轮和第二铲旋轮的同时作用下，得到满足有效高度和壁厚的内筒，此阶段第一铲旋轮和第二铲旋轮的径向进给速度为5.0～6.0mm/s。 C6, the second stage of the shovel is to control the upper and lower mold rotation speed to 300 rpm, the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel cooperate on the subsequent shovel process, and finally the upper mold, the first shovel wheel and the second shovel At the same time of the wheel, an inner cylinder satisfying the effective height and the wall thickness is obtained. At this stage, the radial feed speed of the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel is 5.0 to 6.0 mm/s.
d、展旋外筒：在数控旋压机上利用翻边轮和旋平轮对步骤c的圆形板料进行翻边旋压处理，形成与内筒同心的外筒(如图4、5所示)，具体步骤为：d. Rotating the outer cylinder: on the numerical control spinning machine, the circular plate of the step c is subjected to the burring and spinning treatment by using the burring wheel and the rotary flat wheel to form an outer cylinder concentric with the inner cylinder (see Figures 4 and 5). As shown), the specific steps are:
d1、将上模具和下模具分别安装到旋压机的通用模具位置上；D1, the upper mold and the lower mold are respectively mounted to the universal mold position of the spinning machine;
d2、将翻边轮和旋平轮安装到数控旋压机的旋压滚轮架上，其中翻边轮与旋平轮对称分布在上下模具两侧，所述翻边轮的轴线与上下模具的中心轴线呈45°夹角，所述旋平轮轴向与上下模具的中心轴线平行；D2, the burring wheel and the slewing wheel are mounted on the spinning roller frame of the numerical control spinning machine, wherein the burring wheel and the slewing wheel are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the upper and lower dies, and the axis of the burring wheel and the upper and lower dies The central axis is at an angle of 45°, and the rotary wheel is axially parallel to the central axis of the upper and lower molds;
d3、将步骤c获得的壳体半成品送料到下模具上；D3, feeding the shell semi-finished product obtained in step c to the lower mold;
d4、将翻边轮调整到圆形板料翻边起始位置，启动旋压机，上下模具合模，控制上下模具转动速度为250rpm，翻边轮做被动旋转，翻边轮的径向进给速度为3.0～4.0mm/s、轴向进给速度为0.8～1.3mm/s，通过翻边轮轴向及径向同步进给实现对圆形板料的展旋翻边；D4. Adjust the burring wheel to the starting position of the circular sheet flanging, start the spinning machine, close the upper and lower molds, control the upper and lower mold rotation speed to 250 rpm, the burring wheel is passively rotated, and the burring wheel is radially advanced. The feeding speed is 3.0-4.0 mm/s, the axial feed speed is 0.8-1.3 mm/s, and the circular-rolling material is realized by the axial and radial synchronous feeding of the burring wheel;
d5、启动旋平轮对翻边后的板料进行旋压处理，控制上下模具转速为250rpm，旋平轮做被动旋转，旋平轮的径向进给速度为1.5～2.0mm/s，通过旋平轮实现对外筒外表面的压平处理，并保证外筒上下各部厚度均匀，且避免折弯圆角区的减薄情况。D5. Start the rotary wheel to spin the sheet after the flanging, control the speed of the upper and lower molds to be 250 rpm, and rotate the flat wheel to make a passive rotation. The radial feed speed of the flat wheel is 1.5 to 2.0 mm/s. The flattening wheel realizes the flattening treatment of the outer surface of the outer cylinder, and ensures the uniform thickness of the upper and lower parts of the outer cylinder, and avoids the thinning of the rounded corner area.
e、旋齿：在数控旋压机上利用两个旋齿轮对步骤d中外筒外表面旋压制得齿形，控制上下模具的转速为200rpm，一个预旋齿轮的径向进给速度为1.0～1.2mm/s，进给率0.30～0.36mm/r，另一个精旋齿轮径向进给速度为0.4～0.6mm/s，进给率为0.12～0.18mm/r，制备得到减震器壳体半成品(如图6所示)。e. Rotary teeth: The outer surface of the outer cylinder in step d is pressed and deformed by the two rotating gears on the numerical control spinning machine, and the rotational speed of the upper and lower molds is controlled to be 200 rpm, and the radial feed speed of one pre-rotating gear is 1.0~. 1.2mm/s, feed rate 0.30～0.36mm/r, another fine-rotor gear radial feed rate is 0.4～0.6mm/s, feed rate is 0.12～0.18mm/r, and the shock absorber shell is prepared. Semi-finished product (as shown in Figure 6).
f、机加工：对步骤e形成的半成品的端面钻安装孔，在车床上对壳体局部进行车加工，制备出成品(参加图7)。 f. Machining: The hole is drilled into the end face of the semi-finished product formed in step e, and the casing is partially machined on the lathe to prepare the finished product (see Figure 7).
如图8所示，上述步骤c1中上模具2下端设有间隔8～12mm的半圆凸筋8，该凸筋的半径R为0.3mm，下模具4为中间凸起的圆盘结构，圆形板料3放入下模具上，由中间凸起进行定位，上模凸筋及中间凸起在上下模合模后起固定作用，可以防止铲旋过程中板料的失稳，所述第一铲旋轮1的铲旋角10圆弧半径为3mm，第二铲旋轮5的铲旋角11圆弧半径为5mm，直边9尺寸与内筒高度有关，不小于30mm，直边9上端采用45°的斜边6约束，斜边6与上下端直边采用R＝2～4mm圆弧7过渡，斜边水平尺寸为2～4mm，在铲旋过程中由于铲旋轮结构采用局部约束，从而保证了内筒的有效高度及厚度，成形载荷与全封闭结构相比较小。As shown in FIG. 8, in the above step c1, the lower end of the upper mold 2 is provided with a semicircular rib 8 with a spacing of 8 to 12 mm, the radius R of the rib is 0.3 mm, and the lower mold 4 is a disc structure with a convex shape in the middle. The sheet material 3 is placed on the lower mold, and is positioned by the intermediate protrusions. The upper mold ribs and the intermediate protrusions are fixed after the upper and lower molds are closed, and the sheet material can be prevented from being unstable during the shovel. The radius of the shovel angle of the shovel wheel 1 is 3 mm, the radius of the shovel angle of the second shovel 5 is 5 mm, and the size of the straight side 9 is related to the height of the inner cylinder, not less than 30 mm, and the upper end of the straight side 9 With 45° bevel 6 constraint, the oblique side 6 and the upper and lower straight sides adopt R=2~4mm arc 7 transition, and the horizontal dimension of the oblique side is 2~4mm. In the process of shoveling, the local constraint is adopted due to the structure of the shovel wheel. Therefore, the effective height and thickness of the inner cylinder are ensured, and the forming load is small compared with the fully enclosed structure.
如图9所示，上模具13与下模具14合模，所述步骤d4中翻边轮13的翻边弧度为20～30mm，在进行翻边操作时，随着翻边轮13的进给，外筒16逐渐进行旋压增厚操作，配合水平设置的旋平轮15旋压操作，有效避免圆角过渡区的减薄，所述旋平轮外侧壁为光面结构，也可以根据外筒凸筋结构设计凹槽，使得外筒旋平时直接形成凸筋。As shown in FIG. 9, the upper mold 13 and the lower mold 14 are clamped, and the flange of the burring wheel 13 in the step d4 is 20 to 30 mm, and the feeding of the burring wheel 13 is performed during the burring operation. The outer cylinder 16 is gradually subjected to a spinning thickening operation, and is combined with the horizontally arranged rotary wheel 15 to perform a spinning operation, thereby effectively avoiding the thinning of the rounded transition zone, and the outer side wall of the rotary flat wheel is a smooth surface structure, and may also be externally The groove convex structure design groove, so that the outer cylinder directly forms a convex rib when it is flat.
由于在加工中，外筒厚度尺寸会根据零件要求不同而不同，对于较厚的外筒结构来说，在保证内筒尺寸符合要求的前提下，通过改变铲旋起始位置，给外端多留料，从而提高了材料的利用率，也可以如本实施例中采用展旋工艺进行展旋翻边增厚，从而避免圆角过渡区的减薄，保证了外筒的有效厚度；对于较薄的外筒来说，在成形过程中可通过增加旋平轮的进给量促使外筒厚度降低，从而提高材料利用率。Since the thickness of the outer cylinder will vary according to the requirements of the part during processing, for the thick outer cylinder structure, the outer end of the shovel is changed by changing the starting position of the shovel while ensuring that the size of the inner cylinder meets the requirements. In order to improve the utilization rate of the material, the thickness of the rounded transition zone can be avoided by using the spin-drying process as in the embodiment, thereby avoiding the thinning of the rounded transition zone and ensuring the effective thickness of the outer cylinder; For the outer cylinder, the thickness of the outer cylinder can be reduced by increasing the feed amount of the rotary wheel during the forming process, thereby improving the material utilization rate.
本发明的技术内容及技术特征已揭示如上，然而熟悉本领域的技术人员仍可能基于本发明的教示及揭示而作种种不背离本发明精神的替换及修饰，因此，本 发明保护范围应不限于实施例所揭示的内容，而应包括各种不背离本发明的替换及修饰，并为本专利申请权利要求所涵盖。 The technical content and the technical features of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but it is still possible for those skilled in the art to make various substitutions and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is not limited by the scope of the invention, but should be construed as being included in the appended claims.

Claims (6)

  1. 一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的整体旋压成型方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：An overall spinning forming method for a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing, comprising the steps of:
    a、落料：采用8～11mm厚的热轧厚钢板，对板材进行剪切落料获得圆形板料；a, blanking: using 8 ~ 11mm thick hot-rolled thick steel plate, cutting and blanking the board to obtain a circular sheet;
    b、冲中孔：利用冲床对步骤a所获得的圆形板料进行冲中心孔，制得带中孔的圆形板料；b. punching the hole: using a punching machine to punch the circular plate obtained in step a, punching the center hole, and obtaining a circular plate with a middle hole;
    c、铲旋增厚：在数控旋压机上安装上下模具及铲旋轮，控制上下模具转速为300rpm，利用第一铲旋轮和第二铲旋轮同时对圆形板料进行铲旋操作，在圆形板料上形成内筒，控制第一铲旋轮和第二铲旋轮进给速度为5.0～6.0mm/s，铲旋厚度为1.5～1.7mm，进给率为1.0～1.2mm/r；c. Shovel thickening: Install the upper and lower molds and the shovel wheel on the CNC spinning machine to control the rotation speed of the upper and lower molds to 300 rpm, and use the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel to simultaneously shovel the circular sheet material. Forming an inner cylinder on the circular plate, controlling the feed speed of the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel to be 5.0-6.0 mm/s, the thickness of the shovel being 1.5-1.7 mm, and the feed rate being 1.0-1.2 Mm/r;
    d、展旋外筒：在数控旋压机上安装上下模具及旋压轮，控制上下模具转速为250rpm，利用翻边轮对圆形板料进行翻边处理，利用旋平轮进行旋压处理，以在圆形板料上形成与内筒同心的外筒，控制翻边轮的径向进给速度为3.0～4.0mm/s、轴向进给速度为0.8～1.3mm/s，进给率为0.75～1.0mm/r，旋平轮的径向进给速度为1.5～2.0mm/s，进给率为0.36～0.48mm/r；d. Rotating the outer cylinder: Install the upper and lower molds and the spinning wheel on the CNC spinning machine to control the rotation speed of the upper and lower molds to 250 rpm. Use the burring wheel to carry out the flanging treatment of the circular sheet material, and use the rotary flat wheel to perform the spinning treatment. , forming an outer cylinder concentric with the inner cylinder on the circular plate, controlling the radial feed speed of the burring wheel to be 3.0-4.0 mm/s, and the axial feed speed being 0.8-1.3 mm/s, feeding The rate is 0.75~1.0mm/r, the radial feed speed of the rotary wheel is 1.5~2.0mm/s, and the feed rate is 0.36~0.48mm/r;
    e、旋齿：在数控旋压机上利用两个旋齿轮对步骤d中外筒外表面旋压制得齿形，控制上下模具的转速为200rpm，一个预旋齿轮的径向进给速度为1.0～1.2mm/s，进给率为0.30～0.36mm/r，另一个精旋齿轮径向进给速度为0.4～0.6mm/s，进给率为0.12～0.18mm/r，制备得到减震器壳体半成品；e. Rotary teeth: The outer surface of the outer cylinder in step d is pressed and deformed by the two rotating gears on the numerical control spinning machine, and the rotational speed of the upper and lower molds is controlled to be 200 rpm, and the radial feed speed of one pre-rotating gear is 1.0~. 1.2mm/s, the feed rate is 0.30~0.36mm/r, the other radial gear has a radial feed rate of 0.4~0.6mm/s, and the feed rate is 0.12~0.18mm/r. Semi-finished product of the casing;
    f、机加工：对步骤e形成的半成品的端面钻安装孔，在车床上对壳体局部进行车加工，制备出成品。f. Machining: The hole is drilled into the end face of the semi-finished product formed in step e, and the casing is partially machined on the lathe to prepare a finished product.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的整体旋压成型方法，其特征在于：所述步骤c中铲旋增厚的具体步骤为： The overall spin forming method of a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of the shovel thickening in the step c are:
    c1、将上模具和下模具分别安装到旋压机的通用模具位置上；C1, respectively, the upper mold and the lower mold are respectively mounted on the universal mold position of the spinning machine;
    c2、将两个铲旋轮分别安装在旋压机的两个旋压滚轮架上，并调整好两个铲旋轮的位置，使其位于圆形板料两侧，且两个铲旋轮的连接线与圆形板料中心孔位于同一直线，同时两个铲旋轮的轮轴线与上下模具的中心轴线45°夹角；C2. Install two shovel wheels on the two spinning roller frames of the spinning machine, and adjust the position of the two shovel wheels so that they are located on both sides of the circular plate, and two shovel wheels The connecting line is in the same line as the central hole of the circular sheet, and the wheel axis of the two scoring wheels is at an angle of 45° with the central axis of the upper and lower molds;
    c3、将步骤b获得的带中孔的圆形板料送料到下模具上；C3, feeding the circular sheet with the middle hole obtained in step b to the lower mold;
    c4、将第一铲旋轮及第二铲旋轮移动到预设的初始铲旋位置，铲旋位置的选择可以从外缘直接向内切入或从端面直接切入，启动旋压机，上下模具合模，控制上下模具转动速度为300rmp，第一铲旋轮和第二铲旋轮的进给速度同步控制为5.0～6.0mm/s，铲旋厚度为1.5～1.7mm，使得形成的内筒厚度为被铲起材料厚度的3～5倍，内筒高度为被铲起材料厚度的15～25倍。C4, moving the first shovel wheel and the second shovel wheel to a preset initial shovel position, the shovel position can be directly cut in from the outer edge or directly cut from the end surface, start the spinning machine, the upper and lower dies The mold is closed, and the upper and lower molds are controlled to rotate at a speed of 300 rpm. The feed speeds of the first shovel and the second shovel are synchronously controlled to 5.0 to 6.0 mm/s, and the thickness of the shovel is 1.5 to 1.7 mm, so that the inner cylinder is formed. The thickness is 3 to 5 times the thickness of the material to be scooped, and the height of the inner cylinder is 15 to 25 times the thickness of the material to be scooped.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的整体旋压成型方法，其特征在于：所述步骤d中展旋外筒的具体步骤为：The method for integrally forming a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of expanding the outer cylinder in the step d are:
    d1、将上模具和下模具分别安装到旋压机的通用模具位置上；D1, the upper mold and the lower mold are respectively mounted to the universal mold position of the spinning machine;
    d2、将翻边轮和旋平轮安装到数控旋压机的旋压滚轮架上，其中翻边轮与旋平轮对称分布在上下模具两侧，所述翻边轮的轴线与上下模具的中心轴线呈45°夹角，所述旋平轮轴向与上下模具的中心轴线平行；D2, the burring wheel and the slewing wheel are mounted on the spinning roller frame of the numerical control spinning machine, wherein the burring wheel and the slewing wheel are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the upper and lower dies, and the axis of the burring wheel and the upper and lower dies The central axis is at an angle of 45°, and the rotary wheel is axially parallel to the central axis of the upper and lower molds;
    d3、将步骤c获得的壳体半成品送料到下模具上；D3, feeding the shell semi-finished product obtained in step c to the lower mold;
    d4、将翻边轮调整到圆形板料翻边起始位置，启动旋压机，上下模具合模，控制上下模具转动速度为250rpm，翻边轮的径向进给速度为3.0～4.0mm/s、轴向进给速度为0.8～1.3mm/s，通过翻边轮轴向及径向同步进给实现对圆形板料的展旋翻边； D4, adjust the burring wheel to the starting position of the circular sheet flanging, start the spinning machine, mold the upper and lower molds, control the rotation speed of the upper and lower molds to 250 rpm, and the radial feed speed of the burring wheel is 3.0 to 4.0 mm. / s, the axial feed speed is 0.8 ~ 1.3mm / s, through the axial and radial synchronous feed of the burring wheel to achieve the rounding of the circular sheet material;
    d5、启动旋平轮对翻边后的板料进行旋平处理，控制上下模具转速为250rpm，旋平轮的径向进给速度为1.5～2.0mm/s，通过旋平轮实现对外筒外表面的压平处理，并保证外筒上下各部厚度均匀，且避免折弯圆角区的减薄情况。D5, start the flattening wheel to flatten the sheet after the flanging, control the upper and lower mold rotation speed is 250rpm, the radial feed speed of the rotary flat wheel is 1.5~2.0mm/s, and realize the outer cylinder through the rotary flat wheel The surface is flattened, and the thickness of the upper and lower parts of the outer cylinder is uniform, and the thinning of the rounded corner area is avoided.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的整体旋压成型方法，其特征在于：所述步骤c1中上模具下端设有间隔8～12mm的半圆凸筋，该凸筋的半径R为0.3mm，下模具为中间凸起的圆盘结构。The method for integrally forming a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing according to claim 2, wherein in the step c1, the lower end of the upper mold is provided with a semicircular rib with a spacing of 8 to 12 mm, and the rib is The radius R is 0.3 mm, and the lower mold is an intermediate raised disc structure.
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的整体旋压成型方法，其特征在于：所述步骤c4中第一铲旋轮铲旋角圆弧半径为3mm，第二铲旋轮铲旋角圆弧半径为5mm，直边尺寸大于30mm，直边上端采用45°的斜边约束，斜边与直边采用R＝2～4mm圆弧过渡，斜边水平尺寸为2～4mm。The overall spin forming method of a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing according to claim 2, wherein in the step c4, the radius of the first shovel shovel angle is 3 mm, and the second shovel The rim radius of the wheel shovel is 5mm, the straight side dimension is larger than 30mm, the upper end of the straight side is bounded by 45° oblique bevel, the oblique side and the straight side are rotated by R=2～4mm, and the horizontal dimension of the oblique side is 2~4mm. .
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种曲轴硅油减震器壳体的整体旋压成型方法，其特征在于：所述步骤d4中翻边轮的翻边弧度为20～30mm，所述旋平轮外侧壁为光面结构或者根据外筒凸筋结构设有凹槽。 The method for integrally forming a crankshaft silicone oil damper housing according to claim 3, wherein in the step d4, the flange of the burring wheel has a curvature of 20 to 30 mm, and the outer side of the rotary wheel The wall is a smooth structure or a groove is provided according to the outer cylindrical rib structure.
PCT/CN2017/081585 2016-12-12 2017-04-24 Integral spin forming method for silicone oil damper housing of crankshaft WO2018107637A1 (en)

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